M9U4_Grammar长难句分析
英语四级四级长难句
四级长难句分析在大学英语四级考试的阅读理解中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。
长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。
首先我们先来了解制造长句的几个要点一词汇：核心词汇+普通词汇二语法结构1．从句：定语、同位语、表语、宾语、状语2．并列结构3．插入语4．倒装5．强调6．省略：分词作定语，独立主格结构2008-61．But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and —— without major technological breakthroughs —— we can't do much about it.2. The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it's really an engineering one.3．Privacy economist Alessandro Acauisti has run a series of tests that reveal people w ill surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠卷)4. The digital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to re construct who you are, where you are and what you like.2007-124．The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson.5. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting my daughter’s experience.6. While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked.2007-67. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.8. Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.9. The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.”10. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.11. Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly.12. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.13. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like towork in a field dominated by men.14. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.15. Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore.16. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues.2006-1217. In fact, New York’s municipal w ater for more than a century was called the champagne of tap water and until recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity.18. Similarly, a magazine in England found that tap water from the Thames River tasted better than several leading brands of bottled water that were 400 times more expensive.19. According to an article in The Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell, listing brands on the menu without prices, and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want it.20. Regardless of how it’s sold, the popularity of bottled water taps into our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated, and even a longing for lost purity.21. As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise.22. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.23. The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs.24. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health.25. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations.26. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have abeneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.2006-627. But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time.28. Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods.▲29. We’re saying we want you to work in these places, we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, an d then when it’s convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security, especially after Sept. 11, then you’re disposable.30. If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely.2006-6旧31．Women’s education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue.32．Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children.33．Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy (预言) becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle of neglect.34．She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance.35．The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser (锁止器), and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.36．Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition (点火) key.2005-1237．While here’s on question that continuous stress is ha rmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.38．In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they get the job done.39. Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again.40. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.实战演练1．But the research paper also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to suit a piece of work to your own interests and abilities, to show others what you can do.2.To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through aset of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier.3.Recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and researchcontradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized.4.House had to be sited “within easy walking distance of the railroad station,” as some oldresidents would point out; and only those wealthy enough to afford a horse and a carriage dared to penetrate farther into the open country.5.White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely tohave shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.6.But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and youwill therefore not be offended if your ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.7.College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with eachother’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school.8.This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another,so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.9.The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly beenunexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests.10.It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment (启蒙运动) tobe told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead.11. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more m oney, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go.12. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.13. Scientists, like other human beings, have their hopes and fears, their passions and disappointments and their strong emotions may sometimes interrupt the course of clear thinking and sound practice.14. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem.15. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise—and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.二、总结——长难句分析步骤1、首先确定句子是简单句、复合句或并列句。
Unit 9 重点长难句解析高中英语(北师大版2019必修第三册)
UNIT 9LEARNING1.What is your learning approach to it?(Page 50)你学习它的方法是什么?【词汇精讲】approach在本句中用作名词,意为“方法”;除此之外还可表示“靠近;路径”。
approach还可用作动词,意为“靠近,接近;着手处理”。
3.Argue with your inner voice (Page 52) 与你内心的声音争论【词汇精讲】argue用作动词,意为“争论,争吵”。
4.Most people assume that the human brain is set on “automatic”—that means it learns all by itself.(Page 52)大多数人认为人类的大脑是“自动”的——那就是说它可以自己学习。
【词汇精讲】assume用作动词,意为“认为;假定,假设”。
5.Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.(Page 53)观点灵活一些,最终,你也许会同意说话人或是作者的观点。
【词汇精讲】end up doing是固定词组,意为“最后;最终”。
6.Asking questions is the easiest way to promote active learning.(Page 53)提出问题是促进主动学习的最简单的方法。
【词汇精讲】promote用作动词,意为“促进,增进”,还可以表示“推广,宣传;促销”。
7.The answers will lead you to further learning,and the very act of working out questions will help you to achieve a higher level of understanding about the topic.(Page 53)答案会引导你进一步的学习,而解决问题的行为会帮助你获得对主题更高层次的理解。
(最新整理)牛津英语高三模块9Unit4Grammar
The sentence is a Complex-compound sentence. This happens when coordination(并列关系) and subordination(从属关系) occur in the same sentence.
In compound sentences, there are two or more clauses. They are usually linked by coordinators such as and, or and but. Each clause can stand on its own.
