北京东城高三年级二模英语试卷(2019年5月)—含答案和翻译
东城区2019-2020第二学期高三综合练习（一）英语含答案
a story with mum.As he spoke,with shaking shoulders caused by24and at times sorrow,he transformed from a giant to a man who became my hero. He25that he was on his way home when he heard two men laughing and talking.As he rounded the corner,he heard the most terrible scream of pain.He couldn’t26what he saw.The men had thrown a kitten into a furnace（火炉）.He yelled and ran up to them but it was too 27.He couldn’t save the kitten.The men had run away and he was about to run after them when he saw another kitten at his feet. “We have to28it;we have to keep it!”said the giant. “It needs a29,”said mum. “I can help,Mommy!” Reminded of my presence,mum and my hero sent me off to bed.As I fell asleep,I heard mum running some water. We named the kitten Cinder and it joined our family.I never saw“the giant”again;I only saw my hero and a man whose heart was30than he was. 11.A.greeting B.chatting C.returning D.wandering 12.A.waiting B.escaping C.preparing D.behaving 13.A.model B.hero C.tutor D.friend 14.A.visit B.story C.arrival D.life 15.A.awoke B.listened C.rushed D.dreamed 16.A.straight B.alone C.indoors D.gradually 17.A.keep B.leave C.train D.clean 18.A.appealed B.urged C.indicated D.proposed 19.A.regretful B.hopeless C.unwilling D.terrified 20.A.built B.rolled C.blocked D.welled 21.A.wet B.red C.bright D.fresh 22.A.spread B.placed C.led D.dropped 23.A.discovered B.forgotten C.convinced D.relieved 24.A.fear B.surprise C.anxiety D.anger 25.A.argued B.emphasized C.explained D.summarized 26.A.believe B.prove C.guess D.judge 27.A.bad /doc/d6a49a04e65c3b3567ec102de2bd960591c6d948.html te C.fast D.far 28.A.help B.cure C.feed D.buy 29.A.meal B.rest C.bath D.lift 30.A.lighter B.purer C.warmer /doc/d6a49a04e65c3b3567ec102de2bd960591c6d948.html rger 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A
2018—2019学年度北京市东城区第二学期高三英语综合练习(二模试卷)
2018—2019学年度北京市东城区第二学期高三综合练习（二）英语2019.5第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）AWorld Environment Day is a UN Environment-led global event, 1 takes place on June 5 every year and is celebrated by thousands of communities worldwide. Since it began in 1972, it has grown to become the 2 (large) of all the celebrations of environment each year. China owns half the world’s electric vehicles and 99% of the world’s electric buses. By 3 (host) World Environment Day 2019, the Chinese government will be able to showcase its innovation and progress toward a cleaner environment.BWhy do people want to go to university? For some, it is the desire to learn. At university, you 4 (teach) by lecturers and professors who may be leading experts 5 their fields. The opportunity to learn from them is what drives some people 6 (apply) to university. For others, going to university provides the all-important stepping-stone for their careers. However, for the majority of 7 (west) people, university means freedom from home.CBillions of poor people around the world 8 (depend) on the use of wood for cooking. And as they take more and more firewood from wild areas, they are destroying habitats around the world. Wood collection is one reason why many animals have become endangered.This is 9 Dr. Metcalf spends each summer in Africa. He wants to teach women and children in villages how to cook with the sun. He helped create Solar Cookers International. It’s an organization that introduces solar cookers to developing countries 10 teaches people how to use them.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）Two birthdays, One mistakeZackary Johnson has a birthday coming up in a few days, so it wasn’t surprising to have an envelope addressed to him last week.His mom, Glenda, 11 immediately that it was spelled “Zachary” Johnson. She didn’t find that unusual because many people spell Zackary’s name12 . But the sender’s pre-printed label made her confused. That name didn’t13 up to anyone of her friends or relatives. She asked her husband, “Do you14 this name?” “Nope,” Steve responded and became somewhat15 .Still, they agreed to 16 the envelope to their son to see what was in it. Zack opened it to 17 $20 in a birthday card that s aid “Happy Birthday, Zachary!” He was18 and was ready to go shopping!!However, the 19 increased for Glenda. The card was unsigned. She was wondering why a 20 would send money to her son and 21 he would know it was Zack’s birthday. A variety of scenes can go 22 parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them 23 , but also to protect their son.“I know who that fellow is! He is an old farmer that lives out on Hillberry Road.” Glenda’s dad said when he was informed of the 24 .So the couple quickly drove out into the country and found the house. 25 , no one was home. Steve decided to leave a brief but 26 message that the call should be returned as soon as possible.The next day the old farmer called. The farmer’s great grandson, Zachary Johnson, had recently moved with his parents to Heavenly Drive. That’s the street where Zackary Johnson27 . The farmer was sure surprised by the 28 of events. He figured he’d have to send another card to his grandson. But Zackary Johnson, who is turning eleven years old in a few days, did the right thing. He and his parents 29 their way down Heavenly Drive to the home of Zachary Johnson who is turning four years old in a few days. They 30 Zachary’s great grandfather’s card with the $20. Plus, Zackary Johnson wished Zachary Johnson a very Happy Birthday.11. A. expected B. guessed C. added D. noticed12. A. hesitantly B. incorrectly C. quickly D. naturally13. A. match B. back C. call D. build14. A. sign B. like C. bear D. recognize15. A. embarrassed B. discouraged C. concerned D. ashamed16. A. present B. return C. address D. drop17. A. hold B. find C. reach D. pay18. A. relieved B. relaxed C. amused D. excited19. A. unease B. anger C. regret D. sadness20. A. relative B. friend C. stranger D. farmer21. A. who B. what C. when D. how22. A. over B. beyond C. through D. against23. A. faith B. peace C. satisfaction D. confidence24. A. secret B. crime C. conclusion D. situation25. A. Amazingly B. Unfortunately C. Interestingly D. Undoubtedly26. A. urgent B. updated C. warning D. flexible27. A. walks B. travels C. lives D. moves28. A. turn B. order C. error D. trend29. A. changed B. made C. pushed D. cleared30. A. held B. showed C. delivered D. purchased第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）APreschool girl lifts old man’s spiritsWhen Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing experience.As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she passed an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! It’s my birthday today!” The man stopped and his demeanor changed from distant and serious to warm and friendly. “How old are you today?” the man asked. After some time talking together, Norah asked her mom to take a picture of her with her new friend “Mr Dan”, Dan Peterson, 82. They hugged and after ten minutes went their separate ways. That could have been the end of the story. But it is actually the beginning of a special relationship.Tara posted the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information. It turned out that Mr. Dan’s wife d ied in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since. The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr. Dan smile since the death of his wife. Knowing that, Tara contacted Mr. Dan, and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a friendship unlike any other. “She has shown me a depth of love, a depth that I didn’t know existed,” Mr. Dan told the reporter.Mr. Dan told Tara that before meeting Norah, he hadn’t had one night of uninterrupted sleep. Anxiety kept him up at all hours and made him restless. After meeting Norah, he said he now sleeps soundly. For Mr. Dan’s 82nd birthda y on October 20, the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presents—and, of course, cupcakes. Mr. Dan will also spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family. “If you don’t take the time to notice people, you will never know how you can positively impact a life,” Tara Wood said.31. Mr. Dan looked cold because _____.A. he felt lonelyB. he disliked little kidsC. nobody had hugged himD. he knew little about Norah32. The underlined word “demeanor” in Paragraph 2 probably means _____.A. wordsB. bodyC. thoughtsD. attitude33. How did Tara know more about Mr. Dan?A. From a news reporter.B. From a stranger.C. From a shop assistant.D. From his neighbor.34. What can we learn from the story?A. Giving makes a real difference.B. It is important to respect each other.C. We should not judge a person at first sight.D. Good things will happen if one keeps trying.The STAR Eco Station is an environmental science museum, a wildlife rescue center, and a shelter for endangered and illegally-traded foreign animals confiscated（没收）by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. It carries out the mission “Preservation through Education” by educating visitors about the preservation of the environment and the inter-dependence of all living things.Field tripsSTAR Eco Station hosts field trips for schools and camps throughout Southern California. Each field trip lasts two hours, consisting of a one-hour gathering and a one-hour tour of the facility, with lessons associated with California State Science Standards.Throughout the field trip, students learn about the latest developments in environmental protection and the ways in which wildlife interacts with various ecosystems. The students also receive an up-close and hands-on experience with our rescued foreign wildlife. The tour includes different environmental exhibits that showcase the ways students can help protect animals in the wild.Field trips are offered on weekdays only, from 10 a.m.-12 p.m. or 12 p.m.-2 p.m. The rate is $6 per visitor, both child and adult, with a $120 minimum. We offer one free adult per 10 children for groups of 40 or more. Maximum capacity is 120 people per field trip.Public toursGuided tours of the STAR Eco Station introduce visitors to over two hundred rescued foreign wildlife. Each tour is led by an Eco Station staff member, and features fun animal facts, hands-on animal encounters, surprising rescue stories, environmental exhibits, and original approaches to going green. Visitors may only see the animals on a guided tour, for both your safety and the safety of our animals.The guided tour lasts approximately 45-60 minutes. Visitors are served on a first-come, first-served basis. No reservations are required. However, tours may sell out. We suggest larger groups schedule a private tour.Note:Our regular public tours times are subject to change without notice. Please call in advance for the most up-to-date information.35. The STAR Eco Station aims to ________.A. help research wildlife abroadB. collect money for animal sheltersC. raise awareness of wildlife protectionD. provide a knowledge of unusual animals36. What can students do during a field trip?A. Make a speech on the environment.B. Take part in foreign wildlife rescue.C. Get to know why species get endangered.D. Learn how living things affect each other.37. For a guided tour, visitors should know that _____.A. large groups are served firstB. it is available on weekdaysC. its time could changeD. booking is neededLove the way you walkListen carefully to the footsteps in the family home, and you can probably work out who is walking about. The features most commonly used to identify people are faces, voices and fingerprints. But the way they walk is also a giveaway.Researche rs have used video cameras and computers to analyze people’s gaits, and are now quite good at it. But translating such knowledge into a practical identification system can be tricky. Cameras are often visible, are difficult to set up, require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people. A team led by Dr. Ozanyan and Dr. Scully have been looking for a better way to recognize gait. Their answer: pressure-sensitive mats.Such mats are nothing new. They have been part of security systems. But Ozanyan and Scully use a complicated version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it. These measurements form a pattern unique to the walker. The researchers turned to an artificial-intelligence system to recognize such patterns, and it seemed to work. In a study in 2018, they tested the system on a database of footsteps of 127 people. They found its error rate in identifying who was who was a mere 0.7%. And Scully says even without a database of footste ps to work with, the system can determine someone’s sex and, with reasonable accuracy, a subject’s age.One application of the mat-based gait-recognition system might be in health care, particularly for the elderly. A mat placed in a nursing home or an old person’s own residence could monitor changes in an individual’s gait that indicates certain illnesses. That would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk of falling over.Gait analysis might also be used as a security measure in the workplace, monitoring access to restricted areas, such as parts of military bases, server farms or laboratories dealing with dangerous materials.Perhaps the most interesting use of the mats, though, would be in public places, such as airports. For that to work, the footsteps of those to be recognized would need to have been stored in a database, which would be harder to arrange than the collection of photographs and fingerprints that existing airport security systems rely on. Many aircrew or preregistered frequent flyers would welcome anything that speeded up one of the most tiresome parts of modern travel.38. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?A. Research equipment.B. Research findings.C. Research assumption.D. Research background.39. According to Paragraph 3, the mat is used to _______.A. collect dataB. ensure safetyC. determine ageD. analyse pressure40. The gait-recognition system might be applied to _____.A. monitor security work progressB. detect potential health problemsC. keep track of travelling frequencyD. warn passengers of possible dangers41. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.A. compare and educateB. examine and assessC. discuss and persuadeD. explain and informOvertourism: A growing global problemThe summer holidays are in full swing—and protests againstovertourism have begun in a number of popular European cities.Barcelona, in particular, is at the centre of these mounting concernsabout the rapid growth of tourism in cities, especially during peakholiday periods. In fact, there were 30 million overnight visitors in2017, compared to a resident population of 1,625,137 in Barcelona.While many tourists want to “live like a local” during theirvisits, the residents of many tourism-dependent destinations are seeing the unique sense of place that characterised their home towns vanish beneath a wave of souvenir shops, crowds, tour buses and noisy bars. Overtourism is harming the landscape, damaging beaches, and pricing residents out of the housing market. It is a hugely complex issue that is often oversimplified.It can have an impact in multiple ways. The international cruise(游轮) industry, for example, delivers thousands of passengers daily to destination ports. While comparatively little is returned to communities, cruise activity creates physical and visual pollution.City residents also bear the cost of tourism growth. As cities transform to offer service to tourists, the global travel supply chain advances. This goes with increasing property speculation(房产投机) and rising costs of living for local communities. Airbnb, for example, has been accused of reducing housing affordability and displacing residents.In addition, overcrowding and the establishment of typical tourism-focused businesses, such as clubs, bars and souvenir shops, overpower local businesses—and noisy and unmanageable tourist behaviour is common. This weakens the uniqueness of destinations and leads to crowd and waste management pressures.Clearly, tourism brings jobs, investment and economic benefits to destinations. But overtourism occurs when tourism expansion fails to acknowledge that there are limits. Local government and planning authorities have so far been powerless to deal with the irresistible influence of the global tourism supply chain. This has led to widespread “tourist-phobia”—first described by Manuel Delgado more than a decade ago as a mixture of rejection, mistrust and disrespect for tourists.Dealing with overtourism must now be a priority. Managing the flow of tourists seems an improbable and unwelcome task. But some cities have taken extreme measures to limit the effects of overtourism, including the introduction of new or revised taxation arrangements, fines linked to new local laws, and “demarketing”, whereby destinatio ns focus on attracting fewer, high-spending and low impact tourists, rather than large groups.Overtourism is a shared responsibility. City administrators and destination managers must acknowledge that there are definite limits to growth. Putting the wellbeing of local residents above the needs of the global tourism supply chain is vital. Primary consideration must be given to ensuring that the level of visitation fits within a destination’s capacity. We need to urgently rethink the way cities are evolving to uphold the rights of their residents.42. Why is Barcelona mentioned in Paragraph 1?A. To describe how unique the city is.B. To warn people away from popular cities.C. To show how crowded a destination can be.D. To compare the number of visitors to that of locals.43. What is the problem of overtourism?A. It has destroyed local businesses.B. It has led to higher living expenses.C.It has increased the unemployment rate.D. It has caused mistrust among local communities.44. The reason for overtourism is that _______.A. destinations misjudge their capacityB. tourists lack a sense of responsibilityC. governments fail to support the supply chainD. tourists’ travelling preference is oversimplified45. According to the writer, what should the local governments do?A. Take full advantage of tourism.B. Guarantee local people’s welfare.C. Advocate a ban on global tourism.D. Control tourism-related businesses.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）A cultural view on personal spaceIt’s a well-known fact that the British prefer a large “bubble” of personal space around them.46 And in South America, a friend may grab you by the arm during conversation to make their point.Now, a study published in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology has looked into why different cultures have such different approaches to personal space.47 They developed an earlier study that divided individuals into “contact” and “non-contact” cultures. Contact cultures—southern European, Latin American and Arabian—engaged in more touching and stood closer during conversation than non-contact cultures in northern Europe, North America and parts of Asia.To a degree, this proved correct. Argentina becomes known as the most touchy-feely nation; people here keep the same distance from a stranger as a British person would an acquaintance and a Canadian individual a close friend or partner. 48 They come out with the widest distance you should stand from a stranger—more than 1.3m—but one of the narrowest gaps for close friends, just 40cm, compared to nearly 60cm for a British person. So the theory of warm versus cold is not as straightforward as it sounds.49 The higher a country’s average temperature, the closer people will stand to a stranger. But older people in warm climates keep a bigger distance from close friends and stand closer to strangers; women generally keep a greater distance from someone they don’t know.The academics leading this study admit that there is a lot more to do. But what we do know is to keep your distance in Canada; prepare for a hug in Argentina. 50 They like to stand closer than anybody. To keep warm, perhaps.A. It’s important to get the distance right, though.B. Romanians clearly take longer to establish trust.C. How close we stand to other people varies widely between countries.D. And if you end up on good terms with a Norwegian, don’t draw back.E. However, in India people will pack into trains and buses without a second thought.F. One theory the researchers wanted to test was whether climate affects personal space.G. The study certainly found that climate, age and gender have an effect on personal distance across cultures.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学学生李华。
北京市东城区2019届高三第二学期综合练习(一)英语试题
北京市东城区2019学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）英语试题本试卷共1 2页，共1 50分。
考试时间l 20分钟。
注意事项：1．考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
2．答题前考生务必将答题卡上的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写。
3．答题卡上选择题必须用2 B铅笔作答，将选中项涂满涂黑，黑度以盖住框内字母为准，修改时用橡皮擦除干净。
非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，未在列应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，共7．5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1．What does the man want to drink?A．Tea．B．Coffee．C．Hot water．2．Which cake does the man order?3．Where are the speakers?A．In the hotel．B．In the cinema．C．At the airport．4．What’s the man probably doing?A．Driving a car．B．Reading a map．C．Looking for a gas station．5．How does the man feel after retirement?A．Lonely．B．Depressed．C．Relaxed．第二节（共15小题；每题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2019年北京市东城区高考二模英语试题(带答案解析)
The STAR Eco Station is an environmental science museum, a wildlife rescue center, and a shelter for endangered and illegally-traded foreign annuals confiscated （没i|攵）by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sendee .It carries out the missionuPreseivation through Education,7by educating visitors about tlie preservation of the environment and the inter-dependence of all living thmgs.
Why do people want to go to university? For some, it is the desire to learn. At uiiiveisity, you4.(teach) by lecturers and professors who may be leadmg expens5.their fields. The oppoitunity to leain from them is what drives some people 6^_ (apply) to uiiiveisity. For others, going to umveisity provides tlie all-uupoitant steppmg -stone for their careers. However, for the niajoiity of7.(west) people, umveisity means freedom from home.
北京市东城区2019届高三下学期综合练习(一)英语试卷(含解析)
北京市东城区2018—2019学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）英语试题本试卷共10页，共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
ATons of waste is being left on Mount Qomolangma by a ___1___ (grow) number of visitors, which bothers many people. A team will deal with the task ___2___ the climbing season ends this May, by which time there will be fewer visitors. Garbage ___3___ (collect) on Qomolangma requires two to three years of training, according to Cering Dandar, a mountaineer and guide.【答案】1. growing2. when/after3. collection【解析】这是一篇说明文。
讲述了珠穆拉玛峰上随着游客增多而带来的成吨的垃圾困扰了许多人。
【1题详解】考查形容词。
句意：越来越多的游客在珠穆朗玛峰上留下了大量的垃圾，这让很多人感到困扰。
number为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填growing。
【2题详解】考查连词。
句意：一个团队将在今年5月登山季节结束后处理这项任务。
表示“在五月登山季节结束之后”应用after；也可以填when，表示“当五月登山季节结束时”，引导时间状语从句。
最新北京东城高三二模英语试卷(2019年5月)—完形填空和阅读理解CD篇
