过去完成时-试题君之每日一题君2018年高考英语二轮复习
(英语)高三英语过去完成时常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
（英语）高三英语过去完成时常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．—Lily went to see the movie alone.—If she _____ me about it, I would have gone with her.A．should tell B．tells C．told D．had told【答案】D【解析】考查时态。
句意：丽丽一个人去看电影了。
——如果她告诉过我这件事，我会和她一起去的。
结合语境可知从句中说的是在过去已完成动作，故用过去完成时态。
2．We to finish the work before dark, but the heavy rain held us up.A．meant B．was meaningC．had meant D．would mean【答案】C【解析】试题分析: 句意：我们本打算在天黑前完成这项工作，但是大雨耽误了我们。
Mean to have done 和 had meant to do 表示“本打算做但是没做成”，类似用法的词还有plan，intend等，选C考点：考查动词时态3．The young man insisted he ____nothing wrong and that the police___him．A．did: released B．had done; releaseC．had done; must release D．should do; should release【答案】B【解析】考查insist的用法。
翻译成“坚持说”不用虚拟，翻译成“坚持认为”用虚拟（should+动词原形并且should可省。
）“这个年轻人坚持说他没做错什么，坚持认为警察应该放了他。
”4．As soon as I got to the airport, I realized I ________ my ID card at home.A．had left B．has leftC．would leave D．will leave【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态。
compare和range-学易试题君之每日一题君2018学年下学期高二英语人教版(课堂同步系列二)
C. compare toD .be compared with
【参考答案】A
【知识讲解】
compare (v．)
(1)～A and B|～A with/to B比较；对比
☞It is interesting to compare their situation and/with ours．
把他们的状况与我们的相比很有意思。
She is lovely beyond compare．
她真是可爱得无与伦比。
(3)compared to/with与……相比(在句中担任状语)
Compared with/to our parents，we are indeed very fortunate．
与我们的父辈相比ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ我们确实很幸运。
2.(2016·江苏)—Can you tell us yourfor happiness and a long life?
peteC.fightD.deal
4. In China, New Year's Day isn't a big moment______ with the Spring Festival.
pared
C.to compareD.being compared
(2)～with/to sb/sth与……类似(或相似)
☞This school compares with the best in the country．
这所学校可与全国最好的学校媲美。
(3)～A to B表明……与……相似；将……比作……
☞A teacher’s work is often compared to a candle．
(英语)高考英语试卷分类汇编英语过去完成时(及答案)及解析
（英语）高考英语试卷分类汇编英语过去完成时(及答案)及解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．I suddenly realized that I was kept so busy that I ______ little time with my family before. A．have spent B．had spentC．would spend D．was spending【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态。
句意：我突然意识到我是如此的忙，结果我花费了很少的时间和家人在一起。
意识到以前已经发生的事情，此处指过去的过去，故选B。
考点：考查动词时态。
2．The girl, when _____ why she _____ in the exam, just lowered her head and kept silent. A．questioned; was cheatedB．being questioned; was cheatingC．questioned; had cheatedD．being questioned; has cheated【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：当被问到为什么在考试中作弊中，小女孩子低头不语。
When引导的是是时间状语从句，与girl 之间是被动关系，所以用done形式，作弊没有被动语态，故选C项。
3．When we _______the railway station, the train _______for 5 minutes．A．got to, had been away B．reached, had leftC．arrived, has been away D．arrived at, has left【答案】A【解析】这题考查时态，当我们到了火车站时，火车已经离开了5分钟了。
因为火车离开是发生在我们到火车站之前，所以用过去完成时。
4．It was not until 3 days later that the boy came back to life and explained to the policewhat_______ to him.A．was happening B．was to happen C．had happened D．has happened【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
(英语)高考英语过去完成时的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)
（英语）高考英语过去完成时的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择过去完成时1．---I will never forget when we met the famous writer---Neither will I. He______ some goods and was at the checkout of a supermarket.A．had selected B．has selectedC．was selecting D．selected【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态。
本题描述的是过去发生的事情，另挑选好物品是发生在在收银台等待这个行为之前，应用过去完成时表示过去的过去，句意：我永远忘不了我们遇见那位著名的作家。
我也是。
他那时是挑好物品之后在超市的收银台。
故选A考点：考查时态2．The girl, when _____ why she _____ in the exam, just lowered her head and kept silent. A．questioned; was cheatedB．being questioned; was cheatingC．questioned; had cheatedD．being questioned; has cheated【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：当被问到为什么在考试中作弊中，小女孩子低头不语。
When引导的是是时间状语从句，与girl 之间是被动关系，所以用done形式，作弊没有被动语态，故选C项。
3．Sally was excited to meet Susan at the party last night．They _____ each other since they graduated from Oxford University in 2010．A．haven’t seen B．hadn’t seenC．didn’t see D．don’t see【答案】B【解析】since,自从。
(英语)高考英语高中英语过去完成时常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
