最新新目标大学英语综合教程4资料
新标准大学英语综合教程4
新标准大学英语综合教程4简介《新标准大学英语综合教程4》（New Standard College English Integrated Course 4）是适用于大学英语学习的综合教材。
本教材由教育部大学英语教学指导委员会编写，主要旨在提高学习者的英语听说读写能力，培养他们的语言运用能力和交际能力。
教材结构第一单元：Making a Difference本单元主要介绍了如何改变世界、影响他人及人类的重要发现和创新。
该单元以阅读、听力、口语和写作练习为主，帮助学生提高他们的综合英语能力。
第二单元：Discoveries and Innovations本单元以旅行和发现为主题，学生将学习到许多前沿科技和创新。
通过本单元的学习，学生能够了解到世界各地的文化差异以及不同的创新理念。
第三单元：Exploring Literature本单元主要介绍了一些经典文学作品，例如《傲慢与偏见》和《罪与罚》。
学生通过阅读和分析这些文学作品，可以提高他们的阅读理解能力和文学鉴赏能力。
第四单元：Environment and Sustainability本单元主要关注环境和可持续发展。
通过学习环保和可持续性发展的相关知识，学生能够了解到全球变暖、生态系统破坏和环境保护的重要性，并提出解决方案。
教学特点任务型教学教材中的各个单元都以任务型教学方法为主，学生在完成各种任务的过程中，能够提高他们的语言运用能力和交际能力。
多媒体辅助教学教材中配有丰富的多媒体资源，包括MP3音频和各种课堂活动，帮助学生更好地理解和吸收教学内容。
提供复习和测试每个单元结束时，教材提供了复习和测试部分，帮助学生巩固并检测他们所学的知识。
使用建议分步学习建议学生按照教材的进度进行分步学习，逐步提高听说读写的能力。
多练习口语英语口语是提高语言运用能力的关键，建议学生多参加口语练习，积极与他人交流。
频繁使用学习资源建议学生频繁使用教材中提供的学习资源，包括MP3音频、练习册等，提高学习效果。
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册Unit
目录
• Overview of the text • Vocabulary and expression • Grammar point parsing • Introduction to Cultural Background • Analysis of Writing Skills • Answers to home exercises after
Key tense
Present simple tense
01
It is used to express an action that is happening now, has
just happened, or will happen in the future
Last simple tense
Conclusion
The article includes by summarizing the main points covered and highlighting the importance of understanding globalization and its impact on our world It also suggests ways for individuals to adapt to the changing world
The text provides a background to the theme by discussing the history and development of globalization, as well as the challenges and opportunities it brings to individuals and communities
新目标大学英语综合教程4
新目标大学英语综合教程4New Target is a comprehensive university English course designed to help non-native English speakers improve their overall English communication skills. The course consists of four levels, each level focusing on different aspects of English language learning, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing.In the first level of the course, students work on developing their listening skills. They are introduced to various listening activities, such as listening to conversations, lectures, and interviews. These activities help students improve their ability to understand spoken English, including different accents and speech patterns. The listening texts are based on real-life situations and cover a wide range of topics, from everyday conversations to academic lectures. In addition to listening activities, students also learn about different listening strategies, such as predicting content, taking notes, and summarizing information.The second level of the course focuses on speaking skills. Students are provided with opportunities to practice speaking in different contexts, such as giving presentations, participating in group discussions, and engaging in role plays. Through these activities, students enhance their speaking fluency, accuracy, and confidence. They also receive feedback from their teachers and peers to help them identify areas for improvement. The speaking topics cover a wide range of subjects, allowing students to express their opinions and ideas effectively.Developing reading skills is the main focus of the third level of the course. Students learn various reading strategies, such as skimming,scanning, and predicting, to improve their reading speed and comprehension. They are exposed to a wide range of reading texts, including newspaper articles, short stories, and academic essays. These texts help students expand their vocabulary, improve their reading comprehension, and develop critical thinking skills. The reading passages are followed by comprehension questions and activities to test students' understanding of the texts and encourage them to think critically about the content.Finally, the fourth level of the course is dedicated to writing skills. Students learn different writing techniques, such as brainstorming, outlining, and editing, to help them effectively express their ideas in writing. They are introduced to various types of writing, such as essays, reports, and letters, and practice writing on different topics. Through the writing activities, students improve their grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure. They also learn how to organize their ideas logically and coherently. Besides writing independently, students also engage in peer editing and receive feedback from their teachers to further improve their writing skills.Throughout the course, students are provided with ample opportunities to practice their English language skills both inside and outside the classroom. They are encouraged to engage in meaningful conversations, read extensively, listen to English podcasts or videos, and write regularly. The course materials are designed to be engaging and relevant to students' interests and needs, making the learning process enjoyable and effective.In conclusion, New Target is a comprehensive university English course that covers all aspects of English language learning,including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. By focusing on different skills at each level, the course helps non-native English speakers improve their overall English communication skills and become more confident and proficient in using the English language.。
新目标大学英语：《综合教程》第四册(WELearn答案)
新目标大学英语：《综合教程》第四册U1•Textbook StudyListening1）attitude2）on the basis of3）positive and negative4）Self-esteem5）subjective6）consciously or unconsciously7）have got used to8）taken for granted9）subconscious mind10）self-appraisalText BParas. 1–3：a、Fb、Fc、O/FParas. 4 – 8：a、Fb、Fc、Fd、FParas. 9–15：a、O/Fb、O/Fc、O/FPara. 16：F•CET-Oriented Study Listening1、A2、C3、D4、C5、C6、C7、D8、BReading Comprehension（1）D（2）N（3）I（4）B（5）H（6）O（7）L（8）J（9）G（10）EParagraph Translation（翻译参考）China serves as home to 56 ethnic groups. The largest group, the Han, makes up over 91% of China’s population. As the majority of the population is of the Han ethnic group, the other 55 ethnic groups are customarily referred to as the national minorities. The Han people can be found throughout the country, though mainly on the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Pearl River valleys, and the Northeast Plain. The national minorities, though fewer in number, are also widely dispersed throughout China, often inhabiting important border regions from northeast China to north, northwest and southwest China. Equality, unity and common prosperity are the fundamental principles of China’s government in handling the relations between different ethnic groups. Meanwhile, China exercises a policy of regional autonomy for various ethnic groups, allowing ethnic groups living in compact communities to establish self-government and direct their ownaffairs.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BDADB6-10: CBACA11-15: CBDAD16-20: CDDBCUnit Test - II1-5: BCCBC（6）C. insecure （7）G. compare（8）H. influence （9）J. impact（10）L. post（11）M. surveyed （12）I. negative （13）O. participants（14）D. preoccupation（15）A. establish16-20: DCBDA21-25: CCADAU2•Textbook StudyListening1）habit of living2）profound changes3）human activities4）extinction events5）human agricultural technology 6）domesticating7）cultivate plants8）intimate knowledge9）familiar with10）human companionsText B1）spreading the word about “the crisis facing these social, sensitive, passionately intense, playful, complex, exceedingly intelligent and endangered creatures”.2）their sizes and species.3）they are quite consciously together, each pacing herself to the other’s gait and waiting for the other to catch up.4）stood vigil outside the building, knowing that her friend was inside.5）saw past the things they didn’t have in common and found in each other common ground enough•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、A3、C4、D5、C6、A7、D8、AReading Comprehension（1）G（2）A（3）F（4）J（5）B（6）K（7）C（8）H（9）I（10）BParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Chinese martial arts may be traced back to prehistoric times when Chinese ancestors used stones and wooden clubs in hunting for subsistence and self-defense. It is recorded in the history that there were people specializing in martial arts during the periods of Spring and Autumn and the Warring States, and considered it as a theory to maintain good health and applied it in wars when necessary. The martial arts are either bare-handed or weapon-in-hand practice or performance according to certain sets. Generally speaking, modern martial arts consist of such five categories as boxing, weapon exercises, sparring exercises, actual combat and teamwork. The five categories can be further divided into different schools or styles. The martial arts play positive roles in strengthening the body, developing the potential of the body, tempering people’s will power and even curing difficult and complex cases of illness. They are a precious national cultural legacy of China.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BDADB6-10: BACAB11-15: DDACB16-20: DDADAUnit Test - II1-5: CBBAB（6）E. companion （7）A. affinity （8）L. disparity （9）G. species （10）F. infirmity （11）O. immobile （12）C. vigil（13）I. resumed （14）N. overwhelming （15）D. memorial16-20: BADCC21-25: BCABCU3•Textbook StudyListening1）long-term survival2）coordinate the relationship3）environmental goals4）promote this concept5）economic and political issues6）building materials7）architecture and ecology8）environmental effects9）the preservation10）enjoyment of future generationsText BPara. 1assemble a real building and structure a business Para. 2a critical architecturePara. 