虚拟语气复习

+ would/could/should have done (对过去虚拟)
5. 用without, but for代替if，引导虚拟结构。 1) We might have died without your help. = We might have died if you hadn’t helped us. 2) But for your warning, we wouldn’t have
1) I was busy last week, otherwise I would
have come to see you.
your number.
2) I would have called you, but I forget
1.If I were / was you, I would go at once. 2. If there were no air, people would die. 3. If you had gone there earlier,
sb. did…, otherwise sb. would have done… 对现在的虚拟 sb. would do…(虚拟句) , but +sb. do… (真 实句)
sb. do…, otherwise sb. would do
含蓄条件句 But for / Without
But for/Without + n. , sb. + would/could/should do (现在虚 拟)
7. I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you.
8. I would have called you, but I forgot your telephone number.
9. He speaks English as if he were an
＋should do
should do
＋were to do C
c
Had , Were, Were to , Should 提前倒装
1.如果我昨天发烧了,我今天就不能呆在这了。
If I had had a fever yesterday, I would not stay here today. 2.如果品冠当初没进入娱乐圈(entertainment circle), 他就当警察了 If PinGuan hadn’t entered the entertainment circle, he would have been a policeman. 3.要不是班主任的领导，我们班就不可能取得这么大 的进步。
[注意] 在此句型中, should 一般翻译为“应该”。 9. He speaks English as if he were an
Englishman.
10. It is high time that you should have a class.
11. It is strange that he should go himself. 12. It is a pity that you should miss a good
2. I wish I were you. 与现在事实相反 3. I wish I could be of more use in the future.
与将来事实相反 2.在suggest, advice, insist, demand, order, command, recommend, require, request, propose 等动词的宾语从句。 其形式为“should+动词原形”, should 可以省略。
chance. 13. It is necessary that you should go there. 14. I would rather you had gone there.
1. My father was angry and ordered that my brother
__A____ the room at once
表请求 require ,request , demand ask 表命令 order , command , conduct ,direct 后面接从句时 ，以及这些词对应的名词形式接从句时，一律 都要用虚拟语气，其结构为主语后+ (should) do 或(should ) be done
4. It is necessary that… suggested, requested, proposed …
Englishman.
10. It is high time that you should have a class.
11. It is strange that he should go himself. 12. It is a pity that you should miss a good
chance. 13. It is necessary that you should go there. 14. I would rather you had gone there.
3. I wish I could be of more use
in theห้องสมุดไป่ตู้future. 与将来事实相反
5. as if 虚拟
6.固定句式虚拟
It is (high) time that sb did. …. It is + adj. that sb. should do 本打算,计划做某事(但没做) had meant 本想…(但没做)
summary： 1.在wish/ If only 后面加的宾语从句中，表与现在不能实现的 愿望，从句用did，表与过去不能实现的愿望，从句用“had done,表与将来不能实现的愿望，从句用“could/would +do
2. 表建议 suggest(suggestion), insist ,advise(advice), propose(proposal) , recommend
A. leave B. left C. would leave
D. was leaving
2. The teacher demanded that the exam __C__ before
eleven.
A must finish B would be finished
C be finished D must be finished
be handed in at once
2.He insisted she not come to help him 其形式为“should+动词原形”, should 可以省略。 但是suggest 翻译成表明，暗示时，
insist翻成译坚持认为、说要用陈述 语气
虚拟语气在各种从句中的应用
（一）宾语从句 1.在wish后面加的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气，其 形式与if条件句中的从句的时态是一致的， 即时态往前推一个。 eg. 1. I wish I had learned more. 与过去事实相反
[注意] 以上动词的名词形式所加的表语或者 同位语从句中同样要用虚拟。 eg. 1. My suggestion is that we (should) do the
experiment again. 2. My suggestion that we (should) do the experiment again has been accepted by them. 3. His proposal is that they (should) challenge the other groups to a friendly competition. 4. His proposal that they (should) challenge the other groups to a friendly competition is praised by the teacher.
4.他本来能完成英语作业的,但是昨天别的作业太多了
He could have finished English homework, but the other homework yesterday was too much. The other homework yesterday was too much, otherwise he could have finished English
一：虚拟语气在if 条件中的用法
条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
现在 If 主语＋did / were
would/could//might
A should do
a
过去 If 主语＋had done would/could/might/sh
B ould+have done b
将来 If 主语＋did / were would/could//might
been aware of danger. = If you hadn’t warn us, …… 6. 用but, otherwise连接的句子的虚拟 1) I was busy last week, otherwise I would
have come to see you. I would have called you, but I forget your number.
虚拟语气在各种从句中的应用 （一）宾语从句 1.在suggest,advise,insist,propose,recommend
ask, demand, desire ,require, request, command ,order等动词的宾语从句。
1.The teacher ordered that homework (should)
虚拟语气反馈
1.If 条件句基本形式 倒装结构 错综时间条件句
1. I wish I had learned more. 与过去事实相反
半真半假条件句 含蓄条件句
2. I wish I were you. 与现在事实相反
2. wish/if only 虚拟 3. 表建议，要求，命令 4. would rather+句子虚拟
= We might have died if you hadn’t helped us.
2) But for your warning, we wouldn’t have been
aware of danger.
= If you hadn’t warn us, ……
6. 用but, otherwise连接的句子的虚拟
4. It is necessary that…
suggested, requested, proposed …
[注意] 在此句型中, should 一般翻译为“应该”。
5. 用without, but for代替if，引导虚拟结构。
1) We might have died without your help.
you would have caught the first bus. 4. If I eared / should / were to earn enough
money next month, I would treat you to beefsteak. 5. If you heat ice, it will turn into water. 6. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go camping. 7. I wish I had learned more in junior school.
But for the leadership ofour head teacher, our class wouldn't have made great progress /advances.
错综时间条件句 注意时间状语，按各自时间状语变化
半真半假条件句 but +真实句// 真实句+ otherwise 对过去的虚拟 sb. would have done… , but sb. did