美国法律术语翻译参考

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美国刑法英文词汇

美国刑法英文词汇Year and a Day Rule 满一年原则（如受害者满一年未死亡，不得以杀人罪起诉被告）Wharton's Rule 沃顿原则（如果某种罪最少得由N人所犯，那么N+1人才构成同谋罪voluntary manslaughter 故意杀人voluntary intoxication 故意醉酒VOCA 《犯罪受害人法案》victim/witness assistance programs 服务组织提供的对犯罪受害人及证人的安慰及帮助victims rights 刑事司法过程中受害人的基本权利victimless crime 无受害者犯罪victim impact statement 受害人影响陈述victim 受害人vehicular homicide 车祸致人死命罪uttering 故意提供或传递伪造文件罪unlawful assembly 非法集会Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) 《统一死亡判定法案》truth in sentencing 判决及释放之间trespassory taking 非法盗窃treason 叛国罪three-strikes legislation 重罪加长刑期法theft of computer services 非法窃取计算机服务tangible property 有形资产syndrome-based defense 基于综合症的犯罪syndrome 综合症sudden passion 突然情感爆发（可能导致故意杀人）substantive law 实体法（规定基本权利及义务）substantive criminal law 实体刑法substantial step 实质措施substantial capacity test 实质行为能力测试subornation of perjury 非法教唆他人作伪证strict liability crimes 严格责任犯罪（无犯罪意图或过错仍然有罪）strict liability 严格责任（无犯罪意图或过错仍然有责任）常用法律英语词汇注解Ab initio从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract wasvoid ab initio”。

法律术语中英文对照

case law 案例法cause of action 起诉理由chancellor衡平法官chancery division 衡平法庭circuit court 巡回法院civil law 大陆法civil right act 人权法案civil procedure 民事诉讼法clerk书记官closing argument 诉讼结论co－defedant共同被告common law 普通法、习惯法、一致法、共同法compurgation宣誓采证法compurgatory宣誓采证法中的证人complaint起诉状concurrent jurisdiction 竞合管辖权consideration约因consortium婚姻生活权；配偶权；亲权contempt of court 藐视法庭罪contract under seal 封印契约contributory negligence 加工过失corpusjurissecundum美国法律百科全书counterclaim反诉court of common pleas 民诉法院court of king's bench 王室法院court of exchequer 财务法院court of exchequer chamber 财务上诉法院country court 乡镇法院court of common bench 民诉法院court of chancery 衡平法院court of justice of the peace 地方治安法院court of probate 遗嘱继承法院court of divorce 婚姻法院court of appeal in chancery 衡平上诉法院court of crown cases reserved 皇室上诉法院court of assize 巡回法院court of outside the united kingdom 英国境外各法院court of first instance 第一审法院court of second instance 第二审法院court of the international trade 国际贸易法院court of appeals for the federal circuit 联邦巡回上诉法院covenant封印契约赔偿令状cross claim 被告间诉讼crossexamnation复向对方提出之证人curiaregis国王的法院damages损害赔偿debt返还确定金钱的令状decree衡平法院作成的判决deductive reasoning 演绎法defaultjudgement一造判决defendant被告defendant in error 被上诉人demurrer驳回deposition诘问内容作成的笔录detinue非法留置的动产回复令状dialectical reasoning 论理（辩证）方法direct examination 诘问自己提出辩证direct verdict 法官指示陪审团作出直接判决discovery process 发现程序dismiss驳回dissenting opinion 不同意见书district court 地方法院diversity jurisdiction 多元管辖权docket案件登陆dual system 双轨并行制度due process 正当程序。

美国法庭词汇翻译HN

美国法庭词汇翻译（H-N）Hhabeas corpus 人身保护法habitual offender 惯犯habitual sex offender 性惯犯habitual violent offender 暴力惯犯hallucinogen 幻觉剂handcuff 手铐handgun 手枪harassment 骚扰harbor a criminal 窝藏罪犯hate crime 仇恨罪hazardous material 危害物品，危险材料hazing 戏弄，恶作剧hearing 聆讯hearsay 传闻heroin 海洛因highway patrol 高速公路巡警hijacking 劫持hit and run 驾车肇事后逃跑hoarding 囤积hoax 骗局home detention 软禁homicide 杀人，他杀hostage 人质hostile witness 敌对证人hot pursuit 紧追hung jury 不能做出一致决断的陪审团hunting certificate/license/permit 狩猎许可hunting tag 狩猎标牌Iidentification 身份证identify 认出，识别，分辨illegal alien 非法居留者illegal immigration 非法移民illegal immigration broker 蛇头illegitimate child 私生子，非婚生子illicit 非法illusory 错觉的immunity 豁免权immunity from liability 责任豁免权immunity from prosecution 检控豁免权impeachment of witness 指责证人impersonation of judge 假扮法官impersonation of police officer 假扮警察implicate 牵连，牵涉implied consent 默认，默示同意impound 没收，扣押，充公imprisonment 徒刑，下狱，坐牢，禁锢in camera 不公开in session 开庭inadmissible 不可接纳的incarceration 监禁incest 乱伦inchoate offenses 犯罪未遂incite 煽动，煽动inconsistent （statements）矛盾（供词）incriminate 归罪，使负罪indictment 大陪审团起诉书，大陪审团公诉书indigent 贫穷的indirect evidence 间接证据inducement 引诱infiltration 浸透influence peddling 招权纳贿informant 告密者，线人information 正式起诉书informed consent 知情的同意infraction 违规，违例inherent right 固有权利inheritance 继承；遗产injunction 禁令，强迫令injustice 不公正，不正义，不法inmate 囚犯insanity 精神错乱instigate 煽乱，怂恿insurance 保险insurgent 叛乱的intent 意图interference with public servant 妨害公务罪INTERPOL 国际刑事警察组织interstate 州际intimidation 恫吓intoxilizer 酒醉测试器investigation 调查irrational 不合理智的issue （n）咨询题，争论点；子女，后嗣issue （v）发行，发出，分配itemize 列举，详细列举Jjail 拘留所，监狱jailbreak 越狱jay-walk 违章穿越马路John/Jane Doe 无名氏joy riding 偷车兜风Judge Advocate General 军法局长，军法处长judgment 判决judicial 司法的judicial notice 司法上应有的知识judiciary 司法系统jump bail 弃保潜逃junk dealer 收售旧物者jurisdiction 司法权，管辖权，判决权jurisprudence 法理家jurist 法学家juror 陪审员juror，alternative 候补陪审员juror，prospective 待选陪审员juror，sworn 正选陪审员jury 陪审团jury box 陪审团席jury instructions （法官给）陪审团的指示jury tempering 非法干涉陪审团jury trial 陪审团审案juvenile court 青青年/未成年人法庭juvenile delinquent 青青年/未成年人罪犯Kkidnapping 绑架，绑票killer 凶手kiting 开空投支票kleptomania 盗窃狂knowingly 知情地，成心地Llabor law 劳工法，劳动法landmark decision 里程碑式的判决larceny 盗窃罪laser-sight weapon 激光瞄准武器law code 法典，法例law enforcement agency 执法机构law firm 律师事务所law school 法学院lawsuit 官司，诉讼，案件lead council 首席律师leading question 诱导发咨询lechery 淫乱行为legal age 法定年龄legal aid 法律援助legal aide 法律助理legal council 法律参谋legal obligation 法律义务legal system 法律体制legal tender 法定货币legalese 法律术语legality 合法性legislature 立法机关legaltranz法律翻译leniency 饶恕，宽大处理lethal injection 致命性注射剂lethal weapon 致命凶器letter bomb 信件炸弹lewd conduct 猥亵行为，淫秽行为，下流行为liability 应负责任，债务liable 法律责任liability insurance 责任保险libel 诽谤罪lie detector 测谎器lie in wait 埋伏以待lien 留置权，扣押权life sentence 无期徒刑，终生监禁lineup 列队识别嫌疑犯litigant 诉讼当事人litigation 诉讼，打官司littering 乱丢垃圾loaded weapon 装上弹药的武器loan shark 高利贷者lodge a complaint 投诉loitering 闲荡loophole 破绽looting 洗劫，趁乱打劫losses 损失LSD 迷幻药lynching 私刑处死MMafia 黑手党，黑社会，黑帮团伙magistrate 裁判官mail bomb 邮件炸弹mail fraud 邮件欺诈mail theft 邮件盗窃maiming 摧残making arrest 逮捕，逮捕malfeasance 恶行，劣迹malice 恶意malicious mischief 恶意作弄malicious prosecution 恶意控告malign 诬蔑，诋毁malpractice 渎职mandate 执行令mandatory 规定的，强迫性的mandatory sentences 规定刑期manhunt 搜捕逃犯manslaughter 过失杀人，误杀maritime law 海事法marshal 法警，庭警mass hysteria 集体发疯material facts 重要事实material statement 重要声明material witness 重要证人matter of record 有案可查的事项maxim 格言mayhem 摧残身体mediation 调停，仲裁minimum standard 最低标准minor 未成年人Miranda Rights 米兰达权利mischief 恶作剧misconduct 不法行为，不端行为misdemeanor 轻刑罪misleading question 误导咨询题misnomer 误称misquote 错误援用misrepresentation 虚伪不实的陈述missing 失踪mistrial 无效审讯（可重审）mitigating circumstances 减罪细节mitigating factors 减罪要素modus operandi 作案方法money laundering 洗钱monopoly 垄断moot （adj.）假设的，非实际的moral certainty 确实可靠性moral standard 道德标准moral turpitude 违犯道德，卑鄙motion 动议motion denied 动议被否决motion granted 动议被批准motive 动机mug shot 入案照片mutilation 切断，摧残，毁伤mutiny 兵变，反叛Nnarcotics 麻醉品native-born citizen 土生公民naturalization 入境，归化negligence 忽略，过失negligent homicide 过失杀人nepotism 任人唯亲，裙带风neutrality law 中立法next of kin 最近亲属night court 晚间法庭no contest 无争议nonfeasance 不履行义务nonpayment 不支付，未缴纳nonresident 非（某地）居民not guilty 无罪notary public 公证人nuisance 妨害公共利益的行为null and void 无效，失效nullify 取消。

法律专业术语（英汉互译）

法律专业术语（英汉互译）法律专业术语(英汉互译)1.non adversary settlement非诉讼调解。

2.Sovereign jurisdiction管辖权。

3.courts of limited jurisdiction有限管辖权法院.在美国州的司法系统中,有限管辖权法院是最低级的法院,只受理小额诉讼,交通违章的案件等.州的有限管辖法院也被称为低级法院(inferior courts)。

4、diversity jurisdiction多元管辖，联邦法院对事管理的一种，指联邦法院对双方当事人是美国不同州的常住居民的案件管辖权。

5、judicial district司法区，法院辖区，（美国民诉中被告对原告起诉状所做的）书面答复。

6、person wronged受害方。

7、file suit提起诉讼。

8、the claims court索赔法院。

9、forum non convenience[拉]不方便审理得法院，指若法院认为案件由另一法院审理对双方当事人更为方便且能达到上述的目的，可不予受理。

10、code pleading法典诉答程序，指依照法典确定的规则而进行的诉答，始于1848年美国纽约洲菲尔德法典（Field Code）的规定。

11、qualified denial有限的否定，指被告在答辩中对原告的主张因缺乏确定性而不足以作出答辩的否认。

12、Party joiner当事人的合并，制将具有相同权利的多人或对提出同样权利请求的多人合并为一件诉讼的共同原告或共同被告。

13、Cross complaints交叉诉状，指本诉被告自本诉当事人以外第三人就其与本诉有关的事项提起诉讼的诉状。

14、mistrial无效审判。

15、deposition宣誓证词；证言。

16、counterclaims反诉，指在已开始的诉讼中的被告通过法院向本案原告提出的一项独立的请求，以代替就该请求对原告另外提起的一项单独的诉讼。

常用法律词汇解释

常用法律词汇解释Ab initio从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。

Accused被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。

Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。

Acquittal是名词。

Adjourn休庭，押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟，称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。

