love is a fallacy爱情是谬误 ppt课件
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高级英语完整 Love is a Fallacyppt课件
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6) Poisoning the Well （井中投毒）
Speaking “against the man”
rather than to issue, or the fallacy
of Poisoning the Well in the text
where the premises mayቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱonly make
.
5
Teaching Methods
1. Teacher-oriented teaching method 2. Student-oriented teaching method 3. The elicited method
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6
Teaching Procedure
Ⅰ. Introductory Remarks Ⅱ. Background Information Ⅲ. Learning Focus Ⅳ. Key words and Expressions Ⅴ. Explanation of the Text
generically incorrect reasoning
The fallacies mentioned in the text are material fallacies:
.
19
1. Dicto Simpliciter 绝对判断
（Fallacy of Accident ）
An argument based on an unqualified generalization. The argument applies a general rule to a particular case in which some special circumstances makes the rule inapplicable.
Lesson 4 Love is a Fallacy PPT
2. Logical Fallacy
Fallacies are divided into eight groups: 1.Dicto Simpliciter (绝对判断)(Para. 66) 2. Hasty Generalization (草率结论)(Para. 72) 3. Post Hoc (牵强附会) )(Para.77) 4. Contradictory Premises (矛盾前提）（Para.83） 5. Ad Misericordiam(文不对题)（Para.96） 6. False Analogy (错误类比) 7.Hypothesis Contrary to Facts(与事实相反的假设）
Unit 5 Love is Fallacy
--- By Max Shulman
Aims
1. To have a basic knowledge of the terms in logic. 2. To appreciate the humor in the story. 3. To analyze the structure of the story 4. To appreciate the language
with an assumption that is false. Not "everyone" wants to get married.
Hasty Generalization（草率结论）
"Mr Wang's handwriting is terrible. Mr. Hu's handwriting is also terrible and you know how terrible men's handwriting is ."
love-is-a-fallacy(英语修辞与写作-lecture-6-1)PPT课件
7. We should discount what Premier Klein says about taxation because he won’t be hurt by the increase.
8. A society is free if and only if liberty is maximized and people are required to take responsibility for their actions.
10. Understatement (It must not be thought
that I was without lo.ve for this girl.)
6
Logical fallacies in the story
▪ Dicto Simpliciter ▪ Hasty generalization ▪ Post hoc ▪ Contradictory premises ▪ Ad Misericordiam (Appeal to pity) ▪ False analogy ▪ Hypothesis contrary to fact ▪ Poisoning the well (Ad Hominem)
9. Analogy (It was like digging a tunnel. At first, everything was work, sweat, and darkness. … But I persisted. I pounded and clawed and scraped, and finally I was rewarded. I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sun came pouring in and all was bright.)
8. A society is free if and only if liberty is maximized and people are required to take responsibility for their actions.
10. Understatement (It must not be thought
that I was without lo.ve for this girl.)
6
Logical fallacies in the story
▪ Dicto Simpliciter ▪ Hasty generalization ▪ Post hoc ▪ Contradictory premises ▪ Ad Misericordiam (Appeal to pity) ▪ False analogy ▪ Hypothesis contrary to fact ▪ Poisoning the well (Ad Hominem)
9. Analogy (It was like digging a tunnel. At first, everything was work, sweat, and darkness. … But I persisted. I pounded and clawed and scraped, and finally I was rewarded. I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sun came pouring in and all was bright.)
LOVE IS A FALLACY PPT
I consult my watch : I looked at my watch to see what time it is . Consult: to refer to or turn to , especially for information. Call it a night : (colloquial) to stop working for the night; also “call it a day” I deposited…dormitory : I took her back and left her at the girls’ dormitory.
e.g.：Think of all the poor, starving African children! How could rich countries be so cruel as not to help them? 点评：抒情是不能当作论证的。
I fought …despair: I struggled to keep away the feeling of despair. Get nowhere: to make no progress; accomplish nothing. I am nothing …persistent: a case of a double negative making a positive , I am very persistent. Next comes Post Hoc: Next comes the logical fallacy called Post Hoc.
