三菱PLC立体车库毕业设计-本科毕业设计外文翻译

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PLC毕业设计外文翻译3

PLC毕业设计外文翻译3

学校名称外文翻译专业:班级学号:学生姓名:指导教师:二〇一一年六月学校名称本科生毕业设计原文1:Programmable logic controllers 译文1:可编程逻辑控制器原文2:Foundation of PLC译文2:PLC基础专业班级:学生姓名:指导教师:学院:2011年6月原文1:Programmable logic controllersProgrammable logic controller(PLC) is eight 10- Year on behalf new generation industry that develop the control equip, and is an automatic control, calculator with the thing that the correspondence technique combine together, and is a the spot equipments for exclusively used foring the industry production line controling. Make the PLC there is characteristics of obvious oneself on the design with the long- term and continuous that circulate because of the special of the complexity, usage environment of the control object: The dependable is high, and the adaptability is wide, and have to correspond by letter the function, and weave the the convenience, construction mold piece . Gather the the control in the modern in the system, the PLC have already become a kind of importance of basic control unit, control the realm the inside in the industry applied the foreground is very and extensive.A programmable logic controller(PLC) is a solid-state devide used to control machine motion or process operation by means of a stored program. The PLC sends output control signals and receives input signals through input/output (I/O) devices.A PLC controls outputs in response to stimuli at the inputs according to the logic prescribed by the stored program.The inputs are made up of limit switches,pushbuttons,thumbwheels, switches,pulses,analog signals,ASCII serial data,and binary or BCD data from absolute position encoders.The outputs are voltage or current levers to drive end devices such as lolenids,motor staters,relays,lights,and so on.Other output devices such include analog devices,digital BCD displays,ASCII compatible devices,servo variable-speed drives,and even computers.Programmable controllers were developed(circa in 1968) when General Motors Corp,and other automobile manufacturers were experimenting to see if there might be an alterantive to scrapping all their hardwired control panels of machine tools and other production equipment during a model changeover.This annual tradition was necessary because rewiring of the panels was more expensive than buying new oens.The automotive companies approached a number of control equipment manufacturers and asked them to develop a control system that would have a longer productive life without major rewiring,but would still be understandable to and repairable by plant personnel.The new product wa namd a“programmable controller”.The processor part of the PLC contains a central processing unit and memory.The central proce ssing unit(CPU) is the“trafficdirector”of the processor,the memory stores ing into the processor are the electrical signals from the input devices,as conditioned by the input module to voltage levels acceptable to processor logic.The processor scans the state of I/O and updates outputs based on instructions stored in the memory of the PLC.For example,the processor may be programmed so that if an input connected to a limit switch is true(1imit switch closed),then a corresponding output wired to an output module is to be energized.This output might be asolenoid for example.The processor remembers this command through its memory and compares on each scan to see if that limit is, in fact ,closed. If it is closed, the processor energizes the solenoid by turning on the output module.The output device, such as a solenoid or motor stater,is wired to an output mofule’s terminal,and itreceives its shift signal from the processor, in effect the peocessor is performing a long and complicated series of logic decisions. The PLC performs such decisions sequentially and in accordance with the stored program.similarly, analog I/O allows the processor to make decisions based on the magnitude of a signal, rather than just if is on or off.For example,the processor may be programmes toencrease or decrease the steam flow to a boiler(analog output) based on a comparison of the actual temperature in the boiler(analog input) to the desired temperature. this is often performed by utilizing the built-in PID(proportional,integral,derivative) capabilities of the processor.Proper power to the programmable controller is critical. Today’s systems are available in a wide variety of electrical configurations. Virtually all are designed for use in single-phase power systems, and most are now beginning to be offered with the optional ability to operate in a DC supply environment. AC designs are offered in either single voltage supplies, such as 115 or 230V AC; while some can be configured as either through a selection made on the power supply. Proper grounding of the power supply connection is required for a safe installation. Some programmable controller designs have individual grounding connections from rack to face- plates and other system components, so care must be taken to follow well electrical practice in system grounding during electricalinstallation. In certain applications, a 24 or 120 V DC power supply is required. This is common for installations that axe made where no AC power is available, such as remote electrical generation stations. It is also found where AC power is unreliable and where loss of control is considered an unacceptable situationEven the best of today' s well-designed and manufactured programmable controllers require occasional preventative maintenance and repair. This section looks at some of the tools provided by the manufacturer and techniques for general maintenance.Most of the medium- and large-sized programmable controller systems available today are designed to be maintained by individuals with a wide variety of skills, without the benefit of in-depth formal training of this piece of equipment. This is accomplished in the design by providing individual modules of functionality installed in a chassis serviced from the front (all module types including power supplies). Front access is critical to proper maintenance. This allows easy inspection and replacement of the suspected bad module. Module health is determined by inspecting the LED indicators normally provided on the front of each module. Typical indicators will be on or off depending on the design and individual condition of the module in question. Various CPU and I/O modules will have indicators showing I/O control communications status, memory integrity, power supply tolerance check, scan integrity, and others. On future controller designs, and even today on a few systems, it is likely that English language messages will be displayed on the controller advising the user or maintenance personnel that a particular failure has occurred and recommended actions to take.The modular design and diagnostic indicators are, of course, important, but would be quite useless without well designed documentation provided by the manufacturer for the programmable controller system in question. Proper documentation will have sections dedicated to each major subsystem including CPU, I/O, and programming device. Each should explain in depth the stop-by-stop inspection of the system. All possible combinations of failure mode should be listed, along with suggested actions for repair. This will most often involve only the substitution of a re- placement board for the suspected failed unit. The user is urged to purchase a set of spare modules for the system in question as recommended by the manufacturer. This is normally, at a minimum, a single replacement module for each CPU and programming device serviceable module, and spare I/O modules equal to 10% of the number in the system.Because a PLC is “software based”,its control logic functions can be changed byreprogramming its memory. Keyboard programming devices facilitate entry of the revised program, which can be designed to cause an existing machine or process to operate in a different sequence or to respond to different levels of, or combinations of stimuli .Hardware modifications are needed only if additional, changed, or relocated input/output devices are involved.Programmable controller memory is formatted into bits, bytes, and words of memory.A bit is a single storage element for either a zero or a one. A byte consists of eight bits, and a word (normally) consists of 16 bits, or two bytes. Some systems still use a word length of eight bits, but most have adopted a 16 bit word, even though they may use an 8 bit microprocessor.Depending on the specific design of the programmable controller, it will have a stated memory capacity. This is an indication, although not the only one, of the capability and power of the system. Medium and large controllers are normally expandable from one memory size to their maximum size. Small controllers are normally fixed in their memory size. Size of the memory capacity must be examined relative to the word size ( 8 bit or 16 bit) and utilization. While it is clear that twice the information can be stored in a 16 bit word than in an 8 bit word, it may not be immediately clear that some controllers utilize memory more efficiently than others. For example, a normally open contact and its associated reference address (e.g. Input 1), may use in 8 bit byte each for storage. Combined, they consume one 16 bit word. Some controllers may use more memory than this for these instructions or others. In a large program, these inefficiencies can build on each other to cause a poor utilization of the system memory. A careful analysis of the various programmable controller models is required to assess utilization efficiency. Normal practice calls for an additional 20% - 40% of memory size to be specified to allow for modifications and later expansion. This analysis, combined with knowledge of the application needs, will allow for an intelligent choice of programmable controller.In fine, PLC conduct and actions the spot control equipments, can dependable,accurately complete the control the operation, and can pass with upper grade work machine correspondence, constitute the distribute type the system to complete to control the industry equip. system control request, is a modern industry control the inside compare forerunner’s control project, and apply the foreground to is extensive.译文1:可编程逻辑控制器可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)是八十年代发展起来的新一代工业控制装置,是自动控制、计算机和通信技术相结合的产物,是一种专门用于工业生产过程控制的现场设备。

