2018版高考英语二轮(专用)训练题： 概要写作 (1)
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题5 第3讲 概要写作 Word版含解析
第3讲概要写作(对应学生用书第94页)概要写作作为浙江英语高考新题型，就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也称之为摘要。
写概要时，读者要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。
这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
[选材特点]1．所需阅读的短文词数在350以内；2．所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
[评分参考]阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：1．对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；2．应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；3．上下文的连贯性；4．对各要点表达的独立性情况。
注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。
相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低；所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。
[写作步骤]1．阅读首先要通读全文，对文章的体裁和大意有所了解。
阅读时要快速地找到主题句，以便抓住中心，理解全文。
学生还需要根据文章内容列出一个简单的提纲，以便在写作过程中不会遗漏要点，总结全面。
2．写出初稿在写作过程中，学生要注意词数要求，使用精炼的句子概括文章的要点，可以引用所给阅读材料的重要词语，但不可过多，否则便失去了概要的意义；学生还需谨记：概要必须全面、清晰地表达所给阅读材料的信息，客观、准确地反映所给阅读材料的真实意图，不可随意添加或增减内容。
3．修正定稿初稿完成后，要将其与所给阅读材料核对一遍，看原材料中的要点是否在概要中都得到了体现，语句间的衔接是否符合逻辑，同时还需要检查句子是否有错误，时态和语态的使用是否正确，标点、格式、大小写是否有误等。
2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题5 第1讲 概要写作 Word版含解析
第一讲概要写作(对应学生用书第94页)一、记叙文的概要写作对记叙文进行概括时，要抓住原文的人物、事件、结果三大要素。
有些记叙文的结尾有一个点题句，表达深刻内涵或故事带给人们的启示，在写摘要时也需把故事寓意表达出来。
(一)记叙文摘要的写法——要素串联法1．寻词摘句，确定要素记叙文通常包含时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、起因(why)、经过(how)等六大要素。
在阅读时要圈定这些要素。
2．整合信息，串联要素列出上述要素和关键词后，需要对其进行整合，把所圈定的要素按一定的逻辑顺序，在整合时要有所取舍，对于有助于揭示主题的主要信息，应该全部概括；而对于主题之外的内容要毫不吝啬地舍弃。
3．认真审题，注意表达表达时要注意以下三点：(1)确定人称：如果原文是第一人称，在转述时一般要改为第三人称。
(2)确定时态：记叙文以一般过去时为主。
若记叙文中有作者从中得到的“启示”或“意义”等，一般用一般现在时表达。
(3)确定词数与句数：摘要要求是“以约30个单词概括”，从近两年高考阅卷的实际来看，满分作文概括的词数在26～38个单词之间。
受词数限制，概括部分一般用1～3句表达，以用2句最佳，句子过多，要么内容累赘，要么句式过于简单，均会影响表达效果。
(二)记叙文摘要的常用句式1．The writer mainly tells us...2．The author shares his experiences ...3．From the passage，we know that ...4．In the passage ...(三)典题示例阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括其内容要点。
After graduating from college，I decided to try for a job at a radio station，and then I would become a sports announcer.I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station，but got turned down every time.Seeing I was disappointed，my mother said，“Everything happens for the best.If you keep on trying，one day something good will happen.You'll realize that it wouldn't have happened if not for that previous disappointment.”In one studio，a kind lady told me that big stations couldn't risk hiring an inexperienced person.“Go to small towns to find a small station that will give you a chance，”she suggested.So I tried WOC Radio in Davenport，Iowa.The program director，Peter MacArthur，told me they had already hired an announcer.So I was refused.As I left his office，I asked aloud，“How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can't get a job in a radio station？”Suddenly MacArthur asked，“What did you say about sports? Do you know anything about football？” Then he let me stand before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game.The program director was satisfied with me and I became a sports announcer the next day.Whenever I faced disappointment，my mother's words would come to my mind.[点拨]1．这是一篇记叙文，概括前需找出：(1)谁？(the writer/author)(2)干了什么事？(failed lots of times in looking for a job)(3)结果如何？(felt very disappointed)(4)经验教训(his mother inspired him to keep on, and he succeeded at last) 2．然后用自己的话将上述要点表达出来，便是本文概要。
(完整)2018年浙江省高考新题型概要写作训练及指导
概要写作[考纲解读]提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60 词左右的内容概要。
[原题分析]1．原文材料350词以内，概要写作40～80 词。
2．原文以说明文、议论文为主。
3．概要，基本就是段落大意。
每段用一句话概括，或者两段一个大意，最多用两句话概括。
4．要着重训练自己文章主旨大意和各段段落大意的归纳概括能力。
[写作注意事项]1．找关键词和主题句，准确理解、分析原文要点，归纳段落大意。
2．各要点的表达要相对独立。
3．各要点之间要有适当的衔接。
4．句型力求简单，每句话要表意明白，无空泛、笼统、含混之词。
5．尽量使用短句，慎用长难句。
例如，尽量少用关系代词which，who 等引导的定语从句，而采用-ing 形式和-ed形式作定语。
6．多使用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。
[概要模板及句型]1．表示文章的内容以及研究目的①This paper is aimed at/covers/mainly deals with...②The article focuses on the topic of...2．表示研究的结论①The result showed that...②The author found that...③It was concluded that...3．表示推荐、观点或建议The author suggests/considers that...Suggestions are made for...实战演练 1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。
As most children return to school, many affluent families are choosing to pull their children out of the mainstream education system altogether in favor of having a tutor at home "Around 50 percent of the inquiries we're getting at the moment are for long-term, daily home tutoring," Steve Spriggs, managing director of London- based private tutoring service And, he adds, the trend has grown from families asking for personal tutors to replicate the classroom environment in their own homes. Many families that were making the inquiries for full -time home tutors, Spriggs said, were either travelling so frequently that sending their children to one school was impractical and others did not want their children to go into boarding school.Home tutoring is nothing new, and many tuition firms also offer extra tutoringservices to families wanting their children to have a little extra help learning ahead of entrance exams at competitive private schools in the U.K., such as Harrow, St. Pauls or Eton."We always make it clear to parents that we will only offer full -time home schooling for a year though," Spriggs explained. "Any more than a year and children start to lose out on what a school environment can give them, such as social skills and that vitalinteraction they need mitigate that anyway in our home tutoring with sports clubs of museum trips as part of the teaching program."Spriggs said that the costs of hiring a full -time tutor would exceed the fees of atop boarding school, which usually charge around ￡35,000 ($54,400) a year. Some families employ t-wtimo feu tllutors, one tocover humanities and the other to cover science and maths. Devising an educational plan for youngsters in these situations is not a quick process, however, taking up to six weeks to plan, Spriggs said, with a tutor being matched to the child to ensure they are compatible.参考范文： Home tutoring isn ' tr are in society. Some rich families choose full -time tutors because of frequent travelling or because they don ' t want their children to go into boarding sch要oo点l.（ 1） Meanwhile, to perform betterin entrance exams, some children need extra tutoring services.（要点 2） Some tuition firms add some activities to improve the social skills of the children .（要点 3） Although the costs of home tutoring are high, some families still employ two full -time tutors to ensure their children can gain balanced development.（要点 4）实战演练 2阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。