2019年北京市东城区高三二模2019年5月第二节完形填空Two birthdays, One mistakeZackary Johnson has a birthday coming up in a few days, so it wasn’t surprising to have an envelope addressed to him last week.His mom，Glenda，__________(11) immediately that it was spelled “Zachary” Johnson. She didn’t find that unusual because many people spell Zackary’s name __________(12). But the sender’s pre-printed label made her confused. That name didn’t __________(13) up to anyone of her friends or relatives. She asked her husband, “Do you __________(14) this name? “”Nope,” Steve responded and became somewhat __________(15).Still, they agreed to __________(16 the envelope to their son to see what was in it. Zack opened it to __________(17 $20 in a birthday card that said “Happy Birthday, Zachary!” He was 18 and was ready to go shopping!!However, the __________(19 increased for Glenda. The card was unsigned. She was wondering why a __________(20) would send money to her son and 21 he would know it was Zack’s birthday. A variety of scenes can go __________(22 parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them __________(23 , but also to protect their son.“I know who that fellow is! He is an old farmer that lives out on Hillberry Road.” Glenda’s dad said when he was informed of the __________(24 .So the couple quickly drove out into the country and found the house. __________(25 , no one was home. Steve decided to leave a brief but 26 message that the call should be returned as soon as possible.The next day the old farmer called. The farmer’s great grandson, Zachary Johnson, had recently moved with his parents to Heavenly Drive. That’s the street where Zackary Johnson __________(27 . The farmer was sure surprised by the 28 of events. He figured he’d have to send another card to his grandson. But Zackary Johnson, who is turning eleven years old in a few days, did the right thing. He and his parents 29 their way down Heavenly Drive to the home of Zachary Johnson who is turning four years old in a few days. They 30 Zachary’s great grandfather’s card with the $20. Plus, Zackary Johnson wished Zachary Johnson a very Happy Birthday.11. A. expected B. guessed C. added D. noticed12. A. hesitantly B. incorrectly C. quickly D. naturally13. A. match B. back C. call D. build14. A. sign B. like C. bear D. recognize15. A. embarrassed B. discouraged C. concerned D. ashamed16. A. present B. return C. address D. drop17. A. hold B. find C. reach D. pay18. A. relieved B. relaxed C. amused D. excited19. A. unease B. anger C. regret D. sadness20. A. relative B. friend C. stranger D. farmer21. A. who B. what C. when D. how22. A. over B. beyond C. through D. against23. A. faith B. peace C. satisfaction D. confidence24. A. secret B. crime C. conclusion D. situation25. A. Amazingly B. Unfortunately C. Interestingly D. Undoubtedly26. A. urgent B. updated C. warning D. flexible27. A. walks B. travels C. lives D. moves28. A. turn B. order C. error D. trend29. A. changed B. made C. pushed D. cleared30. A. held B. showed C. delivered D. purchased第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）CLove the way you walkListen carefully to the footsteps in the family home, and you can probably work out who is walking about. The features most commonly used to identify people are faces, voices and fingerprints. But the way they walk is also a giveaway.Researchers have used video cameras and computers to analyze people’s gaits, and are now quite good at it. But translating such knowledge into a practical identification system can be tricky. Cameras are often visible, are difficult to set up, require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people. A team led by Dr. Ozanyan and Dr. Scully have been looking for a better way to recognize gait. Their answer: pressure-sensitive mats.Such mats are nothing new. They have been part of security systems. But Ozanyan and Scully use a complicated version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it. These measurements form a pattern unique to the walker. The researchers turned to an artificial-intelligence system to recognize such patterns, and it seemed to work. In a study in 2018, they tested the system on a database of footsteps of 127 people. They found its error rate in identifying who was who was a mere 0.7%. And Scully says even without a database of footsteps to work with, the syst em can determine someone’s sex and, with reasonable accuracy, a subject’s age.One application of the mat-based gait-recognition system might be inhealth care, particularly for the elderly. A mat placed in a nursing home or an old person’s own residence c ould monitor changes in an individual’s gait that indicates certain illnesses. That would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk of falling over.Gait analysis might also be used as a security measure in the workplace, monitoring access to restricted areas, such as parts of military bases, server farms or laboratories dealing with dangerous materials.Perhaps the most interesting use of the mats, though, would be in public places, such as airports. For that to work, the footsteps of those to be recognized would need to have been stored in a database, which would be harder to arrange than the collection of photographs and fingerprints that existing airport security systems rely on. Many aircrew or preregistered frequent flyers would welcome anything that speeded up one of the most tiresome parts of modern travel.38. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?A. Research equipment.B. Research findings.C. Research assumption.D. Research background.39. According to Paragraph 3, the mat is used to _______.A. collect dataB. ensure safetyC. determine ageD. analyse pressure40. The gait-recognition system might be applied to _____.A. monitor security work progressB. detect potential health problemsC. keep track of travelling frequencyD. warn passengers of possible dangers41. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.A. compare and educateB. examine and assessC. discuss and persuadeD. explain and informDOvertourism: A growing global problem The summer holidays are in full swing—and protests against overtourism have begun in a number of popular European cities. Barcelona, in particular, is at the centre of these mounting concerns about the rapid growth of tourism in cities, especially during peak holiday periods. In fact, there were 30 million overnight visitors in 2017, compared to a resident population of 1,625,137 in Barcelona.While many tourists want to “live like a local” during their visits, the residents of many tourism-dependent destinations are seeing the unique sense of place that characterised their home towns vanish beneath a wave of souvenir shops, crowds, tour buses and noisy bars. Overtourism is harming the landscape, damaging beaches, and pricing residents out of the housing market. It is a hugely complex issue that is often oversimplified.It can have an impact in multiple ways. The international cruise(游轮) industry, for example, delivers thousands of passengers daily to destination ports. While comparatively little is returned to communities, cruise activity creates physical and visual pollution.City residents also bear the cost of tourism growth. As cities transform to offer service to tourists, the global travel supply chain advances. This goes with increasing property speculation(房产投机) and rising costs of living for local communities. Airbnb, for example, has been accused of reducing housing affordability and displacing residents.In addition, overcrowding and the establishment of typical tourism-focused businesses, such as clubs, bars and souvenir shops, overpower local businesses—and noisy and unmanageable tourist behaviour is common. This weakens the uniqueness of destinations andleads to crowd and waste management pressures.Clearly, tourism brings jobs, investment and economic benefits to destinations. But overtourism occurs when tourism expansion fails to acknowledge that there are limits. Local government and planning authorities have so far been powerless to deal with the irresistible influence of the global tourism supply chain. This has led to widespread “t ourist-phobia”—first described byManuel Delgado more than a decade ago as a mixture of rejection, mistrust and disrespect for tourists.Dealing with overtourism must now be a priority. Managing the flow of tourists seems an improbable and unwelcome task. But some cities have taken extreme measures to limit the effects of overtourism, including the introduction of new or revised taxation arrangements, fines linked to new local laws, and “demarketing”, whereby destinations focus on attracting fewer, high-spending and low impact tourists, rather than large groups.Overtourism is a shared responsibility. City administrators and destination managers must acknowledge that there are definite limits to growth. Putting the wellbeing of local residents above the needs of the global tourism supply chain is vital. Primary consideration must be given to ensuring that the level of visitation fits within a destination’s capacity. We need to urgently rethink the way cities are evolving to uphold the rights of their residents.42. Why is Barcelona mentioned in Paragraph 1?A. To describe how unique the city is.B. To warn people away from popular cities.C. To show how crowded a destination can be.D. To compare the number of visitors to that of locals.43. What is the problem of overtourism?A. It has destroyed local businesses.B. It has led to higher living expenses.C. It has increased the unemployment rate.D. It has caused mistrust among local communities.44. The reason for overtourism is that _______.A. destinations misjudge their capacityB. tourists lack a sense of responsibilityC. governments fail to support the supply chainD. tourists’ travelling preference is oversimplified45. According to the writer, what should the local governments do?A. Take full advantage of tourism.B. Guarantee local people’s welfare.C. Advocate a ban on global tourism.D. Control tourism-related businesses.。
完整word版2019北京市各区县高三二模英语试题语法填空
2019北京市各区县高三二模英语试题语法填空2019海淀二模ATo me, the most beautiful thing is the ocean. It is beautiful because it has a calming effect. When1 (listen) to the sound of the waves, I feel peaceful.2 the age of 10, I went to the beachfor the first time. With my feet in the water, I felt totally relaxed, and the sound of the ocean really3 (comfort) me. From then on, I often dream of floating in the ocean, feeling carefree.BDiscovering yourself plays 4 important role in inspiring your confidence. By doing so,you could know 5 you are weak in. And you may also realize you're quite a great person with great strengths. So when you're in a hard situation, you will believe in 6 (you) and spend themost difficult time with confidence. Otherwise you may give up and then lose everything. Therefore, the ability 7 (trust) yourself will decide your future a lot.Cth anniversary of China's reform and opening-marks The year 2018 the 40up. The past fourdecades has seen China shift its society from a farmers' community to a digital culture 8 (successful). Under the leadership of CPC, many 9 (achievement) can be seen in every field.The life of the Chinese people has improved, with millions of people being lifted out of poverty. The country now has the world's 10 (large) high-speed rail network. And with around 800 millionInternet users, China has become the world's fastest-growing online shopping market.2019西城二模AWhen I was in high school our physics teacher gave us a challenge 1 involved making apaper airplane of any shape. The only objective was to get it to fly as far as possible. 2 (stand) atthe starting line, one of my classmates took a piece of flat paper, crumpled (把…捏成一团) it up, and 3 (throw) it down the way. He beat the class with ease. Some of the students got mad and said thathe cheated, but the physics teacher 4 (clear) explained it could be any shape and that a paperball was indeed a shape.BBuildings around the world 5 (go) dark for 60 minutes this evening in a voluntary eventknown as Earth Hour. This grassroots effort started in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, and has since grown into 6 global movement to raise awareness of our energy consumption and the effects of climatechange on our planet. Anyone can participate in this movement 7 switching off the lights at 8:30PM local time. Last year close to 18,000 landmark buildings switched off their lights in 188 countries. Will you dim your lights tonight?1CThe story of Chinese fashion began in 2011 when Feiyue and Huili, both Chinese sneaker brands, suddenly gained international attention. Their products 8 (see) on models all over the worldthen. Last year, Chinese sportswear brand LI-NING was at the New York Fashion Week in September with new designs 9 (decorate) with Chinese characters. Now the Chinese brands are impressiveand ambitious and can go head to head with foreign brands. And this ambition may be due to the fact that China's young people are now more confident about 10 (they) own culture.2019东城二模AWorld Environment Day is a UN Environment-led global event, 1 takes place on June 5every year and is celebrated by thousands of communities worldwide. Since it began in 1972, it has grown to become the 2 (large) of all the celebrations of environment each year. China owns halfthe world's electric vehicles and 99% of the world's electric buses. By 3 (host) World Environment Day 2019, the Chinese government will be able to showcase its innovation and progress toward a cleaner environment.BWhy do people want to go to university? For some, it is the desire to learn. At university, you4 (teach) by lecturers and professors who may be leading experts5 their fields. The opportunity to learn from them is what drives some people6 (apply) to university. For others,going to university provides the all-important stepping-stone for their careers. However, for the majority of 7 (west) people, university means freedom from home.CBillions of poor people around the world 8 (depend) on the use of wood for cooking. Andas they take more and more firewood from wild areas, they are destroying habitats around the world.Wood collection is one reason why many