The Mill on the Floss
英国文学论文提纲
班级: 2005级8班；姓名:杜江娟；学号: 200505140803One’s Sacrifice in His or Her Society--After reading The Mill on the FlossOutlineThesis statement: This paper is based on George Eliot’the Mill on the Floss. In the novel there are conflicts among individuals as well as individual and society. Then this paper reveals one’s sacrifice in face of conflicts and the relation between one’s own will and the outside’s bondage upon him or her. At last the conclusion that only mutual understanding and cooperation can solve the problems is drew.I. Introduction.II. The influence of society upon individuals and their responses to the outsideA.Man’s and woman’s different responsibilities in 19th century illustrated withmembers in Maggie’s large familyB.The influence of one’s social background on his or her growth1.Maggie’s sacrifice as a woman during her growth in 19th century2.Tom’s loss at different time of his growth3.Philip’s deficiency and his family background4.Lucy’s merits in Victorian EnglandC.Different characters’ response in the face of various situations1.Maggie’s fight against discrimination2.Tom’s reactions to responsibility given by family3.Philip’s compromise as a gentleman4.Lucy’s standard behavior as a ladyIII. Analysis of the conflicts showed by main characterA. The conflicts displayed by Maggie1. The conflict in Maggie’s inner world2. The conflict between Maggie and the outside worldB.The cause of the conflicts1.The traditional attitude towards relationship between people2.The lack of mutual understanding among peopleC.The solution to conflicts over the social relationⅣ. ConclusionReferencesBodenheimer, Rosemarie. The Real Life of Mary Ann Evans. Cornell: Cornell University Press,1994.2Carrol，David. George Eliot: The Critical Heritage. London: Routledge，1995.3 Henry, Nancy. George Eliot and the British Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.4Hogan, Anne. Women of Faith in Victorian Culture: Reassessing the Angel in the House. London: Macmillan Press .1998.5George Eliot, the Mill on the Floss, Apr, 1996高晓声：《郑州工业大学学报（社会科学版）》期刊ISSN : 1009-1270(2001)02-0040-03《郑州工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2001年第19卷第02期唐荷：《女性主义文学理论》，扬智文化事业股份有限公司2003年版。
The Mill on the Floss书评
The main relationship in the novel.
His sworn enemy（死对头） Mr. Wakem.And Philp is the son of Wakem. Sister Mrs. Moss （Gritty） and niece Lizzy.
Mr. Tulliver father
Seen from Mr. Tulliver:
◆First , he is a man of narrow-minded .He can never forget the hatred（仇恨）， even when he was going to die ,he passed the debt and revenge to His own son. Though his sworn enemy Mr. Wakem never came positively（正 面地）,but can you say he is a bad man ,or just as Mr. Tulliversaid, a rascal? ◆Then ,we can find the religious shadow from him. Do you still remember Relery?He is a businessman and a land-valuer. He believes in him very much! ◆He is a typical British who is very competitive, jealous and wants to own a property of himself.
★Though, he used to be naughty. But after his father’s bankruptcy, he became responsible and tried his best To overcome the difficulty. And he had the harvest. ★Towards his sister Maggie, he bore the duty which Belonged to his father. When he found Maggie stayed With Philp, he was so angry and restored to fierce. It Was he who separated them. In some degree, he just Liked his father, and a little male chauvinsim.
the Mill on the Floss
Gender Discrimination and Maggie Tulliver’ PersonalTragedy in The Mill on the FlossAbstract:In George Eliot‟s The Mill on the Floss, gender discrimination plays an important role in Maggie Tulliver‟s personal tragedy. As Maggie‟s tragic fate develops largely out of the deep-seated local prejudice on gender, this essay accordingly focuses on how gender discrimination in Maggie‟s social environment leads to her personal unhappiness.Key words:Gender discrimination Maggie Tulliver TragedyIntroductionGeorge Eliot‟s The Mill on the Floss, Maggie Tulliver‟s individual conflict with social environment is a root cause to the long pain and suffering in her life. The social values of St. Oggs, primarily the local attitudes towards gender, contribute enormously to Maggie‟s private tragedy. As Maggie‟s tragic fate develops largely out of the deep-seated local prejudice on gender, this essay accordingly focuses on how gender discrimination in Maggie‟s social environment leads to her personal unhappiness.1. Description of St. OggSt. Oggs is a place where the image for good women has already been established as pretty, obedient, affectionate, even unintelligent, and where the only happy women are those willing to fit in with such image. Being what St. Oggs expects them to be is an essential guarantee for the survival of women in a society so rigid and ruthless. Except for Maggie, all women in St. Oggs are subjects to this overwhelming, irresistible and individuality -universalizing social force. Lucy, for example, is voluntary to be a witless …little darling” who is “exactly the sort of woman” men in St. Oggs long prefer and appreciate. With the awareness of men‟s finding charm in her silliness, she is still reasonably satisfied to sacrifice her individuality for the acceptance by people her “little girlish heart” holds important. Similar to Lucy, Mrs. Tulliver‟s view on woman‟s natural role and social duty is also in perfect accordance with St. Oggs‟s convention. In a word, women like Lucyand Mrs. Tulliver accept their place prescribed by men, and are thus have almost no conflict with their society. The prize they receive is a perfect harmony with their environment and a consequential peaceful and satisfactory life; the price they pay is the replacement of their unique individuality by a collective character so highly universalized and so stiflingly lifeless.2. Maggie’s living life2.1 Maggie’s happinessMaggie is nonetheless different from these happy women in St. Oggs in that she is indulged in the course of being a real human in the full sense of the word. She is unique as a woman in specific and a human being in general. Maggie‟s resistance to St. Oggs‟inhuman fetter on her individuality and uniqueness inevitably leads to her tragedy in life.2.2 Maggie’s Psychology changesBy nature, Maggie not only lacks the quality of an ideal female, but also the willingness to be one. Such open defiance towards the traditional idea on gender is shown even at a young age. As a little girl, in a place where the correct image for little girls is blonde, doll-like and docile, she is a “mistake of nature” with her straight black hair, uncontrolled nature and impulsive manner. The denial of her appearance and behavior constantly upsets young Maggie, but she shows almost no tendency to transform into an ideal girl. She would rather cut her hair short than make it curly and smooth, and she would rather escape to another world, the gypsies‟ kingdom which she believes will accept and appreciate her unique individuality, than beg for acceptance in the world of St. Oggs. When Maggie has grown up, her reluctance to be an ideal woman is even openly demonstrated. Apparently, housework does not hold an appeal to her as to her mother, and being a docile creature is far too difficult for her than for her cousin Lucy.Besides her bearing no resemblance to an ideal feminine image, Maggie has a feature that makes her almost man-like. She is clever. This unwomanly cleverness places her in an even unfavorable position. According to Tom, a clever Maggie is “a nasty conceited thing”who “everybody ll hate”Mr. Stelling, highly educated as he is, concludes her “superficial cleverness”cannot help her “go far in Anything” Maggie also longs for things that are only men‟s privileges. She has a natural thirst for knowledge. “Seeing and knowing Things”makes he “in love with this world”From books, music and intelligent conversation she derives greatsatisfaction.2.3 Maggie’s EndingTherefore, it is more than clear that Maggie‟s chance of survival is slim. In St. Oggs, gender prejudice decides there are only two kinds of people, proper men and proper women. However, Maggie belongs to neither kind, as being men contradicts her gender and being women contradicts her nature. Thus, while the happy women in St. Oggs willingly play their social roles as inferior creature adjacent to men, there is no social role for Maggie to play. Farther more, other people, with the pride that they are “proper”men and women, despise her unfeminine trait just as despising a deformity like Philip Wakem‟s hunchback, and judge her “unwomanly boldness and unbridled passion” as “always questionable” and “detestable” Even from the ones she cares and loves most she can receive neither understanding nor sympathy. Since she highly values love, the scorn from her beloved ones, particularly Tom, makes her heart bleed like never before. ConclusionIt is true that Maggie is a mistake, not a mistake of nature, but a mistake of time. At a time when women gain acceptance from society at a price of their individuality, Maggie cannot be happy. Refusing to submit to the idea of female inferior and male supremacy, Maggie becomes a victim of gender discrimination in her environment. Her tragedy is a tragedy of society. Bibliography1. Eliot, George. The Mill on the Floss[M]. London: Penguin Books, 2003.2. Ermarth, Elizabeth.Maggie Tulliver's Long Suicide[J]. Studies in English Literature, 2004年第二期.。
