(完整版)2018年考博英语阅读理解题型解题技巧【九篇】
2018年高考英语阅读理解解题技巧
2018年高考英语阅读理解解题技巧2018年高中英语阅读理解解题技巧新的高中英语教学大纲明确规定，侧重提高阅读能力。
近年来，高考英语试题中阅读理解能力占据主导地位，并且有逐年增加的趋势。
因此，做好阅读理解题是获得高考英语高分的关键。
阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能，包括对书面语言的识别、理解、推理、判断和快速记忆等几个方面。
阅读理解不仅仅涉及到语音、语法、词汇这些语言因素，还涉及到非语言因素，即阅读者对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、对所读材料内容的熟悉、个人经历、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等各方面。
历年高考试题阅读理解命题特点和规律如下：1.语篇选材多为时文，题材多样化，信息丰富。
选材多源于英文报刊和网络媒体，包括名人轶事、历史传说、民间故事、寓言、幽默小品、日常生活、新闻报道、社会背景、政治经济、史地常识、科普文章等各个方面的知识，并且具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点和浓厚的时代气息。
阅读材料可以是叙述、描写、应用、说明、议论等文体皆备。
2.语篇的字数明显增加，对学生的阅读速度要求高。
阅读理解的词汇量保持在3500个左右，读速大约每分钟60-70个单词。
也就是说高考中的每篇文章要在6-8分钟完成。
3.增加了生词量，提高了猜词能力。
高考的文章大约有3%左右的生词，须根据上下文或整篇文章才能做出推断。
同时也检测考生利用构词法知识猜测词义的能力。
4.试题设计精巧，干扰项编制水平高。
阅读理解的能力要求，主要是通过短文后面的多项选择题进行检测的。
总体说来，其能力要求主要包括如下几方面：1.读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节（包括根据上下文推断生词的词义）。
2.既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。
3.既理解字面的意思，也理解深层的含义，包括作者的态度，意图等。
4.既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。
5.既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。
医学考博英语阅读理解整体解题思路
阅读理解个人笔记一.考研阅读理解命题干扰项的特点:1.看似合理,实则以偏概全,断章取义.惯用手法:利用生活常识编造选项,把文中事实细节当主旨应对方法:从文中找依据,找答案,"合理项"不一定就是正确选项2.偷梁换柱,张冠李戴.惯用手法:对原句细微处做改动,截取原文词语或结构进行改造,因果倒置, 把A的观点说成B的观点.应对方法:过于相似的选项不一定正确,"原词越多,对的可能性越小".3.用常规含义代替偏用词义.惯用手法:用常规词义麻痹考生.应对方法:掌握熟词生义,并根据上下文推测其在特定语境下的含义4.过度引申.惯用手法:备选项虽是由文章推出,但是却超出文章范围应对方法:切勿过度发挥,一切以原文为本.二.各类题型的特点及解答技巧(一)主旨题1.文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确主旨,需总结.2.主旨题的解题技巧*不管它出现在文章的什么位置,都作为最后一道题去做,因为做完其他题以后会对主旨的理解有帮助*着重理解首末段,首末句*主旨在文章中间的情况(非文首文尾),遇到文章前后段意思转折,提高警惕3.主旨题的注意事项:*段落中出现转折时,该句很可能是主题句*作者有意识的反复重复的观点通常是主旨*首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的解答就是文章主旨*提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示:therefore,thus,but,however,in short等等4.选项特点:正确选项特点:不出现细节信息;不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词干扰项特点:细节信息明显;过于笼统(二)作者观点和态度题1.作者态度题的解题技巧*作者对某一事物的看法,要么支持,要么反对,带中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案*漠不关心（中立）类词语一定不对,既然写文章就不会不关心*不要把自己的态度揉入其中,也要区分开作者的态度和作者引用的别人的态度*当作者的态度没有明确提出时,要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度*作者观点一般与文章主旨相关联[注]新趋势:*不仅局限于作者的态度,而发展到问文中某人对某事物的态度*选项可能不再是态度明确的肯定或否定的词语,而改为带有程度限制的词*一般带有绝对化或过于强烈的表示必错,如:strong,complete,entire,enthusiastic（极大兴趣的）等*持有保留态度的比较客观,常常是正确选项,如:reserved（保留的）, qualified（适合的）,tempered（温和的）, guarded（谨慎的;有保留的）,consent（同意）等(三)词义/句义题1.对词义考察的两种方式:超纲词义含义推断;熟词生义或是在特定场合的意思2.词义题的解题技巧:*根据上下文进行推理猜测,两个原则<1>不管这个词多超纲,根据上下文都能得出其意思<2>不管这个词多熟悉,都要通过上下文得出其在特定场合的意思*正确选项不是熟词的常规含义3.猜测词义的方法:*构词法:根据词根,词缀判断词义*词性加搭配:先判断生词在文章中的词性,再看它与哪些词语可以搭配,最后根据自己的常识推测*找同义词,同义解释,反义词,反义解释:在上下文中找出生词的其他表示方法,由此推断其含义*找同位词:上下文中有可能有类似生词出现的句子的平行结构,找出其中和生词处于同一位置的词去推测4.句义题的解题技巧*正确选项不含有意义过于绝对化的词语,而是使用不肯定语气或意义解释深刻*含原文词或短语越多,就越不可能是正确选项(四)推理引申题1.推理引申题的选项特点与答题技巧干扰项的特点*只是原文的简单复述,而非推断出来的结论,把直接表达当作间接推理*看似从原文推断出来的结论,然而实际上与原文不符,如因果倒置,手段变目的等*根据考生已有的常识是正确的,但是却不是基于文章,一切以文章为准*推理过头,引申过渡正确选项的特点*不是文中明确说明的内容,没有引申推理就不是正确选项*正确选项大多含义深刻,不是常识选项[注意]*注意那些似乎话中有话的的间接表达句,它们往往采用说半句,打比喻,反着说的方式,让考生有推理的余地*注意含义深刻或结构复杂的句子.考生对作者表达的意思能不能一下子看透,也是命题点所在(五)事实细节题1.事实细节题的选项特点正确选项特点*一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案,但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样,而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思题干+正确选项的信息值等于或者约等于原文中某句的信息值*体现中心思想,一篇考研试题的细节与主旨直接关联干扰选项的特点*部分正确,部分错误*是原文信息,但是不是题目要求的内容*符合常识,但不是文章内容*与原句的内容极为相似,只是在程度上有些变动2.事实细节题的解题技巧*主旨与细节是相辅相成的,确定了主题,才能深刻理解材料的作用.同样,对具体细节有较为全面的理解,就能更好的判明主题*文章的事实细节内容不会孤立的出现,它与前后的内容密切相关,考生要善于利用因果,类比,时间,空间的关系将零碎的细节组成一个有机整体*看细节内容要"跳出来"看,即要对文章的组织结构有很清楚的认识,然后判断这个细节为什么主题服务*坚决遵循"本本主义文章里有什么就用什么,不可凭感觉发挥做题医学考博英语阅读理解整体解题思路一、细节题第一步：通读全文，抓住中心（不推荐采用先看题目的做法）原则一、1：1原则（读文章的时间和做题时间）原则二、首段原则，不要怕重复，回读首段的作用：1、中心段；2、抛砖引玉原则三、首末句原则，即除第一断和末段，其余各段的首末句一定要读懂，其他各句正常阅读第二步：仔细审题，返回原文第三步：重叠选项，得出答案读完文章，要试着回答三个问题1、文章主要讲了些什么2、文章有没有核心概念出现3、作者的大致态度怎么样各种题型的解题思路一、细节事实题1、标志：（1）、题干中明确提到时间，地点，人物等细节信息（2）、针对文章中的一句活几句发问（3）题干和选项之间是因果关系2、做题的关键在于返回原文（1）根据题干中的时间，地点，人物返回原文（2）可根据出题顺序返回原文（60%的准确度）（3）可根据题干中的重点词或同义词返回原文（4）找原文中的难句定位（最没办法的办法）3、细节事实题选项的迷惑手段：（1）单词替换（2）颠倒因果（3）扩大范围（4）常识判断二、例证题1、标志在题干中出现：case example illustration demonstration exemplify demonstrate illustrate2、例证题做题关键不在于是否看懂例子，而在于是否能找到例子支持的观点3、做题步骤，首先返回原文定位例子4、80%向上，20%向下搜索该例子支持的观点5、在四个选项中寻找于找到的观点表述最一致，一时最接近的一个作为正确答案三、词汇题1、标志在题干中明确指出原文中某处的单词或词组，辨别其意思2、单词本身并不重要，重要的是该单词上下文3、如果该单词是大多数同学认识，并不超出大纲，则其字面一时必然不是正确答案，其正确答案是根据上下文推测的更加深刻的一个含义4、做题时使用两种方法从上下文进行推理一）代入替代法二）在上下文中寻找同词性的词或词组四、句子理解题1、标志特征在题干中明确指出原文中的一句要求理解其意思2、返回原文堆出题的句子进行语法解析要精确理解其含义3、做此类题目时重要的并不是上下文，而是句子本身4、正确答案与原句之间是一个同义关系，其中没有任何推理过程五、指代题1、标志在题干中明确指出原文中某出的指代词要求辨别其指代关系常考的指代词it that one2、返回原文定位该指代词，并且90%向上，10%向下搜索其指代的词，词组或句子3、在四个选项中找出与所找到的词，词组或句子意思最接近的义个作为答案六、推理题1、标志关键词infer imply2、整体思路2．1 绝大多数的考研阅读额推理题是原文意思的同义表达，正确答案与原文之间没有任何推理关系2．2 做题时可以寻找四个选项中三错一对的关系2．3 如果四个选项中有两个或两个以上的选项都是对成立的推理步骤，那么与原文最接近，所用推理最少的选项是正确答案七、作者态度题1 标志（1）含有attitude（2）the author believes/seems/considers/regards2 作者态度只分为三大类（1）至此，赞同，乐观（2）客观，中立（3）反对，批评，怀疑，悲观3 有些选项是固定不能做为正确答案的indifferent/subjective/biased/puzzling4 识别作者态度有以下方法（1）找文中带有感情色彩的名词，动词，形容词，副词（2）根据作者举的例子八、判断题1、出题方法（1）which of the following statement is not true/correct/mentioned?2、首先判断4个选项识三对一错还是三错一对3、文中没有提及或相反的为错，与原文一时最接近或提及的为对4、对每个选项都要返回原文找处其出处九、主旨题1、标志best title /main idea/main problem/conclusion2、利用宏观阅读技巧做主旨题3、小心首段，末段陷阱4、快速作文法（对给出的题目，你回考虑怎么写，在对照课文，符合的就是正确答案）。
考博英语阅读理解试题分类解析-考试要求、命题形式与解题技巧【圣才出品】
第一部分考试要求、命题形式与解题技巧一、考试要求阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）是博士生入学英语考试的重要组成部分，该题型一直是各院校考查的重点，为每年必考题型而且比重最大（个别院校除外），分值比重一般为30%或40%（电子科技大学达到50%）。
为了顺利通过博士生入学英语考试，考生必须高度重视阅读理解能力的训练和提高。
（一）测试要求在国家教育部颁布的《非英语专业研究生英语教学大纲》中关于“读”的能力要求为：掌握并能运用各项阅读技能（如概括中心思想，猜词悟意，预见，推理和推论等），具有语法水平上的分析能力。
能较顺利地阅读并正确理解有相当难度的一般性题材文章和其他读物，达到每分钟60-70个词，读后能够理解中心思想及内容。
计时阅读难度略低，生词不超过总词数2%的材料，速度达到每分钟100-120个词，读后能理解中心思想及主要内容。
总阅读量：精读30000个词左右，泛读80000个词左右。
原国家教委发布的《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》（试行稿）明确指出，阅读理解的测试目的主要是考查学生通过阅读材料获取信息的能力，要求考生在快速阅读材料的同时，能够正确地理解材料的意思。
具体而言，阅读理解主要测试考生如下几方面的能力：（1）所掌握词汇量的深度和广度，准确把握某些词和词组在上下文中特定含义的能力；（2）迅速总结所读材料的中心思想和段落大意，并找出一些表露作者观点的关键句子的能力；（3）对所读材料各段落之间的逻辑意义进行判断、推理和引申的能力；（4）注意一些对理解全文或某个关键句子起着重要的作用的细节问题的能力；（5）领会作者的观点和判断作者的态度，或者从阅读材料所隐含的意思中推断出作者的观点和态度的能力。
总之，阅读理解部分不但要求掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想，而且要求考生注意文中细节；不但要求对具体事实情节的理解，而且要求对其抽象含义的理解，既要理解字面意思，又要理解其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、意图等；既要求理解文中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系，又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理；既要求考生能够运用材料中的信息去理解、分析问题，又要求考生能运用应有的常识去分析、理解问题。
博士英语阅读理解解题技巧