animals have become endangered.This is 9 Dr. Metcalf spends each summer in Africa. He wants to teach women andchildren in villages how to cook with the sun. He helped create Solar Cookers International. It's an organization that introduces solar cookers to developing countries 10 teaches people how to usethem.2019朝阳二模AMy trip to Paris was so memorable. First of all, the hotel was fantastic. It overlooked the Seine,the famous river I __1__ (read) about in so many poems. We listened to the laughter of the children and watched the river run by __2__ (slow) below. Next, Montmartre was a wonderful place for2painters. The air was filled with the sounds of happy people and the smell of paint. __3__ I enjoyed most were the cafes. There I had a cup of coffee and watched people on the street. Everyone had a sense of style.BFootball is a popular sport with fans all over the world. There is, however, an indoor version ofthe game __4__ (know) as “table football”. It was invented in 1921 and people__5__ (get) great pleasure from it since then. The game is played on a special table. Players control their “team”by turning sticks, to which the “players”are attached. As in real football, __6__ (point) will be awarded when putting the ball in the other players' goal. Table football requires using hands and eyes together excellently, which is really exciting.CShark attacks can be deadly, but they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than10 people worldwide, and about 100 people __7__ (injure). You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea __8__ tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. However, people are dangerous to sharks, too. 60 million sharks are killed __9__ food and medicine every year. As a result, some kinds of sharks may die out completely. __10__ (protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs to help them survive.2019丰台二模AThere was a farmer who always sold a pound of butter to a baker. One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see if he was getting a pound and found that he was not. This angered 1(he), so he took the farmer to court. The judge asked the farmer 2 he had a measuring tool.The farmer replied, “I have a pair of scale. I have been buying a pound of bread from him. Whenthe baker 3 (bring) me the bread, I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight ofbutter. ”BParrots are found in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. They usually live 4 largegroups and because they like to eat fruit, they are sometimes a problem for farmers. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, which they use for 5 (climb)and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are 6 (noise), but theyare clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see the birds doing things they have learned.CKite flying is popular around China. It is known as zhiyuan, as kites were made of paper 7 when they fly, they are like eagles. Kites 8 (use) for military purpose in the beginning. Later kite flying gradually became a very popular recreational activity. In the past, people 9 (fasten)a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite. While flying through the wind, it made sound like the music10 (produce) by guzheng, a traditional Chinese musical instrument. Therefore, it has its modern3name as fengzheng.2019昌平二模AI love music. When I was 16, I formed my first band called “Frog”. At the beginning, we depended 1 playing instruments in the street to earn money. Then we wore false beardspretending to be famous musicians. In addition, we added humorous acts to our performances and played jokes on one another. Soon, our “funny jazz”became famous and we 2 (invite) toperform everywhere. Afterwards, we made a record in a studio. About one million 3 (copy)were sold and we became rich and popular.BV oyages of people from England played 4 important part in spreading the Englishlanguage. At present, English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries. 5 （base）on British English, English spoken in these countries can be understoodwell by native English speakers. But actually, English has been changing 6 (gradual) interms of accents, spellings, expressions and vocabulary usage. Because of these facts, you can recognize the differences and tell from which country a foreigner comes.CCharlie Chaplin was an extraordinary performer 7 acted in and directed manyoutstanding comedies. Few were bored in 8 (watch) his moustache, his gestures or hisentertaining reactions when chased by detectives. Being drunk, sliding on a banana peel or whispering his own failures to nobody, he made 9 (we) feel more satisfied with our life without evenhaving to use one word. His unique sense of humor 10 (astonish) people across the world even till this day.2019延庆二模AAt my first class in the Forks High School, Mr. Banner, my English teacher sent me to an emptydesk at the back without 1 (introduce) me to the class. It was harder for my new classmates2 (stare) at me in the back, but somehow, they managed. I kept my eyes down on the reading list the teacher had given me. It was3 (fair) basic: Bronte, Shakespeare, Chaucer, Faulkner. I'dalready read everything. That was comforting…and boring.BYour teeth may be part of your smile, 4 they have a more important job—they are the firststep in the process of digestion. You have three 5 (kind) of teeth. In the very front of yourmouth are eight flat, thin teeth called incisors. They are used for cutting and biting food. Next to these are pointed teeth called canines, 6 also help you tear food. The remaining teeth are molars.These teeth have flat tops for crushing and grinding the food.4CThe Beijing Vanke-Shijinglong Ski Resortis located 7 Yanqing District, a national demonstration area for ecological construction. With Longqing Gorge to its east and Guanting Reservoir to its west, it has fresh air and an 8 (impress) environment. 9 (build)in 1999, it was the first large ski resort to be built near Beijing. In 2016,a massive renovation project 10 (start) by Vanke, the Beijing Badaling Tourism General Company, and the original BeijingShijinglong Ski Resort.2019顺义二模AWhich sea animal is 1 (good) at escaping? The answer may be the octopus(章鱼). Anoctopus' body is very soft. There are no bones in it. The small animal has just two little hard parts in2 (it) mouth. So it can go into very small spaces. An octopus weighing about 230g can pass 3a 2.5cm-wide hole.BI lost my wallet after going shopping last Friday evening. But I didn't realize it was missing untilfive hours later. I couldn't remember 4 I lost it. I stayed up all night and worried about my wallet. The next day, I went back to the shops that I 5 (visit) and asked about my wallet. Amanager at one store came over and said, “Someone turned this in last night. We thought you might come back to look for it, 6 we kept it for you.”CWhen I was a child, I was a picky eater. There were many 7 (food) that I didn't like to eat.But there is one meal I have always loved: grilled（烤的）cheese and tomato soup. It's just two pieces of toasted bread with cheese in the middle, 8 (serve) with a bowl of tomato soup. This kind offood 9 (call) “comfort food”. “Comfort food”is simple, easy-to-make and delicious. It always 10 (taste) great. Your parents might make meals like this for you when you are not feeling well.参考答案2019海淀二模1. listening2. At3. comforted4. an5. what6. yourself/yourselves7. to trust8. successfully9. achievements 10. largest2019西城二模1．that/which 2．Standing 3．threw 4．clearly 5．will go/are going6．a 7．by 8．were seen 9．decorated 10．their52019东城二模1. which2. largest3. hosting4. will be taught5. in10. and 8. depend 9. why 6. to apply 7. western2019朝阳二模5. have got 4. known 2. slowly 1. had read 3. What10. To protect 7. are injured 8. where 6. points 9. for2019丰台二模1. him2. if/whether3. brings4. in5. climbing6. noisy7. and8. were used9. fastened 10. produced2019昌平二模1. on/upon2. were invited3. copies4. an5. Based6. gradually7. who/that8. watching9. us 10. has astonished2019延庆二模1. introducing2. to stare3. fairly4. but5. kinds6. which7. in8. impressive9. Built 10. was started顺义二模2019 5. had visited 3. through 2. its 4. where1. best 10. tastes 6. so7. foods 8. served9. is called6。
[2019][北京市高三二模英语分类汇编--七选五]
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2019年北京高考二模分类汇编--七选五1. 2019东城二模A cultural view on personal spaceIt’s a well-known fact that the British prefer a large “bubble” of personal space around them. 46 And in South America, a friend may grab you by the arm during conversation to make their point.Now, a study published in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology has looked into why different cultures have such different approaches to personal space.47 They developed an e arlier study that divided individuals into “contact” and “non-contact” cultures. Contact cultures—southern European, Latin American and Arabian—engaged in more touching and stood closer during conversation than non-contact cultures in northern Europe, North America and parts of Asia.To a degree, this proved correct. Argentina becomes known as the most touchy-feely nation; people here keep the same distance from a stranger as a British person would an acquaintance and a Canadian individual a close friend or partner.48 They come out with the widest distance you should stand from a stranger—more than 1.3m—but one of the narrowest gaps for close friends, just 40cm, compared to nearly 60cm for a British person. So the theory of warm versus cold is not as straightforward as it sounds.49 The higher a country’s average temperature, the closer people will stand to a stranger. But older people in warm climates keep a bigger distance from close friends and stand closer to strangers; women generally keep a greater distance from someone they don’t know.The academics leading this study admit that there is a lot more to do. But what we do know is to keep your distance in Canada; prepare for a hug in Argentina. 50 They like to stand closer than anybody. To keep warm, perhaps.A. It’s important to get the distance right, though.B. Romanians clearly take longer to establish trust.C. How close we stand to other people varies widely between countries.D. And if you end up on good terms with a Norwegian, don’t draw b ack.E. However, in India people will pack into trains and buses without a second thought.F. One theory the researchers wanted to test was whether climate affects personal space.G. The study certainly found that climate, age and gender have an effect on personal distance across cultures.Healthy See, Healthy DoVisit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. The location of store displays (摆放) also influences our shopping choices. 46The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks. 47 A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods.48 It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. “We know that the stores are full of cues (暗示) meant to encourage consumption,” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department, “Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products.”Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city’s crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. 49 Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks.Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines.5 The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.The potential influence may seem small, but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines would open customers’ eyes to nutritious, lower-calorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City.A. These foods give people more energy.B. They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.C. And it may make or break some healthy eating habits.D. The supermarkets began to offer nutritious, lower-calorie foods.E. These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health.F. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.G. And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options canchange customer behavior.Exam AnxietyHas this ever happened to you? You’ve been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. 46Everyone feels stressed during exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. 47 You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has “gone blank” on information you know you have revised.48 Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don’t review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don’t try and then you fail, you won’t feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? 