美国文化(含答案)
美国文化概括习题及答案
1.What was the main reason European countries like Britain and France wanted to colonize America?Britain needed to raise money to pay for its European wars, and used the colonies to do this.2.Why did the Puritans go to America?In order to escape problems and persecution for their faith3.What is Manifest Destiny?Manifest Manifest Destiny is the historical belief that the United States was destined and chosen by the Christian God to spread across the North American continent, from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific Ocean.4.Why did the Puritans not want people to read or write imaginative literature?Imaginative writing was discouraged by the Puritans because they believed it distracted you from religion.5.Describe what Hawkeye was like.he is a kind of outsider, living outside of normal society but coming to the rescue of people in trouble, or righting wrongs. He has been described as “a saint with a gun”6.What was the date of the Declaration of Independence?independence was declared on July 4, 17767.What were the main reasons the American colonists were unhappy with the way Britain was treating them?Disagreements over taxation, restrictions on where you could live or move to, and finally having to have British soldiers live in your town and sometimes even in your home brought relations between the colonists and Britain to a very low point.8.What are the “self-evident truths” mentioned in the Declaration of Independence?that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.9.What were the three conditions a person had to meet to be a citizen in the new United States?1)To be a citizen, the person must be free, and not a slave2)They must be white.3)They had to be a man10.Why were Native Americans and people from Africa not allowed to be American citizens?The Native Americans and people of African background were seen as intellectually inferior and politically immature.11.What was the Frontier?The Frontier was the term used to describe the unexplored area of land beyond the region where Europeans had settled down to live.12.How did the Homestead Act advance the idea of American democracy and the power of the common man?The Homestead Act of 1862 gave ordinary people ,the right to own up to 160 acres of farming land.13.How did the Americans solve the problem of moving into lands owned by Native Americans?By forcing them to leave their homes, the white people were actually destroying Native American culture and ripping the heart out of their lives.14.What did Europeans think were the main characteristics of Americans at the beginning of the 19th century?1)questioning of old and traditional beliefs2) a distaste for what is ancient and a love of “the new”3)the idea that men are all very much alike15.Ralph Waldo Emerson called on American writers to do what? And who was the poet who answered his call?Calling for the creation of an American literature rather than always copying other cultures, In "The Poet“ who would write a new poetry that was truly American. His call was answered by Walt Whitman.16.Slavery existed only in the southern states of the USA. Why was it so important there?The Plantation Economy in the Southern States was based on agricultural mass production by African slave labor on large farms (called plantations) and by the mid-19th century it was making lots of money.17.In the northern states many people were strongly against slavery in the south. How did they show their opposition to slavery?by producing newspapers and magazines, speeches, and stories of what a slave’s life was like.18.Why did the southern states secede from the Union after the election of Lincoln as President?The main reasons were slavery, and the question of where the political and economic power of the country lay: with the North or the South.19.In what ways was the American Civil War the first “modern “ war?1)for the first time, hugely destructive military technology was used by massed armies on bothsides, so the loss of life was staggeringly high within days, even hours2)the Civil War was the first photographed war due to the techniques invented by battlefieldphotographers . People could see photographs of the horrors of the war in their newspapers.20.What characteristics did life on the frontier give to the Americans?strength, curiosity, invention, energy, and individualism - these were characteristics that the frontier gave to people21.How did the idea of Manifest Destiny spread outside of America?Overseas frontiers, beyond the Pacific coast, gave the nation a way of continuing and expanding the idea of Manifest Destiny.22.What were the main features of The Gilded Age?The Gilded Age catches the era’s character: the internal tensions caused by abundance, stability and optimism on the one hand, and poverty, panic and disappointment, on the other.23.What was lynching?Public murder by a mob - lynching24.How did Realist writing hold up a mirror to American life?A faithful representation of reality in literature, with no romantic heroes or fantastic situations. The emphasis was on truth, and believable characters.。
美国社会与文化复习题答案
美国社会与文化复习题答案美国社会与文化复习题答案美国社会与文化是一个广阔而复杂的话题，涉及到历史、地理、民族、宗教、教育、艺术、娱乐等多个方面。
在这篇文章中，我们将回顾一些关键的问题和答案，以帮助读者更好地理解美国社会与文化。
1. 美国的宪法是什么？它对美国社会起到了什么作用？美国宪法是美国的最高法律文件，于1787年制定并于1789年生效。
它确立了美国的政治结构和权力分配，规定了公民的权利和自由。
宪法赋予了美国政府的权力，并保护了个人的权利。
它对美国社会起到了稳定和规范的作用，确保了公民的基本权利和自由。
2. 美国的种族和民族多样性是如何形成的？美国的种族和民族多样性是由于历史上的移民潮和奴隶制度的存在。
自殖民时期以来，美国吸引了来自世界各地的移民，包括欧洲、非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲。
这些移民带来了不同的文化和传统，形成了今天美国多元化的社会。
3. 美国的宗教信仰情况如何？美国是一个宗教自由的国家，宪法保护公民的宗教信仰自由。
美国有各种各样的宗教信仰，包括基督教、犹太教、伊斯兰教、佛教、印度教等。
宗教在美国社会中扮演着重要的角色，对人们的价值观和行为产生影响。
4. 美国的教育体系是怎样的？美国的教育体系是分级的，包括幼儿教育、小学、中学、高中和大学。
教育在美国被认为是一个重要的价值和机会，每个州都有义务提供基本的教育。
大学教育在美国非常重要，许多人认为高等教育是获得成功的关键。
5. 美国的娱乐文化对世界产生了什么影响？美国的娱乐文化对世界产生了巨大的影响。
美国的电影、音乐、电视节目和体育赛事在全球范围内广受欢迎。
好莱坞电影产业是全球最大的电影产业之一，美国音乐家和艺术家也享有很高的声誉。
美国的娱乐文化塑造了全球流行文化的一部分，促进了国际间的文化交流。
6. 美国的社会问题有哪些？美国面临着一系列社会问题，其中一些是长期存在的，一些是新兴的。
例如，种族不平等、贫富差距、犯罪问题、毒品滥用、性别不平等、枪支暴力等。
美国文化_四川大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年
美国文化_四川大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.美国文化的三大来源，除了哪一个？答案:犬儒主义2.下列哪一项不是美国人民的基本价值观？答案:回归自然3.美国人所惯用的判断模式不包括答案:思维判断4.下列哪一项不能体现美国人的平等观念？答案:社会阶级性5.英国史学家保罗. 约翰逊坚持说：美国过去、现在以及将来始终都是一个答案:宗教国家6.下列哪项不是早期“美国梦”的内涵答案:建立一个高度物质生活发达的社会7.在美国文化里，以下说法错误的是？答案:黄色象征色情8.下列哪一项不是印第安人创造的文明？答案:米洛斯文明9.公认的美国文化的象征是答案:自由女神像10.美国参议员玛格丽特· C·史密斯发表了著名的《良心宣言》，重申并再次强调了美国精神的基本原则，其中包括答案:独立思考的权利不随大众信仰的权利抗议的权利批评的权利11.下列哪些词可以用来概括美国文化的特征答案:多样性进取性包容性12.美国的地理特征可描述为：两边高中间低，四面环水，一条大河贯穿中部。
答案:正确13.美洲印第安人的祖先来自大洋洲。
答案:错误14.美国人更愿意从经济收入的角度来划分社会阶层，如高收入阶层、中高收入阶层、中等收入阶层、低收入阶层、贫困线阶层等。
答案:正确15.美国式思维的特征可以概括为分析性的、逻辑性的、具有因果关系的线性思维。
答案:正确16.政治自由是经济独立的前提基础。
答案:错误17.美国人的平等观与实用观也反映在简洁和随意的美式英语中，这使它在发音、词汇、拼写、语法和习惯用法等方面与英式英语区分开来。
答案:正确18.独立、自由、平等和尊重是美国家庭成员的追求。
答案:正确19.对于斯诺登的泄密行为，在美国国内是毁誉参半。
有人认为他是叛国者，更多的人认为他是一个英勇的举报人；前者一般为人民大众和社会舆论，后者多半是统治阶层，持中间或温和立场的人为数不多。
答案:错误20.美国人对公众人物尤其是政治明星的要求较为宽容。
美国文化试题(基础题)
Culture Knowledge Contest（American Culture）August 31, 2014Part I Single-Choice QuestionsDirections: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.1. The strong American belief in individualism can be divided into idealism and ____________.[A ] realism [B] protestantism[C] materialism [D] volunteerism3. “Priesthood of all believers” means ____________.[A] every priest must be a devoted believer[B] every believer should confess to God through the priest[C] every believer is his or her own priest[D] every priest should be responsible for the believers4. Which of the following statements about American education is TRUE?[A] The majority of the private schools are associated with particular churches.[B] Religious schools that serve middle-class students receive money from the national government.[C] After twelve years of school, American students receive a bachelor’s degree diploma at graduation.[D] American schools attach the greatest importance to developing students’ academic skills.5. Which of the following statements about American Frontier isTRUE?[A] The frontier experience began in about 1890 and is still continuing in the American West today.[B] There are two types of heroic rugged individualists: man against wilderness and man against man.[C] The settling of the frontier did little to affect the lives of the American Indians.[D] The can-do spirit came from the willingness of the pioneers to work together on a cooperative project for the good of all.6. Most American people strongly believe in individual freedom, and therefore they do NOT like ____________.[A] being self-reliant [B] making a lot of money[C] a big government[D] religious freedom7. The American saying “Say what you mean and mean what you say”reflects that American people value ____________.[A] competition [B] optimism[C] performances [D] assertiveness8. American culture is also a culture of its own and above everything else ____________ is most important.[A] diversity [B] individuality[C] nationality [D] unity9. One of the most important values associated with American Protestantism is the value of ____________.[A] self-improvement [B] equality of opportunity[C] optimism [D] rugged individualism11. The strong American belief in individualism has strengthened American’s ____________ and hard work.[A] inventiveness [B] promptness[C] frankness [D] assertiveness12. In the U.S., the president can ____________ a bill from Congress, but the bill can still become law if at least ____________ of the members in each house vote for it when it is voted on again.[A] void, 1/3 [B] void, 2/3 [C] veto, 1/3 [D] veto, 2/313. Scholars who see the United States as a “salad bowl” emphasize ____________.[A] the great extent of racial and ethnic assimilation[B] the distinct differences between racial and ethnic groups[C] the rapid growth of population[D] the great diversity in religious beliefs14. In American society, the “boomerang kids” refers to ____________.[A] the children living with the single parent[B] the children born in 1950s[C] the children returning home after graduation from college[D] the children living separately from their parents16. The presidential election in the United States is held every ____________ years.[A] 2 [B] 4[C] 6 [D] 817. ____________ was American’s first president.[A] George Washington[B] Thomas Jefferson[C] James Madison [D] Andrew Jackson18. The Cold War was the continuing state of conflict, tension and competition that existed after World War II. On the one side were the ____________ and its satellites, and on the other were the powers of the Western world under the leadership of the United States.[A] Germany [B] Cuba[C] the Soviet Union [D] Britain19. Child education in the United States is compulsory. The ages for compulsory education vary by state beginning at ages ____________ and ending at the ages of fourteen to eighteen.[A] four to five [B] five to six[C] six to eight [D] five to eight20. According to the US Constitution, Congress’s essential function is to ____________.[A] declare laws [B] pass laws[C] make laws[D] execute laws21. The Senate is the upper chamber of Congress. It consists of 100 members, with ____________ senators elected from each state, regardless of the size of the state’s population..[A] one [B] two[C] three [D] four22. The history of the English language is divided into three periods. The period from 1150 to 1500 is known as the ____________.[A] Old English period [B] Anglo-Saxon period[C] Middle English period[D] Modern English period23. The first permanent English settlement in North America was ____________.[A] Philadelphia [B] Plymouth[C] Jamestown [D] Boston24. ____________ is the symbol of the American Democratic Party.[A] The donkey [B] The bull[C] The bald eagle [D] The elephant25. Who is the only American president to have served more thantwo terms?[A] Bill Clinton [B] George Washington[C] Franklin D. Roosevelt[D] Abraham Lincoln27. ____________ are the two major political parties in the United States.[A] The Labor Party and the Independence Party[B] The Independence Party and the Republican Party[C] The Republican Party and the Labor Party[D] The Democratic Party and the Republican Party28. The upper chamber of the American Congress is called ____________.[A] the House of Commons [B] the Parliament[C] the House of Representatives [D] the Senate31. ____________ a popular tourist destination in Hollywood. It comprises more than 2,500 five-pointed stars which bear the names of a mix of actors, musicians, directors, producers, musical and theatrical groups, fictional characters, and others.[A] Hollywood Walk of Fame [B] Hollywood Boulevard[C] Universal Studios [D] Disneyland32. “A man is not made for defeat … A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” From which novel is this passage taken?[A] In Our Time [B] A Farewell to Arms[C] The Old Man and the Sea[D] For Whom the Bell Tolls33. The national anthem of the United States is ____________.[A] The Battle Hymn of the Republic[B] God Save the Queen[C]The Star-Spangled Banner[D] American Soldier34. ____________ was a singer, songwriter, actor, dancer, businessman, and philanthropist. He was called the King of Pop. He popularized a number of complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk.[A] Michael Joseph Jackson [B] Bob Dylan[C] Beetles [D] Elvis Presley35. ____________ is a street in Manhattan, New York. There are a lot of theatres at both sides of the street and it has become a synonym of musicals.[A] the 5th Avenue [B] Avenue de New-York[C] Park Avenue. [D] Broadway36. ____________ is often regarded as the greatest American woman poet and she wrote over 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time. [A] Anne Bradstreet [B] Robert Frost[C] Emily Bronte [D] Emily Dickinson40. ____________ is an American syndicated talk show that aired nationally for 25 seasons from 1986 to 2011 and remains the highest-rated talk show in American television history.[A] Daily Show [B] Oprah Winfrey Show[C] Talent Show [D] Ellen Show41. In America, ____________ are given to recognize outstanding work in the television industry.[A] Grammy Awards [B] Tony Awards[C] Academy Awards [D] Emmy Awards42. ____________, located in New York City, is the largest art museum in the United States and one of the ten largest in the world.[A] The Metropolitan Museum of Art[B] National Museum of American Art[C] Hirshhorn Museum[D] National Museum of Air and Space45. ____________ is a film about a German businessman who saved the lives of more than a thousand mostly Polish-Jewish refugees during the Holocaust by employing them in his factories.[A] The Pianist [B] Schindler's List[C] Sophie’s Choice [D] Pearl Harbor46. When is Halloween celebrated every year?[A] On October 31 [B] On February 14[C] On May 30 [D] On November 1147. American Independence Day falls on ____________.[A] May 30 [B] October 31[C] March 20 [D] July 448. Thanksgiving Day is originated in ____________.[A] England [B] America [C] Scotland [D] Canada49. April Fool's Day began in ____________.[A] America [B] Germany [C] France [D] Italy50. When first introduced to someone, one should address and be addressed as Miss, Ms., Mrs. or Mr. followed by the ____________. [A] first name [B] surname[C] nick name [D] middle name51. Among the five Great Lakes, only ____________ is wholly within the United States.[A] Erie [B] Superior [C] Michigan [D] Huron52. If you are invited to a business lunch, ask ____________ what he or she recommends before placing your order, so that you will have an idea as to an appropriate price range for your meal.[A] the restaurant owner [B] the waiter[C] the chef [D] the host53. How many dimes is a US dollar?[A] 10 [B] 5 [C] 25 [D] 454. How many cents is a US quarter?[A] 10 [B] 5 [C] 25 [D] 455. Marriage in America is considered ____________.[A] more important to the parents [B] a pure religious affair[C] rather burdensome [D] a pure individual matter56. When was Coca-Cola first created?[A] In 1765 [B] In 1885 [C] In 1925 [D] In 199557. The KFC (chain restaurants from the United States) is the abbreviation of which of the following?[A] Kentucky Fried Cake[B] Kentucky Fried Chicken[C] Kentucky Frying Cake[D] Kentucky Frying Chicken58. Which number is unlucky in Western culture?[A] 7 [B] 8 [C] 13 [D] 1460. Handshaking is a popular tradition among professionals in America. Handshaking should be ____________ and last between 3-5 seconds.[A] extended [B] interrupted[C] light [D] firm61. There are ____________ states in the United States of America.[A] 46 [B] 48 [C] 50[D] 5262.____________ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.[A] Florida [B] Louisiana [C] Alaska[D] California63. ____________ is known as the nation's "breadbasket" because of its abundant production of oats, wheat, and corn.[A] The North [B] The South[C] The Midwest [D] The Mideast64. ____________ is the coldest and deepest of the five Great Lakes.