高中英语——句子结构ppt课件

➢你可否把书单用电子邮件发给我？
Can you e-mail me the book list?
➢把那本书扔给我。
Throw me that book.
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基本句型 五 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及 物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整 的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语， 才能使意思完整。
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Your father is standing there. His teacher came in with a book in his hand. The bus started and arrived there at eight
o’clock.
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Flowers come out in spring. The plane has already left. Is the baby dog sleeping?
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须 跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个 是动作的间接承受者。
通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动 作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时， 这一介词往往被省略。
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She gave me her telephone number.
她似乎对计划不感兴趣。
She doesn’t seem very interested in the
plan.
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➢天越来越冷了。
练习
It’s getting cold.
➢孩子不久就睡着了。
Soon the child fell asleep. ➢他长得相当高了。
He has grown quite tall. ➢听到这消息她脸色变得苍白。
2. She laughed at
3. He understands
8. He made
5. They ate
6. Danny likes
7. I
want
4. He said
the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts. to have a cup of tea. "Good morning."
keep painted
call found makes saw asked saw
the table the door supper the house him him me them
主语 谓语 间接宾语
直接宾语
或：
She gave her telephone number to me.
主语 谓语
直接宾语
间接宾语
◆间接宾语放后面时要在其前加”to” 或 “for”
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1） I showed him the photo yesterday.
I showed the photo to him yesterday.
2. The dinner smells(闻) good.
3. He
fell
happy.
4. Everything looks
different.
5. He
is
tall and strong.
6. The book is
interesting.
7. The weather became warmer.
8. His face
turned red.
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1). His parents are in the kitchen now. 2). You looked happy yesterday. 3). This song doesn’t sound beautiful. 4). Did your father get angry?
➢他们很快控制了病情。
They soon controlled the disease.
➢他们只是在建空中楼阁。
They are just building castles in the air.
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➢ 我十分欣赏你们的表演。 练习
I enjoyed every minute of your performance.
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基本句型 二基本主句＋型系＋二表
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都 不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语
身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的
意思。 这类动词叫做连系动词。 系动词分两类：be, look, feel, smell, taste, sound等属
That will save you a lot of trouble.
➢请帮我把今天的报纸拿来。
Please fetch me today’s paper.
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➢把车钥匙递给我。
练习
Hand me the car key.
➢把你们的计划用传真发给我们。
Please fax us your plans.
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① My brother didn’t do his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ How many new words did you learn
last class? c
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④ They don't know who "Father Christmas" is.
She went pale at the news.
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基本句型 三 主＋谓＋宾
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有 实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完 整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承 受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物 动词。
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Ｓ Ｖ（实义动词）
Ｏ(宾语)
1. Who knows
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找出下列句子中的表语：
① The old man was feeling very tired.
A
BC
D
② Why is he worried?
AB
③ The leaves have turned yellow.
A
BC D
④ They all became interested in the subject.
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补语
补语是用于补充说明主语或宾语的身份或特
征。
可以用做补语的有名词、形容词、不定式、 分词、介词短语等.
EveHe is called Jack.（主补）
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主语 及物动词 宾语
宾补
1. We 2. They 3. They 4. They 5. What 6. We 7. He 8. I
= She cooked a big meal for us.
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常带双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的动词（分为 A、B两类）
A：动词后加to
give , show , send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise…
︳
︳
系动词
表语
︳
解释说明主语的性质或特征等
2). 感官动词： look, sound,feel, taste, smell等
3).表”变化”的词：become, get, turn等； 还有seem, keep, stay等。
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Ｓ
Ｖ
（是系动
词）
Ｐ(表语)
1. This
is
an English dictionary.
我们很少在外边吃饭。 We seldom dine out.
昨天发生了事故。
The accident occurred yesterday.
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练习
一个来自美国的老人午夜时分在他宽大的卧 室里快乐地跳着舞。
At midnight, an old man who comes from America was dancing happily in his own big bedroom.
句子结构
-----英语的五种基本句型
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为什么要学习英语的句子结构？ —学好句子结构是学好英语的前提
1. 帮助我们学好其他英语语法知识。 2. 帮助我们写出正确的英语句子，形成并提高英
语书面表达的能力。 3. 帮助我们正确使用英语单词，提高单词拼写及选
词填空等用词能力。 4. 有助于我们提高阅读能力和其他英语应用能力。
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Ｓ
1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. We all 5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9.He 10.They
Ｖ （不及物动词）
flies. rose. cooked. eat, and drink. laughed? woke. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday is playing have gone
■ 定语和状语是句子中的修饰成份，不列
入基本句型中
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主语：动作发出者
谓语：主语发出的动作
宾语：动作的承受者
补语：补充说明主语或宾语
状语：表示时间、地点、方式、原因、目 的、程度、比较和伴随成分
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基本句型 一 主＋谓
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子 的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。