3a Paul Rudolph building in Boston and Richard Neutra’s Cyclorama Building in Gettysburg,Para. 4·wanting to save the entire building,·wanting to demolish it.Para. 5the protagonist in the battle to save or the antithesis to modern design.Para. 6emerges the richness of place and understanding of time.Para. 8experience and imagination,•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、A3、B4、B5、B6、B7、A8、CReading Comprehension（1）B（2）F（3）B（4）H（5）A（6）E（7）J（8）I（9）G（10）CParagraph Translation（翻译参考）The Ancient City of Ping Yao is one of the well-preserved ancient county-level cities in China. Located in Ping Yao County, central Shanxi Province, the property includes three parts: the entire area within the walls of Ping Yao, Shuanglin Temple 6 kilometers southwest of the county seat, and Zhenguo Temple 12 kilometers northeast of the county seat. The design of this Ancient City shows the evolution of architectural styles and town planning in Imperial China over the past five centuries. Noteworthy are the imposing buildings associated with trading and bankingin the city, for Ping Yao was the major center for the whole China in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It retains all the Han city features, and provides a complete picture of the cultural, social, economic and religious development in Chinese history. It is of great value for researchers’ studying of the social form, economic structure, military defense, religious belief, traditional thinking, traditional ethics and dwelling form during that time.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: CCCBA6-10: DCCAA11-15: DBBAA16-20: BDCBAUnit Test - II1-5: ABABB（6）A. demolish（7）N. lens（8）H. encapsulate（9）L. room（10）J. rootedness（11）G. integrated（12）B. aspirations（13）K. reintroduced（14）E. symbiotic（15）C. commission16-20: CCBAD21-25: DCCCDU4•Textbook StudyListening1）delivered to2）a science fiction3）physical objects4）manufacturing capabilities 5）storage of information6）technological advances7）is limited8）positive impact9）transportation emissions10）a range of industriesText B1）to study and understand natural phenomenato use this knowledge to make our lives more comfortable2）there is no anesthetic and no drilling3）mycelia, combined with buckwheat and rice husksdebut soon as protective packaging for computers and furniture4）to repel water and soil, fight germs, detect dangerous chemicals and explosives, and conduct enough energy5）there is no need to buy syringes and no need to fill them either; and nobody will miss the pain•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、C2、B3、A4、C5、A6、C7、C8、BReading Comprehension（1）B（2）J（3）A（4）I（5）G（6）E（7）F（8）D（9）E（10）HParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Ecological civilization describes the level of harmony that exists between human progress and natural existence in human civilization. Ecological civilization, like material civilization, cultural and ethical civilization, and political civilization, is a historical concept. As such, ecological civilization is constantly undergoing a process of evolution from a lower stage to a higher stage as human civilization progresses. A comprehensive plan for the promotion of ecological progress was outlined in the political report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC. The report clearly states that we must incorporate the idea of ecological civilization into every aspect of economic, political, cultural, and social progress; step up effortsto develop a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society; and strive to build a beautiful China so as to realize lasting and sustainable development for the Chinese nation and make due contributions to global ecological security.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: CABDB6-10: AABAD11-15: ACBCA16-20: CDACBUnit Test - II1-5: CABCB（6）E. obtained（7）D. decaying（8）I. injecting（9）H. solidifies（10）C. available（11）F. eligible（12）B. routes（13）N. alternative（14）A. combined（15）G. protective16-20: BDADB21-25: CABCAU5•Textbook StudyListening1）gas emissions2）renewable energy3）ultimate source of energy 4）fossil fuels5）alternative energy6）mass transportation7）limited in supply8）our growing energy challenges9）diverse energy technologies10）destroy our environmentText B1）fossil fuelsglobal warmingatmospheric pollutants productioneconomic development hindrance2）renewable energyother alternative energy sources which are greener and renewable.3）the fossil fuelsit is derived from natural processes that are replenished constantly.4）it can reduce the reliance on exhaustible sources of fossil fuelsit is clean from the environmental point of view.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、D3、B4、C5、B6、C7、AReading Comprehension（1）E（2）B（3）I（4）A（5）D（6）G（7）J（8）F（9）C（10）HParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Traditionally, the Chinese love sports as an essential way for keeping fit as well as for entertainment. As one of the main sports to help people stay fit, Taijiquan is very popular with Chinese people. It used to be a martial art, but since it aids both self-defense and health,it gradually turned into a form of exercise. Taijiquan has deep and profound philosophical connotations; it embodies the unique wisdom of the Chinese people, and reflects the characteristics of Chinese culture.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ADCBC6-10: BABDC11-15: BABCC16-20: BCDBCUnit Test - II1-5: BAAAB（6）N. reserves（7）K. shortage（8）J. affect（9）M. abundant（10）D. alternative（11）E. definition（12）B. derived（13）G. Typical（14）F. regard（15）H. emission16-20: ABDDB21-25: ADBCAU6•Textbook StudyListening1）Satellite technology2）the exploration of the universe 3）exciting and fruitful areas4）the other planets5）technological reasons6）benefited hugely7）strive to learn8）what’s around the corner9）fantastic manifestation10）pursue our explorationText B1）there’s the hard vacuum, the lethal cold and the ever-present risk of even a small meteor hit. Also the pressure is nearly zero.2）Mark for his four shuttle missions and his cumulative 54 days in space; Scott for his two shuttle flights, including a six-month stay aboard the International Space Station (ISS).3）Blood samples tests, saliva samples tests, cheek swabs tests, psychological and fitness tests, and follow-up tests.4）the time Mark has already spent in space muddies the study up a little since he’s been exposed to the same exotic physical environment Scott has.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、D3、A4、D5、B6、D7、CReading Comprehension（1）F（2）I（3）E（4）C（5）A（6）D（7）H（8）J（9）B（10）GParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Nearly 600 years later, the Temple of Heaven still stands intact in the south of Beijing. Covering an area nearly five times as large as the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, with its numerous halls and buildings, attracts visitors from around the world. It not only presents spectacular scenery, but also represents the Chinese pursuit of harmony between Heaven and mortals. Only the emperor could pray at the Temple of Heaven. Common people were not allowed access. Yet the idea of showing awe and gratitude to Heaven was not reserved for the emperor alone, but was shared by the people as well.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BCDCB6-10: BCBAB11-15: ABBBC16-20: BCBDBUnit Test - II1-5: DBCBA（6）C. hospitable（7）F. risk（8）B. pressure（9）I. expand（10）L. absence（11）J. unconsciousness （12）M. sooner（13）D. adjust（14）N. fatigued（15）G. damage16-20: CABDB21-25: DBDBDU7•Textbook StudyListening1）rational scientific explanation 2）via the Internet3）at the thought of4）transplanting an artificial heart 5）with chronic diseases6）explain the reasons behind7）a mystery to a large extent8）amaze scientists9）evolves into10）what we know about natureText B1、C2、C3、A4、C5、A•CET-Oriented Study Listening1、D2、B3、B4、D5、C6、C7、BReading Comprehension （1）F（2）J（3）B（4）H（5）A（6）D（7）I（8）C（9）E（10）GParagraph Translation（翻译参考）The Silk Road refers to a transport route connecting ancient China with Central Asia, West Asia, Africa, and the European continent. It appeared as early as the second century B.C and was traveled mainly by silk merchants. The Silk Road functioned not only as a trade route, but also as a bridge that linked the ancient civilizations of China, India, the Mesopotamian plains, Egypt, and Greece. It also helped to promote the exchange of science and technology between east and west as a communicating artery going through Eurasian continent.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: DCBDD6-10: ACBBC11-15: CCABA16-20: DDCADUnit Test - II1、A2、D3、C4、B5、A6、 D（6）G. agony（7）L. suffer（8）E. conservative （9）J. temporary （10）C. ease（11）I. implantable （12）D. battery （13）O. mild（14）A. immediate （15）M. miracle16-20: CCDCD21-25: CDBADU8•Textbook StudyListening1）no packaging product2）paper-based3）Recycling figures vary greatly4）those same statistics5）we drink from6）absolute confidence7）agricultural byproduct waste8）seek and continue9）we make and use10）convenient recycling processText B1）climate changes may bring a lot of harm, even disasters to mankind. 2）different parts of the world will be affected to different degrees. 3）areas that are already lack of water will be hit more severely.4）poor people are particularly vulnerable to illnesses caused by climate changes.5）climate changes can have different effects on men and women. •CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、B3、D4、C5、B6、C7、CReading Comprehension（1）H（2）C（3）J（4）A（5）E（6）B（7）D（8）G（9）F（10）IParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Porcelain has been of great significance in the history of Chinese civilization. Around the first century, porcelain production first emerged in China, and by the Song Dynasty the craft of porcelain making had become mature.In English, “porcelain” shares the same word with the name of the country —“china”. This proves that Europeans in ancient times related porcelain closely with China. Porcelain found its way to Europe in the 15th century, playing an important place in the exchanges between China and other countries. Porcelain earned a good reputation for China for its delicacy and elegance.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ABACD6-10: BCDCB11-15: BDABC16-20: ACDBAUnit Test - II1-5: CABCA（6）D. basic（7）G. threaten（8）M. sensitive（9）A. differ （10）L. vulnerable （11）E. equally （12）K. regions （13）C. benefit （14）I. adapt （15）H. communities 16-20:ADCCB21-25: DBBBC。
全新版大学英语综合教程4课件
Recre • Unit 4 News Reporting
01
Unit 1 Ways of Learning
Reading and Vocabulary
• Summary: The reading materials for this unit will cover various topics, including culture, history, society, and science, to help expand students' vocabulary and improve their reading comprehension abilities.