2018年高考全国卷Ⅱ 英语(word 高清晰版 +参考答案)
2018年全国普通高等学校统一考试英语试题Ⅱ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15B. £ 9. 18C. £ 9. 15答案是C。
第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does John find difficult in learning German?A. Pronunciation.B. V ocabulary.C. Grammar.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.3.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4.What are the speakers talking about?A. A restaurant.B. A street.C. A dish.5.What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was interesting.C. It was successful.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2018版高考英语二轮训练题：专题限时集训(二十一) 训练2 概要写作含解析
专题限时集训(二十一)概要写作训练2(对应学生用书第197页)A阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Peter loved to shop used articles.Almost a month ago，he bought a popular word game that used little pieces of wood with different letters on them.As he was purchasing it，the salesgirl said，“Oh，look，the game box hasn't even been opened yet.That might be worth some money.”Peter examined the box and，sure enough，it was completely covered in factory sealed plastic.And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.“You should put that up for auction(拍卖) on the Internet，and see what happens，”the salesgirl said.“Yes，you're right.People like something rare，”Peter agreed.“I can't imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”“Don't forget to tell me if you sell it，”the salesgirl smiled.“No problem，”Peter said.After he got home，Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game.But he couldn't find it.Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit search.The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game.Over the years，the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors.He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game.Peter emailed some of them，telling them what he had.Two weeks later，Peter went back to the shop.“Hello.Do you still remember the unopened word game？”The salesgirl looked at him for a second，then recognized him and said，“Oh，hi！”“I've got something for you，”Peter said.“I sold the game and made $1，000.Thank you for your suggestion.”He handed her three $100 bills.“Wow！”the salesgirl cried out.“Thank you.I never expected it.”【写作指导】通读全文可知，本文属于记叙文。
2018届高三英语二模汇编--概要写作
2018届高三英语二模汇编——概要写作1、2018黄浦二模Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Dangerous Downsides of PerfectionismIn one of my earliest memories, I’m drawing. I don’t remember what the picture is supposed to be, but I remember the mistake. My marker slips, an unintentional line appears and my lip trembles. The picture has long since disappeared. But that feeling of deep frustration, even shame, stays with me.That’s the thing about perfectionism, a crucially self-defeating way to move through the world. It makes you better at your career and relationships and life in general. Culturally, we often see perfectionism as a positive.But the disadvantage of perfectionism isn’t just that it holds you back from being your most successful, productive-self. Perfectionistic tendencies have been linked to a long list of clinical issues: depression, social anxiety disorder, eating disorders, and most damaging of all, suicide (自杀).“Based upon the 60-odd studies that we’ve done, the higher the perfectionism is, the more psychological disorders you’re going to suffer,” says York St John University’s Hill. “Factors often labeled ‘healthy’ perfectionism, like striving for excellence, aren’t actually perfectionism at all. They’re just conscientiousness(尽职尽责)—which explains why people with those tendencies often have different results in studies. Perfectionism isn’t interpreted by working hard or setting high goals. It’s that critical inner voice.”Take the student who works hard and gets a poor mark. If she tells herself, “I’m disappointed, but it’s okay; I’m still a good person overall,” that’s healthy. If the message is, “I’m a failure. I’m not good enough,” that’s perfectionism.Perfectionists can make smooth sailing into a storm, a brief ill wind into a category-five hurricane. Eventually, the behaviours perfectionists adapt, actually, do make them more likely to fail.答案：Many of us believe perfectionism is a positive. But researchers are finding that it is nothing short of dangerous, leading to a long list of health problems and failure in study or life. Besides, perfectionism is different from conscientiousness in that the former is connected with being particular about oneself. (50 words)2、2018普陀二模Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.” The difference, the researcherssupposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption.The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings…like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream…or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs…or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored.“We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.” The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it—it might help them have more fun.