高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 14

高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 14Passage 1You’ve likely noticed them by now. School buses are back on the street packed with students. Many of those kids step off the buses with a potential health danger over their shoulder — a backpack filled with homework.Backpacks come in all shapes, sizes and colors. It is a fun way for any girl or boy to express their styles. Some are simple, some covered with cartoon characters, many equipped with special compartments for every tool a student needs, like pencils, notebooks and books.Yes, they are practical, but a heavy backpack can injure muscles and joints. Wearing a backpack incorrectly can lead to severe back, neck and shoulder pain, as well as posture problems. When a backpack filled with books is placed on a boy or girl’s shoulders incorrectly, the force of the weight can pull the child backward, so the child may bend their hips forward or arch their back.Pay attention to detail when selecting a backpack; choose one that is equipped with a comfortable back, waist and wide shoulder straps. Narrow straps can dig into a child’s shoulders and affect circulation and nerves. The heavy load danger is not just for kids 12 and under. Middle and high school are at risk, too. They are carrying heavier books home daily.Luckily, back pain created by backpacks is preventable. Parents should talk to their kids about lightening the load. You can even use a bathroomscale. The backpack should not weigh more than 10 percent to 15 percent of your child’s weight. If your child weighs 80 pounds, the pack should not weigh more than 8 to 12 pounds. If your child weighs 140 pounds, the pack should not be heavier than 21 pounds. Most importantly, if your child talks about numbness or weakness in the arms or legs, contact a physician.1. What do students’ backpacks reflect according to paragraph 2?A. Their hobbies.B. Their styles.C. Their characters.D. Their needs.2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Students’ heavy loads.B. Wearing backpacks incorrectly.C. Dangers of heavy backpacks.D. Weight of heavy backpacks.3. Which backpack is more suitable for a child weighing 100 pounds?A. With wide shoulder straps weighing about 10 pounds.B. With narrow shoulder straps weighing 16 pounds.C. With wide shoulder straps weighing 20 pounds.D. With narrow shoulder straps weighing 15 pounds.4. Who are the intended readers of the text?A. Children.B. Doctors.C. Teachers.D. Parents.Passage 2Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (孤独症) is a disability that cancause serious social, communication and behavioral problems. There is often nothing about how people with ASD look that makes them different from other people, but people with ASD may communicate, interact, behave, and learn in ways that are different from most other people. The learning, thinking, and problem-solving abilities of people with ASD can range from pretty good to extremely bad. Some people with ASD need a lot of help in their daily lives; others need less.People with ASD often have problems with social, emotional, and communication skills. They might repeat certain behaviors and might not want change in their daily activities. Many people with ASD may also have difficulties learning, paying attention, or reacting to things. Signs of ASD begin during early childhood and probably last throughout a person’s life.Diagnosing(诊断)ASD can be difficult since there is no medical test, like a blood test, to assess the disorders. Doctors look at the child’s behavior and development to make a judgement.ASD can sometimes be diagnosed at 18 months or younger. By age 2, an experienced doctor can be considered very reliable in diagnosing ASD .However, many children may not see a doctor until much older.There is currently no cure for ASD. However, research shows that early treatment services can improve a child’s development.Early services help children from birth to 3 years old (36 months) learn important skills. Therefore, it is important to talk to your child’s doctor as soon as possibleif you think your child has ASD or other developmental problem.We do not know all of the causes of ASD. However, Most scientists agree that genes are one of the highest risk factors that can make a person more likely to develop ASD.If you think your child might have ASD or you think there could be a problem with the way your child plays, learns, speaks, or acts, contact your child’s doctor, and share your concerns.If you’re not sure who to contact, call the Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center (ECTA) at 919-962-2001. Or visit the ECTA website: https://.1. Which of the following behaviors may Not belongs to the children or adults with ASD ?A. Repeating actions over