博士英语阅读理解解题技巧Title: Mastering English Reading Comprehension for Doctoral Students.English reading comprehension is a crucial skill for doctoral students, especially in an academic environment where a deep understanding of research articles, theses, and dissertations is essential. Mastering this skill requires a combination of strategic approaches and regular practice. Here are some tips to help doctoral students excel in English reading comprehension.1. Understand the Purpose of Reading.Before delving into any text, it's important to understand why you are reading it. Are you looking for specific information? Trying to understand a new concept? Or, are you analyzing an argument? Knowing your purpose helps you focus on the relevant information and saves time.2. Preview the Text.Scanning the title, subtitles, and conclusions before reading the entire text gives you an overview of the content. This previewing helps you anticipate what the text is about and prepare your mind for the information.3. Active Reading.Passive reading, where you simply scan the words, is not effective for comprehension. Active reading involves actively engaging with the text. This includes highlighting key ideas, taking notes, and asking yourself questions about the content.4. Expand Your Vocabulary.A rich vocabulary enhances your reading comprehension. Encountering unfamiliar words? Don't immediately skip them. Instead, try to guess their meaning based on the context. Look them up later to confirm your guess and expand your vocabulary.5. Understand the Structure of the Text.Most academic texts follow a specific structure, withan introduction, main body, and conclusion. Understanding this structure helps you quickly navigate the text and find the information you need.6. Practice with Diverse Texts.Practice makes perfect. Regularly reading diverse texts, such as research articles, books, newspapers, and online content, improves your reading speed and comprehension.7. Analyze the Author's Arguments.Critical thinking is essential in doctoral-level reading. Analyze the author's arguments, evaluate their validity, and consider alternative perspectives. This exercise not only improves your comprehension but also prepares you for academic discussions and debates.8. Use Reading Strategies.Different reading strategies, such as skimming, scanning, and deep reading, can be useful depending on the purpose of reading. For example, skimming helps you quickly identify the main ideas of a text, while deep reading allows you to understand the text's deeper meanings and implications.9. Reflect on Your Understanding.After reading, take a moment to reflect on what you have understood. Ask yourself questions about the text, such as "What are the main ideas?" or "How does this information relate to my research or studies?" This reflection helps consolidate your understanding and makes the information more meaningful.10. Seek Help When Needed.If you encounter a difficult passage or concept, don't be afraid to seek help. You can discuss it with your peers,mentors, or even seek online resources to clarify your doubts.In conclusion, enhancing English reading comprehension as a doctoral student requires a conscious effort andregular practice. By understanding the purpose of reading, previewing the text, actively engaging with it, expanding your vocabulary, understanding the text's structure, practicing with diverse texts, analyzing author's arguments, using reading strategies, reflecting on your understanding, and seeking help when needed, you can significantly improve your reading comprehension skills. These skills will not only aid you in your academic journey but also prepare you for the challenges of a lifetime of learning andintellectual growth.。
博士研究生入学考试英语阅读理解题型及答题技巧
博士研究生入学考试英语阅读理解题型及答题技巧考博网编辑整理考博论坛一、事实细节题1．命题规律1）列举处指的是first…,second,…third…等并列关系词出现的部分2）举例和打比方的地方常考3）指示代词出现处常考4）引用人物论断处常考5）特殊标点符号后的内容常考。
破折号，括号，冒号，引号2答题技巧1）针对例子、引言、特殊符号，要对号入座2）针对某一段的内容提问3）选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案，而同义词替换的一般是答案4）选项中较具体和肤浅地表达了字面意思地一般不是答案，而概括性地、抽象、含义深刻地是答案项5）选项内容与其他三项有较大差别的，可能为答案6）答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案7）选项中符合一般常识，意义深刻富有哲理，属于普遍现象的往往是答案8）细节干扰项特点：与原句内容相反与原文内容一般相同一半不同与原句内容相似但过于绝对化原文没有提到二、判断词汇和短语的意义题1命题规律1）含有指示代词的句中常有被考察词汇2）具体环境中具有指代上下文语义功能的词汇3）一词多义的常见词4）对比处常考5）复杂句常考2应试技巧1）看所考词汇与全篇文章主题的关系，关系相近符合主题的是答案2）通过连接词关系判断被考词汇含义–And表接近和递进–Or表示相反或进一步解释和说明3）选项含义与被考单词在含义上肤浅相近的一般不是答案4）利用被考词的修饰、限定成分判断其含义5）定冠词the+被考词汇，前句有解6）选项内容全面、概括性强的一般是答案三、推理判断题1命题规律1）综合性推论和判断题常会围绕文章出题，归纳篇首、篇尾及段落中的主题句2）合性推论和判断题还可围绕文章若干段落进行，要求推论和判断段落间的关系3）对支持主题思想的细节部分进行判断推理4）文章和段落的开头处，尤其是文章结尾总结处常被考5）语义转折处常考2应试技巧1）若要求对某段内容进行判断、推论，那么就只看提干要求做答的那一段2）选项措辞过于绝对化的，一般不是答案项3）合乎常理的选项一般是答案项，照抄原文和对文中做字面解释的则不是答案4）弄清主题思想5）逻辑推理题干扰项特点不是在文章事实基础上进行推理推理过头，概括过度四、主旨大意题1命题规律1）段首、段尾句常考2）特殊标点符号，尤其段首的特殊符号的内容往往表达了作者的论点3）语义转折处，尤其在段首的语义转折处常是考点4）因果句常考2应试技巧1）答案很可能在首尾段2）出现频率高的词可能是蕴涵中心思想的关键词3）判断选项内容，片面、单一的内容应排除4）主旨大意题干扰项特点只是局部信息，或是一句没有展开的化，或是某一段的内容概括范围太宽无关信息五、观点态度题1命题规律1）涉及文章中心思想处易考2）作者提出观点处易考3）语义转折和强对比处易考4）文章中有复杂句、特殊句型处易考2应试技巧1）辨别文体议论文中心句说明文中立描述性文找暗示性短语和词汇2）分析段落大意，分析文章走向3）区分不同的观点注意直接引语和间接引语In my view,in my opinion,personally,I think,I hold4)分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词褒义词positive,supporting,praising,optimistic,admiring,interesting,humorous,serious,enthusiastic,pleasant,polite,concerned,sober贬义词Disgusted,critical,negative,suspicious, tolerant,worried,pessimistic,depressed, disappointed,ironic,sarcastic,bitter, cynical,sentimental,emotional,angry中性词Indifferent,impassive,uninterested, ambivalent,neutral,impersonal,subjective, objective,informative,impartial,apathetic 文体鉴别词Formal,informal,casual。
考博英语阅读理解解题对策及技巧
考博英语阅读理解解题对策及技巧阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：(1)掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。
(2)既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。
(3)既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。
(4)能理解某句、某段的意义，并能把握全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的关系，并能据此进行推理和判断。
(5)能根据材料所提供的信息，结合应有的常识正确判断生词和短语的含义。
(一)阅读理解题的命题依据及趋势阅读理解题主要考查考生获取准确信息的能力。
考查方式包括两大类：一类为客观理解题，即理解文章中叙述的具体事实和抽象概念；另一类为主观理解题，即通过阅读文章，对文章的主旨和深层的意义、作者的意图和态度以及整篇文章的逻辑关系有更深入的理解，并据此进行推理和判断。
根据对近几年阅读理解试卷的分析，可推测未来该题型仍会保持其命题的基本原则，在选择文段方面会涉及更多交际功能强、实用性强的应用文、说明文等，涉及人文、社会、历史、科学、政经等多领域的题材。
题目设计会进一步向较深层次发展，需要考生有足够的'词汇储备量和丰富的相关知识积累。
综合归纳、推理判断以及细节转换理解题会更加突出。
在解题中，可将题型进行分类，还应明确命题立意，如：(1)注意篇章结构组织的分析理解题的立意。
(2)注意词语转换理解题的立意。
(3)注意细节理解题中转换理解的立意。
题目设计上无一道题可直接"对号入座"，均要通过词义语意进行转换理解，需找到与之对应的相近意义的词和句，有时要进行快速计算或归纳。
(4)注意判断推理题的立意。
一般可分事实判断推理题和识别语气心态题两种。
(5)注意主旨理解的立意。
考生在解答此类题目时，应仔细寻找文中的关键句(二)阅读理解题的解题对策及技巧根据历年的试卷命题特点，英语篇章阅读理解题对考生提出了如下的能力要求：(1)丰富的英语词语知识和巩固、扎实、熟练的英语语法知识。
2018年考博英语阅读理解逻辑题考点【四篇】
2018年考博英语阅读理解逻辑题考点【四篇】导读：本文2018年考博英语阅读理解逻辑题考点【四篇】，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
在解释句子题、插入句子题中，一旦出现对比关系，学生在掌握的基础上就能非常快速的判定句间和句内的关系。
While、whereas 前后连接的是平行结构，on the other hand前必定有on one hand，可以用来把握句间关系。
B 转折：but、although、nevertheless、however转折是英语四级阅读的一个经典考点之一，掌握这些转折词对考试非常有帮助。
【第二篇：因果关系】因：because、because of、for、as、since、in that、on account of、with果：so、so that、therefore、thereby、as a result、hence、thus、consequently、accordingly因果关系除了传统意义上的显性因果表达词外，隐性的因果同样是不可忽略的一个重要部分。
隐性因果：A 导致(因-果)：cause、reason、lead to、give rise to、result in、render、make、let、ask、push、stimulate、fuel、produce如：The increased presures of expanding population have led to the removal of woody plants so that many cities and tow are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees.在这段话中，有lead to表示了导致的意思，即结果，而so that 更进一步表示了后面的结果，所以可以充分判定这段话有因果关系的逻辑。
B 由…而来(果-因)：result from、derive from、originate from、initiate from、stem from、be attributable to如：“The extreme serioue of desertification results from the vast areas of land and tremendous numbers of peopleaffected，as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the proce.”在这段话中，根据result from可以推断出有因果关系，那如果是解释句子题时，选项中有因果关系就可以优先考虑。
2018考研英语阅读各题型解题要点
2018考研英语阅读各题型解题要点考研英语阅读分值占比大，下面一起来看看2018考研英语阅读各题型解题要点？供大家参考。
考研英语阅读时英语科目复习的重中之重，尤其是冲刺阶段，阅读一定要注意掌握方法技巧，提高速度和准确率，下面重点分享各类题型解题要点，大家参考。
一、细节题【解题方法】题干+选项精确定位法【解题步骤】1. 找出题干关键词，精确定位到文章返回原文可依据以下几个关键点来：1)可以根据题干所列的地点、时间、人物、事物返回原文2)根据出题的顺序返回原文3)根据题干中或四个选项中的重点词，或同义词返回原文4)经过长难句返回原文。