[A] Superior[B] Huron[C] Michigan [D] Ontario65. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the ____________ river.[A] Delaware [B] St. Laurence[C] Hudson [D] Potomac66. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount ____________.[A] Appalachian [B] Mekinley[C] Rocky [D] Great Smoky67. The 1970s and early 1980s saw the onset of stagflation. After his election in 1980, President ____________ responded to economic stagnation with free-market oriented reforms.[A] Jimmy Carter [B] Ronald Reagan[C] George Bush [D] Bill Clinton68. Seattle, a household name in many movies such as Sleepless in Seattle or Finding Mr. Right (北京遇上西雅图), is a coastal seaport city in the state of ____________.[A] California [B] Massachusetts[C] Washington [D] New York70. ____________ has developed a big steel-making industry and is the largest producer of iron and steel in the United States.[A] Chicago [B] Detroit[C] Pittsburgh [D] New Orleans71. ____________, bordering on Lake Erie, is a famous automobile town. It is the home of American gods: Ford, General Motors and Chrysler.[A] Chicago [B] Detroit[C] Pittsburgh [D] New Orleans72. ____________ was the first company to introduce assembly lines for mass production of cars.[A] General Motors [B] American Motors Corporation[C] Chrysler [D] Ford74. "Steve" Jobs (February 24, 1955 –October 5, 2011) is the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc., an American multinational corporation headquartered in the world-famous Silicon Valley in ____________.[A] California[B] Texas[C] Arizona [D] Florida75. Bill Gates, who formally dropped out of Harvard in his junior year, is the former chief executive and chairman of Microsoft Corporation, an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, ____________.[A] Colorado [B] Ohio[C] Washington[D] Virginia78. The Grand Canyon, a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of ____________, is known for its visually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape. [A] New Mexico [B] Wisconsin[C] Louisiana [D] Arizona79. As a prominent American landmark, the Golden Gate Bridge has been one of the most internationally recognized symbols of ____________. It has been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers.[A] Los Angeles [B] San Francisco[C] Washington D.C. [D] New York80. Already a huge tourist attraction and favorite spot for honeymooners, ____________ is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between Canada and the United States; more specifically, between the province of Ontario andthe state of New York.[A] Iguasu Falls [B] Victoria Falls[C] Angel Falls [D] Niagara Falls81. ____________, widely held to be the first national park in the world, is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful Geyser, one of the most popular features in the park. [A] Yellowstone [B] Great Smoky Mountains[C] Grand Canyon [D] Yosemite82. In late ____________, the NBA Playoffs (季后赛) begin..[A] May [B] April[C] March [D] June83. Broadcast on live TV to a world-wide audience, Armstrong stepped out of ____________ 11onto the lunar surface and described the event as "one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."[A] Challenger [B] Columbia [C] Apollo[D] Discovery84. ____________ is the United States government agency that is responsible for the civilian space program as well as for aeronautics and aerospace research.[A] CIA [B] NACA [C] NASA[D] NSA85. All of the following festivals are of some religious nature except ____________.[A] Easter [B] Thanksgiving[C] Halloween [D] Memorial Day87. ____________ is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time. He has been one of the highest-paid athletes in the world for several years.[A] "Tiger" Woods[B] Venus Williams[C] Michael Phelps [D] Jeremy Lin88. The US Open is a hardcourt ____________ tournament which is held annually in late August and early September over a two-week period.[A] golf [B] ice hockey[C] tennis [D] cricket90. The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in ____________.[A] San Francisco [B] Washington D.C.[C] Los Angels [D] New York CityPart II Multiple-Choice QuestionsDirections: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] are given. Choose the ones that you think best complete the statement or answer the question.1. The U.S. President can decide ____________.[A] what foreign policies to make[B] who become the judges of the federal courts[C] whether the law is unconstitutional[D] who should be included in the cabinet2. The John Harvard statue is actually nicknamed the “statue of three lies” because of all the inaccuracies inscribed on it. They are____________.[A] That isn’t John Harvard.[B] John Harvard wasn’t the founder of Harvard University.[C] Harvard wasn’t founded in 1638.[D] Harvard was originally called the New College. And its mission was to train clergy.3. Which of the following presidents had been impeached when they were in office?[A] Richard Nixon[B] Bill Clinton[C] Andrew Johnson. [D] Jimmy Carter4. Which two universities worked together to create a new non-profit venture---EDX?[A] Yale University [B] Stanford University [C] Massachusetts Institute of Technology[D] Harvard University6. English as a language borrowed a lot of words from the following languages: ____________.[A] Latin [B] Greek [C] French [D] German7. Which of the following English words came from Chinese?[A] zebra [B] Tai Chi [C] ketchup [D] mahjong8. Which of the following are the descriptions of Uncle Sam?[A] He has long white hair and a beard.[B] He wears a waistcoat and striped trousers.[C] He wears tall hat with a star.[D] He used to be an inspector of army supplies.10. We have different ways of saying “cheap”. Which of the following phrases are right?[A] On sale [B] A good deal [C] A bargain [D] A steal12. The United States has one of the largest diplomatic presences of any nation. Only a few countries don’t have formal diplomatic relations with the United States. They include ____________.[A] Laos [B] Vietnam [C] North Korea[D] Cuba13. In most public schools and private schools in the United States, education is divided into three levels: ____________.[A] elementary school, [B] middle school[C] higher school [D] high school15. The possible reasons why many American parents would choose to homeschool their children are ____________.[A] they wish to add religious instruction[B] they feel they can more effectively tailor a curriculum to suit an individual student’s academic strengths and weaknesses[C] they can’t afford a school[D] they feel that the negative social pressures of schools are harmful to a child’s proper development16. Which of the following higher institutions are members of the Ivy League?[A] Yale University.[B] Columbia University[C] Harvard University[D] Princeton University17. Of the following words, which ones belong to British English?[A] lift[B] truck[C] elevator [D] lorry18. British English and American English are two major geographical varieties of English spoken respectively in Great Britain and the United States. Their distinctions can be seen in the following aspects ____________.[A] pronunicaiton [B] spelling[C] grammar [D] vocabulary19. Suspicious of any power concentration, the framers of the American Constitution distributed power among the three branches of the federal government. The three branches are ____________. [A] Congress[B] the executive branch[C] the judicial branch[D] the supreme court20. The major powers of the American Congress include ____________.[A] levying federal taxes[B] regulating commerce with foreign states and among states[C] declaring wars[D] deciding what government programs will receive funds21. Which of the following movies have won the Oscars?[A]Million Dollar Baby[B] Avatar[C] Schindler's List[D]Titanic22. The Sound of Music is a 1965 American musical film and it contains several popular songs including ____________.[A] "Edelweiss" [B] "My Favorite Things"[C] "Do-Re-Mi" [D] "The Sound of Music"23. Which of the following works are written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the best-known American authors of the 20th century? [A] The Sun Also Rises [B] The Old Man and the Sea [C] A Farewell to Arms[D] The Sound and The Fury24. Presley(猫王) is one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century. He left us many melodious songs such as ____________.[A] Love Me Tender[B] Always on My Mind[C] Only You[D] Heartbreak Hotel25. American actor and comedian Robin Williams died of an apparent suicide by hanging at his home in 2014. He starred in a number of fine films including ____________.[A] Dead Poets Society[B] Chicago[C] The Terminal[D]Good Will Hunting (心灵捕手)26. Faulkner is one of the most important writers in American literature generally and Southern literature specifically. His works are ____________.[A] Light in August[B] Absalom, Absalom [C] The Great Gatsby[D] The Sound and the Fury28. There are many museums in Washington D.C., such as ____________.[A] National Air and Space Museum[B] National Gallery of Art[C]National Museum of Natural History[D] Metropolitan Museum of Art30. ____________ are Hollywood animation films.[A] Frozen[B] Dances with Wolves[C]Finding Nemo[D] The Terminal31. The most traditional food of Thanksgiving Day dinner is ____________.[A] roast turkey [B] short cake[C] pumpkin pie [D] fried chicken33. Which of the following are rules of dinning etiquette?[A] turning off cell phones [B] sitting up straight[C] putting elbows on the table [D] taking small bites34. To rent a car in the United States, you need to ____________.[A] be over 25 [B] have a driver’s license[C] provide a credit card [D] book online36. Which of the following items are not permitted in carry-on and checked luggage when you travel by air in the United States?[A] Torch lighters [B] Sporting equipment[C] Laptops [D] Spray paint37. The dress code for professionals in the United States is a suit and tie for men and a suit and dress for women. Traditional colors are preferred, such as ____________.[A] pink [B] navy [C] gray [D] black38. Two rules for personal topics when meeting with Americanprofessionals are ____________. This avoids any uncomfortable situations during a discussion.[A] no sports [B] no politics[C] no religion [D] no weather39. Many American professionals schedule meetings around a meal. ____________ are the most popular meal times during a meeting.[A] Breakfast[B] Brunch [C] Lunch [D] Dinner40. In America, there are certain ways to practice proper etiquette during a conversation that will help ensure that you enjoy it just as much as the person that you're conversing with. These include ____________.[A] avoiding interrupting the person that you're conversing with[B] turning your phone off before engaging in a conversation with someone[C] looking the person whom you are talking to in the eye[D] speaking low enough so that you won’t be overheard by people around you41. Situated in the central part of the North America Continent, the continental United States borders Canada on the north and reaches south to ____________.[A] Mexico[B] Cuba [C] Brazil [D] the Gulf of Mexico43. The enormous growth of American economy has been attributedto many factors. Among them are ____________.[A] the size of America[B] its abundant resources[C] religious pluralism[D] American capitalism44. ____________ used to be the mainstays of America’s economy.[A] Chemistry [B] Automobile [C] Construction[D] Steel45. The four fundamental freedoms, which people “everywhere in the world” ought to enjoy, were goals articulated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on January 6, 1941. They include ____________.[A] freedom of speech[B] freedom of worship[C] freedom from want [D] freedom from war46. ____________ are regarded as the greatest players in National Basketball Association (NBA) history.[A] Shaquille O'Neal[B] Scottie Pippen[C] Wilt Chamberlain [D] Kobe Bryant47. The Mississippi River is the largest river system in ____________, about 2,320 miles (3,730 km).[A] the United States[B] Americas[C] the world [D] North America48. The two largest Chinatowns in U.S. are located in ____________.[A] New York [B] Chicago[C] Miami [D] San Francisco50. America, walled by ____________, has been said to be a nation with an abundance of geography but a shortage of history.[A] the Atlantic Ocean[B] the Indian Ocean[C] the Pacific Ocean [D] the Arctic OceanPart III True or FalseDirections: Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).( ) 1.The Statue of Liberty was presented by the people of France to the people of the United States when the new country was founded.( ) 2.Harward University was founded in 1638.( ) 3.Ronald Reagan was the only actor to become president of the United States.( ) 6. In 1961, the American Congress adopted Uncle Sam as the national symbol.( ) 7. “I come, I see, I conquer” was said by Julius Caesar.( ) 8. We say American politics is based on a two-party system because there are only two parties in the United States.( ) 9. The members of the National Security Council include the President, the Vice President, and the Secretaries of State and Defense.( ) 10. American public schools are locally controlled, free from religious influence and publicly supported by taxes.( ) 11. In the United States, the public schools are supported by taxes paid by the adults who have children attending schools.( ) 12. The Congress represents the nation as the head of state, symbolizing national unity and speaking on behalf of the American people to the world.( ) 14. Although Columbus was not the first to discover the New World, his landing in the New World in 1492 is important: it ushered in an era of unprecedented European exploration and settlement of the Americas.( ) 15. The US education system uses the common numerical grading system as is used in many other countries.( ) 18. Country music is a genre of American popular music that originated in Northern United States in the 1920s.( ) 19. Meryl Streep is widely regarded as one of the greatest film actresses of all time. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her roles in Roman Holiday in 2011.( ) 20. Whitney Houston acted in the movie The Bodyguard, and the song in the movie My Heart will Go On was known by the world. ( ) 21. “Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get.” is from the movie Forrest Gump.( ) 22. Washington Irving is the father of American Literature. ( )23. The Washington Monument is located in Philadelphia to commemorate George Washington, the first American President. ( ) 24.Tony Awards are given to recognize the excellent work in theatre and are considered the highest U.S. theatre honor.( ) 26. The Great Gatsby is written by Jack London.( ) 27. Sleeping Beauty is the first full-length cel (帧，动画用语) animated feature film and the earliest in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series.( ) 28.The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated in 1620.( ) 29. It is appropriate to groom yourself at the table when you are having a business dinner.( ) 30. Easter Day occurs on the first Sunday after the full moon following the spring equinox. It is originally the day to commemorate the Resurrection of Jesus Christ.( ) 31. Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials, MJ, played 15 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Chicago Bulls and Washington Wizards. ( ) 33. The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), the highest level of professional football in the United States, culminating a season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year.( ) 34. The total area of America is some 9.62 million square kilometers, which makes it the second largest country in the world. ( ) 35. America has a population of about 318 million, the majority of which are descendents of the European immigrants.( ) 36. The robin is both the national bird and national animal of the United States, and is an enduring symbol of the country itself. ( ) 38. On the one hand, the United States is the world's largest producer of natural gas and crude oil; on the other hand, it is also the world's largest consumer of petroleum.( ) 39. Soccer is as popular in the United States as in many other nations.( ) 40. Christianity is by far the most common religion practiced in the United States.( ) 41. New York is the most populous city in the United States and the home of the United Nations Headquarters.( ) 43. Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is located in the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. West Coast.( ) 44. The national flower of the United States is rose.( ) 45. The Amazon River is nicknamed by the “father of water” or “Old man River”.( ) 46. The most important source of law is the government. ( ) 47. Hollywood is located in the central region of Los Angeles,。