基于三菱PLC的立体车库设计

基于三菱PLC的立体车库设计

基于三菱PLC的立体车库设计摘要:本文以三菱PLC为基础,设计一个立体车库系统。

通过对立体车库的原理及运行过程的分析,设计出一个符合实际需求的控制系统,其中包括PLC控制器、传感器、执行机构等。

实验表明,系统可以实现对车辆的存取管理,具有操作简便、效率高、安全可靠等优点。

关键词:三菱PLC;立体车库;控制系统;传感器;执行机构Abstract:This paper designs a three-dimensional garage system based on Mitsubishi PLC. Through the analysis of the principle and operation process of the three-dimensional garage, a control system that meets the actual needs is designed, including PLC controller, sensors, and executive mechanism. Experiments show that the system can realize the management of vehicle access, with the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, and safety.Keywords: Mitsubishi PLC; three-dimensional garage; control system; sensors; executive mechanism1. 引言随着城市化进程的不断加快,车辆数量的不断增加,停车难的问题日益突出,立体车库因其节约空间、方便快捷等优点,成为研究热点。

本文以三菱PLC为基础,设计一个立体车库控制系统。

2. 立体车库原理及运行过程传统的立体车库主要采用机械式升降方式进行车辆的存取,但由于机械式升降存在噪音大、易损坏等缺陷,且无法进行快速存取。

立体车库机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

立体车库机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

中国地质大学长城学院本科毕业设计外文资料翻译系别:工程技术系专业:机械设计制造及其自动化姓名:裴吉星学号: 052116292015年 4 月 6 日外文原文The Stereo Garagege1.1An overview of the stereo garageVehicles parked nowhere is the problem of the urban social,economic and transport development to a certain extent the result,Garage Equipment development in foreign counties,especially in Japan nearly 30-40 years.Whether technically or in terms of experience had been a success.China is also in the beginning of tht 1990s developed mechanical parking equipment,which was 10years in the past.Because a lot of new residentd in the district with the ratio of 1:1.To address the size of parking spaces for tenants and business areas contradictions 3D mechanical parking equipment with an average size of a small motorcycle’s unique characheristics,the majority of users have been accepted.Compared with the traditional natural underground garage,Machinery garage demonstrates its superiority in many respects.First,the mechanical garage must elapse enough lanes,the average car will occupy an area of 40 square meters,If the use of double-mechanical garage,which would enable ground to improve the utilization rate of around 80% to 90%,If using ground multi-storey(21 storey),three-dimensional garage,50 square meters of land area will be placed on the 40cars,which can greatly save the limited land resources,Civil and save demelopment costs. To underground garage,Mechanical garage can be more effective to ensure personal and vehicle safety in the garage or car kept prospective location,the entire electronic control equipment would not operate.It should be said that the mechanical garage from the management can do a thorough separation of people and vehicles.In the underground garage using mechanical parking,it also can remove the heating ventilation;therefore,Operation of the power consumption than workers in the management of underground garage is much lower.Mechanical garage don’t usually do complete system,but as a single machine containers.This will give full play to its small space,the adwantages of decentralized,Each of the residential areas or groups downstairs to make a complete circuit can be set up random mechanical parking building.This garage of the district can solve the shortage of parking difficulty in providing convenient conditions right now.Currently,three-dimensional garage mainly in the following forms:lifting and transferring,aisle stacking garage,vertical garage,vertical cycle,box-level cycle,the level of circulating round.1.1.1Lifting and transferringLifting and transferring Garage modular design,each module can be designed into two,three,four levels,the five-story,swmi-submerged in various forms,such as the number of parking spaces from a few to hundreds.Three-dimensional garage applies to the ground and underground car parks,configuration flexibility and cost is low.1.Product fratures:⑴Save land,the configuration flexibility,and shorter construction period.⑵Low prices,firefighting and exterior decoration,with a total investment on smallfoundations.⑶Use automatic control,simple structure,safe and reliable.⑷Access to a quick,short waiting time.⑸Run a smooth,low noise⑹Applies to commercial,offices,and residential quarters supporting the use of car parks.2.Safety devices:anti-dropping device,a photoelectric sensor,spacing protectors, Emergency stop switch.1.1.2Aisle stacking garageAisle stacking garage used as a stacking machine tool access vehicles.All vehicles are stacking machine access,so the techinal requirements for stacker higher,a single stacker cost is higher.So aisle stacking apply to the parking garage need a few more customers.1.1.3Vertical GarageVertical Garage Elevator similar to the principle that both sides of the hoist layout spaces.Generally need a ground vehicle rotary tables can be saved by the driver away.Vertical Garage generally higher high(tens of meters),safety equipment, Installation precision machining requirements are very high,high cost,but has the smallest area.1.1.4Vertical cycleProduct features:⑴cover an area of small;two berths area can stop 6-10 vehicles.⑵The decoration can be added only roof,fire hydrants available.⑶Low prices,foundation.external decoration,fire and other small investmentmshort construction periods.⑷Use automatic control,safe and reliable operation.2.1The stereo garage automatic control systemThe modern large-scale building mainstream is intelligent mansion and community.So,automated parking equipment or garage automatic control system will become intelligent mansion and an important part of community.Simple,fast,easy to use,safe,reliable.and less maintenance,to provide users with a safe,easy to use equipment operating conditions , vehicles parked in time , vehicle storage Malaysia,Garage storage capacity.Vehicles kept high and low peaks,and other information can be transmitted through the network of intelligent control center through intelligent control center operator,and the broadcasting system and the management office of the Division linked related to early release control, management information,thus achieving all the intelligent management.Buliding and the Community through the intelligent control of the center could also associate with social nerworking functions.Information released to the collection coming out or expands utilization of the garage social and economic benefits.This will be the automation of the development direction of the garage.Solid Garage automation control system include the following five major subsystems:automatic toll collection management system automatic access systems for remote diagnosis system,automatic gate,control security system.Subsystems are more unified control of the central control room,for customers planning Garage form of management,Published garage inventory capacity,traffic control program.2.1The stereo garage automatic control systemThe modern large-scale building mainstream is intelligent mansion and community.So,automated parking equipment or garage automatic control system will become intelligentmansion and an important part of community.Simple,fast,easy to use,safe,reliable,and less maintenance,to provide users with a safe,easy to use environment operating conditions,vehicles parked in time,vehicle storage Malaysia,garage storage capacity.Vehicles kept high and low peaks,and other information can be transmitted through the network of intelligent control center through intelligent control center operator,and the broadcasting system and the management office of the Division linked related to early release control,management information,thus achieving all the intelligent management.Buliding and the Community through the intelligent control of the center could also associate with networking rmation released to the collection coming out or expands utilization of the parage social and economic benefits.This will be the automation of the development direction of the garage.Solid Garage automation control system include the following five major subsystems:automatic toll collection management system automatic access systems for remote diagnosis system,automatic Gate,control security system.Subsystems are more unified control of the central control room,for customers planning Garage form of management,Published garage inventory capacity,traffic control program.2.1.1Automatic Toll Management SystemAutomatic charge adopts contactless IC card.IC card points long-term card and the stored-card.For fixed users,the issue of long-term cards,the cost of fixed users pays management fees paid together;on the temporary users,issue stored-value cards,namely:the user fees paid cards exist within each parking card reader automatically deducted from the cost.2.1.2Automatic vehicle access systemAutomatic vehicle access system is generally controlled by small PLC.Including the identification card number and mobile disc contains two cars ers enter the garage at the entrance to Swiping cards,reader data automatically transmitted to the PLC control system,PLC system through the judgment card number and automatically set the corresponding site mobile trucks and vehicles to the handover location,the garage door opened,shorten the time access to cars.Truck drivers light singles in accordance with be normal light-Kai.Access car after thr completion of the garage doors shut down automatically.Mobile site contains car,the system in strict accordance with the various signal detection mobile state,including long signal detection,Detection in place,the position detection limit,officers hit detection, emergency stop signal detection.If cars are running plate is not in place or vehicle length in excess of the permitted length of the garage,all vehicles disc will contain no ancion.If detected emergency stop signal to stop all action until the emergency stop signal disappeared.Above,signals are hardware signals,in addition,the software can also be installed to control signal protection,such as the protection of the time,to ensure that the damage due to hardware failure to singal equipment and the main guarantee for the safety of vehicles.2.1.3Remote diagnosis systemControllers can spot card, hubs and other network equipment and control center connected to the LAN,MODEN through remote management,monitoring the operation of the scane,when the scene failure, in the control center can be addressed to facilitate the management,e-office secutity personnel.2.1.4Automatic GateIn the garage entrance of the no-contact reader,and the Gate of coil users in the garage entrances Swiping cards,the system automatically discriminates validity of the card,if valid,the Gate open automatically,through induction coils,Automatic self-closing fence;If invalid,the Gate is not open,sound and alarm.2,1,5Monitoring security systemMonitoring security system is in the central control room for monitoring and controlling the operation of the garage scene conditions.It has motion detection,licence plate recognition,network connections,different types of alarm systems linkage,and other functions,can be achieved unguarded.System catalog:Video monitoring function:the garage entrances,and the duty,the main segments within the garage installation focusing cameras.On the larger spaces installation spherical platforms,in order toachieve all-round garage on real-time monitoring.If the garage light conditions of the poor would use black-and-white cameras.Motion Detection functions:setting up the night in the garage of motion diction retion,detecting when there a moving target,Motion Detection and Alarm function remind staffs. LPR functions:it can set up the garage lighr vehicle license plates,vehicle.When the light vehicles entering the garage regional surveillance,the system automatically cross-referenced with images of a very odd situation,issued awarning signal and automatic switching and record their images.Alarm linkage function:all can move even the police mainframe,if activated Relay acousto-optic warning issued notice of security personnel to voluntarily disarm Gate interception of vehicular access.Digital video functions:it with a continuous record of what happened in the garage, can be synchronized intervals over images arbitrary choice of the overall image to enlarge and local amplification,recording,playback,backup can be conducted all kinds of information. Reportedly,has begun an increasing number of residential quarters began to use a mechanical garage.Taking into account the cost and maintenance,the majority of the district is a multi-storey lifting and transferring parking equipment,mass storage mechanical garage also rarely.Lifting and transferring Garage Equipment parking flow indicate the following:1、The sense of light yellow instructions garage operationRed lamp was ongoing operating instructions,please wait;Green light is currentlyno operating instructions,can operate;yellow light instructions were to fail,the garage cannot work.2、The operationDriver of vehicles enter from the garage entrance.At the entrance of non-contact sensors Reader former regional shaken following their IC cards,induction process completed,the fence automatically rises driver drove into the garage.The fence shut down automatically after vehicles entering.Card is the controller to read spaces,corresponding to the parking garage containing cars moved to the site automatically transfer vehicle location,Automatic garage door open units.Car drivers entering and parking in place,Latin hand brake,alighted out of the garage,using IC cards in the garage exit Huang about IC cards Garage door modules to shut down pleted deposit truck operators.3、Collect the car operationDriver entering the garage at the entrance to the non-contact secsors Reader formor regionalshaken following their IC cards Controller automatically read spaces,corresponding to the parking garage containing cars moved to the site qautomatically transfer vehicle location,Automatic garage door open modules,drivers entering the garage and drive out,in the garage exit of the automatic reader receive information,Host controller cutomatically recorded,prepaid,automatically raising the fence,the driver drove the playing field,appeared after fencing to shut down automatically.Meanwhile,Controller automatically read spaces,corresponding to the garage door unit shut down automatically.Vehicle operation finished. The garage has a complete self-protection device in the course of operation.A series of photoelectric switches,proximity switches,trip switches and other vehicles on site contains accurate operation in place to play a decisive role;falling unique defense installations,broken rope warning device,speeding vehicle protection device to protect the security role played.Detection of long vehicles,vehicle parking is not in place detection,and personnel into a detection signal of vehicles and the safety play a decisive role.翻译立体车库1.1立体车库概述车辆无处停放的问题是城市的社会、经济、交通发展到一定程度产生的结果,立体停车设备的发展在国外,尤其在日本已有近30-40年的历史,无论在技术上还是在经验上均已获得了成功。