2. 将所选答案精确定位到文章【例题】2014年Text 121. According to Dumn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A] A big house[B] A special tour[C] A stylish car[D] A rich mealThese two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms. Dumn and Mr. Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time - as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.【解题步骤应用】1 题干定位Dumn and Norton--- Ms. Dumn and Mr. NortonAccording to---saythe most rewarding ---far betterpurchase--- to spend money on因此，答案定位在experiences like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema.2 选项定位答案[B] A special tourspecial----interesting 表示"特别的，有趣的"a tour----trips 表示"旅程"。
2018-英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解-word范文 (8页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解中考英语阅读答题技巧：答案在哪里快速通读从文章里找答案中考英语的阅读理解部分有3篇文章，共15个选择题。
阅读最重要的是积累，没有一蹴而就的办法。
平时要多阅读、多听，久而久之就能找到语感，也就是有些同学说的“有感觉”。
在这里介绍一个扩大词汇量的简便方法，那就是看到“长得像”但不认识的单词就去查字典，说不定它就是你所认识的某个单词的“亲戚”，或者是形容词、名词、副词等形式，这样一来你等于又多认识了几个单词。
很多时候，做阅读理解题需要从文章里找答案。
这并不是要求考生去逐字逐句阅读，而相反是快速通读全文大概了解文章意思后，仔细阅读每个题目，遇到试题内容与原文内容相近的，就立即找到原文对应的位置仔细阅读。
做题按“先易后难”顺序根据往年中考的规律，阅读理解的3篇文章，一般是第一篇和第三篇较容易，第二篇较难，尤其是第二篇的最后两道选择题，往往需要考生去揣测文章作者的意思。
因此，建议考生按照“先易后难”的原则，先把第一篇和第三篇做完之后再去做第二篇，这样可以避免在难题上纠结而浪费过多时间，也可以树立一定的信心。
根据多年的经验，完形填空和看图填词里一般均有2-4题是考察固定短语搭配，比如动宾、动补搭配等。
这些固定短语搭配需要学生经常温习和巩固。
高考英语阅读理解答题技巧高三学生进入复习阶段以后，首先要对课本进行系统复习，特别注意对每单元语法和句法等基础知识的复习。
另外，要认真学习和理解课本上的阅读材料，因为高考文章的阅读难度与课本所选文章的阅读难度相当。
同时这样做还可以扩大词汇量，提高阅读理解能力。
以下小编为大家整理的201X高考英语阅读理解高分秘籍，供大家阅读!1.4篇75—80分钟，平均每篇15—20分钟。
2.读文章的时间分配：用6—8分钟完成第一遍阅读，10—14分钟来琢磨题目，每题平均2分钟。
考博英语阅读理解满分技巧方案
考博英语阅读理解满分技巧方案引导语：北冥有鱼，其名为鲲。
鲲之大，不知其几千里也；化而为鸟，其名为鹏。
鹏之背，不知其几千里也；怒而飞，其翼若垂天之云。
鹏之徙于南冥也，水击三千里，抟扶摇而上者九万里……——《庄子·内篇·逍遥游》笔者常常听到许多考生参加完博士生入学英语考试后摇头叹息：“明明我看懂了全文也仔细斟酌了题问和选项，可阅读理解为什么还是错的一遢糊涂？”有的甚至仰天长叹：“路漫漫其修远兮，吾将痛苦而求索？”呜乎哀哉，其原因在几何？不过笔者这里面对的是90%以上的普通考生，这些特例基本上是靠运气的一种赌博，笔者从不赌博，笔者只希望每位考生能够真正把成功牢牢握在手里。
所以说真正看懂全文才是实力的体现和满分的基础。
其次，也有的考生的确看懂了全文却分数不高，笔者认为其中的原因也有两方面，一是缺乏阅读的技巧，虽然看懂了但真正作起题来却还是拿不定主意，结果既耽搁了时间又影响了心态，而心态有时候在考试中起着至关重要的作用。
二是缺乏对考博阅读理解特殊性的认识，所以他们往往一不小心就落入了一个个陷阱当中，身陷泥潭不能自拔。
这两方面都是本书要重点解决的问题：真正让实力高者无怨无悔，让实力庸者扬眉吐气。
楔子二：阅读理解模拟题的选择①对市面上阅读理解模拟题的分析：市面上关于英语阅读理解的辅导书如前所述多如过江之鲤，但是真正有用的有多少呢？不可否认，这些辅导书对于提高阅读理解水平的作用是不用置疑的，但是现在问题的焦点并不是在于是否对于提高阅读的实力有帮助，而是对于研究生英语阅读理解的考试是否有立竿见影的效果。
只有立足于考博，并根据考博的实际情况制定的阅读资料才有可能对考博的英语阅读理解有直接的帮助，否则就是误人子弟了。
对于市面上的阅读理解辅导书，笔者以为大致有以下两个方面的致命伤：一、在提供的短文中无缘无故的加大超纲单词量有不少参考书都是这样，为了表示这本书的难度很大，于是在短文中加入大量的超纲单词，单词本来就是英语的基础，所以从表面上来看，的确短文的难度很大。
2018年医学考博英语阅读理解全翻及解题思路详解
2018年医学考博英语阅读理解全解及详解Passage OneWhen Tony Wagner, the Harvard education specialist, describes his job today, he says he’s "a translator between two hostile tribes—the education world and the business world, the people who teach our kids and the people who give them jobs. Wagner’s argument in his book Creating Innovators: The Making of Young People Who Will Change the World is that our K-12 and college tracks are not consistently "adding the value and teaching the skills that matter most in the marketplace".【本节高频词汇】hostile adj.敌对的K12---kindergarten through twelfth grade的简写，是指从幼儿园（Kindergarten，通常5-6岁）到十二年级（Grade Twelve，通常17-18岁），这两个年纪是美国、澳大利亚及英国、加拿大的免费教育头尾的两个年级，K-12是国际上对基础教育的统称。
Track：n、v 轨道，追踪，走。
【本节翻译】托尼•华格纳是哈佛教育专家。
在描述自己现在的工作的时候，他说自己是"两个敌对部落的译者''，即教育界和商界，有人为人们教育孩童,有人为人们提供工作。
华格纳在自己的《创造革新者:改变世界的年轻人》一书中称,K12和大学教育并没有相应“增加价值，并教授在市场上最重要的技能"。
考博英语阅读理解及答案解析
Passage 1The physical distribution of products has two primary aspects: transportation and storage. Both aspects are highly developed and specialized phases of marketing. The costs of both trans-porting and storing are built into the prices of products. Transportation can be by truck, rail-way, ship, or barge. For some items, such as exotic plants and flowers, or when rapid delivery is essential, air freight may be used.Storage, or warehousing, is a necessary function because production and consumption of goods rarely match: items generally are not sold as quickly as they are made. Inventories build up, both in warehouses and at retail establishments, before the foods are sold. The transporta-tion function is involved in bringing goods to a warehouse and taking them from it to retail stores.Storage performs the service of stabilizing market price. If, for example, no agricultural product could be stored, all food would have to be put on the market immediately. This would, of course, create a glut and lower prices drastically. There would be an immediate benefit to consumers, but in the long run they would suffer. Farmers, because of low prices, would be forced off the land, and the amount of food produced would decrease. This, in turn, would raise consumer prices.Warehouses for storage are of several types. Private warehouses are owned by manufactur-ers. Public warehouses, in spite of their name, are privately owned facilities, but they are in-dependent of manufacturer ownership. General-merchandise warehouses store a great variety of products. Cold-storage warehouses store perishable goods, especially food products. Grain ele-vators are a kind of warehouse used to keep wheat and other grains from spoiling. A bonded warehouse is one that stores foods, frequently imported, on which taxes must be paid before they are sold. Cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are common examples.The distribution center is a more recently developed kind of warehouse. Many large com- panics have several manufacturing plants, sometimes located outside the country. Each plant does not make every company product but specializes in one or more of them. The distribution center allows a manufacturer to bring together all product lines in one place. Its purpose is to minimize storage and to ease the flow of goods from manufacturers to retailers rather than build up extensive inventories. It reduces costs by speeding up product turnover. Very large corporations will have several distribution centers regionally or internationally based1. The main subject of this passage is______.A) transportation and storage B) storage of productsC) distribution center D) two main aspects of product distribution2. Warehousing is important in that _A) inventories build up before the goods are soldB) the prices will go downC) more goods are produced than can be consumedD) the food has to be put on the market immediately3. How many types of warehouses for storage are discussed in the passage?A) 3. B) 4. C) 6. D) 7.4. Where might one find meat and milk?A) Grain elevator. B) Cold-storage warehouse.C) Private warehouse. D) Bonded warehouse.5. What is NOT true of a distribution center?A) It is a relatively new type of warehouse.B) Product is replaced more quickly and costs are down.C) Some distribution centers are not built in the sane country as the factoryD) It builds up extensive inventories to minimize storage.Passage 2How much pain do animals feel? This is a question which has caused endless controversy. Opponents of big game shooting, for example, arouse our pity by describing tile agonies of a badly-wounded beast that has crawled into a comer to die. In countries where the fox, the hare and the deer are hunted, animal-lovers paint harrowing pictures of the pursued animal suffering not only the physical distress of the chase but the mental anguish of anticipated death.The usual answer to these criticisms is that animals do not suffer in the same way, or to the same extent, as we de. Man was created with a delicate nervous system and has never lost his acute