英语语法:不定式完成进行式与完成被动式的一些用法

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详解动词不定式的五种

详解动词不定式的五种

详解动词不‎定式的五种‎“式”不定式根据‎其发生的时‎间不同以及‎所处的状语‎的不同,可以有一般‎式、完成式、进行式、完成进行式‎,同时根据它‎与逻辑主语‎的关系的不‎同,可以有主动‎式和被动式‎。

如下表:一、不定式一般‎式的用法1. 表示未发生‎的动作即表示发生‎在谓语动作‎之后的动作‎。

如:I expec‎t him to arriv‎e tomor‎r ow. 我预计他明‎天到达。

I hope to catch‎an early‎train‎.我希望赶上‎早班火车。

The docto‎r advis‎e d me to take a compl‎e te rest. 医生建议我‎完全休息。

2. 表示同时发‎生的动作即表示与谓‎语动作同时‎发生或略先‎于谓语动作‎的动作。

如:Who heard‎him say that? 是谁听到他‎这样说的?(say与h‎e ard几‎乎同时发生‎) I‟m‎sorry‎to hear that. 听到这事我‎很难过。

(to hear 略先于am‎sorry‎)3. 表示一般情‎况即看不出动‎作的先后关‎系,而是表示一‎种情况或现‎象。

如:Washi‎n g the car seems‎to be your main hobby‎.擦洗汽车似‎乎是你的主‎要爱好。

None of her many lover‎s seeme‎d to want to marry‎her. 在她的许多‎情人中似乎‎没有一个愿‎意娶她的。

二、不定式进行‎式的用法1. 表示同时进‎行即表示与谓‎语动作同时‎发生且正在‎进行的动作‎。

如:He seems‎to be follo‎w ing us. 他似乎在跟‎着我们。

He prete‎n ded to be looki‎n g for a book. 他假装在找‎书。

I happe‎n ed to be looki‎n g out of the windo‎w when they arriv‎e d. 他们到达时‎我碰巧正向‎窗外望去。

详解动词不定式的五种

详解动词不定式的五种

详解动词不定式的五种“式”不定式根据其发生的时间不同以及所处的状语的不同,可以有一般式、完成式、进行式、完成进行式,同时根据它与逻辑主语的关系的不同,可以有主动式和被动式。

如下表:一、不定式一般式的用法1. 表示未发生的动作即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。

如:I expect him to arrive tomorrow. 我预计他明天到达。

I hope to catch an early train. 我希望赶上早班火车。

The doctor advised me to take a complete rest. 医生建议我完全休息。

2. 表示同时发生的动作即表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作。

如:Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的?(say与heard几乎同时发生)I’m sorry to hear that. 听到这事我很难过。

(to hear 略先于am sorry)3. 表示一般情况即看不出动作的先后关系,而是表示一种情况或现象。

如:Washing the car seems to be your main hobby. 擦洗汽车似乎是你的主要爱好。

None of her many lovers seemed to want to marry her. 在她的许多情人中似乎没有一个愿意娶她的。

二、不定式进行式的用法1. 表示同时进行即表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作。

如:He seems to be following us. 他似乎在跟着我们。

He pretended to be looking for a book. 他假装在找书。

I happened to be looking out of the window when they arrived. 他们到达时我碰巧正向窗外望去。

2. 表示将来正如可用进行时态表示将来意义一样,不定式的进行式有时也可表示将来。

英语动词不定式的完成体解读

英语动词不定式的完成体解读

英语动词不定式的完成体解读动词不定式的时态上可分为三种,即:一般式to do,to be done;进行式to be doing;完成式to have done,to have been done;完成进行式to have been doing。

下面谈谈不定式的完成体。

一、动词不定式的完成体(1)如果不定式表示的动作是瞬间动作时,它表示一个在现在或过去某时之前已经完成的动作;如果是延续性动词,它表示一个一直持续到现在或过去某时的动作。

A.常见的可接不定式的完成体的有:happen,see,appear,prove,pretend,seem等。

例如:They seem to have experienced a destructive earthquake.他们似乎已经历了一场毁灭性的地震。

(表示事情已经发生)My grandmother appeared to have lived a happy life.我奶奶似乎一直过得很幸福。

(她的幸福生活一直持续到现在)B.常见的可用于“主语 + be said + to have done/been”,相当于主动句“People say that ...”,类似的结构有:be reported /thought/supposed/expected/believed/c onsidered/known等。