华中师大《英美文学史》练习题库及答案
华中师范大学网络教育学院《英美文学史》练习题库及答案1. Write the names of the authors of the following literary works.1)Pamela2)Joseph Andrews3)The School for Scandal4)Dictionary5)Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard6)Songs of Innocence7) A Red, Red Rose8)Lyrical Ballads9)Kubla Khan10)Poems11)Ivanhoe12)Vanity Fair13)Jane Eyre14)Wuthering Heights15)Middlemarch16)Treasure Island17)Salome18)The Forsyte Saga19)The Return of the Native20)Mrs. Warren’s Profession21)Sailing to Byzantium22)The Rainbow23)To the Lighthouse24)Dombey and Son25)Queen Mab: A philosophical Poem26)The Jew of Malta27)Gulliver’s Travels28)Sense and Sensibility29)Jonathan Wild30)T ess of D’Urbervilles31)King Lear32)Don Juan33)The Rime of the Ancient Mariner34)The Shepherd’s Calendar35)The Rape of the Lock36)The Rivals37)The Mill on the Floss38)A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man39)An Essay of Dramatic Poesy40)A Sentimental Journey41)Ode to the West Wind42) The Declaration of Independence43) The Pathfinder44) The Legend of Sleepy Hollow45) Nature46) Walden47) Young Goodman Brown48) Moby Dick49) The Black Cat50) Song of Myself51) Captain, My Captain52) Because I could stop for Death53) The Road Not Taken54) The Fall of the House of Usher55) Uncle Tom’s Cabin56) The Rise of Silas Lapham57) The Portrait of a Lady58) The Adventures of Tom Sawyer59) The Cop and the Anthem60) The Sea Wolf61) The Red Badge of Courage62) The Pit63) Sister Carrie64) In a Station of the Metro65) The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Let ter66) Anecdote of the Jar67) Chicago68) The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock69) The Grapes of Wrath70) The Great Gatsby71) The Sound and the Fury72) The Old Man and the Sea73) The Hairy Ape74) Death of a Salesman75) A Rose for Emily76) The Hollow Men77) The Song of Hiawatha78) Of Mice and Men79) The Gilded Age80) U.S.A2. Choose the right answer.1. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance?A. Rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.B. Attempt to remove the old feudalist ideas in Medieval Europe.C. Exaltation of man’s pursuit of happiness in his life, and tolerance of man’s foibles.D. Praise of man’s efforts in soul delivery and personal salvation.2. It is ___ alone who, for the first time in English literature presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Edmund SpenserB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. William ShakespeareD. John Donne3.The following belong to the characteristics of ’metaphysical poetry’ represented by ’John Donne’ except___.A. ConceitsB. Actual imagery and simple dictionC. Argumentative formD. Elegant style4. Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from____.A. Greek MythologyB. Roman legendC. The Old TestamentD. The New Testament5. _____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage, for it has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” t hriller and a ‘philosophical exploration’ of life and death.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. HamletC. King LearD.The Winter’s Tale6. It was ___and ___ the two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.A. Anglos/ SaxonsB. Normans/ Anglo-SaxonsC. Romans/ NormansD. Greeks/ Romans7. Marlow’s greatest achievement is that he perfected the ’blank verse’, and he is regarded as ’the pioneer of English drama’, which of the following is not written by him?A. TamburlaineB. The Jew of MaltaC. The Passionate to His LoveD. The Sun Rising8. ____Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, which has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.A. John Milton’sB. Francis Bacon’sC. Montaigne’sD. Thomas Gray’s9. _____Was known as “the poets’ poet”.A. William ShakespeareB. Edmund SpenserC. John DonneD. John Milton10. Alexander Pope worked painstakingly on his poems and finally brought to its last perfection ______Dryden had successfully used in his plays.A. the heroic coupletB. the free verseC. the blank verseD. the Spenserian stanza11. ____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language.A. Genesis AB. The Holy WarC. The Pilgrims progressD. Exodus12.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Samuel Johnson’s language style?A. His sentences are long and well structured.B. His sentences are interwoven with parallel words.C. He tends to use informal and colloquial words.D. His sentences are complicated, but his thoughts are clearly expressed.13. ____has been regarded by some as "Father of the English novel" for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.A. John BunyanB. Henry FieldingC. Daniel DefoeD. Jonathan Swift14. ____was the only important dramatist of the 18th century, in his plays, morality is the constant theme.A. Alexander PopeB. Richard Brinsley SheridanC. Samuel JohnsonD. George Bernard Shaw15. The two major novelists of the English Romantic Period are _____and Walter Scott.A. Washington IrvingB. Jane AustenC. Herman MelvilleD. Charles Dickens16. _____defines the poet as "man speaking to men," and poetry as "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings, which originates in emotion recollected in tranquility."A. William BlakeB. William WordsworthC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. John Keats17. For the Romantics, ____is not only the major source of poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.A. loveB. manC. natureD. death18. In the Romantic period, ____is the most prosperous literary form.A. proseB. poetryC. fictionD. play19. The author of "Ode on a Grecian Urn" is __________.A. WordsworthB. AustenC. ByronD. Keats20. In terms of Pride and Prejudice, which is not true?A. Pride and Prejudice is the most popular of Jane Austen’s novels.B. Pride and Prejudice is originally drafted as "First Impressions".C. Pride and Prejudice is a tragic novel.D. In this novel, the author explores the relationship between great love and realistic benefits.21. Romanticism is a period of British literature roughly dated from _________.A.1660-----1798B.1798----1832C.1483-----1546D.1836-----190122. Which of the following is the Gothic novel?A. Shelly’s Prometheus UnboundB. Keats’ LamiaC. Mary Shelly’s FrankensteinD. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice23. Chronologically the Victorian refers to__________.A.1798---1832B.1836---1901C. the Romantic periodD. the Neoclassical Period24. ____ believes that man’s fate is predeterminedly tragic, driven by a combined force of ‘nature”, both inside and outside.A. Charles DickensB. Thomas hardyC. Bernard ShawD.T.S. Eliot25. “Self-conceited”, “cruel” and “tyrannical” are m ost likely the names of the character in______.A. Robert Browning’s ‘My Last Duchess’B. Christopher Marlowe’s ‘Dr. Faustus’C. Shakespeare’s Love’s ‘Labor’s lost’D. Sheridan’s ‘The School for Scandal’26. Robert Browning’s style is_______.A. identical with that of the other VictorianB. similar to that of TennysonC. perfectly artisticD. rough and disproportionate in appearance27.According to D.H. Lawrence, _____was the first novelist that “started putting all the actions inside”.A. George EliotB. Thomas HardyC. Charles DickensD.T.S. Eliot28. Which of the following description of Thomas Hardy is wrong?A. Most of his novels are set in Wessex.B. Tess of the D’Urbervilles is one of the most representative of him as both a naturalistic and a critical realist writer.C. Among Hardy’s major works, Under the Greenwood Tree is the most cheerful and idyllic.D. From The Mayor of Casterbridge on, the tragic sense becomes the keynote of his novels.29. Charlotte’s works are famous for the depiction of the life of the middle-class working women, particularly________.A. governessesB. clerks C .baby-sitters D. managers30. The three trilogies of _____ Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century.A. D. H. Lawrence’sB. John Galsworthy’sC. James Joyce’sD. Thomas Hardy’s31. ____ is the most outstanding stream-consciousness novelist.A. T.S. EliotB. Richard Brinsley SheridanC. James JoyceD. Oscar Wilder32. In his famous poem_____, Yeats explores the problems of death, love, old age and art.A. "Leda and the Swan"B. "No Second Troy"C. "September 1913"D. "Sailing to Byzantium"33. ____is a poem concerned with the spiritual breakup of a modern civilization in which human life has lost its meaning, significance and purpose. A. Ulysses B. The