（英语）高考英语高中英语过去完成时常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择过去完成时1．------You went to the“Bird’s Nest”last month, didn’t you？------Yes. That was the second time I ________ to Beijing National Stadium.A．have been B．wereC．had been D．would be【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。
表示“是某人第几次做某事”：That/This/It is＋the first/second…last time＋that clause（从句的谓语用现在完成时）；That/This/It was＋the first/second…last time＋that clause（从句的谓语用过去完成时）。
考点：固定句式中的虚拟语气2．Mandy _________ adoption since her son’s death, but her husband didn’t agree with her. A．has considered B．has been consideringC．is going to consider D．had considered【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：她儿子死后，Mandy考虑过收养，但是她的丈夫不同意。
根据后面的动词形式和句意可知，前面的句子应该是过去完成时，A. has considered现在完成时；B. has been considering现在完成进行时；C. is going to consider一般将来时；D. had considered过去完成时。
didn’t agree说明动作发生在过去，所以在过去之前发生的事用过去完成时，故选D。
考点：考查动词时态。
3．(湖南十二校联考)I got an e-mail from my old friend last Sunday.Until then，we________in touch for nearly 3 years.A．didn’t get B．haven’t gotC．hadn’t got D．don’t get【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
2018年高考英语真题与模拟类编：专题02-动词的时态和语态及情态动词
2018年高考及最新模拟分类汇编之动词的时态和语态及情态动词2018年高考动词的时态和语态及情态动词1. 【2018 北京】1. —Hi, I ' m Peter. Are you new here? I haven ' t seen you around?—Hello, Peter. I ' m Bob. I just on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
句意：一一嗨，我是彼得。
你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。
一一你好，彼得。
我是鲍勃。
我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。
根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C选项正确。
点睛：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，女口：yesterday, last week, in the past,in 2017 , once, a few days ago 等。
2. 【2018 北京】4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ a s a volunteer in then eighborhood whe n I visited her last year.D. had workedA. is work ingB. was work ingC. has worked【答案】B点睛：过去进行时表示在过去某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。
3. 【2018 北京】7. China ' s-hpeed railways __________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in thepast few years.A. are grow ingB. have grow nC. will growD. had grow n【答案】B【解析】考查时态。
高三必备英语过去完成时技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析
高三必备英语过去完成时技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．He said l5 people_______，two of them_____to hospital．A．have injured；admitting B．have been injured；being admitted C．had injured；to admit D．had been injured；admitted【答案】D【解析】第一空考查过去完成时，因为主句是he said，从句动作发生在主句之前，而且是被动式，第二空是独立主格结构，two of them是逻辑主语，和admit是被动关系，用过去分词，句意：他说15人受伤，其中两人住院。
选D。
2． Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they ______ the experience of meeting.A．haven’t B．hadn’tC．hadn’t had D．haven’t had【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。
动词wish引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用had + v-ed。
句意：虽然大多数被收养的人有权知道他们的亲身父母是谁，一些已经找到他们的希望他们没有遇到的经历。
故C正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气3．She _________the sign language before she served as a volunteer to help the deaf. A．learns B．has learnedC．was learning D．had learned【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：她作为一名志愿者来帮助聋人之前已经学习了手语。
过去完成进行时-试题君之每日一题君2018年高考英语二轮复习
2018年1月17日高考频度：★★★★☆难易程度：★★★☆☆1. He ____________ research in the US for many years, but when he came back, he became a businessman.A.had been doingB.has been doingC.didD.has done【参考答案】A【答案解析】考查过去完成进行时。
句意：他在美国作了许多年的研究，但是回来之后，他却成了一位商人。
根据时间状语从句＂when he came back＂可知，＂作研究＂是过去的过去一直在进行的动作，要用过去完成进行时。
故选A。
2. The crazy fans ____________ patiently in the rain for almost three hours, and they would wait until the famous star arrived.A. were waitingB. have waitedC. had been waitingD. would wait【参考答案】C感冒。
Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧？2. 用法：（1）表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。
过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。
和过去完成时一样，过去完成进行时也必须以一过去时间为前提。
过去完成进行时也是一个相对的时态, 上下文中须有明示或暗示的作为参照的过去的时间。
I had been looking for it for days before I found it. 这东西我找了好多天才找着。
They had only been waiting for the bus a few minutes when it came. 他们只等了几分钟车就来了。
(英语)高考英语高中英语过去完成时技巧小结及练习题
