新生猪惊人的免疫系统

Need for colostrum 需要初乳: Colostrum deprivation and survival to 90 kg 无初乳 和生存至90kg的关系
出生断奶 24小时断奶
生存
Colostrum components初乳成分
免疫球蛋白 溶菌酶 乳过氧化物酶 核苷酸水解抗体 K-酪蛋白 α-乳球蛋白 结合咕啉 粘蛋白 奶中的乳铁蛋白 抗分泌外源凝集素 自由分泌成分 低聚糖 脂肪酸 母体白细胞和细胞因子 sCD14 补体及补体受体 β-防御素1 Toll样受体 双歧因子 益生元
Colostrum初乳
Elixir of life 仙丹
ImmunePlus with colostrum 7505 初乳7505 ImmunePlus
The perfect Food-colostrum 完美的食物-初乳！!
Clark in Colostrum life’s first food: “Bovine Colostrum rebuilds the immune system , destroys viruses and bacteria and fungi, accelerates healing of the body tissue, helps loose weight, burn fat, increase bone and lean muscle mass and slows down and even reverses aging” 丹尼尔·克拉克在初乳生命的第一食物中提到：“初乳重建免疫系统，破坏病毒和细菌和真 菌，加速身体组织的愈合，有助于减轻体重，燃烧脂肪，增加骨骼和肌肉质量，减慢甚至逆转老化“
1.76E+06
Hosea Blewett et al., 2008 Wagstrom et al., 2000
Colostrum初乳= first milk首次乳汁
Salmon et al, 2008 Le Jan, 2004
Immunoglobin in sow colostrum 母猪初乳中的免疫球蛋白
相对浓度
Epitheliochorial placenta 上皮绒毛膜 胎盘 The multi-layered placenta in pigs prevents the transit of maternal Ig into the fetus 多层猪胎盘防止母体lg运输到胎 儿(Butler, 1998; Salmon, 1999). The placenta is a sterile environment 胎盘是一个无菌的环 境 Sterzl et al 1966, Porter 1988 Neonatal Piglet immunologically naïve 新生仔猪是无免疫的 Immune system develops ~70 d of 116 total of gestation for the pig, third trimester for all 猪免疫系在总共夫人116 天妊 娠统发育70天 New born is Immature, not incompetent 新生猪不成熟，不是 无能 Adkins et al 2005
Think/Pair/Share思考/对比/分享
Provide at least three differences in the immune system of a pig compared to human (or the classic animal model-mice)?
相比于人类 （或经典的动物模型-老鼠），提供 至少三个猪免疫系统的不同点
The Amazing Immune System in the Neonatal Pig 新生猪惊人的免疫系统
Tom Molitor 汤姆·莫利特博士 University of Minnesota 明尼苏达大学 molit001@umn.edu
Leman China, October 13-15, 2013, Xi”an
Endpoints终点 Total IgG and IgA via ELISA 通过ELISA总的IgG和IgA Total mononuclear cells 单核 细胞总数 CD4, CD8, γδ T lymphocyte phenotyping via flow cytometry 通过流式细胞仪CD4, CD8, γδ Τ 淋巴细胞表型
Daniel
Absorption of colostrum components is critical for piglet survival 吸收初乳成分是仔猪存活的关键 • Epitheliochorial placenta 上皮绒毛膜胎盘 • The piglet is immunologically naïve and immature 仔猪无免 疫能力并且不成熟
Vaccination of the Neonatal Animal 新生动物的疫苗接 种 Passive Immunity被动免疫: Pros and cons 优点和缺点

