汽车专业英语翻译综合

第一章汽车总论

1)Today’s average car contains more than15,000separate,individual parts that must work

together.These parts can be grouped into four major categories:body,engine,chassis and electrical equipment。P1

现在的车辆一般都由15000多个分散、独立且相互配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分为四类：车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。

2)The engine acts as the power unit.The internal combustion engine is most common:this

obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder.There are two types of engine:gasoline(also called a spark-ignition engine)and diesel(also called a compression-ignition engine).Both engines are called heat engines;the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the power train.P3

发动机作为动力设备，常见的类型是内燃机，其原理是通过发动机缸内的液体燃料燃烧而产生能量。发动机可分为两类：汽油机（点燃式）和柴油机（压燃式），都属于热力发动机。燃料燃烧产生热量使缸内气压上升，产生的能量驱动轴旋转，并传递给动力传动系。第二章内燃机

1)Power train system:conveys the drive to the wheels

2)Steering system:controls the direction of movement

3)Suspension system:absorbs the road shocks

4)Braking system:slows down the vehicle P4

传动系把发动机输出的扭矩传递给驱动轮。传动系包括离合器（对应机械变速器）或液力变矩器（对应液力自动变速器）、变速器、驱动轴、主减速器、差速器和驱动桥。

5)Drum brakes have a drum attached to the wheel hub,and braking occurs by means of brake

shoes expanding against the inside of the drum.With disc brakes,a disc attached to the wheel hub is clenched between two brake pads.P6

鼓式制动器的制动鼓和轮毂连接，制动蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。在盘式制动器上，连着轮毂的制动盘被紧紧夹在两个制动块之间。

1)Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft

through half a turn.The power stroke"uses up"the gas,so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture:this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves;An inlet valve allows the mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job.P10活塞通过连杆和曲轴连接，使得气体带动曲轴旋转半圈。作功冲程耗尽了所有的气体，这样就必须采取相应的措施排出废气并且向气缸内充入新的可燃混合气：气体的运动由气门来控制。进气门使可燃混合气在恰当的时刻进入气缸，排气门使燃烧后的废气排出气缸。

2)The spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustion engine with externally supplied in

ignition,which converts the energy cntained in the fuel to kinetic energy.The cycle of operations is spread over four piston strokes.To complete the full cycle it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft.P11

火花点火式发动机是由外部提供点火的内燃机，从而将含在燃料内的能量转化成动能。发动机的一个工作循环分布在活塞的四个行程中，一个完整的工作循环曲轴需要转动两圈。

3)The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working

parts in the engine.The oil drains off and runs down into the pan.Thus,there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine.P15