2.5维电子地图的制作与发布

Name : ChenXun
(Signature)
Instructor: Yang Yongchong
(Signature)
ABSTRACT
As the map service based on WebGIS and mobile GIS technology gradually becomes mainstream in GIS industry, map products need to be cheaper and fast in transmission speed, and 3D electronic map products can not realize fast access and browsing in current network, therefore 2.5D electronic map products based on oblique axis projection are becoming acceptable. 2.5D electronic map not only succeeds the powerful functions in analysis and processing and data collection of 2D electronic map, but also makes up for the disadvantage of presentation of 2D GIS map using its vivid and real spatial presentation ability. It’s significant for application and promotion of urban GIS using the application platform of 2.5D electronic map established through studying 2.5D electronic map production and map projection.
2 主要理论与技术综述 ............................................................................................................ 5 2.1 2.5 维电子地图定义 ........................................................................................................ 5 2.1.1 鸟瞰图 ................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 三维数字地图 ....................................................................................................... 5 2.1.3 数字侧视地图（2.5 维地图） ............................................................................. 6 2.2 地图投影 ......................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 三维建模技术 ................................................................................................................. 8 2.4 WebGIS 技术.................................................................................................................... 9 2.5 瓦片地图技术 ............................................................................................................... 10 2.6 主要应用的软件简介 ................................................................................................... 12 2.6.1 AutoCAD .............................................................................................................. 12 2.6.2 SketchUp .............................................................................................................. 12 2.6.3 3ds Max ................................................................................................................ 12 2.6.4 Photoshop ............................................................................................................. 12 2.6.5 ArcGIS 软件平台 ................................................................................................. 13
关 键 词：2.5 维地图；三维建模；地图投影；地图配准；地图发布；ArcGIS Server； JavaScript API
研究类型：应用研究
Subject : Production and Publication of 2.5D Electronic Map
Specialty : Cartography and Geographic Information System
本文以乌市经济开发区卫星广场及周边地区为实验对象，通过二维地形图到三维场 景建模，纹理采集到模型贴图，渲染出图到图幅拼接一系列流程，探讨了小区域快速构 建 2.5 维场景的方法，对大范围城市 2.5 维场景的建立同样具有参考价值。分析了不同 的地图投影对 2.5 维电子地图变形产生的影响，确定地图投影和坐标系，并对不同的地 图配准方式进行了探讨。利用 2.5 维地图成果发布地图服务，结合 ArcGIS Online 提供 的在线城市基础地图服务，对比 ArcGIS Server 平台下 WebGIS 二次开发的方式，采用 JavaScript API 的方式建立了一个基础的 2.5 维地图应用平台。在此平台的基础上对部分 功能进行了设计和实现，为建立各种 2.5 维专题城市地理系统提供了有效的参考。
Keywords: 2.5D map; 3D modeling; map projection; map registration; map publication; ArcGIS Server; JavaBaidu Nhomakorabeacript API
Thesis : Application Research
目录
目录
1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 论文研究的背景及意义 ................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ............................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 国内研究现状 ....................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 国外研究现状 ....................................................................................................... 2 1.3 本文研究内容及章节安排 ............................................................................................. 3 1.3.1 本文研究的主要内容 ........................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 章节安排 ............................................................................................................... 4
This article uses satellite square and its surrounding area in Urumqi as the experimental object, through a series of procedures such as modeling from 2D map to 3D scene, texture collection, model decals, rendering and map splicing, studies the method of fast establishment of 2.5D scene of small area, has reference value for the establishment of 2.5D scene of large areas in cities, analyzes influence on 2.5D electronic map of different map projections, defines map projection and coordinate, and studies different map registration modes. It uses 2.5D map to release map service, integrates online urban basic map service provided by ArcGIS Online, compares WebGIS secondary development mode under the platform of ArcGIS Server, uses JavaScript API mode to establish a basic 2.5D map application platform, on the basis of which partial functions can be designed and realized, providing useful reference for establishing all kinds of 2.5D thematic urban GIS.
论文题目：2.5 维电子地图的制作与发布 专 业：地图学与地理信息系统 硕 士 生：陈 迅 指导老师：杨永崇
（签名） （签名）
摘要
随着以 WebGIS 技术和移动 GIS 技术为基础的地图服务逐渐成为 GIS 行业的主流， 地图产品要求建设成本低廉、网络传输速度快等特点，三维电子地图产品不能在现有网 络环境下实现快速访问和浏览，基于侧轴投影的 2.5 维电子地图产品开始被人们所接受。 2.5 维电子地图除了继承二维电子地图在数据采集、分析与处理等方面的强大功能外， 其直观和真实的空间表现能力，弥补了二维 GIS 图形表现的局限性。通过研究 2.5 维电 子地图的制作方法，地图投影方式，构建 2.5 维电子地图的应用平台，对城市地理信息 系统的应用和推广具有重要意义。