由 so that, in order that, in case等引
导。
6. 结果状语从句
由 so that, so …that, such …that 引导。
7. 让步状语从句
由 though, even though, however, no
matter how/what/who等引导。
2021/7/26
1. An idiom is a group of words or an expression whose meaning is not straightforward, because it often cannot be understood by looking at the meanings of its separate words.
concept, among other things, and
unless you recognize an idiom when it
is being used, it is easy to
misunderstand what you read or hear
2020最新年9月英语四级阅读理解长难句解析
【篇一】2020年9月英语四级阅读理解长难句解析Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least oneinternational study or internship opportunity-and providing the financial resources to make itpossible.原文译文：耶鲁大学和哈佛大学引领了这一潮流，为每位本科生提供至少一次出国学习或实习的机会—并提供资金援助使其得以实现。
四级词汇讲解：本句的主干是Yale and Harvard have led the way。
现在分词短语offering...and providing...为句子的伴随状语，破折号起到了递进的作用。
lead the way的意思是“先行，带路”。
如：These scientists are leading the way in space research. 这些科学家在宇宙研究中处于地位。
at least的意思是“至少”。
如：We should brush our teeth at least twice a day. 我们每天应该至少刷两次牙。
【篇二】2020年9月英语四级阅读理解长难句解析The reverse flow, from developed todeveloping countries, is on the rise,too.原文译文：从发达国家到发展中国家的逆向流动也有所增长。
四级词汇讲解：本句的主干是flow is on the rise。
from developedto developing countries为句子的插入语，起到对主语reverse flow的补充说明作用。
reverse flow意为“逆流”。
on the rise的意思是“在上升，在增长”：如：Dividends are on the rise, prices are on the rise and pressure will only continue to rise.分红在增加，价格在上升，而压力也只会继续增大。
高中英语 m9u4复杂句分析学案
高中英语 m9u4复杂句分析学案whether, if；what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which， when, where, how, why定语从句 who, whom, whose, which, that, as， when, where, why状语从句1、时间状语从句as, while, after, when, before, when，whenever, every/each time, as soon as, just/hardl y…when, no sooner…than,2、原因状语从句because, as, since, now that, in that3、地点状语从句:where, wherever4、条件状语从句if, as (so)long as, unless5、目的状语从句so that, in order that, in case6、结果状语从句so that, so …that, such …that7、让步状语从句though, even though, however, no matter how/what/who8、比较状语从句than, the more…the more, as…as9、方式状语从句in the same way, as巩固练习1、(xx江苏卷)After the flooding，people weresuffering in that area，________ urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive、A、 whichB、 whoC、 whereD、 what2、 (xx重庆卷)Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills、A、 whichB、 thatC、 whenD、 where3、 (xx福建卷)The air quality in the city，________ is shown in the report，has improved over the past two months、A、 thatB、 itC、 asD、 what4、 (xx四川卷)In our class there are46 students，________ half wear glasses、A、 in whomB、 in themC、 of whom5、 (xx浙江卷)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of ________ uses it somewhat differently、A、 whichB、 whatC、 themD、 those6、 (xx江苏卷)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval，________ the audience can buy ice－cream、A、 whenB、 whereC、 thatD、 which7、 (xx江苏卷)It was never clear ________ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner、A、 thatB、 howC、 whenD、 why8、 (xx江苏卷)The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed、B、 thatC、 whetherD、 how9、 (xx山东卷)When you are done with the book，just give it to Lucy or Helen or ________、A、 whoeverB、 whereverC、 whateverD、 however10、 (xx北京卷)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________ he could have expressed it differently、A、 whyB、 howC、 thatD、 whether11、(xx重庆卷)Sorry，you cant ________ you havent recovered from the knee injury、A、 untilB、 beforeC、 as12、 (xx四川卷)At school，some students are active________ some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another、A、 whileB、 althoughC、 soD、 as13、 (xx山东卷)A number of high buildings have arisen ________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins、A、 whatB、 whereC、 beforeD、 until14、 (xx全国卷)You have to move out of the way________ the truck cannot get past you、A、 soB、 orC、 andD、 but15、 (xx北京卷)Dont woryy、________ it rains，well still have a great time、A、 Even ifB、 As thoughC、 In caseD、 If only16、 (xx山东卷)He had his camera ready ________ he saw something that would make a good picture、A、 even ifB、 if onlyC、 in caseD、 so that17、 (xx浙江卷)One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help、A、 afterB、 whileC、 sinceD、 when18、 (xx北京卷)________ volleyball is her main focus，shes also great at basketball、A、 SinceB、 OnceC、 UnlessD、 While19、 (xx江西卷)Did it? Well，that doesnt matter________ you enjoyed yourselves、A、 as long asB、 unlessC、 as soon asD、 though20、 (xx辽宁卷)He had no sooner finished his speech ________ the students started cheering、A、 sinceB、 asC、 whenD、 than。