基于PLC的升降横移式立体车库毕业设计

基于PLC的升降横移式立体车库毕业设计

毕业设计(论文)题目:基于PLC的升降横移式立体车库系(部):机械电子工程系专业班级:机电10-1班姓名:王旭学号:201031003指导教师:陶国清2013 年5 月29 日摘要本文介绍了升降横移式立体车库的工作原理,确定了以PLC为主控单元的控制方案,并对控制系统的输入、输出进行了详细分析,完成了控制系统的输入、输出分配和PLC选型,设计了控制系统的程序流程图,完成了立体车库控制系统设计。

关键词:升降横移式;立体车库;PLCAbstractThe principle of the up-down and translation cubic garage is introduced. The control project that PLC is used as the main control unit is designed. By analyzing inputs and outputs of the control system, the inputs and outputs distribution of the control system is finished and the type of PLC is selected. Moreover, the program flow chart of the control system is designed and the control system of cubic garage is implemented.Key words: up-down and translation; cubic garage; PLC目录1引言 (1)1.1立体车库概述 (1)1.1.1概述 (1)1.1.2立体车库的分类 (1)1.2立体车的国内外发展情况 (1)2升降横移式立体车库控制方式 (3)2.1升降横移式立体车库的控制形式 (3)2.2 升降横移式立体车库的特点 (3)2.3 选择设计的立体车库 (3)3 升降横移式立体车库 (5)3.1 升降横移式立体车库的主要组成部分 (5)3.2 升降横移式立体车库车位结构 (5)3.3 升降横移式立体车库的结构及运行规图 (5)4 升降横移式立体停车库的硬件系统 (6)4.1控制系统控制核心单元的选择 (6)4.2 传感器的选择 (6)4.3 行程开关 (7)4.4 驱动元件 (8)5 升降横移式立体停车库的控制系统 (9)5.1软件所要完成的控制任务 (9)5.1.1升降横移式立体停车库控制系统的控制任务.. 95.1.2升降横移式立体停车库控制系统的基本要求.. 95.2控制程序流程图 (10)5.3 PLC的I/O口资源配置 (13)5.4 升降横移类立体车库的梯形图 (15)总结 (26)致谢 (27)6 参考文献 (28)附录A I/O控制原理图 (29)附录B 立体车库运行梯形图及说明 (30)1引言1.1立体车库概述1.1.1概述机械式立体车库就是以立体化的方式用机构来存取、停放车辆的整个停车设施,即用机械设备将汽车存放到立体化的停车位或从停车位元取出的方式。

基于PLC的立体车库控制系统毕业设计

基于PLC的立体车库控制系统毕业设计

天津职业技术师范大学本科生毕业设计基于PLC的立体车库控制系统Design of Cubic Garage Control System Based on PLC专业班级:学生姓名:指导教师:学院:摘要随着中国社会的飞快成长,买车已经是很普遍的事。

城市里已经建成的停车场远不够用,导致将车停放在路边的行为越来越泛滥。

通过形式各异的立体车库和停车场以及地下车库的对比,很多地方都突出立体车库优点。

日本已经与30、40年前开展了立体车库的研究。

若使用双层立体车库,可让每平方米土地得到充分的使用,与地下车库相比,可以减少冬季采暖以及通风管道等设备,而立体车库使用中的用电量与前者对比而言,立体车库用电量较低。

本文介绍了升降横移式立体车库的工作原理,选择二层三列式立体车库作为研究对象,本文简单介绍了立体车库的背景、优点;对升降横移式立体车库的组成、运动方式作了深入分析;确定了以西门子s7-200PLC作为控制系统核心的控制系统;使用组态王软件对系统进行监控,保证使用安全性;做出PLC的I/O分配,并完成了程序流图,完成立体停车库控制系统设计。