美国文化练习题
美国文化练习题美国是一个多元文化的国家，拥有丰富多样的文化特点。
下面是一些美国文化练习题，让我们一起来了解一下吧！题目一：美国的国庆节是哪一天？答案：美国的国庆节是每年的7月4日。
这一天庆祝美国独立宣言签署的纪念日，人们会举行各种庆祝活动，如焰火、游行等。
题目二：美国最受欢迎的体育项目是什么？答案：美国最受欢迎的体育项目是美式足球（American Football）。
它是一项以肌肉对抗为主要特点的体育运动，其竞技水平和观赏性都非常高。
题目三：美国最大的城市是哪个？答案：美国最大的城市是纽约市（New York City）。
作为一个全球性的重要城市，纽约市不仅是金融、商业和文化中心，还有着丰富的历史和多元文化。
题目四：美国最受欢迎的音乐风格是什么？答案：美国最受欢迎的音乐风格是流行音乐（Pop Music）。
美国是全球音乐产业的领头羊，许多知名的流行歌手和乐团都来自美国。
题目五：美国的国花是什么？答案：美国的国花是玫瑰（Rose）。
玫瑰被认为是爱情和美的象征，它也是美国各州花中的代表之一。
题目六：美国最有名的电影奖项是什么？答案：美国最有名的电影奖项是奥斯卡金像奖（Academy Awards）。
奥斯卡金像奖是世界上最具影响力的电影奖项之一，每年由美国电影艺术与科学学院颁发。
题目七：美国最长的河流是什么？答案：美国最长的河流是密西西比河（Mississippi River）。
它全长约3,730公里，是美国重要的内河航道和水资源。
题目八：美国最高的建筑是哪座？答案：美国最高的建筑是纽约的自由女神像（Statue of Liberty）。
自由女神像是法国赠送给美国的礼物，它象征着自由和民主。
题目九：美国最有名的节日是什么？答案：美国最有名的节日是感恩节（Thanksgiving）。
感恩节是美国人民表达感激之情的重要节日，人们会与家人和朋友共进丰盛的晚餐，并给予对彼此的感激。
题目十：美国最受欢迎的旅游景点是哪里？答案：美国最受欢迎的旅游景点是大峡谷（Grand Canyon）。
高中英语美国文化复习 题集附答案
高中英语美国文化复习题集附答案高中英语美国文化复习题集附答案1. Multiple Choice Questions1. In which year did the American Civil War end?a) 1865b) 1776c) 1945d) 1918Answer: a) 18652. Who is considered the founding father of the United States?a) George Washingtonb) Abraham Lincolnc) Thomas Jeffersond) Benjamin FranklinAnswer: a) George Washington3. Which of the following is a famous American landmark?a) Big Benb) Eiffel Towerc) Statue of Libertyd) Sydney Opera HouseAnswer: c) Statue of Liberty4. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?a) Thomas Jeffersonb) John F. Kennedyc) Franklin D. Rooseveltd) Abraham LincolnAnswer: a) Thomas Jefferson5. Which sport is considered America's favorite pastime?a) Soccerb) Baseballc) Basketballd) FootballAnswer: b) Baseball2. True or False Questions1. The United States has 50 states.Answer: True2. Thanksgiving is a holiday celebrated in the United States. Answer: True3. The American flag has 50 stars, each representing a state.Answer: True4. The Great Wall of China is located in the United States.Answer: False5. The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States.Answer: True3. Short Answer Questions1. Who was the first African American President of the United States?Answer: Barack Obama2. What is the capital of the United States?Answer: Washington, D.C.3. Who is the current President of the United States?Answer: Joe Biden4. Name one famous American inventor.Answer: Thomas Edison5. What is the national motto of the United States?Answer: "In God We Trust"4. Essay QuestionDescribe the significance of the Civil Rights Movement in American history. Provide examples of key events and individuals who played a role in the movement.Answer: The Civil Rights Movement was a pivotal moment in American history that aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans. It spanned from the 1950s to the 1960s and was characterized by nonviolent protests, demonstrations, and legal battles.One key event of the Civil Rights Movement was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955. It was sparked by Rosa Parks, an African American woman who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. This act of resistance led to a mass boycott of the city's buses by African Americans, demanding an end to segregated seating. The boycott lasted for over a year and ultimately resulted in a Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation on public buses unconstitutional.Another significant event was the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963. It was organized by civil rights activists, including Martin Luther King Jr., and drew approximately 250,000 participants. During this march, King delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech, calling for racial equality and an end to discrimination. The march increased public awareness of the civil rights movement and put pressure on the government to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964.Key individuals who played a role in the Civil Rights Movement include Martin Luther King Jr., who became the face of the movement due to his charismatic leadership and nonviolent philosophy. His efforts and speeches inspired millions of people to join the fight for equality. Other notablefigures include Rosa Parks, who sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and Malcolm X, a prominent civil rights activist who advocated for black empowerment through self-defense.The Civil Rights Movement resulted in significant achievements, such as the desegregation of schools, the end of Jim Crow laws, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which aimed to protect African Americans' right to vote. It laid the foundation for future social justice movements and transformed the landscape of American society.In conclusion, the Civil Rights Movement marked a turning point in American history. It was a struggle for equality and justice, led by courageous individuals who fought against racial discrimination. Through their efforts, they brought about lasting change and paved the way for a more inclusive and equal society.。
美国文化测试试卷答案
American culture testDirection: Answer the following questions.1. In the United States, immigrants fall into several categories, each with its own label such as “ the early immigrants,”“ the old immigrants,”“ the new immigrants,” and “the most recent immigrants.”Describe these immigrants in the historical context and point out their distinctive features in national origins and religious beliefs.(1)The early immigrants (the colonial period) The English 1607 Virginia, New England settlers: Pilgrim and Puritans, Protestant faith. Gentry class, religious tolerance, political egalitarianism. The Germans. The Scotch-Irish. Other Ethnic Groups: diversity.(2)The old immigrants (the mid-nineteenth century)The mid-nineteenth century saw mainly an influx from northern Europe.The Industrial Revolution .Overpopulation in Europe. Religious persecution combined with transportation revolution. Poverty. American fever. Immigration wave.(3)The new immigrants (the early twentieth-century) The early twentieth-century immigrants are mainly from Southern and Eastern Europe. Between 1880 and 1920,southern and eastern Europeans, total of 27 million immigrants.1920-1930 : immigration restriction laws and a major depression put barriers in their way.(4)The most recent immigrants (post-1965)Post-1965 immigrants are mostly from Latin America and Asia. Immigration Act of 1924 virtually closed the door. Quota system. Refugees: Hungarians, Cubans, Vietnamese and Cambodians. The new immigration law of 1965, family reunification, occupation and refugees.1999 Census, 7million immigration most Latinos and Asians. From 1991 to 2000: 10-11 million new immigrants.population from 249 million to 281.The most Recent Immigrants:Latino,Chinese,The Filipinos,The Vietnamese,The Koreans.2. Being a nation of immigrants, the United States has been compared to a “ melting pot,” a “ salad bowl,” or even a “pizza.”How do you understand the complex nature of the ethnic groups in the United States?The United States is compared to a big pot of soup that has bits of flavor from eachdifferent culture.But it still has the mainstream culture and the non-mainstream culture. The early immigrants from Europe are mostly the white,and they easily assimilate into the culture.Now, immigrants are from different culture and race,so it is difficult for them to assimilate into the mainstream culture.It resulted that different ethnical immigrants still owned their traditional habits and characteristics of the original.The racial integration is a complicated, painful process along with the progress of the times.During the period,the racial discrimination gradually faded,and various people integrated into the sciety in different ways.They changed things in American.Each race are also influenced by the American culture.Today,America has the absorption characteristics of all kinds of family. USA has become the super country by making good use of these characteristics. Ethnic diversity makes American prosperity. The immigrants not only brought a variety of culture and lots of work for USA, but also embody the openness and freedom of the American.3. Examine the experience of Chinese immigrants in the United States, noting, in particular, the maltreatment, indeed discrimination, Chinese immigrants encountered there. Additionally, explain how recent Chinese immigrants differ from old Chinese immigrants.Contract laborers: work cheaply and lived frugally. Gold rush 1849 west coast. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.Non-white, non-Christian, incapable of being assimilated into the mainstream culture.They were feared as competitors.Their hard work and long hours for low pay were said to drive down the standard of living of American labor. The early immigrants people had the purpose of making a living across the ocean.They cannot well integrate into the local community.While the new immigrants received higher education at home, and they want to accept more education in USA.Old settlers think that Chinese culture cannot be lost, especially the traditional culture.Howeever,the new immigrants integrate into Western society, accept the mainstream culture,absorb in western culture.4. Read the “Bill of Rights” and comment on it.“Bill of Rights"is of great influence on the American history. Especially,the first rule in the bill of rights has the profound and lasting influence for the development of America. It becomes personal freedom’s unshakable talisman. A major flaw--"bill of rights" didn’t amend the constitution, namely to confirm the slavery. The bill of rights is to protect citizens against the federal government’s involvement. The first amendment for the most famous goal is to protect the freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion and other rights. The bill of rights is the most imposing restrictions on government, and it provided the things that the federal government cannot do so as to protect the individual freedom from government persecution.The fundamental purpose is to ensure that the state power is from the national people.It advised to establish the government by people,and eliminate the government’s restrictions on personal freedom.The country is based on personal rights,in order to prevent the generation of authoritarian regime. The bill of rights reflects the people’s requirements in the nation,and provides the basic rights of citizens, embodies the thought of people's sovereignty and the declaration of independence of spirit.5. Read the “Declaration of Independence” and comment on it.“The Declaration of Independence ”mainly absorbed the thinker John Locke’s thinking—natural rights.The declaration uses the simple words,but has the significant meanings.It is the incomparable documents in the history of America. The Declaration of Independence includes three parts: the first part expounds the nation, political philosophy, that is the democracy and freedom of philosophy; the second part lists the king on the colony's brutal rule, states the practical reason for the colonies from England; the third part solemnly declared independence. The Declaration of Independence not only declared the birth of a new nation,but also expressed political demands of the bourgeoisie for the first time.The form of political program played a powerful role in the west bourgeois revolution. The declaration analyses of the human rights--the theory of rights in the people,and reflects the period of bourgeois revolution spirit. The declaration is the first the Universal Declaration of human rights in human history.Itencouraged the North American people's struggle for independence and liberation of the Chinese nation spirit.We can call it as a programmatic document of the war of independence and the banner of revolution. The declaration of independence had a major impact on the American future’s development,and it also promoted the development of world history. Freedom equal rights in the declaration can only be bourgeois power, and it reflects the essence of the bourgeois class.So it is served for capitalist system.。
美国文化概况练习题及答案。（小编整理）
美国文化概况练习题及答案。
（小编整理）第一篇：美国文化概况练习题及答案。
I.Choose the answer that best suits the question.1.In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A.FrenchB.SpanishC.ItalianD.English2.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate.The meeting came to be called the ____.A.First Continental CongressB.Second Continental CongressC.Constitutional ConventionD.Independent Convention3.In American history，the Pilgrim Fathers refer to those who came to Plymouth on board of ____.A.a French shipB.a British shipC.MayflowerD.an Italian ship4.____ was not the main Reformation leaders.A.Martin LutherB.Martin Luther KingC.John CalvinD.The English King Henry VIII5.____ was among the Founding Fathers of the American Republic.A.Abraham LincolnB.Franklin RooseveltC.Theodore RooseveltD.John Adams6.The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____A.challenging the authority of the Pope.B.salvation through faith.C.salvation through the church.D.establishing a direct contact with God.7.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ________.A.the Appalachian MountainsB.the Rocky MountainsC.the Green MountainsD.the Blue Ridge Mountains8.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A.The American had the mixed blood of European or their descendants.B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C.The American has the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D.The American had the blood of the English and their descendants.9.Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A.separation of state and church.B.respect of education.C.intolerant moralismD.a sense of mission.10.Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________A.there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B.the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C.there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D.the English king did not like the plan.11.One of the oldest towns(landed in 1513)in the US is ___________.A.New YorkB.BostonC.PhiladelphiaD.St.Augustine12.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution13.The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___A.George Washington.B.Thomas Jefferson.C.John Adams.D.John Locke.14.Which of the following was NOT adenomination of Protestantism?A.Catholics.B.Puritans.C.Quakers.D.Church of England.15.The birthplace of the country is in ____.A.New York City B.PhiladelphiaC.WashingtonD.C.D.Lexington16.The clash at Concord and Lexington marked ____.A.the beginning of the War of IndependenceB.the beginning of the second Continental CongressC.a minor clash between the British and the colonists with no significanceD.none of the aboveII.Fill in the blanks.1.The Declaration of Independence states that every man is equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among which are ______, ______ and the pursuit of happiness.2.The first English permanent settlement in North America was called ______ in ______(bigger place).3.American National Day is set on ______ so as to mark the adoption of Declaration of Independence.4.____________discovered the New World in 1492.5.In 1620, the first group of Puritans sailed to the New World by the ship _________ and named the new place where they settled down _________, the name of their starting place in England.6.__________ is the main author of Declaration of Independence?7.There were _____ states when the United States of America was founded.II.Explain the following termsBenjamin FranklinPuritanismIII.Answer the following questions briefly.1.What were some of the causes of the American War of Independence?2.What are the major ideas in the Declaration ofIndependence?第二篇：概况模拟题(八)美国文化英语考研英美概况模拟题（八）美国文化部分CultureI.Multiple Choice1.In America the academic year lasts nine months, from September to _____, with winter and spring vocations.A.JulyB.JuneC.August2.In elementary schools, courses for children include the following except _____.A.reading, writing B.social coursesC.foreign languagesD.sciences, art and musicE.cooking or other manual skills3.The American teachers’ pay and prestige are _____ in comparison with the general standard of living.A.highB.lowC.almost the same4.There are over _____ universities, colleges and other institutions in the United States.A.2,000B.2,500C.3,0005.Today more than _____ of all the private colleges have some kind of church connection.A.1/3B.1/2C.1/56.The library in _____ was the first private library in the US.A.Harvard College B.Yale CollegeC.College of New Jersey7.The first public library was founded in 1731 in _____.A.BostonB.PhiladelphiaC.Chicago8.At present America has more than _____ free public libraries.A.6,000B.5,000C.7,0009.VOA Radio Station was established in _____.A.1924B.1934C.189410.All the newspapers and magazines in America are _____ owned.A.publiclyB.privatelyC.locally11._____ is the winter sport in American schools and colleges.A.FootballB.BasketballC.Baseball12.It was the _____ immigrants in the mid-19th century who introduced skiing into the United States.A.ScandinavianB.DutchC.French13.101 American people won the Nobel Prize after _____.A.WWIB.Civil WarC.WWII14.At the end of WWII the art centre of the world moved from _____ to the new world.A.ParisB.LondonC.Berlin15.The famous story _____ helps Washington Irving earn great fame in the literary world.A.