答案：A study shows if a person has a good short-term memory he is likely to feel bored quickly. Assuming memories of past experience may influence the different rates at which some people feel fed up, two researchers conducted a test, relating students’ memory capacity to their performance, and got the result. The findings may apply to marketing, self-controlling and educating. (60)3、2018徐汇二模A Workaholic EconomyAlthough the output per hour of work has more than doubled since 1945, leisure seems reserved largely for the unemployed and underemployed. Those who work full-time spend as much time on the job as they did at the end of World War Ⅱ. In fact, working hours have increased noticeably since 1970. Bookstores now abound with manuals describing how to manage time and cope with stress.There are mainly two reasons for lost leisure.Since 1970, companies have responded to improvements in the business climate by having employees work overtime rather than by hiring extra personnel. Some firms are even downsizing as their profits climb. A host of factors pushes employers to hire fewer workers for more hours and, at the same time, compels workers to spend more time on the job. Most of those incentives(诱因) involve the structure of compensation(报酬). The way salaries and benefits are organized makes it more profitable to ask 40 employees to labor an extra hour each than to hire one more worker to do the same 40-hour job. Once people are on salary, their cost to a firm is the same whether they spend 35 hours a week in the office or 70. Therefore, it is more profitable for employers to work their existing employees harder.For all that employees complain about long hours, they, too, have reasons not to trade money for leisure. “People who work reduced hours pay a huge penalty in career terms,” Bailyn of Massachusetts Institute of Technology maintains. “It’s taken as a negative signal about their commitment to the firm.” He adds that many corporate managers find it difficult to measure the contribution of their employees to a firm’s well-being, so they estimate staff productivity in terms of hours worked. Employees know this, and they adjust their behavior accordingly.答案：People actually work more hours than before despite the increased productivity. On one hand, it’s because the payment distribution system makes it economical for companies to have employees work overtime than hiring more people. On the other hand, employees tend to work long hours because their working time is linked to their contribution to the firm. (56 words)4、2018杨浦二模It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents’ views of life vary, they show their love in different ways.The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore, they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they have little respect for others’ opinions, least of all, their children’s. The sentence they say most frequently to their children is,“ you should do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all the time. They are soft, good-natured, and easy-going. They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children ask for. They are happy so long as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for their children’s sake. With their children at the center of their lives, they always ask, “What else can we do for you?”The friend-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Like good friends, they discuss with their children the latest news, share their children’s interests, and listen attentively to their children’s expression of emotion, whether it is ang er, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticking to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say: “Let’s put out heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-examine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.答案：Parents are generally classified into three different types. The monarch-type parents are self-centered and dominant, so they usually force their opinions on children. The servant-type parents are child-centered, willing to devote everything to meeting children’s demands unconditionally. The friend-type parents are democratic and wise, who accompany their children through effective communication and joint work. Children favor the last type.Parenting differs depending on parent’s different views of life. The Monarch-type parents don’t respect their children and force regulations upon them. The servant-type parents willingly sacrifice everything to satisfy children’s needs and wishes. The friend-type parents, the most welcomed type, are democratic and friendly while sticking to their principles. A re-examination of parenting is necessary for children’s healthy growth.5、2018崇明二模Do Smartphones Make Us Smarter?Should teachers allow cellphones in a classroom? A recent study on the way smartphones disturb learning might help explain the issue. Researchers published findings showing how students were affected by their phonesin the classroom. They explored the differences in student performance in four situations: open phone use allowed, phones allowed in the classroom but could not be used, no phones in the classroom and a no-instruction control group. After watching a 20-minute video, students took a short quiz. The result was that the students in a room without any cellphones performed significantly better on the test. Scientists believe the way we attach ourselves to our phones could be the problem.Smartphones have become so strongly established in society that many people are lost without them. We are now in an age when many people can’t imagine life without a phone. There is even a name for the anxiety caused by not having one—nomophobia, which is the powerful feeling people get when they don’t have signal, their battery is about to die, or they are separated from their phones. Their fear of missing out on important information or connections can have a controlling effect on their lives and can divide their attention from other important things like learning.So does information technology help or block the way we think? In the past, people relied heavily on specific knowledge and knew who in their circle of friends would be most likely to know things in different subjects. Now, our friend with all the information is the Internet. Indications are that people don’t remember information as well if they know they can use a computer or phone to recall it quickly. So it may be more difficult to move information from the Internet into our long-term memory.But the impact of being exposed to so much information isn’t all bad. Reports show that frequent Internet use can strengthen fast-paced problem solving and can speed up the ability to spot patterns in a lot of data.