Admittedly …hope: one must admit the outcome does not look very hopeful. Admitted(公认地、诚然): by admission or general agreement ; confessedly Prospect: something hoped for or expected Fraught : filled ,charged ,or loaded.
高级英语Love-is-a-Fallacyppt课件
12
About the text
• The text is excerpted from The Many loves of Dobbie Gillis by Max Shulman. It is a piece of narrative writing.
13
• The narrator of the story, Dobie Gillis, a self-conceited freshman in a school struggles against Petey Burch, his
25
4) False Analogy “It doe not follow” arises when there is not
even a deceptively plausible appearance of valid reasoning, because the given premises have virtually nothing to do with the conclusion drawn from them.
27
6) Poisoning the Well （井中投毒） Speaking “against the man” rather than to
issue, or the fallacy of Poisoning the Well in the text where the premises may only make a personal attack on a person holding some thesis rather than offer grounds showing why what he says is false.
26
5） Hypothesis Contrary to Fact The fallacy of many questions consists in
About the text
• The text is excerpted from The Many loves of Dobbie Gillis by Max Shulman. It is a piece of narrative writing.
13
• The narrator of the story, Dobie Gillis, a self-conceited freshman in a school struggles against Petey Burch, his
25
4) False Analogy “It doe not follow” arises when there is not
even a deceptively plausible appearance of valid reasoning, because the given premises have virtually nothing to do with the conclusion drawn from them.
27
6) Poisoning the Well （井中投毒） Speaking “against the man” rather than to
issue, or the fallacy of Poisoning the Well in the text where the premises may only make a personal attack on a person holding some thesis rather than offer grounds showing why what he says is false.
26
5） Hypothesis Contrary to Fact The fallacy of many questions consists in
love is a fallacy---part 3 课文分析ppt课件
I was excited and filled with pleasure by the movie. That well-known actor Walter Pidgeon is so wonderful and he fascinates me.
3. One more chance, I decided. But just one more. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. (Para.115)
(paras.109-114) Hypothesis Contrary to Fact
(paras.115-124) Poisoning the Well
Section IV (Paras. 125-154): the ending of the story: backfiring of all the arguments
Poisoning the Well
Poisoning the well: has hamstrung one’s opponent. (投毒下井:事先否定对方) or speaking “against the man” rather than the issue , in which the premises may only make a personal attack on a person who holds some thesis, instead of offering grounds showing why what he says is false.
3.We should discount what Premier Klein says about taxation because he won't be hurt by the increase.
3. One more chance, I decided. But just one more. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. (Para.115)
(paras.109-114) Hypothesis Contrary to Fact
(paras.115-124) Poisoning the Well
Section IV (Paras. 125-154): the ending of the story: backfiring of all the arguments
Poisoning the Well
Poisoning the well: has hamstrung one’s opponent. (投毒下井:事先否定对方) or speaking “against the man” rather than the issue , in which the premises may only make a personal attack on a person who holds some thesis, instead of offering grounds showing why what he says is false.
3.We should discount what Premier Klein says about taxation because he won't be hurt by the increase.