Cross-fostering affects immunity交叉寄养影响免疫力 Maternal Interference? 母抗干扰？
Baidu NhomakorabeaStraw et al., 1999
泌乳日 哺乳期母猪乳浆中IgG, IgM及IgA浓度
泌乳阶段
Klobasa et al., 1987
Approach途径
Sow Periphery 母猪外周 Mammary Gland (MG) 乳腺 Piglet仔猪
Samples 样品 Sow Blood 母猪血液 Sow Colostrum 母猪初乳 Piglet blood pre colostrum ingestion 摄入初乳前仔猪血 Piglet blood after colostrum ingestion 摄入初乳后仔猪血
Maternally-derived antibody-mediated immunity (AMI) is protective母体介导的 免疫是有保护性的
– – – – – –
Janeway, 2005
PCV-2 猪圆环病毒-2; Opriessnig et al., 2008 SIV 猪流感病毒; Loeffen et al., 2003 B. pertussis 百日咳博德特氏菌; Elahi et al., 2006 CSF 猪乙脑病毒; Parchariyanon et al., 1994 TGEV 猪传染性胃肠炎病毒; Sestek et al., 1996 Pseudorabies 伪狂犬病; Kritas et al., 1997
免疫传递
子宫内 Colostrum 初乳
Species
种类
Horse, cow, pig, sheep 马，牛，猪，羊 Dog, cat
狗，猫
Endotheliochorial Hemochorial
内皮绒毛 绒毛膜受血
Primates, rodents
灵长类动物，啮齿类动物
How is immunity transferred?? 细胞介导的​免疫转移？
60
免疫球蛋白
Immunoglobulin (mg/ml)
IgG
50 40 30 20 10 0
IgA
n=16 Variation: SEM Colostrum 初乳
母猪血清 Sow serum
Maternal immunoglobins are beneficial to the newborn pig母体免疫球蛋白有利于仔猪
Differences in Immune system 免疫系统的差异?
Development of Immunity 免疫力的发育
Fetus胎儿
Neonate新生儿
Weaned pig断奶猪
Why does the piglet need maternal Immunity? 仔 猪为什么需要母体的免疫力？
Relationship of Placental Type to Maternal Immunity Transfer胎盘类型与母体免疫传递的关系
胎盘类型
Type of Placenta Epitheliochorial
上皮绒毛膜
Immunoglobulin Transfer In utero None 5-10% 90% 100% 90-95% 10%
Amazing Immune system in the neonatal pig 新生猪惊人的免疫系统: Outline大纲
Differences in Immune system in the pig. 猪免疫系统的 差异

Developmental Immunity in the pig 猪免疫功能的发育
IgA PS
PS= Pre Suckle 哺乳前; AS= After suckle 哺乳后 Neither IgG nor IgA were detectable by ELISA in PS serum 哺乳前血清用ELISA检测不到IgG或IgA Bandrick et al 2010
Cells in Sow Colostrum母猪初乳中的细胞
Relative immunoglobin concentration in piglet serum pre and post colostrum ingestion仔猪摄入初乳前后血清 免疫球蛋白相对浓度
Ig浓度 Ig concentration mg/mL
IgG PS
IgG AS
IgA PS
中性粒细胞 巨噬细胞 淋巴细胞 上皮细胞
70-90% are T cells
泌乳日
中性粒细胞
巨噬细胞
淋巴细胞
上皮细胞
70-90％是 T细胞
Wagstrom et al., 2000
> 1x107 cells/mL
Total number of cells/m 细胞总数/ml
6.32E+06
1.48E+06
Summary总结-Applications应用
Rationale思考/对比/分享
PEDV, PRRSV, FMDV, PPV, Mycoplasma, … Protection, recovery, ……dependent on the immune system. PEDV, PRRSV, FMDV, PPV, 支原体，…保护，恢复，…对免疫系统的依赖。 Maternal interference, ineffective vaccination, Immunosuppression, stress, disease, all resulting from an ineffective immune response. 母抗干扰，无效 疫苗接种，免疫抑制，应激，疾病，都源于无效的免疫反应 The Immune system is highly important for the health and welfare of swine. 免疫系统对猪的健康和福利来说是非常重要的。 Swine have a number of profound differences in the Immune system including anatomical, physiological, cellular and from a functional response. 猪有一些免疫系统的深刻差异，包括解剖，生理，细胞和功能反应。 Your task is……………. 你的任务是................
Maternal derived immunity 母源免疫 : In the sow vs the neonatal pig? 在母猪vs新生猪？
Bandrick et al 2010
Immunoglobulin G and A in sow serum and colostrum母猪血清和初乳中的免疫球蛋白G和A