sensitiveness to pain; animals, on the other hand, had less sensitive systems to begin with and in the course of millions of years, have developed a capacity of ignoring injuries and disorders which human beings would find intolerable. For example, a dog will continue to play with a ball even after a serious injury to his foot; he may be unable to run without limping, but he will go on trying long after a human child would have had to stop because of the pain. We are told, moreover, that even when animals appear to us to be suffering acutely, this is not so; what seems to us to be agonized contortions caused by pain are in fact no more than muscular contractions over which they have no control.These arguments are unsatisfactory because something about which we know a great deal is being compared with something we can only conjecture. We know what we feel; we have no means of knowing what animals feet. Some creatures with a less delicate nervous system than ours may be incapable of feeling pain to the same extent as we do: that as far as we are entitled to do, the most humane attitude, surely, is to assume that no animals are entirely exempt from physical pain and that we ought, therefore, wherever possible, to avoid causing suffering even to the least of them.6. Animal-lovers assume that animals, being hunted, would suffer from ____.A) a great deal of agony both in body and in spiritB) mental distress once they are woundedC) only body pains without feeling sadD) crawling into the comer to die7. Supporters of game shooting may argue that animals ______.A) cannot control their muscular contractionsB) have developed a capacity of feeling no painC) are not as acutely sensitive as human beings to injuriesD) can endure all kinds of disorders8. The author feels sure that _____.A) animals don't show suffering to usB) dogs are more endurable than human childrenC) we cannot know what animals feelD) comparing animals with human beings is not appropriate9. What is the author's opinion about animal hunting?A) We should feel the same as the hunted animals do.B) We should protect and save all the animals.C) We shouldn't cause suffering to them.D) We should take care of them if we can.10. This passage seems to ____.A) argue for something B) explain somethingC) tell a story D) describe an objectPassage 3In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A the-ory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion.A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experi-merits to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists' predictions, the theory is sup-ported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected.Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said: "Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house."Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem areformulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses.In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown. It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes ob-servations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.11. The word "this" in the 3rd sentence in paragraph 1 refers to ______.A) a good example B) an imaginary modelC) the kinetic molecular theory D) an observed event12. Bricks are mentioned in the 3rd paragraph to indicate how ____.A) mathematicians approach scienceB) building a house is like performing experimentsC) science is more than a collection of factsD) scientific experiments have led to improved technology13. In the last paragraph, the author refers to a hypothesis as "a leap into the unknown" in or- der to show that hypotheses ______.A) are sometimes ill-conceived B) can lead to dangerous resultsC) go beyond available facts D) require effort to formulate14. What is a major function of hypotheses as implied in the last paragraph7A) Sifting through known facts.B) Communicating a scientist's thoughts to others.C) Providing direction for scientific research.D) Linking together different theories.15. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?A) Theories are simply imaginary models of past events.B) It is better to revise a hypothesis than to reject it.C) A scientist's most difficult task is testing hypotheses.D) A good scientist needs to be creative.文章大意：这篇文章从定义、作用及产生过程几方面阐述了科学理论。
2018年全国医学统考考博英语真题与答案
2018 年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题试卷一 (Paper One)Part I Listening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once, after you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answers and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder You haven’t had a bite all day.Question: What’s the matter with the woman?You will read:A. She is sick.B. She is bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B ● D Now let’s begin with question Number 1.1. A. On campus B. At he dentist’sC.At the pharmacyD. In the laboratory2. A. Pain B. Weakness C. Fatigue D. Headache3. A. Their weird behavior at school.B. Their superior cleverness over others’.C. Their tendency to have learning difficulty.D. Their reluctance to switch to right handedness.4. A. John will be angry. B. John will be disappointed.C. John will be attracted.D. John will be frightened.5. A. Th ey’re quite normal. B. They’re not available.C. They came unexpected.D. They need further explanation.6. A. He knows so little about Lady GagaB. He has met Lady Gaga before.C. He should have known Lady GagaD. He is a big fan of Lady Gaga.C. In the emergency room.D. On their way to the hospital8. A. Health care B. Health reformC. Health educationD. Health maintenance9. A. Learning to act intuitively.B. Learning to argue academically.C. Learning to be critical of oneself.D. Learning to think critically and reason10. A. She is a pharmacist. B. She is a medical doctor.C. She is a scientist in robotics.D. She is a pharmacologist.11. A. She’s pessimistic about the future.B. She’s pessimistic about the far future.C. She’s optimistic about the far future.D. She’s optimistic about the near future.12. A. Negligence may put a patient in danger.B. Patients must listen to doctors and nurses.C. Qualified doctors and nurses are in bad need.D. Patients should be careful about choosing the right hospital.13. A. The man works at eh ER.B. The man can do nothing but wait.C. The woman’s condition is critical.D. The woman is a capable paramedic.14. A. A gynecologist. B. A psychologistC. A neurologist.D. A nephrologist.15. A. She has only one friend.B. She isolates herself from others.C. She suffers from a chronic disease.D. She is jobless and can’t find a job.