49 Yes, this seems obvious, but it’s worth repeating. If you feel confident that you’ve prepared thoroughly, you’ll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety. 50 You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating(分配) your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you’ll spend on each section. If there’s time to recheck, even better.A. The first thing you should do is to be prepared.B. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.C. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you’re not alone!D. Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.E. Realizing time is almost up and that there’s still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.F. However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.G. After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.Films and computer gamesIn just a few decades the gaming industry has become much bigger than the film business. What is called “interactive entertainment” makes more money than Hollywood cinema. Is there any way of making films more appealing to people who like to play computer games?Making a film out of a best-selling computer game can guarantee a large audience. ___46___ Nowadays films are made with similar ones. They have attractive action scenes relying on fantasy effects as well. Gaming markets consist of science-fiction games, and film-makers have also set films in science-fiction worlds. ___47___ Any attempt to borrow more than the setting from a game is certain to fail.Why do gamers feel disappointed by films based on their favorite games? One of the reasons is technical. Now everything can be computer-produced. ___48___ However, filming a scene from 20 different cameras would cost a fortune, so it simply isn’t done in the film version—leaving the gamers feeling that the film didn’t look as real as the computer game.___49___ In a film the director doesn’t show you some things to keep you have the feeling of excitement or anxiety. For example, you wouldn’t be interested in watching the film if you knew the identity of the murderer. But this is not true for computer games. When you play a game, you have to do certain tasks to continue to the new level. ___50___ You are always in control as a player, while in the cinema you never control the action. You just sit and watch.There can be some interaction between films and computer games on different levels. For all the similarities between technologies and special effects, we shouldn’t forget that a story and a game are fundamentally different.A. Cameras matter in another sense, too.B. The success of a game usually lies in the use of special effects.C. You can’t influence what happens at all in the computer games.D. Computer games may show the action from a number of views easily.E. The game has a good chance of being as successful as the film on which it is based.F. You must be able to have access to all the information in order to decide what to do next.G. However, the difficulty for film producers appears to be knowing where and when to stop.Develop Note-Taking SkillsSpeech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker’s main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of practice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper. 46Unfortunately, many people don’t take notes effectively. Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speaker’s rate of speech. 47 But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Finally, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration.48 They arrive armed with pen, notebook, and the best of intentions. They know they can’t write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit(趣闻). By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits—and little or no record of the speaker’s important ideas.As these examples illustrate, they don’t know what to listen for, and they don’t know how to record what they do listen for. 49 But once you know what to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking.Although there are a number of systems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this method briefly notes a speaker’s main points and supporting evidence in roug h outline form. By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format shows the relationships among the speaker’s ideas. 50 But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.A. Perfecting this taking requires practice.B. Some people go to the opposite extreme.C. As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D. Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E. Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F. When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker’s ideas.G. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker’s main points and evidence.Overthinking the Small Stuff?How many decisions have you made over the last day, week... month? Drive or Uber? Suit or no suit? Italian or Thai? iPhone or Huawei?While today’s freedom of choice has obvious benefits, the constant pressure to make perfect choices can often rob our freedom, heighten our anxiety and lower our productivity.46 For starters, trying to perfect every single decision is a 'mission impossible,' making it pretty in vain. 47 And finally, research shows that trying to nail every decision reduces our ability to perform at our best and make great decisions about the things that really matter.The irony is that people who try to make the perfect decision every time tend to suffer more anxiety about their decisions, feel less satisfied with them afterward and, unsurprisingly, are less p roductive than people who just go with ‘good enough’.“The habit of aiming for the best possible option every time actually robs people of satisfaction and effectiveness,” wrote Barry Schwartz on the Paradox of Choice.48 However, they're generally less happy about what they eventually decide upon.Better than trying to maximize every choice is to make a ‘good enough’ choice that meets a basic level of satisfaction. So you didn’t get the best possible hotel at the best possible price? Move on. So the shade of yellow you chose to paint the sunroom was a little dark? Again, move on! 4950 The reason is that they aren’t wasting precious time and energy on decisions that don’t really matter. So as you think about all the decisions you have to make in the day or month ahead, focus your precious time, talents and attention on the things that truly matter.A. There are a few reasons for this.B. But some researchers do not agree with it.C. Secondly, it can be mentally and emotionally exhausting.D. Much more important issues are waiting for your attention.E. Besides that, every decision you make may disappoint you.F. Such ‘maximizers,' as Schwartz calls them, spend more time and energy reaching a decision.G. Schwartz found that 'satisficers' who live by the ‘good enough’ rule ac tually get more done.Man invented a number of means to cover distance — cars, planes, radio, TV, computers, spaceships, etc. 46 Reading is real fun, isn’t it? It is a fantastic journey into the past or the future, a true love story or a serious novel to challenge your thoughts, a detective or something funny if you like humour.You could see a lot of people, old and young, reading in many different places —in a park or on a bus, in a plane or on a beach. It might be a magazine or a newspaper, a volume of poems or a lengthy novel. 47 They tell you a lot about life, people, and the fast changing world. They develop imagination, love for word and expression and awaken a wish in you to create something. It is hard to imagine life without books.48 We sometimes look through the book to see what it is about. We may just want to get the general idea from a newspaper article, a report, or a book in a bookshop. This type of reading is called skimming reading.Quick reading is also practiced when we want to get a particular piece of information, such as a date or a telephone number. This is called scanning. We scan timetables, telephone directories, dictionaries and web pages.But if we want to get the detailed information, we read slowly and carefully. This is called intensive reading, or study reading. 49 We consult dictionaries if necessary. We take notes to remember something important, such as a mathematical quotation (引证).Reading fiction, a novel or a favourite poem, is also intensive reading. It needs training and special skills to understand the entire content, the beauty of the expression. 50 It makes you laugh your head off or cry your heart out.A. You get involved in the story.B. Reading can be a social activity.C. We read in many different ways and at different speeds.D. Books help you understand the world and yourself better.E. Scanning is used when we need to locate special information.F. But up till now, there has been only one way to cover time — books.G. In the latter case we check the meaning not to misunderstand something.2019年北京高考二模分类汇编--七选五参考答案1. 2019东城二模46．E 47．F 48．B 49．G 50．D2. 2019西城二模46．C 47．G 48．E 49．F 50．B3. 2019海淀二模46. C 47. F 48. B 49. A 50. G4. 2019朝阳二模46—50 BGDAF5. 2019丰台二模46. F 47. C 48. B 49. G 50. A6. 2019昌平二模45-50: ACFDG7. 2019顺义二模46. F 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A。
北京市东城区2019-2020学年第二学期高三综合练习(二)英语试卷及评分标准
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2024北京东城区高三二模英语试题及答案
2024北京东城高三二模英 语本试卷共11页，共100分。
考试时长90分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Steven took his 7-year-old son Alex and 4-year-old daughter Mia out on his boat for fishing and fun. But inthe blink of an eye, things took a terrifying 1 when a strong current suddenly swept through, causing Mia to 2 her hold on the boat.While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone. He, too, let go of the 3 and swam toward his sister.Realizing the danger, Steven 4 jumped into the water and tried to help his kids. But the strong current made it difficult even for him. So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to rescue Mia.“I told them both I loved them because I wasn’t sure what was going to happen,” Steven recalled. “I tried to 5 Mia as long as I could. But finally I wore myself out, and she drifted away（漂走） from me.”Alex followed his dad’s 6 and headed for the shore. But it was no easy task. “The current was going the opposite way,” he explained.This little boy spent an hour 7 his way back to land. He swam more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the shore, the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for 8 . From there, Jacksonville authorities 9 and rescued Steven and his daughter.Alex, the brave and 10 little boy saved his sister and dad. If not for him, it would have been a different story.1. A. hit B. turn C. pause D. risk2. A. release B. find C. escape D. regain3. A. fish B. jacket C. boat D. current4. A. unusually B. suddenly C. instantly D. unexpectedly5. A. relate to B. wait for C. count on D. stick with6. A. explanation B. footsteps C. example D. instructions7. A. clearing B. fighting C. picking D. changing8. A. security B. understanding C. permission D. help9. A. cut in B. looked out C. took over D. came around10. A. tough B. humble C. hard-working D. confident第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
北京东城区2019年高三第二学期综合练习(一)--英语
北京东城区2019年高三第二学期综合练习（一）--英语本试卷共15页，共150分。
考试时长120分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解〔共三节，30分〕第一节〔共5小题；每题1.5分，共7.5分〕听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
例：Whatisthemangoingtoread?A、Anewspaper.B、Amagazine.C、Abook.答案是A。
〔〕1.Whoknowsthebestplacesforabikeride?A.Harry.B.Mike.C.Linda.〔〕2.WhenwillthemanprobablymeetDr.Brown?A.OnMonday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.〔〕3.Wherewasthemanduringthestorm?A.Athome.B.Inthecar.C.Intheopenair.〔〕4.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Whowillpayforthelunch.B.Whentheywillhavelunch.C.Whattheywilleatforlunch.〔〕5.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman’snewblouse?A.Itisreallyworthwhile.B.Itfollowsanewfashion.C.Itmatchesherskirtwell.第二节〔共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分〕听下面4段对话。
每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。
听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每题。
听完后，每题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话你将听两遍。
【区级联考】北京市东城区2019届高三第二学期综合练习（一）英语试题（解析版）