3. The writing section will provide writing exercises to help students apply the grammar and translation skills they have learned to write.
Listening and Speaking
Writing Skills
• Skills: The textbook selects the most common sports related writing skills and patterns, which can help students master the language skills of sports reports, letters, memories, etc. through a series of writing exercises
2023年整理 新标与准大学英语综合教程4u4
2023年整理：新标与准大学英语综合教程4u4引言随着时代的发展和全球化的进程，英语的地位在世界范围内得到了越来越多的重视。
作为一门国际通用语言，掌握好英语不仅可以为个人的职业发展提供更多机会，还可以拓宽自己的视野，与世界各地的人进行交流和合作。
因此，学习英语已经成为现代教育体系中不可或缺的一部分。
为了满足大学生学习英语的需求，不断有新的英语教材问世。
本文主要介绍2023年新标与准大学英语综合教程4u4，该教材立足于培养学生的英语综合能力，旨在提高学生的听、说、读、写、译等能力，以满足大学生的学习需求。
教材概述新标与准大学英语综合教程4u4是一套为大学生设计的英语教材。
该教材共分为4个单元，每个单元包含多个主题，旨在帮助学生从不同的主题中获取语言知识和文化背景。
单元一：生活与工作在这个单元中，学生将学习与日常生活和工作相关的话题。
例如，如何描述自己的工作经历、如何与同事进行有效的沟通等。
通过这些话题的学习，学生将提高他们的口语表达能力，并增加自己的工作技能。
单元二：文化与传统这个单元旨在帮助学生了解不同文化和传统之间的差异。
学生将学习不同国家和地区的文化习俗，例如中国的春节和美国的感恩节。
通过比较和对比，学生将培养自己的跨文化交际能力。
单元三：科技与创新在这个单元中，学生将学习科技和创新相关的话题。
学生将了解最新的科技发展，例如人工智能和无人驾驶技术。
通过学习这些话题，学生将提高自己的阅读和听力能力，并且了解科技对社会和人类生活的影响。
单元四：环境与可持续发展这个单元的主题是环境保护和可持续发展。
学生将学习如何保护环境，如何节约能源，以及如何减少污染等。
通过学习这些话题，学生将培养自己的写作和翻译能力，并且了解环境问题的严重性。
教材特点新标与准大学英语综合教程4u4有以下几个特点：综合性该教材注重提高学生的综合能力。
在每个单元中，学生将练习听、说、读、写、译等多个技能，通过多种形式的练习，帮助学生从多个方面提高自己的英语水平。
新目标大学英语综合教程4
研究表明：在两性及众多文化中，长相好的人，特别是从青春期开始，往往被评价为具有出色的性格特质的人。
事情为何如此？有些人觉得，由于遇见外表迷人者和品德优良者都令人愉快，我们会不假思索地把这二者混为一谈。
但是，这一说法似乎并不客观。
西安大略大学(University of Western Ontario) 的桑波·保诺宁(Sampo Paunonen) 博士的研究发现，被形容为较诚实的人也会被认为更讨人喜欢，而越讨人喜欢的人，外貌也就更具吸引力。
Research has shown that in both sexes and across numerous cultures, especially from ad ol escence, good-l ooking peopl e are often evaluated to be ones with exceptional personality traits.Why shoul d this be so? Some peopl e have perceived that since it is pl easurabl e to meet someone with attractive physical appearance and someone with good moral character, we automatically mix them up.But this statement d oes not seem to be objective. The studies by Dr. Sampo Paunonen of the University of Western Ontario reveal that peopl e who were d escribed as being more honest were rated as more likabl e, and the more likabl e, the more physically attractive.Unit 21960年简·古多尔开始了她在坦桑尼亚的贡贝溪国家公园对黑猩猩社群的研究。
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程4学生用书课后习题答案（后附testyourself重要词翻译）
UNIT11)多尔蒂先生和他的家人目前正在农场忙于秋收。
Mr. Doherty and his family are curren tly engage d in gettin g the autumn harves t in on the farm.2)我们不能低估敌人，他们装备了最先进的武器。
We must not underestima te the enemy. They are equipp ed with the most sophis ticat ed weapo n s.3)菲尔已三个月没有找到工作了，正变得越来越绝望。
Having been out of a job/Not having had a job for 3 months, Phil is gettin g increa singl y desperate.4)作为项目经理，山姆办事果断，工作效率高，且判断准确。
Sam, as the project manage r, is decisi ve, effici ent, and accura te in his judgme nt.5)既然已证实这家化工厂是污染源，村委会决定将其关闭，为此损失了一百个工作岗位。
Since the chemic al plantwas identi fiedas the source of pollut ion, the villag e neighb orho o d commit tee decide d to closeit down at the cost of 100 jobs.2.攻势已经持续三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。
The offensive had alread y lasted threedays, but we had not gained much ground.师长命令我们营夜晚绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击。
最新全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程4学生用书-课后习题答案(后附test-yourself-重要词翻译)
VocabularyI.1.T l alliance;2.T ies at the cost of;3.B e stroke;4.M s limp;5.T ees minus;6.T t regions;7.T e declarations;8.A n siege;9. O d raw; 10.B t bide his time; 11.T yes have taken their toll;12.W y in the case of短文填空In bring1. allow; 2. reckoned; 3. highly; 4. forecasts;5. rapidly;6. instant;7. delivery;8. advantage;9. observing; 10. powerful;II.1.翻译1)多收Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumnharvest in on the farm.2)我器We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the mostsophisticated weapons.3)菲望Having been out of a job/Not having had a job for 3 months, Phil is gettingincreasingly desperate.4)作确Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in hisjudgment.5)既位Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of pollution, thevillage neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.UNIT2VocabularyI.1. expansion;2. automated;3. vapor;4. take control of;5. hazards;6. satellite;7. vibrated;8. magnetic;9. bunched;10. in the air;11. got/was stuck in; 12. approximately;短文填空1. generates;2. related;3. revolutionized;4. enabled;5. opportunities;6. overall;7. manufacturing;8. dependent;9. interact; 10. fatalities;II.6)There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artilleryin the distance.7)The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing asignificant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems.8)The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlatedwith global temperatures.9)The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently.10)The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signalfrom the coach.UNIT3VocabularyI.1. rude;2. physically;3. structure;4. made a difference;5. blurted (out);6. chuckling;7. measurable;8. prospective;9. preparations; 10. sparkled; 11. took a crack at; 12. partner;短文填空1. encouraging;2. inquiry;3. relevant;4. samples;5. references;6. advice;7. preparing;8. seriously;9. probably;10. exhibit;II.1.翻译11)Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, theveteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only o short while.12)Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she hadundergone tow plastic surgeries.13)We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, we’llhave the future in our hands.14)If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I wouldhave made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.15)People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with strongerstructures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.UNIT4词汇1 advantageous2 let alone3 witnessing vanishing4 landmark5entitled6 displace7 Established8 patriotic strengthen9 contradictions 10aspires 11 divorced 12 pendulums短文填空1.aided;2.effects;3.distances;4.connected;5.invested;6.features;7.prevailing;8.qualingushing9.volume 10.distinguishing翻译因为……其他地方Due to his pessimistic outlook on European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.我喜欢……职守I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.玛丽…..成长Unlike her girlfriends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.有一天……回事Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?中国……合作The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries.UNIT5VocabularyI.1. In a way;2. in accordance with;3. vacancy;4. in good condition;5. transparent;6. rub;7. spicy;8. hitherto;9. with (a) bad grace; 10. instinct; 11. pawned; 12. current;短文填空1. suspected;2. pleading;3. confirmed;4. stunned;5. lucrative;6. jewellery;7. wealthy;8. urge;9. spell; 10. arrested;II.翻译1.16)I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he issomething of an adventurer.17)He is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to noises.18)The trademark was registered in accordance with与一致 the laws hitherto到目前为止 in force.19)Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but onlya few turned up.20)The teacher’s affectionate words, along with his candid comments, changed theway Mike perceived 感知the society and himself.UNIT6VocabularyI.1. appliances;2. comparative;3. multiply;4. distribution;5. prosperity;6. decorate;7. famine;8. large quantities of/a large quantity of9. streamline; 10. fax; 11. pointed the way to; 12. bewildered;短文填空1. advantage;2. wisely;3. faithfully;4. waking;5. includes;6. schedule;7. sticking;8. priorities;9. set; 10. respect;II.翻译1.21)They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to findremedies for incurable diseases/cures for diseases that are beyond remedy治疗 so far.22)Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried tocram knowledge into my head.23)The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with thechanges of weather wherever we go on a trip.24)The appalling 骇人的explosion started a big fire and caused the partialcollapse坍塌 of the building.25)In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and allkinds of distractions are eating into our precious time.阅读理解The interview is an important event in the job-hunting process, because the 20 or 30 minutes you spend with the interviewer may determine whether or not you get the particular job you want. Therefore ,it is important to remember that your objective during the interview may differ from the objective 目的of the potential employer. You want to make yourself stand out as a whole person who has personal strengths, is well qualified, and should be considered the right person for the job. It is encouraging to know that the interview’s task is not to embarrass you or to trip you up, but to hire the right person for the job.Remember, job hunting is very competitive. Anything you can do to enhance your interview techniques技术 will be to your advantage. The following suggestions may help you land the most important job.Your goal in this interview is to make sure your good points get across. The interviewer won’t know them unless you point them out, so try to do this in a factual 真实的and sincere manner.Do not make slighting references一点也不要提到 to former employers or professors. If you have been fired from a job and the interviewer asks about it, be frank in your answer.Show the interviewer that you are interested in the company by asking relevant questions. Ask about responsibilities, working conditions, promotion opportunities and fringe（附加）benefits of the job you are interviewing for.If at some point you decide the interview is not going well, do not let your discouragement show. You have nothing to lose by continuing a show of confidence, and you may have much to gain. It may be real, or it may be a test to see how you react to adverse 不利的conditions.Some interviewers may bring up 提出salary early in the interview. At this time, you may indicate表明 that you are more interested in a job where you can prove yourself than a specific特定的 salary. This politely passes the question back to the interviewer. If possible, you should negotiate洽谈 for salary after you have been offereda job and when you are when you are ready to complete the paperwork.1. To get the job you want, during the interview you should_________A. avoid the interviewer’s questions that are designed to trip you up.B. remember that you are the best qualified candidate.C. make yourself stand out as the right person for the job.D. keep in mind that it determines whether or not you get the particular job you want.2. If you did not get along with your former employer, you_______A. should tell the interviewer frankly.B. should not speak ill of him.C. should refer to him in a factual manner.D. should never mention it.3. When you find the interview is not going well you should _______.A. keep up your confidence.B. bring it to an end as soon as possible.C. tell your interviewer how you react to adverse conditions.D. tell yourself you have much to gain and nothing to lose.4.The best time to discuss your salary is _________.A. when you have been offered the job.B. at the end of the interview.C. after you have completed the paperwork.D. when the interviewer brings this matter up.5. The most important thing to do during an interview is _________.A. to make your strengths understood.B. to show your intense interest in the job you are applying for.C. to be frank and sincere.D. to be natural and confident.