and over again.B. Having trouble expressing their needs.C. Avoiding eye contact and want to be alone.D. Being happy to make changes.2. What can we infer from the article?A. The earlier an ASD kid is diagnosed,the better it is for his(her)treatment.B. Doctors simply have no way to diagnose an ASD kid at allC. Doctors can diagnose ASD by blood testingD. Doctors can diagnose ASD with the help of machines.3. Who is most likely to be an ASD patient of the following people?A. Someone who prefers to talk a lot in daily life.B. Someone who has got an ASD brother.C. Someone who wants to hug you in public.D. Someone who sings in a strange voice.4. Where is this article possibly from?A. A guidebook for new parents.B. Education section of a newspaper.C. A medical journal.D. A scientific magazine.Passage 3It would be all too easy to say that Facebook's market meltdown is coming to an end. After all, Mark Zuckerberg's social network burned as much as 50 billion of shareholders' wealth in just a couple months. To put that in context, since its debut(初次登台) on NASDAQ in May, Facebook has lost value nearly equal to Yahoo, AOL, Zynga, Yelp, Pandora, OpenTable, Groupon, LinkedIn, and Angie's List combined, plus that of the bulk of the publicly traded newspaper industry:As shocking as this utter failure may be to the nearly 1 billion faithful Facebook users around the world, it's no surprise to anyone who read the initial public offering (IPO) prospectus (首次公开募股说明书). Worse still, all the crises that emerged when the company debuted-overpriced shares, poor corporate governance, huge challenges to the core business,and a damaged brand-remain today. Facebook looks like a prime example of what Wall Street calls a falling knife-that is, one that can cost investors their fingers if they try to catch it.Start with the valuation(估值). To justify a stock price close to the lower end of the projected range in the IPO, say 28 a share, Facebook's future growth would have needed to match that of Google seven years earlier. That would have required increasing revenue(profit) by some 80 percent annually and maintaining high profit margins all the while.That's not happening. In the first half of 2012, Facebook reported revenue of $ 2.24 billion, up38 percent from the same period in 2011. At the same time, the company's costs surged to $ 2.6 billion in the six-month period.This so-so performance reflects the Achilles' heel of Facebook's business model, which the company clearly stated in a list of risk factors associated with its IPO: it hasn't yet figured out how to advertise effectively on mobile devices, The number of Facebook users accessing the site on their phones surged by 67 percent to 543 million in the last quarter, or more than half its customer base.Numbers are only part of the problem. The mounting pile of failure creates a negative feedback loop that threatens Facebook's future in other ways. Indeed, the more Facebook's disappointment in the market is catalogued, the worse Facebook's image becomes. Not only does thatthreaten to rub off on users, it's bad for recruitment(吸收新成员) and retention(保留) of talented hackers, who are the lifeblood of Zuckerberg's creation.Yet the brilliant CEO can ignore the sadness and complaints of his shareholders thanks to the super- voting stock he holds. This arrangement also was fully disclosed at the time of the offering. It's a pity so few investors apparently bothered to do their homework.1. What can be inferred about Facebook from the first paragraph？________A. Its market meltdown has been easily halted.B. It has increased trade with the newspaper industry.C. Its shareholders have invested 50 billion in a social network.D. It has encountered utter failure since its stock debut.2. The crises Facebook is facing________ .A. have been disclosed in the IPO prospectusB. have existed for a long timeC. are the universal risks Wall Street confrontsD. disappoint its faithful users3. To make its stock price reasonable, Facebook has to________ .A. narrow the IPO price rangeB. keep enormously profitableC. cooperate with GoogleD. invest additional4. It can be inferred from the context that the "Achilles' heel"（Line 1, Para. 5）refers to________ .A. potential riskB. problem unsolvedC. indisputable factD. deadly weakness5. What effect will Facebook's failure in the market have？