如要将聆讯押后再排期重审，称为“adjourned to a date to be fixed”。

Affidavit誓章以宗教仪式发誓后签署的书面证供称为Affidavit，而以真诚发誓所签署的证供称为Affirmation，两者的格式用词有些分别，但主要作用相同。

Allegation声称诉讼陈词中未经证实的声言，例如：The Plaintiff alleged that his loss wasdue to the Defendant’s breach of contract，原告声称他的损失是被告违约所引致。

Allegation是名词。

Assault殴打，侵犯以武力侵犯他人的行为，称为Assault，一般性质的殴打，称为“Common Assault”；严重者称为Aggravated Assault；未经许可触摸他人身体，可以被控非礼，称为Indecent Assault。

As is现状“As is”常用于物业买卖的合约中，指物业的现状。

“The property is and willbe sold on an “as is”basis …”即物业将会以其现状出售。

Bail保释刑事案中的疑犯或被告，可以暂时被释放。

保释可以是有条件的，也可以是无条件的。

一些美国法律用词及其定义(英文)

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR)A procedure for settling a dispute by means other than litigation, such as arbitration or mediationAnswerA defendant's first pleading that addresses the merits of the case, usually by denying the plaintiff's allegationsAppealA proceeding undertaken to have a decision reconsidered by a higher authority; especially, the submission of a lower court's or agency's decision to a higher court for review and possible reversal.AppellantA party who appeals a lower court's decision, usually seeking reversal of that decision. AppelleeA party against whom an appeal is taken and whose role is to respond to that appeal, usually seeking affirmance of the lower court's decision.ArbitrationA method of dispute resolution involving one or more neutral third parties who are usually agreed to by the disputing parties and whose decision is binding.Arbitration clauseA contractual provision mandating arbitration-and thereby avoiding litigation-of disputes about the contracting parties' rights, duties, and liabilities.Choice-of-law clauseA contractual provision by which the parties designate the jurisdiction whose law will govern any disputes that may arise between the parties.ComplaintThe initial pleading that starts a civil action and states the basis for the court's jurisdiction, the basis for the plaintiff's claim, and the demand for relief.ConciliationA settlement of a dispute in an agreeable manner. A process in which a neutral person meets with the parties to a dispute and explores how the dispute might be resolved; esp., a relatively unstructured method of dispute resolution in which a third party facilitates communication between parties in an attempt to help them settle their differences. ConsolidationThe act or process of uniting; the stat of being united.Cross-complaintA claim asserted by a defendant against another party to the action.DeponentOne who testifies by deposition.DepositionA witness's out-of-court testimony that is reduced to writing (usually by a court reporter) for later use in court or for discovery purposes.DiscoveryThe act or process of finding or learning something that was previously unknownDiversity of citizenshipA basis for federal-court jurisdiction that exists when a (1) a case is between citizens of different states or between a citizen of a state and an alien, and (2) the matter is controversy exceeds a specific value (now $75,000).Federal Arbitration Act (FAA)A federal statue providing for the enforcement of private agreements to arbitrate disputes related to interstate commercial and maritime matters.Forum-selection clauseA contractual provision in which the parties establish the place (such as the country, state, or type of court) for specified litigation between them.InterventionThe entry into a lawsuit by a third party who, despite not being named a party to the action, has a personal stake in the outcome.LitigationA lawsuit itself.Long-arm statuteA statute providing for jurisdiction over a nonresident defendant who has had contracts with the territory where the statue is in effect. Most state long-arm statutes extend this jurisdiction to its constitutional limitsMediationA method of nonbinding dispute resolution involving a neutral third party who tries to help the disputing parties reach a mutually agreeable solution.On the pleadings(Of a judgment) rendered for reasons that are apparent from the faces of the complaint and answer, without hearing or evaluating the evidence or the substantive arguments.PlaintiffThe party who brings a civil suit in a court of law.Psychiatric examinationAn analysis performed by a psychiatrist to determine a defendant's mental state.ReplyIn federal practice, the plaintiff's response to the defendant's counterclaim, plea, or answer. Statute of limitationsA law that bars claims after a specified period; specifically, a statute establishing a time limit for suing in a civil case, based on the date when the claim accrued (as when the injury occurred or was discovered).SummonsA writ or process commencing the plaintiff's action and requiring the defendant to appear and answer.VenueThe proper or a possible place for a lawsuit to proceed, usually because the place has some connection either with the events that gave rise to the lawsuit or with the plaintiff or defendant.Voir direA preliminary examination of a prospective juror by a judge or lawyer to decide whether the prospect is qualified and suitable to serve on a jury.。

美国法律术语翻译参考

美国法律术语翻译参考二、在不会造成歧解的情况下，译文尽可能使用通俗语言（例如套用国内法律术语），例如statutes and laws只译作“法律”，而不是“成文法和惯例法”，也并不逐字逐句直译，例如file an application for a Court order (“application”)中括号内的文字，又如对法律条文的引用（50 U.S.C. § 1803(g)译成《美国法典》第几章第几节第几条对普通读者毫无意义，反而不方便有兴趣的读者查阅有关法律条文、专业人员引用），同理1806(k)连用时不处理为第1806条第11款，甚至保留(a)等美式序号而不是处理为汉语序号（比如说第一款）。

三、美国法律术语并没有完整而权威的译文，为此，译者将可能存在不同译法的术语汇编如下，不在正文中第一次出现时附原文，以便阅读和检索。

需要加以注释才能防止歧解的术语，包括表面上可能是普通语言实际上却是术语的措辞，如“美国人”（a United States person）；未在此处汇报的部分专有名词和术语在第一次出现会附上原文（包括绝大多数人名）。

容易望文生义或错误理解但不影响专业人员的术语不进行通俗处理，也不加解释，如“救济”（relief，不处理为比如说“赔偿”，司法救济在国内已是通用术语）。

adversary proceeding 对质式诉讼；在大多数普通法国家中，双方当事人在这种诉讼中承担发现并展示证据的主要责任，独立的法官不调查事实（参见《朗文法律词典》第六版）adversary hearing 对质听证会，指双方当事人出庭辩论affirm 维持（原判决或裁定、原命令、原指示）affirmation 不以宣誓方式表述的确认（证词）；on oath or affirmation以宣誓或郑重保证的方式affidavit 誓书；在公证人或其他获得授权的官员面前宣誓，从而提供的书面证词a foreign power：外国势力（通译就是外国），在《对外情报侦察法》中具有特定含义：外国政府；外国政府的外交官、其他代表或雇员；主要不由美国人构成的某个外国的一部分；外国政府公开承认受其指导和控制的某个实体；参与国际恐怖主义或为此而准备的活动的团体。

雄辩美国法庭中法律用语

Promoting prostitution 推动卖淫Criminal nuisance刑事风化Alibi witnesses 不再犯罪现场的证人Legal impossibility法律上不可能的事Appellate division 中级上诉法院Beyond reasonable doubt无可置疑Factual impossibility事实上不可能的事hearsay庭外证词business records商业记录Double jeopardy一罪不二控convicted定罪mistrial 无效public defender公派辩护律师suppress evidence 排除证据search warrant搜查令exigent circumstances 非常紧急情况probable cause可能的犯罪理由confidential informant 线人fourth amendment第四修正案reasonable suspicion 合理的怀疑hunch 直觉lookout 望风witness证人direct examination 直接询问cross examination 交叉质询redirect examination 再一次直接询问prostitution卖淫罪masturbation手淫closing argument 终结辩论objection overruled反对无效impeach 质问question withdrawn问题收回a line up 一排人self-incriminating statement没有律师情况下认罪供述plea bargain律师协助下与检方达成认罪协议vehicle and traffic law(VTL) 车辆交通法department of motor vehicles appeals board交通部上诉法庭reckless endangerment in the first degree 一级鲁莽危害行为statutory presumption法定推论probation 监管permissive presumption允许性的假定real property actions and proceedings law 土地诉讼程序法hostile 敌意deed 地契proprietary lease 租约mail contract邮寄合同rider to contract of sale 修正版depraved mind murder丧心病狂的谋杀accomplices 同犯criminally negligent homicide刑事疏忽杀人disorderly offenses 行为不检点crime 犯罪jury instructions 陪审团提示harassment 骚扰lewdness 下流的动作personal jurisdiction人的管辖权subject matter jurisdiction 事的管辖权review检审审查vacate撤销confirm 认可arbitration award 仲裁裁决judgment判决oral argument 辩护陈述gulf oil corp.高尔夫石油公司forum non conveniens 不合适的庭审法院venue庭审的地点political question 政治问题township市镇municipal court市镇法庭indictable offense 起诉的案件county prosecutor office地方检控署summons 黄色传票grand jury大陪审团court appearance required 必须出庭栏complaint绿色控告书bail 保释金check in登记expunged 销案transcript 开庭记录trial courts庭审法院municipal court 市镇法院tax court 税务法院superior court 高等法院appellate division 上诉法院civil division民事部special civil part特别民事部small claims part小额诉讼部general equity division 普通公平法庭panel 合议庭statute of limitations 法定追诉期motion to dismiss可动议撤销probable cause 犯罪可能性battery殴打invasion of privacy/publication侵犯隐私discovery rule 新发现证据规则notice of claim求偿通知intrusion 侵入，打扰public disclosure of private facts公开隐私资料prior convictions 过去旧案propensity癖好。