Unit 4 长难句分析课件 28张-2020-2021学年人教版必修第三册
作时间状语
2. It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.
解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词是表时间的词November， 在从句中做时间状语，引导词用when。
3. She not only plays well, but also writes (write) music.
例：1. When she fell, a friend rushed to help her (to) get up. 她摔倒时，一个朋友冲上前把她扶起来。
1
As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.
宾语补足语
宾语从句
长难句分析：句子的谓语是made，Seeing pictures……是动名词短语作 主语；that our planet’s ……是宾语从句。 realise在句中作made后面的宾语补足语，构成make sb. do sth.结构。
2
Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
Unit 4 Space Exploration
Reading 长难句分析
1
China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语But the packaging is often done so effectively that the viewer, listener, or reader does not make up his own mind at all. Instead, he inserts a packaged opinion into his mind , somewhat like inserting a cassette into a cassette player. He then pushes a button and "plays back" the opinion whenever it seems appropriate to do so. He has performed acceptably without having had to think.【翻译】但是打包的工作通常做得实在是太有效了，以至于观众、听众和读者压根就不做决定了。
相反，他把打包好的观点插入自己的大脑，有点像把磁带插入播放机里。
然后每当看起来适合播放的时候，他就摁一下按钮，“回放”一下那个观点。
他不需要非得思考，就已经能做到可接受的程度了。
【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句。
这个句子是由so... that... 连接起来的。
so所在的句子是主句，从that 开始是从句，that 引导的结果状语从句。
not... at all表示否定，而且，在not后面加上at all 之后，是对否定语气的强化，翻译成“压根不，一点也不......”第二句是一个简单句。
这一句用的句型是insert... into...把......插入......。
packaged是个过去分词，作定语，修饰opinion“被打了包的观点”，不是零散的好几个观点。
后面是like引导的介词短语，作状语。
M9Unit4 Grammar and usage
扬州市甘泉中学高三年级英语导学稿The process of learning笔记、订正【预习与检测】一、Read the grammar rules about analysis of complicated sentences二、预习检测：try to point out the subjects and predicates of the following sentences.①I’ll come back in three days②There are many students in our school.③Aunt really enjoyed France and so did I.④Society has changed and the people in it have changed too.⑤If it hadn’t been for their help, we couldn’t have finished the work on time.⑥I wonder if your wife will go to the ball.⑦He completed a masterpiece and as this is the focus of the exhibition, I would likeyou to find out about it.【课堂互动探究】1. 句子的类型的分析：①the simple sentence: subject + predicate②the compound sentence: subject + predicate + and/but/or/for + subject + predicate③the complex sentence: main clause + subordinate clause④the complex-compound sentence:the simple sentence + and/but/or + the complex sentence2.Finish Part A on page 57.3. Finish Part B on page 57.①One English proverb is ‘ the early bird catches the worm’, _____________②The proverb ‘great minds think alike, but fools seldom differ’ is very famous________________③The proverb ‘don’t count your chickens until they are hatched’ means ‘don’t count on something going well until it happens’, ________________________________________④The proverb ‘make hay while the sun shines’ is very old ____________________________【课堂反馈练习】一、用括号内所提示的基本句型将下列句子译成英语，需要的话可加上适当的修饰语或插入语。
2020年9月英语四级阅读理解长难句解析
【导语】有时候，你必须⼀个⼈⾛，这不是孤独，⽽是选择。
我们时时刻刻都在选择，你选择过什么样的⽣活就需要付出什么样的代价。