“Rip Van Winkle”B.“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”C.“The Adventures of a German Student”16._____ is regarded as the father of detective stories.A.Mark TwainB.Edgar Allan Poe C.Herman Melville17._____ is the first writer in America to win the Nobel Prize in literature.A.Sinclair LewisB.Saul BellowC.Ernest Hemingway18.Yale University was founded in _____.A.1701B.1746C.174919.The greatest American playwright is _____.A.Arthur MillerB.Eugene O’Neil C.Robert Frost20._____ belonged to the Lost Generation.A.Ernest Hemingway B.Wilt WhitmanC.Tennessee Williams21.The most popular sport in America is _____.A.baseballB.basketballC.football22.After his death a bust of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was placed in the poet’s corn er of _____.A.Westminster AbbeyB.camp of Cambridge UniversityC.Oxford University23.For his work, _____ was honoured “The Harlem Laureate”.A.Robert ngston Hughs C.Walt Whitman24.Arthur Miller’s Masterpiece is _____.A.Death of a SalesmanB.The CrucibeC.The Price25._____ is the earliest university in America.A.HarvardB.YaleC.Rhode Island26._____ serves as a bridge which connects secondary schools and universities.A.Four-year college B.Two-year college C.College of arts and science27.Junior college in America is _____.A.two yearsB.three yearsC.four yearsD.five years28._____ is closely associated with the Rockefeller Interest Group.A.New York Times B.Washington Post C.Los Angeles Times29.The tuition in a private college is _____.A.highB.rather highC.quite lowD.tolerable30.In America about _____ of the universities and colleges are private.A.1/2B.1/3C.1/4D.1/531.Hawthorne is a famous American writer in _____ fiction.A.romanticB.realisticC.JewishD.southern32.The most influential newspapers are the following except _____.A.New York TimesB.Washington PostC.Los Angeles TimesD.Wall Street Journal33.Readers’ Digest is a _____ magazine which is published in 15 languages and 39 editions.A.weeklyB.monthlyC.biweeklyD.triweekly34.The major wire services in America are the following except _____.A.the Associated PressB.the United Press InternationalC.the Columbia Broadcasting System35.From 1901 to 1978, 117 Americans won the Nobel Prize, holding _____ of the world Nobel Prize winners.A.halfB.one-thirdC.one-fourth36.Blues is a music of strong rhythm, which was originally sung by _____.A.NegroesB.IndiansC.Europeans37.The Father of American literature was _____.A.Mark TwainB.Washington Irving C.Walt Whitman D.Jack London II.Fill in the Blanks1.American children usually begin their school at the age of _____.2.An elementary school teacher must have a _____ degree of arts with a major in education.3._____, one of the most famous universities in the world, was founded in 1686.4.About _____ percent of the high school graduates can be admitted by universities or colleges.5.There are four grades in universities.They are freshmen, _____, junior and senior.6.About _____ of all the colleges and universities are private.7.A department consists of faculty members raging from full professors to _____.8.The tuition in a _____ college is very high.9.The Library of _____ is the largest public library in the U.S.10.The Franklin D.Roosevelt Library is in _____ Park, New York.11.The academic degrees in America are the Bach elor’s, the _____ and the Doctor’s degrees.12.VOA Radio Station is in the city of _____.13.In 1965 the U.S.A launched the first communication space satellite “_____ _____”.14.The major wire services in America are the _____ Press and the United Press International.15.The popular magazine _____ _____ has the largest circulation in the world.16.VOA now sends news to the whole world in _____ languages day and night.17._____ is the most popular game in autumn.18.Wrestling, boxing, horseracing are called _____ sports.19.The Dutch introduced _____ into the New York areas in the 17th century.20.In the year _____ the first satellite was launched in America.21.From 1901 to 1978 there are 117people in America won the _____ Prize for the research of natural science.22.The Metropolitan Museum and other two museums located in the city of _____ _____.23.Gilbert Stuart is considered America’s first great _____.24._____ is the earliest and the best film studio in America.25.Gone with the Wind was the best known of all _____ films.26.In 1915 the first major feature film Birth of a _____ was made.27.Before the 1960’s many _____ had not been given the right to receive education.28.The American children usually graduate from high school at the age of _____.29.A high school teacher usually has majored in the field of his special interest and in addition, he must have a _____ arts degree in education.30.The University of _____ has more than 128,000 students.31.The students who are working for a bachelor degree are called _____.32.Today about 5 million men and more than 3 million women attend colleges and universities, of which about _____ percent are coeducational.33.Two-year college were originally called “_____ colleges”, but now they are called “_____ colleges”.34.A four-year col lege is often called a “_____ _____ college” or a “college of _____ and _____”.35.One of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is credit or “credit hours”, or “_____”.36.VOA has _____ broadcasting stations, sending news to the whole world in _____ languagesday and night.37.The first music in the American colonies was _____ music.38.Jazz music developed out of the music of the early American _____.39._____ _____ was considered the father of American literature.40.Hawthorne’s best novel is The _____ _____.41._____ _____ is the pen name of Samuel L.Clements.42.Whitman is remembered for his poems The _____ of _____.43.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is considered_____ _____’s masterpiece.44.Ernest Hemingway belonged to the _____ generation.45.The best novel written by Theodore Dreiser is “_____ _____ _____”.46.The novel Martin Eden was written by _____ _____.47._____ _____ became pessimistic and committed suicide at the age of 40.48.The two main successful novels written by Sinclair Lewi s are “_____ _____” and “_____”.49.“_____ _____ _____ _____ _____” earned Ernest Hemingway a Nobel Prize in literature.III.Define the Following Terms1.credit2.The Library of Congress3.spectator sports4.Jazz music5.VOAIV.Answer the Following Questions1.What do American schools lay emphasis on?2.What are the characteristics of American literature during the 17th and 18th centuries?英语考研英美概况模拟题（八）美国文化部分答案：Part IIII.BCBABABBCBAABAABAABAAABAABAABCADCCBABII.1.6bachelorHarvard60sophomore1/4instructorsprivateCon gressHyde Master’sWashingtonEarly BirdAssociatedReaders’ Digest41Footballspectator bowling1958NobelNew YorkartistHollywoodromanticNationNegroes18masterCalifornia undergraduate85Junior, Communityliberal arts, arts, sciencepoints16churchNegroesWashington IrvingScarlet LetterMark Twain Leaves, GrassMark TwainlostThe American TragedyJack LondonJack LondonMain Street, BabbitThe Old Man and the Sea第三篇：英美概况美国历史练习题英美概况美国历史练习题I.Multiple Choices1.The history of the U.S.is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A.1620 B.1607 C.17762.The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A.Maryland B.South Carolina C.Delaware D.Colorado3._____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A.John CabotB.MagellanC.BalboaD.Cartier4.The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A.simpleB.easyC.roughD.hard5.The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A.1765, 1766 B.1764, 1765 C.1763, 17646.The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A.Philadelphia B.Boston C.New York7.The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A.1776, 1784 B.1775, 1783 C.1706, 17148.Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.A.Gettysburg B.Pittsburgh C.Trenton9.The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A.New York B.Saratoga C.Bunker Hill10.On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.A.Yorktown B.BostonC.Charleston11.The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to_____.A.The Articles of the Confederation B.Bill of RightsC.Civil Rights12.The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A.the Bill of Rights B.the Articles C.Civil Rights13.After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A.WashingtonB.New YorkC.Philadelphia14.The“Common Sense” was written by _____.A.Thomas Edison B.Thomas Paine C.Thomas Jefferson15.The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handedwhich was called _____.A.the “Intolerable Acts” B.Un-American ActivitiesC.the Sedition Act 16.The greatestmade by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A.abolishing the Sedition Act B.reducing taxesC.purchasing Louisiana from France17.The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____.The U.S.won the war.A.1812, 1814 B.1813, 1815 C.1814, 181618.As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A.1/4 B.1/2 C.1/319.In 1844 the U.S.forced the Chinese Government to sign the firsttreaty of _____.A.WangxiaB.Nanjing C.Tianjin20.The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A.50, 1781 B.13, 1781 C.13, 178721._____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington's administration.A.New York B.Chicago C.Boston22.It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.A.Alexander Hamilton B.Thomas JeffersonC.George Washington23._____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A.John Adams B.Thomas Jefferson C.James Madison24.The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A.James MadisonB.James MonroeC.John Adams25.The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance's program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A.Monroe Doctrine B.Sedition Act C.Holy Alliance26._____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A.John AdamsB.Andrew JacksonC.Andrew Johnson27._____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska.A.Douglas Bill B.Monroe DoctrineC.Sedition Act28.During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared theof slavery.A.Homestead Bill B.Emancipation ProclamationC.Both A and B29.The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A.Bull Run B.Gettysburg C.Richmond30.The first imperialist war took place between the U.S.and _____ in 1898.A.Britain B.France C.Spain31.The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A.Abraham Lincoln B.Andrew JohnsonC.Thomas JeffersonD.George Washington32.In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A.Woodrow Wilson B.William H.TaftC.Theodore RooseveltD.Warren G.Harding33.Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A.New York B.Chicago C.Washington34.In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A.first B.second C.third35.McCarthy wasfor his harsh _____of thepeople.A.religiousB.spiritualC.political36.The Ku Klux Klan was the mostterrorist society which persecuted the _____.A.blacks B.Indians C.people37.On August 14, 1914, the U.S.and Britain issued a joint communiqué called _____.A.the Teher an Declaration B.the Atlantic CharterC.the Washington Proclamation38.In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the“_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.A.Open Door Policy B.Big Stick C.Douglas Bill39.The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____,for about four years.A.1913, 1917 B.1914, 1918 C.1915, 191940.The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A.Axis, Allies B.Holy Alliance, AxisC.Central Powers, Allies41.Theof a(n)_____ prince, Arch Duke Ferdinand, served as the direct fuse for theof WWI.A.Australia B.Belgium C.Austria42.Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.A.33 B.38 C.3943.The frequent emergence of the economicin the U.S.A.led to the followingeffects except _____.A.inflation B.the rise of pricesC.the decrease of populationD.the decrease of the purchasing capacity44.In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.A.San Francisco B.New York C.Philadelphia45._____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.A.48 B.47 C.4546.At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union,the U.S.and Britain discussed the problem of opening the secondin Europe.A.Yalta B.Teheran C.Casablanca47.In July 1945, Britain, the U.S.and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam toan occupationand set up a program for the future of Germany.The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A.CairoB.TeheranC.PotsdamD.Quebec48.The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A.the Allies and the Axis(powers)B.the Axis and Holy AllianceC.the Central Powers and the Allies49.The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A.Paris Treaty B.Versailles Treaty C.Teheran Treaty50.The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945.At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N.etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.A.Yalta B.Teheran C.Potsdam51.The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A.1920 B.1918 C.191952.The munist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.A.Levestone B.William Foster C.Earl Browder53.The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.A.1929, 1933 B.1933, 1937 C.1924, 192954.The programmer of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished toin was called _____.A.Eisenhower Doctrine B.Marshall Plan C.Truman Doctrine55.The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A.Vietnam War B.Cold War C.Korean War56.In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO tothe military actions of member nations against the _____.A.GermanyB.JapanC.Soviet Union57.The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A.1939, 1945 B.1937, 1943 C.1938, 194558.After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.A.the Allies, the Axis Powers B.the USSR, the USAC.the old capitalist countries, the new ones59.There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970's.A.six B.five C.seven60.The President Franklin D.Roosevelt proposed acalled _____ to save the economic situation.A.Good Neighbor B.the Open Door PolicyC.the New Deal61.The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.A.Midway Island B.BritainC.Normandy62.In Feb._____ came President Nixon'svisit to China.A.1979B.1972C.197363.In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A.the Korean War B.the Vietnam War C.the US-Spanish War64.On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbor, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A.Spanish B.French C.Japanese65.The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.A.13 B.50 C.4866.The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A.the eastern B.the western C.the northern67._____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A.TheEnglish King B.the local governmentC.the local people68.The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.both A and B69._____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.A.King George I B.King George IIIC.King George II70.In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A.San Francisco B.Chicago C.New York71.President Nixon visited China in _____.A.1973 B.1974C.197272._____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A.Theodore RooseveltB.George WashingtonC.FranklinD.RooseveltD.Thomas Jefferson73.The city's name “Philadelphia” means _____.A.love B.pitC.philosophy答案： 1-5 BDBBA 6-10ABCBA 11-15AABBC 16-20CABAB 21-25AABAA 26-30BABBC 30-35AABAC 36-40ABABC 41-45CBCAA 46-50BCABA 51-55CBABC 56-60CABAC 61-65 ABACA 66-70AABBA 71-73CCA第四篇：美国政治制度概况美国政治制度概况Political institution（政治制度）1．The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.It was draw up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789.美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，它起草于1787年，生效于1789年。
America Culture test 美国文化考试题目
.
29) ______ How were farmers affected by The Great Depression?
a)They lost their farms and homes.
b)They made greater profits.
b)False
.
7) ______ Most of the Spanish Armada sank in a sudden storm off the coast of
England.
a)True
b)False
.
8) ______ Elizabeth dressed in a suit of armor and declared she had the stomach of a
a)True
b)False
.
19) ______ Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote a novel about the Puritains called "The Scarlet
Letter"
a)True
b)False
.
20) ______ Mary Tudor was known as "Bloody Mary."