答案：Researchers recently found smartphones influenced learning. For one thing, smartphones have become an essential part of life, without which people feel at a loss, thus distracting their attention from learning. For another, people rely so heavily on smartphones that their long-term memory can be affected. However, having access to a large amount of information also benefits people in some aspects. (60 words)6、2018长宁二模The Conflict of the OrdersThe types of people who served as officials in the Roman government changed over time. These changes stemmed from the attempts of common people to more rights. The struggles became known as the Conflict of the Orders.In the early republic, Romans were divided into two classes of people: patricians and plebeians. Patricians were powerful landowners who controlled the government. As nobles, they inherited their power. Plebeians, who made up most of the population, were mainly farmers and workers. For many years, plebeians had few rights. They could vote, but they were barred from holding most public offices. Plebeians could not even know Roman laws because laws were not written down. In court, a judge stated and applied the law, but only patricians served as judges.Over time, plebeians increased their power through demand and strikes. They gained the right to join the army, hold government office, form their own assembly, and elect leaders. In one of their greatest victories, they forced the government to write down the laws of the Roman Republic. In about 450,B.C. the Romans engraved their laws on tablets called the Twelve Tables. The laws were placed in the Forum, the chief public square, for all to view.The first plebeians were appointed to the government in the late 400s B.C. After 342B.C., a plebeian always held one of the consul positions. By about 300 B.C. many plebeians had become so powerful and wealthy themselves that they joined with patricians to form the Roman nobility. From that time on, the distinction between patricians and plebeians was not as important. Membership in the nobility was still very important, however, since government officials were not paid a salary, only wealthy nobles could afford to hold office. Thus, the nobles still controlled the republic.答案：Romans consisted of two classes: patricians and plebeians. Patricians, the nobles, inherited power and controlled the government. Plebeians, the common people having few rights, gradually gained rights through struggles. Later, many plebeians gained power and wealth and became nobles. Only the rich could afford to hold the unpaid office, so the nobles still controlled Rome. (55words)7、2018松江（闵行）二模Quiet Virtue: The ConscientiousThe everyday signs of conscientiousness(认真尽责)—being punctual, careful in doing work, self-disciplined, and scrupulous (一丝不苟的) in attending to responsibilities—are typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen, the people who keep things running as they should. They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with. It’s the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence, who gets to work on time and never abuses sick leaves, who always gets things done on deadline.Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field. In studies of job performance, outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs, from semi-skilled labor to sales and management, depends on conscientiousness. Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer, those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales.Conscientiousness also offers a buffer(缓冲) against the threat of job loss in today’s constantly changing market, because employees with this quality are among the most valued. For the sales representatives, their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determining who stayed on.But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards, and so be overly judgmental when others don’t show the same high levels of model behavior. Factory workers who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize co-workers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationships.When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. Success in creative professions like art or advertising calls for a balance between wild ideas and conscientiousness. Without enough conscientiousness to follow through, people become mere dreamers, with nothing to show for their imaginativeness.答案：1. Conscientiousness is the feature of model organizational employees and keeps the company functioning successfully.2. Conscientiousness has both advantages and disadvantages.3. With conscientiousness, employees give outstanding performance, so they are less likely to be jobless.4. Meanwhile, conscientious people without social skills tend to have tense relationships with their fellowworkers and conscientiousness can also damage creativity.8、2018宝山二模Screen-addicted teens are unhappyA new study explored the link between adolescent life satisfaction and screen time. Researchers found that teens who spent more time in front of screen devices -- playing computer games, using social media, texting and video chatting -- were less happy than those who invested more time in non-screen activities like sports, reading newspapers and magazines, and face-to-face social interaction.Total screen avoidance doesn't lead to happiness either. The greater unhappiness among those with no screen exposure could be due to several factors, Twenge, the leading researcher said. “It could