【区级联考】北京市东城区2019届⾼三第⼆学期综合练习（⼀）英语试题（解析版）北京市东城区2018—2019学年度第⼆学期⾼三综合练习（⼀）英语试题本试卷共10页，共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考⽣务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答⽆效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡⼀并交回。
第⼀部分：知识运⽤（共两节，45分）第⼀节语法填空（共10⼩题；每⼩题1.5分, 共15分）阅读下列短⽂，根据短⽂内容填空。
在未给提⽰词的空⽩处仅填写⼀个适当的单词，在给出提⽰词的空⽩处⽤括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
ATons of waste is being left on Mount Qomolangma by a ___1___ (grow) number of visitors, which bothers many people. A team will deal with the task ___2___ the climbing season ends this May, by which time there will be fewer visitors. Garbage ___3___ (collect) on Qomolangma requires two to three years of training, according to Cering Dandar, a mountaineer and guide.【答案】1. growing2. when/after3. collection【解析】这是⼀篇说明⽂。
讲述了珠穆拉玛峰上随着游客增多⽽带来的成吨的垃圾困扰了许多⼈。
【1题详解】考查形容词。
句意：越来越多的游客在珠穆朗玛峰上留下了⼤量的垃圾，这让很多⼈感到困扰。
number为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填growing。
【2题详解】考查连词。
句意：⼀个团队将在今年5⽉登⼭季节结束后处理这项任务。
2019年北京市东城区高考英语二模试卷
2019 年北京市东城区高考英语二模试卷副标题一、阅读理解（本大题共15 小题，共30.0 分）APreschool girl lifts old man's spirits When Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some cupcakes ，she had no idea that would be a life-changing experience．As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month ，she passed an old man who was by himself ．The old man looked cold ，until Norah shouted to him ，"Hi! It's my birthday today!" The man stopped and his demeanor changed from distant and serious to warm and friendly ．"How old are you today ？" the man asked．After some time talking together ，Norah asked her mom to take a picture of her with her new friend "Mr Dan" ，Dan Peterson，82 ．They hugged and after ten minutes went their separate ways．That could have been the end of the story ．But it is actually the beginning of a special relationship ．Tara posted the picture of her daughter and Mr ．Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information ．It turned out that Mr ．Dan's wife died in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since ．The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr ．Dan smile since the death of his wife．Knowing that，Tara contacted Mr．Dan，and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a friendship unlike any other ．"She has shown me a depth of love，a depth that I didn't know existed ，" Mr ．Dan told the reporter ．Mr ．Dan told Tara that before meeting Norah ，he hadn't had one night of uninterrupted sleep．Anxiety kept him up at all hours and made him restless．After meeting Norah ，he said he now sleeps soundly ．For Mr ．Dan's 82nd birthday on October 20 ，the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presents-and，of course，cupcakes．Mr ．Dan will also spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family ．"If you don't take the time to notice people，you will never know how you can positively impact a life ，" Tara Wood said ．1.Mr．Dan looked cold because _______ ．A.he felt lonelyB. he disliked little kidsC. nobody had hugged himD. he knew little about Norah2.The underlined word "demeanor" in Paragraph 2 probably means ______ ．A.wordsB. bodyC. thoughtsD. attitude3.How did Tara know more about Mr ．Dan？________A.From a news reporter ．B. From a stranger．C. From a shop assistant．D. From his neighbor ．4.What can we learn from the story ？______A.Giving makes a real difference ．B.It is important to respect each other ．C.We should not judge a person at first sight ．D.Good things will happen if one keeps trying ．The STAR Eco Station is an environmental science museum ，a wildlife rescue center ，and a shelter for endangered and illegally-traded foreign animals confiscated （没收）by theU ．S．Fish and Wildlife Service ．It carries out the mission "Preservation through Education" by educating visitors about the preservation of the environment and the inter-dependence of all living things ．Field tripsSTAR Eco Station hosts field trips for schools and camps throughout SouthernCalifornia ．Each field trip lasts two hours ，consisting of a one-hour gathering and a one-hour tour of the facility ，with lessons associated with California State ScienceStandards ．Throughout the field trip ，students learn about the latest developments in environmental protection and the ways in which wildlife interacts with various ecosystems ．The students also receive an up-close and hands-on experience with our rescued foreignwildlife ．The tour includes different environmental exhibits that showcase the ways students can help protect animals in the wild ．Field trips are offered on weekdays only ，from 10 a．m．-12 p ．m．or 12 p．m．-2 p．m．The rate is ＄6 per visitor ，both child and adult ，with a ＄120 minimum ．We offer one free adult per 10 children for groups of 40 or more ．Maximum capacity is 120 people per field trip ．Public toursGuided tours of the STAR Eco Station introduce visitors to over two hundred rescued foreign wildlife ．Each tour is led by an Eco Station staff member ，and features fun animal facts ，hands-on animal encounters，surprising rescue stories，environmental exhibits ，and original approaches to going green．Visitors may only see the animals on a guided tour，for both your safety and the safety of our animals ．The guided tour lasts approximately 45-60 minutes ．Visitors are served on a first-come ，first-served basis ．No reservations are required．However ，tours may sell out．We suggest larger groups schedule a private tour ．Note：Our regular public tours times are subject to change without notice ．Please call in advance for the most up-to-date information ．5.The STAR Eco Station aims to ________A.help research wildlife abroadB.collect money for animal sheltersC.raise awareness of wildlife protectionD. provide a knowledge of unusual animals6.What can students do during a field trip ？______A.Make a speech on the environment ．B.Take part in foreign wildlife rescue ．C.Get to know why species get endangered ．D.Learn how living things affect each other ．7.For a guided tour ，visitors should know that ________ ．rge groups are served firstB. it is available on weekdaysC. its time could changeD. booking is neededCLove the way you walk Listen carefully to the footsteps in the family home ，and you can probably work out who is walking about ．The features most commonly used to identify people are faces，voices and fingerprints ．But the way they walk is also a giveaway ．Researchers have used video cameras and computers to analyze people's gaits，and are now quite good at it ．But translating such knowledge into a practical identification system can betricky ．Cameras are often visible，are difficult to set up ，require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people ．A team led by Dr ．Ozanyan and Dr．Scully have been looking for a better way to recognize gait ．Their answer ：pressure-sensitive mats．Such mats are nothing new．They have been part of security systems ．But Ozanyan and Scully use a complicated version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it．These measurements form a pattern unique to the walker ．The researchers turned to an artificial-intelligence system to recognize such patterns，and it seemed to work．In a study in 2018 ，they tested the system on a database of footsteps of 127people ．They found its error rate in identifying who was who was a mere 0.7% ．And Scully says even without a database of footsteps to work with ，the system can determine someone's sex and，with reasonable accuracy ，a subject's age．One application of the mat-based gait-recognition system might be in health care ，particularly for the elderly ．A mat placed in a nursing home or an old person's own residence could monitor changes in an individual's gait that indicates certain illnesses ．That would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk of falling over ．Gait analysis might also be used as a security measure in the workplace，monitoring access to restricted areas，such as parts of military bases ，server farms or laboratories dealing with dangerous materials ．Perhaps the most interesting use of the mats，though ，would be in public places ，such as airports ．For that to work，the footsteps of those to be recognized would need to have been stored in a database，which would be harder to arrange than the collection of photographs and fingerprints that existing airport security systems rely on ．Many aircrew or preregistered frequent flyers would welcome anything that speeded up one of the most tiresome parts of modern travel ．8.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2 ？_______A.Research equipment．B. Research findings ．C. Research assumption．D. Research background．9.According to Paragraph 3 ，the mat is used to ______ ．A. collect dataB. ensure safetyC. determine ageD. analyse pressure10.The gait-recognition system might be applied to _____ ．A. monitor security work progressB.detect potential health problemsC.keep track of travelling frequencyD.warn passengers of possible dangers11.The main purpose of the passage is to _______ ．A. compare and educateB. examine and assessC. discuss and persuadeD. explain and informDOvertourism ：A growing global problem The summer holidays are in full swing-and protests against overtourism have begun in a number of popular European cities ．Barcelona，in particular ，is at the centre of these mounting concerns about the rapid growth of tourism in cities ，especially during peak holiday periods ．In fact，there were 30 million overnight visitors in 2017 ，compared to a resident population of 1 ，625，137 in Barcelona ．While many tourists want to "live like a local" during their visits ，the residents of many tourism-dependent destinations are seeing the unique sense of place that characterised their home towns vanish beneath a wave of souvenir shops ，crowds ，tour buses and noisy bars．Overtourism is harming the landscape ，damaging beaches，and pricing residents out of the housing market ．It is a hugely complex issue that is often oversimplified ．It can have an impact in multiple ways ．The international cruise （游轮）industry ，for example ，delivers thousands of passengers daily to destination ports．While comparatively little is returned to communities ，cruise activity creates physical and visual pollution ．City residents also bear the cost of tourism growth ．As cities transform to offer service to tourists ，the global travel supply chain advances ．This goes with increasing property speculation （房产投机）and rising costs of living for local communities ．Airbnb ，for example ，has been accused of reducing housing affordability and displacing residents ．In addition ，overcrowding and the establishment of typical tourism-focused businesses ，such as clubs，bars and souvenir shops，overpower local businesses-and noisy and unmanageable tourist behaviour is common ．This weakens the uniqueness of destinations and leads to crowd and waste management pressures．Clearly ，tourism brings jobs ，investment and economic benefits to destinations ．But overtourism occurs when tourism expansion fails to acknowledge that there are limits ．Local government and planning authorities have so far been powerless to deal with the irresistible influence of the global tourism supply chain ．This has led to widespread "tourist-phobia"-first described by Manuel Delgado more than a decade ago as a mixture of rejection ，mistrust and disrespect for tourists ．Dealing with overtourism must now be a priority ．Managing the flow of tourists seems an improbable and unwelcome task ．But some cities have taken extreme measures to limit the effects of overtourism ，including the introduction of new or revised taxation arrangements ，fines linked to new local laws ，and "demarketing" ，whereby destinations focus on attracting fewer ，high-spending and low impact tourists ，rather than large groups．Overtourism is a shared responsibility ．City administrators and destination managers must acknowledge that there are definite limits to growth ．Putting the wellbeing of local residents above the needs of the global tourism supply chain is vital ．Primary consideration must be given to ensuring that the level of visitation fits within a destination's capacity ．We need to urgently rethink the way cities are evolving to uphold the rights of their residents ．12.Why is Barcelona mentioned in Paragraph 1 ？_______A. To describe how unique the city is ．B.To warn people away from popular cities ．C.To show how crowded a destination can be ．D. To compare the number of visitors to that of locals ．13.What is the problem of overtourism ？ _______A. It has destroyed local businesses．B.It has led to higher living expenses ．C.It has increased the unemployment rate ．