Catholicism from England helped create the United States of America. Do this in
your own words individually. Your essay answer is worth 25 points. You will be
美国文化作业参考答案
美国文化作业参考答案Answers to the assignment of American Culture美国文化作业参考答案Unit 1Please list at least five symbols of America.The statue of liberty, Barbie dolls, American gothic, buffalo nickel and Uncle Sam.Unit 2Please answer this question: In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God’s chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people. The sign of being God’s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish a direct contract with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.Unit 31. What is "The Bill of Rights"?1. The Bill of Right consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. The Bill of Right was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.2. Please say something about a federal system.2. A federal system is one in which power is shared betweena central authority and its constituent parts, with some rightsreserved to each.Unit 41. Say something about the service industry.1. Services industries are industries that sell a service rather than make a product. Service industries range from banking to telecommunications to the provision of meals in restaurants. As more and more people are employed in service industries in the US.It is sometimes said that the US has moved into a "post-industrial era".2. What kind of workers do large farms hire in the harvest time? Please say something in detail.2. Migrant workers.Many big farms hire temporary workers only for a specific chore-such as picking crops. Many of these seasonal workers travel from farm to farm, staying only until the crops are picked. They are known as migrant workers.Unit 51. Who can make decisions about the policies of the school? Say something in detail.1. Boards of education. Boards of education refer to groups of people who make policies for school at the state and/or district level. They also make decisions about the school curriculum, teacher standards and certification, and the overall measurement of student progress.2. Please list the reasons for the flourishing of large universities.2. They offer the best libraries for scientific research. Access to a "mainframe"(very large)computer and to modern laboratories attracts leading scientists to the faculties of suchschools.And students enroll to study with the experts.Unit 6Say something about the Civil Rights Movement.It is one of the most important of all social movements in the 1960s in America. Rosa Parks' spontaneous action in 1955 was believed to be the true beginning of the civil rights movement. The black students' sit-in at a department lunch counter in North Carolina touched off the nationwide civil rights movement. During the first half of the decade, civil rights organizations like the SNCC, CORE, and SCLC struggled for radical integration by providing leadership, tactics, network and the people. In the latter half of the decade, some black organizations changed their nonviolent tactics, and emphasized on more radical means to end discrimination and raised the self-image of the blacks. The civil rights movement producedsuch great leaders as Martin Luther King. Jr., and Malcolm X, who inspired a generation of both blacks and whites to devote their lives to fighting for racial equality in the US.Unit 7Please say something about drug abuse in the US.Drug abuse in the US has come to be regarded as one of the most challenging social problems facing the nation. The drug issue always excites strong emotions of Americans because drug abuse is perceived as a major threat to American society, particularly to its younger members. Drug abuse is a social problem because it has a wide range of social costs. For example, drug is closely related with crime, and automobile accidents. It has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally. And the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great.Unit 8Say something about "Super Bowl".Super bowl is the name of final match of professional American football competitions, which decides the champion team for the year.Unit 9Say something about "Hollywood".Hollywood refers to a rural suburb of Los Angeles. In 1909，many independent film companies moved their studios to the area which offered them more reliable sunshine-the ideal lighting condition for filmmaking, as well as distance from Edison's monopoly in the East. Hollywood became the American movie capital after 1913.。
答案美国文化American_Culture
Chapter 1 GeographyI. Location and Size1. The full name of the United States is the United States of America. The continental United States lies in central North America with Canada to its north, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to its south, the Atlantic Ocean to its east and the Pacific Ocean to its west.2. The U.S. has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. It is the forth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.3. The U.S. is a federal republic with many states.1) For a long time there were 48 states, then in 1959 Alaska and Hawaii became the forty-ninth and fiftieth states. Alaska borders on northwestern Canada, and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.2) Of all the states, Alaska is the largest in area and Rhode Island is the smallest. But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.II. Mountains, Rivers and Lakes1. Mountains:1) The Rockies (落基山脉), the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.2) The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky Mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast.2. Rivers1) The Mississippi River is the largest river in American, over 6000 kilometers. The Mississippi has been called “father of waters” or “Old Man River”.2) The Ohio River has been called the American Ruhr. The area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well known for its steel industry. The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials.3) On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado in the south and the Columbia, which rises in Canada.4) The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.3. Lakes: The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan ,the only entirely in the U.S., Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.III. ClimateRegion 4Region 2Region 1Region 3Chapter 2 Population, Race and Ethnic GroupsI. Population: The United States of America is the third most populous county in the world after China and India.II. ImmigrationIII. Racial and Ethnic Minorities1. BlacksA large number of blank people move out of the south to other areas during the period between 1920 and 1960.The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United States is the blacks who number about 12.1% of the population. The first blacks were brought to North America as slaves in 1619.2. Hispanics (拉丁人种，西班牙语移民)The Hispanics usually are Spanish-speaking person of Latin-American origin who live in the United States. Three major Hispanic groups historically have had the greatest influence on the United States. They are Mexico-Americans of Chicanos, the Puerto Ricans and theCuban-Americans.3. The Asian-Americans are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States. The largest groups of Asian-Americans are the Chinese-Americans. Experts say three Asian traditions best explain the success of Asian-American: education, hard work, and family.4. Traditionally, the mainstream American was called WASPs, that is, White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.The term originated in reference to White Americans of Anglo-Saxon descent(英国新教徒白人), who were Protestant in religious affiliation. However, the term does not have a precise definition, and can be used to describe greatly differing groups. It initially applied to people with histories in the upper class Northeastern establishment, who were alleged to form powerful elite.Chapter 3 American History (I) (1600-1900)I. The Colonial Period1. The “first American” were the Indians. The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. Between 1607 and 1733 the British established 13 colonies along the east coast of North American.In 1620, 201 of Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called Mayflower. They arrived at Plymouth and built the Plymouth colony.From 1630 to 1643, some 200 ships transported over 20000 Englishmen to the Massachusetts Bay colony. The colonists were building a new way of life in the New World. There were a number of features which would play a role in forming the American character. They were: representative from of government, rule of law, respect of individual rights, religious tolerance and a strong spirit of individual enterprise.II. The War of IndependenceIn September 1744, the First Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia which encouraged American to refuse to buy British goods.The Declaration of Independence (1776) was drafted by Thomas Jefferson of Virginia. The Declaration is a clear explanation of the political theory behind the revolution and this theory came from the British philosopher John Locke.On the Christmas Day of 1776, the Americans defeated the British troops at Trenton, New Jersey. Not long afterwards, the Americans troops defeated the British at Saratoga in Northern New York. This was a great turning point of the War of Independence, leading directly to an alliance between the U.S and France.In September, 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed, Britain recognized the independence of the U.S.III. The Civil WarAmerican slavery existed before the War of Independence. During the drafting of the Declaration of Independence and again in the drawing up of the Constitution, opposition to slavery was put aside for a greater objective.In the early 1800’s, the Northern States turned from f arming to manufacturing. But, conditions were different in the South. To meet a rising world-wide demand for cotton and tobacco, the planters farmed large areas of land. Slave labor seemed best suited for producing these crops.With the territorial expansion towards the west, the problem of whether slavery should be allowed to spread into these areas arose again. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America. The war broke out on April 12, 1861.In the Civil war, Lincoln realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery. So he issued the famous Emancipation Proclamation.On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln made a short speech on the occasion of dedicating the national cemetery at Gettysburg. He ended his speech with these memorable words: “That government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”Chapter 4 American History (II) (1900-1945)I. Economic DevelopmentIn 1880, the U.S ranked first in the world in the production of steel; in 1900,the U.S. produced 245 million tons of coal, ranking first in the world. Coal was produced mostly in 6 states: Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, West Virginia and Colorado.Large Corporation, urbanization and new technology were the three features in the growth of American economy at the beginning of the 20th century.In 1903, the Wright brothers flew a plane for a brief 12 seconds at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. This was the beginning of the appearance of the plane. In 1911, Glenn E. Curiss designed and flew a successful plane.II. Progressive (进步运动)It was a movement at the turn of the 20th century which demanded government regulation of the economy and social conditions, spread quickly with the support of large number of people across the country. The Progressive Movement was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals. Rather, it was a number of diverse efforts at political, social and economic reforms.In 1920s, the U.S. has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.III. The Great Depression and The New DealThe stock market crash was the beginning of long economic depression in the late 1920S and 1930S.The aim of President Roosevelt’s new measures was to save American democracy and the capitalist system.The New Deal: It was put forward by American President Roosevelt who wanted to do something to deal with the Great Depression at that time. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up some efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped to “save American democracy” and to overcome the most serious economic crisis of the capitalist system up to that time.Chapter 5 American History (III)(1945-1980s)I. The Origin of Cold WarThe conflicts between Soviet Union and the United States arose basically from their separate concepts of postwar world orders.1. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall PlanThe open declaration of the containment policy was made by President Truman on March 12, 1949 in a speech to the joint session of congress.2. Improve your knowledgeThe Truman Doctrine in March 1947 promised that the USA “would support free peo ples who are resisting subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures”. It signalled the end of “isolationism” policies.In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the U.S. decided to offer Western European countries economic aid. This later came to be called the Marshall plan.3. The Founding of the NATOThe North Atlantic Treaty, which was signed on April 4, 1949, marked the beginning of U.S. efforts in setting up a military alliance around the Soviet Union and its allies.II. The Civil Rights Movement in the 1950sThe Montgomery boycott was led by Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman who later became a national leader of the Civil Rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States refers in part to a set of noted events and reform movements in that country aimed at abolishing public and private acts of racial discrimination and racism against African Americans between 1954 to 1968, particularly in the southern United States.III. American Society During the Postwar Boom (1945-1960s)1. Since 1945 the United States had entered a twenty-five-year economic boom. The cornerstones were the automobile, housing, and defense industries.2. Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63.5 million babies were born in the U.S, making thebaby-boom generation the largest by far in the American history.IV. The Vietnam WarThe policy of containment of Communism led the United States into the War in Vietnam which turned out to be the longest war it fought (1950-1975). By 1969, 543,400 American troops were fighting in South Vietnam.In the late 1960s and early 1970s the U.S began to look for a way to improve relations with China so as to get China’s help for its withdrawal from South Vietnam and to work with China against Soviet expansion.In February 1972, President Nixon visited China and met Mao Zedong and the two countries issued the Shanhai Communique. This visit ended twenty-three years of hostility and led to the establishment of diplomatic relations in January 1979.The Impact of Vietnam War：1）The United States was weakened as a result of the long war; 2）American society had never been so divided since the Civil War; 3）There are serious disagreement within the ruling circle. 4）The image of the United States, especially the image of the American armed forces, was discredited.Chapter 6 Political InstitutionsI. ConstitutionThe American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It is the basic instrument of American Government and the Supreme law of the land.Separation of powers: checks and balances 制约和平衡The government is divided into three branched: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. Each branch has part of the powers but not all the power.II. The Executive BranchThe President of the U.S is the head of the executive branch and the head of the state elected by the whole nation. The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least 35 years of age. The president election was held every 4 years.Presidency Election1) In American, the “winner-take-all” system applies in all states expect Maine.2) The electors of all fifty states and the District of Columbia-a total of 538 persons-comprise what is known as the Electoral College. To be successful, a candidate for the Presidency must receive 270 votes.3) The presidential term of 4 years begin on Jan 20 following the November election, the president publicly takes an oath of office, which is administered by the Chief Justice of the U.S. A president can be elected to office only twice.The Presidential Powerslegislative powers；Executive powers: the highest duty；Powers in foreign affairs；Judiciary powers: give reprieves(缓刑) and pardons (赦免) in federal criminal cases.III. The Legislative Branch1. A Two-chamber Congress (国会)Article I of the Constitution grants all legislative power of the federal government to a Congress composed of two chambers, a Senate and a House of Representatives.Every 2 years one-third of the Senate stands for re-election. Today, the House is composed of 435 members.The Senate is composed of 2 members from each state, Membership in the House is based on population and its size is therefore not specified in the Constitution.1) Each house of the Congress has the power to introduce legislation on any subject, except revenue bills，which must first come from the House of Representatives.2) The Constitution provides that the Vice president shall be president of the Senate. He has no vote, except in a case of a tie. The House of Representatives choose its own presiding officer-the Speaker of the House.IV. The Judiciary Branch1. According to the Constitution, the judicial power of the U.S shall be vested in one Supreme Court. The judicial system has evolved into the present structure: the Supreme Court, 11 court of appeals, 91 district courts, and 3 courts of special jurisdiction. U.S. judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.2. The Supreme Court is the highest court of the U.S and is the only organ which has the power to interpret the Constitution. The Supreme Court at present consists of a Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices.III. Political PartiesIn general, American has a two-party system. There are two major political parties in America: the Democrats and the Republicans. There have been four periods in the history of political parties in American.Chapter 7 EducationUnder the Tenth Amendment to the U.S Constitution, education was included among the respon sibilities which were “reserved to the states or the people”.It is a general view that every American has the right and obligation to become educated. American believe that, through education, an individual acquires the knowledge, skill, attitudes and abilities which will enable him to fit into society and improve his social status. Education helps to shape the society and develop the national strength.Characteristics of American Education1. In American, there are more public elementary and secondary schools that private ones, while private colleges and universities outnumber public ones.2. Formal education in the U.S consists of elementary, secondary and higher education, Elementary and secondary education, which forms public education, is free and compulsory.3. Each local school district of American has a governing board (管理委员会) whose major responsibilities are：1) The hiring of professional and support staff, 2) determining the most suitable local curriculum, 3) developing and approving a budget to carry out educational programs. Usually the board of education employs a superintendent of school, who is the chief executive officer at the local level.4. There is not a national system of education in the United States, It is the state that establishes policies for the education within its boundary, and so many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.Higher EducationThe system of higher education in the U.S has three principal functions: teaching, research and public service.In American, there are the best research universities such as Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia and MIT in the east, as well as Stanford and Berkeley on the west coast.。
美国历史文化概况(英文版)答案-850-7-董晓波
Keys答案Unit 1Text AI.1. destructive2. have been persecuted3. established4. intensified5. immigrated6. overwhelming7. refugees8. combat9. dispute10. financialII.1. F2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7. FIII.1.像伊丽莎白女王一样，新任国王也鼓励对外扩张，以此来缓解国内的宗教争端和经济上的低迷。
2.他们一直被称为清教徒，因为他们执意要“净化”英国国教——通过阻止其任命主教来简化宗教仪式，改革组织形式。
3.在合约期满后这些契约奴可以获得自由，而黑奴却要呆在种植园世代为奴。
4.从16到18世纪，土著居民的人口由于以下原因急剧下降：来自欧洲的流行病的肆虐；欧洲探险者和殖民者对他们的种族屠杀以及引发的战乱；被迫离开故土；土著部落间的战乱，被奴役；高比率的近亲结婚。
5.那些感染了疾病的人有的是疾病还处于潜伏期，有的是隔离得不那么严密，他们与土著居民的接触使得疾病得以传播，进一步转为流行病。
Text BI.1. beneficial, solely2. generally, disturbance3. publish, have4. strongly, condemn5. revenge6. become worse美国历史文化概况（英文版）27. correct8. put down9. leave10. trapII.1.The Seven Years’War: It is the war lasting from 1756 to 1763 during which Britain and Francefought over the control of North American colonies. It ended up with the victory for Britain. As a result of the war, Britain acquired French holdings in Canada and Florida from France’s ally, Spain.2.The Stamp Act: It is the act that passed by British Parliament in 1765 to be the first direct tax onthe American colonies. It required that all newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents, commercial bills, advertisements, and other papers issued in the colonies bear a stamp.3.The Boston Tea Party: It is a direct action by colonists in Boston against the British governmentfor its unfair treatment. On the night of December 16, 1773, a band of men, disguised as Indians boarded three British ships lying at anchor in Boston harbor and dumped the tea cargo, which was from China, into the sea.4.The Treaty of Paris: The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, formally ended theAmerican Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America, which had rebelled against British rule.Unit 2Text AI. jurisdiction，amphibians，contiguous，lease，habitat，disputingII.1. 美国领土包括明确界定的地理区域，即根据美国联邦政府权力管辖的大陆，天空或海域（但不仅局限于这些领域）。
美国社会与文化复习题答案
美国社会与文化复习题答案一、选择题1. 美国的首都是哪里？A. 纽约B. 洛杉矶C. 华盛顿特区D. 芝加哥答案：C2. 美国的国庆日是哪一天？A. 1月1日B. 7月4日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：B3. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A4. 美国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：C5. 美国的国花是什么？A. 玫瑰B. 郁金香C. 菊花D. 玫瑰答案：D二、填空题6. 美国的地理特征包括____、____和____。
答案：山脉、平原、沙漠7. 美国的人口主要由____、____和____组成。
答案：白人、黑人、拉丁裔8. 美国的两大政党是____和____。
答案：民主党、共和党9. 美国的著名文化象征包括____、____和____。
答案：自由女神像、好莱坞、麦当劳10. 美国的高等教育体系中，____和____是两种主要的学位类型。
答案：学士、硕士三、简答题11. 简述美国的多元文化特点。
答案：美国的多元文化特点体现在其人口的多样性上，包括不同种族、宗教和语言的融合。
美国是一个移民国家，吸引了来自世界各地的人们，形成了一个多元化的社会结构。
这种多元文化不仅体现在日常生活的方方面面，也反映在艺术、音乐、食物和节日庆典中。
12. 描述美国独立战争的背景和结果。
答案：美国独立战争（1775-1783年）是美国13个殖民地反抗英国统治的战争。
背景是英国对殖民地的经济压迫和政治控制，导致殖民地人民的不满。
结果是美国赢得了独立，建立了一个新的国家，即美利坚合众国。
四、论述题13. 论述美国梦的概念及其对美国社会的影响。
答案：美国梦是一个深植于美国文化中的概念，指的是通过努力工作和决心，每个人都有机会实现个人的成功和幸福。
这个概念强调了机会均等和个人主义的价值观。
美国梦对美国社会产生了深远的影响，激励了无数人追求更好的生活，促进了创新和创业精神。
美国文化网课答案
美国文化网课答案1、【判断题】镜像阶段理论常被用来探究意象再现或者意象扭曲的问题。
答案：正确2、【判断题】在中国古代,“国学”是指国家所办立的贵族弟子学校。
答案：正确3、【单选题】以下国家,()的社会福利政策最差。
A、英国B、荷兰C、德国D、美国答案：德国4、【判断题】在美国人看来物质财富的代价是勤奋。
答案：正确5、【判断题】美国人在社会阶级的划分上效仿欧洲。
答案：错误6、【判断题】乔姆斯基被认为是对美国外交政策持有右派批评的最有影响力的人物之一。
答案：×7、【单选题】“自由”这一字眼最早起源于()。
A、美国B、古巴西C、古中国D、古希腊答案：古希腊8、【单选题】在美国倾向于以()来划分阶层。
A、出身B、收入C、学历D、职业答案：收入9、【单选题】在中国“贤者举而推之”的思想可以最早追溯到()。
A、宋元时期B、魏晋时期C、两汉时期D、先秦时期答案：先秦时期10、【单选题】在美国的中小学到大学的课程中,()是排在第一位的外语。
A、日语B、法语C、阿拉伯语D、西班牙语答案：西班牙语11、【单选题】美国社会进入到飞速发展阶段是在()。
A、19世纪初B、20世纪初C、内战后D、世界第一次大战后答案：内战后12、【多选题】欧洲旧社会是存在阶级的社会,有贵族阶级和平民阶级,其中贵族阶级包括了()。
A、公B、侯C、伯D、仲答案：公; 侯; 伯13、【单选题】()也许是美国人最响亮、最根深蒂固的一种价值观。
A、自由B、公平C、正义D、民主答案：自由14、【判断题】美国人认为政治自由是以经济自由为基础的。
答案：√15、【单选题】一般来说,平等可以分为()、结果平等和机会平等。
A、交流平等B、平台平等C、起点平等D、资源平等答案：起点平等16、【多选题】()曾做过美国的总统。
A、华盛顿B、汉密尔顿C、富兰克林D、杰斐逊答案：华盛顿; 汉密尔顿; 富兰克林; 杰斐逊17、【判断题】欧美人最初将美国看作是奴役之邦与自由之邦并存的国度。
美国文化答案
5. The Supreme Court 6. Anglicans; Protestant Episcopalian 7. rigid adherence to doctrine 8. commercial advertising; the American competitive system 9. Protestants; Roman Catholics 10. the Baptists; the Methodists 11. the Latter Day Saints; the Churches of Christ; the United Church of Christ 12. fundamentalist
Answers to Test Paper 2
I. Choose the Correct Answer From Each of the Following CDCBB BACBA CACBA II. Fill in the Blanks 1. Jamestown, Virginia, 1607 2. New York 3. Lexington 4. tobacco 5. the Pilgrim; Mayflower
14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.