（英语）高考英语高中英语过去完成时技巧小结及练习题一、单项选择过去完成时1．By the time my mother came back from work, my sister and I ________ supper and were waiting for her at the table.A．have cooked B．were cooking C．had cooked D．would cook【答案】C【解析】在英文中用by the time构成的从句修饰主句，主句通常用过去完成时，结构为had+过去分词，故本题选C。
2．He said that his car________stolen and he________have to telephone the police. A．was; would B．has been; willC．had been; would D．had been; will【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
宾语从句的主句谓语动词是过去式，从句应用过去的某种时态，故B、D排除；又因为汽车被偷，应发生在said之前，故应用过去完成时。
3．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology.A．has discovered B．has been discoveredC．had discovered D．had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。
科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。
4．A full preparation before Beijing finally won the bid for hosting the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.A．has been made B．had been madeC．would be made D．is made【答案】B【解析】句意为：北京在最终赢得2022年冬奥会主办权之前已经做了充分的准备。
高考英语高中英语过去完成时的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)
高考英语高中英语过去完成时的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择过去完成时1．------You went to the“Bird’s Nest”last month, didn’t you？------Yes. That was the second time I ________ to Beijing National Stadium.A．have been B．wereC．had been D．would be【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。
表示“是某人第几次做某事”：That/This/It is＋the first/second…last time＋that clause（从句的谓语用现在完成时）；That/This/It was＋the first/second…last time＋that clause（从句的谓语用过去完成时）。
考点：固定句式中的虚拟语气2．Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets ________ out.A．would sell B．had sold C．have sold D．was selling【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：玛丽在午饭时候去售票处了，但是所有的票都卖光了。
根据前句可知，玛丽去买票是过去发生的事情，所以票卖完应该是过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选B。
3．Sally was excited to meet Susan at the party last night．They _____ each other since they graduated from Oxford University in 2010．A．haven’t seen B．hadn’t seenC．didn’t see D．don’t see【答案】B【解析】since,自从。
(英语)高三英语过去完成时试题类型及其解题技巧
（英语）高三英语过去完成时试题类型及其解题技巧一、单项选择过去完成时1．As long as my drive tester instructed me to pull into the parking lot, I was sure I ______. A．passed B．have passedC．was passed D．had passed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查时态。
选项A为一般过去式；选项B为现在完成时；选项C为一般过去式被动语态；选项D为过去完成时。
句意：只要驾考教练让我把车停到停车场，我就确定我已经通过了考试。
当“我”把车停到停车场时，我确定自己考试通过，此时考试结束和考试通过是同时发生的动作，所以通过考试应在I was sure之前，故应用过去完成时。
故选D.考点：考查时态。
2． Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they ______ the experience of meeting.A．haven’t B．hadn’tC．hadn’t had D．haven’t had【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。
动词wish引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用had + v-ed。
句意：虽然大多数被收养的人有权知道他们的亲身父母是谁，一些已经找到他们的希望他们没有遇到的经历。
故C正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气3．After Jack ________ some e-mails, he started working on his report.A．sends B．has sent C．had sent D．would sent【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查动词的时态。
句意：杰克发了几份电子邮件后，开始做他的课题。
高三英语过去完成时解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析
高三英语过去完成时解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．---I will never forget when we met the famous writer---Neither will I. He______ some goods and was at the checkout of a supermarket.A．had selected B．has selectedC．was selecting D．selected【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态。
本题描述的是过去发生的事情，另挑选好物品是发生在在收银台等待这个行为之前，应用过去完成时表示过去的过去，句意：我永远忘不了我们遇见那位著名的作家。
我也是。
他那时是挑好物品之后在超市的收银台。
故选A考点：考查时态2．We to finish the work before dark, but the heavy rain held us up.A．meant B．was meaningC．had meant D．would mean【答案】C【解析】试题分析: 句意：我们本打算在天黑前完成这项工作，但是大雨耽误了我们。
Mean to have done 和 had meant to do 表示“本打算做但是没做成”，类似用法的词还有plan，intend等，选C考点：考查动词时态3．The young man insisted he ____nothing wrong and that the police___him．A．did: released B．had done; releaseC．had done; must release D．should do; should release【答案】B【解析】考查insist的用法。
翻译成“坚持说”不用虚拟，翻译成“坚持认为”用虚拟（should+动词原形并且should可省。
(英语)高三英语过去完成时解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