关键词:立体车库;PLC;控制系统ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of Chinese society, it is a common thing for people buying car. Since the lacking of parking lot, more and more people begin to park their car at the road side. The comparison among stereo garage with various forms, parking lot and underground parking lot manifests the advantage of stereo garage from many aspects. Jan has researched the stereo garage since about 35 years ago. The double-layer stereo garage can take full use of every square meter’s land and it can decrease the uses of ventilate equipment and heating equipment in winter as well as has lower electricity consumption while comparing to underground parking lot.This thesis, setting double-layer and three-stand stereo garage as research object, explains the work principle of lifting and transferring stereo garage; simply introduces the background and advantage of stereo garage; deeply analyzes the composition and operation method of lifting and transferring stereo garage; confirms the control system setting on the core of Siemens s7-200PLC; employs Kingview software to monitor the system for ensuring its safety; conducts I/0 distribution of PLC; accomplishes the program flow chart; as well as couplets the control system design for stereo garage.Key words: cubic garage; PLC;control system目录第一章研究立体车库的意义 (1)1.1立体车库的研究背景 (1)1.2立体车库的优点 (1)1.3立体车库的分类及其特点 (2)1.3.1横移类机械式停车设备 (2)1.3.2垂直循环类机械式停车设备 (2)1.3.3堆垛类机械式停车设备 (2)1.4本课题主要研究内容 (3)第二章升降横移式立体车库 (4)2.1升降横移式立体车库的简述 (4)2.2升降横移式立体车库的结构及组成部分 (4)2.3PLC的选择 (4)2.4PLC核心控制部分 (6)2.52×3式升降横移式立体停车库的运动分析 (7)第三章升降横移式立体车库控制原理及控制系统组成 (10)3.1升降横移式立体车库的系统控制原理 (10)3.2升降横移式立体车库的硬件组成 (11)3.3升降横移式立体车库的检测部分 (13)3.4升降横移式立体车库的安全措施 (14)3.5升降横移式立体车库的通信设备 (15)第四章基于组态王的监控设计 (16)4.1组态王介绍 (16)4.2组态王使用方法 (16)第五章升降横移式立体车库PLC控制的控制程序 (19)5.1程序控制流程图 (19)5.2PLC的I/O点分配表及硬件连线图 (20)5.3PLC的编程 (20)总结 (22)参考文献 (23)致谢 (24)附录 (25)第一章研究立体车库的意义1.1立体车库的研究背景随着中国社会的飞快成长,买车已经是很普遍的事。

PLCS7-200立体车库毕业设计(带有上位机及梯形图程序)

PLCS7-200立体车库毕业设计(带有上位机及梯形图程序)

PLCS7-200立体车库毕业设计(带有上位机及梯形图程序)学校代码:学号:毕业论文(设计) BACH ELOR DISSERTATION论文题目:基于PLC立体车库控制系统的设计学位类别:工学学士学科专业:自动化1班作者姓名:导师姓名:完成时间:基于PLC的立体车库控制系统的设计中文摘要随着我国经济的飞速发展,城市人口日益增多,特别是随着改革开放以来,我国进入了汽车拥有率迅速上升时候。

以往那种单层平面停车场也越来越不能满足市场的需求。

对多停车位、少占空间、使用操作简单、安全可靠的“立体停车库”的建设,是解决目前寸土寸金的大都市内停车难的有效办法。

本设计基于PLC控制,同时利用下位机与上位机通讯,在上位机上进行实时监控立体车库运行,升降横移立体停车库车位结构为M*N 的2维矩阵形式,M为层,N为列,可设计为多层、多列。

现在设计为3层*3列车库。

本设计软件部分是基于SETP7 Micro/WIN开发环境,采用梯形图进行程序编写。

硬件部分是基于上位机MCGS组态环境及下位机硬件试验箱完成的。

毕业设计结果表明:该系统可以实现空车车位号的LED显示,并且LED显示实现了优先选择空车位的功能,即1号车位优先于2号、2号优先于3号,以此类推。

上位机上可以实现车位的升降横移功能。

关键词:PLC;立体车库;组态软件;S7-200;监控系统The design of general multi-layered fluctuation three-dimensional garagecontrol system based on PLCABSTRACTWith the rapid development of China's economy,increasing urban population, especially with the reform and opening up, China has entered a rapid increase in car ownership in time. Single-plane parking lot in the past that can not meet market demand. On more parking spaces, less space, use a simple, safe and reliable "parking" of the building, is solve the high cost of land within the city parking is difficult and effective way.The design is based on PLC control, while use of lower computer and the host computer communication, the host computer on a real-time monitoring parking operation, lifting and transferring parking parking structure for the M * N 2-dimensional matrix, M for the layer, N is the column can be designed for the multi-layer, multi-column.Now is designed to 3 * 3. Part of this design software is based on SETP7 Micro / WIN development environment for programming using ladder. Hardware configuration is based on PC MCGS environment and lower computer hardware test chamber complete.Graduation results show that: the system can empty parking space number LED display and LED display of the priority function of empty parking spaces, that parking space No. 1 priority 2, priority 2, 3, and so on. PC can be achieved on the function of lifting and transferring of parking spaces.Keywords: PLC; parking; configuration software;S7-200;Monitoring System目录第一章前言 (1)1.1本课题研究的主要意义 (1)1.2 发展的现状及前景展望 (1)1.3本课题的主要任务及结构组织 (3)第二章立体车库系统设计 (5)2.1 立体车库系统功能设计 (5)2.2 立体车库系统结构的设计 (5)2.3 系统方案设计及选择 (6)2.3.1方案的设计 (6)2.3.2 方案的选择 (7)第三章立体车库的软件系统设计及实现 (7)3.1 PLC概述 (7)3.1.1 PLC的基本结构 (9)3.1.2 PLC的编程语言 (12)3.2 西门子S7-200 (16)3.3 STEP7-Micro/WIN软件的使用及编程规则 (16) 3.3.1 STEP7-Micro/WIN的使用 (16)3.3.2 STEP7-Micro/WIN的编程规则 (19)3.4 软件系统设计 (19)3.4.1 输入输出分配表 (19)3.4.2 I/O接线图 (20)3.4.3 顺序功能图 (20)3.4.4 梯形图 (21)第四章立体车库的硬件设计及实现 (22)4.1 MCGS组态软件的介绍 (22)4.2 MCGS组态设计 (24)4.2.1 用户窗口设计 (24)4.2.2 设备窗口设计 (25)4.2.3实时数据库 (28)4.2.4 组态画面与下位机关联 (29)4.3 硬件实验箱设计 (31)第五章立体车库系统的调试与分析 (32)5.1 调试结果及分析 (32)5.2 出现的问题及解决方法 (33) 第六章结束语及展望 (33)参考文献 (34)致谢 (35)附录(梯形图) (36)。

基于PLC立体车库监控系统的设计毕业设计(含外文翻译)

基于PLC立体车库监控系统的设计毕业设计(含外文翻译)
简易升降式:设备的结构简单,操作容易,可充分利用地下空间,面积利用率在2倍以上,多用于住宅、办公楼周边。
垂直循环式:分为大型循环和小型循环两种。它们具有省地(占地面积小)、方便(一次按键即可完成存取车)、迅速(调车时间短)、灵活(设置灵活)、可靠(维修量少)、经济(节约大量土地购置费)、节能(不需强制通风和大面积照明)的特点。
Key words:ParkingPLCMCGS
1
近年来,随着我国经济的飞速发展,人均收入水平的提高。私家车的数量也随之日益猛增,特别是在一些高档小区,住户拥有2辆或2辆以上的私家车已经变得相当普遍。然而在许多的新建小区住房与车位的配比基本是1:1,甚至有些还只达到50%-80%。而买房人的超前意识和备用心理让车位成为抢手货,车位的价格也就水涨船高。这就导致买房者在买房时势必会考虑的很多的问题。如何解决停车站位的面积与住户商用面积的矛盾,已然成为开发商吸引买房者的一个重要措施。机械式立体车库的出现对于这个问题起到很好的解决。目前其有以下几种形式:升降横移式、巷道堆垛式、简易升降类、垂直升降式、垂直循环式、平面移动式、箱型水平循环式、多层循环式。
论文描述了多层升降横移式立体车库的运行原理和结构特点,介绍了其控制系统的硬件组成、控制软件的设计。在此基础上,利用MCGS组态软件进行上位机监控,设计监控画面,实现了对车库运行过程及车库状态的监测。
关键词:立体车库PLCMCGS
Design of Monitoring System Based on PLC for Cubic Garage
Cubic garage, which takes the single-layer plane parking lot as the core, is the multi-dimensional space parking garage. It uses programmable controller (Programming Logic Controller, also called PLC) to realize multiple monolayer plane stops by controlling the berth space position the change.In this project, an automatic control system is designed to control the three-dimensionalcubic garagebased ona programmable logic controller (PLC)S7-200 of Siemens.It realizes various of functions by the THFLT-1cubic garagemode. Thecharacteristicsand application ofcubic garageis briefly introduced in this paper. The system component, the work principle, how to control stepper motor and how to programmable are also introduced in detail. On this basis, this design realizes the real-time monitoring program forcubic garagemode by MCGS software.