be that they are left out of the social scene of high school, that it’s very difficult to carry on friendships in high school these days without texting at all or being on social media.” It is also possible that those kids are outliers, Twenge said — teens with special needs or in special education, or those whose screens have been taken away from them by parents.The key to digital media use and happiness is limited use. The happiest teens used digital media a little less than an hour per day. But after a daily hour of screen time, unhappiness rises steadily along with increasing screen time, the researchers report in the journal Emotion."Make effort to spend no more than two hours a day on digital media, and try to increase the amount of time you spend seeing friends face-to-face and exercising -- two activities reliably linked to greater happiness." Twenge said."By far the largest change in teens' lives between 2012 and 2016 was the increase in the amount of time they spent on digital media, and the following decline in in-person social activities and sleep," the leading researcher said. "The arrival of the smartphone is the most reasonable explanation for the sudden decrease in teens' psychological well-being."答案：Researchers found Teens who spent less time in front of screens and more time in non-screen activities were happier. But totally avoiding/breaking away from screens can be unpleasant. Limited use of digital media along with non-screen activities works better. The arrival of smartphones brings about teens’ negative psychological effects. ( 47 words )9、2018奉贤二模The sharing economy has grown in recent years to include everything from apartment sharing to car sharing to community tool sharing.Since 2009, a new form of the sharing economy has been emerging in neighbourhoods throughout the US and around the world – Little Free Libraries. The libraries are boxes put in neighbourhoods from which local people can take out and put in books. Little Free Libraries come in all shapes and sizes. Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults or tour guides.In 2009, Tod Bol built the first Little Free Library in the Mississippi River town of Hudson, Wisconsin, to honour his mother, who loved reading. When he saw the people of his community gathering around it, exchanging conversation as well as books, he knew he wanted to take his simple idea further.Since then, his idea has become a movement, spreading from state to state and country to country. According to , there are now 18,000 of the little boxes around the world, found in each of the 50 US states and 70 countries in Europe, Africa and Asia.The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries. But an Atlantic article said that they are something different in a world of e-reader downloads. The little wooden boxes are refreshingly physical and human. When you open the door of the box, chance and your neighbours’ tastes determine what you’ll find. You might find a graphic novel, a cookbook or a tour guidebook.For many people, this sense of discovery is Little Free Libraries’ main appeal. “A girl walking home from school might pick up a graphic novel that gets her excited about reading; a man on his way to the bus stop might find a book of poetry that changes his view on life,” said The Atlantic article. “Every book is a potential source of inspiration.”答案：Little Free Libraries, composed of all sizes of boxes with various themes, have sprung up in neighborhoods across the world. Tod Bol established the first one to honor his mother fond of reading. After that, the idea spread internationally online. Different from e-reader downloads, books inside the wooden boxes can make readers excited or change their views etc. by inspiring them.10、2018嘉定二模题目与长宁区相同11、2018浦东二模Every time there is a mass shooting, the debate surrounding guns tends to flare up in America. The abuse of guns has been a serious problem in the US all along, but why doesn’t the US government just dismiss owning guns privately?The right to own a gun and defend oneself is central to American society. As early as the 1600s, when the first Europeans set foot on the continent of North America, they had to face a lot of dangers. They could only rely on themselves. Therefore, guns played a significant role in self-defense. Guns were also important in America’s Independent War and the Civil War.Secondly, the American founding fathers believed that gun ownership was necessary for a truly free country. If the government distrusts the people and disarms them, then that government no longer represents the people. The Second Amendment to the US Constitution specifies that the American people cannot be deprived of the“right to keep and bear arms.”So the sale and purchase of firearms are legal in the United States according to law.The importance of guns is also derived from the role of hunting in American culture. In the nation’s early years, hunting was essential for food and shelter. Today, guns are a vital part of hunting, which remains very popular as both a sport and a way of life in many parts of the country. People spend time with friends, sharing thepleasure that the sport brings.For those reasons, when critics say guns mean violence, they miss a large part of the picture, and they misrepresent the complex nature of America’s diverse gun culture. Most people who own guns privately, are actually part of the gun culture. They have rational and thoughtful reasons to own and use guns.