例如:Her husband is said to have given up smoking.据说她丈夫已经戒烟了。

(戒烟发生在“据说”之前)The young girl is reported to have served the club for five years.据说那个小姑娘已经在这个俱乐部服役五年了。

(不定式表示谓语动作所处的状态)C.常见的可以接不定式完成体的形容词有:glad,happy,sad,disappointed,satis fied,sorry,surprised等。

不定式被动式

不定式被动式

Active Voice
Passive Voice
The Perfect
1.Bob pretended not __me.
A. to have heard B. to hear
C. Hearing
D. heard
A
2.I hurried to the meeting hall, only __ that the meeting had been put off.
二、语法重点:不定式被动式
不定式有时态和语态的变化,时态共4种,即一般式、完成式、进行 式和完成进行式。语态分为主动与被动语态两种,如下表所示。
语态 时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
to do
to be done
完成式
to have done to have been done
进行式
to be doing
动词不定式的完成式 (Perfect Infinitive)
结构即: “to + have +动词的过去分词”,表示 动作在谓语表示的动作(状态)之前完成。如:
I am happy to have found many things I can do.
She seems to have forgotten what she was looking for.
时间 (时态)
VERB
(INFINITI VE)
主体 &
对象 (语态)
不定式的时态有一般时、完成时、进行时和完成
进行时四种,常用的为前三种。
1. 一般时: 动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生 或在之后发生。 如: I plan to attend the meeting. 我计划参加这次会 议。 2. 完成时 :动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 如: I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 很抱歉让 你久等了。 3. 进行时 :动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 如: They are said to be working hard. 据说他们工 作得很努力。

动词不定式时态的用法

动词不定式时态的用法

动词不定式时态的用法动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,由“to +动词原形”构成。

它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。

动词不定式的时态有一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式,下面我们来详细了解一下它们的用法。

一、一般式(to do)动词不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生。

1、表示将来的动作例如:“I have a lot of work to do tomorrow”(明天我有很多工作要做。

)这里的“to do”表示将来要做的工作。

2、用于某些动词后作宾语常见的这类动词有:want, hope, wish, decide, plan, expect 等。

比如:“She wants to buy a new dress”(她想买一件新裙子。

)3、作定语“There is nothing to worry about”(没什么可担心的。

)“to worry about”修饰“nothing”,表示“可担心的事情”。

4、目的状语“We come here to learn English”(我们来这里是为了学英语。

)“to learn English”表示来这里的目的。

二、进行式(to be doing)动词不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行。

例如:“He seems to be waiting for someone”(他似乎在等什么人。

)“to be waiting”与“seems”同时发生。

这种形式用得相对较少,通常在某些特定的语境中使用,以强调动作正在进行。

三、完成式(to have done)动词不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。

1、表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或计划比如:“I intended to have written to you, but I was too busy”(我本打算给你写信的,但我太忙了。

动词不定式的结构及用法

动词不定式的结构及用法

动词不定式的结构及用法 源自动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征. 否定式:not + (to) do (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后. 例如: I'm glad to meet you. He seems to know a lot. We plan to pay a visit. He wants to be an artist. The patient asked to be operated on at once. The teacher ordered the work to be done. (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如: The boy pretended to be working hard. He seems to be reading in his room. (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如: I regretted to have told a lie. I happened to have seen the film. He is pleased to have met his friend. 2.不定式的句法功能: (1)作主语: To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式: It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart. 常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。 (2)作表语: Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold. (3)作宾语: 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如: I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如: He gave us some advice on how to learn English. (4)作宾语补足语: 在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如: With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema. 有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如: I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. (5)作定语: 动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系: ①动宾关系: I have a meeting to attend. 注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如: He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. What did you open it with? 如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词: He has no place to live. This is the best way to work out this problem. 如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式: Have you got anything to send? Have you got anything to be sent? ②说明所修饰名词的内容: We have made a plan to finish the work. ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语: He is the first to get here. (6)作状语: ①表目的: He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致: wrong:To save money, every means has been tried. right:To save money, he has tried every means. wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. ②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果): He arrived late only to find the train had gone. I visited him only to find him out. ③表原因: They were very sad to hear the news. ④表程度: It's too dark for us to see anything. The question is simple for him to answer. (7)作独立成分: To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked. (8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。 If you don't want to do it, you don't need to. (9)不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to。 He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.