答案：CBAAALike many other small boys,I was fascinated by cars,espec ially because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy an d subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Moto r Trend.Every so often,one of those magazines would run an article on the“Car of the Future”.They featured unco nventional things like small nuclear reactors反应堆as power sources.Yet,frankly,my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do.It goes,it stops,it burns gasoline.I still have to steer it,and it still runs into things if I don’t steer it carefully.But guess what?All of these things are likely to change i n the not-so-distant future.It may not burn gasoline,I ma y not have to steer it,and it may be a lot better at n ot running into things.Airbags aren’t the be-all and end-all in safety.In fact,considering th e recent news about people occasionally being killed by thei r airbags in low-speed collisions（碰撞),they obviously still need some development.But they ar en’t going away,and in fact,you can expect to see cars app earing with additional,side-impact airbags,something some Eu ropean car manufacturers already offer.Better than systems to minimize（使减少到最低限度）injury in the event of an accident,however,are syste ms that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening.Fu ture cars may be able to remove many of the major causes of accidents,including drunk-driving,and tailgating.Cars could be equipped with sensors that can detect alcohol in a driver’s system and prevent the car from being started,for exampl e.As early as next year,you’ll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you’re closing too quickly with the car in front,it will ease up on the throttle.Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves?There’s no reason to think it won’t be technically possible,and Mercedes is working on a sys tem that can brake,accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own.Nobody really expects people to give up all control to their cars,but such systems could be used as failsafe systems to keep cars on the road and bring t hem safely to a stop even if the driver suddenly became di sabled.71.Why was the author fascinated by cars because _______.A.other small boys liked to own a car of their own,too.B.he read unconventional things about cars in his brother’s magazines.C.his oldest brother loved to take him to places in his car.D.he subscribed to cool car magazines.72.By saying"my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do",the authormeans that_____.A.my car is far better than my brother’s B.my car is not as good as my brother’sC. not much has changed in the performance of cars so farD.much improvement has been made in the design of cars re cently73. Which of the following statements is true of airbags?A.They are in need of further improvement.B.They are going to disappear gradually.C.They kill people instead of protecting them in low-speed collisions.D.They are a standard feature of European cars.74.According to the author,what will future cars do if the s ensors detect alcohol in the driver's system?A.They will give a warning in advance.B.They will brake automatically.C.They will ease up on the throttle.D.They will not start.75.Which of the following statements is true according to thelast paragraph?A.People will give up all control to their carsB.Cars will be able to drive themselves.C.No cars will ever break down on the roads.D.Cars will all be equipped with failsafe system.答案：BCADBU5 TO U8I study political violence暴力 for a living, yet I, too, am shaken and unsure how to react. As I sit here today in my office, only a few miles from the still-burning Pentagon, images of the slaughter屠杀 in my native New York dominate统治 my thoughts. It makes it hard to concentrate on work, and it makes the everyday things seem so trivial轻微的. Only now, twenty-four hours after the tragedy 悲剧began to unfold,展开 have I begun to realize how this has affected me on so many levels.As an American, I feel threatened 危机的and confused, where only yesterday I felt proud and invincible (不可战胜的). As a citizen of the global community, I have been shocked into the reality of the reach of global terrorism. As a human being, I am appalled at the cruelty and inhumanity of these acts of terrorism. As someone who hopes to understand unspeakable acts, I am at a loss to understand this one, perhaps because it hits so close to home.I know only these things: Someone, for some reason, has decided to strike 打击at the United States. Despite the many people killed, the intended target of this attack was American power. The goal was to strike a paralyzing fear into the hearts and minds of all citizens of the U.S., and perhaps its allies协约国 as well. Thus, we -- all of us -- are the real targets of this attack. This explains why many of us, even those of us who were not near the attacks, or who knew no one affected by them, felt this tragedy so deeply.Yet we must not succumb屈从 to fear, for if we do the terrorists have won. Surely our lives will be different now. We may be more aware, more inconvenienced不方便, more insecure不安全. But we must learn to deal with this tragedy and to move on, to live our lives as fully and as entirely as before. I came to my office today, even though classes here have been cancelled, to live my life as normally as possible, for to do so in the face of yesterday's terrorist attacks is itself an act of defiance.D21. How did the author feel following the terrorist attack?A) He felt proud and invincible because Americans did not succumb to fear.B) He felt relieved because no one dear to him was injured.C) He felt sorry for those killed or injured in the tragedyD) He felt threatened and confused because he couldn't understand it. A22. The "unspeakable acts" (Para. 2) the author hopes to understand are ________.A) acts of political violenceB) acts of attacks for unknown reasonsC) acts of warD) acts of murderA23. We can infer from the passage that the author ________.A) did not expect global terrorism could hit AmericaB) had a deep understanding of terrorism even before the attackC) knew that Americans would not succumb to terrorismD) believed that life would go on as before despite the attackC24. According to the author, the aim of the terrorist attack is _________.A) to kill as many Americans as possibleB) to make Americans aware of the terrorists' strengthC) to sow panic among the AmericansD) to destroy the vital institutions of the American GovernmentC25. The author's purpose in going to his office on the day following the terrorist attack is ________.A) to give classesB) to discuss the terrorist attack with his colleaguesC) to show defiance by living his life as normally as possibleD) to get the latest news of the terrorist attackGray clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops树梢 at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10. It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek 徒步旅行over the Lolo Trail -- 95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across some of the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail 小路-- "but with this weather?"When Lewis climbed atop Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug. 12, 1805, he was astonished 惊讶的by what was in front of him: "immense关阔的 ranges of high mountains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow." Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East. Lewis and Clark weren't merely off the map; they were traveling outside the American imagination.Today their pathway小路through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is a testimony 证明to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize andconserve 保存the path as a sacred (神圣的) gift. It remains today in virtually实际上 the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it. The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft., the drifts are 15 ft. and up. We have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we barely have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken and couscous, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge.山脊 There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are isolated in a way that mixes fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.26. We learn from the passage that before 1805 _A______.A) no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky MountainsB) there were no people living in the western part of AmericaC) no one ever imagined going west to the Pacific OceanD) the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States27. Judging from the context, the word "trek" (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to _____B__.A) a lonely walk in isolated countryB) a long, hard journey over rough terrainC) a tough climb up high mountainsD) a journey over un-traveled pathways28. We learn from the passage that the Lolo Pass _A________.A) remains much as it was 200 years agoB) has changed a lot since 1805C) now attracts large numbers of touristsD) is the meeting point of two cultures29. Judging from the context, Lewis and Clark were most probably _B_______.A) two native IndiansB) explorers of the early19th centuryC) merchants who did business with the IndiansD) travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass30. We can infer from the passage that in crossing the Lolo Pass the author _A_______.A) was following the trail of Lewis and ClarkB) was trying to set a world recordC) was attempting the impossibleD) was gambling with weather and taking unnecessary risks全新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第二课课文翻译第二课 Smart Cars1Even the automobile industry, which has remained largelyunchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6完整版)课后答案及课文翻译
