虚拟语气教学设计(20200623161205)
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虚拟语气教学设计及反思
①教材分析:
虚拟语气是英语学习的重点以及难点内容,掌握虚拟语气与客观事实相反的三种情况,
即与过去,现在和将来相反的三种情况下,从句和主句动词的合适使用。虚拟语气的内容多,学生容易混淆,处理难度大。因而课本也用了较多内容进行讲解。本节选择了虚拟语气的两种句式if条件从句与wish宾语从句进行讲解。
②学生分析:
就学生而言,虚拟语气是他们学习英语的过程中的一个难点。如何使用虚拟语气,什么时候用虚拟语气,怎么区分虚拟语气还是有一定难度的。所以通过讲解和练习由易而难,循序渐进,逐步掌握其规律和特点,对学生是非常有益的。
③教学目标:
中。
2.通过语法练习和语言实践练习,让学生构建一个完整的语法知识体系以便能够灵活所
学到的知识,做到举一反三。
④教学重点:
了解和掌握虚拟语气语法项目和基本原则
⑤教学难点:
能运用虚拟语气去完成试题练习并能运用到情景对话当中
⑥教学内容
1.概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
2.应用条件
在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法,而不是根据客观实际,就用虚拟语气。
用法及动词形式
类型条件句主句
与现在事实相反
If+主语+did
(be动词were)
主语+should/would/
could/might+do
与过去事实相反If+主语+had done 主语+should/would/
could/might+have done
与将来事实相反
1.If+主语+did
2.If+主语+were to
3.If+主语+should
主语+should/would/
could/might+do
例:1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.
3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.
3. 虚拟条件句的特殊情况
(1). 混合/错综型虚拟语气
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,称为‘错综条件句’,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去,主句是现在)
If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在,主句是过去)
(2)省略if的虚拟语气
如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时,则可以把这三个词置于句首,省略if.采用倒装语序。
If it should happen, what would you do? →Should it happen, what would you do?
If he had recognized me, he would have come over. →Had he recognized me, he would have come over.
(3) 含蓄虚拟条件句
有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来,而是通过一个介词短语,连词或
其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有:without, with, but for(要是没有), otherwise, or, but等。Without your help(=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.
But for electricity(=If there were no electricity, there would be no modern industry.
He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he would have attended the party.
(4) 在if it were( had been )not for ….句型中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气也常用于‘if it were/(had been) not for ….’句型中,意为‘要不是由于…’。
If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today.
If it had not been for your timely help, I would have gone bankrupt.
4. wish 后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为要是,但愿…就好了),其形式主要有三种:
表示对现在情况的虚拟:wish后接一般过去时的从句
表示对过去情况的虚拟:wish后接过去完成时/should,could have done
表示对将来情况的虚拟:wish后接would,could+动词原形
I wish it were spring all year round.
I wish it would be fine tomorrow.
She wished she had stayed at home.
课前准备
①教学方法:
1.介绍虚拟语气的概念
2.运用幻灯片对学生进行关于虚拟语气知识的讲解
3.进行一些习题训练
4.与学生讨论虚拟语气的知识
5.与学生进行情景对话
6.对本节知识进行回顾