英美侵权行为法专门名词术语对照表

专门名词术语对照表Aab initio 自始abuse of process 滥用诉讼act of God 不可抗力act of state 国家行为act of stranger 局外人的行为advertent 注意advocate 辩护apprehension 忧虑arrest 逮捕assign 转让assault 恫吓, 威胁assumpsit 有赔偿规定的契约assumption of risk 危险承担Bbailer(bailor ) 寄托人battery 殴击, 殴打breach of duty 责任之违反, 失责breach of statutory duty 成文法责任之违反，违背法定义务burden of proof 举证责任Ccausation 因果关系caveat emptor 货物出门、概不退换champerty 包揽诉讼chattel 动产chattel mortgagee 动产抵押权人common callings 公众行业concealment 隐匿conditional privilege 有条件的特权, 附条件负责特殊权利confinement 拘禁consortium 配偶的权利contributing act 参与行为, 协助行为contribution 分摊contributory negligence 促成过失, 与有过失, 自为疏忽, 分担过失conversion 移转, 变换, 强占custody 监护Ddamage 赔偿dammum sine injuria 发生实际损失而非违背法律责任damnify 损害, 伤害dangerrous property 危险财产de bonis asportatis 为获得赔偿而造成的不法侵害deceit 欺骗defamation 名誉损害default olf plaintiff 原告失责defective premises 有瑕疵的房屋defences 辩解, 辩护理由del credere 保证第三人付款demand 请求放弃占有detention 拘留detinue 霸占dispossession 剥夺动产占有distrain 留置distress damage feasant 扣押之损害行为人donor 赠与人duress 胁迫duty of care 关注责任, 注意责任, 照顾责任Eeasement 享有使用权emotional distress 精神痛苦employer’s liability 雇主的责任estoppel 禁止反悔，禁反言ex gratia 作为优惠的, 出自恩惠的Ffair comment 公正评论false imprisonment 人身监禁, 非法禁锢feasant 行为人felony 重罪feme sole 单身妇女, 提出诉讼的已婚妇女ferae naturae 野性( 动物)fiduciary duty 信赖责任forms of action 诉讼形式franchise granted 公权利授与特许权fraud 欺诈frolic of his ownd 自己任意作乐Ggratuitous 无偿ground water 地下水HM 英王治内Iimputed negligence 受归咎之过失inadvertent 粗心大意indemnity 偿还,补偿independent contractors 独立承包人inducing breach of contract 引诱违反合同injunction 禁止令, 禁制令injuria sine damno 无损害但违法injurious falsehood 有害谎言innuendo 间接诽谤inter alia 此外interlocutory injunction 中间禁止令inter se 相互的intervening force 介入力intrusion 侵犯, 侵入Jjoint tortfeasors 共同侵权行为人justification 证实, 合法, 合理Llaches 时效过期lateral support 侧面支撑lender 贷与人lessee 承租人lessor 出租人libel 诽谤, 文字诽谤, 永久性诽谤limitations of action 诉讼时效, 起诉期限loss of services 服务损失, 丧失劳务提供Mmaintmance 帮诉malice 恶意malicious civil proceedings 恶意民事诉讼malicious prosecution 恶意(刑事)起诉mansuetae naturae 温性(动物)master and servant 雇主和雇工(员) , 主人和仆人merger 合并mesne 中间程序minor misdemeanor 轻微轻罪misappropriation 窃用misfeasance 错误行为, 不法行为, 滥用职权misrepresentation 不实说明, 错误陈述mistake 错误mortgager 抵押人motive and intention 动机和目的MP 议员, 下院议员Nnecessity 必要性,事属必须, 紧急状态negligence 过失, 疏忽neighbour principle 邻居原则neighbour test 邻居标准, 邻人检验标准no-claim bonus 无权利要求的红利nominal damages 名义上赔偿nondisclosure 未揭露non-feasance 非故意行为, 不作为, 渎职novus actus interverliens 新行为的介入nuisance 侵扰, 骚扰, 恼神思Oobiter 附带obita dicta 判词旁语occupier’s liability 占有人责任, 住客的责任offer of amends 纠正提议PPA 个人人身意外伤害party 当事人passing off 冒充, 假冒Pearson report 皮尔森报告per contra 反之per curiam 引用法官判词per incuriam 疏忽引起, 因失察所致permanent injunction 永久禁止令per quod 归咎于per se 本身personal injury 人身伤害pledgor 抵押权, 保证人possesSion 占有preliminary injunction 暂时禁止令premises 土地房屋prima facie 表面的, 初步的privilege 特权privity 相互关系privy council 枢密院provocation 激愤publishers’liability 发表人的责任punitive damages 惩罚性赔偿Qquia timet 由于畏惧而请求保护Rrecaption 取回动产re-entry 土地经他人占有而再进入remainderman 有遗留权人remedy 救济, 补救remoteness of damage 损害之疏远, 损害疏隔remove 迁离replevin 回复扣押, 物之诉, 扣押物之收回rescue principle 救助原则res ipsa loquitur 过失推定, 事物自道缘由,“ 原告应负举证之责“例外reversioner 有回恢权人right of privacy 隐私权right of way 路权riparian proprietor 水滨所有人Sscienter 主观过错（刑法）seclusion 隐秘slander 诋毁, 口头诽谤, 暂时性诽谤solatium 赔偿费standard of care 关注程度, 注意程度statutory authority 成文法权威, 法定授权strict liability 严格责任, 绝对责任subjacent support 地下支撑sub modo 在条件限制下subrogation 代位行使subterranean su substance 地下物质survival of tort action 侵权行为诉讼之继受Ttake the custody 拘押trespass 不法侵害, 侵入行为, 非法侵犯threat 威胁tort 侵权衍为tortfeasor 侵权行为人, 民事侵权行为人trover追索遗失物Uubi ius ibi remedium 有权利就有补偿办法ultra vires 越权行为uncovenanted 契约未规定的unliquidated damage 未清偿赔偿, 未定额赔偿Vvendor 出卖人, 销售商vis major 不可抗力vicarious liability 转承责任，代理责任，代他人承担责任volenti non fit injura 自愿承担风险，同意不得抱怨损害Wwaiver of tort侵权索赔的放弃warrant 逮捕令withhold 继续持有。

法律用语中英文对照

a fortiori 更加；增强理由时之用词a priori 先验地；从因至果；凭臆断推论ab initio 自始〔例如法律行为经撤销视之自始无效〕acceptance 承诺；接受要约；接盘；承盘acceptance of partial performance 契约的部分履行被接受acceptor 承诺人；被要约的人accord 和解accord and satisfaction 和解与清偿accounting for profits 交代帐务accrual of action 诉讼产生acquiescence 默许act 行为；作为action in personam 对人之诉〔以人为对象之诉，例如请求损害赔偿〕action in rem 对物之诉〔对物主张权利之诉讼〕action 诉讼actual breach 实际违反契约ad idem 主要部分之契合〔例如契约〕ad interim 临时；过度的ad respondendum 答辩；辩诉adequate remedy 足够的赔偿adjudication 裁判；宣告〔大都指破产之宣告〕advertisement 广告advertisement of auction sale 拍卖广告advocate 出庭辩论之律师affidavit 宣誓书affirmation 确认agent 代理人agreement 协议agreement to discharge a contract 协议解约allegation 陈述〔指未经证实者而言〕；声言；指陈allege 声称；辩称ambiguity 含糊不清anticipatory breach 预先违反契约appeal 上诉appellant 上诉人appellate jurisdiction 上诉审appropriation 拨款arbitration 仲裁arrears 迟延之欠款〔例如逾期未付之租金〕arrest of judgment 停止宣判〔刑事被告在宣告判决前的提出理由声请停止宣判〕artificial legal person 法律拟制人；法人assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignment of contractual rights 契约权益之转让assignor 让与人；转让人assistant 伙计assize of Mort D’aucestor继承土地被占收回诉讼assize of Novel Dissession 土地被占收回诉讼assizes 英国之巡回法庭assumpsit 约定；允诺；口头契约；因违约而生之损害赔偿之诉asylum 精神病院Attorney-General 美国司法部长〔或各州检察长〕attorney-at-law 律师〔美国之称谓，美国无Solicitor及Barrister之区别〕auction 拍卖auction sale 拍卖auctioneer 拍卖人auctioneer’s request for bids拍卖人请求投标averment 事实之陈述；主张；辨正；证明bailee 受寄人bailiff 执达员；执达吏；承发吏bailment 寄托bailor 寄托人bankruptcy,adjudication of 破产之宣告bar 禁止；障碍bargaining power 磋商议价能力barrister 律师〔英国之称谓，或成barrister-at-law,俗称大律师，所以别与solicitor〕barter 以物易物beneficial contract of service 有益之服务契约beneficiary 受益人benefit 权益；受益bidder 投标人；竞投人；出价人bilateral contract 双务契约tbill of exchange 汇票bill of lading 载货证券；提货单；提单bill of sale 出售票处binding 具有约束力binding agreement 具有约束力之协议bona fide third party 善意第三人；善意之第三人bona fide 真实的；善意的bookmaking 赌博登记赌注breach of contract 违约；违反契约broker 经济burden 负担burden of proof 举证责任business efficacy 商业上的效力by-law(Bye-Laws) 社团或公司之规程；附则canon law 寺院法capacity to contract 订约能力carriage of goods by sea act 海上货物运送条例carrier 运送人causation 因果关系cause of action 诉讼标的；诉之事由；案由；诉讼原因caveat emptor 购者自慎certiorari, writ of 移审令〔上级法院命令下级法院移送卷宗之公文〕；移送案件命令chain of causation 因果关系champerty 包揽诉讼chancellor 掌玺大臣chancery 衡平法院chancery,court of 衡平法院〔参阅supreme court of judicature〕chancery division 大法官庭〔参阅supreme court of judicature〕charging order 扣押产物charter party (charta partita) 佣船人chartered corporation 特许法人charterer 佣船人chattel mortgage 质权cheque 支票cheque book 支票簿chose in action 侵权civil law 民事法；民法；大陆法clear evidence 明显的证据client 律师之当事人co-respondent 共同被告〔——通常指离婚诉讼中被牵涉之奸夫或奸妇〕code 法典collateral 附属；附属物品commission of lunacy 精神病的鉴定commit a crime 犯罪committal 扣押人身份common intent 共同企图common law 普通法；习惯法common mistake 共同错误common plea ,court of 普通法诉讼法院〔参阅supreme court of judicature〕communicates through the post 邮递传达communication of acceptance 承诺的传达；承诺的通知complain 陈诉；揭发；告诉complainant 告诉人；陈诉人complaint 控诉；书状；诉之陈述compromise 妥协；和解conciliation 调停；调解；和解concurrent condition 并行条件concurrent jurisdiction 数法院同有管辖者condition 主要条款；重要条款；条件condition precedent 先决条件；停止条件condition subsequent 解除条件conditional agreement 附有条件协议conduct,by 行为conflict of laws 冲突法；国际私法consensus ad idem 意思一致consequential loss 间接损失；从属损失consideration 契约当事人间相互对待给付；使负担义务者受契约义务之代价；报偿；对价；约因consideration must be sufficient ,but need not be adequate 约因必须有价值，但不必相等consignation 提存consignee 受货人；受托人；收货人consignor 托运人construction 解释contempt 藐视法庭contingent condition 决定性事故contingent fee 承办意外事故之诉讼酬金contract 合同；契约contract,quasi 准契约contract for future separation 未来分居契约contract in restraint of marriage 限制婚约的契约contract in unreasonable restraint of trade 不合理的限制贸易契约contract of carriage 运输契约contract of employment 雇用契约contract of service 服务契约或劳务契约contract out of the jurisdication of the courts 剥夺法庭审判权之契约contract prejudicial to the administration of justice 阻碍司法公正之契约contract that is sexually immoral 涉及性犯罪之契约contract that tends to corruption in public life 败坏公共生活之契约contract to commit a crime ,tort or fraud on a third party 犯罪；侵权或欺骗第三者的契约contract uberrimae fidei 完全坦白之契约；老实信用之契约contract for necessaries 必需品契约contract for personal services 个人服务契约contract under seal 加盖印鉴之契约；盖印契约contracts which lack mutuality 缺少相互性之契约contracts which require constant supervision 需要法院不断监管之契约contrary to public policy 违反公共政策contribution 分担conversion 侵占他人之财物coronation 加冕corpus juris 法典corpus juris civilis 罗马民法法典counter-offer 反要约counter-claim 反诉county court 地方法院〔或可称州中之郡法院，就其管辖之权限而言，相当于地方法院〕coupon 彩券或赠券court of appeal 上诉法院〔指经此不能再提起上诉〕count of common pleas 普通诉讼法庭count of last resort 终审法院〔指经此不能再提起上诉〕covenant缔约；承诺credit 信贷；贷款creditor 债权人crème 犯罪criminal law 刑事法cross-examination 盘问；盘诘；交叉询问〔指庭讯时本造律师向当事人及证人，或对造律师向本造当事人及证人之盘诘。

法律英语汉译英(专业词汇部分)