Waste Land C. The Confidential Clerk D. Dubliners34. In ____, James Joyce intends to present a microcosm of the whole human life by providing an instance of how a single event contains all the events of its kind, and how history is recapitulated in the happenings of one day.A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManB. DublinersC. UlyssesD. Finnegans Wake35. Of the following poems by T.S. Eliot, which is hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th Century English Poetry?A. Poems 1909----1925B. The Hollow MenC. Prufrock and Other ObservationsD. The Waste Land36. Which of the following best describes the speaker of “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”?A. He is a man of an action.B. He is a man of apathy.C. He is a man of inactivity.D. All the above are wrong.37. Of the following works by D.H. Lawrence, _______established his position as novelist.A. The White PeacockB. The TrespasserC. Women in LoveD. Sons and Lovers38. Which of the following wr itings is not the novel of D.H. Lawrence’s?A. Sons and LoversB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Yong ManC. The White Peacock.D. The Rainbow39. Of the following writings by James Joyce, which is a prime example of modernism in literature?A. UlyssesB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Yong ManC. DublinersD. Finnegans Wake40. Of all the following issues, _____is definitely NOT the focus of the Romantic writers in the American literary history.A. Puritan moralityB. Human bestialityC. Noble savagesD. Divinity of man41. Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.A. WaldenB. The PioneersC. NatureD. "Song of Myself"42. “Leaves of Grass” commands great attention because of its uniquely poetic embodiment of________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.A. the democratic idealsB. the romantic idealsC. the self-reliance spiritsD. the religious ideals43. According to Whitman, the genuine participation of a poet in a common cultural effort was to behave as a supreme_________.A. democratB. individualistC. romanticistD. leader44. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as ___________.A. The Naturalist PeriodB. The Modern PeriodC. The Romantic PeriodD. The Realistic Period45. In the following works, which sign the beginning of the American literature?A. The Sketch BookB. Leaves of GrassC. Leather Stocking TalesD. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn46. Washington Irving’s “Rip Van Winkle” is famous for_________.A. Rip’s escape into a mysteriousB. The story’s German legendary source materialC. Rip’s seeking for happinessD. Rip’s 20-years sleep47. Which of the following statement is not true about Washington Irving?A. Washington Irving is regarded as Father of the American short stories.B. Irving’s relationship with the Old World in terms of his literary imagination can hardly be ignored considering his success both abroad and at home.C. Irving’s taste was essentially progressive or radical.D. Washington Irving has always been regarded as a writer who "perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced."48. The Publication of ______established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. The American ScholarD. The Over-Soul49. "There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity", which author of the following authors does the mention belong to________.A. Washington IrvingB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Walt Whitman50. "Moby Dick" is regarded as the first American_________.A. Prose epicB. Comic epicC. Dramatic fictionD. Poetic fiction51. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.A. mystery of the universeB. sin of the whaleC. power of the great NatureD. evil of the world52. Theodore Dreiser belonged to the school of literary ______which emphasized heredity and environment as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters that were presented in special and detailed circumstances.A. naturalismB. realismC. determinismD. humanism53. Emily Dickinson’s verse is most aptly characterized as ___________.A. exposing the evils of the societyB. paving the way for the following generation of free verse poetsC. sharing the same poetic conventions as Walt WhitmanD. exhibiting sensitiveness to the symbolic implications of experience, such as love, death, immortality and etc.54. The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as _____________.A. the Age of RealismB. the Age of ModernismC. the Age of RomanticismD. the Age of Colonialism55. Who exerts the simple most important influence on literary naturalism?A. EmersonB. Jack LondonC. Theodore DreiserD. Darwin56. ______is considered by H.L. Mencken as "the true father of our national literature."A. HemingwayB. PoeC. IrvingD. Twain57. Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with a _______language.A. grandB. pompousC. simpleD. vernacular58. Henry James’s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with________.A. international themeB. national themeC. European themeD. Regional theme59. In the following writers, who is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th century "Stream-of-consciousness" novels and the founder of psychological realism______________.A. Henry JamesB. Mark TwainC. Emily DickensonD. Theodore Dreiser60. The following titles are all related to the subject that escapes from the society and returns to nature except__________.A. Dreiser’s Sister CarrieB. Copper’s Leather-Stocking TalesC. Thoreau’s WaldenD. Mar k Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn61. Closely related to Emily Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning ___________.A. ChildhoodB. Youth and happinessC. LonelinessD. Death and immortality62. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, _________became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism63. Ezra Pound is a leading spokesman of the_________.A. Imagist MovementB. Chartist MovementC. Modernist MovementD. Romantic Movement64. Strong affinity of the Chinese and Oriental literature can be found in the works of_________.A. Mark TwainB. Ezra PoundC. Emily DickinsonD. Arthur Miller65. Of the following American poets, whose work was first recognized in England and then in America?A. Robert FrostB. Walt WhitmanC. Emily DickinsonD. Wallace Stevens66. In these lines "The apparition of these faces in the crowd; / Petals on a wet, black bough", Ezra Pound uses the figure of speech of ________.A. metaphorB. simileC. hyperboleD. contrast67. O’Neill’s inventiveness seemingly knew no limits. He was constantly experimenting with new styles and forms for his plays, especially during the twenties when ______was in full swing.A. SymbolismB. ExpressionismC. RomanticismD. Realism68. In a class which discusses the Imagist Movement in the United States, we will definitely NOT include________.A. William Carlos WilliamsB. Ezra PoundC. Gary SnyderD. Wallace Stevens69. In which of the following poems by Ezra Pound did you find the allusion to Wi-shang? ____________A. In a Station of the MetroB. The River-Merchant’s Wife: A LetterC. A PactD. Hugh Selwyn Mauberley70. In 1915, Ezra Pound began writing his great work_______, which spanned from 1917 to 1959.A. CantosB. Collected Early Poems of Ezra PoundC. PersonaeD. Hygh Selwyn Mauberley71. The founder of the American drama is _______.A. Arthur MillerB. Clifford OdetsC. Tennessee Wil liamsD. Eugene O’Neill72. The first full-length play written by Eugene O’Neill is ______.A. The StrawB. Beyond the HorizonC. Bound East for CardiffD. The Hairy Ape73. Eugene O’Neill’s “The Hairy Ape” explores the problem of________.A. human disillusionmentB. the corruption of human desireC. human responsibilityD. the loss of human identity74. Fitzgerald’s fictional world is the best embodiment of the spirit of_______.A. the Jazz ageB. the Romantic PeriodC. the Renaissance PeriodD. the Neoclassical Period75. Fitzgerald wrote the following except_________.A. The Great GatsbyB. In Our TimeC. Tender is the NightD. This Side of Paradise76. "There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the chamoagne and the stars...", the two sentences are taken from________.A. ’The Great Gatsby’ by FitzgeraldB. ’Sister Carrie’ by Theodore DreiserC. ’Moby-Dick’ by Herman MelvilleD. ’Daisy Miller’ by Henry James77. Which of the following comments on the novel “The Great Gatsby” is not true?A. The Great Gatsby is a novel that is a set against the ending of the war.B. Gatsby is a mystical figure whose intensity of dream partakes of a state of mind that embodies American itself.C. Gatsby is the last of the romantic heroes.D. Gatsby is wealthy but unintelligent and brutal.78. _____is Hemingway’s masterpiece.A. Farewell to ArmsB. For Whom the bell TollsC. The Sun Also RisesD. The Old Man and the Sea79. Which of the following best describes the protagonist of William Faulkner’s "A Rose for Emily"?A. She is a conservative aristocrat.B. She is a wealth lady.C. She is a prisoner of the past.D. She has good taste.80 Who, disregarding grammar and punctuation, always used "i" instead of "I" to refer to himself as a protest against self-importance?A. CummingsB. Wallace StevensC. FitzgeraldD. Ernest Hemingway3. Answer the following questions briefly.1)What is Chaucer's contribution to English language?2)What was the English Renaissance?3)What are the themes of "Robinson Crusoe"?4)Summarize Shelley's significance in the English literature.5) What are the periods of Shakespeare’s dramatic composition? And what are their respective features?6) What are the principles of classicists? Tell three representative classicists in the English literature and their representative works.7)Summarize Eliot's influence briefly.8)Why is Hamlet a representative of humanism?9) What are the characteristics of the American writings in the Romantic Period?10) How does “Rip Van Winkle” reveal Washington Irving’s conservative attitude?11) What is Hawthorne’s writing style?12) Comment on the language of Whitman’s poems13) What is Dreiser’s writing style?14) What is the Imagist Movement?15) What is the basic concern of The Hairy Ape?16) What is the theme of The Old Man and the Sea?17) Sea adventures are Melville’s favorite subject; "Moby-Dick" is a great novel in the theme, which is also noted for its symbolism, please analyze it in detail. 18) Why Modernism is different from Realism?4. Answer the following questions in detail.1)What are the general features of Shakespeare's plays?2) Summarize Byron's chief contribution and significance in the English literature.3) What are the three periods of Yeats’s literary career? Enumerate some representative works at each period.4) What are the characteristics of Romanticism in English literature? Give examples to illustrate them.5) Comment on the similarities and differences of the three dominant figures—William Dean Howells, Henry James and Mark Twain of the Realistic period.6) The background of American Modernism7) What is Hawthorne’s “black” vision of life and hum an beings?8) Analyze the theory of Theodore Dreiser’naturalism with example.9) Take examples to analyze the style and theme of Mark Twain.华中师范大学网络教育学院《英美文学史》测试题答案1. Write the names of the authors of the following literary works.1. Samuel Richardson2. Henry Fielding3. Richard Brinsley Sheridan4. Samuel Johnson5.Thomas Gray6.William Blake7.Robert Burns8.William Wordsworth9.Samuel Taylor Coleridge10.Robert Southey11.Walter Scott12.William Makepeace Thackeray13.Charlotte Bronte14.Emily Bronte15.George Eliot16.Robert Louis Stevenson17.Oscar Wilde18.John Galsworthy19.Thomas Hardy20.Bernard Shaw21.William Butler Yeats22.David Herbert Lawrence23.Virginia Woolf24.Charles Dickens25.Percy Shelley26.Christopher Marlow27.Jonathan Swift28.Jane Austen29.Henry Fielding30.Thomas Hardy31.William Shakespeare32.George Gordon Byron33.Samuel Taylor Coleridge34.r Edmund Spenser35.Alexander Pope36.Richard Brinsley Sheridan37.George Eliot38.James Joyce39.Poesy John Drydenurence Sterne41.Percy Shelley42)Thomas Jefferson43) Fenimore Cooper44) Washington Irving45) Emerson46) Henry David Thoreau47) Nathaniel Hawthorne48)Herman Melville49)Edgar Allan Poe50) Walt Whitman51)Walt Whitman52)Emily Dickinson53) Robert Frost54) Edgar Allan Poe55) Harriet Beecher Stowe56) William Dean Howells57) Henry James58) Mark Twain59) O. Henry60) Jack London61) Stephen Crane62) Frank Norris63) Theodore Dreiser64) Ezra Pound65) Ezra Pound66) Wallace Stevens67) Carl Sandburg68)T. S. Eliot69) John Steinbeck70) Fitzgerald71) William Faulkner72) Ernest Hemingway73) Eugene O’Neill74) Arthur Miller75) William Faulkner76) T. S. Eliot77) Longfellow78) John Steinbeck79) Mark Twain80)John Doss Passos2. Choose the right answer. 1Answer: D2Answer: B3 Answer: D4. Answer: C5. Answer: B6. Answer: B7. Answer: D8. Answer: B9. Answer: B10. Answer: A11. Answer: C13. Answer: B14. Answer: B15. Answer: B16. Answer: B17. Answer: C18. Answer: B19. Answer: D20. Answer: C21. Answer: B22. Answer: C23. Answer: B24. Answer: B25. Answer: A26. Answer: D27. Answer: A28. Answer: D29. Answer: A30. Answer: B31. Answer: C32. Answer: D33. Answer: B34. Answer: C35. Answer: D36. Answer: C37. Answer: D38. Answer: B39. Answer: A40. Answer: B41. Answer: A42. Answer: A43. Answer: B44. Answer: C45. Answer: B46. Answer: D47. Answer: C48. Answer: A49. Answer: C50. Answer: A51. Answer: B52. Answer: A53. Answer: D54. Answer: A55. Answer: D57Answer: D58. Answer: A59. Answer: A60. Answer: A61. Answer: D62. Answer: C63. Answer: A64. Answer: B65. Answer: A66. Answer: A67. Answer: B68. Answer: C69. Answer: B70. Answer: A71. Answer: D72. Answer: B73. answer: D74. Answer: A75. Answer: B76. Answer: A77. Answer: D78. Answer: D79. Answer: C80 Answer: A3. Answer the following questions briefly.5)What is Chaucer's contribution to English language?Chaucer's language is vivid and exact. His verse is smooth. His words are easy to understand. He introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which was later called the "heroic couplet." Though drawing influence from French, Italian and Latin models, he is the first important poet to write in the current English language. Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London the foundation for modern English language.6)What was the English Renaissance?The English Renaissance was an intellectual movement or rebirth of letters. There were two striking features. The first was the revived interest in classical literature. People were thirsty for works of Greek and Latin. Another feature was humanism. People began to see themselves as important beings, not only living for God and a future world. Interest in beauty and achievement rose. This was the outlook of the new bourgeois class. They believed in their strength. They expected the promising world opening to them. They believed that they could make the world according to their desires.7)What are the themes of "Robinson Crusoe"?1) The novel sings high praises of self-reliance. It demonstrates that man canremake the world with his own power. He can rely on himself in difficult situations.2) This novel is also an exhibition of man's capacity. Man has boundless energy. Together with his persistence and strong will power, he can do anything that may seem impossible previously.3) This novel also glorifies human labor. It is labor that saves Robinson Crusoe from despair, and labor is also a source of pride and happiness.In short, Robinson Crusoe is representative of the English bourgeoisie at the early stage of its development.4) This novel also touches upon the theme of colonization. Crusoe makes Friday his servant, and he himself master of the island and Friday. This plot is in accordance with the exploitation of the English bourgeois class out of Britain.8)Summarize Shelley's significance in the English literature.Shelley is one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense and original lyrical poet in the English language. Like Blake, he has a reputation as a difficult poet: erudite, imagistically complex, full of classical and mythological allusions. His style abounds in personification and metaphor and other figures of speech which describe vividly what we see and feel, or express what passionately moves us.5) What are the periods of Shakespeare’s dramatic composition? And what are their respective features?Three periods: 1. Period of historical plays and comedies. This period is characterized by happiness and optimism. This period can be further put into two phases: the phase of apprenticeship and the phase of maturation. 2. Period of tragedies. This period is characterized by gloom. 3. Period of romances or tragic-comedies. This period is characterized by reconciliation.6) What are the principles of classicists? Tell three representative classicists in the English literature and their representative works.1) The classicists modeled themselves on Greek and Latin authors, and tried to control literary creation by some fixed laws and rules drawn from Greek and Latin works. Rimed couplet instead of blank verse, the three unities of time, place and action, regularity in construction, and the presentation of types rather than individuals—these were some of the standards the classicists required of drama. Poetry, following the ancient divisions, should be lyric, epic, didactic, satiric or dramatic, and each class should be guided by some peculiar principles. Prose should be precise, direct and flexible. The English classicists followed these standards in thei r writing. 2) Addison and Steele, “The Tatler,” and “The Spectator.” Alexander Pope, “Essay on Criticism,” and “The Rape of the Lock.”9)Summarize Eliot's influence briefly.The novels of George Eliot mark the beginning of a new stage in the development of English critical realism following that of Dickens and Thackeray. In one respect her work had an advantage over her predecessors. Her characters were not grotesque types, but real, common men and women, whose psychology Eliot revealed very skillfully to the reader. But in other respects her work marks a retrogression. She shifted the center of gravity in the novel from the social problems to the problems of religion and morality. Though aware of the evils of bourgeois society, she did not。