以下为“2020年9⽉英语四级阅读理解长难句解析”，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注！【篇⼀】2020年9⽉英语四级阅读理解长难句解析 They are the place of the scientificdiscoveries that move economies forward,andthe primary means of educating the talentrequired to obtain and maintain competitiveadvantages. 英语四级译⽂： ⼤学是推动经济发展的科学发现的衍⽣地，是⼀个国家培养所需⼈才以获取并维持竞争优势的主要⼿段。
四级词汇讲解： 本句的主⼲是they are place and means。
the place of...和the primary means of...为并列的表语;that引导的是discoveries 的定语从句;动词过去分词短语required to…是talent的后置定语。
move sth. forward的意思是“推动……，使……前进”。
如： We should try to strengthen the business and continue to move it forward. 我们应该努⼒强化业务并继续推动其前进。
英语四级考点归纳： the+形容词可表⽰名词概念，泛指⼀类⼈，通常具有复数含义。
如:The poor bet poorer; the rich getricher. 穷者愈穷;富者愈富。
常见的加the表名词概念的形容词有： blind失明的 deaf聋的 disabled残废的 healthy健康的 sick病弱的 living活的 dead死的 rich富有的 door贫穷的 unemployed失业的【篇⼆】2020年9⽉英语四级阅读理解长难句解析 In 2003, when Cambridge Universityappointed Alison Richard, another former Yaleprovost, as its vice-chancellor, the universitypublicly stressed that in her previous job shehad overseen a major strengthening of Yale's financial position. 原⽂译⽂： 2003年，剑桥⼤学聘请了另⼀位耶鲁⼤学前教务长艾利森·理查德担任副校长、并公开强调，在她之前的⼯作中，在她的监管下，“耶鲁⼤学的财政状况得到了极⼤的巩固”。
考研英语长难句分析技巧
考研英语长难句分析技巧及实战70例长难句在考研阅读、完型填空和翻译中的出现频率很高，无论句子有多长、结构有多复杂，它都由一些基本的成分组成的。
从结构来说，英语句子中，除了谓语之外，其它的成分均可以由从句或者非谓语动词来充当。
从句子本身是一个完整的句子，因此，从句与从句之间的关系可能包孕、套嵌，也可能并列，平行。
从功能来说，英语有三大复合句，即:①名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;②形容词性从句，即我们平常所说的定语从句;③状语从句。
非谓语动词可以有自己的时态和语态（过去分词除外），也可以跟自己的逻辑主语、宾语、状语等成分，构成一个非谓语动词结构。
由于非谓语动词和从句的这些特点，使英语句子从理论上讲可以无限延长。
英语长句的分析方法：去枝叶，留主干。
1）划出句子中的定语从句和状语从句;2）划出所有介词短语（位于be动词后的除外）；3）名词性从句看作一个整体,找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词;4）非谓语动词结构看作一个整体；5）找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干；6）分析从句的结构和非谓语动词的内部结构。
长难句分析的步骤举例：经典例题（2001年考研完型填空第二段）In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a draft bill that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins.分析:第一，划出定语从句和状语从句: that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity /that can be given to a case /before a trial begins.第二，划出介词短语：In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press第三，句子的结构分析:（1）主干结构是主语（Lord Irvine含同位语the Lord Chancellor）+将来时谓语（will introduce）+宾语（a draft bill）；（2）that引导的定语从句修饰draft bill,其中，will propose 是第一个谓语，making payments to witnesses illegal 是一个动名词短语做宾语，在动名词短语内部，payments to witnesses做making的宾语，illegal是宾补；第二个谓语是will strictly control, the amount of publicity是它的宾语。
M9 U4 grammmar 长难句分析
that such offers are relatively rare；
and that many liberal-arts students(文科生) graduate with the belief. 第三层次： that the prospective(预期的) workplace may not have a place for them.
Whereas a woman's closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn't unusual to hear a man say that he didn't know that his friend's marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa. 第五层次：until he appeared one night asking... 第六层次： if he could sleep on the sofa.
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I can't live in fear of the possibility that as the earth's population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(丌能再生的 ) resources,our children may have to lead poorer lives. 我丌能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：由亍地球上人口 的丌断增长，由亍我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源， 我们的孩子可能丌得丌过着更加贫穷有多个插入成分的句子.