答案：The US government doesn’t ban guns for the following reasons. Firstly, guns serve as a means of self-defense. Besides, the possession of a gun is a symbol of freedom. Finally, guns are important because hunting is still popular in people’s life as a sport. Despite the disputes, Americans are entitled to the use of guns. (55 words)12、2018静安二模African elephants are in trouble. Their numbers have fallen violently from as many as ten million a hundred years ago to as few as400,000 today. Losses are largely from poaching（偷猎）for the illegal ivory trade, and also because of the smaller living space for elephants, as people open up land for farming and development.Killing some elephants to help save the species is one suggested strategy for preserving them. Here’s the thinking: Invite rich hunters to pay generous fees to shoot specified numbers of elephants, and use that money as sources for various conservations.Some people claim that trophy hunting can provide generous financial support for people to conserve and restore wild elephant numbers, protect wildlife from poaching, and to help give local communities a boost in economy. Doing that, the theory goes, poor villagers won’t need to poach elephants to feed their families.To look into the new business closely, the trophy hunting industry does not provide significant benefits to the communities where it occurs. Across Africa, there are only about 15,000 hunting-related jobs created by the business—a tiny number, especially considering that the six main game-hunting countries alone have a population of nearly 150 million.Besides that, it is true the total income from trophy hunting is substantial. Take an unnamed area for example, the total income to wild conservancies from trophy hunting, amounted to $165,000. Six years later, this is expected to increase almost tenfold to $1,330,000. Yet after various kinds of processing fees and expenses are reduced, the local communities make an average of only ten cents a hectare (25 cents an acre) from trophy hunting. The return is so small that it justly explains locals’ lack of interest in preserving hunting areas and their continued poaching.答案：African elephants are endangered with greatly reduced numbers due to unlawful poaching and shrinking habitat. Trophy hunting, legal elephant shooting for conservation fund, is considered a solution. According to some, it helps maintain elephant population and benefits local economy. However, it turns out the business employs few people and hunt fee trickling down to local villagers and communities is minimal.13、2018青浦二模Ban the Bag!Standing in line at the grocery store last week, I watched the woman in front of me buy a tube of toothpaste.As the clerk placed her purchase in a plastic bag, I couldn’t help wondering how long it would take for that bag to end up in the trash. Then I noticed the big purse the woman was carrying and wondered why she had needed a plastic bag at all.People have come to rely on plastic bags as everything from shopping bags for groceries to trash-can bags. Although plastic bags can be recycled, only about one percent of those used in the United States are. Instead, after helping people transport items from one place to another, most are thrown away. They end up in landfills, where it can take a plastic bag up to a thousand years to decay. Some bags end up elsewhere in the environment, sticking to trees and fences, blocking rivers and oceans, or floating along city sidewalks.Plastic bags harm the environment in several ways. First, they break down into particles that pollute our soil and water. Because most plastic bags are made of polyethylene, a product derived from crude oil (原油) or natural gas, they waste nonrenewable resources. Plastic bags can also harm animals. Scientists estimate that more than one million sea animals, including whales, seabirds, and turtles, die each year from intaking or becoming stranded in plastic.People all over the world are starting to recognize the problems associated with plastic bags. Countries such as China, South Africa, Switzerland, and Uganda are taking action and banning the bags. Other nations, including Italy and Ireland, have been trying to restrict the use of plastic bags by taxing them. In the United States more and more communities are ridding themselves of plastic bags. Now more and more people are also purchasing inexpensive, reusable bags and using them when they shop. If we all take this simple step, we can be a part of a “green” revolution.答案：Plastic bags are widely applied in day-to-day deals, but very few of them are properly recycled, harming the environment greatly. They could pollute or waste resources and cause harm to animals. Thankfully, many countries have become aware of the seriousness, limiting or banning the use of them. More individuals are joining in the campaign for an environmentally-friendly society. (58 words)14、2018虹口二模Clearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news or comment and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.Face-to face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of current society. Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself is often almost eclipsed (失去优势) by international news.No longer is the possession of information restricted to a wealthy minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago, people used to go to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that is being。
高考“概要写作”教学课件-2025届高三英语上学期二轮复习专项
• 5. Prepare the first draft of your summary. b. The first sentence should also be written as a topic sentence
• 七、合并句子
• Wordy: An unexpected problem with the Channel Tunnel is stowaways. The stowaways are mostly illegal immigrants. They are trying to smuggle themselves into England. They cling to train roofs and undercarriages. (4句)
• （1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况； • （2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性； • （3）上下文的连贯性； • （4）对各要点表达的独立性情况。
概要写作第五档（21~25分）的要求
• —理解准确，涵盖全部要点。 • —能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。 • —有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。 • 完全使用自己的语言。
什么是 “要点”，什么是“细节”？
• 主旨(thesis): 作者想要表达的核心思想，较为笼统、概括，通 常出现在段落开头或结尾。全文的主旨通过主体段落的要点 (main points)来展开。说明文、议论文的要点通常都是明确表 达的。
• 要点(main ideas/points): 支持主旨的重要观点，通常一个主体 段落有一个要点。
• Concise: Delays and cost overruns plagued construction of the Channel Tunnel. Investors expect to earn profits at last, now that trains pass daily through the tunnel.