love is a fallacy (课堂PPT)
1
MAX SHULMAN
LOVE IS A FALLACY
CONTENTS
Max Shulman
1
Biography
Background Information
1
Supplementary information
2
Detailed study of Pragraph1-4
3
About love and fallacy
more…
3
Max Shulman
Max Shulman first delved into the world of writing as a journalism student at the University of Minnesota. Shulman was the author of several fairly well-received novels, including Rally Round the Flag, Boys! and Sleep Till Noon. He was also a co-writer, with Robert Paul Smith, of the long-running Broadway play, The Tender Trap, starring Robert Preston, which was later made into a successful movie. However, he is probably best remembered for his creation of the character "Dobie Gillis", who was the subject of a series of short stories compiled under the title, The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, which became the basis for a CBS television series of the same name, and had previously been the subject of a film, The Affairs of Dobie Gillis (1953)
MAX SHULMAN
LOVE IS A FALLACY
CONTENTS
Max Shulman
1
Biography
Background Information
1
Supplementary information
2
Detailed study of Pragraph1-4
3
About love and fallacy
more…
3
Max Shulman
Max Shulman first delved into the world of writing as a journalism student at the University of Minnesota. Shulman was the author of several fairly well-received novels, including Rally Round the Flag, Boys! and Sleep Till Noon. He was also a co-writer, with Robert Paul Smith, of the long-running Broadway play, The Tender Trap, starring Robert Preston, which was later made into a successful movie. However, he is probably best remembered for his creation of the character "Dobie Gillis", who was the subject of a series of short stories compiled under the title, The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, which became the basis for a CBS television series of the same name, and had previously been the subject of a film, The Affairs of Dobie Gillis (1953)
高级英语 Love is a Fallacyppt课件
struggles against Petey Burch, his stupid roommate whose girl friend he plans to steal and Polly Espy, the beautiful dumb girl he intends to marry after suitable
最新版整理ppt
5
Teaching Methods
1. Teacher-oriented teaching method 2. Student-oriented teaching method 3. The elicited method
最新版整理ppt
6
Teaching Procedure
Ⅰ. Introductory Remarks Ⅱ. Background Information Ⅲ. Learning Focus Ⅳ. Key words and Expressions Ⅴ. Explanation of the Text
About the title
“There is deceptive or delusive quality about love”.
“Love can not be deduced from a set of given premises”.
最新版整理ppt
10
About the author
最新版整理ppt
17
An argument may be fallacious in three ways:
fallacious in its material content because of
The particular writing style of the author. The light, humorous, yet impressing way of depicting things. Subjective, personal, sensible.
最新版整理ppt
5
Teaching Methods
1. Teacher-oriented teaching method 2. Student-oriented teaching method 3. The elicited method
最新版整理ppt
6
Teaching Procedure
Ⅰ. Introductory Remarks Ⅱ. Background Information Ⅲ. Learning Focus Ⅳ. Key words and Expressions Ⅴ. Explanation of the Text
About the title
“There is deceptive or delusive quality about love”.
“Love can not be deduced from a set of given premises”.
最新版整理ppt
10
About the author
最新版整理ppt
17
An argument may be fallacious in three ways:
fallacious in its material content because of
The particular writing style of the author. The light, humorous, yet impressing way of depicting things. Subjective, personal, sensible.
高级英语下册Unit 5 Love is a fallacy-课件.ppt
❖ Questions for Group 3 ( paras. 28—59)
1. Notice a lot of American colloquial and slangy expressions used in this part identify them and explain them?
downgrading of his roommates. ❖ Part 3: (Paras. 6—59) ❖ Narrator’s deal with Petey Burch. ❖ Part 4 : (Paras 60—154) ❖ Narrator’s dates with Polly.
Questions for Discussion
11.How does Petey look like in the raccoon coat?
4.Identify the figures of speech in the sentence ‘I said with a mysterious wink’?
5.What was Petey’s response to the raccoon coat that the narrator showed him?
13.How do you understand ‘ pin-up proportions’?
14.What impression do you get about the girl? Notice the three noun phrases the writer uses to describe her.
The Structure of the Text
❖ Part 1 : (Paras.1—3) ❖ The author's note--- preparations for his essay. ❖ Part2 : (Paras. 4—5) ❖ Narrator’s boasting of himself and
love is a fallacy爱情是谬误 ppt课件
ppt课件
19
Questions on the text
• What’s the main idea of the text? • What is the purpose of this story?
• 6.False Analogy (错误对比)
• The bird’s nest is made by bird , so the bullpen is also made by cow.
ppt课件
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• 7.Hypothesis Contrary to Fact (违背事实)
• Pointing to the deer, intentionally say horse
writing often focused on young people, particularly
in a collegiate setting.
Shulman works include the novels Rally Round
the Flag, Boys! and Sleep Till Noon. He was also
may take, which forms are valid, and which are
fallacies. But this is a rough definition, because
how logic should be properly defined is actually
quite a controversial matter.