名著中英文对译
名著中英文对译gone with the wind 飘Jane.eyre 简。
爱The scarlet letter 红字The adventures of Tom Sawyer 汤姆索亚历险记Lady Chatterley's Lover 查太莱夫人的情人Tales of two cities 双城记Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见Uncle Tom's Cabin 汤姆叔叔的小屋The old man and the sea 老人与海爱丽丝漫游记The Adventures of Alice in Wonderl and安徒生童话集Anderson's Fairy Tales傲慢与偏见Pride and Prejudice愤怒的葡萄Grapes of Wrath格利佛游记Gulliver's Travels格林童话集Grimm's Fairy Tales根Roots航空港Airport呼啸山庄Wuthering Heights环绕世界八十天Around the World in Eighty Days嘉丽妹妹Sister Carrie简·爱Jane Eyre罗滨逊漂流记Robinson Crusoe名利场Vanity Fair牛虻The Gadfly飘（乱世佳人）Gone with the Wind圣经的故事The Story of the Bible双城记A Tale of Two Cities苔丝姑娘Tess of the D' ubervilles天方夜谭(Tales from) The Arabian Nights汤姆叔叔的小屋Uncle Tom's Cabin汤姆索亚历险记The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 王子与贫儿The Prince and the Pauper雾都孤儿Oliver Twist伊索寓言Aesop's Fables远大前程The Great Expectations月亮宝石The Moonstone最后的诊断The Final DiagnosisCharles Darwin (by Carla Greene) 查尔斯;达尔文John F. Kennedy (by Charles P. Graves) 约翰;肯尼迪King Arthur and His Knights (by William Kottmey er) 亚瑟王和他的骑士One Million Pound (by Mark Twain) 百万英镑Robin Hood (adapted by Michael West) 罗宾汉Rip Van Winkle (adapted by Michael West) 里普;范;温格尔Stories from the Sands of Africa (adapted by Mic hael West) 非洲沙漠的故事Tales from the Arabian Nights (adapted by Micha el West) 天方夜谭The Canterbury Tales (adapted by Michael West)坎特伯雷故事集The House of a Thousand Lanterns (by Victoria Holt) 千灯府The Legends of Ancient Rome 古罗马的传说The Mystery of the Island (by Jules Verne) 神秘的海岛The Seventh Key 第七把钥匙Three Men on the Bummel (by K. Jerome) 三人出游记Tom Jones (by Henry Fielding) 汤姆;琼斯Airport (by Arthur Hailey) 航空港Around the World in Eighty Days (by Jules Verne)环绕世界八十天A Separate Peace (by John Knowles) 独自和解Daisy Miller (by H. James) 黛丝密勒Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (by R. L. Stevenson) 化身博士Flowers for Mrs. Harris (by Paul Gallico) 献给哈里斯夫人的鲜花Frankenstein (by Mary Shelly) 弗兰肯斯特Hatter's Castle (by A. J. Cronin) 帽商的城堡Little Tom (by B. Bell & D. Bell) 小汤姆Lucky Jim (by Kingsley Amis) 幸运的吉姆The Adventures of Alice in Wonderland (by Lewis Carrol) 艾丽斯漫游记The Black Tulip (by Alexandre Dumas) 黑郁金香The Life of Abraham Lincoln (by Stegan Lorant) 林肯传The Mill on the Floss (by George Eliot) 弗洛斯河上的磨坊The Prince and the Pauper (by Mark Twain) 王子和贫儿The Red Badge of Courage (by Stephen Crane) 红色英勇勋章The Scapegoat (by Daphne Du Maurier) 替罪羊The Sign of Indra 印达拉神像Thirty-nine Steps (by John Buchan) 三十九级台阶Three Men in a Boat (by J. K. Jerome) 三人同舟Tom Brown's Schooldays (by Thomas Hughes) 汤姆;布朗的求学时代Witch (by George Mackay Brown) 女巫Aesop's Fables 伊索寓言Anderson's Fairy Tales 安徒生通话选Compell's Kingdom (by Hammond Innes) 坎伯尔王国Frontiers of Science 科学的新领域Grimm's Fairy Tales 格林通话选Hotel (by Arthur Hailey) 旅馆Jamaica Inn (by Daphne Du Maurier) 牙买加旅店Popular Science Readings 英语科普小品Roots (by Alex Harley) 根Stories from Shakespeare (adapted by H. G. Wya tt) 莎士比亚戏剧故事集The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin (by Mark Twa in) 哈克贝里芬历险记The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (by Mark Twain)汤姆索亚历险记The “Caine” Mutiny (by Herman Wink) “该隐”号兵变记The Citadel (by A. J. Cronin) 堡垒The Good Soldier Schweik (by Jaroslav Hasek, tr ans. By Paul Selver) 好兵帅克The Moonstone (by Wilkie Collins) 月亮宝石The Pearl (by John Steinbeck) 珍珠The Story of Madame Curie ( by Alice Thorne) 居里夫人传Uncle Tom's Cabin (by H. Beecher Stowe) 汤姆叔叔的小屋Anna Karenina (by Leo Tolstoy) 安娜;卡列尼娜A Tale of Two Cities (by Charles Dickens) 双城记David Copperfield (by Charles Dickens) 大卫考伯菲尔德Emma (by Jane Austen) 爱玛Far from the Madding Crowd (by Thomas Hardy)远离尘嚣Frenchman's Creek (by Charles Dickens) 法国人的小港湾Great Expectations (by Charles Dickens) 远大前程Gulliver's Travels (by Jonathan Swift) 格利佛游记Jane Eyre (by Charlotte Bronte) 简爱Jaws (by Peter Benchley) 大白鲨Lucky Jim (by Kinsley Amis) 幸运的吉姆Nicholas Nickleby (by Charles Dickens) 尼古拉斯.尼克尔贝Mary Barton (by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell) 玛丽.巴顿Monte Cristo (by Alexandre Dumas) 基度山伯爵Oliver Twist (by Charles Dickens) 雾都孤儿Pride and Prejudice (by Jane Austen) 傲慢与偏见Rebecca (by Daphne Du Maurier) 蝴蝶梦Silas Marner (by George Eliot) 塞拉斯.马纳Tess of the D'ubervilles (by Thomas Hardy) 德伯家的苔丝The Green Years (by A. Cronin) 青春的岁月The Hunckback of Notre Dame (by Victor Hugo) 巴黎圣母院The Mayor of Casterbridge (by Thomas Hardy) 卡斯特桥市长The Three Musketeers (by Alexandre Dumas) 三个火枪手Treasure Island (by R. L. Steveson) 金银岛Vanity Fair (by W. M. Thackeray) 名利场Woman in White (by Wilkie Collins) 白衣女人Wuthering Heights (by Emily Bronte) 呼啸山庄Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (by Lewis Carro l) 艾丽斯漫游记Child's History of England (by Charles Dickens) 儿童英国史Good-bye, Mr. Chips (by James Hilton) 再会，契普斯先生INTERPOL (by Peter G. Lee) 国际警察组织Robinson Crusoe (by Daniel Defoe) 鲁滨逊漂流记The Gadfly (by E. L. Voynich) 牛虻The Story of the Bible (by Van Loon) 圣经的故事The Story of Mankind (by H. William Van Loon) 人类的故事The Great Road (by Agnes Smedley) 伟大的道路一般原著An Inspector Calls (by J. B. Priestley) 罪恶之家An Invisible Man (by H. G. Wells) 隐身人A Tale of Two Cities (by Charles Dickens) 双城记David Copperfield (by Charles Dickens) 大卫.考伯菲尔德Emma (by Jane Austen) 爱玛Gone with the Wind (by Margaret Mitchell) 飘Gulliver's Travels (by Jonathan Swift) 格利佛游记Hotel (by Arthur Hailey) 旅馆Oliver Twist (by Charles Dickens) 雾都孤儿Pride and Prejudice (by Jane Austen) 傲慢与偏见Pygmalion (by Bernald Shaw) 茶花女Red Star over China (by Edgar Snow) 西行漫记Roots (by Alex Haley) 根Selected Readings from D. H. Lawrence 劳伦斯作品选读The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin (by mark Twa in) 哈克.贝里芬历险记The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (by Mark Twain)汤姆.索亚历险记The Jungle (by Upton Sinclair) 丛林The Old Man and The Sea (by Ernest Hemingwa y) 老人与海The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists (by Robert Tressell) 穿破裤子的慈善家The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (by William L. Shirer) 第三帝国的兴亡Uncle Tom's Cabin (by H. Beecher Stowe) 汤姆叔叔的小屋Winds of War (by Herman Woul) 战争风云A Farewell to Arms (by Ernest Hemingway) 永别了武器Airport (by Arthur Hailey) 航空港A Tale of Two Cities (by Charles Dickens) 双城记Financier (by Theodore Dreiser) 财政家Grapes of Wrath (by J. Steinbeck) 愤怒的葡萄Jane Eyre (by Charlotte Bronte) 简爱Jude the Obscure (by Thomas Hardy) 无名的裘德Lady Chatterley's Lover (by D. H. Lawrence)查泰莱夫人德情人Martin Eden (by Jack London) 马丁.伊登Pride and Prejudice (by Jane Austen) 傲慢与偏见Sense and Sensibility (by Jane Austen) 理智与情感Sister Carrie (by Theodore Dreiser) 嘉丽妹妹Sons and Lovers (by D. H. Lawrence) 儿子和情人Tess of the D'ubervilles (by Thomas Hardy) 德伯家的苔丝The American Tragedy (by Theodore Dreiser) 美国的悲剧The Final Diagnosis (by Arthur Hailey) 最后的诊断The God Father (by Mario Puzo) 教父The Great Gatsby (by F. Scott Fitzgerald) 了不起的盖茨比The Hunckback of Notre Dame (by Victor Hugo) 巴黎圣母院The Moneychangers (by Arthur Hailey) 钱商The Rainbow (by D. H. Lawrence) 虹The Red and The Black (by Stendhal) 红与黑The Return to the Native (by Thomas Hardy) 还乡The Scarlet Letter (by Nathaniel Hawthorne) 红字The Sun Also Rises (by Ernest Hemingway) 太阳照样升起The Thorn Birds (by Colleen Mccullough) 荆棘鸟The Three Musketeers (by Alexandre Dumas) 三个火枪手Vanity Fair (by W. M. Thackeray) 名利场Wives and Daughters (by Elizabeth Gaskell) 妻子与女儿Wuthering Heights (by Emily Bronte) 呼啸山庄另外再加点中国名著的翻译，祖国文化不可忘怀啊。
the mill on Floss
So to live is heaven: To make undying music in the world, Breathing a beauteous order that controls With growing sway the growing life of man. This is life to come, — Which martyred men have made more glorious For us who strive to follow. May I reach That purest heaven, — be to other souls The cup of strength in some great agony, Enkindle generous ardor, feed pure love, Beget the smiles that have no cruelty, Be the sweet presence of a good diffused, And in diffusion ever more intense! So shall I join the choir invisible Whose music is the gladness of the world.
The Mill on the Floss
The novel spans a period of 10 to 15 years and details the lives of Tom and Maggie Tulliver, siblings growing up at Dorlcote Mill on the River Floss at its junction with the more minor River Ripple near the village of St. Ogg's in Lincolnshire, England. Both the river and the village arex Holt, the Radical, 1866 Middlemarch, 1871– 72 Daniel Deronda, 1876
《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》
Eliot's birthplace at South Farm, Arbury
1841 Eliot and her father moved to Foleshill富利斯希尔 near Coventry 考文垂 The closeness to Coventry society brought new influences, most notably those of Charles and Cara Bray卡拉布雷 Critical about religion
