【广州】2016-2017广州市第二中学初三下一模考试【解析版】
2016年广东省广州二中中考化学一模试卷
2016年广东省广州二中中考化学一模试卷一、单选题（每小题2分，共20分）1．（2分）下列过程中不发生化学变化的是（）A．B．C．D．2．（2分）下列叙述错误的是（）A．日常生活中可用肥皂水鉴别硬水和软水B．铝比铁具有更好的抗腐蚀性能，是因为铁比铝更活泼C．建造游泳中心“水立方”用到的聚乙烯是有机合成材料D．用汽油和加了洗涤剂的水分别除去衣服上的油污，两者去污原理不同3．（2分）下列实验操作正确的是（）A．检查气密性B．测量溶液的pHC．取固体药品D．熄灭酒精灯4．（2分）已知磷酸二氢铵（NH4H2PO4）是磷肥中的一种，下列说法错误的是（）A．磷酸二氢铵是一种复合肥料B．磷酸二氢铵是由氮、氢、磷、氧四种元素组成C．磷酸二氢铵中氮、氢、磷、氧的质量比为1：6：1：4D．磷酸二氢铵与熟石灰混合研磨有氨味气体产生5．（2分）水是生命之源，下列关于水的说法不正确的是（）A．生活中煮沸水可以降低水的硬度B．实验室电解水时，正极玻璃管内的气体是氢气C．水（H2O）和过氧化氢（H2O2）都由氢元素和氧元素组成D．过量使用化肥会导致水体污染6．（2分）下列关于碳及其化合物的说法，正确的是（）A．二氧化碳是导致酸雨的主要气体B．可以用燃烧法除去二氧化碳中混有的少量一氧化碳C．中国古代字画经久不褪色，因为常温下碳的化学性质不活泼D．CO和CO2都是非金属氧化物，都能与NaOH溶液反应7．（2分）分类法是化学学习的重要方法．下列说法不正确的是（）A．生石灰、烧碱、浓硫酸都可以用作干燥剂B．铁、锌、碘元素都属于人体必需微量元素C．CH4、C2H5OH、CH3COOH 都属于有机化合物D．KNO3、CO（NH2）2、NH4H2PO4 都属于复合肥料8．（2分）甲、乙、丙三种固体物质的溶解度曲线如图所示．下列叙述错误的是（）A．t1℃时，将等质量的甲、乙分别配成饱和溶液，所得溶液质量：甲＞乙B．将t1℃时甲、丙的饱和溶液升温到t2℃，两种溶液中溶质的质量分数相等C．将t2℃时甲的饱和溶液变为t3℃时甲的饱和溶液，可以采用蒸发水的方法D．将t3℃时三种物质的饱和溶液恒温蒸发等量水后，析出溶质的质量：甲＞乙＞丙9．（2分）下列对分子、原子、离子的认识，正确的是（）A．原子是最小的粒子，不可再分B．原子能构成分子，但不能直接构成物质C．温度越高，分子运动速率越快D．固体难压缩，说明固体分子间无间隔10．（2分）据报道，某地发现一温泉，经检测分析，发现该温泉属于硅酸盐温泉，对心脏、高血压等有良好的医疗保健作用．已知硅酸盐中硅元素的化合价为+4价，则硅酸的化学式为（）A．H2SiO4B．H4SiO3C．H2SiO3D．Na2SiO311．（2分）如图是测定稀HCl和NaOH溶液反应的pH变化曲线图，据图分析能得出的结论正确的是（）A．该反应是稀盐酸滴入NaOH溶液B．b点时，溶液的溶质为NaOHC．a点表示反应中HCl和NaOH的质量刚好相同D．a点表示恰好完全反应，溶液中存在的粒子有Na+、Cl﹣、H2O12．（2分）小张同学用某固体物质进行如图所示的实验，根据实验判断下列说法不正确的是（）A．该固体物质的溶解度随温度的升高而增大B．溶液b一定是不饱和溶液C．溶液d中溶质质量一定大于溶液e中的溶质质量D．溶液d和溶液e的溶质质量分数可能相同13．（2分）下列物质的溶液，不另加试剂就不能鉴别出来的一组是（）A．CuSO4BaCl2H2SO4B．Na2CO3 Ca（NO3）2HClC．Na2SO4KNO3HClD．FeCl3NaOH KMnO414．（2分）下列有关燃烧的说法不正确的是（）A．发生森林火灾要开辟隔离带，目的是清除可燃物B．白磷保存在冷水中目的是为了隔绝氧气C．将煤块制成蜂窝煤是为了使其燃烧更充分D．用水灭火目的是为了降低可燃物的着火点15．（2分）医疗上用的生理盐水是0.9%的氯化钠溶液．要配制0.9%的氯化钠溶液100g．其中选用仪器或操作正确的是（）A．只需要托盘天平和量筒两种仪器B．用天平称量0.9g氯化钠C．用量筒量取100g水D．把食盐倒入量筒中搅拌溶解16．（2分）下列各组物质中，能相互反应且反应前后溶液总质量增加的是（）A．铁和硫酸铜溶液B．氧化铁固体和稀硫酸C．盐酸和澄清石灰水D．氯化钠溶液和硝酸钾溶液17．（2分）下列除去杂质所选用的试剂正确的是（）选项物质（括号内为杂质）去除杂质所选用的试剂A NaCl溶液（Na2CO3）稀H2SO4B FeCl2（CuCl2）镁粉C Cu（Zn）CuSO4D CO2（H2O）NaOHA．A B．B C．C D．D18．（2分）下列实验进行中的现象或实验原理正确的是（）A．白磷始终不燃烧B．小气球变瘪C．U型管内液面左高右低D．验证Fe、Cu、Ag的金属活动性强弱19．（2分）西班牙的瑞奥汀河是一条酸河．经调查发现，是由于上游河床含有的某种物质R 在水中氧气的作用下发生反应所致，其反应的化学方程式为：2R+2H2O+7O2═2FeSO4+2H2SO4，则R的化学式为（）A．FeS B．Fe2S3C．FeO D．FeS220．（2分）按如图所示装置进行实验（图中铁架台均已略去）．先在试管Ⅱ中加入试剂乙，然后在试管Ⅰ中加入试剂甲，立即塞紧橡皮塞，一段时间后，观察到试管Ⅱ中有白色沉淀生成。
2017年广州二中一模语文试卷及答案
广州市第二中学2017年度初三一模试题本试卷共8页，分三部分，共23小题，满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必在答题卷上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、学校、班级、姓名、考场室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应号码的标号涂黑。
2．选择题统一在答卷第1页“选择题答题区”上用铅笔填涂；其余题目必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
3．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试题和答题卷一并交回。
第一部分积累与运用（共35分）一、（6小题，20分）1．下列词语注音全都正确．．．．的一项是（）（3分）A．汲．取（jī）商酌．（zhuó）伧．俗（cānɡ）味同嚼．蜡（jué）B．执拗．（niù）休憩．（qì）针灸．（jiù）气息奄．奄（yān）C．蓬蒿．（hāo）归咎．（jiù）狩．猎（shòu）九曲．连环（qū）D．锃．亮（zhènɡ）荣膺．（yīn）伎俩．（liǎnɡ）风雪载．途（zài）2．下列词语中没有．．错别字的一项是（）（3分）A．轩榭砭骨笑聚山林鼎礼膜拜B．地窖惘然消声匿迹侍才放旷C．悬虚亵渎以逸代劳群蚁排衙D．招徕骊歌恪尽职守周道如砥3．下列各句中，加点的成语使用不正确．．．的一项是（）（3分）A．开花的时候满眼的珠光宝气．．．．，使游览者感到无限的繁华和欢悦，可是没法说出来。
B．读书节的义卖物品种类繁多，有丰富多样的书籍、精致可爱的书签、清新悦目的笔记本……吸引了很多同学慷慨解囊．．．．，争相购买。
C．近年来，广州城市建设日新月异，珠江两岸的高楼大厦鳞次栉比．．．．，行人熙来攘往，霓虹灯五光十色。
2016广州市二中初三一模英语试题及答案
2016广州市二中初三一模英语试题及答案广州市第二中学 2015 学年第二学期一模初三年级英语科目试卷（满分 110分）一、语法选择（共15 小题，每题 1 分，共 15 分）Have you ever felt uncomfortable? Many of __1___ feel uneasy when someone stands too close __2__ us, talks to us too __3__ or makes eye contact with us for too long. But have you ever wondered why those things make you uncomfortable?It ’ s all about personal peace, which means not only __4__ imaginary space around the body, but also the space around all the ___5___. People feel that their space is being violated(入侵 ) when they meet with an unwelcome sound, smell or look. Thisis probably why a man on a crowded bus shouting into his mobile phone or awoman next to you putting on strong perfume(香水 ) makes you feel __6___.___7___ people have had a stronger wish to protect their personal space or notin recent times is hard to say. Yet studies of airlines show that people have a strong desire(盼望 ) to have space to ___8___. In a survey by TripAdvisor, a travel website, people said that if they ___9___ pay more for some extra service, they would rather have larger seats than extra food.Although people may need their personal space, some hardly realize it. For example, people on a bus who hold newspapers __10__their faces to read in factkeep a distance from strangers.Go and watch a library table. You will notice __11__ one of the corner seats will usually __12__ first, because they are the farthest way. What if someone sits__13__ you? Maybe you will pile up books as if to make a wall.Preference(偏好 ) for personal space are different from culture to culture. Scientists have found that Americans generally prefer more personal space than people from__14__ cultures. In Latin( 拉丁人的 ) cultures, __15__, people are more comfortable standing near each other.1. A. we B. us C. our D. ours2. A. with B. in C. to D. at3. A. loudness B. louder C. loudly D. loudest4. A. a B. an C. the D. /5. A. sense B. senses C. sensing D. sensings6. A. anger B. angry C. angers D. angrily7. A. Whether B. What C. That D. Which8. A. them B. their C. themselves D. they9. A. has to B. have to C. had to D. having to10. A. in the front B. in frontC. in the front ofD. in front of11. A. that B. what C. where D. if12. A. be taken B. be taking C. take D. takes13. A. opposite with B. opposite to C. opposite at D. opposite for1/1114. A. another B. others C. other D. the others15. A. but B. however C. either D. although二．完形填空（共10 小题，每题 1.5 分，共 15 分）The first time I remember noticing the crossing guard was when he waved to me asI drove my son to school. He __16__ me with a puzzle—all because he waved to melike someone does on seeing a close friend. There was a big, __17__ smile on his face.For the next few days I tried to __18__ his face to see if I knew him. I didn ’ t. he had __19__ me for someone else. By the time I was quite sure that he and I werestrangers, we were greeting each other warmly every morning like old friends.Then one day I found out the truth. As I drove near to the school he was standingin the middle of the road __20__ his stop sign, I was in line behind four cars. After thekids had reached the safety of the sidewalk, he lowered his sign and let the carsthrough. To the first car he waved and smiled in just the same way he had done to meover the last few days. The kids already had the window down and were happilywaving their reply. The second car got the same __21__ from the crossing guard, andthe driver, a businessman, gave a short wave back. Each of the following car of kidson their way to school responded heartily.Every morning I continued to watch the man with __22__. So far I haven ’ t seen anyone __23__ to wave back. I find it interesting that one person can make such a(n)__24__ to so many people ’ s lives by doing one simple thing like waving and smilingwarmly. His cheerfulness armed the start of my day. With a friendly wave and smilingface he had changed the __25__ of the whole neighborhood.16. A. hit B. disagreed C. presented D. bored17. A. shy B. false C. funny D. bright18. A. research B. study C. realize D. explain19. A. praised B. respected C. mistaken D. remembered20. A. holding out B. handing in C. putting on D. setting up21. A. idea B. reply C. notice D. greeting22. A. surprise B. interest C. doubt D. hope23. A. fail B. try C. wish D. manage24. A. offer B. promise C. mess D. difference25. A. habits B. expression C. rules D. feelings三．阅读理解（共20 小题，每题 2 分，共 40 分）AOne August afternoon, Richard Allen dropped off his last passenger, Mrs. Carey,lifting two grocery bags, he followed her across the yard and stood on the step of herhouse. Glancing up, he saw a large wasp nest under the roof. Allen had heard thatwasps can became more likely to sting in summer. He mentioned this to Mrs. Carey,who had opened the door.“ Oh, they don ’ t bother me, ” she said lightly. “ I go in and out all the time.Anxiously, Allen looked at the nest again—to see the wasps flying straight at him.“ Hurry! ” he shouted to Mrs. Carey. “ Get in! ”She stepped quickly inside. Allen ran for his mini-bus. Too late; they were upon2/11him. Just as he jumped aboard, half a dozen red spots showed on his arm, and hefelt more on his back and shoulders.As he was driving down the road, Allen felt as if something was burning at theback, and the “ fire ” was spreading forward toward his face. And immediate anxiety tookhold of him. Allen knew that stings could cause some persons to die. But he had beenstung the previous summer and the after-effects soon passed. However, what he didn ’ tknow was that the first sting had turned his body into a time bomb waiting forthe next to set off an explosion.Miles from the nearest medical assistance, Allen began to feel his tongue thickand heavy and his heartbeat louder. Most frightening, he felt his breathing more andmore difficult. He reached for the radio mike, trying to call the mini-bus centre, buthis words were hardly understandable. Signals were also poor that far out. He knew arescue team was on 24hour- duty at the Amherst Fire Department’ s north station. Sohis best chance was to make a run for it.Rushing down the mountain, Allen tried not to panic, focusing his mind on eachsharp turn. He was almost through the last of them when he felt sure he was goinginto shock. Just then he reached for the radio mike again.“ Call fire station,” he shouted concentrating to form the words.“ Emergenc sting. Emergency. Therein ten minutes.”“ Five-ten,” the center replied.Hold on, Allen thought. Keep your eyes open. Breathe. Keep awake.At last he reached the station. Two firemen ran out. Allen felt their handsgrasp him before he hit the ground. You made it, he thought.26. It is mentioned in the passage that wasps are more likely to attack when_______.A. there are huge noisesB. strangers are getting very nearC. the air is filled with food smellD. the hottest season comes around27. Allen didn't know that if stung by wasps again, he would___________.A. have no after-effectsB. suffer from sharper painC. lose his lifeD. became much weaker28. Allen failed at the first time when he tried to send his message to the mini-buscenter because__________.A. he was unable to speak clearlyB. his radio equipment was poorC. he was in a state of shockD. no one was on duty29.Which of the following is NOT true according the story?A.Allen drove to the fire station because he knew there was a rescue team there.B.Allen managed to make his request of help clear though he had difficultytalking by then.C.The mini-bus centre did help in that they got the rescue team ready beforeAllen arrived.D. Allen shouldn’ t have looked at the wasps when he helped Mrsy.. Care30. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Allen, a Helpless DriverB. Wasps, Bloody KillersC. A Race against DeathD. War against WaspsB3/112016广州市二中初三一模英语试题及答案"The world's oceans are slowly getting more acidic, ” say scientists. The researchers from California report that the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.The lowering of the waters ’ PH value is not great at the moment but could cause a serious threat to current ocean life if it continues, they warn. Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, reporttheir concerns in the journal Nature.Increasing use of oil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by sea water. Once in the water, it reacts toform carbonic acid. Scientists believe that the oceans have already becomeslightly more acidic over the last century.These researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change．"This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing CO2 into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira. "And we predict the amount of future acidity will exceed anything we have seen over the last several hundred million years, let alone perhaps after rare disasters such as asteroid impacts．”However, it is not absolutely clear what that means for ocean life．Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest PH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean life forms may be more sensitive to PH changes．Coral reefs(珊瑚礁 )and other organisms whose shells contain calcium carbonate may be particularly affected if the water's acidity levels keep going up, the team predict. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower PH.In recent years some people have suggested storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of dealing with global warming． But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered. "Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing-because in releasingCO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet, and when CO, is absorbed by the 2ocean, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming. ”31. The ocean is becoming more acidic due to___________.A. the lower water PH valueB. the warming atmosphereC. the higher level of CO in the airD. the increasing use of oil fuels232.According to Dr Caldeira,__________ .A.ocean absorption of carbon dioxide is a good thingB.more oil fuels will be used in the near futureC.scientists may predict climate changes with computer modelsD.the future situation of the amount of acidity is extremely serious33.If the water's acidity level keeps rising,_________ .A.ocean life whose structures contain calcium carbonate may beaffected B. the waters ’ PH value will become higher and higheranisms living near the surface are more sensitive to PH changesD.some disasters will occur more often than before34.What does the underlined word acidic”“probably mean?A. 污染的B. 酸的C. 复杂的D. 暖和的4/112016广州市二中初三一模英语试题及答案35.The purpose of this passage is to_________ .A.show people the findings of a research teamrm people of how acid the ocean is nowC.introduce Dr Caldeira and his team's researchD.warn people of the higher acidity level in the seaCJames Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves.His family moved to Cleveland when he was 9. There, a school teacher asked theyouth his name.“ J. C., ” he replied.She thought he had said “ Jesse ” , and he had a new name. Owensran his first race at age 13. After high school, he went to Ohio StateUniversity. He had to work part time so as to pay for his education. As a second-yearstudent, in the Big Ten games in 1935, he set even more records than he would inthe Olympic Games a year later.A week before the Big Ten meet, Owens accidentally fell down the stairs. Hisback hurt so much that he could not exercise all week, and he had to be helped inand out of the car that drove him to the meet. He refused to listen to the suggestionsthat he give up and said he would try, event by event. He did try, and the results arein the record book.The stage was set for Owens ’ victory at the Olympic Games in Berlin the next year,and his success would come to be regarded as not only athletic but also political. Hitler didnot congratulate any of the African-American winners.“ It was all right with me,” he said years later.“ I didn’ t go to Berlin to shake with him, anyway.”Having returned from Berlin, he received no telephone calls from the presidentof his own country, either. In fact, he was not honored by the United States until1976, four years before his death.Owens’ Olympic victories made little difference to him. He earned his living bylooking after a school playground, and accepted money to race against cars, trucks,motorcycles, and dogs.“Sure, it bothered me,” he said later.“But at least it was an honest living. I had to eat. ”In time, however, his gold medals changed his life. They have kept“me alive overthe years, ” he once said.“ Time has stood still for me. That golden moment dies hard.36. Owens got his other name when __________.A. he went to Ohio State UniversityB. his teacher made fun of himC. his teacher took“ J. C.” for D“.hJ e ssewon”gold medals in the Games37．In the Big Ten meet, Owens _________.A. hurt himself in the backB. was weak but determined to winC. tried every sports event but failedD. had to give up some events38．Owens received no telephone calls from the president because _________.A. he was not of the right race5/11B. he was the son of a poor farmerC. he didn’ t shake hands with HitlerD. he refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up39. Which of the following shows the correct order of James’ life?a. James worked part time to get the fee for schoolb. He was honored by the USc. He got success at the Olympic Gamesd. James set many records in Big Ten Gamese. He went to Cleveland with his familyf. Owens fell down and hurt his backA. a,e,f,d,b,cB. e,a,d,f,b,cC. a,e,d,f,c,bD. e,a,f,d,c,b40.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean?A.They have made him famous in the USB.They have been changed for money to help him live onC.They have encouraged him to overcome difficulties in lifeD.They have kept him busy with all kinds of jobsDItalian Lakes and Greek Islands (12 Days)Prices starting from＄1,999Your tour begins in Milan, Italy, and moves on to the pretty Italian Lake District and the attractive resort of Stresa, your home for two nights. Collette Vacations has carefully chosen the Costa Victoria as your home away from home for your 7—night journey along the waterways of the Mediterranean. The cruise ship is filled with the warmth and culture of Italy and is richly designed with entertainment areas and very good living conditions. It will take you to the places of your dreams.You’ll spend 4 days touring Greek cities you’vealways heard about. In Katakolon, you will have the only unguided tour to nearby Olympia on the whole journey. Then with a local guide you will visit the Greek islands of Santorini, which is often related to the story of the lost city of Atlantis, and Mykonos, a wonderful island with beautiful beaches.Your journey ends in Verona, home of the love story Romeo and Juliet, with a fun—filled farewell dinner — a perfect ending to a pleasant journey.12 Days, 25Meals: 10 Breakfasts, 6 Lunches, 9 DinnersDay 1Overnight flight to ItalyDays2— 3Regina Palace, Stresa, ItalyDays4— 10Costa Victoria ( Costa cruises)Day 11Hotel Leopardi, Verona, Italy6/11Day12 Leave for homePlease Note:Leaving date Price for one personApril 7 $2,099June 2 $2,199October 6 $2,099November 3 $1,99941．How is the journey planned?A． It starts and ends in Italy.B．It starts and ends in Greece.C． It starts in Italy and ends in Greece.D．It starts in Greece and ends in Italy. 42．What can be inferred from the travel plan?A ．The prices include entertainment service.B． The prices include three meals a day.C． The price is the highest in summer.D．Tourists may think of a love story while visiting Santorini.43. Bob plans to take the 12-day trip with his parents in winter, how much do theyneed to pay?A. $5997B.$6927C.$6297D. $659744．What does the underlined part“ the Costa Victoria” most probably refer to?A ．A famous hotel.B．A beautiful resort.C． A comfortable ship.D．A long—distance bus.45．Tourists will travel on their own in.A ．Stresa B．Olympia C ．Mykonos D．Verona四．阅读填空（共 5 小题，每题 1 分，共 5 分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。
广东省广州二中2017年中考数学一模试卷(解析版)
广东省广州二中2017年中考数学一模试卷(解析版)一.选择题1.﹣3的相反数是（ ） A. 3 B. ﹣3 C. D.2.如图是一个由4个相同的长方体组成的立体图形，它的左视图是（ ）A. B. C. D.3.下列计算正确的是（ ）A.2a+3b=5abB.a 6÷a 3=a 2C.（a+b ）2=a 2+b 2D.﹣ =4.已知x ﹣2y=3，那么代数式3﹣2x+4y 的值是（ ）A. ﹣3B. 0C. 6D. 95.甲、乙、丙三位同学分别正确指出了某一个函数的一个性质．甲：函数图象经过第一象限；乙：函数图象经过第三象限；丙：每第一个象限内，y 值随x 值的增大而减小．根据他们的描述，这个函数表达式可能是（ ）A. y=2xB. y=C. y=﹣D. y=2x 26.如图，在平行四边形ABCD中，BF平分∠ABC，交AD于点F，CE平分∠BCD，交AD于点E，AB=7，EF=3，则BC长为（）A. 9B. 10C. 11D. 127.如图，一次函数y=ax+b的图象分别与x轴、y轴的负半轴相交于A，B，则下列结论一定正确的是（）A. a﹣b＞0B. a+b＞0C. b﹣a＞0D. ﹣a﹣b＞08.八年级学生去距学校10千米的博物馆参观，一部分学生骑自行车先走，过了20分钟后，其余学生乘汽车出发，结果他们同时到达，已知汽车的速度是骑车学生速度的2倍．设骑车学生的速度为x千米/小时，则所列方程正确的是（）A. ﹣=20B. ﹣=20C. ﹣=D. ﹣=9.用圆心角为120°，半径为3 cm的扇形纸片卷成一个圆锥形无底纸冒（如图所示），则这个纸冒的高是（）A. 3 cmB. 2 cmC. 3 cmD. 4 cm10.如图，一段抛物线：y=﹣x（x﹣2）（0≤x≤2）记为C1，它与x轴交于两点O，A1；将C1绕A1旋转180°得到C2，交x轴于A2；将C2绕A2旋转180°得到C3，交x轴于A3；…如此进行下去，若点P（2017，m）在第1009段抛物线C1009上，则m的值为（）A. ﹣1B. 0C. 1D. 不确定二.填空题11.因式分解：a3﹣a=________．12.若三角形三个内角的度数之比为2：3：5，则这个三角形一定是________三角形．13.一次数学考试中，九年（1）班（2）班的学生数和平均分如表所示，则这两班平均成绩为________分。
2017年广东广州越秀第二中学初三一模数学试卷答案
答案 解析
a(a − 1)(a + 1)
a
3
− a
2
= a(a
− 1)
= a(a − 1)(a + 1)
．
hi .iz
（2016 ⩽ x ⩽ 2018 ），
hi
解析
由题意可得抛物线C n的解析式为：
ka ng .c
答案
C
（2n − 2 ⩽ x ⩽ 2n ），
om
20
A.