Reconstruction the Emancipation Proclamation General Lee the buffalo John D. Rockefeller Louis Sullivan huge combinations of corporations Progressivism; laissez-faire
5. impeachment 6. six; two 7. a two-thirds majority in both Houses 8. constituencies 9. a tax on property 10. eighteen 11. the people voting in referendums 12. the establishment of the legislative body; Fifth
美国社会与文化答案
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美国社会与文化期末考试及答案
Name: Student No.: Class:I.Brief-answer questions （本题满分35分）Passage OneEvery year, one American family in five moves to a new home. Most of these new homes are in the Sunbelt States, a nickname for the warm, sunny states of the South and Southwest. The Sun Belt has seen substantial population growth in recent decades, partly fueled by a surge in retiring baby boomers who migrate domestically, as well as the influx of immigrants, both legal and illegal. People are also moving because jobs and industries have shifted from Frostbelt to the Sunbelt. Known for its cold, frost-producing winters and heavy snowfall, the Frost Belt is generally considered to include the Northeastern United States, the Great Lakes Region and much of the Upper Midwest. For many years, the Frost Belt was the center of American economic activity, and the most populous part of the United States. However, in the past several decades, the Frost Belt had already been experiencing a stagnating population. For instance, the following states experienced the least population growth during the 1990s: District of Columbia (-5.7%), North Dakota (0.5%), West Virginia (0.8%), Pennsylvania (3.4%) and Connecticut (3.6%).This Frostbelt-Sunbelt Shift is also a shift from the previously economically and politically important Northeast to the South and West. Warmer climate, and a boom in the agriculture industry allowed for the southern third of the U.S.A. to grow by leaps and bounds economically. The climate stimulates not only agricultural growth but was also a haven for many retirees who set up retirement communities in places such as Florida and Arizona. Industries such as aerospace, defense and oil boomed in the Sun Belt. The oil industry helped propel many southern states such as T exas and Louisiana forward and tourism exploded in Florida and southern California.The economic emergence of the Sun Belt also had political ramifications. Since 1970, the Sun Belt has gained 25 electoral votes, which were shifted mainly from Northern and Midwestern states. In the next two decades, it is predicted some states will record stunning gains: Florida (+9 House seats), Texas (+8), and Arizona (+5), and the big losers are New York (-6), Ohio (-4), Pennsylvania (-4), and Illinois (-3). So the House and Electoral Vote gains and losses from region to region over the next few decades will be eye-catching, even spectacular and these figures will have enormous consequences for the economies of the various regions.1、According to the above passage, please draw rough borderlines on the U.S. map belowmarking the regions covered by Frostbelt and Sunbelt respectively. (本小题4分)2、Please categorize the following cities into Frostbelt cities (FC) and Sunbelt cities (SC).(本小题6分)Milwaukee __FC____ Austin ___SC____ Las Vegas ___SC_____Chicago ___FC____ Phoenix ___SC____ Buffalo ___FC______Houston ___SC____ Dallas __SC______ Cincinnati ___FC______ Kansas City __FC______ San Diego _____SC______ San Jose ___SC______3、Please list major factors which contribute to the rapid development of Sunbelt regions according to the above passage. (本小题4分)答：Warmer climate, and a boom in the agriculture industry allowed for the southern third of the U.S.A. to grow by leaps and bounds economically. The climate stimulates not only agricultural growth but was also a haven for many retirees who set up retirement communities in places such as Florida and Arizona. Industries such as aerospace, defense and oil boomed in the Sun Belt. The oil industry helped propel many southern states such as Texas and Louisiana forward and tourism exploded in Florida and southern California.4、How do you understand the bolded phrase “House seats”? Which House does the “House” in this passage specifically refer to? And why does the population growth or decline have an impact on the number of Seats? (本小题6分)答：Refers to the seats in the house of Representatives。
美国文化试题(基础题).docx
Culture Knowledge Contest(American Culture)August 31, 2014Part I Single-Choice QuestionsDirections: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question ・1. The strong American belief in individualism can be divided into idealism and ___________________ .[A ] realism [B] protestantism[C] materialism [D] volunteerism3. "Priesthood of all believers^^ means ____________ ・[A]every priest must be a devoted believer[B]every believer should confess to God through the priest[C]every believer is his or her own priest[D]every priest should be responsible for the believers4. Which of the following statements about American education is TRUE?[A]The majority of the private schools are associated with particular churches.[B| Religious schools that serve middle-class students receive money fromthe national government.[C] After twelve years of school, American students receive a bachelor's degree diploma at graduation.[DJ American schools attach the greatest importance to developing students9 academic skills.5. Which of the following statements about American Frontier is TRUE?[A]The frontier experience began in about 1890 and is still continuing in the American West today.[BJ There are two types of heroic rugged individualists: man against wilderness and man against man.[C] The settling of the frontier did little to affect the lives of the American Indians.| D ] The can-do spirit came from the willingness of the pioneers to work together on a cooperative project for the good of all.6. Most American people strongly believe in individual freedom, and therefore they do NOT like _____________ .[A]being self-reliant [B] making a lot of money[C] a big government [D] religious freedom7. The American saying "Say what you mean and mean what you say" reflects that American people value _____________ ・[A] competition [B] optimism[C] performances [D] assertiveness8. American culture is also a culture of its own and above everything else is most important.[A] diversity [B] individuality[C] nationality [D] unity9. One of the most important values associated with American Protestantism is the value of ____________ ・[A] self-improvement [B] equality of opportunity[C] optimism [D] rugged individualism11.The strong American belief in individualism has strengthened American's _____________ a nd hard work・[A] inventiveness [B] promptness[C] frankness [D] assertiveness12.In the U.S., the president can _____________ a bill from Congress, but the bill can still become law if at least _____________ of the members in each house vote for it when it is voted on again.[A]void, 1/3 [B] void, 2/3 [C] veto, 1/3 [D] veto, 2/313.Scholars who see the United States as a “salad bowl" emphasize______________________________ •[AJ the great extent of racial and ethnic assimilation[B]the distinct differences between racial and ethnic groups[C]the rapid growth of population[D]the great diversity in religious beliefs14.In American society, the "boomerang kids" refers to _____________ ・[A]the children living with the single parent[B]the children born in 1950s[C]the children returning home after graduation from college[D]the children living separately from their parents16.The presidential election in the United States is held every years.[A]2 [B]4 [C]6 [D]817.___________ was American，s first president.[A] George Washington [B] Thomas Jefferson[C] James Madison [D] Andrew Jackson18.The Cold War was the continuing state of conflict, tension and competition that existed after World War II. On the one side were the and its satellites, and on the other were the powers of the Western world under the leadership of the United States・[A] Germany [B] Cuba[C] the Soviet Union [D] Britain19.Child education in the United States is compulsory. The ages for compulsory education vary by state beginning at ages ______________ and ending at the ages of fourteen to eighteen.[C] six to eight [D] five to eight20.According to the US Constitution, Congress's essential function is to[A] declare laws [B] pass laws[C] make laws [D] execute laws21.The Senate is the upper chamber of Congress・ It consists of 100 members, with _______________ senators elected from each state, regardless of the size of the state's population..[A] one [B] two [C] three [D] four22.The history of the English language is divided into three periods・ The period from 1150 to 1500 is known as the ______________・[A] Old English period [B] Anglo-Saxon period[C] Middle English period [D] Modern English period23.The first permanent English settlement in North America was[A] Philadelphia [B] Plymouth[C] Jamestown [D] Boston24.____________ i s the symbol of the American Democratic Party・[A] The donkey [B]The bull[C] The bald eagle [D] The elephant25.Who is the only American president to have served more than two terms?[C] Franklin D. Roosevelt27. ____________ a re the two major political parties in the United States.[A | The Labor Party and the Independence Party[B] The Independence Party and the Republican Party[C] The Republican Party and the Labor Party[D| The Democratic Party and the Republican Party28・ The upper chamber of the American Congress is called[A] the House of Commons[B] the Parliament [C] the House of Representatives [D] the Senate31 ・ ___________ a popular tourist destination in Hollywood. Itcomprises more than 2,500 five-pointed stars which bear the names of a mix of actors, musicians, directors, producers, musical and theatrical groups, fictional characters, and others.[A] Hollywood Walk of Fame[B] Hollywood Boulevard [C] Universal Studios [D] Disneyland32. "A man is not made for defeat ・・・ A man can be destroyed but not defeated." From which novel is this passage taken?[A] In Our Time[B] A Farewell to Arms [C] The Old Man and the Sea [D] For Whom the Bell Tolls33. The national anthem of the United States is ・[A] Bill Clinton|B] George Washington[D] Abraham Lincoln[A] The Battle Hymn of the Republic[B] God Save the Queen[C] The Star-Spangled Banner[D] American Soldier34.___________ w as a singer, songwriter, actor, dancer, businessman, and philanthropist. He was called the King of Pop. He popularized a number of complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk ・[A] Michael Joseph Jackson [B] Bob Dylan[C] Beetles [D] Elvis Presley35 ・__________ is a street in Manhattan, New York. There are a lot of theatres at both sides of the street and it has become a synonym of musicals.[A] the 5th Avenue [B] Avenue de New-York[C] Park Avenue. [D] Broadway36. ____________ is often regarded as the greatest American woman poet and she wrote over 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time.[A] Anne Bradstreet [B] Robert Frost[C] Emily Bronte [D] Emily Dickinson40.__________ is an American syndicated talk show that aired nationally for 25 seasons from 1986 to 2011 and remains the highest-rated talk show in American television history.[A] Daily Show [B] Oprah Winfrey Show41. In America, ____________ are given to recognize outstanding work in the television industry.[A] Grammy Awards 42. __________ , located in New York City, is the largest art museum in the United States and one of the ten largest in the world ・[A] The Metropolitan Museum of Art[B] National Museum of American Art[C] Hirshhorn Museum[D] National Museum of Air and Space45 ・ __________ is a film about a German businessman who saved the lives of more than a thousand mostly Polish-Jewish refugees during the Holocaust by employing them in his factories.[A] The Pianist[B] Schindler's List [C] Sophie \ Choice[D] Pearl Harbor46. When is Halloween celebrated every year?[A] On October 31[B] On February 14 [D] On November 11 47. American Independence Day falls on[B] October 3148. Thanksgiving Day is originated in[B] Tony Awards[C] Academy Awards [D| Emmy Awards [C] On May 30[A] England [B] America [C] Scotland [D] Canada49.April FooFs Day began in ____________ .[A] America [B] Germany [C] France [D] Italy50.When first introduced to someone, one should address and be addressed as Miss, Ms., Mrs. or Mr. followed by the _____________ ・[A] first name [B] surname[C]nick name [D] middle name51.Among the five Great Lakes, only ______________ i s wholly within the United States.[A] Erie [B] Superior [C] Michigan [D] Huron52.If you are invited to a business lunch, ask _______________ what he or she recommends before placing your order, so that you will have an idea as to an appropriate price range for your meal.[A] the restaurant owner [B] the waiter[C] the chef [D] the host53.How many dimes is a US dollar?[A] 10 [B]5 [C] 25 [D]454.How many cents is a US quarter?[A] 10 [B] 5 [C] 25 [D]4 55・ Marriage in America is considered ____________ ・[A] more important to the parents [B] a pure religious affair56.When was Coca-Cola first created?[A] In 1765 [B] In 1885 [C] In 1925 [D] In 199557.The KFC (chain restaurants from the United States) is the abbreviation of which of the following?[A] Kentucky Fried CakefB] Kentucky Fried Chicken[C]Kentucky Frying Cake[D]Kentucky Frying Chicken58.Which number is unlucky in Western culture?[A] 7 [B] 8 [C] 13 [D] 1460.Handshaking is a popular tradition among professionals in America. Handshaking should be ____________ and last between 3・5 seconds・[A] extended [B] interrupted[C] light [D] firm61.There are ____________ states in the United States of America.[A] 46 [B]48 [C] 50 [D] 5262.____________ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.[A] Florida [B] Louisiana [C] Alaska [D] California63.____________ is known as the nation's "breadbasket” because of its abundant production of oats, wheat, and com.64.__________ is the coldest and deepest of the five Great Lakes.[A]Superior [B] Huron[C] Michigan [D] Ontario65・ Washington, the capital of the US, is on the ____________ river. [A]Delaware [B] St. Laurence[C] Hudson [D] Potomac66.The highest mountain in the U.S・ is Mount ___________ ・[A] Appalachian [B] Mekinley[C] Rocky [D] Great Smoky67.The 1970s and early 1980s saw the onset of stagflation. After his election in 1980, President ________________ responded to economic stagnation with free-market oriented reforms.[A] Jimmy Carter [B]Ronald Reagan[C] George Bush [D] Bill Clinton6& Seattle, a household name in many movies such as Sleepless in Seattle or Finding Mr. Right （北京遇上西雅图）、is a coastal seaport city in the state of ____________ ・[A] California [B] Massachusetts[C] Washington [D] New York70. ____________ h as developed a big steel-making industry and is the largest producer of iron and steel in the United States.[C] Pittsburgh [D] New Orleans71 ・__________ , bordering on Lake Erie, is a famous automobile town. It is the home of American gods: Ford, General Motors and Chrysler.[ A] Chicago [B] Detroit[C] Pittsburgh [D] New Orleans72. ____________ w as the first company to introduce assembly lines for mass production of cars.[A] General Motors [B] American Motors Corporation[C] Chrysler [D] Ford74. n Steve H Jobs (February 24, 1955 一October 5, 2011) is the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc., an American multinational corporation headquartered in the world-famous Silicon Valley in _____________ ・[A] California [B] Texas[C] Arizona [D] Florida75. Bill Gates, who formally dropped out of Harvard in his junior year, is the former chief executive and chairman of Microsoft Corporation, an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond,[A] Colorado [B] Ohio[C] Washington [D] Virginia78・ The Grand Canyon, a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado visually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape.[A]New Mexico [B] Wisconsin[C] Louisiana [D] Arizona79.As a prominent American landmark, the Golden Gate Bridge has been one of the most internationally recognized symbols of _______________ ・Ithas been declared one of the Wonders of the Modem World by the American Society of Civil Engineers・[A] Los Angeles [B] San Francisco[C] Washington D.C. [D] New York80.Already a huge tourist attraction and favorite spot for honeymooners,is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between Canada and the United States; more specifically, between the province of Ontario and the state of New York.[A] Iguasu Falls [B] Victoria Falls[C] Angel Falls [D] Niagara Falls81.____________ , widely held to be the first national park in the world,is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful Geyser, one of the most popular features in the park・[A] Yellowstone [B] Great Smoky Mountains[C] Grand Canyon [D] Yosemite82.In late ____________ , the NBA Playoffs （季后赛）begin..83.Broadcast on live TV to a world-wide audience, Armstrong stepped out of ____________ 11 onto the lunar surface and described the event as "one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.n[A]Challenger [B] Columbia [C] Apollo [D] Discovery84.____________ is the United States government agency that is responsible for the civilian space program as well as for aeronautics and aerospace research.