Main characters
• Maggie Tulliver- Young female protagonist • Tom Tulliver- Maggie's brother • Philip Wakem- Hunchbacked 驼背 classmate of Tom, and friend/suitor to Maggie • Mr Tulliver- Maggie's and Tom's father, owner of the mill. • Stephen Guest- Affluent suitor to Lucy
3 Victorian morality and sexuality
Women were expected to have sex with only one man, their husband. However, it was acceptable for men to have multiple partners in their life.
The Characteristics of Eliot’s Works
As a woman of exceptional intelligence and life experience, George Eliot shows a particular concern for the destiny of women, especially those with great intelligence, potential and social aspirations. In her mind, the pathetic tragedy of women lies in their birth. Their inferior education and limited social life determine that they must depend on men for sustenance and realization of their goals , and they have only to fulfill the domestic duties.
英美文学著名作家作品
英美文学著名作家作品申明：本站部分资料来源于互联网, 在此谨向原作者致以谢意。
如果侵犯了您的版权,请告知,我们会立即将其删除！英国文学作家作品汇总/Html/dictionary/culture/6820612.html1、Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利·乔叟1340-1400 长诗：The House of Fame声誉之堂;Troilus and Criseyde特罗勒斯与克丽西德小说：Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集----英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作（他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人）2、William Shakespeare莎士比亚1564-1616 The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of Veronaz维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry the Fifth/Richard the Third 约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世（上、下）;The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世（上、中、下）;The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世；Troilus and Cressida脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus 考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯·安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Julet罗密欧与朱丽叶；Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯·凯撒；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;Venus and Adonis维诺斯·阿都尼斯;Lucrece露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗3、Francis Bacon培根1561-1626 Advancement of Learning学术的进展;Novum Organum新工具;New Atlantic新大西岛;Essays论文集（Of Studies论学习;Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self）4、John Milton约翰·弥尔顿1608-1674 L‘Allegro欢乐的人;Il Penseroso 沉思的人;Comus科马斯;Lycidas列西达斯;Areopagitica论出版自由;Pro Populo Anglicano Defense为英国人民声辩; Pro Populo Anglicano Defense Secunda再为英国人民声辩;Paradise Lost失乐园;Paradise Regained复乐园;Samson Agonistes力士参孙5、J ohn Bunyan班扬1628-1688 The Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程;The Life and Death of Mr Badman培德曼先生的一生6、Joseph Addison艾迪生诗：The Campaign 远征；剧本：Cato加图名文；Adventure of A shilling一先令的历险7、Richard Steele理查德·斯梯尔1672-1729 The Christian Hero基督教徒的英雄名文：The Spectator Club旁观者俱乐部8、 Dan niel Defoe丹尼尔·迪福1660-1731 （标志着近代英国小说的形成）Hymn to the Pillory枷刑颂;Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙飘流记;Captain Singleton辛格顿船长;Moll Flanders莫尔弗兰德斯;A Journal of the Plague Year大疫年日记9、J onathan Swift斯威夫特1667-1745 The Battle of Books书的战争;A Tale of A Tub一个木桶的故事;The Drapier’s Letters布商的书信;A Modest Proposal一个温和的建议;Guilliver’s Travels格列佛游记(A Voyage to Lilliput/Brobdingnag/Laputa,Balnibarbi,Luggnagg,Glubbdubdriba and Japan/The Country of the Houyhnhnms小人国/大人国/拉普他等地/智马国游记)10、 Alexand er Pope蒲柏1688-1744 Past orals田园诗集;An Essay on Criticism批评论;Windsor Forest温莎林;The Rape of the Lock卷发遇劫记;The Duncial愚人志;Moral Essays道德论;An Essay on Man人论;Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot与阿布斯诺博士书11、H enry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁1707-1754（英国现实主义小说的奠基者）剧本：The Coffeehouse Politician咖啡屋政客;Don Quixote in England堂·吉诃德在英国;The Historical Register for the Year历史记事长篇小说：The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews,and of His Friend Mr Abraham Adams约瑟·安德鲁传;The Life of Mr Jonathan Wild the Great大伟人江奈生·魏尔德传;The History of Tom Jones,a Foundling汤姆·琼斯;Amelia阿美利亚12、Sa muel Johnson塞缪尔·约翰生1709-1784 A Dictionary of the Engligh Language英语语言辞典;Lives o f Poets诗人传;Vanity of Human Wishes人类欲望的虚幻;Rasselas拉塞勒斯名文：Letter to Lord Chesterfield给吉士菲尔伯爵的信13、 Oliv er Goldsmith哥尔斯密1728-1774 The Vicar of Wakefield威克菲尔德牧师传;The Citizen of the World世界公民;The Deserted荒村;She Stoopsto Conquer屈身求爱;The Rivals情敌；The School for Scsanda造谣学校14、Wil liam Blake布莱克1757-1827 Poetical Sketches素描诗集;Songs of Innocence天真之歌;Songs of Ex perience经验之歌The French Revolution法国革命;The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻;America;Milton;Jerusalem名诗：London;The Tiger15、Robert Burns彭斯1759-1796 Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect 苏格兰方言诗集名诗：The Tree of Liberty自由村;Scots Wha-Hae苏格兰人;The Two Dogs两只狗;Holy Willie’s Prayer威利长老的祈祷;My Heart’s in the Highlands我的心呀在高原;A Red,Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰;John Anderson约翰·安德生,My Jo;A Man’s A Man for A’That不管身在何处都须保持尊严;Robert Bruce’s March to Bannockburn16、 William Wordsworth威廉·华兹华斯1770-1850 An Evening Walk黄昏漫步;Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集（与柯勒律治合编）;Lucy Poems露西组诗(She Dwett Among the Untrodden Ways;To the Cuckoo杜鹃颂;I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud;The Solitary Reaper孤寂的刈麦人);Ode on Intimations of Immorality不朽颂;Ode to Duty义务颂;The Excursion远足;The Prelude序曲17、S amuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治1772-1834 Lyrical Ballads;The Fall of the Bastille巴士底狱的毁灭;The Rime of the Ancient Mariner老船夫;Kubla Khan忽必烈汗;Biographia Literaria文学传记18、Walte r Scott瓦尔特·司各特1771-1832 诗：The Minstrlsy of the Scottish Border苏格兰边区歌谣集;Marimion玛里恩;The Lady of the Lake湖上夫人小说：Waverley威弗利;Guy Mannering盖·曼纳令;Rob Roy罗布罗伊;The Heart of Midlothian米德洛西恩监狱;Ivanhoe艾凡赫;Kenilworth坎尼尔华斯;Woodstock皇家猎馆;Queentin Durward昆廷·达沃19、Jan e Austin简·奥斯丁1775-1817Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见;Sense and Sensibility理智与情感;Emma爱玛;Mansfield Park曼斯菲尔德公园;Persuasion好事多磨;Northanger Abbey诺桑觉寺20、Charles Lamb查尔斯·兰姆1775-1834 Tales from Shakespeare莎士比亚故事集;Alburn Verses诗集;Essay of Elia伊利亚散文集(Dream Children梦中儿女;A Dissertation unpon Roast Pig烤猪论;Old China古瓷;New Year’s Eve除夕;The Praise of Chimney Sweepers扫烟囱童工赞;The Superannuated Man领取养老金的人;A Bachelor’s Complaint of the Behavior of Married People单身汉对结过婚的人的行为的抱怨)21、William Hazlitt威廉·赫兹里特1778-1830 Characters of Shakespeare’sPlays莎剧中的人物;A View of the English Stage英国舞台一瞥;Lecture on the English Poets论英国诗人;The Spirit of the Age时代精神;Sketches and Essays素描与随笔;Table Talk桌边文谈名文：On Familiar Style22、George Gordon Byron乔治·拜伦1788-1824 Hours of Idliness懒散的时刻;English Bo rds and Scottish Reviewers英国诗人与苏格兰评论家;Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage,Cantos I and II,Canto III 1818恰罗德·哈罗德游记;Ode to the Framers of the Frame-bill编织机法案编制者颂;Oriental Tales 东方叙事诗(The Bride of Abydos阿比道斯的新娘;The Corsa海盗;The Siege of Corinth柯林斯之围);Manfred曼弗雷德;The Age of Bronze青铜世纪;Don Juan 唐·璜名诗：She Walks in Beauty;The Isles of Greece23、 Percy By sshe Shelley波西·比希·雪莱1792-1822 Queen Mab麦布女王;Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯;Adonais阿东尼斯;The Cenci钦契;Song to the Men of England致英国人民;England in 1819;The Masque of Anarchy专制魔王的化装游行;Ode to the West Wind/a Skylark西风/云雀颂;A Defence of Poetry诗辩24、Jo hn Keats约翰·济兹1795-1821 Endymion恩底弥翁;Isabella伊莎贝拉;The Eve of Sanit Agnes圣爱尼节前夜;Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂;Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂;To Autumn秋颂;Hyperion赫披里昂（未完成）25、Thomas Hood胡德1799-1845 The Song of the Shirt衬衫之歌;The Bridge of Sighs悲叹之桥;Miss Kilmansegg and Her Precious Leg基尔曼塞格小姐和她贵重的腿26、Ernest Jones琼斯1819-1869 小说：The Women’s Wrongs妇女们的委屈名诗：The Song of the Lower Class;The Song of the Future27、Afred Tennyson丁尼生1809-1892 Poems of Two Brothers壎篪;Timbuctoo 提姆巴克图;The Pricess公主;In Memoriam H H悼念哈拉姆;Maud毛黛;Enoch Arden伊诺克·阿登;Idylls of the King国王之歌名诗：Ulysses;The Eagle;Break,Break,Break28、Robert Browning 勃朗宁1812-1889 Paracelsus巴拉塞尔士;Strafford斯特拉福;Pippa Passes比芭走过;Dramatic Lyrics戏剧抒情诗;Dramatic Romances and Lyrics戏剧传奇与抒情诗(Home Thoughts;From Abroad;Prospice 向前看);Dramatic Personae登场人物;Men and Women男男女女29、Elizabeth Barrel Browning 1806-1861 Sonnets from the Portuguese葡萄牙十四行诗;The Cry of the Children30、 Cha rles Dickens狄更斯1812-1870 The Posthumous Papers of the PickwickClub匹克威克外传;Oliver Twist奥利弗·退斯特;American Notes美国札记;Martin Chuzzlewit马丁·朱述尔维特;The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店;Dombey and Son董贝父子;David Copperfield大卫·科波菲尔;Hard Times 艰难时世;A Tale of Two Cities双城记;Great Expectation远大前程31、Wi lliam Makepeac eThackery萨克雷1811-1863 The Book of Snobs势利者集;Vanity Fair名利场;History of Pendennis潘丹尼斯的历史;The History of Henry Esmond亨利·艾斯芒的历史;The Newcomes纽可谟一家;The Virginians 弗吉尼亚人32、 Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell盖斯凯尔1810-1865 Mary Barton玛丽·巴顿;Ruth露斯;Cranford克兰弗德;North and South北与南;Life of Charlote Bronte夏洛蒂勃郎特传33、C harlote/Emily/Anne Bron te夏洛蒂/爱米丽/安妮·勃郎特1816-1855 Jane Eyre简爱;Shirley雪丽/Wuthering