（英语）高三英语过去完成时解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．As long as my drive tester instructed me to pull into the parking lot, I was sure I ______. A．passed B．have passedC．was passed D．had passed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查时态。
选项A为一般过去式；选项B为现在完成时；选项C为一般过去式被动语态；选项D为过去完成时。
句意：只要驾考教练让我把车停到停车场，我就确定我已经通过了考试。
当“我”把车停到停车场时，我确定自己考试通过，此时考试结束和考试通过是同时发生的动作，所以通过考试应在I was sure之前，故应用过去完成时。
故选D.考点：考查时态。
2． Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they ______ the experience of meeting.A．haven’t B．hadn’tC．hadn’t had D．haven’t had【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。
动词wish引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用had + v-ed。
句意：虽然大多数被收养的人有权知道他们的亲身父母是谁，一些已经找到他们的希望他们没有遇到的经历。
故C正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气3．Hardly ________ when she ________ someone knocking at the door.A．did she sit, heard B．did she sit, had heardC．had she sat, had heard D．had she sat, heard【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查倒装句和时态。
(英语)高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 过去完成时及解析
（英语）高考英语二轮复习专项训练过去完成时及解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．I was surprised to find the snack shops around the school empty; the students everything! A．had been buying B．had boughtC．have bought D．have been buying【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查时态辨析。
根据句意是过去某一时间之前已经完成的事情，故采用过去完成时。
句意：我惊讶地发现学校周围的零食店都已经空了；学生们买完了所有的东西。
根据句意可以判断，故选B。
考点：考查时态辨析2． Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they ______ the experience of meeting.A．haven’t B．hadn’tC．hadn’t had D．hav en’t had【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。
动词wish引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用had + v-ed。
句意：虽然大多数被收养的人有权知道他们的亲身父母是谁，一些已经找到他们的希望他们没有遇到的经历。
故C正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气3．Wedidn’tget a hotel room because we ______ in advance.A．hadn’t booked B．haven’t bookedC．weren’t booking D．wouldn’t book【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态。
句意：因为我们没有提前预定，我们没有拿到宾馆房间。
原句中没有拿到房间使用了一般过去时“didn't get ....”，而预定宾馆是在之前就已经发生的事情，要使用过去完成时，表示在过去的过去就发生的事情。
高考英语过去完成时解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)
高考英语过去完成时解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择过去完成时1．Not until ________a third time ________that he had given birth to the reading system for the blind called Braille.A．Louis Braille tried；he announcedB．did Louis Braille try；he announcedC．Louis Braille had tried；did he announceD．had Louis Braille tried；had he announced【答案】C【解析】倒装句。
句意：直到L布拉耶又尝试了一次，他才宣布成功发明了专为盲人阅读用的文字--Braille。
Not until位于句首时，后面的从句不倒装，主句使用部分倒装，即把be/do/will/have/can等提到主语之前，A、B两项的第二空未倒装，排除A、B；D项第一空不需要用倒装，排除D，故选C。
2．We to finish the work before dark, but the heavy rain held us up.A．meant B．was meaningC．had meant D．would mean【答案】C【解析】试题分析: 句意：我们本打算在天黑前完成这项工作，但是大雨耽误了我们。
Mean to have done 和 had meant to do 表示“本打算做但是没做成”，类似用法的词还有plan，intend等，选C考点：考查动词时态3．I arrived late and missed the flight. I ____ the traffic to be so heavy.A．hadn’t expected B．haven’t expectedC．wouldn’t expect D．was expected【答案】A【解析】考查时态。
(英语)高三英语过去完成时技巧(很有用)及练习题及解析
（英语）高三英语过去完成时技巧(很有用)及练习题及解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．—Lily went to see the movie alone.—If she _____ me about it, I would have gone with her.A．should tell B．tells C．told D．had told【答案】D【解析】考查时态。
句意：丽丽一个人去看电影了。
——如果她告诉过我这件事，我会和她一起去的。
结合语境可知从句中说的是在过去已完成动作，故用过去完成时态。
2．He said that his car________stolen and he________have to telephone the police. A．was; would B．has been; willC．had been; would D．had been; will【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
宾语从句的主句谓语动词是过去式，从句应用过去的某种时态，故B、D排除；又因为汽车被偷，应发生在said之前，故应用过去完成时。
3．The twins, who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. A．will finish B．finishC．have finished D．had finished【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：已经完成作业的双胞胎被允许到操场上打羽毛球。
他们“被允许”用的是一般过去式，而完成作业是在被允许打羽毛球之前，属于过去的过去的动作，用过去完成时，所以选D。
【知识拓展】考点：考查时态过去完成时：即过去的过去所发生的事情！其构成是主语+had +过去分词。
过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
表示过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作，常与由when，before等连词引导的时间状语从句连用。
【英语】高三英语过去完成时解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)及解析