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages, after each of which, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.DialogueQuestions 16-20 are based on the following dialogue.16. A. Because she couldn’t do other jobs well.B. Because it was her dream since childhood.C. Because she was fed up with all her previous jobs.D. Because two professors found talent in her and inspired her to do it.17. A. The Self/Nonself Model B. The Danger ModelC. The vaccination theoryD. The immunological theory18. A. Being overactive B. Being mutantC. Being selectiveD. Being resistant19. A. It can help cure most cancers.B. It can help develop new drugs.C. It can help most genetic diseases.D. It can help change the nature of medicine.20. A. We should ignore the resistance.B. We should have the model improved.C. We should have the experiments on animals.D. We should move from animals to human.Passage One21. A. The profits form medical tourism.B.The trendy phenomenon of medical tourism.C.The soaring health care costs around the word.D.The steps to take in developing medical tourism22. A. Affordable costs B. Low pace of livingC. Five-star treatmentD. Enjoyable health vacation23. A. It is a$100 billion business already.B. It is growing along with medical tourism.C. Its costs are skyrocketing with medical tourism.D. It offers more medical options than western medicine.24. A. To set up a website for blogging about medical tourism.B. To modify our lifestyles and health behaviors.C. To buy and affordable medical insurance.D. To explore online to get well informed.25. A. A travel brochure.B. A lecture on medical tourism.C. A chapter of a medical textbook.D. A webpage promotional material.Passage TwoQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.26. A. Song sparrows take good care of their babies.B. Young song sparrows back the skills and experience of their parents.C. There are different kind of song sparrows in different seasons.D. Young and old song sparrows experience climate change different.27. A. In the warmer spring B. In the hottest summerC. In the coolest autumnD. In the coldest winter28. A. Because they lack the skill and experience to find food.B. Because they have not developed a strong body yet.C. Because they cannot endure the unusual heat.D. Because they cannot find enough food.29. A. They are less sensitive to the effect of climate change thanks to their parents.B. They are quick to develop strong bodies to encounter climate change.C. They experience food insufficiency due to climate change.D. They are as sensitive to climate change as the juveniles.30. A. Body size B. Migration routeC. Food preferenceD. Population growthPart Ⅱ Vocabulary (10%)Section ADirections: In this section, all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence, then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.31.The medical team discussed their shared ____to eliminating this curable disease.A.obedienceB. susceptibilityC. inclinationD. dedication32. Many of us are taught from an early age that the grown-up response to pain, weakness, oremotional_____is to ignore it, to tough it out.A. TurmoilB. rebellionC. temptationD. relaxation33. Those depressed kids seem to care little about others,____communication and indulge in theirown worlds.A. put downB. shut downC. settle downD. break down34. The school board attached great emphasis to____ in students a sense of modesty and a sense ofcommunity.A. dilutingB. inspectingC. instillingD. disillusioning35. Our brain is very good at filtering out sensory information that is not______to what we need tobe attending to.A. pertinentB. permanentC. precedentD. prominent36. New studies have found a rather____correlation between the presence of small particles andboth obesity and diabetes.A. collaboratingB. comprehendingC. compromisingD. convincing37. We must test our____about what to include in the emulation and at what level at detail.A. intelligenceB. imitationsC. hypothesisD. precautions.38. We must____the problem____, which is why our map combines both brain structure andfunction measurements at large scale and high resolution.A. set...backB. take...overC. pull...inD. break...down39. Asthma patient doesn’t need continuous treatment because his symptoms are rather____thanpersistent.A. intermittentB. precedentC. dominantD. prevalent40. It is simply a fantastic imagination to_____that one can master a foreign language overnight.A. conceiveB. concealC. convertD. conform Section BDirections: Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.41. The truly competent physician is the one who sits down, senses the “mystery”of anotherhuman beings, and often the simple gifts of personal interest and understanding.A. imaginableB. capableC. sensibleD. humble42. The physician often perceived that treatment was initiated by the patient.A. conservedB. theorizedC. realizedD. persisted43. Large community meals might have served to lubricate social connections and alleviatedtensions.A. facilitateB. intimidateC. terminateD. mediate44. Catalase activity reduced glutathione and Vitamin E levels were decreased exclusively insubjects with active disease.A. definitelyB. trulyC. simplyD. solely45. Ocular anomalies were frequently observed in this cohort of offspring born after in vitrofertilization.A. FetusesB. descendantsC. seedsD. orphans46. Childhood poverty should be regarded as the single greatest public health menace facing ourchildren.A. breachB. griefC. threatD. abuse47. A distant dream would be to deliberately set off quakes to release tectonic stress in a controlledway.A. definitelyB. desperatelyC. intentionallyD. identically48. Big challenges still await companies converting carbon dioxide to petrol.A. applyingB. relatingC. relayingD. transforming49. Concern have recently been voiced that the drugs elicit unexpected cognitive side effects, suchas memory loss, fuzzy thinking and learning difficulties.A. ensueB. encounterC. impedeD. induce50. A leaf before the eye shuts out Mount Tai, which means having one’s view of the importantovershadowed by the trivial.A. insignificantB. insufficientC. substantialD. unexpectedPart ⅢCloze (10%)Directions: In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of yourchoice on the ANSWER SHEIET.The same benefits and drawbacks are found when using CT scanning to detect lung cancer—the three-dimensional imaging, improve detection of disease but creates hundreds of images that increase a radiologist’s workload, which, 51 , can result in missed positive scans.Researchers at University of Chicago Pritizker School of Medicine presented 52 data on a CAD (computer-aided diagnosis) program they’ve designed that helps radiologist spot lung cancer 53 CT scanning. Their study was 54 by the NIH and the university.In the study, CAD was applied to 32 low-dose CT scanning with a total of 50 lung nodules, 38 of which were biopsy-confirmed lung cancer that were not found during initial clinical exam. 55 the 38 missed cancers,15 were the result of interpretation error (identifying an image but 56 it as non cancerous) and 23 57 observational error(not identifying the cancerous image).CAD found 32 of the 38 previously missed cancers (84% sensitivity), with false-positive 58 of 1.6 per section.Although CAD improved detection of lung ca ncer, it won’t replace radiologists, said Sgmuel G Armato, PhD, lead author of the study.” The computer is not perfect,”Armato said.” It will miss some cancers and call some things cancer that 59 . The radiologists can identify normal anatomy that the computer may 60 something suspicious. It’s a spell-checker of sorts, or a second opinion.51.A. in common B. in turn C. in one D. in all52.A. preliminary B. considerate C. deliberate D. ordinary53.A. being used B. to use C. using D. use54.A. investigated B. originated C. founded D. funded55.A. From B. Amid C. Of D. In56.A. disseminating B. degenerating C. dismissing D. deceiving57.A. were mistaken for B. were attributed to C. result in D. gave away to58.A. mortalities B. incidences C. images D. rates59.A. don’t B. won’t