(完整版)外文翻译改立体车库(可编辑修改word版)

(完整版)外文翻译改立体车库(可编辑修改word版)

本科毕业设计外文文献及译文文献、资料题目:Specification. Analysis andVerification of an AutomatedParking Garage文献、资料来源:谷歌学术文献、资料发表(出版)日期:2005院(部)机电工程学院专业:机械工程及自动化班级:机械112姓名:江治国学号:2011071154指导教师:刘辉翻译日期:2015.3.10外文文献:Speciflcation^ Analysis and Verification of an Automated Parking Garage Aad Mathijssen,A. Johannes PretoriusAbstractIn this report we discuss the specification, analysis and verification of an automated parkinggarage in mCRL2, a process algebra with data. We view the parking garage as a system that weconceplually divide into three layers: a logical layer, a safety layer and a hardware abstractionlayer. This allows us to abstract from implementation details (hardware abstraction layer) andalgorithm design (logical layer). Instead, we are able to focus on the specification of acommunication interface between these two layers that only allows safe system behavior. Thisinterface constitutes the safety layer. For the safety layer, we identify and fonnuiate a number of requirements. These are verified and reported on. We also discuss the analysis of the specificationof the safety layer with a simple custom visualization tool. This tool was implemented as a plug-in to the mCRL2 toolset and helped us gain important insights during the specification andanalysis of the safety layer.1IntroductionDuring the past two decades process algebras have become increasingly popular tools fordescribing complex systems that interact with their environment (5]・ Such systems differ fromclassic batch processes that receive input, process the input, preduce output and then terminate. Instead, their behavior is continuously influenced by information that they receive from their environment. An automated p arking garage is a p rime exam pie of such a system. It is in op eration24 hours a day, 7 days a week; it is continuously on standby, ready to stowaway and retrieve carsfor users. Furthermore, the state of the garage is constantly changing as cars are added andremoved. At any p oint in time, this state influences which op erations are possible and how theyare executed.Process algebra allows for high-level descriptions of systems that interact with theirenvironment. A system is regarded as a number of interacting processes that together describe its behaviour. In this way a mathematical model is acquired and this is used to prove variousProperties of the system using mathematical proof techniques. The process algebra used in this report is mCRL2 [3]. It succeeds and extends pCRL [4, 5].With pCRL a large number of real-world systems have been analysed and verified- Some of the successes that pCRL has booked include the detection of an unknown deadlock in the most complex variant of the sliding window protocol [L 11], the identification of a number of errors in a distributed lifting system for trucks [2] and the discovery of two errors in a Java distributed memory impleinentation [9]. From all these experiinents we unfortunately have had to formulate the 100% rule: in 100% of the cases considered, systems turn out to contain more or less serious errors, which are not very hard to detect.An important characteristic of mCRL2 and its predecessor pCRL is the inclusion of data .Experience has shown that in real-world systems data is of parainount importance [6]. In addition to the execution of actions, it is often the case that data is stored and communicated, thus having a significant influence on system behaviour.In the remainder of this report we discuss the specification of an automated parking garage in mCRL2・ We also discuss the analysis and verification of the system and the techniques used. In section 2 we provide more details on the challenges presented by this system. In section 3 we outline the approach we have taken to address these issues and we explain how we conceplually divide the system into three layers. This allows us to concentrate on one layer, the safety layer.which we believe is essential in verifying that the system is safe. We follow this by a discussion of mCRL2 and the mCRL2 toolset in section 4. In sections 5, 6 and 7 we specify the hardware abstraction layer, the safety layer and the logical layer respectively. We treat the hardware abstraction layer and the logicallayer tersely but reveal more details of the safety layer: we provide a specification, formulate a number of safety requirements and verify these. In section 8 we describe a simple visualization plug-in for the inCRL2 toolset as well as the insights we gained from using it. Finally, we draw conclusions in section 9.2Problem descriptionThe parking garage that we are concerned with was commissioned by developers in Bremen,Germany and was designed by the Dutch comp any CVSS Automated Parking Systems. It will be realised below street level in the basement of an existing building. Access to the garage will beprovided with a vertical lift shaft that has a doorway at street leveL To use the facility, users will drive their car through this doorway into the lift. After they have exited from their car and the lift.their car will automatically be lowered to an intermediate level, rotated 180。

基于PLC立体车库监控系统的设计毕业设计(含外文翻译)

基于PLC立体车库监控系统的设计毕业设计(含外文翻译)
1.读取输入
在PLC的存储器中,设置了一片区域来存放输入信号和输出信号的状态,它们分别称为输入过程映像寄存器和输出过程映像寄存器。
在读取输入阶段,PLC把所有外部数字量输入电路的1/0状态(或称ON/OFF状态)读入输入过程映像寄存器。外接的输入电路闭合时,对应的输入过程映像寄存器为1状态,梯形图中对应的输入点的常开触点接通,常闭触点断开。外接的输入电路断开时,对应的输入过程映像寄存器为0状态பைடு நூலகம்梯形图中对应的输入点的常开触点断开,常闭触点接通。
简易升降式:设备的结构简单,操作容易,可充分利用地下空间,面积利用率在2倍以上,多用于住宅、办公楼周边。
垂直循环式:分为大型循环和小型循环两种。它们具有省地(占地面积小)、方便(一次按键即可完成存取车)、迅速(调车时间短)、灵活(设置灵活)、可靠(维修量少)、经济(节约大量土地购置费)、节能(不需强制通风和大面积照明)的特点。
垂直升降式:这种设备的类型很多、其最大的优点是平面和空间利用率最高,几乎停放一辆车只需一平方米建筑面积,还具有高性能、省电、噪音小、存(取)快、安全可靠、操作简单、维护方便等优点,最适宜建在高度繁华的城市中心区和车辆停放的集聚点,如大型商场、饭店、医院等[2]。
而升降横移式是目前立体车库中使用最多的。其具有特点为:
表23plc地址分配输入变量变量标注输出变量变量标注i00轴左限位q00轴脉冲i01轴右限位q01y轴脉冲i02y轴上限位q03轴方向i03y轴下限位q05y轴方向i04键盘值输入一位q06货台前伸i05键盘值输入二位q07货台后退i06键盘值输入三位q10就绪i07键盘值输入四位q11取出i10货台到位限位q12放置i11货台回位限位q13十位显示i12货台是否有车q14bcd输出显示一位i13手动自动q15bcd输出显示二位i15号车库q16bcd输出显示三位i16号车库q17bcd输出显示四位i17号车库i20号车库i21号车库i22号车库i23号车库i2415i25号车库i26号车库i2710号车库253plc16根据io地址分配表结合系统的功能分析系统的输入输出接线图如图29所示

毕业论文-基于PLC的全自动立体停车库控制系统设计

毕业论文-基于PLC的全自动立体停车库控制系统设计

本科毕业设计(论文) GRADUATION DESIGN(THESIS)题目:基于PLC的全自动立体停车库控制系统设计学生姓名:指导教师:学院:专业班级:2015年6月基于PLC的全自动立体停车库控制系统设计摘要本文设计了一种垂直升降式立体停车库,其机械部分主要采用小车作为横移装置,用举升机实现载车板交换,用曳引系统完成垂直升降;车库共8层,每层2个车位,共14个车位。