法律英语汉译英（专业词汇部分）Unit One第一课美国联邦下的法律1.成文法statutory law★2.普通法common law3.判例法case law4.立法机构legislature5.法院court6.宪法Constitution7.立法权law-making power8.私法private law9.合同法contract law10.侵权法tort law11.商法business law12.公司法corporate governance law13.专利和版权patent and copyright14.合同/契约争议contractual disputes15.刑事案件criminal case16.民事案件civil case17.民事侵权诉讼civil tort actions18.家庭法family law19.法律选择choice of law20.多个司法管辖区multi-jurisdiction21.诉讼litigation/lawsui t/suit/action★22.实体权substantive right23.准据法/适用法applicable/governing/proper law★24.签订conclude25.证券欺诈案件 a case include claims of securities fraud26.履行perform27.履行地performance28.受理/处理案件to hear the case★29.原告plaintiff★30.被告defendant★31.与合同最密切联系most involved with the contract32.选择法庭choice of forum第二课双重法院体系1.司法的judicial2.初审法庭trial court3.终审法院court of last resort★4.上诉法院court of appeals5.上诉，申诉appeal…to6.证人witness7.证据evidence8.陪审团jury9.查明事实的人，事实发现者fact-finder10.上诉的，有权受理上诉的appellate11.遗嘱probate12.小额诉讼法院small claims court13.律师attorney14.程序procedure15.提出（申请）file★16.申请小额索赔file claims for small sums of money17.定罪conviction★18.仲裁人，公断人，裁决人arbiter19.最高法院the Supreme Court20.先例procedureUnit Two第一课抗辩制1.上诉人appellant2.被上诉人appellee3.诉由,案由cause of action★4.向某人提起诉讼，到法院告某人to bring an action/lawsuit against sb.5.第三那人被告third-party defendant6.庭审程序trial procedure★7.英美法系国家的司法程序Anglo-American judicial procedure8.认定事实find the fact9.证据submission10.抗辩制adversary system11.提起诉讼begin suit12.界定争议shape the issues13.出示证据produce evidence14.争议当事人parties to the controversy15.纠问的inquisitorial16.庭前调查pre-trial investigation17.大陆法传统civil law tradition18.庭辩风格style of presentation and argument19.有利害关系的当事人interested parties第二课开启一个诉讼1.起诉sue2.诉讼当事人litigant3.司法救济，救济；减轻，缓解relief4.提供法律救助to furnish a relief5.纠正，补偿redress6.诉诸法院bring to court★7.和解settlement★8.仲裁arbitration9.自力救济self-help10.搁置纠纷let matters rest11.损害赔偿damages★12.实际履行specific performance13.对事管辖权jurisdiction over the subject matter14.对人管辖权jurisdiction over the parties15.管辖权jurisdiction16.违约之诉damages for breach of contract17.法庭forum18.最低限度联系minimum contacts19.实体公正substantial justice20.审判地venue21.规定（援引法条）provide/read第三课诉状和对抗诉状的动议1.诉状pleading2.起诉状complaint3.向法院提交诉讼状或答辩状/办理立案to file a pleading/lawsuit with the court4.陈述，阐明to set forth5.书记员clerk6.传票summons7.出具传票to issue a summons8.向某人送达传票、起诉书、法律文书to serve a summons, complaint, legal document on sb.9.通知notify10.同意出庭an entry of appearance11.指控，声称allegation12.成为争议问题put in issue13.积极抗辩affirmative defense14.反诉counterclaim15.(用辩解)减轻extenuate16.未到庭，未履行义务to be in default17.驳回dismiss18.传票送达service of process/service of summons19.法律上的充分性legal sufficiency20. 提出异议，反对challenge第四课调查取证1.庭前取证，调查pre-trial discovery2.录取证词，宣誓证明depose3.证词笔录,书证deposition4.宣誓under oath5.书面质询written interrogatories6.人身伤害案件personal injury case7.保持中立take no part8.意外因素surprise element9.争议controversy。

法律英语-英美法常用词汇

1.衡平法equity law2.管辖权jurisdiction3.初审法院trial court4.首席大法官Chief Justice5.立法legislation; the legislative; legislature6.检察官prosecutor7.法律救济legal remedy; relief; equitable remedy8.强制令禁令injunction9.实际履行specific performance10.归还原主, 恢复原状(尤指用钱)赔偿, 补偿restitution11.上诉法院Court of Appeals; appellate court12.上诉人appellant13.被告被上诉人appellee14.申请人请求者petitioner15.答辩人被申请人respondent16.司法the judicial17.法官审判官司法的法院的judiciary18.最高法院Supreme People’s Court,19.北京二中院Beijing No. 2 Intermediate People’s Court20.executive execute execution /enforcement, executor21.statute 成文法法规statutory right 法定权利22.court of last resort 终审法院最高上诉法院23.attorney 律师24.specific performance/ equitable remedy 实际履行/衡平法补救25.injunction 禁制令，禁止令26.damages 损害赔偿punitive damages 惩罚性损害赔偿27.bench trial 无陪审团的审判法官审jury trial 陪审团审判28.civil action 民事诉讼29.substantive law 实体法procedural law 程序法30.impeachment 控告;检举31.Checks & Balances 三权分立原则32.Due Process of law 正当法律程序33.judicial interpretation /construction 司法解释34.veto power 否决权35.litigant 诉讼当事人36.Bill of Rights 《权利法案》37.fraud 诈骗perjury 伪证罪perjure 作伪证38.civil law system 大陆法系39.程序法procedural law40.宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution Constitutional Amendment41.司法复审judicial review42.众议院Congress/Parliament 参议院snate43.三权分立原则Checks & Balances44.诉讼bring/file/institute an action 起诉, suit, lawsuit 起诉, litigation诉讼,proceedings 诉讼45.叛国罪treason46.英美法系common law systerm47.有约束力的判例binding precedent48.persuasive precedent 有说服力的先例49.伪证罪perjury50.Penal Code 刑法典45. misdemeanor 轻罪felony 重罪51.Probation 缓刑probate 遗嘱检验rceny 盗窃罪theft53.deceased 已死的decedent 死者54.justifiable homicide 正当杀人, excusable homicide 可宽恕之杀人55.mens rea 犯罪意图56.actus reus违法行为57.causation 因果关系58.arson 纵火罪59.punitive /exemplary damages 惩罚性损害赔偿60.civil wrong 民事过错criminal offense 犯罪61.felon重罪, misdemeanant 行为不端的人62.非预谋故意杀人voluntary manslaughter误杀过失杀人in the heat of passion63.involuntary manslaughter 过失杀人64.赔偿redress compensation65.杀人罪homicide66.因果关系causation67.逮捕证arrest warrant68.正当防卫self-defense69.法律责任legal liability70.刑事犯罪criminal offence71.充分理由probable cause1.guilty plea 有罪答辩2.plea bargaining 辩诉交易3.civil wrong 民事过错行为4.internationally wrongful act 国际不法行为5.state responsibility 国家责任6.diplomatic immunity 外交豁免权7.real estate/property 不动产realty 不动产房地产8.personalty 动产chattel real (指租借地权等)准不动产9.client 当事人10.interstate commerce 美国的州际贸易intrastate 州内的(尤指美国的州内)11.drug trafficking 毒品走私贩毒counterfeit goods 冒牌货12.illegitimate child 非婚生子女13.conviction 确信定罪acquittal 宣告无罪rceny['lɑ:səni:] 盗窃罪15.kidnapping 绑架ransom['rænsəm] 赎金16.arson 纵火罪17.inquisitorial system 调查制度adversary/adversarial 对抗制18.summons传票, subpoena[sə'pi:nə] 传票, process-server 传票递送员pulsory process 强制程序, mandatory命令的强制的,20.peremptory norms 强制性规范21.jury charge/instruction 陪审团指令法官给予陪审团的指示22.rebuttal [rɪˈbʌtl] evidence 反驳证据23.pretrial motions 审前动议move post trial 庭审后动议24.discovery, disclosure 公开透露25.preponderant[pri'pɔndərənt] evidence 优势证据26.cross-examination 交叉询问反诘问27.directed verdict 直接判决直接裁决28.对抗制adversary, adversarial29.无效审理mistrial30.hung jury/ deadlocked jury 悬疑陪审团陷入僵局的陪审团31.传闻证据hearsay32.陪审团评议jury deliberation33.对人管辖权in personam jurisdiction（1.司法权; 裁判权2.管辖区域；管辖范围）34.in rem jurisdiction 对物管辖权35.subject matter jurisdiction 标的物管辖权36.事实的裁定者fact-finder, trier34.（对对方证据的）异议objection35.诚实审查voir dire [,vwɑ:'diə]36.有因回避challenge for cause37.无因回避peremptory[pə'remptəri:] challenge, challenge without cause38.Prosecution 控方原告defense 被告39.affirmative defense 积极抗辩40.entrapment[in'træpmənt](非法)诱捕, 诱人犯罪41.alibi['ælə,baɪ] 1.某人在别处的证据, 不在犯罪现场的证人2.<美口>借口，托辞42.intoxication 沉醉状态昏醉43.insanity [ɪnˈsænətɪ] 精神错乱；精神失常；精神病；疯狂44.indictment[ɪn'daɪtmənt]刑事起诉书;公诉书/information complaint 投诉控告45.accusatorial[ə,kju:zə'tɔ:riəl] system 问责制46.criminal charge 刑事指控47.prima facie case 初步证据确凿的案件48.arraignment 传讯49.privilege against self-incrimination 有权不自证其罪50.double jeopardy['dʒepədi:] clause 双重危险条款51.无罪推定presumption of innocence52.大陪审团grand jury超越合理怀疑Beyond a reasonable doubt53.举证责任burden of proof54.证明标准standard of proof55.刑事审判制度criminal justice system大陪审团起诉书Grand jury indictment检察官起诉书Prosecutor indictment56.burglary 1.夜盗；夜盗行为2.入户行窃;入户盗窃罪57.statutory（1.法定的2.成文的）crime 法定犯rceny 盗窃罪stolen goods 赃物59.injunctive （命令的,指令的）relief 禁令救济60.standing 永久的长期的常设的资信情况61.adversary system 对抗制62.adversarial 敌手的对抗性的63.inquisitorial[ɪn,kwɪzɪ'tɔ:ri:əl]纠问制64.discovery65.vior dire66.direct examination 直接询问67.jury verdict 陪审团的裁决68.pretrial motion 审前动议69.post trial motion 审后动议70.admit admission 1.准许进入，加入权，进入权2.入场费, 入场券,门票费3.承认, 供认，招认，招供71.admissibility 可采性容许性可接纳性72.by the preponderance of the evidence 优势证据73.applicable law (合同等)适用的法律74.default（弃权缺席）judgment 缺席裁判75.judgment debtor 判决债务人76.writ of execution 执行令状77.wrongful death action 非正常死亡之诉死亡之诉78.deceased/decedent[di'si:dənt]死者79.contempt of court 藐视法庭80.contributory negligence 共同过失81.statute（法令成文法）of frauds 防止欺诈法SMALL VERB LIST PARTNER AAdd Bounce Complain Decide EarnFail Glue Hang Ignore JoinKill Learn Measure Name ObeyPass Regret Sneeze Trust UnlockWish Y ell Share Pull Plant SMALL VERB LIST PARTNER BArrest Bike Carry Describe EscapeFill Grab Hate Improve Jump Knock Lie Marry Need OwnPunish Race Smoke Subtract TalkTest Use Wait Want Whisper。