综合4unit1-6答案Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It is n‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg ba dly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone‘s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A A fter three years at university, I‘m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it‘s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn‘t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don‘t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn‘t much after they‘d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she‘ll get a good degree, but I wouldn‘t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here ―kind of‖ is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, Icould use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it‘s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it‘s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences us ing try as … might .1 I‘m trying to fill this last page, but I just can‘t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can‘t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn‘t seem to respond.Try as I might to be fr iendly with Marta, she doesn‘t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can‘t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can‘t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn‘t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even th ough he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn‘t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn‘t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we‘re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we‘re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it‘s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it‘s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She‘s experienced at giving advice. I‘m more experienced.She‘s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I‘m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn‘t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don‘t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn‘t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don‘t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn‘t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven‘t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy ―kissing and making up‖ after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it‘s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It‘s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all th at‘s before I‘ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I‘m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won‘t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I‘m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新目标大学英语：《综合教程》第四册(WELearn答案)培训资料
新目标大学英语：《综合教程》第四册(W E L e a r n答案)新目标大学英语：《综合教程》第四册U1•Textbook StudyListening1）attitude2）on the basis of3）positive and negative4）Self-esteem5）subjective6）consciously or unconsciously7）have got used to8）taken for granted9）subconscious mind10）self-appraisalText BParas. 1–3：a、Fb、Fc、O/FParas. 4 – 8：a、Fb、Fc、Fd、FParas. 9–15：a、O/Fb、O/Fc、O/FPara. 16：F•CET-Oriented Study Listening1、A2、C3、D4、C5、C6、C7、D8、BReading Comprehension（1）D（2）N（3）I（4）B（5）H（6）O（7）L（8）J（9）G（10）EParagraph Translation（翻译参考）China serves as home to 56 ethnic groups. The largest group, the Han, makes up over 91% of China’s population. As the majority of the population is of the Han ethnic group, the other 55 ethnic groups are customarily referred to as the national minorities. The Han people can be found throughout the country, though mainly on the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Pearl River valleys, and the Northeast Plain. The national minorities, though fewer in number, are also widely dispersed throughout China, often inhabiting important border regions from northeast China to north, northwest and southwest China. Equality, unity and common prosperity are the fundamental principles of China’s government in handling the relations between different ethnic groups. Meanwhile, China exercises a policy of regional autonomy for various ethnic groups, allowing ethnic groups living incompact communities to establish self-government and direct their own affairs.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BDADB6-10: CBACA11-15: CBDAD16-20: CDDBCUnit Test - II1-5: BCCBC（6）C. insecure（7）G. compare（8）H. influence（9）J. impact（10）L. post（11）M. surveyed（12）I. negative（13）O. participants（14）D. preoccupation（15）A. establish16-20: DCBDA21-25: CCADAU2•Textbook StudyListening1）habit of living2）profound changes3）human activities4）extinction events5）human agricultural technology 6）domesticating7）cultivate plants8）intimate knowledge9）familiar with10）human companionsText B1）spreading the word about “the crisis facing these social, sensitive, passionately intense, playful, complex, exceedingly intelligent and endangered creatures”.2）their sizes and species.3）they are quite consciously together, each pacing herself to the other’s gait and waiting for the other to catch up.4）stood vigil outside the building, knowing that her friend was inside.5）saw past the things they didn’t have in common and found in each other common ground enough•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、A3、C4、D5、C6、A7、D8、AReading Comprehension（1）G（2）A（3）F（4）J（5）B（6）K（7）C（8）H（9）I（10）BParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Chinese martial arts may be traced back to prehistoric timeswhen Chinese ancestors used stones and wooden clubs in hunting for subsistence and self-defense. It is recorded in the history thatthere were people specializing in martial arts during the periods of Spring and Autumn and the Warring States, and considered it as a theory to maintain good health and applied it in wars when necessary. The martial arts are either bare-handed or weapon-in-hand practiceor performance according to certain sets. Generally speaking, modern martial arts consist of such five categories as boxing, weapon exercises, sparring exercises, actual combat and teamwork. The five categories can be further divided into different schools or styles. The martial arts play positive roles in strengthening the body, developing the potential of the body, tempering people’s will power and even curing difficult and complex cases of illness. They are a precious national cultural legacy of China.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BDADB6-10: BACAB11-15: DDACB16-20: DDADAUnit Test - II1-5: CBBAB（6）E. companion （7）A. affinity （8）L. disparity （9）G. species （10）F. infirmity （11）O. immobile （12）C. vigil（13）I. resumed （14）N. overwhelming （15）D. memorial16-20: BADCC21-25: BCABCU3•Textbook StudyListening1）long-term survival2）coordinate the relationship3）environmental goals4）promote this concept5）economic and political issues 6）building materials7）architecture and ecology8）environmental effects9）the preservation10）enjoyment of future generationsText BPara. 1assemble a real building and structure a businessPara. 2a critical architecturePara. 3a Paul Rudolph building in Boston and Richard Neutra’s Cyclorama Building in Gettysburg,Para. 4·wanting to save the entire building,·wanting to demolish it.Para. 5the protagonist in the battle to save or the antithesis to modern design.Para. 6emerges the richness of place and understanding of time.Para. 8experience and imagination,•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、A3、B4、B5、B6、B7、A8、CReading Comprehension（1）B（2）F（3）B（4）H（5）A（6）E（7）J（8）I（9）G（10）CParagraph Translation（翻译参考）The Ancient City of Ping Yao is one of the well-preserved ancient county-level cities in China. Located in Ping Yao County, central Shanxi Province, the property includes three parts: the entire area within the walls of Ping Yao, Shuanglin Temple 6kilometers southwest of the county seat, and Zhenguo Temple 12 kilometers northeast of the county seat. The design of this Ancient City shows the evolution of architectural styles and town planning in Imperial China over the past five centuries. Noteworthy are the imposing buildings associated with trading and banking in the city, for Ping Yao was the major center for the whole China in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It retains all the Han city features, and provides a complete picture of the cultural, social, economic and religious development in Chinese history. It is of great value for researchers’ studying of the social form, economic structure, military defense, religious belief, traditional thinking,traditional ethics and dwelling form during that time.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: CCCBA6-10: DCCAA11-15: DBBAA16-20: BDCBAUnit Test - II1-5: ABABB（6）A. demolish（7）N. lens（8）H. encapsulate（9）L. room（10）J. rootedness（11）G. integrated（12）B. aspirations（13）K. reintroduced（14）E. symbiotic（15）C. commission16-20: CCBAD21-25: DCCCDU4•Textbook StudyListening1）delivered to2）a science fiction3）physical objects4）manufacturing capabilities 5）storage of information6）technological advances7）is limited8）positive impact9）transportation emissions10）a range of industriesText B1）to study and understand natural phenomenato use this knowledge to make our lives more comfortable2）there is no anesthetic and no drilling3）mycelia, combined with buckwheat and rice husksdebut soon as protective packaging for computers and furniture4）to repel water and soil, fight germs, detect dangerous chemicals and explosives, and conduct enough energy5）there is no need to buy syringes and no need to fill them either; and nobody will miss the pain•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、C2、B3、A4、C5、A6、C7、C8、BReading Comprehension（1）B（2）J（3）A（4）I（5）G（6）E（7）F（8）D（9）E（10）HParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Ecological civilization describes the level of harmony that exists between human progress and natural existence in human civilization. Ecological civilization, like material civilization, cultural and ethical civilization, and political civilization, is a historical concept. As such, ecological civilization is constantly undergoing a process of evolution from a lower stage to a higherstage as human civilization progresses. A comprehensive plan for the promotion of ecological progress was outlined in the politicalreport to the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC. The report clearly states that we must incorporate the idea of ecological civilization into every aspect of economic, political, cultural, and social progress; step up efforts to develop a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society; and strive to build abeautiful China so as to realize lasting and sustainable development for the Chinese nation and make due contributions to global ecological security.