本文的重点在于立体车库控制系统的设计。

控制系统采用PLC作控制器,利用变频器进行调速,用各种接近开关作检测装置。

用功能分析的方法设计了详细的控制方案、检测方案,并进行了车库的安全设计。

对低速定位原理进行了数学分析,得出平方反比规律。

提出变频器分时驱动两台电机的思路。

完成对主要元器件的选型,设计了控制系统的主电路,PLC I/O电路和变频器接线电路。

用顺序控制的方法设计了PLC控制程序,提出监控软件的界面设计。

设计了控制柜的元件布置图,完成控制柜的柜体结构设计。

关键词:立体车库横移小车控制系统 PLC 变频器控制柜Design of an automatic stereo garage control systemAbstractThe thesis designs vertical lifting stereo garage,of which the mechanical part adaptsA vehical as the sideslipping equipment,a hydraulic lifter to exchange the car carrying board,a traction system to lif vertically.There are 8 floors in the garage,two parking spots on each floor and 14 parking spots altogether.The thesis emphasize on the control system of stereo garage.The control system adapts PLC as the controller,the frequency converter as the speed regulator, proximity switch as the sensor.With the method of function-analyzing,design specific control and sensing and safety solutions.Analyze the principle of low speed positioning mathmatically and find the inverse-square law.Propose an idea of time-sharing driving with one convertor.Select main equipments and design the power circuit and the control circuit of PLC and convertor.Design the control program of PLC using the sequential control method and design the control and monitor interface.Design the layout of elements of control cabinet,try the structure design.Key words:stereo garage sideslipping vechical control system PLCfrequency converter control cabinet目录第1章绪论 (1)1.1 研究背景及意义 (1)1.2 国内外发展概况 (1)1.3 立体车库的种类 (2)1.4 本文研究的内容 (3)第2章总体设计及控制系统方案设计 (4)2.1 立体车库总体方案 (4)2.1.1 立体车库类别及基本参数 (4)2.1.2 主功能原理设计 (4)2.1.3 立体车库的技术参数 (7)2.1.4 车库总体布置图 (7)2.2 控制系统总体方案 (8)2.2.1 控制系统功能分析 (8)2.2.2 曳引控制方案设计 (8)2.2.3 横移控制方案设计 (14)2.2.4 举升控制方案设计 (15)2.2.5 安全设计 (17)2.2.6 控制系统总体结构方案 (19)第3章控制系统电器选型及电路设计 (21)3.1 主电路设计 (21)3.1.1 动力电路 (21)3.1.2 直流供电电路 (23)3.1.3 辅助电路 (23)3.1.4 断路器设置 (23)3.1.5 接地 (23)3.2电气设备选型 (24)3.2.1 执行电器选型 (24)3.2.2 变频器选型 (24)3.2.3 PLC选型 (26)3.2.4 变频器选件选型 (27)3.2.5 接近开关选型 (27)3.2.6 设备和器件清单 (28)3.3 PLC I/O接口电路设计 (29)3.4 变频器电路设计 (30)第4章控制柜设计 (32)4.1 控制柜元件布置图设计 (32)4.2 控制柜结构设计 (33)4.3 电源指示及控制面板设计 (36)第5章软件设计 (37)5.1 控制软件流程图设计 (37)5.2 控制软件程序设计 (42)5.2.2自动程序总体设计方法 (42)5.2.3自动程序的调用及结构设计思路 (42)5.2.4与变频器的通信 (44)5.3 监控软件界面设计 (44)第6章结论 (45)结束语 (46)参考文献 (52)第1章绪论1.1 研究背景及意义随着经济的快速发展,人们的生活水平逐渐提高,对汽车的需求量也逐渐升高;同时,汽车工业的蓬勃发展使得其价格被越来越多的人接受。

基于三菱PLC控制的升降横移式立体车库设计

基于三菱PLC控制的升降横移式立体车库设计

摘要近年来随着我国经济的飞速发展,城市人口日益增多,特别是随着改革开放以来,我国进入了汽车拥有率进入急速上升时期。

Stereo garage is specifically implement check of vehicles automatic parking and scientific storage acilities. With the increasing of urban car ownership, parking problem has become a common phenomenon of large and medium-sized cities. Mechanical stereo garage can make full use of land resources, making full use of the advantages of space and maximize the parked vehicles, become the important way to solve the problem of urban static traffic. This topic was typical to lift move transversely type parking equipment as the research object, considering the three-dimensional garage dual factors of manufacturing cost and operation efficiency.Based on the garage at home and abroad present situation and the development trend on the basis of investigation and choose three layer three column type garage structure as the research model. Lifting and moving type stereo garage in terms of their component parts, can be divided into three parts: the garage structural parts, transmission parts and control system. This article simply introduces the main structure and characteristics of garage, the garage control system also made a simple description, based on three-dimensional garage lifting and moving type, the operation principle of using the theory of three-dimensional garage for lifting and moving structure has carried on the comprehensive analysis, including the lifting of the frame transverse transmission system and elevator drive system of axial strength and so on. In three-dimensional garage for lifting and moving the design of control system, adopt advanced PLC control, by use of mitsubishi's programming software developed lifting and moving type three-dimensional garage control system application, and the debugging and running, prove that using programmable controller (PLC) as control system is simple. Its stable, reliable, rapid, cost-effective features make control according to the state of mechanical parking equipment general safety standards, lift the lateral movement type parking equipment and actual use in the lift move transversely type parking equipment necessary security technology, so that ensures the complete safety of the vehicle, make the whole garage can be safe and smooth operation.Key words: Stereo garage; Control system; The PLC目录1 绪论 (4)1.1 本课题设计的背景 (4)1.2 本题设计的目的及意义 (4)1.3 立体车库在国内外研究发展现状 (5)1.4 本题设计的内容 (6)2 系统方案的设定 (6)2.1 方案论证 (6)2.2 自动化立体车库常见形式 (7)2.3 升降横移式立体库控制系统整体方案 (7)3 立体车库机械部分设计 (8)3.1 立体车库的基本结构 (8)3.1.1 升降横移式立体车库的工作原理 (8)3.1.2 立体车库主要机械构件及其功能 (9)3.2 立体车库中的安全防护装置 (9)4 立体车库控制系统硬件设计 (9)4.1 电气控制系统整体设计 (9)4.2 硬件系统配置 (9)4.2.1 PLC概述 (9)4.2.2 PLC的工作方式 (10)4.3 其他硬件资源配置 (11)5 立体车库控制系统软件设计 (11)5.1 PLC的特点及选型 (11)5.2 PLC的I/O口资源配置 (12)5.3 电气控制系统PLC接线图 (13)5.4 PLC控制程序设计 (15)5.5 控制系统程序梯形图 (16)6 基于组态王的监控界面设计............................... 错误!未定义书签。

立体车库外文翻译原文

立体车库外文翻译原文

立体车库外文翻译原文编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(立体车库外文翻译原文)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

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AUTOMATED PARKING: STATUS IN THE UNITED STATESADVANTAGES AND CRITERIARICHARD S。

BEEBE, DIRECTORPARKING AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNINGCONSULTING ENGINEERS GROUP, INC.55 E。

EUCLID AVE., MT。

PROSPECT, IL 60056USAPRESENTEDATWORLD PARKING SYMPOSIUM IIIST. ANDREWS, SCOTLAND: JUNE 25, 2001AUTOMATED PARKING – THE ENVIRONMENTALSOLUTION TO THE URBAN PARKING SHORTAGEADVANTAGES AND CRITERIAGUIDELINES TO AUTOMATED GARAGE DEVELOPMENT♦The current state—of-the-art automated parking systems • Types• Capacities• Operating Systems• Site Area Criteria♦ Financial/Operating Advantages• Land Area and Savings•Operation’s Savings• Cost Features of Vehicle/Patron Security• Time and Motion♦ Environmental Advantages• Reduced Miles of Interior Travel• Reduced Emissions Production• Reduced Noise Generation• Reduced Construction Products and Impacts of Construction Activity ♦ System Applications• Location – Freestanding or Inside Buildings• Capacity and Structure Design• User Populations and Specific Needs• Traffic and Exterior Conditions♦ Typical Installations• Above Ground• Below Ground• Site and Operating Statistics♦ Movement Toward System Recognition/Criteria for Development• Parking Interests• Potential User Interests• International Media Attention• Product PromotionHISTORY OF MECHANICAL PARKING IN THE U.S. AND ITS STATUS IN 2001INTRODUCTIONMechanical parking systems were first introduced in the U。