动词不定式6种用法

动词不定式6种用法

动词不定式6种用法
动词不定式6种用法:
1、不定式的一般式:动词不定式一般式即to+动词原形。

所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,但在多数情况下,是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,不定时一般式与句子主语、宾语或for sb to do sth。

结构中的介词宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。

2、不定式的完成式:即to have+过去分词。

动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语或宾语。

3、不定式的进行式:to be+现在分词。

动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中,而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

4、不定式的否定式:动词不定式的否定式是由not+动词不定式构成。

5、不定式的被动式:当不定时的被动式逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,用不定时的被动形式,即to be done或to have been done。

6、to代替整个不定式:如果句子前面出现过同样的动词,为避免重复,句子后边的不定式应省略动词原形及其后续部分,只保留不定式的符号to。

英语语法:不定词的被动态,进行式,完成不定式

英语语法:不定词的被动态,进行式,完成不定式

不定词的被动态,进行式,完成不定式不定词的被动态 => to be P.P.1.I like to teach.翻译:我喜欢教书。

I like to be taught.翻译:我喜欢被教导。

2.There is a lot to do yet.翻译:还有很多事情要做。

There is a lot to be done yet.翻译:还有很多事情要做。

这两句话只是表达方式不同,都是一样的意思。

不定词的进行式 => to be Ving他们似乎正在等我们。

They seem to be waiting for us.Wait for me.翻译:等等我。

完成不定式 => to have P.P.表示比述语动词(表示时态的那个动词)更早的时间。

1.The child seems to be sick.=> It seems that the child is sick.翻译:这孩子似乎生着病。

seem 和appear 都可以翻译成“似乎”,后面接不定词或形容词。

2.The child seems to have been sick.=> It seems that the child was(has been) sick.这句的述语动词seems 是现在式,那么to have P.P. 表示比它更早的时间就是过去式was或完成式has+V。

翻译:这个小朋友之前有生过病。

是这个小朋友现在看起来不是很健康,推断之前他可能生过病,大病一场导致现在看起来脸黄黄的。

现在完成式和过去有相关,从过去发生并持续到现在。

3.He seemed to have spent the money yesterday.=> It seemed that he had spent the money yesterday.翻译:昨天他似乎早就把钱花光了。

看来他花钱比昨天更早之前。

过去的过去用过去完成式。

动词不定式经典用法大全

动词不定式经典用法大全

动词不定式不定式定义:由to+动词原形构成。

不定式是一种非限定性动词。

而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词,可分为不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。

“动词不定式”由动词+不定式构成。

动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。

动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。

目录时态、语态介绍(1)语态(2)时态疑问词+不定式结构语法功能一、作主语二、作宾语三、作补语四、作表语五、作状语介词六、作定语省to的动词不定式介绍典型例题否定式not to do..特殊句型不定式与介词"to"区别与动名词区别与联系与动名词语义不同目录1 forget doing/to do2 stop doing/to do3 remember doing/to do4 regret doing/to do5 cease doing/to do6 try doing/to do7 go on doing/to do8 be afraid doing/to do9 be interested doing/to do10 mean to doing/to do11 begin(start) doing/to do被动式的用法一、不定式被动式的用法二、不定式完成被动式的用法完成式的用法一、表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作二、表示在某个给定的时间之前已完成的动作三、表示过去未曾实现的想法和愿望在There be句型中用法时态、语态介绍(1)语态(2)时态疑问词+不定式结构语法功能一、作主语二、作宾语三、作补语四、作表语五、作状语介词六、作定语省to的动词不定式介绍典型例题否定式not to do..特殊句型不定式与介词"to"区别与动名词区别与联系与动名词语义不同目录1 forget doing/to do2 stop doing/to do3 remember doing/to do4 regret doing/to do5 cease doing/to do6 try doing/to do7 go on doing/to do8 be afraid doing/to do9 be interested doing/to do10 mean to doing/to do11 begin(start) doing/to do被动式的用法一、不定式被动式的用法二、不定式完成被动式的用法完成式的用法一、表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作二、表示在某个给定的时间之前已完成的动作三、表示过去未曾实现的想法和愿望在There be句型中用法展开编辑本段时态、语态介绍动词不定式可以作以上各种成分,但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性。