• 8.Poisoning the Well (井中投毒)
• You are told, prior to meeting him, that your friend‘s boyfriend is a decadent(颓废 的) wastrel(废物). When you meet him, everything you hear him say is tainted(污 染的).
高英第五课Loveisafallacy.ppt
• Rally Around The Flag,Boys《孩子们，
团结在旗帜周围吧》 • Potatoes Are Cheap
writing features
• Focusing on young people,particularly in a collegiate setting.
• Colloquialism(口语体)—— a colloquial expression.
Max Shulman
• writer • playwright • humorist(幽默大师)
novels
• Barefoot Boy with Cheek （ his first novel）《无礼的赤脚少年》
• The Feather Merchants《衣冠楚楚的商
人》 • The Zebra Derby • Sleep till Noon
The example starts a logical train of thought with an assumption that is false. Not “everyone” wants to get married.
2. 草率结论：由个别情形来推断普遍规则
Hasty Generalization ： It applies a special case to general rule.
Example: Wuyifan is handsome; Zhonghanliang is handsome, so you know every man is handsome in the world.
The fact that a certain handsome person doesn’t imply that all men is handsome.
团结在旗帜周围吧》 • Potatoes Are Cheap
writing features
• Focusing on young people,particularly in a collegiate setting.
• Colloquialism(口语体)—— a colloquial expression.
Max Shulman
• writer • playwright • humorist(幽默大师)
novels
• Barefoot Boy with Cheek （ his first novel）《无礼的赤脚少年》
• The Feather Merchants《衣冠楚楚的商
人》 • The Zebra Derby • Sleep till Noon
The example starts a logical train of thought with an assumption that is false. Not “everyone” wants to get married.
2. 草率结论：由个别情形来推断普遍规则
Hasty Generalization ： It applies a special case to general rule.
Example: Wuyifan is handsome; Zhonghanliang is handsome, so you know every man is handsome in the world.
The fact that a certain handsome person doesn’t imply that all men is handsome.
love is a fallacy爱情是谬误(课堂PPT)
L/O/G/O
love is a fallacy
By Max Shulman
第二组
1
Note About The Author
▪ Name: Max Shulman
▪ Born: Mar 14, 1919 in St. Paul, Minnesota
▪ Died: Aug 28, 1988 in Los Angeles, California
7
What is logic?
• Briefly speaking, we might define logic as the formal systematic study of the principles of valid inference and correct reasoning . Logic is used in most intellectual activities, but is studied primarily in the disciplines of philosophy, mathematics, semantics, and computer science. Logic examines general forms which arguments may take, which forms are valid, and which are fallacies. But this is a rough definition, because how logic should be properly defined is actually quite a controversial matter.
8
What is logical fallacy?
• Usually , an argument is deductively valid when its premises provide conclusive evidence for the conclusion. Otherwise an argument that fails to be conclusively deduced is invalid; it is said to be fallacious.
love is a fallacy
By Max Shulman
第二组
1
Note About The Author
▪ Name: Max Shulman
▪ Born: Mar 14, 1919 in St. Paul, Minnesota
▪ Died: Aug 28, 1988 in Los Angeles, California
7
What is logic?
• Briefly speaking, we might define logic as the formal systematic study of the principles of valid inference and correct reasoning . Logic is used in most intellectual activities, but is studied primarily in the disciplines of philosophy, mathematics, semantics, and computer science. Logic examines general forms which arguments may take, which forms are valid, and which are fallacies. But this is a rough definition, because how logic should be properly defined is actually quite a controversial matter.
8
What is logical fallacy?
• Usually , an argument is deductively valid when its premises provide conclusive evidence for the conclusion. Otherwise an argument that fails to be conclusively deduced is invalid; it is said to be fallacious.
高级英语 Love is a Fallacyppt课件
The self-boasting tone of “I”. Different adjectives applied to describe “ I” and my “rival” Petey Burch.
The positive, neutral and negative senses of the similar adjectives.
.
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His works
Barefoot boy with Cheek The Feather merchant Rally Round the Flag, Boys The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis
.