−1
B.
18 /1
C.
2/ 0
AE = AE − EF = 7 − 3 = 4
，
，
同理可得：DE = DC 故BC
= 7
， ，
= AD = DE + AE = 7 + 4 = 11
故正确答案为C．
7. 如图，一次函数y = ax + b的图象分别与x轴、y轴的负半轴相交于A 、B，则下列结论一定正确的是（ ）．
A.
a − b > 0
目录
选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，… 填空题（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，… 解答题（本大题共9小题，共102分）
y = x
6. 如图，在平行四边形ABC D中，BF 平分∠ABC ，交AD于点F ，C E平分∠BC D，交AD于点E，AB = 7，EF 为（ ）．
jia
os
hi
.iz hi
y =
3 x
C.
y = −
1 x
D.
y = x
2
编辑
= 3
，则BC 长
A.
9
B.
10
C.
11
D.
12
2016-2017二中一模语文答案
广州市第二中学2016学年度下学期初三一模考试初三年级语文答案（满分150分）1．C（A汲jí，嚼jiáo；B针灸jiǔ，奄yǎn；D 锃zènɡ，膺yīnɡ）2．D（A啸聚山林，顶礼膜拜；B销声匿迹，恃才放旷；C玄虚，以逸待劳）3．B（慷慨解囊：形容毫不吝啬、极其大方地帮助别人。
）4．A（B项搭配不当，提高……的意识；C项语意重复，溢美之词已有“过分”之意；D项缺主语，划去“通过”或“使”。
）5．C（荣幸：感到非常荣耀和幸运。
多用于表示对别人的邀请或抬举感到十分高兴。
)6.（1）《朗读者》引起巨大反响/广泛关注，朗读亭落户广州。
（以上两点，意思接近即可，2分）（2）作者1分，作品名1分，句式1分，共3分。
7.（1）C、D （A．角—脚 B．返—反 E．删去“如”，不用—不为 F．兄弟—弟兄）（2）①野渡．无人舟自横②雾凇沆砀．．．③惟．吾德馨．④中．岁颇好道⑤以咨诹．善道⑥牙璋．辞凤阙．（3）①山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉雨打萍②黄梅时节家家雨，青草池塘处处蛙8.（1）经过（2）生枝蔓（3）即使（4）用来（5）通“弼”，辅佐9．C（A代词/动词，到；B砍伐/侵略；C因为；D顺接/转折）10．感到心情凄凉，寒气透骨，幽静深远，弥漫着忧伤的气息。
（“凄神”“寒骨”“悄怆”“幽邃”各1分，共4分）11．B（A“百二十步”，而不是“一百二十米”。
C用北斗七星的曲折和蛇的爬行来形容小溪的形状，用狗的牙齿来形容小溪的两岸，也没有“暗指自己人生坎坷、前途黯淡之意”。
D这里风景幽静，不是表达对自然山水的热爱之情，而是含蓄地抒发了作者被贬后无法排遣的忧伤凄苦的感情。
）12．（1）夜阑：夜深。
突兀：高耸的样子。
（各1分，共2分）（2）陆游不顾自己年老体衰，深夜里听风雨大作，想到南宋王朝国运衰微，就立志要为国驰骋疆场，英勇杀敌（1分）；杜甫心怀天下，忧国忧民，由记叙风雨中一家之苦，到关注凄风冷雨无片瓦可以庇身的天下寒士（1分）。
2017年广州二中语文一模试题及答案
广州市第二中学2016学年度下学期初三一模考试初三年级语文试卷（满分150分）本试卷共8页，分三部分，共23小题，满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名等信息；再用2B铅笔把相应信息点涂黑。
2．选择题的答案用2B铅笔请按题号填涂在答题卡上选择题答题区内。
3．非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。
第一部分积累与运用（共35分）一、（6小题，20分）1．下列词语注音全都正确．．．．的一项是（）（3分）A．汲．取（jī）商酌．（zhuó）伧．俗（cānɡ）味同嚼．蜡（jué）B．执拗．（niù）休憩．（qì）针灸．（jiù）气息奄．奄（yān）C．蓬蒿．（hāo）归咎．（jiù）狩．猎（shòu）九曲．连环（qū）D．锃．亮（zhènɡ）荣膺．（yīn）伎俩．（liǎnɡ）风雪载．途（zài）2．下列词语中没有．．错别字的一项是（）（3分）A．轩榭砭骨笑聚山林鼎礼膜拜B．地窖惘然消声匿迹侍才放旷C．悬虚亵渎以逸代劳群蚁排衙D．招徕骊歌恪尽职守周道如砥3．下列各句中，加点的成语使用不正确．．．的一项是（）（3分）A．开花的时候满眼的珠光宝气．．．．，使游览者感到无限的繁华和欢悦，可是没法说出来。
B．读书节的义卖物品种类繁多，有丰富多样的书籍、精致可爱的书签、清新悦目的笔记本……吸引了很多同学慷慨解囊．．．．，争相购买。
C．近年来，广州城市建设日新月异，珠江两岸的高楼大厦鳞次栉比．．．．，行人熙来攘往，霓虹灯五光十色。
D．优秀的演讲者，在他们遣词造句的时候，总是苦心孤诣．．．．，字斟句酌，选用蕴含着炽热情感的语言来叩动听众的心扉，引起共鸣。
4．下列句子中没有．．语病的一项是（）（3分）A．近日，教育部等九部门印发《关于防治中小学生欺凌和暴力的指导意见》，旨在防止校园欺凌和暴力行为再发生。
广州市第二中学中考一模语文试题
3.2016年越秀区第二中学中考一模试题第一部分 积累与运用（共35分）一、（6小题，20分）1.下列词语中,每对加点字的读音都不相同的是（ ）（3分）A.缄．默/歼．灭 寒颤．/颤．巍巍 黝．黑/忧．心忡忡 默契．/锲．而不舍 B.倔．强/攫．取 妒忌．/嫉．妒 慰藉．/遍稽群籍． 果实累累．．/廓然无累．C.疮．痍/悲怆． 哂．笑/两栖． 襁．褓/强．聒不舍 殃．及/怏．怏不乐 D.惩．戒/逞．能 脚踝．/裸．露 犷．野/恃才放旷． 寒噤．/正襟．危坐 2.下列词语中，没有．．错别字的一项是（ ）（3分） A.略胜一筹 混为一谈 人情练达 姗姗来迟B.各得其所 一反即往 恍然大悟 翻来覆去C.毛骨悚然 洗耳恭听 花团锦簇 妇儒皆知D.矫揉造作 整装待发 穷困缭倒 骇人听闻3.在电脑中用拼音输入汉字，往往需要在一组词中挑选合适的词，为下列句子空白处挑选合适的词，最恰当的一项是（ ）（3分）①旅游胜地马来西亚沙巴的天空显得格外 。
②《变色龙》中奥楚蔑洛夫是有生活 的，当时的社会，这种见风使舵、趋炎附势的走狗广泛存在。
③一个国家的发展首先要重视教育，而教师是教育事业 的人才。
A.○11与○21与○32B.○12与○24与○31C.○12与○24与○32D.○11与○24与○31辽阔 1：辽阔 2：寥廓原形 1：原形 2：远行 3：圆形 4：原型 必须 1：必须 2：必需4.下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（）（3分）A.《水浒传》出色地塑造了宋江、李逵、林冲等一大批血肉丰满、性格鲜明的农民起义英雄事迹。
B.天津大爆炸后，原住地居民切忌盲目回到现场，爆炸事故核心区已经筑起危化品“隔离墙”。
C.我们写作文语言要精炼，写完之后修改时应尽量把不必要的啰嗦话删去。
D.看到这张照片，仿佛又把我们带回那个挥洒青春热血与汗水的比赛现场。
5. 把下列句子组合成语序合理、语意连贯的一段话，最恰当的一项是（）（3分）①中国互联网协会理事长胡启恒院长透露，中国正在探讨和逐步试行在网络世界实行有限实名，也就是后台实名，以平衡个人隐私和公众利益与国家利益的冲突。
2017学年广东广州越秀区二中中考一模语文20170420161952
广州市第二中学2016年学年度下学期初三一模考试初三年级语文试卷（满分150分）第一部分积累与运用（共35分）一、（6小题，20分）1．下列词语注音全都正确．．．．的一项是（）A．汲．（jī）取商酌．（zhuó）伧．俗（cāng）味同嚼．蜡（jué）B．执拗．（niù）休憩．（qì）针灸．（jiù）气息奄．奄（yān）C．蓬蒿．（hāo）归咎．（jiù）狩．猎（shòu）九曲．连环（qū）D．锃．亮（zhèng）荣膺．（yīn）伎俩．（liăng）风雪载．途（zài）答案：C解析：A.嚼jué—— jiáo 汲．jī——B.灸jiù——jiǔ 奄yān——yǎnD锃zhèng——zènɡ 膺yīn——yīnɡ2．下列词语中没有．．错别字的一项是（）A．轩榭砭骨笑聚山林鼎礼膜拜B．地窖惘然消声匿迹侍才放旷C．悬虚亵渎以逸代劳群蚁排衙D．招徕骊歌恪尽职守周道如砥答案：D解析：A.笑聚山林——啸聚山林鼎礼膜拜——顶礼膜拜B.消声匿迹——销声匿迹侍才放旷——恃才放旷C.悬虚——玄虚以逸代劳——以逸待劳3．下列各句中，加点的成语使用不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．开花的时候满眼的珠光宝气．．．．，使游览者感到无限的繁华和欢悦，可是没法说出来。
B．读书节的义卖物品种类繁多，有丰富多样的书籍、精致可爱的书签、清新悦目的笔记本……吸引了很多同学慷慨解囊．．．．，争相购买。
C．近年来，广州城市建设日新月异，珠江两岸的高楼大厦鳞次栉比．．．．，行人熙来攘往，霓虹灯五光十色。
D．优秀的演讲者，在他们遣词造句的时候，总是苦心孤诣．．．．，字斟句酌，选用蕴含着炽热情感的语言来叩动听众的心扉，引起共鸣。
答案：B解析：B.慷慨解囊：慷慨：豪爽，大方；解囊：解开钱袋拿出钱来。
形容极其大方地在经济上帮助别人。
2017年广东省广州二中中考数学一模试卷(1)及答案
2017年广东省广州二中中考数学一模试卷（1）及答案1.9的平方根是（）A.±3B.±13C.3D.﹣32.下列各式计算正确的是（）A.3a3+2a2=5a6B.2√a+√a=3√aC.a4∙a2=a8D.(a b2)3=ab63.已知一次函数y＝x﹣2，当函数值y＞0时，自变量x的取值范围在数轴上表示正确的是（）A.B.C.D.4.如图，AB∥CD，FE⊥DB，垂足为E，∠1＝50°，则∠2的度数是（）B.50°C.40°D.30°5.有个零件（正方体中间挖去一个圆柱形孔）如图放置，它的左视图是（）A.B.C.D.6.为了了解某班学生每周使用零花钱的情况，小红随机调查了15名同学，结果如下表：则这15名同学每周使用零花钱的众数和中位数分别是（）A.5，4B.20，30D.20，207.我市2013年平均房价为每平方米13000元，连续两年增长后，2015年平均房价达到每平方米15500元，设这两年平均房价年平均增长率为x，根据题意，下面所列方程正确的是（）A.15500 (1+x)2＝13000B.15500 (1−x)2＝13000C.13000 (1+x)2＝15500D.13000 (1−x)2＝155008.如图，在热气球C处测得地面A、B两点的俯角分别为30°、45°，热气球C的高度CD为100米，点A、D、B在同一直线上，则AB两点的距离是（）A.200米B.200√3米C.220√3米D.100(√3+1)米9.如图，在平面直角坐标系中，OABC是正方形，点A的坐标是（4，0），点P为边AB 上一点，∠CPB＝60°，沿CP折叠正方形，折叠后，点B落在平面内点B′处，则B′点的坐标为（）A.2,2√3）,2−√3）B.（32C.（2,4−2√3）,4−2√3）D.（3210.如图，PA，PB切⊙O于A、B两点，CD切⊙O于点E，交PA，PB于C，D．若⊙O的半径为r，△PCD的周长等于3r，则tan∠APB的值是（）√13A.512B.512√13C.35√13D.2311.﹣3的倒数是，﹣3的绝对值是．有意义，则x的取值范围是．12.若代数式√x−1x13.如图，在△ABC中，∠CAB＝70°，将△ABC绕点A按逆时针方向旋转一个锐角α到△AB'C'的位置，连接CC'，若CC'∥AB，则旋转角α的度数为．14.已知关于x的方程x2+bx+a=0有一根是﹣a（a≠0），则a﹣b的值为．15.已知⊙O的半径为5cm，弦AB∥CD，AB＝8cm，CD＝6cm，则AB和CD的距离为．16.如图，在平面直角坐标中，直线l经过原点，且与y轴正半轴所夹的锐角为60°，过点A（0，1）作y轴的垂线l于点B，过点B1作直线l的垂线交y轴于点A1，以A1B⋅BA为邻边作▱AB A1C1；过点A1作y轴的垂线交直线l于点B1，过点B1作直线l的垂线交y轴于点A2，以A2B1⋅B1A1为邻边作▱A1B1A2C2；…；按此作法继续下去，则C n的坐标是．17.解方程组{2x+y=6x−2y=−718.已知：如图，矩形ABCD中，DE交BC于E，且DE＝AD，AF⊥DE于F．求证：AB＝AF．19.如图，图形中每一小格正方形的边长为1，已知△ABC(1)AC的长等于．（结果保留根号）(2)将△ABC向右平移2个单位得到△A′B′C′，则A点的对应点A′的坐标是；(3)画出将△ABC绕点C按顺时针方向旋转90°后得到△A1B1C1，并写出A点对应点A1的坐标？20.一个不透明的袋子中，装有红黑两种颜色的小球（除颜色不同外其他都相同），其中一个红球，两个黑球．(1)小李从口袋中摸出一个球，摸出黑球的概率是多少？(2)小张第一次从口袋中摸出一个球，摸到红球不放回，摸到黑球放回；第二次又从口袋中摸出一个球，则小张第二次摸到黑球的概率是多少？试用树状图或列表法加以说明．21.某市对一段全长2000米的道路进行改造，为了尽量减少施工对城市交通所造成的影响，实际施工时，若每天修路比原来计划提高效率25%，就可以提前5天完成修路任务．(1)求修这段路计划用多少天？(2)有甲、乙两个工程队参与修路施工，其中甲队每天可修路120米，乙队每天可修路80米，若每天只安排一个工程队施工，在保证至少提前5天完成修路任务的前提下，甲工程队至少要修路多少天？22.如图所示，AB是⊙O的直径，AE是弦，C是劣弧AE的中点，过C作CD⊥AB于点D，CD交AE于点F，过C作CG∥AE交BA的延长线于点G．(1)求证：CG是⊙O的切线．(2)求证：AF＝CF．(3)若∠EAB＝30°，CF＝2，求GA的长．23.如图，点A、B分别在函数y1=2x (x>0)与y1=−2x(x<0)的图象上，A、B的横坐标分别为a、b．(1)求△OAB的面积（用含a、b的式子表示）.(2)若△OAB是以AB为底边的等腰三角形，且a+b≠0，求ab的值．24.如图，四边形ABCD为⊙O内接四边形，过点D的直线与直线BA、BC交于点E、F(1)如图1，若BE＝BF，D为EF中点，求证：AD＝CD.DF，tan∠BFE＝√3，P为线段BF上一动点（不与点C重合），连(2)如图2，若DE＝12的值.接PD并作∠PDQ＝∠ADC交BE于Q，当∠DPB＝∠B＝90°时，求AQCP(3)如图3，若DE＝m•DF，BE＝k•BF，P为线段BF上一动点（不与C重合），连接PD 并作∠PDQ＝∠ADC交BE于Q，请用含m、k的式子直接写出AQ的值．CP25.如图，在平面直角坐标系中，抛物线y=a x2+bx−3交x轴于A、B两点，交y轴于点C，其中点B的坐标为（﹣3，0），顶点为（﹣2，1）．(1)求该抛物线的解析式.(2)如图，点P为线段BC上的动点（点P不与C、B重合），以P为顶点作∠OPQ＝45°，射线PQ交线段OC于点Q，当△POQ为等腰三角形时，求此时点P的坐标.(3)若点D为抛物线上位于第二象限内的一个动点，且点D的横坐标m满足m≥﹣2，画出边长为3的正方形DEFG，使DE∥x轴，点F在点D的左下方，那么边EF与直线BC2总有交点，请说明理由．1.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)平方根的估算【详解】(1)9的平方根是：±√9＝±3．故选：A．【答案】(1)A2.