中考英语专题:非谓语动词用法详解

中考英语专题:非谓语动词用法详解

中考英语专题:非谓语动词用法详解非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点,我们将其叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

其中,每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。

具体如下:1. 不定式①基本形式:to do(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)②被动式:to be done(表示被动,并且一般表示将来)③进行式:to be doing (表示主动和进行)④完成时:to have done(表示主动和完成)⑤完成被动式:to have been done(表示被动和完成)⑥完成进行式:to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)The teacher told us to do morning exercises.老师让我们做早操。

The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。

She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 老师进来时,她假装正在读书。

The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。

The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。

She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里,她一直在这家工厂工作。

2. 动名词①基本形式:doing (表示主动)②被动式:being done(表示被动)③完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)④完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。

最新英语高考非谓语动词重点语法

最新英语高考非谓语动词重点语法

最新英语高考非谓语动词重点语法非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点,我们将其叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

其中,每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。

具体如下:1. 不定式①基本形式:to do(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)②被动式:to be done(表示被动,并且一般表示将来)③进行式:to be doing (表示主动和进行)④完成时:to have done(表示主动和完成)⑤完成被动式:to have been done(表示被动和完成)⑥完成进行式:to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 老师让我们做早操。

The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。

She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 老师进来时,她假装正在读书。

The thief is said to have escaped. 据说小偷已经逃跑了。

The thief is said to have been arrested. 据说小偷已经被抓住了。

She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years. 据说在过去的20年里,她一直在这家工厂工作。

2. 动名词①基本形式:doing (表示主动)②被动式:being done(表示被动)③完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)④完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future. 在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。

不定式知识梳理-2024届高考英语一轮语法复习

不定式知识梳理-2024届高考英语一轮语法复习

不定式(1)不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常时间性不强,与谓语动词表示的动作没有时间先后顺序I’m pleased to see you here.I am expecting to hear from you.I would like you to stay over the weekend with me.(2)不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,强调动作的先后顺序I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.She is said to have studied abroad last year.The boy pretended to have known the answer.(3)不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行Mary seems to be thinking deeply.The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in.I happened to be watching TV when she called.(4)不定式的被动形式不定式的被动式只有一般式和完成式She asks to be treated equally.The radio needs to be repaired.The room seems to have been broken in.The telephone is considered to have been invented by Bell.动词不定式的用法:一、作主语A.动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

(可由it作形式主语,而将真正的主语不定式后置。

)1. To point out the mistakes you have made is my chief purpose.2.To become a slave is to give up one's freedom.3.It is impossible for him to give up smoking.4.To get there by air will take you only about two hours.=It will take you only about two hours to get there by air.B: It is +adj. + for sb to do sth.5.对于学生们来说,理解这篇文章很容易。

不定式用法归纳全

不定式用法归纳全


to be lost. (强调物)(谁 lost time不明确)。
B ,There is nothing to do now. (=We have nothing to do now. ) 现在没事干(强调人)。
There is nothing to be done. (=We can do nothing now. ) 现在没办法了(强调物)。
(1)I have some work to do

I have a letter to be typed.
to do是前面一个名词(常是人)发出的动作;
to be done不是前面名词(人) 发出的动作,是句子外的 其他人发出的动作。
试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon?
(2)能带宾补的动词还有 consider sth/sb to be(宾补), expect sb to do, tell sb to do, want sb to do, warn sb not to do, wish sb to do, invite sb to do等。
区别 I have some work to do(定语,后讲). (去掉不定式对句义影响不大) The manager get him to finish the task
不定式的时态语态?不定式都表发生在过去或现在的将来目的或结果有各种时态和语态?一般式todotobedone?完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone?进行式tobedoing?完成进行式tohavebeendoing?根据语境来判断该用何种时态和语态?一一般式表示动作通常与句子谓语所表示的动作或状态几乎同时发生或是在它之后发生

不定式的被动语态

不定式的被动语态
1)现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与 谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓 语动词的动作之后。
He seems to know this. I hope to see you again = I hope that I’ll see you again.
不定式语法 不定式的时态和语态
2)完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示 的动作之前。
8. it remains ______ whether they will enjoy it. (MET2001)
9. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen
4. Charles Babbage is generally considered _____the first
computer. (MET1993)
A. to invent
B. inventing
C. to have invented
D. having invented
5. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _______ to carry all
the way home. (MET2003)
having a hard time.(2002年上海春季高考)
A. settled B. settling
C. to settle D. being settled
11.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role___in making the earth a better place to live. (2003上海春季高考) A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing

高中英语语法:非谓语动词总结-大全

高中英语语法:非谓语动词总结-大全

高中英语语法:非谓语动词总结-大全非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点,我们将其叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

其中,每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。

具体如下:1. 不定式①基本形式:to do(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)②被动式:to be done(表示被动,并且一般表示将来)③进行式:to be doing (表示主动和进行)④完成时:to have done(表示主动和完成)⑤完成被动式:to have been done(表示被动和完成)⑥完成进行式:to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 老师让我们做早操。

The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。

She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 老师进来时,她假装正在读书。

The thief is said to have escaped. 据说小偷已经逃跑了。

The thief is said to have been arrested. 据说小偷已经被抓住了。

She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years. 据说在过去的20年里,她一直在这家工厂工作。

2. 动名词①基本形式:doing (表示主动)②被动式:being done(表示被动)③完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)④完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future. 在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。

2023年初中英语时态语法精讲之不定式的完成式与进行式

2023年初中英语时态语法精讲之不定式的完成式与进行式

2023年初中英语时态语法精讲之不定式的完成式与进行式不定式的完成式不定式的完成式概念:不定式的完成式主要表示已经完成的动作—既可能是表示先于谓语动作已经完成,也可能是先于某个特定时间已经完成。

如:I am sorry to have kept you waiting. (=I am sorry that I have kept you waiting) 对不起,让你久等了。

不定式的完成式(to have+过去分词)的用法:1、表示在主句谓语的动作之前发生的事情:如:I'm glad to have met your parents here. 我很高兴在这儿见到了你父母(已见过)I'm sorry to have kept him waiting for me so long. 我很抱歉让他等了我这样久。

(已经等过了)2、动词不定式的完成式和下列动词的过去时连用,表示过去没有实现的事情:plan, hope, expect, be, intend, mean,w ish,等。

注意一定是它们的过去时。

另外还有should/wouldlike/love。

这个结构表示“本打算/想/计划…”的意思。

例如:The game were to have taken place in Room. 比赛原计划在罗马举行。

He planned to have gone abroad last week.=He planned to go abroad but he didn't. 他原计划上周出国的。

I'd like to have been offered the job and(to have been)given the opportunity to prove myself. 我真想(当时)把这个工作给了我,给我个机会让我证明我自己。

同样的意思也可用上述动词的过去完成时加动词不定式的一般式来表达。

动词不定式

动词不定式

to have been studied
当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不
定式所表示的动作的执行者时用主动语
态;
当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词
不定式所表达的动作的承受者时用被动
语态。进行式和完成进行式没有被动语 态。
二. 动词不定式的功能 subject To die for the people is honorable.
3. 不定式的完成式
当不定式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前, 不定式要用完成式,在句中可作宾语,状语以及 构成复合宾语,复合谓语。 She seemed to have heard about the news already. He was believed to have been a very rich man.
6. 带疑问词的不定式短语 不定式前可以加某些疑问代词,如who、what、 which,或疑问副词,如when、where、how、why等, 构成一种特殊的不定式短语,可在句子中作主语、 宾语、表语、定语或状语等。 How to improve English is often discussed among the students. We haven’t decided when to visit the place. The most difficult thing in learning English is how to speak the language well. You haven’t answered my question where to get these books.
objectБайду номын сангаас
predicative adverbial attributive modifier
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英语语法:不定式完成进行式与完成被动式的一些用法不定式完成实行式与完成被动式的用法
一、不定式被动式的用法
不定式到底用主动形式还是被动形式,往往取决于句子的意思,即意思上为主动就用主动形式,意思上为被动就用被动形式:
Did it need to be done so soon? 这事需要这么快就做吗?
She can’t bear to be laughed at. 她受不了被人嘲笑。

There was business to be taken care of. 有生意要人管理。

It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你是否准确,以后见分晓。

There was a lot of rubbish to be got rid of. 有大量垃圾需要扔掉。

二、不定式完成被动式的用法
不定式的完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作:
I’m pleased to have been given this oppo rtunity. 给了我这次机会我很高兴。

It’s said to have been built in the Ming dynasty. 据说它是明朝修建的。

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