声波测井仪器Acoustic Tools 5700

Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Cdlc
ktkf
Borehole Compensated Slowness Measurement
CDLC
T1
Dt1 = Dt2 = T1R2 - T1R1 Receiver Spacing T2R1 - T2R2 Receiver Spacing
B C D E
Assuming C = E
R1
R2
Receiver Spacing
Dt =
D
Receiver Spacing
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
6” Dt from 1 Transmitter & 4 Receivers
T T
Transmitter Dt DtTR2 - DtTR1 = DtR2R1 DtTR3 - DtTR2 = DtR3R2 DtTR4 - DtTR3 = DtR4R3 DtR2R1 + DtR3R2 + DtR4R3 Transmitter Dt = 3 Receiver Dt DtTR2 - DtTR1 = DtR2R1 DtTR3 - DtTR2 = DtR3R2 DtTR4 - DtTR3 = DtR4R3
Synthetic Transmitter Array 6”
T
CDLC
R1 R2 R3 R4
R1 R2 R3 R4
T
T
R1 R2 R3 R4
R1 R2 R3 R4
R1 R2 R3 R4
Receiver Array
DtR2R1 + DtR3R2 + DtR4R3 Receiver Dt = 3
Dt6” =
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Cdlc
ktkf
Receivers - Dipole vs. Monopole
CDLC
R
+
Y1
X Dipole
X1
X2
S
+
Monopole
Y2
Y Dipole
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
tables, etc.通过 WTS M2通道 采集服务表 (subsets) 是地面要求采集的那一
种数据
1667EA电子线路作用
CDLC
The 4 channel 12 bit A/D card under the control
of the CPU card accomplishes full waveform processing of four receivers simultaneously. During an acquisition sequence, the mandrel is set up to select the transmitter, receivers, and gains based on the acquisition table.
R1 R2
Dt1 + Dt2 Dt = 2
T2
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
R3
R
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
R4
4 Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Cdlc
ktkf
Dipole vs. Monopole
Source P S Wave P S Wave
CDLC
P
P
P
Receiver P Wave S Wave P Source
P P Wave S Wave
P
Receiver
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
1667EA电子线路作用
CDLC
主要用于井下数据采集, 是阵列声波仪器谣传接
口 (DAC, DAL, MAC)
1667EA 电子线路接到阵列声波声系的上部，
控制声系信号的接收
1667EA电子线路作用
CDLC
采集到的阵列声波仪器数据通过WTS T5通道
送到地面系统.
Commands, Down-loading and Up-loading
Dipole声波
CDLC
使用偶极声源，这种声源是一种定
向的压力源，由两个相位相反且耦 合在一起的单极声源组成。这种压 力源可使井壁产生小的弯曲，因而 能在地层中激发弯曲波或挠曲波， 它是一种频散现象很强的波，当频 率很低时，其速度接近于横波速度 ，故可在软地层用来代替横波速度 。
CDLC
偶极声波测井仪使用了具有方向性
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Cdlc
ktkf
Cross Dipole - Shear Wave Splitting
CDLC
Biblioteka Baidu
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Cdlc
ktkf
声波仪器
CDLC
Dipole声波
CDLC
偶极技术可使我们在软地层中像在硬地层中一样测取
地层的横波。由于受到井眼、地层物理特性的限制， 单极声波测井仪只能在声波传播速度大于井眼流体传 播速度的地层（即硬地层）中测取横波速度，但偶极 横波成像仪克服了这一缺点，在软地层中同样可以测 取横波速度。 偶极横波成像仪把新一代的偶极技术与最新发展的单 极技术结合在一起，从而提供了当今测量地层纵波、 横波和斯通利波的最好方法 它解决了慢速地层的横波测量问题
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
Receiver Dt + Transmitter Dt 2
Cdlc ktkf
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Cdlc
ktkf
Dipole in the Presence of Azimuthal Anisotropy
CDLC
N
S1 (Fast)
q
-
+
S2 (Slow)
Dipole
596117.ppt
4
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
1667EA 仪器特性

CDLC
Tool Diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.38 in. (85.7 mm) Make-up Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ft. 9.8 in (2.38 m) Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 lbs (61.69 kg) Maximum Logging Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 ft/min (18 m/min) Power Requirements: Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 AC at 100 ma Wireline Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WTS Instrument Bus Telemetry Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WTS T2 Channel 20.8 kbits/sec (To instrument) T2 Channel 41.6 kbits/sec (To surface) T5 Channel 93.75 kbits/sec (To surface only)
Cdlc
ktkf
6” Dt from 1 Transmitter & 4 Receivers
T T T
CDLC
R1
6”
Synthetic Transmitter Array
T
T
R1
R2
R1
R2 R3 R4
R2
R3 R4
R3
R4
R1 R1 R2 R2 R3
Receiver Array
Cdlc ktkf
Cancellation
CDLC
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
TR
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Cdlc
ktkf
Slowness Measurement
CDLC
A
T
Dt = Dt =
TR2 - TR1 Receiver Spacing
(A+B+D+E) - (A+B+C)
Receiver Spacing
CDLC
声波仪器
Piezoelectric Transducers
CDLC
+
T
-
R
Piezoelectric Transducers
CDLC
T
T
R R
Slowness Measurement
CDLC
A
T
Dt = (A+B+C) / TR
B C R
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
Efficiency….Data accuracy….People-oriented service
Cdlc
ktkf
Tool Tilt or Cave Boundary
CDLC
A
A
T
B C D E
B C D E
R1
R2
© 2000 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved. © 2002 Baker Hughes Incorporated All rights reserved.
的发射器和接收器。偶极发射器很 像一个活塞，它使井眼一侧的压力 增加，而使另一侧的压力减小，引 起井壁出现小的扰动； 这样就在地层中直接激发出纵波和 横波
Dipole声波作用
测量结果除传统纵波的用途外，其它的
CDLC
关键应用如下：机械特性分析：在这方 面的应用包括井眼稳定性分析、射孔稳 定性分析或出砂分析以及压裂高度预测 等；地层评价：应用包括气层探测、自 然裂缝探测和评价，以及定量指示渗透 率等；地球物理解释：应用包括合成地 震道以及对AVO分析技术所输入的幅度 数据进行刻度等；地层各向异性：把各 向异性与来自岩石物理地质以及油藏工 程等方面的数据结合在一起可以反应出 某些特征的连通情况以及流体的流动路 径等。