立体车库外文翻译

立体车库外文翻译

本科生毕业设计(论文)外文翻译毕业设计(论文)题目:基于PLC的自动化立体车库控制系统设计__ 外文题目:PLC control three-dimensional garage system design _ 译文题目:PLC控制的立体车库系统设计学生姓名:徐芳菲_______________专业:自动化_______________指导教师姓名:于冬梅________________评阅日期:_____________________PLC控制的立体车库系统设计Ho Gi Jung*,Chi Gun Choi ,Dong Suk kim ,Pal Joo YoonMANDO CorporationZIP446-901,413-5,Gomae-Dong,Giheung-Gu,Yongin-si,Kyonggi-Do,Korea 摘要:立体停车库生产在中国是个新兴行业,立体停车库可缓解城市动、静态交通问题,改善居住环境,有效利用土地价值。

本系统采用PLC、计算机结合组态画面监控,按动按钮或控制组态画面即可完成汽车存取过程,操作简单,存取方便。

控制电路部分采用交流接触器传统方式,使运行安全可靠。

设计采用可分组合,模块式安装,方便灵活,具备维护使用方便,造价低等特点。

关键词:立体车库可编程控制器组态监控Ⅰ.引言车辆无处停放的问题是城市的社会、经济、交通发展到一定程度产生的结果,立体停车设备的发展在国外,尤其在日本已有近30~40年的历史,无论在技术上还是在经验上均已获得了成功。

我国也于90年代初开始研究开发机械立体停车设备,距今已将近二十年的历程。

由于很多新建小区内住户与车位的配比为1:1,为了解决停车位占地面积与住户商用面积的矛盾,立体机械停车设备以其平均单车占地面积小的独特特性,已被广大用户接受。

机械车库与传统的自然地下车库相比,在许多方面都显示出优越性。

首先,机械车库具有突出的节地优势。

以往的地下车库由于要留出足够的行车通道,平均一辆车就要占据40平方米的面积,而如果采用双层机械车库,可使地面的使用率提高80%—90%,如果采用地上多层(21层)立体式车库的话,50平方米的土地面积上便可存放40辆车,这可以大大地节省有限的土地资源,并节省土建开发成本。

基于PLC控制的塔式立体车库毕业设计

基于PLC控制的塔式立体车库毕业设计

本科毕业论文(设计)题目:立体车库的PLC控制系统设计学院:机电工程学院专业:机械工程及自动化班级:机电姓名:指导老师:20年6月5日立体车库的PLC控制系统设计stereo garage of PLC control system design摘要随着汽车工业的发展,以及国家的经济型社会、节约型经济的政策、可持续发展战略等,立体车库以其利用率高,自动化强,灵活性高特点得到了快速发展。

本文将PLC 技术、触摸屏技术、变频器技术应用于塔式立体车库控制系统,并根据系统的控制要求,进行了立体车库控制系统硬件连线,软件编程及组态设计等,实现立体车库存、取车的自动运行,同时也实现了人机界面与变频调速的要求,满足了当下社会发展对车库车位的需求。

关键词立体车库;PLC;人机界面AbstractWith the development of Auto industry and the strategy of the economical society and the sustaining developmental stratagem, stereo garage to its high utilization、automation、flexibility, got rapid development. This paper applied PLC technology, touch screen technology, inverter technology in the control system of stereo garage . According to the requirements of the control system, conducted the work of the stereo garage control system hardware circuit diagram, software design, configuration design etc, not only realized car stocking and car taking automatically, but also realized the man-machine interface and frequency conversion timing requirements at the same time, meet the requirements of current social development of stereo garage.Keywords stereo garage;PLC;HMI目录第1章前言 (1)1.1 课题研究背景 (1)1.2 国内外现状 (1)1.3 立体车库的优点 (2)1.4 立体车库的分类 (2)1.5 毕业设计内容及研究思路 (3)第2章立体车库的结构及运行原理 (4)2.1 车库选型 (4)2.2 立体车库的总体结构 (4)2.2.1 钢结构框架 (5)2.2.2 升降装置 (5)2.2.3 回转升降装置 (5)2.2.4 存取装置 (5)2.2.5 叉梳机构 (6)2.3 控制运行原理 (6)第3章硬件系统选型 (8)3.1 电动机选型 (8)3.2 限位开关选型 (8)3.3 传感器选型 (9)3.4 触摸屏的选择 (9)3.5 变频器的选择 (9)3.6 PLC选型 (10)3.7 系统整体接线图 (12)第4章系统程序及组态设计 (13)4.1 程序设计 (13)4.2 主程序 (13)4.3 存车流程 (15)4.4 取车流程 (20)4.5 变频器子程序 (25)4.6 中断子程序 (26)4.7 组态设计 (27)4.7.1 主画面 (27)4.7.2 车位选择画面 (27)4.7.3 车位显示画面 (28)4.7.4 变量关联 (29)结论 (30)谢辞 (31)参考文献 (32)。

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毕业设计外文文献翻译毕业设计题目多车位轿车立体停车库PLC控制系统设计翻译题目可编程逻辑控制器专业机械设计制造及其自动化姓名XXX班级A0916学号XX指导教师XXX机械与材料工程学院二O一四年四月可编程逻辑控制器1 PLC介绍PLCS(可编程逻辑控制器)是用于各种自动控制系统和过程的可控网络集线器。

他们包含多个输入输出,输入输出是用晶体管和其它电路,模拟开关和继电器来控制设备的。

PLCS用软件接口,标准计算器接口,专门的语言和网络设备编程。

可编程逻辑控制器I/O通道规则包括所有的输入触点和输出触点,扩展能力和最大数量的通道。

触点数量是输入点和输出点的总和。

PLCS可以指定这些值的任何可能的组合。

扩展单元可以被堆栈或互相连接来增加总的控制能力。

最大数量的通道是在一个扩展系统中输入和输出通道的最大总数量。

PLC系统规则包括扫描时间,指令数量,数据存储和程序存储。

扫描时间是PLC需要的用来检测输入输出模块的时间。

指令是用于PLC软件(例如数学运算)的标准操作。

数据存储是存储数据的能力。

程序存储是控制软件的能力。

用于可编程逻辑控制器的输入设备包括DC,AC,中间继电器,热电偶,RTD,频率或脉冲,晶体管和中断信号输入;输出设备包括DC,AC,继电器,中间继电器,频率或脉冲,晶体管,三端双向可控硅开关元件;PLC的编程设备包括控制面板,手柄和计算机。

可编程逻辑控制器用各种软件编程语言来控制。

这些语言包括IEC61131-3,顺序执行表(SFC),动作方块图(FBD),梯形图(LD),结构文本(ST),指令序列(IL),继电器梯形图(RIL),流程图,C语言和Basic语言。