【英语】高三英语过去完成时解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)及解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．—Didn’t you talk any with Rice?—No, the plane __________ off when I rushed to the airport to see her off．A．was taking B．had takenC．took D．has taken【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查过去完成时。
句意：你和Rice说什么了吗？没有，我去机场送她的时候飞机已经起飞了。
由题意可知是过去进行的动作，并且在过去完成没有继续进行下去，所以是过去完成时，所以选B。
考点：考查过去完成时2．He said that his car________stolen and he________have to telephone the police. A．was; would B．has been; willC．had been; would D．had been; will【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
宾语从句的主句谓语动词是过去式，从句应用过去的某种时态，故B、D排除；又因为汽车被偷，应发生在said之前，故应用过去完成时。
3．(绵阳二诊)—I happened to meet Lily yesterday.—Lucky dog！You ________each other for two years.A．haven’t seen B．hadn’t seenC．didn’t see D．don’t see【答案】B【解析】考查动词的时态。
句意为：——昨天我碰巧遇到莉莉了。
——真幸运！你们已经两年没有见面了。
根据句意可知，两年没有见面是在昨天碰巧见面之前，表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。
答案：B4．Wedidn’tget a hotel room because we ______ in advance.A．hadn’t booked B．haven’t bookedC．weren’t booking D．wouldn’t book【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态。
【英语】高考英语总复习--过去完成时含解析
【英语】高考英语总复习--过去完成时含解析一、单项选择过去完成时1．When Mary arrived she found all her children ______ for nearly two hours.A．have gone to sleep B．fell asleepC．was falling asleep D．had been asleep【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查时态的辨析。
这里选用过去完成时，表示事件发生在过去的过去，由found，我们可以发现是过去时态，但是孩子睡着这件事发生在她发现之前，故为过去的过去，句意为：当Mary到达时，她发先孩子们已经睡了将近两个小时。
故选D。
考点：考查时态的辨析。
2．We to finish the work before dark, but the heavy rain held us up.A．meant B．was meaningC．had meant D．would mean【答案】C【解析】试题分析: 句意：我们本打算在天黑前完成这项工作，但是大雨耽误了我们。
Mean to have done 和 had meant to do 表示“本打算做但是没做成”，类似用法的词还有plan，intend等，选C考点：考查动词时态3．Catherine came home happily, which suggested that she the final exam.A．had passed B．pass C．would pass D．should pass【答案】A【解析】这题考查时态的用法：suggest做“暗示”讲，所以不用虚拟语气，因为通过考试是在回来前发生，所以用过去完成时。
句意是：凯萨琳高兴地回来，说明她通过了考试。
选A。
4．Mr. Chapman retired at 70 after he nearly 40 years with the Gas Company．A．had spent B．has spent C．spends D．would spend【答案】A【解析】本题考查时态。
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2018年1月12日
高考频度：★★★★★难易程度：★★★☆☆
1.（2017·北京卷·单项填空）In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet.
A. haven’t invented
B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented
D. hadn’t been invented
【参考答案】D
2.(2016·浙江卷·单项填空)Silk __________ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
A. had become
B. was becoming
C. has become
D.is becoming
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】句意：到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。
时间状语是by+过去时间，谓语用过去完成时。
故选A。
【应试必备】
过去完成时的语法判定
（1）由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
①by + 过去的时间点
I had finished reading the novel by nine o’clock last night.
②by the end of + 过去的时间点
We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
③before + 过去的时间点
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
（2）由＂过去的过去＂来判定
过去完成时表示＂过去的过去＂，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。
这种用法常出现在：
①宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。
如told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said that she had seen the film before.
②状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意：before，after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。
After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
③表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示＂
原本……，未能……＂。
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.
（3）根据上、下文来判定
I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing.
1. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’ house?
—Not really. She________ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily?
A. was to give
B. had given
C. was giving
D. would give
2. Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I ________ my bank in the cafe.
A. have left
B. had left
C. would leave
D. was leaving
3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _____ for years.
A. didn’t see
B. haven’t seen
C. hadn’t seen
D. wouldn’t see
进步，在于总结。
我在这，总结在哪儿？
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