常见法律术语中英文表达法

draft 法案,草案Government bill 政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制,合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止,取消rescission, annulment 废除,取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免,豁免权disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 万国公法,国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利,公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税法律英语词汇2009-12-20 20:59:34| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读8 评论0 字号：大中小订阅管辖：jurisdiction级别管辖：jurisdiction by level地域管辖：territorial jurisdiction移送管辖：referral jurisdiction指定管辖：designation jurisdiction审判组织: trial organization回避withdrawal诉讼参加人participants in court诉讼当事人parties in court诉讼代理人agents ad litem期间：time periods送达service调解conciliation财产保全property preservation先予执行preliminary execution妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施：compulsory measures against impairment of civil actions 诉讼费：litigation costs第一审普通程序ordinary procedure of first instance第二审程序procedure of second instance起诉bring a lawsuit受理accept a case开庭审理trial in court诉讼中止suspension of a lawsuit诉讼终止conclusion of a lawsuit判决judgment裁定order简易程序summary procedure特别程序special procedure选民资格案件cases concerning certificates of voters宣告失踪proclamation of a person as missing宣告死亡proclamation of a person as dead无民事行为能力incompetent for civil conduct限制行为能力limited capacity for civil conduct无主财产property of ownerless执行申请application for execution执行移转referral of execution仲裁arbitration司法协助judicial assistanceAabsolute proof 绝对证明absolute property 绝对财产（权）abstract of title 产权书摘要acceleration clause 提前（偿还）条款acceptance 承诺accident report 事故报告accident insurance 意外保险accusation 指控；控告accusatorial procedure 控告程序accusatorial process of proof 控告证明过程（程序）accusatorial system 控告或诉讼程序accused 被指控者accuser 控告人acknowledgement 认知(书)acquittal 无罪判决act 条例；作为Act for the prevention of Frauds and Perjuries 《预防诈欺和伪证条例》action 诉讼；作为actual losses 实际损失adjudication 裁决；裁定administrative law 行政法administrative law judge 行政法法官administrative procedure 行政程序administrator 管理人；监管人admissible 可采的admissibility 可采性admit 采用；允许adoption 收养adulterous conduct 通奸行为ad valorem property tax 从价财产税adversarial hearing 对抗式听证会adversarial process 对抗式程序adversary 对手adversary trial system 对抗式（或抗辩）审判制度advocacy 出庭辩护；诉讼代理advocate 辩护人；诉讼代理人affidavit 正式书面陈述affirm 维持（原判）affirmation 保证书；证词affirmative 确保的agency （行政）机关agency action 机关（行政）机关agreed upon remedies 补救协议agreement 协议agreement-as-written 书面协议agreement -in-fact 事实协议alibi 阿里白（不在犯罪场的证明）alienation of affection 离间夫妻关系allegation 声称；指控allege 诉称；指控alleged offense 所控罪行alternate juror 替补陪审员amendment 修正案American Bar Association 美国律师协会American Law Institute 美国法学会analogy 类推Anglo-American Legal System英美法系anonymous accusation匿名控告appeal上诉appear出庭appellant上诉人appellate action上诉行为appellate court上诉法院appellee被上诉人appealer上诉人appropriate拨款appurtenant附属物arbiter仲裁人arbitrary武断的arbitration仲裁arraignment初审array陪审员名单arrest逮捕arrest warrant逮捕令（证）arrestee被捕人article条款，文章article of authority授权条款articles of confederation《联帮条例》articles of incorporation公司组织章程artificial person法人Asian American legal defense and education fund亚裔美国人法律辩护与教育基金会assault意图或威胁伤害assert主张，宣称asset资产assistant attorney助理法官associate judge副法官associate justice副大法官assumption违约合同，违约赔偿之诉assumption 假定attempt意图，企图attempted escape逃脱未遂attestation证词attorney代理人，律师attorney at law律师attorney general检察长authentication鉴定authority权力，法源，权威性依据automobile insurance机动车保险automobile tort机动车侵权行为autonomy自治（权）Bban禁令，禁止banishment流放bankruptcy 破产bankruptcy discharge破产债务解除bankruptcy judge破产法官bar律师职业bar association律师协会barrister出庭律师battery殴打bench trial法官审beneficiary受益人benefit收益，福得bigamy重婚罪bill of lading提单bill of right《人权法案》bind over具保，具结binder临时保险单binding有约束力binding contract有约束力的合同binding force约束力binding interpretation有约束力的解释black-letter law（普通接受之基本原则的）黑体字法black nation bar association全美黑人律师协会blue sky law蓝天法（关于股票买卖控制的法律）Board of Governors（ABA）（美国律师协会的）董事会body of law 法体bond 债券；保释金bond instrument 债券契据branding 鞭笞breach 违约；破坏bride 贿赂bribery 贿赂（罪）bright-line test 明显界限检验标准broker 中间人brokerage fee 佣金；中介费brother-sister corporation 兄弟公司；姊妹公司Bulk Sales Act《大宗销售条例》burden 责任burden of going forward with the evidence 先行举证责任burden of persuasion 说服责任；证明责任burden of producing evidence 举证责任burden of proof 证明责任burglary入室盗窃（罪）business corporation实业公司business law 实业法business organization 实业组织buy-out agreement（股权）承买协议buy-sell agreement（股权）买卖协议bylaws（内部）章程CCalifornia Penal Code《加州刑法典》capital account 资本帐户capital crime 可判死刑罪capital punishment 死刑capital surplus 资本盈余capitation tax 人头税career criminal 职业罪犯career judiciary 职业法官case briefing 案情摘要case-in-chief 主诉case law 判例法case method 案例教学法case report 判决报告case reports 判例汇编casualty insurance （意外伤害）保险catalog 商品目录（单）certificate 证书certificate of existence 实体存在证明（书）challenge 置疑；挑战challenge for cause有理回避chancery court 衡平法院charging instrument 控告文件checks and balances 制衡（原则）chief judge 首席法官chief justice 首席大法官child abuse 虐待儿童circuit court 巡回法院circuit judge 巡回法官circumstantial evidence 旁证；情况证据citation 引证cite 援引；传讯civil court 民事法civil forfeiture 民事罚没civil law 民法Civil Law Legal System 民法体系civil liability 民事责任civil Liberty 民事自由civil Litigation民事诉讼civil procedure 民事诉讼程序civil suit民事诉讼Civil trial 民事审判法律英语词汇（2）2009-12-20 21:02:17| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读10 评论0 字号：大中小订阅Civil right 民权Civil right law 民权法Civil War Income Tax Act 《内战所得税条例》Claim 诉讼请求，索赔Classification of law 法律分类Close corporation内部持股公司Closely held corporation 内部持股公司Closing 终结，成交，结帐Closing argument 最后论述Closing statement成交声明Code 法典Code of Judicial Conduct 《法官行为准则》Codify 编成法典Co-felon 共同重罪犯Cohabitation 同居Collateral contract 附属合同Collegiate bench 合议席Collegiate panel 合议庭Commercial clause 商务条款，贸易条款Commercial law 商法Commercial paper 商务文件Commission佣金Commit 交托，犯（罪）Commitment 犯罪，许诺，委托Commitment of financing 融资许诺Common law 普通法Common law damages 普通法赔偿金Common law legal system(family) 普通法法系Common law marriage 普通法婚姻Common property 共同财产Common stock 普通股票Community property 共同财产Comparative law 比较法Comparative negligence 比较过失Compensation 赔偿（金）Compensatory damage 应予赔偿之损害Competence 管辖权限Competency 有效性Complaint 控告，申诉Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act 《滥用毒品的综合预防与控制条例》Compulsory license 强制性许可Concur附条件地同意Concurring opinion 并存（判决）意见Confer 授与Conference 协商会议Confidential information 保密信息Confiscation 没收Conflict law 冲突法Congress 国会Consent 同意，认可Consideration 对价，约因Constitution 宪法Constitutional Convention 制宪会议Constitutional law 宪法Constitutional tort 宪法性侵权Constitutionality 合宪性Construction （法律的）结构，解释Construe 解释，分析Consultation 磋商Consumer protection statute 消费者保护法律Consumption tax 消费税Continental Law Legal System(or Family) 大陆法系Contingent fee 胜诉酬金Continuance 诉讼延期Contract 合同Contract dispute 合同纠纷Contract formation 合同构成Contract interpretation 合同解释Contract law 合同法Contract performance 合同履行contractor 承包商contravence 触犯;违犯contributory negligence 共同过失controlling law 应适应之法律conversion 非法占有convey 转让conveyance 转让convertible bond 可转换债券conviction 有罪判决convincing evidence 使人信服的证据copyright 版权;著作权corporal punishment肉体刑corporate camsel 公司法律顾问corporate excise tax 公司执照税corporate law 公司法corporation 公司corporation aggregate 合有公司corporation code 公司法典corporation law 公司法corporation sole 独有公司corpus 尸体;本金Council on legal Education Opportunities 法律教育机会委员会counselor (法律)顾问;律师counselor-at-law 律师court 法院;法官court decision 法院判决court fee 诉讼费court of appeals 上诉法院court of chancery 衡平法法院court of claims 索赔法院court of customs and Patent Appeals 关税及专利上诉法院court of domestic relations 家庭关系法院court opinion 法院判决意见courtroom 法庭coverage 保险范围crime 犯罪crime code 刑法典crime homicide 有罪杀人crime justice system 刑事司法系统crime law 刑法crime liability 刑事责任crime procedure 刑事诉讼程序cross-examination 交叉盘问;盘诘cruel and unusual punishment 残忍和非常的刑罚cumulative evidence 累计证据curative 临时监护的curriculum guide 课程指南custody 监护custom duty 关税customary law 习惯法customary practice 惯例customs court 关税法院Ddamage 损害;损伤damage claim 损害赔偿请求damages 损害赔偿金deadlocked jury 僵局陪审团death penalty 死刑death tax 遗产税debenture 债单(券)debt securities 债权证券decide a case 判案deed 契约deed book 文契汇编defamation 诽谤default 不履行;违约defendant 被告人defence 辩护defence attorney 辩护律师defense's case-in-chief 辩护方主讼deficiency judgment 不足额判决degrees of murder (恶意)杀人罪的等级delegation 授权delegated legislation 授权立法deliberate intention 故意deliberation (陪审团)评议demonstrative evidence 示意证据deprivation 剥夺derogatory treatment of the work 对作品的贬毁性处理(或使用) designs 设计detract 毁损;贬低developer (土地)开发商dicta 判决附带意见dignity 尊严direct evidence 直接证据direct examination 直接盘问direct tax 直接税disa bility insurance 残疾保险disabled dependent child 无谋生能力的残疾儿童discharge 解雇;释放discount 贴现;折扣discovery 要求告知discrete risk transfer product 离散性风险转移(保险)产品discretion 自由裁量权discriminatory 歧视性税收dispense 执行;施行dispute 争议;纠纷disposition 处置(权)dissent 异议;反对dissenting opinion 异议;反对意见dissolution 解散distort 歪曲;误解district attorney 地区检查官database right 数据权dividend 股息division of title 产权分割divorce 离婚docket 备审案件目录doctrine 法则;原则doctrine of constitutional supremacy 宪法至上原则doctrine of Maranda Warnings 米兰达忠告原则document 文件;文书document of title 产权证书domant Commerce Clause 休眠的"贸易条款"domicile 住所地double jeopardy 一罪二审draft 起草;草拟draftman 起草者drug trade 毒品交易drug trafficking 毒品交易dry run 干转;排练due diligence 适当努力due process 正当程序Due Process Clause 正当程序条款due process test 正当程序检验标准duration 期限duress 强迫;胁迫duty 义务;关税duty of care 照看义务法律英语词汇（3）2009-12-20 21:03:22| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读16 评论0 字号：大中小订阅earnest money 定金easyment 地役权ecclesiastical court 宗教法庭economic law 经济法effective date 生效日期effective time 生效时间element of crime 犯罪要素(件)empower 授权enact 制定;颁布en banc 全体法官出庭审判encroachment 侵占encumbered property 抵押财产enforce 实施；执行enforceable 可强制执行的enforceability 可执行性enforcement of Law 执法English-American Legal System (or Family) 英吉利法系enjoin(衡平）强制令entail 限定继承entity 实体environmental impact statement 环境影响报告environmental Law 环境保护法Environmental protection Agency(EPA) 环境保护局environmental quality 环境质量equal protection clause 平等保护条款equitable relief 衡平救济equity 衡平法equity Law 衡平法equity precedent 衡平法判例equity securities 产权证券；衡平证券error 过错escape 逃走；逃脱escrow 第三者保存合同essential justice 实质公正estate财产；遗产estate tax 遗产税ＥＵDirective 欧盟指令evaluate 评价evict 逐出（租户）evidence 证据evidentiary presumption 证据推定evidentiary rule 证据规则ex aequo at bono 公平且善良examine 检查；盘问examination 检查；盘问exception 例外exception clause 例外条款excise tax 执照税exclude 排除exclusive listing 读家上市exclusive right 排他性权利exclusive tax situs 唯一征税地点excusable homicide 可宽恕之杀人execute 执行；签属execution 执行executive acts 行政条例executive branch 行政部门executive order 行政命令executor (遗嘱）执行人executor of estate 遗产执行人exemption 免除；豁免exhibit 展示物（证）exigent circumstance 紧急情况existing securities 上市证券exparte 单方面的expectation damages 预期赔偿金expert 专家（证人）expert testimony 专家证言expert witness 专家证人express contract 明示合同express statutory provision 法律明文规定express warranty 明示保证（保修）ex rel 依据告发face amount 面颊face value 面植facilitate 促使：利于fact 事实fact in issue 争议事实factor 因素；代理商Factors Lien Act 《代理商留置权条例》Fair trial 公平审判false imprisonment 非法拘禁family law 家庭法fault 过错fault principle 过错原则feasibility study 可行性研究Federal Administrative Procedure Act 《联邦行政程序》Federal Antitrust Law 《联邦犯托拉斯法》federal convention 联邦制宪会议federal crime of murder 联邦杀人罪Federal Housing Act 《联邦住房条例》Federal Income Tax Act 《联邦所得税条例》federal judge 联邦法官Federal rules of civil procedure 《联邦民事诉讼规则》Federal rules of criminal procedure 《联邦刑事诉讼规则》Federal rules of evidence 《联邦证据规则》Federal securities act 《联邦证券条例》federal supremacy 联邦至上（原则）Federal tort claims act 《联邦侵权索赔条例》felon 重罪犯felony 重罪felony-murder 重罪杀人fiduciary 受托人file 档案；注册file a petition 呈交诉状；提出请求fine 罚金fingerprint 手印fire insurance 火灾保险fire protection 消防first degree murder 一级谋杀first instance 一审fixture （不动产）附属物flogging 烙印force of law 法律效力forcible felony 暴力性重罪foreign exchange risk 外汇风险forfeiture 没收；罚没form contract 格式合同form of evidence 证据的形式formal adjudication 正式裁决formal rulemaking 正式规则制定formation 构成；鉴定franchise tax 特许经营税fraud 诈欺free enterprise system 自由企业制度free movement of goods 自由物流，货物的自由流通freedom of choice 选择自由frustrate 使受挫折fundamental law 基本法fundamental right 基本权利法律英语词汇（4）2009-12-20 21:04:29| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读12 评论0 字号：大中小订阅general acceptance standard (科学证据的)公认标准general partnership 一般合伙general property 一般财产（权）general provisions 总则gerontocratic 老人统治的gift tax 赠予税government tort 政府侵权（行为）grant of power 授权gross negligence 严重过失group insurance 团体保险guarantee 担保guardian 监护人guardianship 监护权guidelines for sentencing 量刑指南guilt 有罪guilty 有罪的guilty 有罪答辩Hhabitual offender 惯犯hail insurance 冰雹保险handcuff 手铐handwriting 笔迹health insurance 健康保险health regulation 卫生法规hearing 听证（会）hearing of jury 陪审团听审hearsay 传闻证据heir 继承人hierarchy 等级制度high crime 重罪hold 认定；裁定holding 认定；裁定holding device 拥有手段（形式）homicide 杀人（罪）homosexuality 同性恋house counsel （公司）专职法律顾问husband-wife relationship 夫妻关系husband-wife tort 夫妻侵权（行为）IId. 