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)合并同类项、同底数幂的乘法、二次根式的加减、幂的乘方【详解】(1)A、3a3与2a2不是同类项，不能合并，故本选项错误；B、2√a+√a=3√a，故本选项正确；C、a4∙a2=a6，故本选项错误；D、(a b2)3=a3b6，故本选项错误．故选：B．【答案】(1)B3.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)利用数轴比较大小、一次函数的概念【详解】(1)：∵一次函数y＝x﹣2，∴函数值y＞0时，x﹣2＞0，解得，x＞2，表示在数轴上为：故选：B．【答案】(1)B4.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)垂线、平行线的性质【详解】(1)如图所示，∵FE⊥BD，∴∠FED＝90°，∴∠1+∠D＝90°，∵∠1＝50°，∴∠D＝40°，∵AB∥CD，∴∠2＝∠D＝40°．故选：C．【答案】(1)C5.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)由立体图形到视图【详解】(1)从左边看一个正方形被分成三部分，两条分式是虚线，故C正确；故选：C．【答案】(1)C6.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)中位数、众数【详解】(1)解：这15位同学的零花钱中20元出现次数最多，即众数为20元，中位数为第8位同学的零花钱，即中位数为30元，故选：B．【答案】(1)B7.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)一元二次方程的概念【详解】(1)解：由题意可得，13000 (1+x)2＝15500 ，故选：C．【答案】(1)C8.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)俯角、仰角【详解】(1)∵在热气球C处测得地面B点的俯角分别为45°，∴BD＝CD＝100米，∵在热气球C处测得地面A点的俯角分别为30°，∴AC＝2×100＝200米，∴AD＝=√2002−1002=100√3米，∴AB＝AD+BD＝=100+100√3=100(1+√3)米，故选：D．【答案】(1)D9.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)勾股定理之折叠问题【详解】(1)解：过点B′作B′D⊥OC∵∠CPB＝60°，CB′＝OC＝OA＝4∴∠B′CD＝30°，B′D＝2根据勾股定理得DC＝2√3∴OD＝4−2√3，即B′点的坐标为（2，4−2√3）故选：C．【答案】(1)C10.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)切线的性质、相似三角形的性质、锐角三角函数的性质【详解】(1)连接OA、OB、OP，延长BO交PA的延长线于点F．∵PA，PB切⊙O于A、B两点，CD切⊙O于点E∴∠OAF＝∠PBF＝90°，CA＝CE，DB＝DE，PA＝PB，∵△PCD的周长＝PC+CE+DE+PD＝PC+AC+PD+DB＝PA+PB＝3r，∴PA＝PB＝32r．在Rt△PBF和Rt△OAF中，{∠FAO=∠FBP∠OFA=∠PFB，∴Rt△PBF∽Rt△OAF．∴AF FB=AOBP=r32r=23，∴AF＝23FB，在Rt△FBP中，∵P F2−PB2=FB2∴(PA+AF)2−PB2=FB2∴(32r+23BF)2−(32r)2=BF2，解得BF＝185r，∴tan∠APB=BFPB =185r32r=125，故选：B．【答案】(1)B11.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)绝对值的定义、倒数【详解】(1)﹣3的倒数是−13，﹣3的绝对值是 3，故答案为：−13，3．【答案】(1)−13，3．12.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)分式有无意义的条件【详解】(1)由题意得，x﹣1≥0且x≠0，解得x≥1且x≠0，所以，x≥1．故答案为：x≥1．【答案】(1)x≥1．13.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)旋转及其性质【详解】(1)∵CC′∥AB，∴∠ACC′＝∠CAB＝70°，∵△ABC绕点A按逆时针方向旋转一个锐角α到△AB′C′的位置，∴AC＝AC′，∠CAC′等于旋转角，∴∠AC′C＝∠ACC′＝70°，∴∠CAC′＝180°﹣70°﹣70°＝40°，∴旋转角α的度数为40°．故答案为：40°．【答案】(1)40°．14.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)一元二次方程的概念【详解】(1)根据题意可得：a2−ab+a=0a（a﹣b+1）＝0，∵a≠0，∴a﹣b+1＝0，解得：a﹣b＝﹣1，故答案为：﹣1．【答案】(1)-115.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)垂径定理、勾股定理【详解】(1)如图所示，如图（一），当AB、CD在圆心O的同侧时，连接OA、OC，过O作OE⊥CD于E，交AB 于F，∵AB∥CD，∴OE⊥AB，∵AB＝8cm，CD＝6cm，∴AF＝4cm，CE＝3cm，∴OA＝OC＝5cm，∴OE＝√O C2−CE2=√52−32=4cm，同理，OF＝√O A2−AF2=√52−42=3cm，∴EF＝OE﹣OF＝4﹣3＝1cm；如图（二），当AB、CD在圆心O的异侧时，连接OA、OC，过O作OE⊥CD于E，反向延长OE交AB于F，∵AB∥CD，∴OE⊥AB，∵AB＝8cm，CD＝6cm，∴AF＝4cm，CE＝3cm，∴OA＝OC＝5cm，∴OE＝√O C2−CE2=√52−32=4cm，同理，OF＝√O A2−AF2=√52−42=3cm，∴EF＝OE+OF＝4+3＝7cm．故答案为：1cm或7cm．【答案】(1)1cm或7cm．16.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)平行四边形及其性质、一次函数的应用【详解】(1)∵直线l经过原点，且与y轴正半轴所夹的锐角为60°，∴直线l的解析式为y＝√3x．3∵AB⊥y轴，点A（0，1），∴可设B点坐标为（x，1），将B（x，1）代入y＝√3x，3得1＝√3x，解得x＝√3，3∴B点坐标为（√3，1），AB＝√3．在Rt△A1AB中，∠AA1B＝90°﹣60°＝30°，∠A1AB＝90°，∴A A1＝√3AB＝3，O A1=OA+AA1＝1+3＝4，∵▱AB A1C1中，A1C1=AB=√3，∴C1点的坐标为（−√3，4），即（−√3×40,41）；由√3x=4，解得x=4√3，3∴B1点坐标为（4√3，4），A1B1=4√3．在Rt△A2A1B1中，∠A1A2B1＝30°，∠A2A1B1＝90°，∴A1A2=√3A1B1＝12，O A2=OA1+A1A2＝4+12＝16，∵▱A1B1A2C2中，A2C2=A1B1=4√3，∴C2点的坐标为（−4√3，16），即（−√3×41,42）；同理，可得C3点的坐标为（−16√3，64），即（−√3×42,43）；以此类推，则C n的坐标是（−√3×4n−1,4n）．故答案为（−√3×4n−1,4n）．【答案】(1)（−√3×4n−1,4n）17.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)二元一次方程【详解】(1)方程组利用加减消元法求出解即可．【答案】(1){2x+y=6①x−2y=−7②①×2+②得：5x＝5，解得：x＝1，把x＝1代入①得：y＝4，则方程组的解为{x=1y=4．18.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)全等三角形的应用、矩形的性质【详解】(1)根据已知及矩形的性质利用AAS判定△ADF≌△DEC，从而得到AF＝DC，因为DC＝AB，所以AF＝AB．【答案】(1)证明：∵AF⊥DE．∴∠AFE＝90°．∵在矩形ABCD中，AD∥BC，∠C＝90°．∴∠ADF＝∠DEC．∴∠AFE＝∠C＝90°．∵AD＝DE．∴△ADF≌△DEC．∴AF＝DC．∵DC＝AB．∴AF＝AB．19.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)坐标平面内图形的平移变换、作图-旋转变换(2)坐标平面内图形的平移变换、作图-旋转变换(3)坐标平面内图形的平移变换、作图-旋转变换【详解】(1)AC＝√1+32=√10，故答案为：√10．(2)A点的对应点A′的坐标是（1，2），故答案为：（1，2）．(3)A点对应点A1的坐标为：A1（3，0）．【答案】(1)√10(2)（1，2）(3)（3，0）20.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)树状图法求概率、列表法求概率(2)树状图法求概率、列表法求概率【详解】(1)根据概率公式可得.(2)由于摸到红球不放回、黑球放回，则所得情况不是等可能结果，据此分第一次摸出的是红球、第一次摸出的是黑球A、第一次摸出的是黑球B三种情况，分别计算第二次摸出的球为黑球的概率，从而得出答案．【答案】(1)∵袋子中共有3个球，其中黑球有2个，∴小李从口袋中摸出一个球，摸出黑球的概率是23；(2)若第一次摸出的是红球，则第二次摸出黑球的概率为13×1=13，若第一次摸出的是黑球A，则第二次摸出黑球的概率为13×23=29，若第一次摸出的是黑球B，则第二次摸出黑球的概率为13×23=29，综上，第二次摸出黑球的概率为13+29+29=79．21.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)分式方程的应用、一元一次不等式的应用(2)分式方程的应用、一元一次不等式的应用【详解】(1)设原计划每天修x米，根据原计划的工作时间﹣实际的工作时间＝5，然后列出方程可求出结果，进一步代入得出答案即可；(2)设甲工程队要修路a天，则乙工程队要修路20﹣a天，根据工作总量的和不小于2000列出不等式解决问题即可．【答案】(1)设原计划每天修x米，由题意得2000x −2000x(1+25%)=5解得x＝80，经检验x＝80是原方程的解，则2000x=25天答：修这段路计划用25天．(2)设甲工程队要修路a天，则乙工程队要修路20﹣a天，根据题意得120a+80（20﹣a）≥2000解得a≥10所以a最小等于10．答：甲工程队至少要修路10天．22.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)切线的判定、等腰三角形的判定、垂径定理(2)切线的判定、等腰三角形的判定、垂径定理(3)切线的判定、等腰三角形的判定、垂径定理【详解】(1)连结OC，由C是劣弧AE的中点，根据垂径定理得OC⊥AE，而CG∥AE，所以CG⊥OC，然后根据切线的判定定理即可得到结论；(2)连结AC、BC，根据圆周角定理得∠ACB＝90°，∠B＝∠1，而CD⊥AB，则∠CDB＝90°，根据等角的余角相等得到∠B＝∠2，所以∠1＝∠2，于是得到AF＝CF；(3)在Rt△ADF中，由于∠DAF＝30°，FA＝FC＝2，根据含30度的直角三角形三边的关系得到DF＝1，AD＝√3，再由AF∥CG，根据平行线分线段成比例得到DA：AG＝DF：CF然后把DF＝1，AD＝√3，CF＝2代入计算即可．【答案】(1)证明：连结OC，如图，∵C是劣弧AE的中点，∴OC⊥AE，∵CG∥AE，∴CG⊥OC，∴CG是⊙O的切线；(2)证明：连结AC、BC，∵AB 是⊙O 的直径， ∴∠ACB ＝90°， ∴∠2+∠BCD ＝90°， 而CD ⊥AB ， ∴∠B+∠BCD ＝90°， ∴∠B ＝∠2，∵C 是劣弧AE 的中点，∴ AC ^=CE ^，∴∠1＝∠B ， ∴∠1＝∠2， ∴AF ＝CF ；(3)解：在Rt △ADF 中，∠DAF ＝30°，FA ＝FC ＝2， ∴DF ＝12AF ＝1， ∴AD ＝√3DF ＝√3， ∵AF ∥CG ，∴DA ：AG ＝DF ：CF ，即√3：AG ＝1：2， ∴AG ＝2√3． 23.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)反比例函数系数k 的几何意义、反比例函数的应用 (2)反比例函数系数k 的几何意义、反比例函数的应用【详解】(1)如图，用梯形ABDC 的面积分别减去△AOC 与△BOD 的面积即可(2)根据函数图象上点的坐标特征得A 、B 的纵坐标分别为2a ,−2b ，根据两点间的距离公式得到O A 2=a 2+(2a )2，O B 2=b 2+(−2b)2，，则利用等腰三角形的性质得到出a 2+(2a )2=b 2+(−2b )2，得到(a +b)(b −b)(1−4a 2b 2)=0，由于a+b ≠0，a ＞0，b ＜0，所以1−4a 2b 2=0，易得ab ＝2．【答案】(1)解：作AC ⊥x 轴于C ，BD ⊥x 轴于D ，∴AC ∥BD ∥y 轴，根据题意得A 、B 的纵坐标分别为2a ,−2b ， ∴CD ＝OC+OD ＝a ﹣b ，∴S △AOB =S 梯形ABCD −S △AOC −S △BOD ＝12∙CD ∙(AC +BD)=12(a −b)(2a−2b)=−(a−b)2ab；(2)根据两点间的距离公式得到O A 2=a 2+(2a )2，O B 2=b 2+(−2b )2， ∵△OAB 是以AB 为底边的等腰三角形， ∴OA ＝OB ，∴a 2+(2a )2=b 2+(−2b )2, ∴(a +b)(b −b)(1−4a 2b 2)=0，∵a+b ≠0，a ＞0，b ＜0， ∴1−4a 2b 2=0，∴ab ＝2． 24.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)圆的相关元素 (2)圆的相关元素 (3)圆的相关元素【详解】(1)如图1中，连接BD．由BE＝BF，ED＝DF，推出∠DBE＝∠DBF，推出AD^= CD^，推出AD＝CD(2)如图2中，由△ADQ∽△CDP，推出AQPC =QDDP，由tan∠F＝√3，推出∠F＝60°，由DF＝2DE，设DE＝a，则DF＝2a，DQ＝12a，DP＝√3a，由此即可解决问题．(3)如图3中，作DN⊥BC于N，DM⊥EB于M，连接BD．由△ADQ∽△CDP，推出AQPC=QD DP ，∠AQD＝∠DPC，由△DMQ∽△DNP，推出DQDP=DMDN，推出AQPC=DMDN，由S△EDBS△BDF=12∙EB∙DM12∙BF∙DN=DE DF ，由DE＝m•DF，BE＝k•BF，推出K∙BF∙DMBF∙DN=m∙DFDF，推出DMDN=mk，即可解决问题．【答案】(1)证明：如图1中，连接BD．∵BE＝BF，ED＝DF，∴∠DBE＝∠DBF，∴AD^=CD^，∴AD＝CD．(2)如图2中，∵∠B＝90°，∠B+∠ADC＝180°，∴∠QDP＝∠ADC＝90°，∵DPB＝90°，∴四边形ABPD是矩形，∴∠AQD＝∠DPC＝90°，∵∠ADC＝∠QDP，∴∠ADQ＝∠CDP，∴△ADQ∽△CDP，∴AQPC =QDDP，∵tan∠F＝√3，∴∠F＝60°，∵DF＝2DE，设DE＝a，则DF＝2a，DQ＝12a，DP＝√3a，∴AQPC =12a√3a=√36．