[A]CIA [B] NACA [C] NASA [D] NSA85.All of the following festivals are of some religious nature except[A] Easter [B] Thanksgiving[C] Halloween [D] Memorial Day87.____________ is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time. He has been one of the highest-paid athletes in the world for several years.[A] n Tiger n Woods [B] Venus Williams[C] Michael Phelps [D] Jeremy Lin88.The US Open is a hardcourt _____________ t ournament which is held annually in late August and early September over a two week period.90. The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in _____________ .[A]San Francisco [B] Washington D.C.[C] Los Angels [D] New York CityPart II Multiple-Choice QuestionsDirections: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked [A]f [B], [C] and [D] are given. Choose the ones that you think best complete the statement or answer the question,1.The U.S. President can decide _____________ .[A]what foreign policies to make[B]who become the judges of the federal courts[C]whether the law is unconstitutional[D]who should be included in the cabinet2.The John Harvard statue is actually nicknamed the "statue of three lies" because of all the inaccuracies inscribed on it. They are[A]That isn?t John Harvard.[B]John Harvard wasn't the founder of Harvard University.[C]Harvard wasn't founded in 1638.[D]Harvard was originally called the New College・ And its mission was totrain clergy.3.Which of the following presidents had been impeached when they were in office?[A]Richard Nixon [B] Bill Clinton[C] Andrew Johns on. [D] Jimmy Carter4.Which two universities worked together to create a new non-profit venture…EDX?[A]Yale University [B] Stanford University[C] Massachusetts Institute of Technology [D] Harvard University6.English as a language borrowed a lot of words from the following languages: ____________ .[A] Latin [B] Greek [C] French [D] German7.Which of the following English words came from Chinese?[A] zebra [B] Tai Chi [C] ketchup [D] mahjong8.Which of the following are the descriptions of Uncle Sam?[A] He has long white hair and a beard・|B ] He wears a waistcoat and striped trousers・[C]He wears tall hat with a star.[D]He used to be an inspector of army supplies.10. We have different ways of saying “cheap". Which of the following phrases are right?[A]On sale [B] A good deal [C] A bargain [D] A steal12.The United States has one of the largest diplomatic presences of any nation. Only a few countries don't have formal diplomatic relations with the United States. They include ________________ .[A] Laos [B] Vietnam [C] North Korea [D] Cuba13.In most public schools and private schools in the United States, education is divided into three levels: _____________ ・[A]elementary school, [B] middle school[C] higher school [D] high school15.The possible reasons why many American parents would choose to homeschool their children are _____________ ・[AJ they wish to add religious instruction[B]they feel they can more effectively tailor a curriculum to suit an individual student's academic strengths and weaknesses[C]they can't afford a school[D]they feel that the negative social pressures of schools are harmful to a child's proper development16.Which of the following higher institutions are members of the Ivy League?[A] Yale University. [B] Columbia University[C] Harvard University [D] Princeton University17.Of the following words, which ones belong to British English?[C] elevator 18. British English and American English are two major geographical varieties of English spoken respectively in Great Britain and the United States. Their distinctions can be seen in the following aspects[A] pronunicaiton [D] vocabulary19. Suspicious of any power concentration, the framers of the American Constitution distributed power among the three branches of the federal government. The three branches are _____________ ・[A] Congress[B] the executive branch[C] the judicial branch[D] the supreme court20. The major powers of the American Congress include _____________・[AJ levying federal taxes[B] regulating commerce with foreign states and among states[C] declaring wars[D] deciding what government programs will receive funds21. Which of the following movies have won the Oscars? [D] lorry[B] spelling[C] grammar[A] Million Dollar Baby[B] Avatar[C] Schindler's List[D] Titanic22.The Sound of Music is a 1965 American musical film and it contains several popular songs including _____________ ・[A] “Edelweiss”[B] n My Favorite Things11[C] n Do-Re-Mi n[D] “The Sound of Music1123.Which of the following works are written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the best-known American authors of the 20th century?[A] The Sun Also Rises[B] The Old Man and the Sea[C] A Farewell to Arms[D] The Sound and The Fury24.Presley（猫王）is one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century. He left us many melodious songs such as _____________ ・[A] Love Me Tender[B] Always on My Mind[C] Only You[D] Heartbreak Hotel25.American actor and comedian Robin Williams died of an apparent suicide by hanging at his home in 2014. He starred in a number of fine films including _________________ .[A] Dead Poets Society[B] Chicago[C] The Terminal[D] Good Will Hunting （心灵捕于）26.Faulkner is one of the most important writers in American literature generally and Southern literature specifically ・ His works are[ A] Light in August[B]Absalom, Absalom[C]The Great Gatsby[D] The Sound and the Fury28. There are many museums in Washington D.C., such as[A]National Air and Space Museum[B]National Gallery of Art[C]National Museum of Natural History[D]Metropolitan Museum of Art30. ____________ a re Hollywood animation films.[A]Frozen[B]Dances with Wolves[C]Finding Nemo[D]The Terminal3 L The most traditional food of Thanksgiving Day dinner is[A] roast turkey [B] short cake[C] pumpkin pie [D] fried chicken33・ Which of the following are rules of dinning etiquette?[A] turning off cell phones [B] sitting up straight[C] putting elbows on the table [D] taking small bites34. To rent a car in the United States, you need to _____________ ・[A] be over 25 [B] have a driver's license36.Which of the following items are not permitted in carry-on and checked luggage when you travel by air in the United States?[A] Torch lighters [B] Sporting equipment[C] Laptops [D] Spray paint37.The dress code for professionals in the United States is a suit and tiefor men and a suit and dress for women. Traditional colors are preferred, such as ___________ .[A] pink [B] navy [C] gray [D] black38.Two rules for personal topics when meeting with American professionals are ______________ ・ This avoids any uncomfortable situations during a discussion.[A] no sports [B] no politics[C] no religion [D] no weather39.Many American professionals schedule meetings around a meal. are the most popular meal times during a meeting.[A] Breakfast [B] Brunch [C] Lunch [D] Dinner40.In America, there are certain ways to practice proper etiquette duringa conversation that will help ensure that you enjoy it just as much as the person that you*re conversing with. These include _____________ ・[A]avoiding interrupting the person that youTe conversing with[B]turning your phone off before engaging in a conversation with someone[C]looking the person whom you are talking to in the eye[D]speaking low enough so that you won't be overheard by people around you41.Situated in the central part of the North America Continent, the continental United States borders Canada on the north and reaches south to .[A] Mexico [B] Cuba [C] Brazil [D] the Gulf of Mexico43.The enormous growth of American economy has been attributed to many factors. Among them are ____________ ・[A] the size of America [B] its abundant resources[C] religious pluralism [D] American capitalism44.___________ used to be the mainstays of America's economy.[A] Chemistry [B] Automobile [C] Construction [D] Steel 45・ The four fundamental freedoms, which people "everywhere in the world^^ ought to enjoy, were goals articulated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on January 6, 1941. They include ______________________________ ・[A] freedom of speech [B] freedom of worship[C] freedom from want [D] freedom from war46.__________ are regarded as the greatest players in National Basketball Association (NBA) history・[A] Shaquille O'Neal [B] Scottie Pippen47.The Mississippi River is the largest river system in ________________ , about 2,320 miles (3,730 km).[A] the United States [B] Americas[C] the world [D] North America48.The two largest Chinatowns in U.S. are located in _____________ .[A] New York [B] Chicago[C] Miami [D] San Francisco50. America, walled by ____________ , has been said to be a nation with an abundance of geography but a shortage of history.[A] the Atlantic Ocean [B] the Indian Ocean[C] the Pacific Ocean [D] the Arctic OceanPart III True or FalseDirections: Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)・( )l.The Statue of Liberty was presented by the people of France tothe people of the United States when the new country was founded・( )2.Harward University was founded in 1638・( )3.Ronald Reagan was the only actor to become president of the United States.( )6. In 1961, the American Congress adopted Uncle Sam as the national symbol.( )7. "I come, I see, I conquer" was said by Julius Caesar.( )8. We say American politics is based on a two-party system because there are only two parties in the United States・( )9. The members of the National Security Council include the President, the Vice President, and the Secretaries of State and Defense. ( )10. American public schools are locally controlled, free from religious influence and publicly supported by taxes・( )11. In the United States, the public schools are supported by taxes paid by the adults who have children attending schools.( )12. The Congress represents the nation as the head of state, symbolizing national unity and speaking on behalf of the American people to the world.( )14. Although Columbus was not the first to discover the New World, his landing in the New World in 1492 is important: it ushered in an era of unprecedented European exploration and settlement of the Americas. ( )15. The US education system uses the common numerical grading system as is used in many other countries.( )18. Country music is a genre of American popular music that originated in_Northem United States in the 1920s・( )19. Meryl Streep is widely regarded as one of the greatest film actresses of all time. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her roles in Roman Holiday in 2011.( )20. Whitney Houston acted in the movie The Bodyguard, and the song in the movie_A/y Heart will Go On was known by the world.( )21. “Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you're gonna get." is from the movie Forrest Gump.( )22. Washington Irving is the father of American Literature.( )23. The Washington Monument is located in Philadelphia to commemorate George Washington, the first American President.( )24.Tony Awards are given to recognize the excellent work in theatre and are considered the highest U.S. theatre honor.( )26. The Great Gatsby is written by Jack London.( )27. Sleeping Beauty is the first full-length cel (帧，动画用语) animated feature film and the earliest in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series.( )2&The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated in 1620.( )29. It is appropriate to groom yourself at the table when you are having a business dinner.( )30. Easter Day occurs on the first Sunday after the full moon following the spring equinox. It is originally the day to commemorate the Resurrection of Jesus Christ・( )31. Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also knownby his initials, MJ, played 15 seasons in the National Basketball Association(NBA) for the Chicago Bulls and Washington Wizards.( )33. The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), the highest level of professional football in the United States, culminating a season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year.( )34. The total area of America is some 9.62 million square kilometers, which makes it the second largest country in the world.( )35. America has a population of about 318 million, the majority of which are descendents of the European immigrants.( )36. The robin is both the national bird and national animal of the United States, and is an enduring symbol of the country itself.( )38. On the one hand, the United States is the world*s largest producer of natural gas and crude oil; on the other hand, it is also the world's largest consumer of petroleum.( )39. Soccer is as popular in the United States as in many other nations ・( )40. Christianity is by far the most common religion practiced in the United States.( )41. New York is the most populous city in the United States and the home of the United Nations Headquarters.( )43. Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is located in the mid-A什antic region of the U.S. West Coast.)44. The national flower of the United States is rose.( )45. The Amazon River is nicknamed by the “father of water” or "Old man River".( )46. The most important source of law is the government.( )47. Hollywood is located in the central region of Los Angeles, California.( )48. The Congress is the head of the judicial branch of America. ( )49. The northeastern part is the most densely populated region in AmericaPart IV MatchDirections: Match the cities in Column A with their nicknames in Column B.Column A Column B1. New York [A] Motor City2. Los Angeles [B] Space City of U.S.A3. Philadelphia [C] City of Angels4. Detroit [D] Big Apple5. New Orleans [E] the City that Never Sleeps6. Houston [F] the City by the Bay7. San Francisco [G] Birthplace of America8. Las Vegas [H] Birthplace of JazzPart V Filling in the BlanksDirections: Complete the following blanked sentences with one or more。
西南石油大学美国文化概要答案
西南石油大学美国文化概要答案
我们中国人强调团结，不搞个人色彩，美国主要是强调个人价值，追求民主自由，崇尚开拓和竞争，讲求理性和实用，其核心是个人中心主义，追求个人价值的最终实现。
它调动了个人的积极性，使许多人的智慧和潜力得以充分发挥，从而促进整个民族与国家的振兴和发展。
美国的概念产品是指美国的商店出售的一些东西，这些东西具有独特的方面，很能吸引观众购买，这些概念产品，属于美国企业的创造。
每一个产品都有他独特的方面，会促使消费者进行购买，因此在这里你总可以买到一些不一样的东西。
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对外经济贸易大学远程教育学院2009-2010学年第一学期《美国文化》期末考试大纲期末复习大纲本复习大纲适用于本学期(2009-2010学年第一学期)的期末考试。
一、期末考试形式、复习范围及重点1.考试形式美国文化期末考试以开卷考试的形式考查同学们的学习情况。
2. 考试范围期末考试考查教材全部内容,共十二单元, 即Unit1-Unit12。
教材：对外经济贸易贸易大学远程教育系列教材《美国文化》(American Cultural Heritage) 范悦编著对外经济贸易大学出版社3. 复习重点复习内容以教材各单元Section II中的课文为主。
在复习时，请同学们认真阅读、理解和掌握课文讲解部分, 即教材每单元Section II：Text所涉及的全部内容。
二、期末考试题型本次期末考试分为以下两种题型：1. 单项选择题(40%)这部分测试大家对教材十二个单元(Unit 1- Unit 12) 有关美国文化各相关主题基本知识点的掌握情况。
关于这部分的复习，请大家认真阅读、理解和掌握Unit 1- Unit 12各单元Section II所涉及的全部内容。
单项选择题共二十道，每单元一至三道题。
题目按教材各单元的顺序依次排列，以方便同学们查找和复习相关内容。
每道题的句子皆出自Section II的原文，所以请大家复习时要通读Section II的所有文章，注意上下文的意思，不要断章取义，否则答题时无法选出正确的答案。
2. 判断题(60%)这部分考查大家对教材课文要点的理解情况。
由于期中考试测试了同学们对教材前六单元（即Unit 1-Unit 6）课文的理解情况，请同学们准备期末考试判断题部分时，仅复习教材后六单元(即Unit 7- Unit 12)的课文。
请大家仔细阅读教材后六单元Section II的所有文章。
判断题共三十道, 按教材各单元的顺序依次排列，同学们可以通过每道题的关键词很快查找到其出现的相关单元。
每道题都紧扣教材原文或在原文基础上略做改动，大家阅读原文后不难判断句子的对错。
三、期末考试复习要求由于期末作业题全部紧扣教材各单元Section II的原文，请大家复习时集中精力认真阅读和理解教材原文。
如在理解各单元Section II的原文中有具体问题，请大家通过答疑信箱提问。
期末复习思考题以下复习思考题适用于本学期(2009-2010学年第一学期)的期末考试。
所列题目为期末考试的模拟题，由于题目都紧扣教材原文或在原文基础上略做改动，故不提供答案。