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: CABDB6-10: AABAD11-15: ACBCA16-20: CDACBUnit Test - II1-5: CABCB（6）E. obtained（7）D. decaying（8）I. injecting（9）H. solidifies（10）C. available（11）F. eligible（12）B. routes（13）N. alternative（14）A. combined（15）G. protective16-20: BDADB21-25: CABCAU5•Textbook StudyListening1）gas emissions2）renewable energy3）ultimate source of energy 4）fossil fuels5）alternative energy6）mass transportation7）limited in supply8）our growing energy challenges9）diverse energy technologies10）destroy our environmentText B1）fossil fuelsglobal warmingatmospheric pollutants productioneconomic development hindrance2）renewable energyother alternative energy sources which are greener and renewable.3）the fossil fuelsit is derived from natural processes that are replenished constantly.4）it can reduce the reliance on exhaustible sources of fossil fuelsit is clean from the environmental point of view.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、D3、B4、C5、B6、C7、AReading Comprehension （1）E（2）B（3）I（4）A（5）D（6）G（7）J（8）F（9）C（10）HParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Traditionally, the Chinese love sports as an essential way for keeping fit as well as for entertainment. As one of the main sports to help people stay fit, Taijiquan is very popular with Chinese people. It used to be a martial art, but since it aids both self-defense and health, it gradually turned into a form of exercise. Taijiquan has deep and profound philosophical connotations; it embodies the unique wisdom of the Chinese people, and reflects the characteristics of Chinese culture.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ADCBC6-10: BABDC11-15: BABCC16-20: BCDBCUnit Test - II1-5: BAAAB（6）N. reserves（7）K. shortage（8）J. affect（9）M. abundant（10）D. alternative（11）E. definition（12）B. derived（13）G. Typical（14）F. regard（15）H. emission16-20: ABDDB21-25: ADBCAU6•Textbook StudyListening1）Satellite technology2）the exploration of the universe 3）exciting and fruitful areas4）the other planets5）technological reasons6）benefited hugely7）strive to learn8）what’s around the corner9）fantastic manifestation10）pursue our explorationText B1）there’s the hard vacuum, the lethal cold and the ever-present risk of even a small meteor hit. Also the pressure is nearly zero.2）Mark for his four shuttle missions and his cumulative 54 days in space; Scott for his two shuttle flights, including a six-month stay aboard the International Space Station (ISS).3）Blood samples tests, saliva samples tests, cheek swabs tests, psychological and fitness tests, and follow-up tests.4）the time Mark has already spent in space muddies the study up a little since he’s been exposed to the same exotic physical environment Scott has.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、D3、A4、D5、B6、D7、CReading Comprehension（1）F（2）I（3）E（4）C（5）A（6）D（7）H（8）J（9）B（10）GParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Nearly 600 years later, the Temple of Heaven still standsintact in the south of Beijing. Covering an area nearly five times as large as the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, with its numerous halls and buildings, attracts visitors from around the world. It not only presents spectacular scenery, but also represents the Chinese pursuit of harmony between Heaven and mortals. Only the emperor could pray at the Temple of Heaven. Common people were not allowed access. Yet the idea of showing awe and gratitude to Heaven was not reserved for the emperor alone, but was shared by the people as well.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BCDCB6-10: BCBAB11-15: ABBBC16-20: BCBDBUnit Test - II1-5: DBCBA（6）C. hospitable（7）F. risk（8）B. pressure（9）I. expand（10）L. absence（11）J. unconsciousness （12）M. sooner（13）D. adjust（14）N. fatigued（15）G. damage16-20: CABDB21-25: DBDBDU7•Textbook StudyListening1）rational scientific explanation 2）via the Internet3）at the thought of4）transplanting an artificial heart 5）with chronic diseases6）explain the reasons behind7）a mystery to a large extent8）amaze scientists9）evolves into10）what we know about natureText B1、C2、C3、A4、C5、A•CET-Oriented Study Listening1、D2、B3、B4、D5、C6、C7、BReading Comprehension （1）F（2）J（3）B（4）H（5）A（6）D（7）I（8）C（9）E（10）GParagraph Translation（翻译参考）The Silk Road refers to a transport route connecting ancient China with Central Asia, West Asia, Africa, and the European continent. It appeared as early as the second century B.C and was traveled mainly by silk merchants. The Silk Road functioned not only as a trade route, but also as a bridge that linked the ancient civilizations of China, India, the Mesopotamian plains, Egypt, and Greece. It also helped to promote the exchange of science and technology between east and west as a communicating artery going through Eurasian continent.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: DCBDD6-10: ACBBC11-15: CCABA16-20: DDCADUnit Test - II1、A2、D3、C4、B5、A6、 D（6）G. agony（7）L. suffer（8）E. conservative （9）J. temporary （10）C. ease（11）I. implantable （12）D. battery （13）O. mild（14）A. immediate （15）M. miracle16-20: CCDCD21-25: CDBADU8•Textbook StudyListening1）no packaging product2）paper-based3）Recycling figures vary greatly4）those same statistics5）we drink from6）absolute confidence7）agricultural byproduct waste8）seek and continue9）we make and use10）convenient recycling processText B1）climate changes may bring a lot of harm, even disasters to mankind.2）different parts of the world will be affected to different degrees.3）areas that are already lack of water will be hit more severely.4）poor people are particularly vulnerable to illnesses caused by climate changes.5）climate changes can have different effects on men and women. •CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、B3、D4、C5、B6、C7、CReading Comprehension（1）H（2）C（3）J（4）A（5）E（6）B（7）D（8）G（9）F（10）IParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Porcelain has been of great significance in the history of Chinese civilization. Around the first century, porcelain production first emerged in China, and by the Song Dynasty the craft of porcelain making had become mature.In English, “porcelain” shares the same word with the name of the country —“china”. This proves that Europeans in ancient times related porcelain closely with China. Porcelain found its way to Europe in the 15th century, playing an important place in the exchanges between China and other countries. Porcelain earned a good reputation for China for its delicacy and elegance.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ABACD6-10: BCDCB11-15: BDABC16-20: ACDBAUnit Test - II1-5: CABCA（6）D. basic（7）G. threaten （8）M. sensitive （9）A. differ （10）L. vulnerable （11）E. equally （12）K. regions （13）C. benefit （14）I. adapt （15）H. communities 16-20:ADCCB21-25: DBBBC。
新目标大学英语系列教材：综合教程第四册 主编 刘正光 胡志雯
第一单元Key to ExercisesText AReading Comprehension 1. A.B.C.Once you let go of that self-consciousness, you can interact without it getting in the way.2. A.2) our opinion of our own looks3) self-appraisal4) self-image5) self-judgment6) self-concept7) self-aware8) self-consciousness9) a picture of ourselvesB.2) a system inside one’s brain that helps gather data for the self-judgment of one’s appearance.3) It refers to what psychologists call the built-in hot-or-not meter.4) In psychology, it refers to the measures of a personality trait in public.5) the psychological system that tends to overstate or understate a particular personality trait.Reading and Discussing3.1) Because the social status of women is often contingent upon their faces and bodies, they are particularly susceptible to the “contrast effect”.2) Yes. With correct understanding of yourself, you know exactly what you really want to do, what you can do, and what level you can reach. With a clear goal, strong determination and diligence, you will succeed one day.Language in Use4. A.B.1) a. exceptionally b. exceptional2) a. anonymous b. anonymously3) a. validate b. validation4) a. susceptible b. susceptibility5) a. adolescents b. Adolescence6) a. gleamed b. gleam7) a. liable b. Liability8) a. exclusive b. exclusively 5.1) compare with2) zero in on3) are fixated on4) get in the way5) in a favorable light6) fix myself up 6. A.1) self-discipline2) self-propelled3) self-evident4) self-motivated5) self-assured6) self-employed7) self-critical8) self-destruct9) self-made10) self-centered11) self-abandoned12) self-organize B.1) self-motivated2) self-perceptions3) self-evident4) self-organize5) self-employed6) self-critical7) self-made8) self-centered9) self-destruct10) self-assured; self-conscious7.1) a. estimate b. appraise c. evaluate d. assessed2) a. declared b. announced c. broadcast3) a. cancelled b. withdrew c. abolished4) a. stimulate b. motivated c. activates5) a. synthesize b. combine c. incorporate8.1) ……即使在同一个晚上，在一个聚会上我们可能感觉自己是众人瞩目的焦点，但在下一个聚会上也许感觉自己十分卑微。
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册课文翻译及习题答案(上海外语教育出版
Chinese Translations of Texts A(Units 1-8)参考译文第一单元与自然力量抗争课文A????人道是骄兵必败。
就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧，他们所向披靡，便以为自己战无不胜，不可阻挡。
但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。
冰雪卫士奈拉·B·斯密斯????1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。
他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。
他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。
但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌——俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。
1941年，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。
希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。
他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。
希特勒希望速战速决，但是，就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，他得到的是痛苦的教训。
仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。
拿破仑发起的战役????1812年春，拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。
这些士兵受过良好训练，作战力强，装备精良。
这支军队被称为大军。
拿破仑对马到成功充满自信，预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。
????不久，拿破仑的大军渡过涅曼河进入俄国。
拿破仑期盼着的速决速胜迟迟没有发生。
令他吃惊的是，俄国人并不奋起抵抗。
相反，他们一路东撤，沿途焚毁庄稼和民居。
大军紧追不舍，但它的长驱直入很快由于粮草运输缓慢而停顿下来。
????到了8月，法俄两军在斯摩棱斯克交战，这一战役中，双方各有上万人阵亡。
可是，俄国人仍能在自己的国土上继续后撒。
拿破仑未能取得决定性的胜利。
此刻他面临着一个重要抉择。
是继续追击俄国，军队，还是把军队驻扎在斯摩棱斯克，在那儿度过将到的冬天? ????拿破仑孤注一掷，决定向远在448公里之外的莫斯科进发。
1812年9月7日，法俄两军在莫斯科以西112公里外的鲍罗季诺激战。
夜幕降临时，3万名法国士兵以及4万4千名俄国士兵或伤或亡，倒在了战场上。
全新版大学英语综合教程4电子教案Unit4 ppt课件
Industries Automobile, Aerospace & Defence, Technology, Banking, Business Services, Chemicals, Energy, Engineering and Construction, FinanciDaetlailSedeRrevadiicnges, Healthcare, Information Technologies, Institutionals, Media, Communication and Entertainment, Multi-industries, Retail and Consumer Goods, Transport Services, Travel and Tourism
全新版大学英语综合教程4电子教案unit4
Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading
Unit 4 Globalization After Reading Supplementary Reading
An English Song — Imagine
Detailed Reading
2. What is picked out as an example of showing
globalization? Tell it in your own words.