(3)如图3中，作DN⊥BC于N，DM⊥EB于M，连接BD．∵∠ADC＝∠QDP，∴∠ADQ＝∠CDP，∵∠DCP＝∠DAQ，∴△ADQ∽△CDP，∴AQPC =QDDP，∠AQD＝∠DPC，∵∠DMQ＝∠DNP，∴△DMQ∽△DNP，∴DQDP =DMDN，∴AQPC =DMDN，∵S△EDBS△BDF =12∙EB∙DM12∙BF∙DN=DEDF，∵DE＝m•DF，BE＝k•BF，∴K∙BF∙DMBF∙DN =m∙DFDF，∴DMDN =mk，∴AQPC =mk．25.【能力值】无【知识点】(1)二次函数的应用(2)二次函数的应用(3)二次函数的应用【详解】(1)利用待定系数法求抛物线的解析式，也可以根据顶点为（﹣2，1）设抛物线的解析式为：y=a(x+2)2+1，再把（﹣3，0）代入即可；(2)分两种情况：①当PQ＝OQ时，如图1，证明△OPQ和△BOC是等腰直角三角形，得PQ是△OBC的中位线，则PQ＝CQ＝OQ＝12OC＝32，可得P的坐标；②当OP＝PQ时，如图2，求得∠OPC＝67.5°＝∠POC，则PC＝OC＝3，作高线PG，根据等腰直角三角形定义可得PG＝CG的长，并计算OG的长，写点P的坐标，并注意点P在第三象限，符号特征；(3)如图只要判断E y>N y>F y即可．【答案】(1)把（﹣3，0）和（﹣2，1）代入抛物线y=a x2+bx−3中得：{9a−3b−3=04a−2b−3=1，解得：{a=−1b=−4，∴抛物线的解析式为：y=−x2−4x−3．(2)分两种情况：①当PQ＝OQ时，如图1，∵∠OPQ＝45°，∴∠POC＝45°，∴△OPQ是等腰直角三角形，∵OB＝OC＝3，∠BOC＝90°，∴△BOC是等腰直角三角形，∴∠BCO＝45°，∴∠OPC＝90°，即OP⊥BC，∴BP＝PC，∵PQ∥BO，∴PQ是△OBC的中位线，∴PQ＝CQ＝OQ＝12OC＝32，∴P（−32,−32）；②当OP＝PQ时，如图2，∵∠OPQ＝45°，∴∠POC＝∠PQO＝180∘−45∘2＝67.5°，∵∠PQO＝∠PCO+∠CPQ，∴∠CPQ＝67.5°﹣45°＝22.5°，∴∠OPC＝45°+22.5°＝67.5°＝∠POC，∴PC＝OC＝3，过P作PG⊥OC于G，∴△PCG是等腰直角三角形，∴PG＝CG=√2=3√22，∴OG＝OC﹣CG＝3−3√22=6−3√22，∴P（−3√22,3√2−62）；综上所述，当△POQ为等腰三角形时，此时点P的坐标是：（−32,−32）或（−3√2,3√2−6）；(3)如图3，设EF与直线BC交于点N，∵点D的横坐标为m，且点D在第二象限，﹣2≤m＜0，又∵正方形DEFG的边长为32，∴点F的横坐标为a，−72<a<−32，易得直线BC的解析式为y＝﹣x﹣3，∴点N的纵坐标−32<N y<12，∵点E的纵坐标−54<E y<34，点F的纵坐标﹣3＜F y＜﹣1，∴E y>N y>F y，∴当m≥﹣2，边EF与直线BC总有交点．。
广东省广州市2016-2017学年第二学期越秀区第二中学九年级摸底考试英语试卷及答案
2016-2017学年第二学期越秀区第二中学九年级摸底考试英语试卷一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
There was a young woman who took great pride in her flower garden. She (1)________ by her grandmother, who taught her to love and (2)________ for flowers. So her flower garden was the (3)________ in her town.One day, while she was looking through a flower list she often ordered, a picture of a plant caught her eyes. “ I ha ve never (4)________ blooms(花) on a flower like that before. I have to get it,” she said to (5)________, and she immediately ordered it.When it arrived, she had already got (6)________ place prepared to plant it. She planted it at the back of her yard. It grew well, with beautiful green leaves all over it, (7)________ there were no blooms. Day after day she continued to water it and feed it. She even talked to it, trying to make it bloom. However, it was useless.Then, one morning weeks later, when standing before the vine, she felt very (8)________ that her plant had not bloomed. She was giving thought to cutting it down and planting (9)________ in its place.It was at this point that her neighbor, whose yard joined hers, called over to her. “Tha nk you so much! You (10)________ imagine how much I have enjoyed the blooms of that vine you planted.” The young woman walked (11)________ the gate into her neighbor’s yard, and sure enough, she saw that on the other side of the wall the vine was full (12)________ blooms.There were indeed the most beautiful blooms (13)________ she had ever seen. The vine had grown through the crevices(缝隙) and it had not flowered on 30 side of the wall, but it had flowered on (14)________ side instead.Sometimes one may not see the good result of his effort, but that doesn’t mean itisn’t (15)________.(1) A. raised B. was raised C. was raising D. is raised(2) A. cared B. care C. caring D. cares(3) A. good B. well C. better D. best(4) A. seen B. saw C. seeing D. to see(5) A. herself B. her C. she D. hers(6) A. a B. an C. the D. /(7) A. and B. so C. or D. but(8) A. disappoint B. disappointed C. disappointing D. to disappoint(9) A. everything else B. else everythingC. something elseD. else something(10) A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. can’t(11) A. through B. across C. above D. below(12) A. with B. of C. at D. in(13) A. what B. who C. where D. /(14) A. other B. others C. the other D. the others(15) A. success B. succeeding C. successful D. successfully二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2016~2017年二中一模数学试题
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5．甲、乙、丙三位同学分别正确指出了某一个函数的一个性质．甲：函数图象经过第一象限；乙：函 数图象经过第三象限；丙：每第一个象限内， y 值随 x 值的增大而减小．根据他们的描述，这个函数表
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6．如图，在平行四边形 ABCD 中，BF 平分 ABC ，交 AD 于点 F ，CE 平分 BCD ，交 AD 于点 E ，AB 7 ， EF 3，则 BC 长为（ ）．
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广州市第二中学2017年第二学期英语一模及答案
广州市第二中学2017年九年级第二学期一模初三年级英语科目试卷满分110分一、语法选择（共15小题每题1分共15分）This was the fourth time this year that Lin was the new kid in school. Four moves in seven months—all because her mother's job kept them moving. She had decided back in December that 1 new friends was a waste of time. She would join no more clubs. She would 2 add no new names to her phone list.3 her first day the teacher Mrs. Leonard welcomed her to the class and assigned a “buddy” to help her and let to find her way around. This time, it was a girl named Marley, or Carly, or something. Lin had stopped paying attention to4 the kids’ names were.Lin knew that she would forget them all, just as 5 kids from all those other schools had probably forgotten her. 6 Mrs. Leonard was giving Lin textbooks, Lin made her decision: at this school, she would be 7 remembered.The next day, Tuesday, instead of 8 the usual jeans and T-shirt, she dressed 9 in a pair of bloomers from an old Raggedy Ann Halloween costume. She didn't brush her hair. On Wednesday, she wore 10 old dress of her mother's, along with soccer cleats. “At least they’ll remember me after we’ve moved away”. she thought on Thursday as she put on a plaid skirt, a T-shirt, and a pile of long beaded necklaces 11 her grandmother had given her to play with.On Friday, they called her mother to school. She was a bit worried about what her mom 12 when she saw her outfit--a hula skirt from a vacation in Hawaii 13 on top of a pair of shabby jeans. From inside the principal's office, she heard her mother and Mrs. Leonard talking.“She'll be so 14 ,” her mother said to Mrs. Leonard in the hallway.” We 15 so often in the last seven months, but t his time we are here to stay. I’ve got a new job in town. Finally, she'll be able to fit in.”（）1.A.make B. made C. making D. makes（）2.A. neither B. also C. as well D. either（）3.A. In B. On C. At D. From（）4.A. what B. how C. which D. why（）5.A. another B. the other C. others D. the others（）6. A. Because B. Unless C. As D. Since（）7. A. clear B. clearly C. clearer D. more clearly（）8. A. wear B. wore C. wearing D. to wear（）9. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself（）10.A. a B. an C. the D. /（）11.A. who B. what C. which D. whose（）12.A. says B. has said C. will say D. would say（）13.A. wore B. was wearing C. was worn D. were worn（）14. A. excite B. excited C. exciting D. excitement（）15. A. moved B. will move C. was moving D. have moved二、完形填空（共10小题每小题1.5分共15分）A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt that he couldn't move. What was the worse was he found himself unable to ask for help—his mobile phone went out of 16 as a result of exhausted battery. Nothing could be done but to 17 in cold wilderness. It was 8 hours later that day when the rescue finally came.It is almost unimaginable that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long. Even more 18 was his explanation: “First of all I checked up my physical 19 and found myself not in fatal danger. As there was no way to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from 20 . In this way I dozed(打盹)off.”His story put an end to my regret for the 21 of an exploration adventure that happened last year. A group of young men trying to explore a mountain cave and got lost. Unable to find a way out in the dark cave, they were frightened and ran 22 without a sense of direction. Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the rescue people that found them, the place where they got lost was only about 10metersaway from the opening of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to 23 themselves, they would probably sense a faint light glimmering not far away.Don't you think that you can compare it with life itself? When you meet with difficulties in life and work, you are lost in darkness. Remind yourself that it's unclear yet and you needn't put up struggle 24 . It seems to be a negative attitude. but a person who can 25 to do so must have foresight as well as a great courage in the first place.（）1.A.work B. order C. service D. control（）2.A. sing B. cry C. stand D. wait（）3.A. encouraging B. surprising C. frightening D. pleasing（）4.A. weakness B. movement C. conditions D. express0ion（）5.A. bleeding B. killing C. spreading D. discovering（）6. A. loss B. failure C. sadness D. conduct（）7. A. excitedly B. determinedly C. effectively D. anxiously（）8. A. feel B. warn C. protect D. calm（）9. A. hopefully B. immediately C. wisely D. carefully（）10.A. prepare B. promise C. afford D. follow三、阅读（共两节满分45分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题每题2分共40分）AWhen my first wartime Christmas came, I was in basic training in New Jersey and not sure if I would make it home for the holidays. Only on the afternoon of December 23 was the list of men who would have the three-day holiday posted. I was one of the lucky soldiers. It was Christmas Eve when I arrived home, and a little snow had fallen. Mother opened the front door. I could see beyond her, into the corner of the living room where the tree had always stood. There were lights, all colors, and ornaments shining against the green of a pine."Where did it come from?" I asked."I asked the Gates boy to cut it," my mother said. "I wouldn't have had one just for myself, but when in great need... such a rush! He just brought it in this afternoon."The pine reached to the proper height, almost to the ceiling, and the Tree Top Crystal Starwas in its place. A few green branches reached out a little awkwardly at the side, I thought, and there was a bit of bare trunk showing in the middle. But the tree filled the room with warm light and the whole house with the pleasant smell of Christmas."It's not like the one you used to find," my mother went on. "Yours were always in good shape. I suppose the Gates boy didn't know where to look for a better one. But I couldn't be fussy.""Don't worry," I told her. "It's perfect."It wasn't, of course, but at the moment I realized something for the first time: All Christmas trees are perfect.26.What did his mother's Christmas tree look like?27. Which of the following is TRUE according to the story?A. One soldier told the writer he would have a three-day holiday for ChristmasB. When the writer got home, the Gates boy was cutting a Christmas treeC. His mother would not complaint for the Christmas tree which looked awkwardD. all the soldiers were lucky to go home for Christmas during the war28. From the passage, we can infer that ______.A. The writer spent his first Christmas during the war.B. the writer didn't like the tree cut by someone elseC. the writer used to cut very beautiful Christmas treesD. his mother didn't want to have a Christmas tree during wartime29. What does the writer mean by saying “All Christmas trees are perfect”?A. Nothing is as perfect as Christmas.B. Once at home, everything is so nice.C. During the war, trees are hard to find.D. All Christmas trees are the most beautiful.30. Which would be the best title for this passage ? ______.A. A Soldier and the Christmas TreeB. How Soldiers Spent Their ChristmasC. The Perfect Christmas TreeD. Christmas and a Special TreeBIn Silicon Valley, it's never too early to become an entrepreneur. Just ask 13-year-old David Moore. The eighth-grader has launched a company last October to develop low-cost machines to print Braille (布莱叶盲文). David built a Braille printer with a Lego Mindstorms EV3 kit as a school science fair project last year after he asked his parents a simple question: How do blind people read? "Google it," they told him. David then did some online research and was shocked to learn that Braille printers cost at least $2,000 — too expensive for most blind readers."I just thought that price should not be there. I know that there is a simpler way to do this," said David, who demonstrated how his printer works at the kitchen table where he spent many late nights building it. David wants to develop a desktop Braille printer that costs around $350 and weighs just a few pounds, compared with current models that can weigh more than 20 pounds. "My end goal would probably be having most of the blind people, using my Braille printer," said David, who lives in the Silicon Valley suburb of Santa Clara, just minutes away from Intel headquarters.After the “Braigo”—a name that combines Braille and Lego--won numerous awards and enthusiastic support from the blind community, David started Braigo Labs last summer with an initial $35,000 investment from his dad. "We as parents started to get involved more, thinking that he's on to something and this new way process has to continue," said his father, Matthew Moore, an engineer who works for Intel.Intel officials were so impressed with David's printer that in November they invested an undisclosed sum in his start-up. They believe he's the youngest entrepreneur to receive venture capital money invested in exchange for a financial stake inthe company. "He's solving a real problem, and he wants togo off and challenge an existing industry," said EdwardRoss, director of Inventor Platforms` at Intel. Now thecompany is using the money to hire professional engineersand advisers to help design and build Braille printers basedon David’s ideas. It aims to have a prototype (样机) readyfor blind organizations to test this summer and have aBraigo printer on the market later this year.31. Which of the followings is Not the description of Braigo?A. The name "Braigo" comes from Braille and Lego.B. The new type of printer is supported by the blind.C. It costs less money and weighs just a few pounds.D. It’s lighter than current Braille printers, but hard to use.32. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A. Intel didn’t announce the amount of money it invested.B. No one else has ever received venture capital from Intel.C. Intel purchased David’s ideas to design and build Braille printers.D. Braigo printers have been on the market and proved a great success.33. Which of the following is the correct order?a. Intel officials invested money in David’s start-up.b. David launched a company.c. David got an initial $35,000 investment from his dad.d. David created a new Braille printer model called Braigo.e. Braigo Labs hired professional engineers and advisers to help design and build BraillePrinters.A. d c b a eB. d b e a cC. b d c e aD. b d e c a34. Which of the following words can best describe David’s personalities?A. Independent and selfless.B. Trustworthy and active.C. Talented and loyal.D. Creative and enthusiastic35. The passage is most probably taken from.A. a science fictionB. a science magazineC. a business advertisementD. a travel journalCWELCOMEWelcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Windsor is one the official residences (住所)of the Queen, who sometimes stays here.Audio toursFree audio tours are available on leaving the Admission Centre at the start of your visit. There is a descriptive audio tour for blind and poor-sighted visitors.Guided toursVisitors can explore the history of the Castle through a tour of the Precincts with an expert guide. Tours depart at regular intervals throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments. Visitors with childrenFor those visiting with children, a special family tour and various activities are offered during school holidays and at weekends. Please note permitted in the State Apartments. However, baby carriers are available to borrow. St George’s ChapelVisitors arriving at the Castle after 15:00 from March to October are advised to visit St George’s Chapel first before it closes.ShoppingShops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. Please ask at the Middle Ward shop about our home delivery service.RefreshmentsBottled water can be purchased from the Courtyard and Middle Ward shops. From April to September ice cream is also available. Visitors wishing to leave the Castle for refreshments in the town may obtain re-entry permits from the castle shops. Eating and drinking are not permitted in the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel. Photography and mobile phonesNon-commercial photography and filming are welcomed in the Castle. Photography, video recording and filming are not permitted inside the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel. Mobile phone must be switched off inside the State Apartments and St George’s Chapel in consideration of other visitors.SecurityAs Winter Castle is a working royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route.36.A visitor can apply for a free audio tour_________.A. before going to the Admission CenterB. at the gate of Windsor CastleC.at the Admission CenterD.at the Tourist Center37.What is specially offered to visitors with kids?A security guard. B. A pushchair. C.A free toy. D.A baby carrier.38.Who can get re-entry permits?A. Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle.B. Visitors buying gifts in the castle shops.C. Visitors buying water from the Courtyard.D. Visitors eating outside St George’s Chapel.39.Who breaks the rules while visiting the Castle?A. Peter eats an ice cream in the Courtyard.B. Tony takes a camera to the Castle.C. Lucy visits St George’s Chape l first when she arrives at the Castle.D. Jane visits the State Apartment with her 8-month-old baby in a pushchair.40.In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one ___.A. still being constructedB. still used by the royal familyC. where the Queen usually worksD. where works of art are on showDTwo friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, "In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence". Given that this is the ease, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive ears, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) : stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well Rude words, name-calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy (策略) for conflict resolution : listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting.Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. Tiffs doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, "64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student co-operation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves'. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.41. From Paragraph 2 we can learn thatA. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtimeB. a small conflict can lead to violenceC. students tend to lose their temper easilyD. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight42. What does the underlined word conflict probably mean?A. 斗争B. 冲突C. 欺凌D. 辱骂43. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?A. To find out who is to blame.B. To get ready to buy new things.C. To make clear what the real issue is.D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match.44. After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that_____.A. the teacher-student relationship greatly improvedB. the stud ents’ sense of responsibility was awokenC. The students could deal with friends and teachers without any difficultyD. there was a decrease in classroom violence45. The writer's purpose for writing this article is to________.A. call for people's attention to school violenceB. teach students different strategies for school lifeC. advocate that schools should teach students how to deal with conflictD. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence第二节阅读填空（共5小题每题1分共5分）Since the great success of cloning the sheep Dolly, the cloning of human beings is no longera fictional story but can be proved to be medically possible. 