IEC61131-3编程环境能支持五种语言,用国际标准加以规范,分别为SFC,FBD,LD,ST 和IL。

这便允许了多卖主兼容性和多种语言编程。

SFC是一种图表语言,它提供了编程顺序的配合,就能支持顺序选择和并列选择,二者择其一即可。

FBD 用一种大的运行库,以图表形式建立了一些复杂的过程。

标准数学和逻辑运行可以与用户交流和接口运行相结合。

LD是适用于离散控制和互锁逻辑的图表语言。

1它在离散控制上与FBD是完全兼容的。

ST是一种文本语言,用于复杂的数学过程和计算,不太适用于图表语言。

摘自:科学与工程期刊作者:Laurence BodelotIL是与组合编码相似的低级语言。

它用在相对比较简单的逻辑指令。

继电器梯形图或梯形图是适用于可编程逻辑控制器的重要的编程语言。

梯形图编程是设计成继电器逻辑程序的图表表示法。

流程图是一种图表语言,用于在一个控制器或应用软件中描述顺序操作,它用于建立有标准组件的可循环使用的运行库。

C语言是一种高级编程语言,适用于处理最复杂的计算,连续的数据采集任务。

它典型地在PC机上运行调试。

BASIC语言是用于处理数据的连续的数字采集和接口运行的高级语言。

可编程逻辑控制器也规范了许多计算机接口设备,网络规则和特色。

PLC 能源设备和运行环境也是非常重要的。

2 指令对于简单的编程,继电器型PLC是有效的。

随着功能的复杂化,复杂的V onNeaman型PLC就必须被采用。

一个V onNeaman计算机一次只能执行一个指令,他们是这样运行的,尽管许多计算机看上去一次在做许多事情。

正如图1所示的计算机组成。

图 1 简化个人计算机结构图输入是通过键盘和鼠标得到的。

输出被送到屏幕。

磁盘和存储器用于输入和输出存储(注意:这些箭头的方向对于设计者是非常重要的,要注意表明信息是流向哪里的。

)这个图表可以像图2那样能被重新拟订来阐明输入设备和输出设备的作用。

图2 输入输出方向图在这个图表中数据通过输入设备进入左边。

(注意:大多数设计图表都是左边输入,右边输出的。

)在进入CPU之前,它穿过缓冲电路。

CPU通过其他回路输出数据。

存储器和磁盘用语存储要输出的数据。

如果我们把个人计算机看作一个控制器,它通过在屏幕上输出激励和输入来自鼠标和键盘的响应来控制用户。

PLC也是一个控制过程的计算机。

当与应用程序完全结合起来时,类似之处变成:输入设备—键盘与接近开关相类比。

输入电路—连续输入芯片就像一个直流24V的输入卡。

计算机—686CPU就像一个PLC的CPU模块。

输出电路—图形卡就像一个三相开关输出卡。

输出设备—监控器就像指示灯。

存储器—PLC的存储器与个人计算机的存储器相似。

用普通个人计算机可以运行PLC,虽然则并不被提倡做。

就PLC来说,输入和输出设备设计得更加可靠,更加粗糙,更适合恶劣的制造环境。

3 运行顺序所有的PLC系统有每秒钟重复多次的四种基本运行阶段。

最初被第一次接通时,它会检测它的硬件和软件是否有错误。

如果没有错误,它会把所有输入和输入值复制到存储器,这叫输入扫描。

只用复制了输入值的存储器,梯形逻辑图将被解决一个,这叫逻辑扫描。

在解决梯形图期间,输出值只在临时存储器中被改变。

当梯形图扫描完成后,输出将用存储器中临时值修正,这叫做输出扫描。

PLC此时将从自我检测开始重新启动这个过程,这个过程很明显地每秒钟重复10到100次,正如图3所示图3 PLC扫描循环自我检测—检测是否所有的卡没有错误,把时间继电器复零等。

(如果在很小一段时间内没有复零,时间继电器会引起错误,关闭PLC系统。

—这会表明梯形图没有被正常扫描。

)输入扫描—从芯片上的输入卡读取输入值,并把输入值复制到存储器,这能使PLC更快速地运行,并且避免从程序开始到结束输入变化。

(例如:意外停止)有一些特殊的PLC功能,能直接读取输入值,避免了输入表格。

逻辑处理/扫描—基于存储器的输入表格,程序被一次执行一步,同时输出值也被修正,这是其它节的集中。

输出扫描—输出表格从存储器复制到输出芯片,这些芯片然后驱动输出仪器。

输入输出扫描经常会令初学者感到迷惑,但是他们是很重要的。

输入扫描是输入值的快照,并且解决逻辑关系。

在一个梯形图扫描期间,如果一个输入在梯形图的多个地方被用到,它就会起变化,潜在问题就可能发生,而输入扫描却避免了这些问题。

这个边境效应是如果在一段持续时间内如果一个输入变化太短,它可能在输入扫描之间会减少或者丢失。

当PLC最初被启动时,通常的输出会被关闭,这不会影响输入值。

3.1 输入输出扫描当输入值被扫描到PLC时,自然输入值被复制到存储器。

当输出值被扫描到PLC时,他们将从存储器复制到自然输出设备。

当梯形图被扫描时,它将用存储器中的值,并不是实际的输入输出值。

这样做的主要原因是如果一个程序在多个地方用一个输入值,那么输入值的变化将使其逻辑关系无效。

而且,如果随着每块的变化,输出模块也变化,在扫描结束时PLC的运行速度将大大减慢。

3.2 逻辑扫描梯形逻辑程序图是模仿继电器逻辑图的。

在继电器逻辑图中,程序的每个元件将尽可能快地开关。

但是在一个程序中,元件只能按固定的顺序一次检测一个。

如图4所示,梯形图将按从左到右,从上到下的顺序被解释。

在图中,梯形逻辑扫描将从最高层开始。

在底层,它将先解释高层输出,然后输出它下面的分支。

在第二层,沿着梯形逻辑图移动之前,将先解释分支。

图4 梯形图逻辑执行顺序解决梯形逻辑程序时,逻辑扫描顺序会变得非常重要。

梯形图输出作为输入,考虑输出应用时,它也变得非常重要。

如图5所示,梯形图第一行将检测输入并把输出X置1,得到相同的值。

第二行将检测输入B并把输出X置1,得到相反的值。

因此,直到梯形图的第二行被扫描时X值才能与A相等。

在逻辑扫描期间,输出值只能在存储器中被改变,只有当梯形逻辑扫描完成时,实际的输出才能被修正。

因此,在第二行的基础上,输出扫描将修正实际输出值。

并且梯形图的第一行将无效。

图5 错误重复输出4 PLC状态显示在一个PLC中,缺少键盘和其他的输入输出设备是非常值得注意的。

在PLC 前端通常有一定数量的状态指示灯。

通常指示灯表明:电源启动—只要PLC带电,它将被启动。

程序运行—这将指示是否程序正在运行或是否没有程序正在运行。

错误显示—当PLC有大的硬件或软件错误时,这将有显示。

这些灯通常用于调试。

一定数量的按钮也将提供给PLC的硬件。

最普通的按钮是一个运行/编程选择开关,当在保持状态时,它将被调到编程;当在生产状态时,它将被调到运行。

一个PLC系统几乎没有一个启动关闭开关或复位开关在前面。

这需要被设计到系统剩余部分。

PLC的状态也能被梯形逻辑图检测。

检测程序是否第一次被执行是非常普遍的。

如图6所示。

‗first scan‘输入在梯形图被第一次扫描时,将是对的,而在其余的每次扫描时是错误的。

这种情况下,PLC—5的‗first scan‘的地址是‗S2:1/14‘。

根据例子中的逻辑关系,第一次扫描将封上‗light‘,直到‗clear‘被启动。

因此灯将在PLC被启动之后变亮,但在‗clear‘被启动之后,它将关闭并且保持在关闭状态。

‗first scan ‘模块在‗first pass‘模块中被提到。

图6 核验PLC第一次扫描的程序5 存储器类型有几种基本的现在经常使用的计算机存储器类型:RAM(随机存储器)—这种存储器速度很快,但是当没电时,它的内容将被丢失。

这是一种不稳定存储器,每个PLC在运行时,都用这种存储器作为中央处理器。

ROM(只读存储器)—这种存储器是永久性的不可擦除的。

它通常用于存放PLC的操作系统。

EPROM(可擦除可编程只读存储器)—这是一种像ROM一样可编程的存储器,但是它能用紫外线光擦除并且可以重新编程。

EEPROM(电可擦除可编程只读存储器)—这种存储器能像ROM一样存放程序。

它能被编程并且用电压擦除,因此它正变得比EPROM更加普遍。

所有的PLC系统都用RAM做CPU,用ROM存储PLC的基本操作系统。

当有电时,RAM的内容被保存,但是问题在于当供给存储器的电源失去时会发生什么。

原先PLC卖主用带有电池的RAM,这样如果不失电,存储器的内容就不会丢失。

这种方法现在仍被使用,但变得不那么受欢迎。

EPROMS也是PLC 编程的比较好的选择。

EPROM在PLC外部编程,然后被放入PLC。

当PLC被启动时,在EPROM上的梯形逻辑程序被下载PLC并且运行。

这种方法非常可靠,但是擦除和编程技术都是很消耗时间的。

EEPROM存储器是PLC的永久部分,程序能EPROM一样被存放在他们中。

存储器的价钱一直在下降,新类型正变得可被利用,这些变化将继续对PLC系统发生影响。

6 检验和优化一个PLC控制时间表混合的系统是快速地成长的重要一个研究领域。

在系统中出现不连续的和连续的现象,激发了我们对特殊系统技术挑战和对我们能力的分析。

这导致新的表达的模型发展,例如,计时的混合自动机械装置和新的方法,最特别地做模型检查技术包括即时方面。

混合(嵌入的)系统的一个重要的例子是处理控制计划,包括处理系统的数传控制,举例来说,化学药品厂的控制系统是相当的重要的典型应用的程序控制器系统。

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