Unit 4 Globalization
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
Watch and discuss Watch the video clip “No Logo: brands globalization resistance” and discuss within your group questions given.
全新版大学英语综合教程4
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程41~6单元考试涉及内容单词背诵课文翻译句子VocabularyCloseUnit1 Fighing with the Forces of Nature背诵课文:In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia . He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their home land. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital c ity. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war mac hine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.翻译：1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。
(完整版)全新版大学英语综合教程4课后习题答案
全新版大学英语综合教程4课后习题答案Unit 1I. Vocabulary1.1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations 8) siege9) raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of2.1) is faced with 2) get bogged down3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on5) get by 6) dine out7) have cut back 8) get through3.1)The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2)Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers’strike.3)Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.4)Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off guard.5)The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date.4.1)Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases.2)Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.3)The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans.In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.II. More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of themost dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body couldwithstand the harsh weather.III. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it.3) It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work.4) Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep.5) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Structure1.1) To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by 30 percent.2) To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before it collapsed.3) To our disappointment, our women's team lost out to the North Koreans.4) We think, much to our regret, that we will not be able to visit you during the coming Christmas.2.1)These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile.2)By 1948, the People's Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the Yangtze River.3)Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but came to live in the United States at the age of four.4) The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States for about 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. invasion3. Conquest5. launching7. campaign9. reckon with(B)1. allow2..reckoned3. highly4.forecasts5. rapidly6.instant7. delivery8.advantage9. observing 10.Powerful 2. stand in the way4. catching... off his guard 6. declaration8. drag on10. bringing...to a haltII. Translation1)Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2)We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3)Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4)Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.5)Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Unit 2I. Vocabulary1.1.expansion2. automated3. vapor4. take control of5. hazards6. satellite7.vibrated8.magnetic9. bunched 10. in the air 11. got stuck in 12.approximately2.1. send out2. stand up for3. pass for4. were closing in on5. starting up6. went through7. fill out8. fall into3.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII. Word formationKilogram Medical careMemorandum Electronic mailGymnasium Communications satelliteLiberation News broadcastDoctor Sky hijackVeterinarian European dollarPreparatory Breakfast and lunchAutomobile Television broadcastinfluenza Oxford and CambridgeIII. Usage1) swimming pool2 ) drawing board3 ) enriched Middle English4 ) disturbing change5 ) fully developed prototype6 ) Canned foods7 ) working population8 ) puzzling differencesComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert5) hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled5) opportunities 6) overall 7)manufacturing 8) dependent9) interact 10) fatalitiesII. Translation1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems.3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently.5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.Unit 3I. Vocabulary1)rude 2) physically 3) structure 4) made a difference5)blurted (out) 6) chuckling 7) Measurable 8) prospective9)preparations 10) Sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner1)go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for5) build in 6) follow up 7) be hooked up to 8) closed up1) grilled her about where she had been all night2) beyond Cinderella’s wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the King’s palace3) will be in readers' hands soon4) do your homework before going on an interview.5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.1）applicants, veteran, the prospective2）From his standpoint, has made every endeavor to goafter3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barely1. Behave2. used to avoid repetition3. clean4. get along5. perform/complete6. perform/complete7. Study 8. be enough 9. be acceptableStructure1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin.OK,I’ll talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper.Now, why is this an advantage?4. I’m going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes.By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job.Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris is back from Australia.Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful. Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(1) Prospective (2)As I see it(3) done your homework (4) beforehand(5) Endeavor (6) structure(7) Partners (8) Respond(9) take a crack (10) from the standpoint(11) make a difference (12) follow up(1) encouraging(2) inquiry(3) relevant (4) samples(5) references (6) advice(7) preparing (8) seriously(9) probably (10) exhibitII. Translation1) Despite thein adequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2)Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted(out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital.Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gave generously upon learning that new schoolrooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.Well begun, half done,as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment.From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don’t have much of a chance of success.Unit 4I. Vocabulary1) advantageous 2) let alone3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark5) entitled 6) displace7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen9) contradictions 10) aspires11) divorced 12) pendulums1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in 6) sucks in7) clean up 8) turn away1)For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest car maker.3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wife over money matters.4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5)She doesn’t even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleII. Word formationIII. Usage1) An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2) The reason(he gave) that he didn’t notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory.3) Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4) Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. academicsworking3.a variety of4.growth5. vanish6.f acilitate7. endorsing 8.outlook9. sweeping aside 10.patriotic11. erasing 12.strike a balance(B)1. aided2.effects3.distances4. connected5. invested6. features7. prevailing 8. qualitatively9. volume 10. DistinguishingII. Translation1) Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4) Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?5) The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries.Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas to look for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The internet has strengthened the links between Chinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don’t seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish.Unit 5I. Vocabulary1)In a way 2) in accordance 3) vacancy 4) in good condition5) transparent 6) rub 7) spicy 8) hitherto9) with (a) bad grace 10) instinct 11) pawned 12) current1) turned up 2) will stick to 3) brought back 4)go about5) driving at 6) put away 7) over 8) took aback1) has a very weak constitution --- she may not be able to survive the operation.2) was taken aback by the insurance company’s rejection of my compensation claim3) was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.4) needs trimming/ to be trimmed ---it’s getting too long.5) are often deceptive1) Oddly enough /went broke /wrinkled / he had gone all to pieces2) definite / is capable of /her vanity3) too mild / sipping / strokeII. Usage1. Except for2. except that3. except4. except when5. except to6. except what7. except where8. except thatIII.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.insane2. current3. candid4. capable5.was taken aback6. in good condition7. constitution8. go all to pieces9. gone broke 10. vacancy 11. mild 12. deceptive1. suspected2. pleading3. confirmed4. stunned5. lucrative6. jewellery7. wealthy8. urge9. spell 10. ArrestedII. Translation1)I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an adventurer.2)He is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to noises.3) The trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto in force.4)Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but only a few turned up.5)The teacher’s affectionate words, along with his candid comments, changed the way Mikeperceived the society and himself.For my own part, I find that appearances are all too often deceptive. For instance, you might be wrong if you judged by appearances only people like Edward Hyde Burton. In appearance, he seemed a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow with white hair and mild blue eyes, gentle and candid. Nevertheless, he turned out to be very cruel. He insulted and fooled Lenny who was down and out and made him commit himself to an insane venture. What was still more surprising was that he was completely indifferent to Lenny’s death. Without doubt, Burton was a man with a heart of stone.Unit ６I. Vocabulary1)appliances 2) comparative 3) multiply 4) distribution5)prosperity 6) decorate 7) famine 8) large quantities of/ a large quantity of 9) streamline 10) fax 11) pointed the way to 12) bewildered1) eat into 2) cling to3) stand out/ stood out 4) wears away5) set about 6) switch off7) will be turned loose 8) poured in１）is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4 percent.２）to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.３）was urged to divert some of its attention from expanding production and get more involved with issues of market demand.４）can really eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at ￡900 and dresses at￡2,000.５）has toiled endlessly over the exercise machine for the last twenty years in order to keep her body in shape.reaction to; discontent; provokedConvention; evading tax; the confines ofa burden; are always on the go/ seem forever on the go; to copeII. Confusable Words1. 1) nervousness 2) tension 3) stress; stress 4) tension2. 