同上identification 认定；确认身份；身份证ignore 忽视；驳回illegal 非法的；违法的immaterial 无实质性的immigration law 移民法immovable property 不动产immunity 豁免（权）impair 损害；削弱impeachment 弹劾；质疑implementation 实施；执行implied contract 默认合同implied warranty 默认保证（保修）imprisonment 监禁imputable 可归罪于……的imputation 归罪in re 关于；案由in recess 休庭in rem 对物的（诉讼）in session 开庭inadmissible evidence 不可采证据incarceration 禁闭；监禁incest 乱伦income tax 所得税Income Tax Act 《所得税条例》income tax on corporations 公司所得税income tax on individuals 个人所得税incompetence 无行为能力；无法律资格incompetent 无行为能力的；无法律资格的incorporation 法人；公司；组成公司incorporator 公司创办人independent regulatory agency 独立规制机构indicative list 指导性名单indictment 起诉书indirect evidence 间接证据indirect tax 间接税individual choice 个人选择（权）individual freedom 个人自由individual omni competence 个人全权individual proprietorship 个体业主individual right 个人权利ineffective 失效的inequality 不平等infamous 罪恶的；丑恶的inference 推理;推论infliction 处罚informal adjudication 非正式裁决informal rulemaking 非正式规则制定information 信息; 控告书infomer 耳目;情报员initial ruling 初步裁定injunction 禁令;强制令injunctive relief 强制救济injure 伤害injustice 不公正innocence 无罪innocent 无罪的;无罪者innocent owner defense 无过错所有人辩护inquiry 调查inquisitiorial system 纠问式诉讼制度insane 精神失常insanity defense 精神失常辩护inspection 检查;审查installment land vendor 分期付款的土地出售人installment plan agreement 分期付款购物协议instruction 指示instrument 文件insurable interest 可保利益insurable loss 可保损失insurance agent 保险代理商insurance binder 临时保单insurance broker 保险中间人insurance card 保险卡insurance coverage 保险范围insurance law 保险法insurance policy 保险单;险种insurance premium 保险费insurance proceeds 保险收益insurance product 保险项目insured 被保险人insurer 保险人intangible 无形的intangible damage 无形损害intangible property 无形财产intangible personal property 无形的人身财产(权)inter alia 除了别的以外interfere 干涉;侵犯interlocutory injunction 临时强制令;(诉讼)中间的强制令intermediate appellate court 中级上诉法院intermetional business 调解interrogation 国际商务intentional 故意的intentional tort 故意侵权行为interest 利息;权益;利益interest rate risk 利率风险interview 询问invalid 无效的;不合法的invalidate 使无效invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私权investigation 侦查;调查investment 投资investment portfolio risk 投资风险组合investment securities 投资证券irrelevancy 无相关性irrelevant 不相关的irrelevant evidence 无相关性证据irrevocable 不可撤销的irrevocable life insurance trust 不可撤销的人寿保险信托itinerant judge 巡回法官法律英语词汇（5）2009-12-20 21:05:16| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读19 评论0 字号：大中小订阅Jjoint tenancy 共同租借(权)joint venture 合资企业joint venture corporation合资公司joint venture with Chinese and foreign investment中外合资企业judge法官judge-made law法官立法judge's chamber法官室judge's charge to jury法官对陪审团的指令judge's instruction to jury法官对陪审团的指示judgment判决，裁定judicial branch司法部门judicial clerkship法院书记员职位judicial decision 法官职位judicial district司法区judicial interpretation司法解释judicial notice司法任职judicial opinion法官判决意见judicial review司法审查judicial scrutiny司法检查judicial subjectivity审判主观性judicial system法院系统judiciary法官jurisdiction司法管辖区jurisprudence法理学juror陪审员jury陪审团jury charge法官对陪审团的指令jury pool待选陪审员库jury selection挑选陪审员jury trial陪审团制justice公正，大法官justice of the peace治安法官justifiable homicide正当杀人juvenile court未成年人法庭juvenile delinquency未成年人违法行为ＫKey man assurance关键人保险Key person insurance关键人保险Kickbacks回扣Kill杀人Killer杀人者Know-how技术秘密，商业秘密Ｌland use law土地使用法last clear chance doctrine最后明显机会法则law 法，法律law firm律师事务所law merchant商业习惯法law of evidence证据法law reform法律改革lawsuit诉讼，官司lawyer律师lawyer in government政府律师；官方律师lawyer in private practice私人开业律师lawyerette律师娘lawman外行人lay witness普通证人；非专家证人lease租赁lease agreement租赁协议legacy遗产legacy tax遗产税legal合法的legal advice法律咨询legal commentary法律评论legal education法律教育legal effect法律教育legal enforcement法律效力legal English法律英语legal family法系legal history 法律史legal instrument 法律文件legal mechanism法律机制legal memorandum 法律备忘录legal methodology 法律方法论legal order 法律秩序legal problem 法律问题legal profession 法律职业legal protection 法律保护legal relationship 法律关系legal representative 法律代表legal safeguard 法律保障（措施）legal system 法律体系；法律制度legal theorist 法学理论家legal writing 法律文书写作legalese 法律涩语legality 法制legislation 立法legislative branch 立法部门legislative history 立法史legislature 立法机关legitimate 合法的levy 征收（税）liability 责任；债务liability insurance 责任保险liberty 自由license plate （车）执照牌license tax 执照税lien 留置（权）life estate 终生财（遗）产life insurance 人寿保险limited partnership 有限合伙liquidated damages 预定违约金liquidity risk 流动资金风险literary property 著作产权litigant 诉讼当事人litigation 诉讼；打官司livestock insurance 家畜保险loan 贷款lord chancellor (英国)大法官loss of rights 丧失权利Jurisprudence，History of Legal Systems and Constitution按照法律规定according to law按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt案例教学法case system案例汇编case book；case report；law report柏拉图Plato《保护人权与基本自由公约》（1950）Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms，1950（罗）被视为be deemed as被宣布为非法be outlawed；be declared illegal比较法comparative law比较法学comparative jurisprudence比较法学派school of comparative jurisprudence比较法制史comparative legal history比较分析法method of comparative analysis比较刑法comparative penal law比较刑法学comparative penal jurisprudence必然因果关系positive causal relationship边缘法学borderline jurisprudence变通办法adaptation；accommodation补充规定supplementary provision补救办法remedial measures不成文法unwritten law不成文宪法unwritten constitution不动产所在地法律law of the place where the real property is situated；lex loci rei immobilisci不可分割的权利impartible right不可抗力force majuere不可侵犯性inviolability不可让与性inalienability不履行法律义务non-performance of obligation不要式行为informal act不要因的法律行为non-causal juristic act不因实效而丧失的权利imprescriptible right不作为abstain from an act；act of omission部门法department law部门规章regulation参照consult参照具体情况in the light of actual conditions参照原文consult the original查士丁尼法典Code Justinian；Codex Justinianus查士丁尼法规汇编Authenticum超出法律范围的outside of law超出法律权限的extralegal超过权限exceed authority；beyond jurisdiction成文法written law成文宪法written constitution冲突法conflict of laws；rules of conflict冲突规则conflict rule；rule of conflict除（本法）另有规定外except for otherwise stipulated （by this law）除外条款provisory clause除外责任条款exclusion clause触犯公共利益encroach on the public interests触犯国际利益go against the state's interests触犯人民利益encroach on the interests of the people；go against the people's interests传统法律观念traditional ideas of law纯粹法学pure theory of law次要法规by law次要规则secondary rule从宽解释原则doctrine of liberal construction从权利accessory right达到法定年龄come of age大法the fundamental law大法官Lord High Chancellor大法官法院Court of Chancery大陆法系Continental Legal System大律师barrister《大明律》Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty（中）大陪审团grand jury《大清律例》the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty （中）《大宪章》（1215）Great Charter，1215（英）单行法规specific regulations单一法律体系unitary legal system单一制政府unitary government但书proviso当代法学动向current trend of jurisprudence当然解释natural interpretation党纪国法party discipline and the law of the country道德规范norm of morality道德义务moral obligation《德国民法典》German Civil code德拉古Draco地方各级人民代表大会local people's congresses at different levels 地方各级人民法院local people's courts at different levels地方各级人民检察院local people's procuratorates at different levels 地方各级人民政府local people's governments at different levels第二读second reading第三读third reading二元论the dualistic theory二元君主立宪制dual constitutional monarchy system二元论the dualistic theory二元论者dualist二元制bicameral system法的本质the nature of law法的变化changes of law法的定义definition of law法的发展development of law法的分类divisions of law法的概念concepts of law法的规范作用normalized usage of law法的继承succession of law法的精神spirit of law法的可预测性foreseeability of law法的类型types of law法的历史类型的更替the replacement of one historical mode of law by another 法的历史渊源historical origin of law法的连续性continuity of law法的内容contexts of law法的社会作用social usage of law法的生效operation of law法的实现realization of law法的特征character of law法的现象legal phenomenon法的消亡withering away of law法的形式渊源formal source of law法的要素elements of law法的渊源source of law法的职能function of law法的作用role of law法典code；statute book法典编纂codification of codes法定成年人的年龄age of majority；legal age法定程序legal procedure法定处罚statutory penalty法定代理人：agent ad litem法定解释statutory interpretation法定量刑情节legally prescribed circumstances of sentencing 法定年龄legal age；lawful age法定年龄限制 a statutory age limit法定期间prescribed time法定期限legal term法定权利legal right；right entitled by law法定权限limits of power prescribed by law法定人数quorum法定日appointed day法定时间appointed time法定时效statutory prescription法定条件legal condition法定限制statutory restrictions法定效力statutory force法定刑legally-prescribed punishment法定形式legal form法定责任statutory duty法定追溯期time of legal memory法定最高刑maximum statutory penalty；maximum statutory sentence 法官judge法官的自由裁量权judge's power of discretion法官权力范围extent of judge's power法官心证judge's mental impression法官中立原则Nemo debt esse judex in propria causa法规编纂condification of laws and regulations法规的解释interpretation of statutes法规汇编corpus of the laws and regulations《法国民法典》Code Civile de Francais （法）法理jurisprudence；principle of law法理学家jurisprudent法律保护legal protection法律编纂codification法律标准legal standards法律补救legal redress法律部门legal department法律草案draft regulations法律措施legal measures法律大全Corpus legum法律的本土化和改写the localization and adaptiion of laws 法律的本质essence of law法律的地位position of law法律的定义definition of law法律的废止abolishment of law法律的公共秩序论public order theory of law法律的规范性normalization of law法律的继承succession of law法律的理想ideal of law法律的权威authority of law法律的失效lapse of law法律的实施administration of law；law enforcement法律的适用application of law法律的统一unification of law法律的推定presumption of law法律的推理analogy of law法律的完整性integrity of law法律的效力范围force's scale of law法律的效力形式force's form of law法律的修改alteration of law法律的演进evolutin of law法律的原理principle of law法律地位平等equal in legal status法律对人的效力personal act of law编纂法律方法legal methodology法律分类classification of law法律赋予权力authority conferred by law法律改革law reform法律概念legal concept法律根据legal basis法律工作者legal professional法律关系legal relation法律关系的运行process of legal relation法律关系客体object of legal relation法律关系主体subject of legal relation法律规定provisions of law法律规范norm of law法律规范的逻辑结构logical structure of legal rule 法律规则体系system of legal rules法律含义intendment of law法律另有规定：otherwise stipulated by law法律现象legal phenomenon法律研究legal research法律要件legal requirement法律依据legal basis法律意见legal advice法律意见书legal opinion法律意识law-consciousness法律意义legal sense法律用语legal language法律与正义先验论 a prior theory of law and justice法律渊源source of law法律原本注释gloss法律原理legal doctrines法律原则principle of legality法律援助legal aid法律约束legal binding；legal restraint法律责任legal responsibility法律责任的道义基础moral basic of legal obligation法律责任的归结imputaton of legal responsibility法律责任的认定determination of legal responsibility法律责任的执行enforcement of legal responsibility法律责任客体object of legal responsibility法律责任主体subject of legal responsibility法律哲学philosophy of law；philosophie du droit （法）；philosophia juris 法律政策policy of the law法律职业道德legal ethics法律指导legal counsel法律制裁legal sanction法律制度regime of law；legal system法律秩序legal order法律主体资格capacity as a subject of law法律主张proposition of law法律属地原则territoriality of laws法律著述legal literature法律专家legal expert法律专业legal profession法律专著和教科书legal treati法律咨询legal advice法律尊严legal sanctity法盲legal illiterates法权right法社会学sociology of law法系legal system法协会law society法学jurisprudence法学博士doctor of jurisprudence法学导论leading principles of law法学的范畴体系the system of categories of jurisprudence法学的范畴意识the consciousness of category of jurisprudence 法学的基石范畴fundamental categories of jurisprudence法学方法method of jurisprudence法学方法论methodology of jurisprudence法学会law society法学教科书law textbooks。