Height呼啸山庄/Agones Grey艾格尼斯·格雷34、George Eliot爱略特1819-1880 Adam Bede亚当·贝德;The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊；Silas Marner织工马南;Middlemarch米德尔马契;Felix Holt,the Radical35、 Thomas Carlyle卡莱尔1795-1881 Sartor Resartus衣裳哲学/旧衣新裁;The Life of Schiller席勒传;The French Revolution;Heroes andHero-worship论英雄与英雄崇拜36、 George Meredith梅瑞狄斯1828-1909 诗：Modern Love;Poems and Lyrics of the Joy of Earth大地欢歌小说：The Ordeal of Richard Feverel理查德·法弗尔的考验；The Egoist利己主义者;Diana of the Crossways彷徨中的戴安娜;The Idea of Comedy and the Uses of the Comic Spirit喜剧的概念与喜剧精神的作用37、William Morris莫里斯1834-1896 诗：The Earthly Paradise地上乐园;Chants of Socialism社会主义歌集;Pilgrims of Hope希望的探求者小说：A Dream of John Ball梦见给翰·保尔;News from Nowher乌有乡消息38、Samuel Butler勃特勒1835-1902 The Way of All Flesh如此人生;Erewhon 埃瑞璜;Erewhon Revisited重游埃瑞璜39、 Tho mas Hardy哈代1840-1928 Under the Greenwood Tree绿茵下;Far from the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣;The Return of the Native还乡;The Mayor of Casterbridge卡斯特桥市长;Tess of the D’urbervilles德伯家的苔丝;Judethe Obscure无名的裘德诗集：Wessex Poems 威塞克斯诗集史诗剧：The Dynasts 统治者三部曲40、Robe rt Couis Stevenson史蒂文生1850-1894 小说：New Arabian Nights新天方夜谭;Treasure Island宝岛;The Strange Case of Dr Je ykell and Mr Hyde化身博士;Kidnapped诱拐游记：An Inland V oyage内陆游记;Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes骑驴旅行;A Child’s Garden of Verses儿童诗园41、Isabella Augusta Gregory/Perse格葛瑞/珀斯1852-1932 The Travelling Man旅行者;Spreading the News道听途说;Hyachinth Halvey海钦斯·哈尔威;The Gaol Gate监牢之门;The Rising of the Moon月亮上升的时候42、O scar Wilde王尔德1856-1900 长篇小说：The Picture of Dorian Gray道林·格雷的画像童话：The Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子诗集：De Prafundis惨痛的呼声;The Ballad of Reading Gaol累丁狱之歌剧作：Lady Windermere’s Fan温德米尔夫人的扇子;A Woman of No Importance一个无足轻重的妇女;An Ideal Husband理想丈夫;The Importance of Being Earnest 埃耐斯特的重要性43、George Bernard Shaw萧伯纳1856-1950 长篇小说：An Unsocial Socialist业余社会主义者评论：Quintessence of Ibsenism剧本：Widoer’s Houses鳏夫的房产;Mrs Warren’s Profession 华伦夫人的职业The Devil’s Disciple魔鬼的门徒;Man and Superman人与超人;John Bull’s Other Island英国佬的另一个岛;Major Barbara巴巴拉少校;Pygmalion劈克美梁;Heartbreak House伤心之家;The Apple Cart苹果车;Too True to be Good真相毕露44、George Gissing吉辛1857-1903 小说：Demos民众;New Crub Srreet新穷士街;Born in Eile 在流放中诞生;The Private Papers of Henry Ryecroft拉伊克罗夫特的日记（散文）;Charles Dickens:A Critical Study狄更斯研究45、Jose ph Conrad康拉德1859-1924 长篇小说：Almayer’s Foll y奥尔迈耶的愚蠢;The Nigger of the Narcissus水仙号上的黑鬼;Lord Jim吉姆老爷;Nostromo诺斯特罗莫;The Secret Agent 间谍;Chance机缘;Victory胜利短篇小说：An Outpost of Progress文明的前哨;Heart of Darkness 黑暗的中心;Youth青春46、Joseph Rudyard Kipling罗德雅德·吉卜林1865-1936 诗集：Barrak Room Ballad营房诗集;The Seven Seas七海;Recession and Other Poems赞美诗及其他;The Five Nations五国长篇小说：Kim基姆;Captain Courageous勇敢的船长短篇小说：Plain Tales from the Hills;Soldiers There;The Story of the Gadsby;Life Handcap生命的阻力;The Jungle Book;The Second Jungle Book林莽之书;The Lost Legion47、W illiam Butler Yeats叶芝1865-1939 诗：Respondib ilities责任;The Tower塔;The Winding Stair盘旋的楼梯名诗：A Deap Sworn V ow;Easter 1916剧本：The Land of Heart’s Desire理想的国土;The Hour Glass时漏;Dedidre黛德尔Autobiographies自传三部曲;Essays andIntroduction48、Herbert George Wells威尔斯1866-1946 科幻小说：The Time Machine时间机器;The Island of Dr Morau莫洛博士岛;The Invisible Man隐身人;When the Sleeper Waked;The Shape of Things to Come未来事物的面貌An Outline of World Histrory 世界史纲社会生活小说：Tono Bungay托诺·班格;Ann Veronica安·维罗尼卡;Kipps基普斯49、Enoch Arnord Bennett阿诺德·本涅特1867-1931 A Man from the North北方人;Anna of the Five Towns五镇上的安娜;The Old Wives’ Tale老妇谭;Clayhanger克莱亨厄剧本：Milestones;How to Live Twentyfour Hours a Day50、Joh n Galworthy高尔斯华绥1867-1933 From the Four Winds天涯海角(The Man of Property有产业的人;In Chancery骑虎难下;To Let出租→The Forsyt e Saga福尔塞世家);(The White Monkey白猿;The Silver Spoon银匙;Swan Song天鹅曲→A Modern Comedy现代喜剧)剧作：The Silver Box银匣;Strife斗争51、Saki萨奇（Hector Hugh Munro孟柔）1870-1916 短篇小说集：Reginald雷金纳德;Reginald in Russia;The Chronicles of Clovis克洛维斯记事;Beats and Super-beats;The Toys of Peace;The Square Egg方蛋名文：Dusk52、Edw ard Morgan Forster福斯特1879-1970 长篇小说：Where Angels Fear to Tread天使们忘而却步的地方;The Longest Journey最漫长的旅程;A Room with a View可以远眺的地方;A Passage to India印度之行短篇小说集：The Eternal Moment永恒的时刻散文集：Abinger Harvest在阿宾格村的收获;Two Cheers for Democracy53、John Millington Synge沁孤1871-1909 The Playboy of the Western World西方世界的花花公子;Riders to the Sea骑马下海的人们;Deridre of Sorrows悲伤的黛达尔;In the Shade of the Glen在幽谷的阴影下;The Tinker’s Wedding补锅匠的婚礼54、Bertrand Russell罗素1872-1970 Road to Freedom到自由之路;Marriage and Morals婚姻与自由;Mysticism and Logic神秘主义与逻辑;Sceptical Essays怀疑论集;The Analysis of Mind心理分析;History of Western Philosophy西方哲学史;Priccipia Mathematica数学原理;A Free Man’s Worship短篇小说：Satan in the Suburbs撒旦在郊区;Portraits from Memory回忆中的画像55、William Somerset Maugham毛姆1874-1965 小说：Liza of Lambeth兰贝思的莉莎;Of Human Bondage人类枷锁;Cakes and Ale寻欢作乐;The Moon and Six Pence月亮与六便士短篇小说：Complete Short Stories短篇小说集剧本：Smith ;The Circle;Our Betters位居我们之上的人们56、John Masefield梅斯菲尔德1878-1967 诗：Salt-Water Ballads海上歌谣;The Everlasting Mercy永久的仁慈;The Widow in the Bye Street小街的寡妇;The Daffodil Fields水仙田;Reynard the Fox狐狸雷纳德小说：Captain Margaret;Multitude and Solitude群与独;Sard Harker萨德·哈克尔剧本：The Locked Chest57、Giles Lytton Strachey斯特雷奇1880-1932 传记：Emiment Victorians维多利亚时代的杰出人物;Queen Victoria评论集：Land-marks in French Literature;Books and Characters58、Sean O’casey肖恩·奥凯西1880-1964 剧本：The Shadow of a Gunman枪手的影子;Juno and the Peacock裘诺与孔雀;The Plough and the Stars犁与星;The Star Turns Red;Red Roses for Me给我红玫瑰自传体小说：I Knock at the Door我敲门;Pictures in the Hallway门厅里的图画;Drums under Windows窗下鼓声;Inishfallen,Fare Thee Well英尼希法伦，再见;Rose and Crown;Sunset and Evening Star日落与金星59、Ja mes Joyce乔伊斯1882-1941 短篇小说：Dubiners都柏林人长篇小说：A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man青年艺术家的画像;Ulysess尤利西斯;Finnegans Wake芬尼根的觉醒60、Virginia Woolf沃尔芙1882-1941 长篇小说：Mrs Dalloway达洛威夫人;To the Lighthouse 到灯塔去;Orlando奥兰多传;The Waves浪;Flush弗乐希;Between the Acts幕间散文集：The Common Readers;The Death of the Moth and Other Essays;A Room of One’s Own;Three Guineas 三个基尼亚名文：Modern Fiction现代小说日记：A Writer’s Diary61、David Herbert Lawrence劳伦斯1885-1930 The White Peacock白孔雀;Sons and Lovers儿子与情人;The Reinbow虹;Women in Love恋爱中的妇女;Lady Chatterley’s Lover查泰莱夫人的情人62、Katherine Mansfield曼斯菲尔德1888-1923 In a German Pension在一个德国公寓里;Blis 幸福;The Garden Party园会;The Dove’s Nest鸽巢;Something Childish幼稚集63、Thom as Stearns Eliot艾略特1888-1965 诗集：Prufrock and Other Observation普鲁夫洛克及其他;The Waste Land荒原;The Hollow Men空虚的人们;Ash-Wednesday圣灰星期三;Four Quarters诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂里的谋杀案;The Family Reunion团圆评论集：The Sacred Wood圣林;Homage to John Dryden向约翰·德莱顿致敬;For Lancelot Andrews纪念兰斯洛特·安德鲁斯64、Aldous Leonard Huxley赫胥黎1894-1963 Antic Hay滑稽的环舞;Point Counter Point旋律和对立;Brave New World新奇的世界;Letters书信集;Ape and Essence猿与本质;Eyeless in Gaza加沙的盲人;After Many a Summer多少个夏天之后;The Doors of Perception感觉之门;Fairy Godmother天使教母(←Two or Three Graces雅事二三)65、John Boynton Priesley普里斯特利1899- 小说：The English Comic Characters英国喜剧从物;The English Novel英国小说;The Good Companions好伙伴;Angel Pavement天使街;They Walk in the City;他们走在城市中；Let the People Sing让人们歌唱剧本：Dangerous Corner危险的转角;Time and the Conways时代与康威一家;In Inspector Calls罪恶之家;When We Are Married;The Linden Tree普提树;Summer Day’s Dream夏日梦66、Hugh MacDiarmid麦克迪尔米德1892-1978 Sangshaw诗歌集;A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle醉汉看蓟;First/Second/Third Hymn to Lenin;In Memoriam James Joyce悼念乔伊斯;Collected Poems名诗：Why I Choose Red;Moonlight Among;The Pines;Third Hymn to Lenin67、Ivor Armstrong Richards理查兹1893-1979 Principles of Literary Criticism文学批评原理;Science and Poetry;Practical Criticism实用批评;Coleidge on Imagination柯尔律治论想象;The Philosophy of Rhetoric修辞哲学;Basic in Teaching :East and West教学基础（The Four Kinds of Meaning）;Basic English and It’s Uses基础英语及其应用68、Leshe Poles Hartley哈特利1895-1972 短篇小说集：Night Fears and Other Stories黑夜的恐惧及其他故事(The Killing Bottle致命瓶;The White Wand白色魔杖) 论文集：The Novelist’s Responsibility长篇小说：Eustace and Hilda优斯塔斯与希尔达三部曲(The Shrimp and the Anemone虾与海葵);The Go-Between信使;The Hireling佣工；Facial Justice表面正义;The Boat;A Perfect Woman一个完美的女人;The Betrayal背叛;My Sister’s Keeper妹妹的监护人69、Elizabeth Bowen鲍恩1899-1973 The Hotel旅舍;The House in Paris巴黎寓所;The Death of the Heart心死;The Heat of the Day炎日短篇小说集：Look at All Those Roses(Tears ,Idle Tears)70、Victor Sawdon Pritchett普里彻特1900- 短篇小说：The Sailor水手;The Sense of Humour 幽默感;Mr Beluncle贝伦克尔先生游记：The Spanish Temper西班牙性格评论集：Books in General书籍泛谈自传：A Cab at the Door:A Memoir马车在家门口：回忆录；Midnight Oil 挑灯夜谈71、George Orwell奥威尔1903-1950 小说：Down and Out in Paris and London巴黎伦敦落魄记;Homage to Catalonia向坎塔罗尼亚致敬;Animal Farm兽园;Nineteen Eighty-Four散文集：Dickens,Dali and Others狄更斯，达里及其他;Shooting on Elephant and Other Essays猎象记及其他;The Collected Essays,Journalism and Letters of George Orwell in Four V olumes奥威尔散文，新闻写作及书信集名文：Lear Tolstoy and The Fool72、Frank O’connor奥康纳1903-1966 论文集：The Lonely V oice:A Study of the Short Story 寂寞之声：短篇小说研究自传：An Only Son独生子;My Father’s Son;The Backward Look:A Survey of Irish Literature爱尔兰文学回顾短篇小说集：Collection Two:Stories by Frank O’connor(Private