新人教版教材选择性必修四课文长难句汇总解析
选择性必修四课文长难句解析学案X4U11.But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb！____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【解析】：翻译: 但是如果我停下来，同样的空间被其他东西占据了，我们就会被挤在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句，其中we would be forced together and explode like a bomb是主句；if引导条件状语从句，而该从句又含有and连接的两个并列分句。
2.Claire didn’t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be away on a business trip for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【解析】翻译: 克莱尔不想让机器人进她家，尤其是当她丈夫要出差三个星期的时候，但拉里劝她说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会允许她受到伤害。
模块九第四单元语法详解(句子成分;简单句并列句和复合句)
杂繁市保价阳光实验学校2021高三英语讲义句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句〔M9 U4〕一、句子成分〔一〕句子成分的义：构成句子的各个叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、语、状语、补足语和同位语。
〔二〕主语：主语是一个句子所表达的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句〔当主语不疑问词时〕和倒装，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句表示。
例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.〔名词〕We often speak English in class.〔代词〕One-third of the students in this class are girls.〔数词〕To swim in the river is a great pleasure.〔不式〕Smoking does harm to the health.〔动名词〕The rich should help the poor.〔名词化的形容词〕When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.〔主语从句〕It is necessary to master a foreign language.〔it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不式〕〔三〕谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：〔1〕由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.〔2〕由系动词加表语构成。
高考英语重点难点部分(长难句的结构分析与学习方法)
高考英语重点难点部分（长难句的结构分析与学习方法）1. 复杂主句在长难句中，主句可能会包含修饰成分，使得句子变得冗长。
常见的修饰成分有定语从句、状语从句等。
例子1：主语修饰句子：The student who works hard every day is likely to succeed in the future.分析：主句：The student is likely to succeed in the future。
修饰部分：who works hard every day。
这是一个定语从句，修饰主语“the student”。
意思是“那个每天努力学习的学生”，使句子变得更具体。
简化理解：可以将句子简化为“The student is likely to succeed...”，然后再加上修饰成分来增强信息量。
例子2：谓语修饰句子：She spoke softly, trying not to wake the baby who was sleeping soundly.分析：主句：She spoke softly。
修饰部分：trying not to wake the baby。
这是一个现在分词短语，说明她说话的原因或方式。
它修饰谓语“spoke softly”。
定语从句：who was sleeping soundly，修饰“the baby”，给出了更多关于“baby”的信息。
2. 嵌套从句在长难句中，多个从句会嵌套在主句中。
我们需要弄清楚每个从句的关系，才能理解整个句子的意思。
例子1：嵌套从句句子：What surprised me most was that he completed the task which we thought was impossible.分析：主句：What surprised me most was... 这里的主句是“what surprised me most”。
英语四级长难句解析
四级阅读理解难，难在长难句。
如何破解长难句，是做好四级阅读理解的关键一环。
破解长难句通常采用方法是找准主谓宾去除定状补，笔者认为，抓住长难句特点进行庖丁解牛是破解四级阅读理解长难句的又一制胜法宝。
四级阅读理解长难句有以下六大特点：主语拉长一般来讲，汉语主语比较简短。
相比之下，英语中主语一旦拉长，就会增加读者的理解难度。
解决方法：有效分解主谓成分，断开之后各个击破。
例如：The streams, lakes, meadows(草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for balck bears have also attracted more people to the region. （2005.6）首先，把原句子分解为两个简单独立的句子：（1）The streams, lakes, meadows(草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for balck bears溪流、湖泊、草地、山脉、森林，使得Pocono 成为黑熊理想的栖息地（2）have also attracted more people to the region. 吸引了越来越多的人们来到这里。
其次，句子整合翻译：溪流、湖泊、草地、山脉、森林，这些不仅使得Pocono成为黑熊理想的栖息地，而且吸引了越来越多的人们来到这里。
分词短语打头，句子呈现三段（或三段以上）的长句式分词短语（包括现在分词和过去分词）做状语，这一句式比较常见，读者阅读时由于要区分短语和主语之间的逻辑关系，所以理解上有难度。
并且分词短语本身往往由于掺入了插入语成分，理解上就更为困难。
解决方法：理清主动和被动关系。
一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。
高中英语真题-Model9Unit4：Behindbeliefs_3
高中英语真题:Model9Unit4：BehindbeliefsGrammar and usage【Teaching Aims】how to analyze complicated sentences【Teaching Important Points】Help the students to establish a clear understanding of si mple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences a nd complex-compound sentences.【Teaching Difficult Points】simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences and complex-compound sentences【Teaching Aids】1. The multimedia2. The blackboard【Teaching Procedures】Step 1 General introduction句子的定义句子的定义:句子是包含主语和谓语部分的一组词。
它有一定的语法结构和语调，用以表达一个比较完整的独立的概念。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写，句子末尾要有句号、问号或感叹并列部分和从属部分同时用在一个句子中。
He shouted to attract our attention andasked us if we hadwon the previousday’s match.并列部分：He shouted to attract our attention and asked从句：if we had won theprevious day’s matchboth … and …, not o nly … but (also) …, as well as, and … as we ll, not … nor …, neith er ... no r…Whether … or ..., eit her … or …Either the president will r esign through ill-health, or he will die in off ice.非限制性定语从句This is where I don’t agree.Bring it near sothat I may see it better.谓语： remained so cheerful an d confident状语： eager to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades. (表示伴随状态)；ill and suffering as she was a fter the inhuman tortures.(让步状语从句, 两处状语均用来修饰谓语。
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Grammar and usage Analysis of complicated sentences
Description：
The grammar item in this unit focuses on how to analyze complicated sentences. This lesson will help students revise what simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences and complexcompound sentences are and their structures.