C. aren’t D. wasn’t60.A. stand for B. search for C. account for D. mistake forPart Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneWhen Tony Wagner, the Harvard education specialist, describes his job today, he says he’s“a translator between two hostile tribes”—the education world and the business world, the people who teach our kids and the people who give them jobs. Wagner’s ar gument in his book “Creating Innovations: The Making of Young People Who Wil l Change the World” is that our K-12 and college tracks are not consistently “adding the value and teaching the skills that matter most in themarketplace.”This is dangerous at a time when there is increasingly to such things as a high-wage, middle-skilled job—the thing that sustained the middle class in the last generation. Now, there is only a high-wage, high-skilled job. Every middle-class job today is being pulled up, out or down faster than ever. That is, it either requires more skill or can be done by more people around the world or is being buried made obsolete faster than ever. Which is why the goal of education today, argues Wagner, should not be to make every child “college ready” but “innovation ready”—ready to add value to whatever they do.That is a tall task. I tracked Wagner down and asked him to elaborate. “Today,” he said via e-mail,” because knowledge is available on every Internet-connected device, what you know matters far less than what you can do with what you know. The capacity to innovate—the ability to solve problems creatively or bring new possibilities to life and skills like critical thinking，communication and collaboration are far more important than acade mic knowledge. As one executive told me, “We can teach new hires the content. And we will have to because it continues to change, but we can’t teach them how to think—to ask the right questions—and to take initiative.”My generation had it easy. We got to “find” a job. But, more than ever, our kids will have to “invent” a job. Sure, the lucky ones will find their first job, but, given the pace of change today, even they will have to reinvent, re-engineer and reimagine that job much often than their parents if they want to advance in it.“Finland is one of the most innovative economics in the world,”Wagner said,” and it is the only country where students leave high school ‘innovation-ready.’ They lea rn concepts and creativity more than facts, and have a choice of many elective—all with a shorter school day, little homework, and almost no testing. There are a growing number of “reinvented”colleges like the Olin College of Engineering, the M.I.T. Media L ab and the “D-school” Stanford where students learn to innovate.”61.In his book, Wagner argues that _____.A.the education world is hostile to our kidsB.the business world is hostile to those seeking jobsC.the business world is too demanding on the education worldD.the education world should teach what the marketplace demands62. What does the “tall task” refer to in the third paragraph?A. Sustaining the middle class.B. Saving high-wage, middle-skilled jobs.C. Shifting from “college ready” in “innovation ready.”D. Preventing middle-class jobs from becoming obsolete fast.63. What is mainly expressed in Wagner’s e-mail?A. New hires should be taught the content rather than the ways of thinking.B. Knowledge is more readily available on Internet-connected devices.C. Academic knowledge is still the most important to teach.D. Creativity and skills matter more than knowledge.64. What is implied in the fourth paragraph?A. Jobs favor the lucky ones in every generation.B. Jobs changed slowly in the autho r’s generation.C. The author’s generation led an easier life than their kids.D. It was easy for the author’s generation to find their first job.65. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. to orient future educationB. to exemplify the necessary shift in educationC. to draw a conclusion about the shift in educationD. to criticize some colleges for their practices in educationPassage TwoBy the end of this century, the average world temperature is expected to increase between one and four degrees, with widespread effects on rainfall, sea levels and animal habitats. But in the Arctic, where the effects of climate change are most intense, the rise in temperature could be twice as much.Understanding how Arctic warming will affect the people, animals, plant and marine life and economic activity in Canada’s North are important to the country’s future, says Kent Moore, and atmospheric physicist at University of Toronto Mississauga who is participating in a long-term, international study of the marine ecosystem along the Beaufort Sea, from Alaska to the Mackenzie delta.The study will add to our knowledge of everything from the extent of sea ice in the region to how fish stocks will change to which areas could become targets for oil and gas exploration to the impact on the indigenous people who call this part of the country home.Moore, who has worked in the Arctic for more than 20 years, says his research has already found that thinning sea ice and changes in wind patterns are causing an important change in the marine food chain: phytoplankton（浮游植物）is blooming two to three weeks earlier. Many animals time their annual migration to the Arctic for when food is plentiful, and have not adapted to the earlier bloom. “Animal behavio r can evolve over a long time, but these climate changes are happening in the space of a decade, rather than hundreds of years,” says Moore,“Animals can’t change their behavior that quickly.”A warmer Arctic is expected to have important effects on human activity in the region, as the Northwest Passage becomes navigable during the summer, and resource extraction becomes more feasible. Information gained from the study will help government, industry and communities make decisions about resource management, economic development and environmental protection.Moore says the study—which involves Canadian, American and European researchers and government agencies—will also use a novel technology to gather atmospheric data: remotely piloted drones. “The drones have the capability of a large research aircraft, and they’re easier to deploy,” he says, showing the researchers to gather information on a more regular basis than they would be able to with piloted aircraft.66. By the end of this century, according to the author, global warming will_____.A. start to bring about extreme weather events to humans and animalsB. increase the average world temperature by four degreesC. cause more damages to the whole world than expectedD. affect the Arctic more than any other parts of the earth67. To help understand the destructive mechanism of Arctic warming, as indicated by the passage,the international study ____.A. is conducted with every single discipline of University of TorontoB. pioneers in pursuing the widespread effects of climate change.C. involves so many countries for different investigationsD. is intended to deal with various aspects in research68. When he says, “Animals can’t change their behavior that quickly,” what does Moore mean bythat quick?A. The migration of the animals to the Arctic.B. The widespread effects of global warming.C. The rate of the climate change in the Arctic.D. The phytoplankton within the