________A. The company's innovation strength will be damaged.B. Talented hackers will take down the website.C. The CEO will hold the super-voting stock.D. Its users' benefits will be threatened.Passage 4So called "sin taxes" on sugary drinks, alcohol and tobacco not only work, but will help rather than improperly punish the poor, according to a major new international analysis.Just a day before the UK brings in a tax on sugary drinks, experts are urging every country in the world to use taxes to keep people from the eating, drinking and smoking habits that will damage their health. The experts analyzed the effects of taxes on sugary drinks, tobacco and alcohol in countries that have introduced them and found that the criticism that they are punishing the poorest in unfounded.Experts did a survey. They looked at 13 countries: Chile, Guatemala, Panama, Nicaragua, Albania, Poland, Turkey, Tajikistan, Tanzania Niger, Nigeria, India and Timor-Leste. They found that wealthier families generally spend more on alcohol, soft drinks and snacks, In India, for instance, wealthier households spent seven times more on alcohol and three times more on soft drinks and snacks compared to poorer households. So those households end up paying a larger proportion of any tax.On the other hand, taxes have a greater impact on the smaller household budgets of poorer families. They respond by buying less, with greater benefits for their health. In the UK, say the authors, the response to the possible introduction of a minimum price for alcohol was estimated to be 7.6 times larger in the poorest households, compared with the wealthiest.In Mexico, the introduction of a sugary drinks tax resulted in an average of 4.2 litres less of soft drinks purchased per person, with a 17% decrease in purchases among lower income groups and almost no change in higher income groups. In Lebanon, they say, a 50%increase in the price of cigarettes would lead to twice as many people quitting smoking in poorer households as wealthy families."The evidence suggests that concerns about higher taxes on tobacco, alcohol, and soft drinks harming the poor are overstated," said Dr. Rachel Nugent from RTI International in Seattle, USA, and chair of the Lancet Taskforce on NCDS and economics."Some degree of taxation on tobacco is common in many countries, and while we are starting."1. What do we know about the "sin taxes"?________A. They receive warm welcome in developing countries.B. They help people get rid of unhealthy lifestyles.C. They have the same effects on the poor and rich.D. They have a deeper influence on groups with high income.2. Which of the following is TRUE about the responses to "sin taxes"?________A. The public have turned a deaf ear to it.B. The government has introduced taxes on snacks.C. Many companies have raised the price of their products.D. Coca-Cola will use smaller packages to counter the impacts.3. The author support his ideas in the passage by________ .A. giving examplesB. telling storiesC. analyzing causes and effectsD. reasoning and concludingPassage 5On a cloudless summer day, 13-year-old Charlie Finlayson was ready for a long hike with his father, David.Around noon, David was inching his way across a cliff 800 feet above the valley, searching for a line of cracks that would lead them to the top. Charlie stood on a rock a dozen yards to the right as he fed rope to his dad. Reaching up, David missed his step. In the next moment, he heard a sharp crack from above as something larger broke loose.When Charlie saw his father sailing through the air alongside the huge rocks that had struck him, he pulled the rope fiercely."Tell me it's OK," Charlie begged, struggling to control his fear."I think I broke my leg," David told him."And we must get off this mountain." He proposed a plan: Charlie would lower David half a rope length at a time, then lower himself to the same level, and at a new place, begin again.As hours passed, they came to the base of the cliff, and David was shaking with cold and exhaustion.Worried that David would die if he fell asleep, Charlie kept the conversation going; they talked about past travels. Eventually Charlie allowed himself to catnap, checking on his father each time he awoke. When the sun rose on their camp, Charlie was relieved to see that his father was awake.Just after dawn, Charlie headed off on the trail toward the volunteers' cabin 12 miles away, bringing back a helicopter that would carry his father to safety."Charlie's as strong as anyone I know," says his father, "I'm so proud of him."1. What happened to David when he climbed up? ________A. He missed his step and broke his leg.B. He lost his way across the cliff.C. He caught sight of a sharp crack from above.D. He stood on a rock a dozen yards from the cliff.2. How did Charlie feel at his father's sailing through the air? ________A. Puzzled.B. Fearful.C. Relieved.D. Proud.3. What does the underlined word "catnap" in Paragraph 7 mean? ________A. become less calmB. continue talkingC. comfort himselfD. take a short sleep4. What might be the best title for the passage? ________A. A Father and His Brave SonB. An Accident Happened in a ValleyC. A Story on a Cloudless Summer DayD. A Boy Saved His Father's Life from Cliff参考答案Passage 11. 细节理解题。