46 I just want to say: “ No! Never !47 For example, they insist that if we could clone a new Einstein, we would make more progress on physics. and if we could get a new Shakespeare, we would enjoy more profoundclassic literary works and …… But how can we guarantee that another Hitler could not be brought back to life “ thanks to” cloning? Moreover, Can we give birth to a baby who exactly shares your grand grandpa’s genes? We could be confused by that relationship or kinship. 48 Some scientists believe that we can get the organs we need to save people's life from the cloned counterpart, But is it unfair to them? Even if they are not the creatures of nature but of technology, they are a kind of life. 49 I do not suppose this action is humane.50 It is another violation of the natural law. Life should be a circle from birth to death and then re-birth and re-death. Every round of change can breed more varieties of genes. Thereby our human species can live rather than copying ourselves repeatedly, which I would lead to the final retrogression(退化) of human species.A. I do not think we can be granted the right to kill them and take out the organs for our use.B. If we can always replace our old organs with new ones, we will predictably never die,C. Thus, the problem unavoidable arises, should we permit human cloning?D. And in that case, we would find ourselves lost in an embarrassing and disorderly situation.E. Some people maintain that it can save talents.四、写作（共3节满分35分）第一节单词拼写 6分51. I miss my family and really feel l_________ without any friends in this new city.52. It took my sister a long time to d_________ which shoes to buy at the store.53. We must take actions to protect our environment, because of Earth is in d_________.54. It is impolite to e_________ others people's room without knocking at the door.55. T_________ it rained heavily outside, he still arrived at school on time.56. The h_________of using English as much as we can in our daily life is very good for us, because this can help us improve our English quickly.第二节完成句子 14分57. 当我们离开房间的时候，应该要把所有的灯都关了。
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2017年广州市第二中学初三一模考试化学试卷可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 O 16 Na 23 C 12 S 32 Ba 137 N 14 K 39Zn 65 Cl 35.5 Cu 64 Al 27第一部分选择题（共40分）一、选择题（包括20小题，每小题2分，共40分）1．下列描述中肯定发生了化学变化的是（）A．吃完饭后用洗洁精洗碗B．用剪刀在一张A4纸上剪出一个“元”字C．用碳粉复印机复印一模试卷D．将酚酞试液滴入草木灰水中【答案】D【解析】A．洗洁精洗碗利用的是乳化作用，属于物理变化，故A错误；B．剪纸是物理变化，故B错误；C．复印中一般没有产生新物质，不一定发生了化学变化，故C错误；D．酸碱指示剂的显色属于化学变化，故D正确；故选D。
2．实验结束后，如图所示仪器的放置方法正确的是（）【答案】C【解析】A．胶头滴管应垂直放置，否则液体倒流进胶头内造成腐蚀，故A错误；B．酒精灯不用时要及时盖灭，故B错误；C．试管垂直放置，蜡烛可以烘干，故C正确；D．天平不用时应把砝码放回原位，故D错误；故选C。
3．下列关于水的说法正确的是（）A．从苏元山流下的泉水经过静置沉淀、过滤、活性炭吸附等处理后就成为了纯净水B．煮沸是将硬水转化成软水的唯一方法C．水、蛋白质和维生素都是人体必需的营养素D．大量使用农药、化肥、会造成水体污染，所以应禁止使用家药、化肥【答案】C【解析】A．经过以上净化后的水依然有矿物质离子，所以是混合物，故A错误；B．生活上用煮沸，工业上可以蒸馏，故B错误；C．水，蛋白质和维生素都是属于人体所需的六大营养素之一，故C正确；D．农药化肥对于生产生活总体是利大于弊，只要合理利用即可，故D错误；故选C。
4．关于金属的性质，下列推理正确的是（）A．镁条可在空气中燃烧，故铁丝也可在空气中燃烧B．金属Al在空气中放置会生成致密的Al2O3薄膜，所以金属Fe在空气中放置也会生成致密的氧化膜C．武德合金的熔点低，所以熔点低的金属材料都是合金D．生铁比纯铁硬，故黄铜比纯铜硬【答案】D【解析】A．铁丝在空气中只会保持红热不会燃烧，故A错误；B．铁在空气中不能形成致密的氧化膜，只会生锈变成疏松多孔的氧化铁，故B错误；C．部分纯金属的熔点也很低，比如铝，故C错误；D．合金硬度一般比纯金属大，故D正确；故选D。
5．下列关于元素的说法正确的是（）A．NH3、NO2、NaNO2、HNO3四者中N元素化合价逐渐升高B．地壳中O、Si、Al含量是排名前三的三种金属元素C．原子核内质子数不同，元素各类肯定不同D．“2H”表示两个氢元素【答案】D【解析】A．以上四种物质N元素的化合价分别为-3、+4、+3、+5，故A错误；B．O和Si不是金属元素，故B错误；C．质子数决定了元素的种类，故C正确；D．2H表示的是2个氢原子，元素不能说个数，只能说几种，故D错误；故选C。
6．稀硫酸与下列哪种物质反应的类型不同于其他三种（）A．NaOH B．CuO C．CaCO3D．Fe【答案】D【解析】A．稀硫酸与NaOH发生反应生成Na2SO4和水，为复分解反应，故A错误；B．稀硫酸与CuO发生反应生成CuSO4和水，为复分解反应，故B错误；C．稀硫酸与CaCO3发生反应生成CaSO4、CO2和水，为复分解反应，故C错误；D．稀硫酸与Fe发生反应生成FeSO4和氢气，为置换反应，故D正确；故选D。
7．室内植物无土栽培“营养液”中含下列物质，其中属于复合肥料的是（）A．H2O B．(NH4)2SO4C．Ca(NO3)2D．KH2PO4【答案】D【解析】A．不属于肥料，故A错误；B．属于氮肥，故B错误；C．属于氮肥，故C错误；D．有K和P元素，属于复合肥，故D正确；故选D。
8．下列除去杂质（括号内）的方法正确的是（）A．NaCl固体（石灰石）：溶解，过滤，蒸发B．NaOH溶液（Na2CO3）：加适量稀盐酸C．CO(CO2)：通过灼热的氧化铜D．铁粉（氧化铜粉末）：加入足量稀硫酸【答案】A【解析】A．溶解后NaCl溶解了，石灰石是沉淀，所以过滤除去石灰石，蒸发结晶得到NaCl，故A正确；B．稀盐酸会优先与NaOH发生反应，故B错误；C．灼热的氧化铜会导致CO减少，故C错误；D．稀硫酸也会与铁粉发生反应，故D错误；故选A。
9．下列事实和解释相符的是（）A．白磷保存在水中——降低白磷的着火点B．活性炭可以使红墨水褪色——活性炭和墨水中的色素发生了反应C．炉具清洁剂和厕所清洁剂混合使用不能增强清洁效果——发生酸碱中和反应D．干冰可以用于人工降雨——干冰是干的冰，可使水蒸气冷凝成液体【答案】C【解析】A．着火点不能降低，只能说使温度降到着火点以下，故A错误；B．活性炭是吸附色素，属于物理变化，故B错误；C．炉具清洁剂呈碱性，厕所清洁剂呈酸性，故C正确；D．干冰是固态的二氧化碳，不是冰，故D错误；故选C。
10．化学与人体生理健康息息相关，下列叙述错误的是（）A．摄入油脂易使人发胖，为保证身体健康最好不要脂肪B．闻二手烟时吸入的CO会导致人体血红蛋白携氧能力降低，人更容易犯困C．吃加碘食盐有助于预防大脖子病D．用铁锅炒菜可以补充人体所需的微量铁元素【答案】A【解析】A．脂肪是人体的储能物质，也是人体必需的，故A错误；B．CO会导致人体血红蛋白携氧能力下降，故B正确；C．加碘食盐可以预防甲亢，故C正确；D．铁锅炒菜可以给人体补充微量的铁元素，故D正确；故选A。
11．下列关于微粒结构示意图的说法正确的是（）A．①是一种阳离子B．②③属于同种元素C．④带一个正电荷D．②化学性质不活泼【答案】D【解析】A．①是一种阴离子，故A错误；B ．②和③的质子数不同，所以不是同种元素，故 B 错误；C ．④带一个单位的负电荷，故C 错误；D ．②是稀有气体元素，且最外层电子达到稳定结构，故D 正确；故选D 。
12．下列关于Fe 、Fe 2+、Fe 3+的说法中，正确的是（ ）A ．它们的化合价相同B ．它们的质子数和中子数都不同C ．它们的核外电子数不同D ．它们的性质完全相同【答案】C【解析】A ．化合价分别是0、+2、+3，故 A 错误；B ．都是铁元素，质子数没有发生改变，中子数也没改变，故 B 错误；C ．核外电子分别失去了0、2、3个，故C 正确；D ．最外层电子数决定了元素的化学性质，故D 错误；故选C 。
13．化学实验操作的正确与否关系着能否得到可信的实验结论，下列实验操作中，可行的是（ ）A ．可用大理石和稀硫酸实验制备二氧化碳B ．可制成保鲜膜的聚乙烯塑料和可制成炖锅手柄的酚醛塑料能用加热一下看是否熔化的方法来鉴别C ．在空气中敞口放置的氢氧化钠溶液通过滴加酚酞试剂来判断是否发生了变质D ．稀释浓硫酸时，用烧杯装入浓硫酸，往里面倒入水，用玻璃棒不断搅拌【答案】B【解析】A ．大理石和稀硫酸会生成微溶于水的CaSO 4，故A 错误；B ．聚乙烯塑料是热塑性材料，酚醛塑料是热固性材料，故B 正确；C ．变质后产生的碳酸钠溶液为碱性，也能使酚酞变红，故C 错误；D ．浓硫酸稀释要沿着烧杯壁往水中缓缓注入浓硫酸，并用玻璃棒不停搅拌，故D 错误； 故选B 。
14．下列关于碳和碳的氧化物说法正确的是（ ）A ．石墨在高温高压下转化为金刚石是一个物理变化B ．CO 和CO 2在一定条件下可以相互转化C ．木炭（C ）只能还原金属氧化物不能还原非金属氧化物D ．C 60是一种能广泛应用于超导、催化和医学领域的新型化合物【答案】B【解析】A ．石墨和金刚石不是同种物质，产生新物质的是化学变化，故 A 错误；B ．CO 和氧气反应生成CO 2，CO 2与C 高温下生成CO ，故 B 正确；C ．C 能还原CO 2生成CO ，故C 错误；D ．C 60属于单质，故D 错误；故选B 。
15．用高铁酸钠（Na 2FeO 4）对河湖水消毒是城市饮水处理的新技术。
已知反应：2322242Fe O +mNa O nNa FeO +Na O 高温，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．铁元素的化合价由+3价升到+6价B ．该反应涉及的物质都是氧化物C ．化学计量数m=nD ．该反应类型为复分解反应【答案】A 【解析】A ．铁元素的化合价由+3价升到+6价，故 A 正确；B ．Na 2FeO 4不属于氧化物，故 B 错误；C ．利用Na 原子的数目不变，2m=2n+2，故C 错误；D ．该反应不符合复分解反应的定义，故D 错误；故选A 。
16．将少量的生石灰加入到一定质量的饱和石灰水中，溶液的温度升高，再恢复到室温（不考虑水分蒸发），下列说法错误的是（ ）A ．溶质的质量比原溶液的减少了B ．溶剂的质量比原溶液的减少了C ．溶质的质量分数与原溶液相同D ．溶液的质量与原溶液相同 【答案】D【解析】A ．CaO 与水反应生成Ca(OH)2，但是本来是饱和溶液，水被反应后会有对应的溶质析出，所以溶 质质量会减少，故 A 正确；B ．部分溶剂与CaO 反应，所以溶剂质量减少，故 B 正确；C ．由于反应后恢复至原温度，依然是饱和溶液，质量分数不变，故C 正确；D ．溶液的质量减少，故D 错误；故选D 。
17．薄荷醇（化学式为C 10H 20O ）可用于糖果、饮料的加香。
下列有关薄荷醇的说法正确的是（ ）A ．薄荷醇属于氧化物B ．薄荷醇由10个碳原子、20个氢原子和1个氧原子构成C ．薄荷醇中碳元素、氢元素和氧元素的质量比为10：20：1D ．薄荷醇中碳元素的质量分数约为76.9%【答案】D【解析】A ．氧化物是只含氧元素和其他一种元素，故 A 错误；B ．一定要说明一个薄荷醇分子，故 B 错误；C ．那是原子比，而不是质量比，故C 错误；D ．碳元素的质量分数为162012101210++⨯⨯×100%，故D 正确； 故选D 。
18．下列各组物质用稀硫酸不能完全区分开的是（ ）A ．Na 2CO 3溶液、NaCl 溶液、BaCl 2溶液B ．镁粉、氧化铜粉、木炭粉C ．NaOH 溶液、Ba(OH)2溶液、KOH 溶液D ．锌片、铁片、银片【答案】C【解析】A ．稀硫酸与Na 2CO 3反应有气泡，与NaCl 无现象，与BaCl 2反应有沉淀，故 A 错误；B ．稀硫酸与镁粉反应有气泡，与氧化铜反应有蓝色溶液生成，与木炭无明显现象，故 B 错误；C ．稀硫酸与NaOH 反应无现象，与Ba(OH)2反应有沉淀，与KOH 反应无明显现象，故C 正确；D ．稀硫酸与锌片反应，有气泡，生成无色溶液；与铁片反应，有气泡，溶液浅绿色，与银片混合无现象，故D 错误；故选C 。
19．下列图象分别与选项中的操作相对应，其中合理的是（）A．向一定量稀氢氧化钠溶液中滴入水B．向一定量氯化铜溶液中加入一定量铝C．向一定量二氧化锰固体中加入一定量过氧化氢溶液D．向一定量硫酸和硫酸铜混合溶液中滴入氢氧化钠溶液【答案】C【解析】A．碱中加水稀释，pH永远不可能低于7，故A错误；B．根据方程式可知，溶液质量应该会减小，故B错误；C．二氧化锰是充当催化剂，所以质量不会发生改变，故C正确；D．NaOH会与硫酸先发生反应，所以一开始没有沉淀，后面硫酸反应完，NaOH与硫酸铜反应才有沉淀生成，故D错误；故选C。