D.It has caused mistrust among local communities ．14.The reason for overtourism is that _______ ．A. destinations misjudge their capacityB.tourists lack a sense of responsibilityernments fail to support the supply chainD.tourists' travelling preference is oversimplified15.According to the writer ，what should the local governments do ？ ______A. Take full advantage of tourism ．B.Guarantee local people's welfare ．C.Advocate a ban on global tourism ．D.Control tourism-related businesses ．二、阅读七选五(本大题共5 小题，共10.0 分) A cultural view on personal space It's a well-known fact that the British prefer a large "bubble" of personal space around them．(1) And in South America ，a friend may grab you by the arm during conversation to make their point ．Now ，a study published in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology has looked into why different cultures have such different approaches to personal space ．(2) They developed an earlier study that divided individuals into "contact" and "non-contact" cultures ．Contact cultures-southern European，Latin American and Arabian-engaged in more touching and stood closer during conversation than non-contact cultures in northern Europe ，North America and parts of Asia ．To a degree，this proved correct．Argentina becomes known as the most touchy-feely nation ；people here keep the same distance from a stranger as a British person would an acquaintance and a Canadian individual a close friend or partner(．3) They come out with the widestdistance you should stand from a stranger-more than 1.3m-but one of the narrowest gaps for close friends ，just 40cm ，compared to nearly 60cm for a British person ．So the theory of warm versus cold is not as straightforward as it sounds ．(3) The higher a country's average temperature，the closer people will stand to a stranger．But older people in warm climates keep a bigger distance from close friends and stand closer to strangers；women generally keep a greater distance from someone they don't know ．The academics leading this study admit that there is a lot more to do．But what we do know is to keep your distance in Canada；prepare for a hug in Argentina ．(4) They like to stand closer than anybody ．To keep warm ，perhaps．A ．It's important to get the distance right ，though ．B ．Romanians clearly take longer to establish trust ．C ．How close we stand to other people varies widely between countries ．D ．And if you end up on good terms with a Norwegian ，don't draw back ．E ．However ，in India people will pack into trains and buses without a secondthought ．F．One theory the researchers wanted to test was whether climate affects personal space．G．The study certainly found that climate ，age and gender have an effect onpersonal distance across cultures ． 16. A. AEB. BC. CD. D E F. FG. G17.A. AB. BC. CD. DEEF. FG. G18.A. AB. BC. CD. D EEF. FG. G19.A. AB. BC. CD. DEEF. FG. G20.A. AB. BC. CD. DEEF. FG. G三、 完形填空（本大题共 20 小题， 共 30.0 分）Two birthdays ， One mistake Zackary Johnson has a birthday coming up in a few days ， so itwasn't surprising to have an envelope addressed to him last week ．His mom ， Glenda ，(21) immediately that it was spelled "Zachary" Johnson ． She didn't find that unusual because many people spell Zackary's name (22) ． But the sender's pre-printed label made her confused ． That name didn't (23) up to anyone of her friends or relatives ． She asked her husband ， "Do you(24) this name ？ " "Nope ，" Steve responded and became somewha(25) ．Still ， they agreed to(26) the envelope to their son to see what was in it ． Zack opened it to(27)＄ 20 in a birthday card that said "Happy Birthday ， Zachary!" He was (28)and was ready to goshopping!!However ， the(29)increased for Glenda ． The card was unsigned ． She was wondering why a(30)would send money to her son and(31)he would know it was Zack's birthday ． A variety of scenes can go(32)parents' minds ， especially when they hear stories about Internetcrimes ． They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ( 13 ， but also to protect their son ．"I know who that fellow is! He is an old farmer that lives out on Hillberry Road ．" Glenda's dad said when he was informed of the(33) ．So the couple quickly drove out into the country and found the house ． (34)， no one was home ． Steve decided to leave a brief but(35)message that the call should be returned as soon as possible ．The next day the old farmer called ． The farmer's great grandson ， Zachary Johnson ， had recently moved with his parents to Heavenly Drive ． That's the street where ZackaryJohnson(36)． The farmer was sure surprised by the(37)of events ． He figured he'd have to send another card to his grandson ． But Zackary Johnson ， who is turning eleven years old in a few days ， did the right thing ． He and his parents(38) their way down Heavenly Drive to thehome of Zachary Johnson who is turning four years old in a few ． They(39)Zachary's great grandfather's card with the ＄ 20． Plus ， Zackary Johnson wished Zachary Johnson a very Happy Birthday ． 21. A. expected B. guessed C. added D. noticed 22. A. hesitantly B. incorrectly C. quickly D. naturally 23. A. match B. back C. call D. build 24. A. signB. likeC. bearD. recognize 25. A. embarrassed B. discouraged C. concerned D. ashamed 26. A. present B. return C. address D. drop 27. A. hold B. find C. reach D. pay 28. A. relieved B. relaxed C. amused D. excited 29. A. unease B. anger C. regret D. sadness 30. A. relative B. friend C. stranger D. farmer 31. A. whoB. whatC. whenD. how 32. A. over B. beyond C. through D. against33. A. faith B. peace C. satisfaction D. confidence 34. A. secretB. crimeC. conclusionD. situation 35. A. AmazinglyB. UnfortunatelyC. InterestinglyD. Undoubtedly 36. A. urgent B. updated C. warning D. flexible 37. A. walks B. travels C. lives D. moves 38. A. turn B. order C. error D. trend 39. A. changed B. made C. pushed D. cleared 40. A. heldB. showedC. deliveredD. purchased四语法填空（本大题共1 小题，共 15.0 分）41. ， (1) takes place on 五、 42. A World Environment Day is a UN Environment-led global event June 5 every year and is celebrated by thousands of communities worldwide ． Since it began in 1972， it has grown to become the (2) ( large ) of all the celebrations of environment each year ． China owns half the world's electric vehicles and 99% of the world's electric buses ． By (3) ( host ) World Environment Day 2019 ， the Chinese government will be able to showcase its innovation and progress toward a cleaner environment ．B Why do people want to go to university ？ For some ， it is the desire to learn ． Atuniversity ， you (4) ( teach ) by lecturers and professors who may be leading experts (5) their fields ． The opportunity to learn from them is what drives some people (6) ( apply ) to university ． For others ， going to university provides the all-important stepping-stone for their careers ． However ， for the majority of (7) ( west ) people ， university means freedom from home ．C Billions of poor people around the world (8) ( depend ) on the use of wood for cooking ．And as they take more and more firewood from wild areas ， they are destroying habitats around the world ．Wood collection is one reason why many animalshave become endangered ． This is (9) Dr ． Metcalf spends each summer in Africa ． He wants to teach women and children in villages how to cook with the sun ． He helped create Solar Cookers International ． It's an organization that introduces solar cookers to developing countries (10) teaches people how to use them ． 书面表达(本大题共 2 小题，共 35.0 分) 假设你是红星中学学生李华． 你的美国朋友 Jim 在给你的邮件中询问你的高三生活 情况．请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1．近况；2．感受；3．愿望．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Jim ，Yours，Li Hua43. 假设你是红星中学学生李华．请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给某英文报刊投稿，记录你参加的绿化社区活动．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：花苗flower seedling答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】A【解析】1．A．细节题．根据文章第二、三段内容，The old man looked cold，until Norah shouted to him，．．It turned out that Mr．Dan's wife died in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since．由此可知，Mr ．Dan看起来很严肃、冷酷，直到Norah和他说话．．Mr ．Dan的妻子在3月份的时候过世，自那以后他就变得抑郁沮丧了．由此可知，Mr．Dan 之所以看起来冷冰冰是因为他一个人，感到孤独．结合选项，故选A ．2．D．词义猜测题．根据文章第二段内容，The man stopped and his d emeanor changed from distant and serious to warm an d friendly ．那人停了下来，他的举止从冷淡严肃变为热情友好．由此可知，换线单词意为"态度"，结合选项，故选D．3．B．细节题．根据文章第三段内容，Tara posted the picture of her daughter and M．r Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information．由此可知，Tara把女儿和丹先生的照片贴在facebook上，有人认出了他，就用他的联系方式联系了她，并给她讲述了一些关于丹先生的故事．由此可知，Tara是从陌生人那里得到的关于丹先生的消息，结合选项，故选B．4．A．推理题．根据文章最后一段内容，"If you don't take the time to notice people，you will never know how you c an positively impact a life，"如果你不花时间去注意别人，你将永远不会知道你如何能对生活产生积极影响，由此可知，在生活中我们应该多关注他人，并给予他人关心和温暖，因为给予可以产生巨大的影响．结合选项，故选A．本文章主要讲述了一个名叫Norah的小女孩用真诚的交流和对话温暖了一个82 岁的孤独的老人的心灵，以此告诉读者要多关心、温暖他人．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．5.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】C【解析】1．C 细节理解．根据第一段"The STAR Eco Station is an environmental science museum，a wildlife rescue center，and a shelter for endangered and illegally-traded foreign animals confiscated（没收）by the U．S．Fish and Wildlife Service．It carries out the mission "Preservation through Education" by educating visitors about the preservation of the environment and the inter-dependence of all living things ．Star生态站是一个环境科学博物馆、一个野生动物救援中心，也是美国鱼类和野生动物管理局没收（未收缴）的濒危和非法买卖外国动物的庇护所．它通过教育游客保护环境和所有生物的相互依赖．"可知这个生态站是为了教育游客保护野生动物．故选C．2 ．D 细节理解．根据第三段"The students also receive an up-close and hands-on experience with our rescued foreign wildlife．学生们还可以亲身体验到我们拯救的外国野生动物．"可知并不是让学生亲自去救援，所以B错误；A、C项文中没有提到；根据第三段"Throughout the field trip ，students learn about the latest developments in environ mental protection and the ways in which wildlife interacts with various ecosystem s在整个实地考察过程中，学生们了解了环境保护的最新进展，以及野生动物与各种生态系统的互动方式．"可知在实地考察中学生可以了解野生动物与各种生态系统的互动方式，所以D正确．3．C 细节理解．根据Note 这一部分："Our regular public tours times are subject to change without notice．Please call i n advance for the most up-to-date information．我们的定期公共旅游时间如有更改，恕不另行通知．请提前致电了解最新信息．生态站在工作日不向公众开放．"可知B、D错误；C正确；A 文中没有提到．故选C．本文是一则广告．文章主要介绍了Star生态站是一个环境科学博物馆、一个野生动物救援中心，也是美国鱼类和野生动物管理局没收（未收缴）的濒危和非法买卖外国动物的庇护所．它通过教育游客保护环境和所有生物的相互依赖，以及来此旅游的相关事宜．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义8.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】D【解析】1．D．段落大意题．根据第二段内容Researchers have used video cameras and computers to analyze people's g，a aits nd are now quite good at i．t But translating such knowledge into a practical ident ification system can be tricky．研究人员使用摄像机和计算机来分析人们的步态，现在已经非常擅长了．但是将这些知识转化为实际的识别系统可能会很棘手．可知，本段主要讲述了研究背景，故选D．2．A ．细节理解题．根据第三段But Ozanyan and Scully use a complicated version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across．it可知，这个垫子是用来收集数据的．故选A ．3．B．细节理解题．根据第四段A mat placed in a nursing home or an old person's own residence could monitor c hanges in an individual's gait that indicates certain illnesse．s That would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk of falling over放置在疗养院或老人自己住所的垫子可以监测表明某些疾病的个体步态的变化．这将为某人提供更大的摔倒风险提供早期预警．可知，步态识别系统可用于检测潜在的健康问题，故选B．4．D．主旨大意题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了主要讲述了由英格兰曼彻斯特大学的Krikor Ozanyan 和爱尔兰国立大学的Patricia Scully 领导的团队一直在寻找一种更好的识别步态的方法，压敏垫，其主要目的是解释并告知．故选D．本文主要讲述了由英格兰曼彻斯特大学的Krikor Ozanyan 和爱尔兰国立大学的Patricia Scully 领导的团队一直在寻找一种更好的识别步态的方法，压敏垫．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．12.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】B【解析】CBAB1．C．细节理解题．根据第一段In fact ，there were 30 million overnight visitors in 2017 ，compared to a resid ent population of 1，625，137 in Barcelona．可知，作者列出当地有多少游客，多少常住人口，是为了体现当地的拥挤状况．故选C．2．B．细节理解题．根据第四段City residents also bear the cost of tourism growth，可知，游客的大量来访，导致当地是物价上涨，生活成本提高．故选B．3．A ．细节理解题．根据最后一段Primary consideration must be given to ensuring that the level of visitation fits wit hin a destination's capacity．可知，由于误判了当地游客的容纳量，导致大量游客在当地旅游，带来一系列恶劣后果．故选A．4．B．细节理解题．根据最后一段Putting the wellbeing of local residents above the needs of the global tourism sup ply chain is vital ．可知，当地居民的幸福感高于全球旅游供应链的需求，因此要提高居民的生活质量．故选B．本文讲述的是一些景点由于误判了当地游客的容纳量，导致大量游客在当地旅游，带来一系列恶劣后果．主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题．在做事实细节题时，首先看题目要求我们理解什么细节，找出关键词，迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语．认真比较选项和文中细节的区别，在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．16.【答案】【小题1】E 【小题2】F 【小题3】B 【小题4】G 【小题5】D【解析】1-5 EFBGD1．E．细节理解题．根据前文"It's a well-known fact that the British prefer a large "bubble" of personal space around them众" 所周知，英国人更喜欢周围有一个很大的私人空间．