I. 单项选择题1.Many political and social issues in the United States are ______and for whichthere is no absolute right and wrong.A. competitiveB. conflictingC. competingD. controversial2.Countercultures are groups of people whose values reject the ______wisdom andstandards of behavior of the majority and provide alternatives to mainstream culture.A. popularB. massC. commonD. conventional3.______ are broad cultural principles embodying ideas about what most people in asociety consider to be desirable.A. TraditionsB. BeliefsC. ValuesD. Customs4.Countercultures are groups of people whose values reject the conventionalwisdom and standards of behavior of the majority and provide alternatives to ______ culture.A. traditionalB. mainstreamC. popularD. mass5.The United States ______ Alaska and Hawaii stretches across central NorthAmerica from the Atlantic Ocean on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west, and from Canada on the north to Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.A. includesB. includingC. excludingD. excludes6.Philadelphia is important in American history, because the Declaration ofIndependence and the ______ of the United States were born here.A. Articles of ConfederationB. ConstitutionC. CongressD. Senate7.One group of Puritans, called the “Pilgrims,”crossed the Atlantic in the ship__________ and settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.A. Queen MaryB. Queen VictoriaC. MayflowerD. King George8. In 1607 the London Company set up the first successful English colony at Jamestown in what is now southern ______.A. GeorgiaB. MassachusettsC. PlymouthD. Virginia9.In the ______ period, the Puritans introduced two practices that still influenceAmerican education: compulsory education for all children, and public taxation for schools.A. colonyB. colonizedC. ColonialD. colonist10.On April 19, 1775, the British soldiers confronted the colonists at ________,which marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War.A. PhiladelphiaB. New YorkC. BostonD. Lexington11.In 1776 _______ published Common Sense, which sold about 100,000 copies inthree months and greatly influenced colonial opinion toward independence.A. Thomas JeffersonB. James MadisonC. Thomas PaineD. John Adams12. In the early years of the nation, Americans felt that they had a ______mission—to make their unique political system, economic structure, and social values a model for the world to follow.A. divineB. nobleC. sacredD.religious13.In the early years of the nation, Americans felt that they had a divine mission—______Destiny to make their unique political, economic and social system a model for the rest of the world to follow.A. HolyB. MajesticC. GodlyD. Manifest14.The Baptists, divided into 20 groups, are currently the largest _______denomination in America.A. ChristianB. Eastern OrthodoxC. CatholicD. Protestant15.More than 50 million Americans are of the Roman ______ faith, and the majorityof them are descendants of immigrants from Ireland, Italy and Poland.A. OrthodoxB. PuritanC. ProtestantD. Catholic16. ______ believe that accounts of creation, miracles and everything else in the Bible are the literal truth, and that salvation comes only through a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.A. CatholicsB. ProtestantsC. EvangelicalsD. Christians17.From the very beginning as a nation, American people enjoyed complete religiousfreedom guaranteed______ the Constitution.A. withB. byC. toD. from18.The development of American education was greatly influenced by the ______who believed that every child should be educated so that he could read the Bible.A. ProtestantsB. CatholicsC.PuritansD. Christians19. From the very beginning as a nation, American people enjoyed complete ______freedom guaranteed by the Constitution.A. socialB. economicC. politicalD. religious20. In the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision of 1954, Chief Justice EarlWarren ruled that the separate but equal doctrine had ______place in America’s public educational structure and that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.A. anyB. notC. noD. a21.In 1852, ________ passed the first compulsory education law in the United States.A. GeorgiaB. VirginiaC. MaineD. Massachusetts22. About 93 percent of the school revenue in the United States comes from the locallevel, ______ from property taxes.A. probablyB. practicallyC. particularlyD. primarily23. With the Civil Rights movement and the Women’s Liberation movement in the 1960s and 1970s, colleges also increased enrollment of women and ______students.A. AsianB. African AmericanC. IndianD.minority24. Perhaps the most controversial measure taken to achieve school_______ inAmerica has been by busing students to schools outside their local neighborhoods.A. performanceB. integrationC. unityD. integrity25. The “land grant” colleges created by the Morrill Act in 1862 originallyemphasized agriculture and mechanics, but over time they broadened their offerings to include liberal arts, sciences, ______, and professional courses.A. humanitiesB. humanityC. humanitariansD. humanitarian26. Many of the Founding Fathers ______the “republic of science” notion in Europe.A. enrolledB. enrichedC. enlargedD. endorsed27.American scientists were very much involved in everyday affairs and stressed the______ side of science and linked their scientific discoveries closely to technological developments.A. theoreticalB. socialC. pragmaticD. economic28. Earth First — a radical environmental organization founded by Dave Foreman,use extreme tactics to ______ those who abuse the environment.A. destroyB. punishC. confrontD. conflict29. The development of ______ technology has created a media age in America, inwhich communication is instantaneous and the news is omnipresent.A. electronicB. newsC. informationD. transmission30. The first significant role the press played in the United States is that of asignaler—alerting the public_______ important developments as soon as possible after they happen.A. byB. ofC. withD. to31. The objective and unbiased approach of the New York Times _______to educatedreaders particularly, and by the early 20th century it had acquired a reputation as the country’s best newspaper.A. appealedB. attractedC. addressedD. applied32. Some magazines such as Reader’s Digest, Lady’s Home Journal, etc. that _______Americans’ increasing leisure time and appetite for consumer goods have won the largest readership.A. satisfiedB. catered toC. motivatedD. created33. The early American press was tied to the political parties and the news theyprinted was just a form of party ______.A. policyB. promotionC. propagandaD. debate34. ______businesses are highly responsive companies and can handle chores thatpeople would automatically have done for themselves even a decade ago.A. LocalB. PettyC. MiniD. Small35. The American government guides private businesses by regulating the ______andconsumption of their goods and services.A. saleB. distributionC. transportationD. transport36. Because of its ______nature, no one knows the exact size of the undergroundeconomy.A. subversiveB. subterraneanC. mysteriousD. hidden37. To avoid taxes, many Americans______their income every year.A. uncoverB. hideC. underreportD. enclose38. In the 1930s, Indian tribes were urged to legally incorporate, to adopt a ______form of constitutional government, and to establish business enterprise.A. moderateB. rectifiedC. modifiedD. simplified39. When the need for Chinese labor declined in the late nineteenth century, ______workers viewed Chinese immigrants as competitors for scarce jobs.A. whiteB. blackC. MexicanD. union40. About three-fourth Native Americans live in or very near to ______, mostlylocated in the West.A. natural parksB. reservationsC. mountainsD. plains41. As more European immigrants arrived, they began to regard the ______Americans with their land and population as obstacles to their westward expansion.A. MexicanB. AboriginalC. NativeD. African42. In ______, when the first U.S. census was taken, 78 percent of the populationclaimed descent from England, Scotland, or Wales.A. 1770B. 1780C. 1776D. 179043. In 1924, ______ passed the Immigration Act and established immigration quotasbased on country of origin.A. the Supreme CourtB. the HouseC. CongressD. the Senate44. The term Hispanic Americans refers to Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans,Cubans, and other groups from Central and South American countries that have a Spanish ______.A. ancestryB. languageC. cultureD. heritage45. After the end of World War II, the American government finally recognized theinjustice of the ______ of the Japanese Americans during the war and made amends.A. punishmentB. mistreatmentC. internmentD. cruelty46. The term Hispanic Americans refers to Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans,Cubans, and other groups from Central and South American countries that have a ______ heritage.A. SpanishB. EnglishC. MexicanD. Latin47. Today, in the minds of most Americans, the American family has meant ______family, consisting of parents and their children who live apart from other kin.A. an extendedB.a nuclearC. a smallD. a modern48. The increase in the ______ rate has led to the creation of the blended family, inwhich at least one member of the adult couple is a stepparent.A. marriageB. remarriageC. divorceD. both A and B49. In 1993, the Clinton ______ passed the Family and Medical Leave Act to relievethe stress among dual-employed couples.A. administrationB. cabinetC. CongressD. office50. As the prevalence of ______abuse has come to be more widely known, thegovernment has taken steps to alleviate the problem.A. maritalB.domesticC. spouseD. family51. Congress can ______a presidential veto of its legislationA. overrideB. overwhelmC. overthrowD. overcome52. Congress can ______and remove a president in the United States.A. accuseB. sueC. impeachD. charge53. Each branch of the American government can check the action of another andsometimes all branches work together to reach ______.A. a decisionB. a compromiseC. an agreementD. a solution54. The distribution of electoral votes among the states ______every ten yearsdepending on the results of the U.S. Census.A. movesB. increasesC. variesD. fluctuates55. Of the various ______agencies in America, the CIA is the most prominent.A. secretB. intelligenceC. informationD. espionage56. President Bill Clinton took great pains to strengthen Sino-U.S. ties during hiseight years in the White House. And on September 19, 2000, Congress ______ permanent normal trade status for China.A. allowedB. admittedC. approvedD. accepted57. The Department of State, as a ______ organization helps make, execute andmonitor American foreign policy throughout the world.A. militaryB. legislativeC. diplomaticD. executive58. ______ supplied a focus to American foreign policy in the Cold War era.A. ConfrontationB. CompetitionC. ContainmentD. Confinement59. To uproot terrorism in the Middle East, the United States has been trying to brokera permanent peace settlement between ______ and the Arab states.A. IsraelB. IraqC. KuwaitD. Afghanistan60. The United States established full diplomatic relations with the Peopl e’s Republicof China during the ______ administration.A. ReaganB. CarterC. KennedyD. NixonII. 判断题61. At the end of the 19th century, a new style of reporting —“objective journalism”emerged as a way of building up circulation.62. To many American readers, the most entertaining part of the newspaper is the comic strip.63. The United States has a national press or newspaper such as The New York Times with a mass national circulation like The Times and The Daily Telegraph in Britain or the leading papers in other countries.64. The employment distribution in the United States has dramatically switched from blue-collar in the direction of white-collar work.65. In practice, the current form of economy in the United States is a free market economy, in which private enterprises and state-owned businesses compete andoperate without the limits set by the government.66. Temporary or contingent workers refer to those who are hired by companies on a part-time, short-term, or contract basis to replace full-time employees.67. “Baby boomers” refer to the generation of Americans who were born between the close of World War II and 1964.68. The manufacturing sector has remained the backbone of the American economy since the end of the Second World War.69. With more and more women and immigrants joining the labor market, white American men will no longer dominate the business world.70. Recently American businesses have become more competitive by hiring many new workers and enlarging their companies.71. In the 21st century white Americans will remain the largest share of the increase in the American workforce.72. Of the hundreds of thousands of businesses and tens of thousands of corporations in America, a mere 500 popularly known as the Wealth 500 dominate the economy.73. Today, white Americans are no longer a numerical majority of the population.74. Generally speaking, western European immigrants are more readily merged into the rest of American society than nonwhite ethnic groups, such as Asians or Hispanics who are more likely to retain the language and the customs of their original culture. 75. The Catholic Americans have dominated the American political, economic system and social values for many centuries.76. No minority group has suffered more at the hands of the dominant white population in the United States than the Hispanic Americans.77. The term WASPs stands for White Anglican-Saxon Protestants.78. African Americans have been called the “model minority” in the United States due to their success in education and business.79. In 1882 the American government passed the Japanese Exclusion Act that prohibited the entry of Japanese immigrants into the United States for ten years.80. After the Civil War, African-Americans in the South lived in a social system where many continued to be second-class citizens.81. In 1984, Jesse Jackson, a black leader became the first African American to run for president of the United States.82. After the Civil Rights movement, African Americans have made remarkable progress, especially in the political arena.83. Since the 1970s, the civil rights legislation and other government programs have broadened the gap between whites and blacks in terms of income, average years of schooling, and employment.84. After the Reconstruction period, Southern whites regained control of major political and economic institutions.85. The Civil Rights demonstrations of the 1930s led to the eventual passage of laws to protect the rights of black Americans.86. After the Reconstruction period, the practice of “Jim Crow” laws— a set of legal and traditional discriminatory practices barred blacks from voting, using public facilities, attending schools with whites, and associating with whites.87. Black unemployment rate in the 1990s were the same as that of white unemployment.88. Currently, Puerto Ricans are the largest Hispanic group in the United States.89. The earliest Asian arrivals to the United States were the Chinese, who began immigrating to California during the Gold Rush of 1849.90. One of the most prominent black leaders during the Civil Rights movement was Martin Luther King, Jr., who used the nonviolent strategy—civil obedience to break down segregation in the South.91. Currently the United States has the highest divorce rate in the world.92. In spite of enormous changes in American family, most Americans remain devoted to family and still believe strongly in the importance of marriage and the family. 93. Of all family types, single-parent families have increased most rapidly during the past few decades.94. Having faith in God and respecting authority are two of the traditional American family values.95. In the United States female single parents and their children suffer from insufficient economic resources.96. Respecting one’s children and l iving up to one’s potential as an individual are two of the traditional American family values.97. Today, the majority of American households still consist of a married couple with two children.98. Although Gallup polls in the late 1990s showed young adults more accepting of gay and lesbian families, many Americans still consider homosexual marriage illegitimate.99. During the 1950s, the typical woman was 21 years old when she married for the first time and the typical man was 23 years old.100. Many people feel that the federal government has done enough in assisting working parents.101. The U.S. Congress has become the ultimate decision maker when it comes to deciding what the seven thousand words in the constitution mean and how they should be applied.102. The Constitution of the United States is the oldest written constitution in the world today.103. Judicial preview refers to the power of US courts to invalidate actions undertaken by the legislative and executive branches of government.104. The U.S. Constitution has been amended 27 times.105. The president of the United States has the power to make official treaties with foreign government without the approval of Congress.106. After 1776, there was a division over the nature of constitutional government itself, and formed the basis for the Federalist and Antifederalist parties.107. Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president in 1930 and re-elected in 1934, 1938 and 1942.108. American political campaigns are extravagant and expensive events.109.The American president can call special sessions of Congress.110. From the election of Abraham Lincoln until the election of Theodore Roosevelt in 1932, the Republicans won but four presidential elections.111. The delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1787 brought with them two important sets of influences: their political culture and their political experience. 112. The presidential campaigns in America have changed from being centered on the party to being centered on the candidate.113. The Bill of Rights explains the rights of Congress and the rights of the president. 114. Franklin D. Roosevelt used his enormous personal appeal to unify the Republican Party under his leadership.115. The Electoral College was devised as a compromise between having presidents elected by the Senate or by the House.116. In the United States, the president plays a leading role in the application of foreign policy.117. The Department of State is also called the Pentagon.118. In 1993, Clinton pushed an important trade agreement through Congress— the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and created the largest free trade zone in the world.119. The director of CIA is appointed by the president with the confirmation of the Senate and reports directly to the president.120. The American involvement in Vietnam began in the Truman administration.（请和本学期大纲对照，答案仅供参考）：1-5 DDCBB 6-10ACCBD 11-15CBACD 16-20DBDDC 21-25DDDDA 26-30DABCB 21-35ACCDB 36-40BCCDD 41-45BDCAB 46-50DBDBB 51-55CBCCD 56-60CBCAD61-65FTFFF 66-70TTFTT 71-75TFFTT 76-80FTTFT 81-85TTFFF86-90TFTFT 91-95TFTTT 96-100FFTFT 101-105FTFFF 106-110TFTFT 111-115TTFTT 116-120TFFFF。