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮训练题：专题限时集训(二十一) 训练2 概要写作(含解析)
专题限时集训(二十一)概要写作训练2(对应学生用书第197页)A阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Peter loved to shop used articles.Almost a month ago，he bought a popular word game that used little pieces of wood with different letters on them.As he was purchasing it，the salesgirl said，“Oh，look，the game box hasn't even been opened yet.That might be worth some money.”Peter examined the box and，sure enough，it was completely covered in factory sealed plastic.And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.“You should put that up for auction(拍卖) on the Internet，and see what happens，”the salesgirl said.“Yes，you're right.People like something rare，”Peter agreed.“I can't imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”“Don't forget to tell me if you sell it，”the salesgirl smiled.“No problem，”Peter said.After he got home，Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game.But he couldn't find it.Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit search.The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game.Over the years，the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors.He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game.Peter emailed some of them，telling them what he had.Two weeks later，Peter went back to the shop.“Hello.Do you still remember the unopened word game？”The salesgirl looked at him for a second，then recognized him and said，“Oh，hi！”“I've got something for you，”Peter said.“I sold the game and made $1，000.Thank you for your suggestion.”He handed her three $100 bills.“Wow！”the salesgirl cried out.“Thank you.I never expected it.”【写作指导】通读全文可知，本文属于记叙文。
2018.11高考真题概要写作-夏桂桂(1)
Point 2: There's no excuse not to visit the schools in your local.
Point 2: It's a must to visit the local colleges.
?
“ to add another possibility to the last point ” “ to support the point ”
attend before your application.
Practice !
(1) It's suggested that you visit the colleges you want to attend before
your application _s_o_/ _so__th_a_t_/_i_n_o_r_d_e_r _th_a_t_/_a_n_d_t_h_e_re_f_o_r_e/_a_n_d__a_s_a_r_e_s_u_lt you can make a right decision. (表“因此”的连接词)
(2)_V_i_s_it_in_g__th_e__c_o_ll_e_g_es__y_o_u_w__a_n_t _to__a_tt_e_n_d_b_e_f_o_re__y_o_u_r_a_p_p_li_c_a_ti_o_n___ can help you make a right decision. (动名词作主语) (3)A__im__i_n_g_t_o_m__a_k_e_a_r_i_g_h_t _d_ec, iist'isosnuggested that you visit the colleges you want to attend before your application.(非谓语动词作目的状语) (4)I_n__o_rd_e_r_t_o_m__a_k_e__/ _F_o_r_t_h_e_p_u_r_p_o_se_/_s_ak_e__o_f_m__ak_i_n_g_a__r_ig_h_t_d_e_c_is_i_o_n_,
2018版高考英语二轮浙江专用课件：第1部分 专题1 模式2 主旨大意题 精品
21. What is the text mainly about? A．Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia. B．Williams' influence on Benjamin. C．The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist. D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
Say your cat weigh 5kg and eats one can of food each day.Each empty can of its food weights 40g.In a throwaway economy，you would throw away 5，475 cans over the cat's 15year lifetime.That's 219kg of steel—more than a fifth of a ton and more than 40 times the cat's weight.
2018版高考英语二轮训练题：专题限时集训(二十) 训练1 概要写作 Word版含解析
专题限时集训(二十)概要写作训练1(对应学生用书第195页)A【导学号：38144071】(2017·浙江金丽衢十二校第一次联考)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Most students experience a lot of stress while preparing for exams，as both their parents and teachers expect them to get high scores.Students who feel anxious are likely to experience problems like difficulty in concentrating while studying，confusion，feeling stressed while looking at difficult questions，feeling blank，sweating，sleepless，etc.Under such circumstances they end up scoring less than they could have.Therefore，it's extremely important for students to learn about how to overcome fear，so that they can take their examination confidently，finally earning good grades.Here are a few tips on ways to overcome exam fear.There are many students who take studies lightly，leaving everything to be studied at the last minute.As a result，when exams are around the corner，they feel scared，as they don't know where to start，and what to study.So the easiest way of overcoming this problem is to start studying much before the exam.Another common mistake that many students make is that they don't make an effort to understand the subject.When they have memorized things without understanding them，the chances of forgetting are more.Therefore，it is vital to understand the concept before memorizing it.In this way, you will never forget any important point.Besides，that the exams are coming does not mean that you have to sit with your books for the entire day，and students should take regular breaks to relax and refresh their mind.However，they should avoid watching too much TV and addicting themselves to the Internet，in which way，they are more likely to waste time.Apart from the tips above，here are some points that will help students cope with examrelated anxiety.For example，before the exam，avoid studying anything new or having conversations with your classmates about what they have studied and howmuch they have studied，both of which will make you more nervous.During the exam, if you get blank after seeing difficult questions，ignore them for the time being，and deal with those you find easier.Once you have completed them，go back to the difficult ones.【写作指导】本文指出了学生考前压力产生的原因以及克服的办法。
2018年浙江英语高考概要写作真题
fair can't take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you'd like to attend.
第四页，编辑于星期五：十点 五十九分。
• IIff ccaammppuussvvisisititssaarreenn't'tggooininggtotohhapapepnen bbeeffoorreeyyoouuaappplyl,ya, tatthtehevevreyrlyealesat sytoyuou sshhoouuldldfifninddssoommeetimtime ebebtewteweeneanpapplypinlyging aannddggeetttitninggyyoouur racaccecpetpatnacnecleetlteetrtsertso to vviissiitttthheesscchhoooolslsyoyuo'ud'dlikleikteotaottaetntednd. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don't like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn't know unless you actually visit.