About the text
The text is excerpted from The Many loves of Dobbie Gillis by Max Shulman. It is a
incorrect use of term;
fallacious in its form because of the use of
two necessary parts:
a conclusion the thesis argues for certain premises or facts on which to base
the conclusion
.
The conclusion is to be inferred from the premises.
An argument is deductively valid when its premises provide conclusive evidence for the conclusion. An argument that fails to be conclusively deduced is invalid and fallacious.
The positive, neutral and negative senses of the similar adjectives.
.
Байду номын сангаас
His works
Barefoot boy with Cheek The Feather merchant Rally Round the Flag, Boys The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis
.
About the text
The text is excerpted from The Many loves of Dobbie Gillis by Max Shulman. It is a
incorrect use of term;
fallacious in its form because of the use of
two necessary parts:
a conclusion the thesis argues for certain premises or facts on which to base
the conclusion
.
The conclusion is to be inferred from the premises.
An argument is deductively valid when its premises provide conclusive evidence for the conclusion. An argument that fails to be conclusively deduced is invalid and fallacious.
LoveIsaFallacy总结演示课件
3. The use of ultra learned terms
Many such terms as “Dicto Simpliciter”, “Post Hoc”, “Ad Misericordiam” showing boasting of the narrator contrasts sharply with the simple - mindedness of the girl.
3
Lexical devices
The lexical spectrum is colorful. This mix adds to the realism of the story. One would expect a freshman to
talk like that.
1. The use of exclamatory words.
chemist’s scales ,as penetrating as a scalpel.” • 2.Metaphor (1)“My brain , that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. ” (2)“In other words , if you are out of the picture ,the field would be open. ” • 3.Metonymy (1)“I was not one to let my heart rule my head” (2)“There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. ”
• The use of elliptical sentences
“Emotional type. Unstable. Impressionable. ”
Many such terms as “Dicto Simpliciter”, “Post Hoc”, “Ad Misericordiam” showing boasting of the narrator contrasts sharply with the simple - mindedness of the girl.
3
Lexical devices
The lexical spectrum is colorful. This mix adds to the realism of the story. One would expect a freshman to
talk like that.
1. The use of exclamatory words.
chemist’s scales ,as penetrating as a scalpel.” • 2.Metaphor (1)“My brain , that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. ” (2)“In other words , if you are out of the picture ,the field would be open. ” • 3.Metonymy (1)“I was not one to let my heart rule my head” (2)“There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. ”
• The use of elliptical sentences
“Emotional type. Unstable. Impressionable. ”
fallacy-谬误PPT课件
Example： Young children are like flowers---flowers should stay away from terrible weather to grow, so children need to get rid of everything negative.
文不对题
A Latin phrase means "to pity"
Definition: The reader is told to agree to the proposition because of the pitiful state of the author.
Example: We hope you'll accept our recommendations. We spent the last three months working extra time on it.
In logic and rhetoric, a fallacy is incorrect reasoning in argumentation resulting in a misconception. Defects in an argument, which cause an argument to be unsound or weak.
Love Is a Fallacy
Fallacy
Dicto simpliciter 绝对判断 Hasty generalization 草率结论(轻率归纳) Post hoc 牵强附会(并非因果 ) Contradictory premises 矛盾前提 Ad misericordiam 文不对题 False analogy 错误类比 Hypothesis contrary to fact 与事实相反的假设（假 设非事实 ） Poisoning the well 井下下毒
高级英语 Love is a Fallacy(课堂PPT)
piece of narrative writing.
13
The narrator of the story, Dobie Gillis, a self-conceited freshman in a school
struggles against Petey Burch, his stupid roommate whose girl friend he plans to steal and Polly Espy, the beautiful dumb girl he intends to marry after suitable
3. To appreciate the humorous and satirical writing style
4. To appreciate the language
3
Teaching Focus
The rules of logic: to understand all the eight fallacies referred in the text.
The particular writing style of the author. The light, humorous, yet impressing way of depicting things. Subjective, personal, sensible.