可知此处应填"然而，在印度，人们会毫不犹豫地挤进火车和公共汽车"．故选E．2．F．细节理解题．根据下文"They developed an earlier study that dividedindividuals into "contact" and "non-contact" cultures 他们开展了一 项更早的研究， 将个体分 为"接触 "文化和 "非接触"文化"．可知此处应填"研究人 员想验证的 一个理论是，气候是否会影响个人空 间"．故选 F ．3．B ．细节理解题．根据前文 people here keep the same distance from astranger as a British person would an acquaintance and a Canadian individual a close friend or partner"这里的人与陌生人的距离就像英国人与熟人的距离和加拿大人与 亲密朋友或伴 侣的距离一 样"．可知此处应填"罗马尼亚人显然需要更 长的时 间 来建立信任 "．故选 B ．4．G ．推理判断题．根据下文"The higher a country's average temperatur ，e the closer people will stand to a stranger 一个国家的平均气温越高，人 们 站得离陌 生人越近 "．可知此处应填"研究当然 发现，气候、年龄和性别对不同文化背景 下的个人距离有影响 "．故选 G ．5．D ．推理判断题．根据前文"prepare for a hug in Argentina 准备 好在阿根廷 拥 抱吧"．可知此处应填"如果你和一个挪威人关系很好，不要退 缩"．故选 D ． 本文是一篇 选句填空，文章主要介 绍了个人空 间的文化观．此题主要考 查学生的 细节理解和推理判断能力．做 细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和 题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要 以个人的主 观想象代替文章的事 实，要根据文章事实进行合乎 逻辑的推理判【解析】 1--5DBADC 6--10 ABDAC 11--15DCBDB 16--20 ACABC 1．D ．考查动词 ．根据后半句中名字的拼写 "Zachary"与"Zackary" 不同，可知 是 Glenda 注意到（notice ）．其余选项 含义为 ：expected 期待；guessed 猜测； added 增加；故正确答案是 D ． 2．B ．考查副 词．根据前半句可知，因为两个人的名字非常接近，所以 Glenda 对于拼错（incorrectly ）并不觉得反常．其余选项含义为：hesitantly 犹豫地； quickly 快速地；naturally 自然而然地；故正确答案是 B ．断．21.【答案】【小题 1】 D【小题 6】 A【小题 11】 D【小题 16】 A 小题 2】 B 小题 7】 B 小题 12】 C 小题 17】 C 小题 3】A 小题 8】D 小题 13】B 小题 18】A 小题 4】 D 小题 9】 A 小题 14】 D 小题 19】 B小题 5】 C 小题 10】 C 小题 15】 B 小题 20】 C3．A ．考查动词．根据句意Glenda 之所以困惑，是因为信封上面的名字跟她任何的朋友和亲戚的名字都不匹配（match up to）．其余选项含义为：back 后面；call 打电话；build 建立；故正确答案是A．4．D．考查动词．承接上一道题目，Glenda 问丈夫是否认识（recognize）．其余选项含义为：sign签名；like 喜欢；bear忍受，具有；故正确答案是D．5．C．考查形容词．丈夫回答不认识这个名字，然后比较关心（concerned）这件事儿．另外后面13 空处的Internet crimes 和protect their son 也能反推此处选择concerned．其余选项含义为：embarrassed尴尬的；discouraged受挫的；ashamed羞愧的；故正确答案是C．6．A．考查动词．虽然有疑惑，他们还是决定把信封送给（present）儿子查看．present sth．to sb．意思为把某物送给某人．其余选项含义为：return归还；address解决；drop 落下；故正确答案是A ．7．B．考查动词．Zack 打开信封发现（find ）里面有20 美元．其余选项含义为：hold 举行；reach到达；pay 支付；故正确答案是B．8．D．考查形容词．根据后文内容，准备拿钱去购物了，可知Zack 收到20 美元之后非常兴奋（excited）．其余选项含义为：relieved 如释重负的；relaxed放松的；amused愉快的；故正确答案是D．9．A ．考查名词．根据转折词However，可知Zack 父母的心情和Zack 是不同的．再根据后面的卡片未署名，以及为什么陌生人会寄钱给儿子可知，他们比较不安（unease）．其余选项含义为：anger愤怒；regret后悔，遗憾；sadness 悲伤；故正确答案是A ．10．C．考查名词．根据前边的"the card was unsigned"可知卡片未署名，所以对于一个陌生人（stranger）寄来的钱Glenda 很想弄清原因．其余选项含义为：relative 亲戚；friend 朋友；farmer 农夫；故正确答案是C．11．D．考查连词．根据后半句句意，她想知道他是如何知道Zack 的生日，可知选how（如何）．其余选。
【5月北京东城区高三模拟英语】2020年北京市东城区2019-2020学年度第二学期高三模拟(一)英语试卷含答案
北京市东城区2019—2020学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）英语2020.5本试卷共10页，共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AThe goshawk,a rare bird,once close to extinction,has doubled1(it)number in a national park in the south of England.Around100years ago,there were thought to be no goshawks2 (leave),due to farmers hunting them and their woodland habitats being cut down.However,thanks to conservationists,goshawks are back.By monitoring their nesting sites over time,the teams have been able to protect them from further forestry work.As a result,their number3(grow)from just20pairs to40pairs in the past two years.BOne morning,I told my husband jokingly that he’d dropped the ball because he hadn’t made me coffee and I was having trouble getting motivated4(start)the day.My five-year-old son overheard me and asked what“drop the ball”meant.I told him it was just something like making a mistake.A few minutes later,he came into our bedroom5(hold)an overflowing coffee cup with a dishcloth underneath it to catch the drops.He said to my husband,“You dropped the ball,but I picked the ball up,”and he handed me the worst-tasting,most watered-down but6(sweet) cup of coffee ever.CIn half a century,the Internet has transformed society.Billions of us can connect at the touch of a button.Access7information,banks and shops has never been easier.The world has changed8(dramatic)and continues to do so in ways we couldn’t have imagined.However,the Internet isn’t without disadvantages.By design,it has no central authority,9makes protecting people online or dealing with misinformation a near-impossible task.10the Internet develops will shape our future.If the past50years has been dominated by free and open exchanges,the next50will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet,and the world,a better place.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2019年北京市东城区高考二模英语试题(带答案解析)
英语试题
World Environment Day is a UN Environment-led global event,1．takes place on June 5 every year and is celebrated by thousands of communities worldwide. Since it began in 1972, it has grown to become the2．(large) of all the celebrations of environment each year. China owns half the world’s electric vehicles and 99% of the world’s electric buses. By3．(host) World Environment Day 2019, the Chinese government will be able to showcase its innovation and progress toward a cleaner environment.
The man who had his bright lights on18and told Larry he had19an emergency call. They20heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的)vehicle.21the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay22until the emergency personnel arrived,23she thought the car was going to24. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move25she injured her neck.
东城区2019-2020年度第二学期高三综合理解练习英语含答案解析
北京市东城区2019—2020 学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）英语2020.5 本试卷共10 页，共120 分。
考试时长100 分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AThe goshawk, a rare bird, once close to extinction, has doubled 1 (it) number in a national park in the south of England. Around 100 years ago, there were thought to be no goshawks 2 (leave), due to farmers hunting them and their woodland habitats being cut down. However, thanks to conservationists, goshawks are back. By monitoring their nesting sites over time, the teams have been able to protect them from further forestry work. As a result, their number 3 (grow) from just 20 pairs to 40 pairs in the past two years.BOne morning, I told my husband jokingly that he’d dropped the ball because he hadn’t made me coffee and I was having trouble getting motivated 4 (start) the day. My five-year-old son overheard me and asked what “drop the ball”meant. I told him it was just something like making a mistake. A few minutes later, he came into our bedroom 5 (hold) an overflowing coffee cup with a dishcloth underneath it to catch the drops. He said to my husband, “You dropped the ball, but I picked the ball up,”and he handed me the worst-tasting, most watered-down but 6 (sweet) cup of coffee ever.CIn half a century, the Internet has transformed society. Billions of us can connect at the touch of a button. Access 7 information, banks and shops has never been easier. The world has changed8 (dramatic) and continues to do so in ways we couldn’t have imagined. However, the Internet isn’t without disadvantages. By design, it has no central authority, 9 makes protecting people online or dealing with misinformation a near-impossible task.10 the Internet develops will shape our future. If the past 50 years has been dominated by free and open exchanges, the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet, and the world, a better place.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
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2019年北京市东城区高三二模2019年5月AWorld Environment Day is a UN Environment-led global event, _____which_____(1) takes place on June 5 every year and is celebrated by thousands of communities worldwide. Since it began in 1972, it has grown to become the ___largest_______(2 large) of all the celebrations of environment each year. China owns half the world’s electric vehicles and 99% of the world s electric buses. By ____hosting______(3 host) World Environment Day 2019, the Chinese government will be able to showcase its innovation and progress toward to a cleaner environment.BWhy do people want to go to university? For some, it is the desire to learn. At university, you ____will be taught______(4 teach) by lecturers and professors who may be leading experts ____in______(5) their fields. The opporutnity to learn from them is what drives some people ____to apply______( 6 apply)to university. For others, going to university provides the all-important stepping-stone for their careers. However, for the majority of ____western______(7 west)people, university means freedom from home.CBillions of poor people around the world ___depend_______(8 depend) on the use of wood for cooking. And as they take more and more firewood from wild areas, they are destroying habitats around the world. Wood collection is one reason why many animals have become endangered.This is ____why______(9) Dr, Metcalf spends each summer in Africa. He wants to teach women and children in villages how to cook with the sun.He helped create Solar Cookers International. It’s an organization that introduces solar cookers to developing countries ___and_______(10) teaches people how to use them.第二节完形填空Two birthdays, One mistakeZackary Johnson has a birthday coming up in a few days, so it wasn’t surprising to have an envelope addressed to him last week.His mom，Glenda，____ noticed ______(11) immediately that it was spelled “Zachary” Johnson. She didn’t find that unusual because many people spell Zackary’s name ___ incorrectly _______(12). But the sender’s pre-printed label made her confused. That name didn’t ___ match _______(13) up to anyone of her friends or relatives. She asked her husband, “Do you ___ recognize _______(14) this name? “”Nope,”Steve responded and became somewhat ____ concerned ______(15).Still, they agreed to ___ present _______(16 the envelope to their son to see what was in it. Zack opened it to _____ find _____(17 $20 in a birthday card that said “Happy Birthday, Zachary!” He was excited 18 and was ready to go shopping!!However, the _____ unease _____(19 increased for Glenda. The card was unsigned. She was wondering why a ____ stranger ______(20) would send money to her son and ___how____(21 he would know it was Zack’s birthday. A variety of scenes can go __ through ________(22 parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ____ peace ______(23 , but also to protect their son.“I know who that fellow is! He is an old farmer that lives out on Hillberry Road.” Glenda’s dad said when he was informed of the _______ situation ___(24 .So the couple quickly drove out into the country and found the house. ________ Unfortunately __(25 , no one was home. Steve decided to leave a brief but ___urgent___(26 message that the call should be returned as soon as possible.The next day the old farmer called. The farmer’s great grandson, Zachary Johnson, had recently moved with his parents to Heavenly Drive. That’s the street where Zackary Johnson ___ lives _______(27 . The farmer was sure surprised by the ___ turn ___(28) of events. He figured he’d have to send another card to his grandson. But Zackary Johnson, who is turning eleven years old in a few days, did the right thing. He and his parents __ made_____(29) their way down Heavenly Drive to the home of Zachary Johnson who is turning four years old in a few days. They ____delivered __(30) Zachary’s great grandfather’s card with the $20. Plus,Zackary Johnson wished Zachary Johnson a very Happy Birthday.11. A. expected B. guessed C. added D. noticed12. A. hesitantly B. incorrectly C. quickly D. naturally13. A. match B. back C. call D. build14. A. sign B. like C. bear D. recognize15. A. embarrassed B. discouraged C. concerned D. ashamed16. A. present B. return C. address D. drop17. A. hold B. find C. reach D. pay18. A. relieved B. relaxed C. amused D. excited19. A. unease B. anger C. regret D. sadness20. A. relative B. friend C. stranger D. farmer21. A. who B. what C. when D. how22. A. over B. beyond C. through D. against23. A. faith B. peace C. satisfaction D. confidence24. A. secret B. crime C. conclusion D. situation25. A. Amazingly B. Unfortunately C. Interestingly D. Undoubtedly26. A. urgent B. updated C. warning D. flexible27. A. walks B. travels C. lives D. moves28. A. turn B. order C. error D. trend29. A. changed B. made C. pushed D. cleared30. A. held B. showed C. delivered D. purchased第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）CLove the way you walkListen carefully to the footsteps in the family home, and you can probably work out who is walking about. The features most commonly used to identify people are faces, voices and fingerprints. But the way they walk is also a giveaway.仔细倾听家里的脚步声，你也许就能知道是谁在走动。