(2021年整理)(完整)2018高考英语全国卷II(精校版)含答案
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2018高考英语全国卷II第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分)第一节（功5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7。
5分)听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题,从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍.1.what does john find difficult in learning German?A.PronunciationB.VocabularyC.Grammar2。
What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A。
Colleagues B。
Brother and sister C。
Teacher and student 3。
Where does the conversation probably take place?A。
In a bank B. At a ticket coffee C。
On the train4。
What are the speakers talking about?A。
A restaurant B。
A street C。
A dish5. How does this woman think of her interview?A.It was tough B。
2018版高考英语二轮训练题：专题限时集训(二十) 训练1 概要写作 Word版含解析
2018版高考英语二轮训练题：专题限时集训(二十) 训练1 概要写作 Word版含解析Most students ___ difficulty concentrating。
n。
stress。
feeling blank。
sweating。
and sleeplessness。
___。
it is crucial for students to learn how to ___。
Here are a few tips to do so.___ until the last minute。
___。
it is ___.Another common mistake that students make is ___ it。
This can lead to ___。
it ___ it.While it is ___。
it is also important to take breaks and refresh your mind。
However。
students should be mindful of how they___ or browsing the。
as this can be a waste of time.To help students deal with exam-related anxiety。
it is ___ increase nervousness and distract from the task at hand。
During the exam。
if faced with difficult ns。
it is ___。
return to the challenging ns.In summary。
managing exam-related stress ___ strategies。
students can better cope with the anxiety and perform to the best of their abilities.___。
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专题限时集训(二十) 概要写作训练1(对应学生用书第195页)A【导学号：38144071】(2017·浙江金丽衢十二校第一次联考)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Most students experience a lot of stress while preparing for exams，as both their parents and teachers expect them to get high scores.Students who feel anxious are likely to experience problems like difficulty in concentrating while studying，confusion，feeling stressed while looking at difficult questions，feeling blank，sweating，sleepless，etc.Under such circumstances they end up scoring less than they could have.Therefore，it's extremely important for students to learn about how to overcome fear，so that they can take their examination confidently，finally earning good grades.Here are a few tips on ways to overcome exam fear.There are many students who take studies lightly，leaving everything to be studied at the last minute.As a result，when exams are around the corner，they feel scared，as they don't know where to start，and what to study.So the easiest way of overcoming this problem is to start studying much before the exam.Another common mistake that many students make is that they don't make an effort to understand the subject.When they have memorized things without understanding them，the chances of forgetting are more.Therefore，it is vital to understand the concept before memorizing it.In this way, you will never forget any important point.Besides，that the exams are coming does not mean that you have to sit with your books for the entire day，and students should take regular breaks to relax and refresh their mind.However，they should avoid watching too much TV and addicting themselves to the Internet，in which way，they are more likely to waste time.Apart from the tips above，here are some points that will help students cope with examrelated anxiety.For example，before the exam，avoid studying anything new or having conversations with your classmates about what they have studied and howmuch they have studied，both of which will make you more nervous.During the exam, if you get blank after seeing difficult questions，ignore them for the time being，and deal with those you find easier.Once you have completed them，go back to the difficult ones.【写作指导】本文指出了学生考前压力产生的原因以及克服的办法。
文章包含的信息较多，概括时一定要理清重点信息，把握要点，不要被分支信息分散了注意力。
本文的要点信息较多，写概要时全部包含，不要漏掉信息。
【参考范文】Most students will experience stress during examination periods.(要点1)To overcome it，students should make a good preparation ahead of time.(要点2)Besides，understanding what you are learning instead of just memorizing it matters greatly.(要点3)Learning to relax properly before exams is of benefit.(要点4)It is wise not to learn anything new and talk with classmates about what they have studied or how much they have studied.(要点5)Clever methods during the exams，such as completing easy questions first，also count in dealing with anxieties.(要点6)B(2017·浙江衢州高三一模)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Among all the fast growing science and technology，the research of human genes，or biological engineering as people call it，is drawing more and more attention now.Discussions about it are increasingly heated around the world.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with，such as cancer and heart disease.Every year，millions of people are murdered by these two killers.And to date，doctors have not found an effective way to cure them.But if the gene technology is applied，not only these two diseases can be cured completely，bringing happiness and more livingdays to the patients，but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved，therefore it benefits the economy as well.In addition，the human lifespan(寿命)can be prolonged.Gene technology can help people to give birth to healthier and cleverer children.Some families have genetic diseases.This means their children will for sure have the familial disease，which is a great trouble for these families.In the past，doctors could do nothing about genetic diseases.But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly.Scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to create human beings in large quantities.In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning animals such as mice，sheep，and dogs；therefore，these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned and that it would be beyond control，leading to some disastrous consequences.But many believe that cloned babies will not come out in large quantities，for most couples in the world can have babies in a very normal way and they also believe measures will be taken to control gene technology.【写作指导】文章首先介绍了基因工程的好处。