考研英语真题阅读 夜 篇精读直播随堂笔记

Text3①The US＄3-million Fundamental Physics Price is indeed an interesting experiment,as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March.正如亚历山大.波利亚科夫在今年三月接受今年的基础物理学奖的时候所说的那样，金额达到300万美金的基础物理学奖的确是个有趣的尝试。

（这一奖项的本质与诺贝尔奖有着天壤之别，后者只有当一项成果已经经历了彻底的测试和验证才会被认定为是突破性的进展，有时往往与最初的发表相隔几十年的光景。

与此相反，基础物理学奖似乎以那些理论上的进步为目标，在这次获奖的9位科学家中，有6人都从事与弦理论有关的研究。

）Yuri Milner投资人：Facebook、Whatsup、AirBnB、Snapchat、Spotify等以及阿里巴巴、京东、滴滴、小米和美团等公司。

②And it is far from the only one of its type.1.far from being;China is far from being a world economy leader.中国远不是世界经济的领导者。

同类型的奖项也远非这一个。

③As a News Feature article in Nature discusses,a string of lucrative awards for researchershave joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years.正如《自然》杂志上一篇新闻专题文章所讨论的那样，近年来一系列金额丰厚的奖项加入到了诺贝尔奖的行列。

④Many,like the Fundamental Physics Prize,are funded from the telephones-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs.像基础物理学奖一样，很多奖项的经费来自互联网企业家的巨额银行账户。

⑤These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields,they say,and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.这些出资人在他们所选领域获得了成功。

他们想用他们的财富让人们去关注那些在科学上取得成功的人。

①What’s not to like?Quite a lot,according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature.有什么不妥呢？就新闻专题引用的少数科学家的话来讲，有很多。

②You cannot buy class,as the old saying goes,and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels.俗话说，你买不来阶级，这些新兴的企业家没法给他们设立的奖项买来像诺贝尔奖那样的声望。

③The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them,say scientists.科学家们说，这些奖只不过是设立这些奖的人的自我炒作而已。

这些奖是背后的企业家们为了自我宣传而设置的。

④They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research.他们会扭曲以成果为基础，以同行评审为引导的体系。

⑤They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research.他们会使同行评审研究的现状固化不前。

⑥They do not fund peer-reviewed research.他们不会资助同行评审研究。

⑦They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.Perpetuate:使…长存；myth of the lone genius个人天才的神话①The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism.A seem as scattered as BA和B一样，各不相同；A are as diversified as B和批评一样，奖项设立者的目标也不尽相同。

②Some want to shock,others to draw people into science,or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.有的人是为了想震惊世界，其他人是为了吸引人才从事科学研究，有些人想更好地回报那些以科学研究为事业的人。

have made their careers in research.以科研为事业的人He has made his career in teaching.他以教书为事业。

①As Nature has pointed out before,there are some legitimate concerns about how science prize—both new and old—are distributed.Legitimate：合理的，正当的，合法的；Legitimacy（合法性，合理性）地位！就如自然杂志以往指出过的那样，科学奖项（无论新旧），其分配方式确有值得担心之处。

②The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences,launched this year,takes an unrepresentative view of what the life science include.今年新设立的生命科学突破奖在就生命科学包括哪些（内涵）这件事上采用了一种不具备代表性的观点。

③But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize,each of whom must still be living,has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research–as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging thediscovery of the Higgs boson.A outgrow B：A使B不适应A了B has been outgrown by A.但是，诺贝尔奖在设立时规定每个奖项最多有三名获奖者，而且每个人必须依然活着；这种理念早就不适应现代研究的大规模协作这一事实了。

就如谈到希格斯玻色子的发现颁奖时，都会不可避免地争论谁被忽略了，这点也证明了现代研究的大规模协作这一事实。

The collaborative nature of modern research will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson.acknowledge:承认，表彰，颁奖，认可；④The Nobels were,of course,themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money.当然，诺贝尔奖本身就是一个富人处置财产的结果。

⑤Time,rather than intention,has given them legitimacy.时间，而不是初衷成就了诺贝尔奖的地位。

①As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards,two things seem clear.As much as=much asMuch as I hate to go,it's now or never.虽然我很讨厌去，但也就此一回了。

虽然一些科学家对于这些新的奖项有这样那样的抱怨，但是有两个事实是清晰的。

②First,most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one.第一，如果颁奖，大多数获奖者都会接受奖金③Second,it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere.第二，金钱和关注汇聚到科学领域而不是其他领域是件好事。

④It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism-that is the culture of research,after all-but it is the prize-givers’money to do with as they please.批评和质疑奖项机制无可厚非，毕竟这是研究文化的一部分。

但是这些钱是别人颁奖人的钱，别人怎么花都行吧！⑤It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.明智的做法是以感恩的心优雅地接受奖金。

31.The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as［A］a symbol of the entrepreneurs’wealth.［B］a handsome reward for researchers.［C］a possible replacement of the Nobel Prizes.［D］an example of bankers’investments.32.The critics think that the new awards will most benefit［A］the profit-oriented scientists.［B］the achievement-based system.［C］the founders of the new awards［D］peer-review-led research.33.The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case which involves［A］legitimate concerns over the new prizes.［B］controversies over the recipients＇status.［C］the joint effort of modern researchers.［D］the demonstration of research finding.34.According to Paragraph4,which of the following is true of the Nobels?［A］History has never cast doubt on them.［B］Their endurance has done justice to them.［C］They are the most representative honor.［D］Their legitimacy has long been in dispute.35.The author believes that the new awards are［A］unworthy of public attention.［B］subject to undesirable changes.［C］harmful to the culture of research.［D］acceptable despite the criticism.科学研究①In the idealized version of how science is done,facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.在科学研究的理想状态下，关于世界的事实正在等待着那些客观的研究者去观察和收集，研究者们会用科学的方法来开展他们的研究工作。