法律英语名词

法律英语名词法律英语名词汇总Aassumption假定attempt意图，企图attemptedescape逃脱未遂attestation证词attorney代理人，律师attorneyatlaw律师attorneygeneral检察长authentication鉴定authority权力，法源，权威性依据automobileinsurance机动车保险automobiletort机动车侵权行为autonomy自治（权）Bban禁令，禁止banishment流放bankruptcy破产bankruptcydischarge破产债务解除bankruptcyjudge破产法官bar律师职业barassociation律师协会barrister出庭律师battery殴打benchtrial法官审beneficiary受益人benefit收益，福得bigamy重婚罪billoflading提单billofright《人权法案》bindover具保，具结binder临时保险单binding有约束力bindingcontract有约束力的`合同bindingforce约束力bindinginterpretation有约束力的解释black-letterlaw（普通接受之基本原则的）黑体字法blacknationbarassociation全美黑人律师协会blueskylaw蓝天法（股票买卖控制的法律）BoardofGovernors（ABA）（美国律师协会的）董事会bodyoflaw法体bond债券；保释金bondinstrument债券契据branding鞭笞breach违约；破坏bride贿赂bribery贿赂（罪）bright-linetest明显界限检验标准broker中间人brokeragefee佣金；中介费brother-sistercorporation兄弟公司；姊妹公司BulkSalesAct《大宗销售条例》burden责任burdenofgoingforwardwiththeevidence先行举证责任burdenofpersuasion说服责任；证明责任burdenofproducingevidence举证责任burdenofproof证明责任burglary入室盗窃（罪）businesscorporation实业公司businesslaw实业法businessorganization实业组织buy-outagreement（股权）承买协议buy-sellagreement（股权）买卖协议bylaws（内部）章程CCaliforniaPenalCode《加州刑法典》capitalaccount资本帐户capitalcrime可判死刑罪capitalpunishment死刑capitalsurplus资本盈余capitationtax人头税careercriminal职业罪犯careerjudiciary职业法官casebriefing案情摘要case-in-chief主诉caselaw判例法casemethod案例教学法casereport判决报告casereports判例汇编casualtyinsurance（意外伤害）保险catalog商品目录（单）certificate证书certificateofexistence实体存在证明（书）challenge置疑；挑战challengeforcause有理回避chancerycourt衡平法院charginginstrument控告文件checksandbalances制衡（原则）chiefjudge首席法官chiefjustice首席大法官childabuse虐待儿童circuitcourt巡回法院circuitjudge巡回法官circumstantialevidence旁证；情况证据citation引证cite援引；传讯civilcourt民事法civilforfeiture民事罚没civillaw民法CivilLawLegalSystem民法体系civilliability民事责任civilLiberty民事自由civilLitigation民事诉讼civilprocedure民事诉讼程序civilsuit民事诉讼Civiltrial民事审判Civilright民权Civilrightlaw民权法CivilWarIncomeTaxAct《内战所得税条例》Claim诉讼请求，索赔Classificationoflaw法律分类Closecorporation内部持股公司Closelyheldcorporation内部持股公司Closing终结，成交，结帐Closingargument最后论述Closingstatement成交声明Code法典CodeofJudicialConduct《法官行为准则》Codify编成法典Co-felon共同重罪犯Cohabitation同居Collateralcontract附属合同Collegiatebench合议席Collegiatepanel合议庭Commercialclause商务条款，贸易条款Commerciallaw商法Commercialpaper商务文件Commission佣金Commit交托，犯（罪）下载全文。

英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照

英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照一、导言在英美法系的刑事和民事诉讼中，判决书是司法机关对案件审理结果的书面记录，具有法律效力。

了解英美法系判决书常用词汇的中英对照是十分重要的。

本文将从深度和广度的角度，全面评估英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照，并撰写有价值的文章，帮助读者全面、深刻地理解该主题。

二、英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照在英美法系的判决书中，常用词汇的中英对照如下所示：1. Plaintiff / Prosecution 原告 / 公诉方2. Defendant 被告3. Appellant 上诉人4. Respondent 被上诉人5. Judgment 判决6. Verdict 裁决7. Appeal 上诉8. Evidence 证据9. Testimony 证词10. Witness 证人11. Cross-examination 盘问12. Objection 异议13. Hearsay 传闻证据14. to rule 裁定15. to sustain 支持16. to overrule 驳回17. Prosecution closing argument 检方结诉陈词18. Defense closing argument 辩护结诉陈词19. Sentence 判决三、个人观点和理解对于英美法系判决书常用词汇的中英对照，我认为应该重视和加强学习。

因为在跨境诉讼和跨国合作中，了解英美法系判决书的常用词汇，有助于提高法律专业人士的工作效率和工作质量。

另外，作为法律人士，通过对英美法系判决书的常用词汇进行中英对照学习，还能够提升自己的国际视野和跨文化交流能力，为未来的职业发展打下良好的基础。

四、总结与回顾通过本文的撰写，我们全面评估了英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照的内容。