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Put the following words into sentences
1) turned trees green. (SVP)
Trees turned green.
2) the car in the end stopped (SV)
The car stopped in the end.
3) the left the open visitor gate (SVOC)
（一）simple sentence
•
structure : subject + predicate 五种基本句型
1. 主语+不及物动词[SV] Everybody smiled. 2. 主语+及物动词+宾语 [SVO] He knows everything. 3. 主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 【SVOO] I showed him my passport. 4. 主语+系动词+表语 [SVP] The boy looks healthy. 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语 [SVOC] What made you angry?
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7) Its meaning can be different from the meanings of its components. SVP 8) In April 2005,India and China made a plan to work together to build a new India-style Pagoda west of the White Horse Temple. SVO
Compare the following two sentences and tell the structures of them.
An idiom is a group of words or an expression. 1)and the meaning of the expression
My friend gave me a birthday present.
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Study the sentences and find out how they are different from simple sentences.
1）There are many idioms used in English and quite a few of them come from the Bible. 2) ‘By and by’ now means ‘before long’, but in the Bible, it was used to mean ‘immediately’. 3）Take a map with you, and you will find your way easily.
and, both…and…, not only… but (also)…, neither...nor or..., either…or… but, while, however, yet, whereas so , therefore , for (for对前一分句补充说明理由或 推断原因，只能置于句末)
祈使句的主语一般都省略掉
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Identify the sentence patterns
1) The guest has just arrived. SV 2) Mr. Black is English. SVP 3) Mr. Black is a doctor. SVP 4) She picked a flower. SVO 5) The teacher taught us a new song. SVOO 6) Parents should encourage their children to get cl14
Combine the two simple sentences
1) 1.Pure Pure salt salt will will not not lose lose its its flavour. flavour Impure but salt impure will lose salt will its flavour. (lose its(but) flavour). 2) 2.Idioms Idioms are an important part of language. are an important part of language They are are used in everything from literature and they used in everything from to films and newspapers. (and) literature to films and newspapers.
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Study the sentences and find out how many subjects and predicates each sentence has.
1) The guest has just arrived. 2) Mr. Black is English. 3) Mr. Black is a doctor. 4) She picked a flower. 5) The teacher taught us a new song. 6) Parents should encourage their children to get close to nature. 6
2)whose meaning
often cannot be understood by looking at the meanings of the separate words in it. .
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more examples:
1) Unless you recognize when an idiom is being used, you can easily misunderstand the meaning of a sentence.
To be specific, the members of sentences include: S (subject 主语) P (predicate or predicate verb 谓语或谓语动词 O ( object 宾语） C ( complement 补语) A( attribute 定语) A( adverbial 状语) A( appositive 同位语).
The visitor left the gate open. He is looking for his glasses.
4) is, looking for ,he ,his glasses (SVO) 5) my birthday me friend a present gave (SVOO)
(Underlined part serves as the adverbial.)
( Both of the underlined parts serve as objects.) 18
2）The text goes on to say that if salt loses its flavour, then it should be thrown away, meaning that if you are not honest, then you are worth nothing.
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（二）compound sentence
• Structure :
subject + predicate + and/but/or/for +subject + predicate
把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来， 则成为一个并列句。
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常用并列连词 (coordinating conjunctions)
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What makes a sentence? • Subject
about.
is what the sentence is
• Predicate
tells us something about the subject and always include a verb.
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Identify the subjects and the predicates of the following sentences.
1. 名词性从句 2.状语从句
3.定语从句
中学生英文写作中经常使用的从句有：
1.宾语从句
2.状语从句 3.定语从句
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指出下列各从句的类型：
I hope that everything is all right. She was reading the newspaper when I came in. She is the girl who sings best of all. 宾语从句
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4）Take a map with you, or you’ll get lost. 5）Nobody answered the door, so I left. 6）Some people have everything while others have none. 7）Not only did he believe the story but also he persuaded others to believe it.