marine ecosystem.69. According to the author, to carry out proper human activities in the Arctic_____.A. becomes more difficult than ever before.B. is likely to build a novel economy in the region.C. will surely lower the average world temperature.D. needs the research-based supporting information.70. With the drones deployed, as Moore predicts, the researchers will_____.A. involve more collaborating countries than they do now.B. get more data to be required for their research.C. use more novel technologies in research.D. conduct their research at a regular basis.Passage ThreeSkilled clinical history-taking and physical examination remain essential as the basis of the disease diagnosis and management, aided by investigations such as radiological or biochemical tests. Technological advances over the past few decades mean that such investigations now can be refined, or even replaced in some cases, by the measurement of genetic or genomic biomarkers. The molecular characteristics of a disorder or the genetic make-up of an individual can fine tune a diagnosis and inform its management. These new capabilities, often termed “stratified（分层的）” or “personalized” medicine, are likely to have profound effect on the practice of medicine and service delivery.Genetic medicine, which uses genetic or genomic biomarkers in this way, has, until recently, been the province of a small minority of specialized physicians who have used it to diagnose or assess risk of inherited disease. Recognition that most disease has a genetic component, the development and application of new genetic tests to identify important disease subsets and the availability of cost-effective interventions mean that genetic medicine must be integrated more widely across healthcare services. In order to optimize benefit equitably across the population, physicians and services need to be ready to change and adapt to new ways of working.Perhaps the greatest challenge is to ensure the readiness of physicians to use these genomic technologies for maximum effect, so that genetic medicine is incorporated into mainstream specialties. For some clinicians, particularly those involved in clinical research, these advances are already a reality.However, a sizable majority do not yet recognize the relevance of genetics for their clinical practice, perceiving genetic conditions to be rare and untreatable. Maximizing genomic opportunities also means being aware of their limitations, media portrayals that indicate that genetic information gives clear-cut answers are often unrealistic. Indeed, knowing one’s entire genomic seq uence is no the crystal ball of our future that many hope it to be，and physicians will need to be more familiar with what is hype（鼓吹）and what is reality for the integration of genetics into mainstream medicine to be successful.Finally, both professional and public should have a realistic view of what is possible. Although the discovery of genetic risk factors in common diseases such as heart disease and cancer has led to important insights about disease mechanisms, the predictive power of individual genetic variants is often very low. Developments in bioinformatics will need to evolve considerably before the identification of a particular combination of genetic variants in an individual will have clinical utility for them.71.Which of the following statements does the author most probably agree with?A.Personalized medicine will greatly change the practice of medicine.B.Genetic biomarkers have been largely refined over the past.C.Physical examination remains essential in tine tuning a diagnosis.D.Clinical history-taking is no longer important in the genetic era.72.What, according to the second paragraph, can be said of genetic medicine?A. It can offer solutions to all inherited diseases.B. It has been widely recognized among the physicians.C. It necessitates adaptation of the healthcare community.D. It is monopolized by a small minority of specialized physicians.73. The future of the genomic technologies, for the most part, lies in_____.A. the greater potential of treating rare diseasesB. the greater efforts in the relevant clinical researchC. the greater preparedness of the physicians to employ themD. the greater publicity of their benefits in the media portrayals74. In the last paragraph, the author cautions against_____.A. underestimation of the importance of the genetic risk factorsB. unrealistic expectation of the genetic predicative powerC. abuse of genetic medicine in treating common diseasesD. unexpected evolution of the bioinformatics.75. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage?A. Genetic medicine should be the mainstream option for physicians.B. Genetic medicine poses great challenges to medical practice.C. Genetic medicine will exert great influence on medicine.D. Genetic medicine is defined as “stratified” medicine.Passage FourMisconduct is a word that is always on professors’ minds. Incidents in the news tend to describe the most serious violations of scientific standards, such as plagiarism for fabricating data. But these high-profile infractions（违法）occur relatively rarely. Much more frequent are forms of misconduct that occur as part of the intimate relationship between a faculty member and a student.Faculty members don’t need to commit egregious acts such as sexual harass ment or appropriation of students’work to fail in their responsibility to their charges. Being generally negligent as teachers and mentors should also be seen as falling down on the job.What we found most interesting was how respondents had less vehement（强烈的）reactions to a host of questionable behaviors. In particular, they said that faculty members should avoid neglectful teaching and mentoring. These included routinely being late for classes, frequently skipping appointments with advisees, showing favoritism to some students, ignoring those whose interests diverged from their own, belittling colleagues in front of students, providing little or no feedback on students’ theses or dissertations, and take on more graduate advisees than they could handle.The vast majority of US faculty members have simply not been taught how to teach. And these responses suggest that they are subjecting young scientists-in-training to the same neglect.To address this systemic issue, we must do a better job of exposing the current and next generations of scientists to the rules of proper mentoring through seminars. For instance, on online modules. The societies of academic disciplines, institutions and individual departments can play a big part here, by developing codes of conduct and clear mechanisms for students report violations.The most serious behaviors are relatively easy to spot and address, but “inadequate teaching”can be subjective. Still, if universities establish specific rules for academics to follow, real patterns of abuse will be easier to find. For instance, these rules could stipulate that professors must return substantive feedback on drafts within 15 days, provide more than just negative feedback during a student’s oral defense of their thesis, or be availa ble regularly to answer questions.To deal with faculty members who consistently fall short, universities should establish teaching-integrity committees, similar to the research-integrity committees that handle issues of scientific misconduct. These could receive reports from students and decide what action to take, either by following a due process laid out in the faculty manual, or simply by adopting the same process as that of other committees, such as for tenure applications.76.What is implied in the first two paragraphs?A. The misconducts are widely exposed in the news.。