从简到繁地探讨了该主题，使读者能够更深入地了解该领域的知识。

在文章中，我们多次提及了该主题文字，并以序号标注的方式呈现了常用词汇的中英对照。

法律专业词汇中英对照

法律专业词汇中英对照(a,b)action of debt 债务诉讼acquit 无罪adjourn 暂时停止执行administrative decision 行政判决结果ad damnum 主张一定数额的赔偿金adverse judgement 不利的判决affidavit 传票送达人所写的切结书affirm 确定原判决affirm defence 积极的抗辩agency stage 行政机关的裁决agency hearing 听证会allegation 主张的事实american law 美国法an ex parte hearing 一方当事人到庭说明an adversary hearing 双方当事人到庭辩论answer 答辩状appellate jurisdiction 上诉管辖权appeal 上诉appellant 上诉人appellee 被上诉人appropriate 永久占有arrest the judgement 暂时终止法院判决结果arraignment 刑事案件法官与当事人之间安排案件的程序assigned counsel 公设辩护人assumpsit 承诺履行bailment 寄托制度bail 保释beyond the reasonable doubt 超越合理的怀疑bill of Middlesex 早期诉讼当事人向国王秘书处申请的令状，同意发给后才能到国王法院进行诉讼bailliff 法庭内的法警bias 偏见bench of conference 到法官室或法官面前进行会议bond 提供担保burden of proof 举证责任case law 案例法cause of action 起诉理由chancellor 衡平法官chancery division 衡平法庭circuit court 巡回法院civil law 大陆法civil right act 人权法案civil procedure 民事诉讼法clerk 书记官closing argument 诉讼结论co－defedant 共同被告common law 普通法、习惯法、一致法、共同法compurgation 宣誓采证法compurgatory 宣誓采证法中的证人complaint 起诉状concurrent jurisdiction 竞合管辖权consideration 约因consortium 婚姻生活权；配偶权；亲权contempt of court 藐视法庭罪contract under seal 封印契约contributory negligence 加工过失corpus juris secundum 美国法律百科全书counterclaim 反诉court of common pleas 民诉法院court of king's bench 王室法院court of exchequer 财务法院court of exchequer chamber 财务上诉法院country court 乡镇法院court of common bench 民诉法院court of chancery 衡平法院court of justice of the peace 地方治安法院court of probate 遗嘱继承法院court of divorce 婚姻法院court of appeal in chancery 衡平上诉法院court of crown cases reserved 皇室上诉法院court of assize 巡回法院court of outside the united kingdom 英国境外各法院court of first instance 第一审法院court of second instance 第二审法院court of the international trade 国际贸易法院court of appeals for the federal circuit 联邦巡回上诉法院covenant 封印契约赔偿令状cross claim 被告间诉讼cross examnation 复向对方提出之证人curia regis 国王的法院damages 损害赔偿debt 返还确定金钱的令状decree 衡平法院作成的判决deductive reasoning 演绎法default judgement 一造判决defendant 被告defendant in error 被上诉人demurrer 驳回deposition 诘问内容作成的笔录detinue 非法留置的动产回复令状dialectical reasoning 论理（辩证）方法direct examination 诘问自己提出辩证direct verdict 法官指示陪审团作出直接判决discovery process 发现程序dismiss 驳回dissenting opinion 不同意见书district court 地方法院diversity jurisdiction 多元管辖权docket 案件登陆dual system 双轨并行制度due process 正当程序ejectment 不动产侵害令状en banc 法院全体法官共同审理equatible right衡平上的权利equatible defence 衡平抗辩estate 遗产ex post facto 溯及既往expert witness 专家证人express mention 明示其一排除其他原则expressio unius est exclusio alterius 明示其一排除其他原则exclusive jurisdiction 排他的管辖权exclusionary rule 证据排除法则eyre system 巡回制度felony 重罪foreman of jury 陪审团主席forms of action 严格的诉讼形式forum 法院fountain of all justices 正义的源泉freehould interest in land 对土地有完全权利者general assumpsit 不当得利令状general jurisdiction 一般管辖权geografhic jurisdiction 地域管辖权grand jury 大陪审团habeas corpus 人身保护令状hearsay evidence 传闻证据high court of justice 高级法院holding 法院判决house of lords 上议院house of commons 下议院hearing 听证会impeach 质疑证人的可信度impleader 第三人诉讼implied promise 默示承诺in personam jurisdiction 对人诉讼independent source rules 独立咨询取得的证据indictment 起诉inductive reasoning 归纳法inevitable discovery rule 当然发现原则inferior court 美国联邦法院第一级法院统称小法院information 检察官的起诉状in good faith 诚信善意原则injunction 禁止命令instruction 法官向陪审团作指示interlocutory appeal 中间上诉intermediate appellate court 中间上诉法院inerrogatory 诘问的问题issues 争点joint and several liability 连带赔偿责任judicial act 司法法案judicial committee of the privy council 枢密院司法委员会judgement on the verdict 确定原判决judgement notwithstanding the verdict 自行判决jurisdiction over the subjuct matter 对物诉讼jury 陪审团juvenile court 青少年法院judgement 法官作成的判决king's bench division 王室法庭king's council国王的咨询会议。

美国刑法词汇

美国刑法词汇Year and a Day Rule 满一年原则（如受害者满一年未死亡，不得以杀人罪起诉被告）Wharton's Rule 沃顿原则（如果某种罪最少得由N人所犯，那么N+1人才构成同谋罪)voluntary manslaughter 故意杀人voluntary intoxication 故意醉酒VOCA 《犯罪受害人法案》victim/witness assistance programs 服务组织提供的对犯罪受害人及证人的安慰及帮助victims rights 刑事司法过程中受害人的基本权利victimless crime 无受害者犯罪victim impact statement 受害人影响陈述victim 受害人vehicular homicide 车祸致人死命罪uttering 故意提供或传递伪造文件罪unlawful assembly 非法集会Uniform Determination of Death Act （UDDA）《统一死亡判定法案》truth in sentencing 判决及释放之间trespassory taking 非法盗窃treason 叛国罪three-strikes legislation 重罪加长刑期法theft of computer services 非法窃取计算机服务tangible property 有形资产syndrome-based defense 基于综合症的犯罪syndrome 综合症sudden passion 突然情感爆发（可能导致故意杀人）substantive law 实体法（规定基本权利及义务）substantive criminal law 实体刑法substantial step 实质措施substantial capacity test 实质行为能力测试subornation of perjury 非法教唆他人作伪证strict liability crimes 严格责任犯罪（无犯罪意图或过错仍然有罪）strict liability 严格责任（无犯罪意图或过错仍然有责任）。

法律英语单词表

11th Circuit Court in and for Miami-Dade County, Florida佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县的第十一巡回法院Acceptance 承诺Accord and Satisfaction 一致和满意规则（一般在修改合同中使用）Action in equity衡平法诉讼Action in LawAdequate足够的Admiralty 英国海军部队Adopt 采纳Advisory 顾问的Advisory Opinion 咨询意见Affirm支持Agreement协议Agreement to agree一致同意Agreement to negotiate 协议谈判Allege 声称，断言Amendment 修正案American Jurisprudence (AmJur) 美国法学（数据库）American Law Report 美国法律报告Annotation 评注Anticipate预期，预料Appeal上诉，申诉Appeal上诉，申诉Appellate上诉的Appellate上诉的Article文章，篇章，条款Assault施暴Assault and Battery 暴力殴打Associate 同事Bargain议价Bargain议价，买卖Bargain for 要价Battery殴打Bench Trial法官审案，上诉审Bilateral双边的Binding约束力Breach违约Breach违约Circuit巡回Circuit巡回，环行Citation 引证Citation引用，引证Civil Rights Act of 1964（1964民权法案）Claim preclusion 请求排除Claimant原告，主张者Clause条款Code法典Code法典Collateral estoppel禁止间接反言/翻供原则Commander指挥官Commerce商业Commerce Clause商业条款Common Law 普通法Concurrent 同时发生的Congress 国会Consideration对价Constitute组成，构成，设立Contend主张Contract合同Contract price合同价格Contractual priceCounsel建议，忠告Counselor顾问Creditor债权人Damage损害Damages损害赔偿金Debt债务Debtor债务人Decedent死者Decision决定，判决Defendant被告Deliver v.投递，交付Delivery n.投递，交付Department of Labor 劳工部Dispute 争议District地区，县Diversity 多样性Diversity Jurisdiction（基于多样性的管辖权）Dormant睡眠的Dormant Commerce Clause 休眠商务条款Duty义务，责任Enforceable有效的Equal Employment OpportunityCommission (EEOC)平等就业机会委员会Estate不动产Estoppel 禁止翻供Executive行政权；执行的，管理的Exemption 豁免Expectation 期望值，期待值Expression 表达Fair Labor Standard Act(FLSA)公平劳动标准法Federal 联邦的Federal Court 联邦法院Federal government 联邦政府Fiduciary 信托的，受托人Fiduciary duty 诚信责任，受信责任Final and Complete contract 最终且完整的合同Florida佛罗里达Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal 佛罗里达第三地区上诉法院Florida Supreme Court 佛罗里达最高法院Foreclosure 丧失抵押品赎回权Foresee 预见Foreseen 预见的Fraud欺诈Fraudulent欺诈的General partner 普通合伙人Good faith 善意Goods 货物Government 政府Governor 管理者，统治者Highest Court of Appeal 最高上诉法院House of Representatives 众议院Impeach v.控告（叛国）Impeachment n.控告，弹劾Inferior 低等的，次要的Injunction 禁令Intelligent 聪明的Intent 意图，目的Intermediate Court of Appeal 中级上诉法院Interpretation 解释Inventory 存货，清单Issue Preclusion争点排除Judge Posner 波斯纳法官Judiciary 法官；法官的，法院的Jurisdiction 司法权，管辖权Jurisdiction 司法权，管辖权Jurisprudence 法学Jury 陪审团Jury trial陪审团审案，初审Justice Ginsburg 金斯伯格大法官Justice O’Connor 奥康纳大法官Justice Scalia （斯卡利亚大法官）Lease 租约Leasee 承租人Leasor 出租人Legal value 法律价值Legal Value （Consideration意义上的法律价值）法律价值Legitimate 合法的LexisNexis 律商联讯（外文资源网）Liability 责任，义务Limited partner 有限合伙人Limited partnership 有限合伙Mandatory 强制性Market 市场Material 物质的Merger 合并Merger clause 合并条款Miami-Dade County Court, Florida 佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县Militia 民兵Minimum Wage （最低工资）Modification修改Moral 道德的Moral Duty(Consideration 的特殊问题)道德义务Mortgage 抵押Mutual相互的Necessary and Proper Clause必要且适当条款Negotiation 谈判New York 纽约New York Appellate Divisions ofSupreme Court （这个是NY州的上诉法院）New York Court of Appeals (这个是NY州的最高法院)New York Jurisprudence (NYJur) 纽约法学（数据库）New York Supreme Court （这个是NY州的初审法院）Notice 通知，公告Objective 客观的，外在的Obligation’义务Offer要约Operate 操作，运营Option 选择Overtime payment （加班工资）PACER （Pacer系统，美国联邦法院文书传递和检索系统）Parol Evidence Rule 口头证据排除规则Partnership 合伙Pension抚恤金，养老金Performance 履行Permanent 永久的Persuade 说服Persuasive 雄辩的Persuasive 雄辩的Pin CitePlaintiff 原告Precedent 先例Pre-Existing Duty先在义务，既存义务Present 赠与President 总统President of Senate (US) 参议院主席Presidential line of succession 总统继承顺序Promise 承诺Promissory estoppel 禁止反言规则Promissory Estoppel 禁止反言规则Proposal 议案，方案Propose 提议，建议Proscribe 禁止，放逐Prospective 预期的Provision 规定，条款Punitive 惩罚性的Punitive Damages 惩罚性损害赔偿Purchase 购买Purpose目的，意图Real Property 不动产Reasonable 合理的Reference 参考Relevant 有关的Remanded 押，发回重审Removal移除Render呈送Render 给予，呈送Renewal 更新，修改Rent出租，租金Reporter 报告人，记者Representative 代表，众议员Reprieve 缓刑Res Judicata 既判力原则（既决事项不再受理）Resolve 解决Restatement重述，重申Restatement 重述，重申Reversed （判决等）撤销的Review 评论Sale 销售Sales 销售Schedule 计划，时间表Secondary 次要的，中学Secretary of State (国务卿)Senate 参议院Separation of Powers 分权Service 服务Speaker of House 白宫发言人Specific performance实际履行Stare Decisis 先例State Court 州法院Statute 法规，法律Statute of Limitation限制条例Subjective 主观的，个人的Substantive 独立的，是在的Sufficient 充分的Summon 传唤Superior 高级的，上级的Supreme 最高的Supreme Court 最高法院Supreme Court Justice 最高法院审理Tender 投标，提出Tender 议案，投标Tie vote 票数相等Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 19641964民权法案第七标题Trail Court （初审法院）Trial 审判UCC (Uniform Commercial Code)统一商法典UCC（Uniform Commercial Code）统一商法典Unilateral单边的United State District Court for Southern District of New York纽约南区的美国地区法院United States Circuit Court of Appeal 美国巡回上诉法院United States Court of Appeal for the 7th Circuit美国第七巡回上诉法院United States District Court 美国地区法院United States Supreme Court 美国最高法院USCA (United States Code Annotation)美国法律评注Value价值Vest 授权，归属Vice president 副总统V oluntary 自愿的Westlaw 西方法律（外文资源网）Windfall 意外的收获Writing demand 书面请求。