4
Teaching Focus
Unit 4
Love Is a Fallacy
Max Shulman
1
Teaching Plan
2
Teaching Objectives
1. To have a basic knowledge of the terms in logic
13
The narrator of the story, Dobie Gillis, a self-conceited freshman in a school
struggles against Petey Burch, his stupid roommate whose girl friend he plans to steal and Polly Espy, the beautiful dumb girl he intends to marry after suitable
3. To appreciate the humorous and satirical writing style
4. To appreciate the language
3
Teaching Focus
The rules of logic: to understand all the eight fallacies referred in the text.
The particular writing style of the author. The light, humorous, yet impressing way of depicting things. Subjective, personal, sensible.
4
Teaching Focus
Unit 4
Love Is a Fallacy
Max Shulman
1
Teaching Plan
2
Teaching Objectives
1. To have a basic knowledge of the terms in logic
love-is-a-fallacy---part--3-课文分析PPT课件
.
8
6. “Right!” I cried exultantly. “One hundred percent right. It’s not fair. The first man has poisoned the well before anybody could drink from it. He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start. … (Para.119) exultant: ad. (fml.or lit.) jubilant 兴高采烈的
Simile, comparing his teaching
v. scratch, cut the surface
to the hard work of digging a tunnel.
v. scratch, clutch, as with claws (nails) 抓；挠
of slightly 刮除
(paras.125-152) The quarrel between the boy and the girl. (climax especially paras. 147--150)
(paras.153-154) Modulation (the falling action)
.
1
Hypothesis Contrary to Fact
My opponent is a notorious liar. You can’t believe a word that he is going to say.
E.g. 1. Don’t listen to him. He is scoundrel.
2. You may argue that God doesn't exist, but you are just following a fad.
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Dobie Gillis, as well as for best-selling novels. His
writing often focused on young people, particularly
in a collegiate setting.
Shulman works include the novels Rally Round
a Hepprt课o件(1953)
2
Author
Max Shulman (March 14, 1919–August 28,
1988) is a 20th century American writer best
known for his television and short story character
may take, which forms are valid, and which are
fallacies. But this is a rough definition, because
how logic should be properly defined is actually
quite a controversial matter.
of the 75th anniversary（周年） of the
invention of the light bulb by Thomas A.
Edison.
ppt课件
5
Charles Lamb (1775-1834)
English essayist and critic.
Thomas Carlyle ( 1795-1881) English author, Scottish writer.
the Flag, Boys! and Sleep Till Noon. He was also
a co-writer, with Robert Paul Smith, of the long-
running Broadway play, The Tender Trap, starring
Robert Preston, which was later made into a
Occupation: Writer
Active: '50s
Major Genres: Comedy,
Romance
Career Highlights: House Calls, Rally 'round the Flag, Boys!, The Tender Trap
First Major Screen Credit: Half
successful movie. ppt课件
3
Author
However, he is probably best remembered for his creation of the character “Dobie Gillis”, who was the subject of a series of short stories compiled under the title, The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, which became the basis for a CBS television series of the same name, and had previously been the subject of a film.
ppt课件
4
Shulman was also a screenwriter（编剧）. He was one of the collaborators（合作者） on a television documentary（记录）,
Light‘s Diamond Jubilee《光明的周年纪 念》, which was supposedly a celebration
ppt课件
John Ruskin (1819-1900)
English critic and social theorist. A writer on art and architecture.
6
WHale Waihona Puke rming up• What is love? • What is logic? • What is logical fallacy?
L/O/G/O
love is a fallacy
By Max Shulman
ppt课件
1
第二组
Note About The Author
Name: Max Shulman
Born: Mar 14, 1919 in St. Paul,
Minnesota
Died: Aug 28, 1988 in Los Angeles, California
ppt课件
8
What is logical fallacy?
• Usually , an argument is deductively valid when its premises provide conclusive evidence for the conclusion. Otherwise an argument that fails to be conclusively deduced is invalid; it is said to be fallacious.
ppt课件
7
What is logic?
• Briefly speaking, we might define logic as the
formal systematic study of the principles of
valid inference and correct reasoning . Logic
is used in most intellectual activities, but is
studied primarily in the disciplines of philosophy,
mathematics, semantics, and computer science.
Logic examines general forms which arguments