1) honorary 2) Honorable 3) honorable 4) honorary 5) honorable 6) HonoraryIII. Usage１）Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is it sensible, we may ask, to spend large sums of money to save some species – be it an elephant or an orchid – in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?２）This new technology could be used anywhere large numbers of people need to be quickly screened --- at airports, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph readings by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax themselves.３）With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, often due to financial difficulties, you would say that money is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not, it isn’t money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.４）Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sites promoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1) switch off 2) obliged 3) on the go 4) cope5) shortage 6) large quantity of 7) pouring in 8) by nature9) fraction 10) futile1) advantage 2) wisely 3)faithfully 4)waking5)includes 6) schedule 7) sticking 8)priorities9) set 10) respectII. Translation１）They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/ cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so far.２）Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my head.３）The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a trip.４）The appalling explosion started a big fire and caused the partial collapse of the building.５）In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious time.Today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, and to possess more. Lots of people hold the wrong perception that happiness lies in working hard and earning well/ good money.Many women today feel the same stress to work and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder the burden of domestic responsibilities.Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to toil longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of our time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.Unit ７I. Vocabulary1. divined2. nerves3. solidarity4. sacred; mourn5.Coated6. perish7. hijack8. grief9. farewell 10. take revenge on11. revolves 12. denounced1. drop…off2. applied for3. went off4. are gaining on5. bring down6. blotted out7. think back on8. picking at1. brought down the American housing market in 20082. what will happen after his son steps into his shoes?3. not in the mood to go out4. long before the market began to show signs of weakness5. mourn the loss of the tranquil life we had in the countryside1. in the aftermath of; to blot our; the tragic2. armed; at dust; accomplices; explosives3. in the space of; no illusionII. Collocation1. a little of2. a few; most of // many of3. much4. few5. many6. many of7. much of8. little9. few of 10. SomeIII. UsageAs the boy grew oldershe sings as beautifully as a nightingale // sings like a nightingalethey don’t see themselves as servants of the peopleAs she had left her key in the officeJust do as you are toldAreas once regarded as ruralas they do in ChinaAs he was brave and loyal as wellComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. mood2. tragic3. in the (immediate) aftermath of4. chaos5. toppling6. solidarity7. take revenge on8. thinking back on9. mourning 10. perished1. crashed2. horrible3. harsh4. protect5. remove6. utterly7. truly8. justify9. rewarded 10. devastatingII. Translation1)Some high-ranking officers of the armed forces started a coup, toppling the government and throwing the country into chaos.2)The falling market shattered the illusion about getting rich quickly3)Thinking back on the history of World War II, we can see that the formation of the Allies was the natural product of the development of political and military circumstances then.4)Paul felt stung when Jim called him a religious fanatic. But as he was in no mood for q quarrel not in a quarreling mood, he simply pretended not to hear it．５）People say that time heals all wounds. But for those who have lost their loved ones in the event, will time fill up the void in their hearts?Today, long after the earthquake shook // hit my tome-town, I can still recall, in crystal detail, what I saw as I ran out of my home with my parents. The building just across the street toppled right before our eyes, debris flew everywhere and a cloud of choking dust blotted out the sun.Horror-stricken people ran in all directions, crying and screaming.Now, many years after that tragic event, a new town has risen on the wreckage of the old one. In the town square, a memorial has been build to remember those killed in the disaster. It seems the wounds in people’s hearts have healed, but the memory will linger.。
新目标大学英语系列教材：综合教程第四册主编刘正光胡志雯
第一单元Key to ExercisesText AReading Comprehension 1. A.B.C.Once you let go of that self-consciousness, you can interact without it getting in the way.2. A.2) our opinion of our own looks3) self-appraisal4) self-image5) self-judgment6) self-concept7) self-aware8) self-consciousness9) a picture of ourselvesB.2) a system inside one’s brain that helps gather data for the self-judgment of one’s appearance.3) It refers to what psychologists call the built-inhot-or-not meter.4) In psychology, it refers to the measures of a personality trait in public.5) the psychological system that tends to overstate or understate a particular personality trait.Reading and Discussing3.1) Because the social status of women is often contingent upon their faces and bodies, they are particularly susceptible to the “contrast effect”.2) Yes. With correct understanding of yourself, you know exactly what you really want to do, what you can do, and what level you can reach. With a clear goal, strong determination and diligence, you will succeed one day. Language in Use4. A.B.1) a. exceptionally b. exceptional2) a. anonymous b. anonymously3) a. validate b. validation4) a. susceptible b. susceptibility5) a. adolescents b. Adolescence6) a. gleamed b. gleam7) a. liable b. Liability8) a. exclusive b. exclusively5.1) compare with2) zero in on3) are fixated on4) get in the way5) in a favorable light6) fix myself up6. A.1) self-discipline2) self-propelled3) self-evident4) self-motivated5) self-assured6) self-employed7) self-critical8) self-destruct9) self-made10) self-centered11) self-abandoned12) self-organizeB.1) self-motivated2) self-perceptions3) self-evident4) self-organize5) self-employed6) self-critical7) self-made8) self-centered9) self-destruct10) self-assured; self-conscious7.1) a. estimate b. appraise c. evaluate d. assessed2) a. declared b. announced c. broadcast3) a. cancelled b. withdrew c. abolished4) a. stimulate b. motivated c. activates5) a. synthesize b. combine c. incorporate8.1) ……即使在同一个晚上，在一个聚会上我们可能感觉自己是众人瞩目的焦点，但在下一个聚会上也许感觉自己十分卑微。
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Unit 1研究表明：在两性及众多文化中，长相好的人，特别是从青春期开始，往往被评价为具有出色的性格特质的人。
事情为何如此？有些人觉得，由于遇见外表迷人者和品德优良者都令人愉快，我们会不假思索地把这二者混为一谈。
但是，这一说法似乎并不客观。
西安大略大学(University of Western Ontario) 的桑波·保诺宁(Sampo Paunonen) 博士的研究发现，被形容为较诚实的人也会被认为更讨人喜欢，而越讨人喜欢的人，外貌也就更具吸引力。
Research has shown that in both sexes and across numerous cultures, especially from adolescence, good-looking people are often evaluated to be ones with exceptional personality traits.Why should this be so? Some people have perceived that since it is pleasurable to meet someone with attractive physical appearance and someone with good moral character, we automatically mix them up.But this statement does not seem to be objective. The studies by Dr. Sampo Paunonen of the University of Western Ontario reveal that people who were described as being more honest were rated as more likable, and the more likable, the more physically attractive.Unit 21960年简·古多尔开始了她在坦桑尼亚的贡贝溪国家公园对黑猩猩社群的研究。
由于没有专业的训练来指导其研究，古多尔观察到了可能会被严格的科学教条(doctrine)所忽视的东西。
她没有给进入观察的黑猩猩编号，而是给他们取名，如菲菲和灰胡子大卫，并发现他们具有独特的个性。
古多尔在贡贝溪的研究在科学界最为人称道的是，她的发现打破了当时人们长期存在的两个信念：只有人类才会制造和使用工具，以及黑猩猩是素食者。
Jane Goodall began studying the chimpanzee community in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania, in 1960. Without professional training to direct her research, Goodall observed things that strict scientific doctrines may have overlooked.Instead of numbering the chimpanzees she observed, she gave them names such as Fifi and David Greybeard, and found they had unique and individual personalities. Goodall’s research at Gombe Stream is best known to the scientific community for challenging two long-standing beliefs of the day: that only humans could make and use tools, and that chimpanzees were vegetarians.Unit 3天坛 (The Temple of Heaven) 是明、清两代皇帝“祭天”(offer sacrifices to the heaven)、“祈谷”(pray for good harvest) 的场所。
坛域北呈圆形，南为方形，寓意“天圆地方”。
四周环筑坛墙两道，把全坛分为内坛 (the Inner Altar)、外坛两部分，总面积273公顷，主要建筑集中于内坛。
内坛以墙分为南北两部。
北为“祈谷坛”(the Altar of Praying for Bumper Crops)，用于春季祈祷丰年，中心建筑是祈年殿 (the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests)。
南为“圜丘坛”(the Circular Mound Altar)，专门用于“冬至”(winter solstice)日祭天 (worship Heaven)，中心建筑是一巨大的圆形石台，名“圜丘”(the Circular Mound)。
天坛集明、清建筑技艺之大成，是中国古建珍品，是世界上最大的祭天建筑群。
1998年被联合国教科文组织确认为“世界文化遗产”。
The Temple of Heaven was the venue for emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties to offer sacrifices to the heaven and pray for good harvest. It is round in the north and square in the south, implying "round heaven and square earth". Covering an area of 273 hectares, it is divided by two enclosed walls into the Inner Altar and the Outer Altar. Principal buildings congregate within the Inner Altar.The Inner Altar is also partitioned by a wall into two groups of buildings. The north structure is the Altar of Praying for Bumper Crops with the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests as the principal building used to pray in spring for a bumper harvest in the year. The south structure is the Circular Mound Altar used to worship Heaven at the winter solstice where the principal construction is a large round marble terrace named the Circular Mound.A masterpiece of the Ming and Qing architectural art and a precious example of China's ancient architecture, The Temple of Heaven is the largest architectural group for worshipping Heaven in the world. In 1998, it was recognized by the UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage.Unit 4印刷术是中国古代四大发明之一，始于隋朝的雕版印刷。
经宋仁宗（Emperor Renzong in Song Dynasty）时的毕昇发展、完善，产生了活字印刷，并由蒙古人传至了欧洲，所以后人称毕昇为印刷术的始祖。
中国的印刷术是人类近代文明的先导，为知识的广泛传播、交流创造了条件。
印刷术先后传到朝鲜、日本、中亚、西亚和欧洲。
1450年前后，德国的古腾堡（Gutenberg）受中国活字印刷的影响，用合金制成了拼音文字的活字，用来印刷书籍。
古腾堡使用活字印刷，比毕昇使用活字印刷已经晚了四百多年。
As one of the four great inventions of ancient China, typography which began from the woodblock printing in Sui Dynasty evolved into a movable-type one after Bi Sheng’s development and improvement in the reign of Emperor Renzong in Song Dynasty. After that, it was introduced into Europe by the Mongolians, so Bi Sheng was regarded as the pioneer of typography.Chinese typography, which created possibility for the wide dissemination and exchange of knowledge, is the forerunner of modern human civilization. It has been introduced to North Korea, Japan, Central Asia, West Asia and Europe. Around 1450, Gutenberg, a German, who was influenced by the Chinese movable-type printing, invented movable alloy types for alphabets and used them in printing books. The refore, Gutenberg’s use of movable-type printing was over 400 years behind Bi Sheng’s use.Unit 5绿色能源对于建设可持续发展型社会至关重要，不仅仅因为它能提供诸多就业机会，更在于它能为投身于该领域的学生提供大量激发创造性的机会。