2018年高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧
2018年高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧2018年高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧高考英语阅读理解占的分数比较多，那么考生如何答好高考英语阅读理解题呢?下面为大家整理了一些高考英语的答题技巧，希望对想要提高高考英语分数的考生有一定的帮助。
高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧考生在答高考英语阅读理解的时候，首先要浏览一遍文章，重点在于高考英语阅读理解的第一段和最后一段，高考英语阅读理解的第一段的第一句话和最后一段的第一句话往往是文章的主旨句。
理解透彻以后再回头看高考英语阅读理解的题目，把主旨句和题目联系到一起，然后再通读全文。
在读高考英语阅读理解的时候要注意文章的结构，这样考生可以更加轻松的了解文章的内容，通读全文以后再看题目，快速的答题，这样答题就会更准确。
很多考生再答高考英语阅读理解的时候，都习惯性的先看题目，再看文章，把题目直接带入文章里找答案，觉得这样答题会很快，事实上这样不仅浪费时间，还会使考生掌握不了高考英语阅读理解考察的内容，出现很多错误。
这也是考生阅读理解提高不了分数的原因。
高考英语阅读理解的答题套路考生再答高考英语阅读理解的时候，如果高考英语阅读理解涉及到数字(日期、时间、价格等)，就可以在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First， Next，Finally等。
这样既可以提高答题速度，又可以有效地进行答题。
高考英语阅读理解有一道题是考主旨大意的题目，考生应该把题目中的选项与各个自然段的首句相比较，选出类似的哪个，就是这道题的答案，如果没有类似的选项，就把这几句话翻译过来，选择靠边的选项。
在做完高考英语阅读理解后，要结合全文再检查一遍，保证自己的答案没有错误，再答下一道题。
在高考以前，考生可以每天掐时间多练习，只有这样才能提高阅读理解的答题速度。
2018考博英语阅读理解：解题思路和技巧总结
2018考博英语阅读理解：解题思路和技巧总结导读：本文2018考博英语阅读理解：解题思路和技巧总结，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
一. 细节题1、题干上有五个W一个H提问。
2、题干中明确会提到的时间、地点、人物或者事物等细节信息。
3、有可能针对文章中的一句话或者几句话发问。
4、题干和选项有可能考察一种因果关系。
5、解题关键：返回原文，准确定位。
做题依据一定要紧扣文章本身，要注意返回原文找答案：1、可以根据题干所列的地点、时间、人物、事物返回原文。
2、根据出题的顺序返回原文。
3、根据题干中或四个选项中的重点词或同义词返回原文。
4、通过长难句返回原文。
二. 句子理解题1、标志：题干中明确指出是原文中的某句话，重要的不是上下文，而是句子本身。
2、步骤：(1)重点是返回原文，对该句子进行语法、句法、词法的精准解析。
正确(不能推)理解句子的深刻含义。
(2)若该句话的含义不能确定，则适当依据上下文进行判断。
局部含义有整体含义决定。
(3)一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句是同义关系，只不过用其他短语表达。
3、错误选项特征：推的过远，做题时注意把握理解度。
4、正确选项不包含过于绝对化的词语。
三. 主旨大意题1、标志：best title，main idea，main problem，conclusion，mainly disguss，mainly deal with或者问作者的写作目的purpose, the author intends to do sth, a digest of，利用宏观阅读技巧作主旨题，不管是出现在什么位置，都把他作为zui后一题来做。
2、方法：(1)段落少，用串线法。
(2)快速作文法：两个选项难以分辨的时候，用这两个选项做作文，快速给出提纲。
3、选项不能选择局部信息，也不能选范围过宽的信息。
四. 态度题1、标志：题干中出现attitude ，believe ，consider，deam，regard，deem2、作者态度可以分为三大类：(1)正态度：支持，乐观，赞同(2)客观、中立、公正(3)反对、批评、怀疑3、等价选项都不选4、有些选项一定不是正确答案(永陪选项)：indifferent(漠不关心);subjective(主观的);biased(有偏见的);puzzled(迷惑不解的)5、识别作者态度：方法一：可以根据作者论述的主线及举例的方式进行判断。
2018年考博英语阅读理解三大解题技巧
2018年考博英语阅读理解三大解题技巧导语:芬芳袭人花枝俏，喜气盈门捷报到。
心花怒放看通知，梦想实现今日事。
喜笑颜开忆往昔，勤学苦读最美丽。
继续扬鞭再向前，前途无量正灿烂。
努力备考，愿你前途无量,考入理想院校。
2018考博英语阅读理解三大解题技巧:
答案都在文中
总结英语阅读理解的考题题型不难发现，大部分考察的都是细节，即对文中某一段、某一句话、甚至某一个单词和短语的理解，同时也考主旨，即对整篇文章主旨大意的理解。
不管是哪种考察方式，都讲究一个“准”字，也就是说，所谓的理解，都是建立在忠实于原文的基础之上的，既不会很浅显，也不会过分延伸。
要想理解的精准，就必须要回到原文，答案都在文章中。
正确的答案虽然不是照搬原文，但也一般是原文的另一种表达方式，不会有很大的偏差或延伸。
因此，做阅读理解过程中，一定不要“脑洞大开”，天马行空地想当然，任性地做出主观臆断，老老实实回到文章中去找答案才是正解。
2018考博英语阅读理解三大解题技巧:带着问题读文章
由于考场上时间有限，而考博英语阅读又是一项需要深耕细作的精细活儿，要想正确快速地理解文章，有时需要一些技巧。
建议2018考博的小伙伴，做阅读理解之前先把问题快速浏览一遍，
1。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2018年考博英语阅读理解题型解题技巧
【九篇】
导读：本文2018年考博英语阅读理解题型解题技巧【九篇】，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
【第一篇：例证题】1、例证题的标记。
当题干中出现example,case,illustrate,illustration,exemplify时。
2、返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。
3、搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。
例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。
注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。
举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题?不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。
4、找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。
5、例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。
即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。
(╳)
要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。
【第二篇：指代题】1、返回原文，找出出题的指代词。
2、向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远)
3、将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺
4、将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出答案。
【第三篇：词汇题】“搜索代入”法
1、返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方
2、确定该词汇的词性
3、从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合适
4、找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案
注意：a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。
b.考博英语阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。
c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。
注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。
d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。
比如：让猜一个名词词组(动词词组)的意思，我们就向上向下搜索名词词组(动词词组)。
隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。
隐蔽型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。
【第四篇：句子理解题】1、返回原文找到原句。
2、对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析(找主干)，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。
若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。
注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。
3、一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。
4、句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。
做题时应把握住推的度。
【思路】：对句子微观分析;不行就依据上下文;选择时不要推得过远。
【第五篇：推理题】“最近原则”
1、标志：learn,infer,imply,inform
2、看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。
一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。
推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。
3、依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。
先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确答案。
推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点。
如一个、两个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。
因此，不推的比推的好;推的近的比推的远的要好。
4、推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好。
(原文的某句话变个说法) 【注意】：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。
是否把原文读懂才是关键。
【第六篇：主旨题】“串线摘帽”
即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。
1、主旨题的标志：mainly about,mainly discuss,the best title
2、串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。
要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。
(主要针对自然段少的文章;针对自然段多的文章，主旨题联系中心句。
找一个和中心句最贴近的)
3、小心首段陷阱
4、主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：
(1)局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容;
(2)范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。
5、逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
【第七篇：作者态度题】1、标志：attitude
2、应精确理解四个选项的含义。
3、不要掺杂自己的观点。
4、可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。
如：fortunately,excessively,toomany.
5、举例的方式。
6、抓论述的主线。
把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。
7、做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。
【第八篇：判断题】1、看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。
2、每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。
3、要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系(做题是要看清题目)。
【第九篇：细节题】第一，细节题，你要首先知道这个题的考点在原文哪个位置上?要找到考点，这是第一个要做到的。
第二，要仔细的看原文是怎么说的，原文相关的几句话，要保证看明白，不能光看对应的一句话，我一般建议要把对应的前后两三句看看，保证你的理解不是太片面。
第三，要仔细推敲问题是怎么问的?同学们做题，更多的是看文章是怎么说的，但是往往忽略是题目是怎么问的?2004年的阅读理解部分，提问方式，提问的重点就显得格外的重要，很多的考生原文看懂了，但是解错了，因为题目没有看，提问的重点没有看明白。
第四，体会细节题正确答案和干扰项目涉及的基本的特点。
简单的说，正确的答案：
一、要必须和文章讲的意思要完全的符合，不能有丝毫的偏差。
二、正确的答案必须要回答问题。
干扰项一般而言，有三个基本的特点：
第一，它和原文讲的真正的意思之间有一点点的区别，而我们的考生往往忽略了细微的区别。
第二，干扰项，你会发现它跟原文讲的一模一样，你仔细看问题就会发现它和意思不相关，问题问的重点和它是不相关的。
第三，这个特点经常出现，但不是的，干扰项经常出现文章当中的原词的表达，一般而言，往往不是答案
考研英语阅读技巧:细节题怎么答
第一，细节题确定它的考点。
第二，考点要往上多看几句话，保证你的理解很全面。
第三，对细节题问题提问的重点，提问的方式要非常的敏感。
第四，要注意细节题和答案的正确的方法。
把握这四条，就对细节题理解的比较满意，就会提高答题的分数。