Property私有财产)73、Evelyn Waugh伊夫林·沃1903-1966 长篇小说：Decline and Fall没落与堕落;Vile Bodies 行尸走肉;A Handful of Dust 一撮灰尘;Black Mischief黑色的祸害;Scoop挖新闻;Put out More Flags多升几面旗;Bridgeshead Revisited重游布赖兹海德(Men at Arms行伍生涯;Officers and Gentlemen军官与绅士;Unconditional Surrender无条件投降→The Sword of Honour荣誉之剑三部曲)自传：A Little Learning一点学问（三部只成一部）短篇小说集：Mr Loveday’s Litt leOuting and Other Sad Stories洛弗戴先生一次短暂的外出与其他悲惨故事74、Christopher Isherwood 衣修午德1904- All the Conspirators所有的阴谋者;Mr Norris Changeds Traits诺里斯先生换火车;Sally Bowles萨利·鲍尔斯（选自《再见吧，柏林》）;Journey to a War战地行;Prater Violet紫罗兰姑娘;The World in the Evening夜晚的世界;Down there on A Visit在那儿进行访问;A Single Man单身汉;A Meeting by the River河畔相会75、Graham Greene格雷厄姆·格林1904- 消遣：Stamboul Train斯坦布尔列车;A Gun for Sale 一支出卖的枪;Our Man in Havana我们在哈瓦纳的人严肃：The Power and the Glory权力与荣誉;The Heart of the Matter问题的核心;The End of the Affair爱情的结局;The Quiet American;The Comedians喜剧演员;The Human Favor人的因素76、Charles Percy Snow斯诺1905-1980 Strangers and Brothers陌生人与兄弟们;The Light and the Dark光明与黑暗;Time of Hope希望的时刻;The Masters院长们;The New Men新人;Homecoings归家;The Conscience of the Rich富人的良心;The Affairs事件;Corridors of Power权力走廊;The Sleep of Reason理智沉眠;Last Things结局77、Peter Courtney Quennell昆纳尔1905- Byron:The Year of Fame拜伦：盛名时期;Byron in Italy;Byron:A Self-Portrait拜伦：一幅自我画像;A History of English Literature;Four Portraits:Studies of the 18th Century四幅画像：关于十八世纪的研究78、William Empson燕卜荪1906- 诗集：Poems;The Gathering Storm酝酿中的风暴;Collected Poems名诗：Legal Fiction;Homage to the British Museum论著：Seven Types of Ambiguity晦涩的七种类型;Some Versions of Pastoral田园诗的几种变化；The Structure of Complex Words 复合词的结构79、Wystan Hugh Auden奥登1907-1973 诗集：Poems;The Orators雄辩家;Look,Stranger!瞧，陌生人;Spain诗剧：The Dog Beneath the Skin皮下之狗;The Ascent,F6攀登F6;On the Frontier 边界上The Sea and the Mirror海与镜;The Age of Anxiety忧虑时代;The Shield of Achilles阿基琉斯的盾牌;Homage to Clio向克奥女神致敬;About the House屋子内外散文评论集：The Dyer’s Hand染工之手;Secondary World次要的世界名诗：Who’s Who;The Unknown Citizen;Their Lonely Betters80、William Golding戈尔丁1911- 长篇小说：Lord of the Flies蝇王;The Inheritors继承人;Pincher Martin平却·马丁;The Spire塔尖;The Pyramid金字塔81、Angus Wilson威尔逊1913- 小说：The Wrong Set and Other Storie乱了套和其他短篇故事s;Anglo-Saxon Attitudes盎格鲁撒克逊态度;The Middle Age of Mrs Eliot艾略特夫人的中年;The Old Men at the Zoo; Late Call夜访;As if by Magic象是用了魔术评论：Emile Zole爱弥尔·佐拉;The World of Charles Dickens;The Strange Ride of Rudyard Kipling吉卜林的奇异旅程82、Dylon Thomas迪伦·托马斯1914-1953 诗：Eighteen Poems;The Map of Love爱的地图;Deaths and Entrances死亡与出场;Collected Poems自传：Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog 作为一条小狗的艺术家画像广播剧：Under the Milk Wood 名诗：Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night83、Muriel Sarah Spark斯帕克1918- The Comforter安慰者;The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie琼·布罗迪小姐的黄金时代;The Diver’s Seat司机的座位;The Abbess of Crewe克鲁女修道院院长;Loitering with Intent存心游戏;Collected Stories I短篇小说集（一）84、Richard Lessing多丽丝·莱辛1919- The Grass is Singing草儿在歌唱;Children of Violence 暴力和孩子们(Martha Quest玛莎·金奎特;A Proper Marriage正当的婚姻;A Ripple from the Storm暴风雨掀起的涟漪;Landlocked被陆地围住的;The Four-gated City四门城);The Golden Notebook金色笔记;Briefing for a Descent into Hell堕入地狱简况;The Summer before the Dark85、Iris Murdoch默多克1919- Under the Net在网下;The Bel钟l;A Severed Head砍掉的头;The Black Prince黑衣王子;The Sea,The Sea大海啊，大海86、Philip Larkin拉金1922- 诗：The North Ship北方船;Jill;A Girl in Winter诗集：The Less Deceived受骗较少的人;The Whitsun Weddings降灵节婚礼;High Windows高窗名诗：Church Going;Reason for Attendance87、Kingsley Amis 金斯莱·艾米斯1922- 小说：Lucky Jim幸运的吉姆;My Enemy’s Enemy 我的敌人的敌人;One Fat Englishman一个英国胖子;That Uncertain Feeling那种不安感;Take a Girl Like You爱你这样的姑娘;Ending up死88、John Wain韦恩1925- 长篇小说：Hurry on Down大学后的漂泊;Living in the Present生活在当代;The Contenders竞争者;Strike the Father Dead打死父亲;A Winter in the Hills山中寒冬短篇小说集：The Life Guard救生员89、Brian Wilson Aldiss奥尔迪斯1925- The Brightfountain Diaries明泉日记; The Billion Year Spree:The History of Science Fiction科幻小说史;Best SF Stories of Brian W Aldiss奥尔迪斯最佳科幻故事集(Outside外界)90、Alan Sillitoe西利托1928- Saturday Night and Sunday Morning;The General;Key to the Door;A Tree on Fire;A Start in Life一位长跑运动员的孤独;The Loneliness of the Long-Distance Runner捡破烂人的女儿;The Ragman’s Daughter;The Windower’s Son91、John Osborne奥斯本1929- Look back in Anger愤怒的回顾;Lurther;Inadmissible Evidence 不能接受的证据;Time Present and Hotel in Amsterdam目前和阿姆斯特丹的旅馆92、Ted Hughs特德·休斯1930- The Hawk in the Rain雨中鹰;Lupercal卢泼卡尔神(Hawk of Roosting);Scapegoats and Rabies替罪羊与狂犬病;Wodwo沃德沃怪物;Crow乌鸦Songs of Woe 哀歌93、Arnold Wesker韦斯克1932- 剧本：The Wesker Triology韦斯克三部曲(Chicken Soup with Barley大麦鸡汤;Roots;I’m Talking about Jerusalem0;The Four Seasons;The Friends;The Journalists新闻记者;Caritas Christi卡里塔斯·克里斯蒂94、Margaret Drabble德雷伯尔1939- 小说：A Summer Bird-cage夏日的鸟笼;The Garrick Year 茄立克年;The Millstone磨石;The Needle’s Eye针眼;The Realms of Gold黄金世界;The Ice Age冰期英国文学简史（作家及作品）--刘炳善版/archiver/?tid-2613.htmlPart 1. Old and medievalBeowulf 贝尔武甫(the national epic of the English people) stricking feature: alliteration, metaphors and understatements.William Langland 威廉。
(2024年高考真题)2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷 全国甲卷(含答案)
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国甲卷英语试卷养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers going?A. A new restaurant.B. A convenience store.C. Their office.2. When is the class presentation according to Vicky?A. On Thursday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Tuesday.3.Why does the woman make the call?A. To check the price.B. To make an apology.C. To cancel her order.4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Boss and employee.C.Salesperson and customer.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Their move to a new place.B. Tom's friends at school.C. A sports center.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5 段对话或独白。
【高考真题】2024年高考英语真题试卷(全国甲卷)(含答案)
【高考真题】2024年高考英语真题试卷（全国甲卷）第二部分(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.Light Awash in WatercolorLearn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880 -1990: Into the Light.Spineless Artists:Invertebrate CreativityFrom webs to cocoons, invertebrates(无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance,inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft(手工艺)materials.Wheel ThrowingJoin instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!Knitting and Pom-PomMakingJoin the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit(编织).1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST?A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings.B．It offers art courses for all ages.C．It presents recreational activities.D．It is a major tourist attraction.2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures?A．Light Awash in Watercolor.B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.C．Wheel Throwing.D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.3．What can you do together with Javier Marin?A．Practice a traditional dance.B．Make handcrafts.C．Visit a local museum D．Feed invertebrates.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》
外国语学院学士学位论文论文题目：Reflections of Morality on the Character Maggie in The Mill on the Floss论《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》中麦琪人物形象体现出的道德观学生姓名：张尔虔学号：0709120215专业：英语语言文学班级：英语2007-2班指导教师：张娜论文提交日期：2011年6月10日Abstract:As an excellent novelist of Victorian Age, George Eliot is famous for her brilliance and anti traditional thoughts. Meanwhile, Eliot’s views on morality and rich life experiences are also drawing people’s attention. However, writers and critics pay less attention to the views of morality from the characterization that Eliot’s portrays.The Mill on the Floss is Eliot’ early works and it is also her autobiography. This novel describes the heroine Maggie’s short life experiences. She is brave enough to struggle for the outer strength. And from Maggie’s behaviors, we can realize the standard of Eliot’s views on morality.The paper will discuss the gender inequality in Victorian Age, Eliot’s human-oriented religion and Eliot’s marriage morality on the characterization of Maggie. The author will firstly introduce the reality of gender inequality in Victorian Age, and tell the Maggie’s rebellion and her helpless on changing this situation. And then it goes to Eliot’s human-oriented religion. Love is the core of Eliot’s human-oriented religion, and it is reflected on Maggie’s death for love. After that, the paper will discuss Eliot’s marriage morality. Maggie’s love with Philip and Stephen will explain Eliot’s marriage morality.George Eliot is a faithful believer in the importance of morality in society. She acted by high moral standards in her own life and developed her moral ideas in her books. Known Eliot’s moral ideas will be of great help in studying Eliot’s works.Key words:gender morality; religion morality; marriage morality摘要：作为19世纪英国维多利亚时期杰出的小说家，乔治·艾略特以其博学多才和反传统的思想而倍受人们瞩目。
The Mill on the Floss
This Mill on the Floss, based on George Eliot's own experiences of provincial偏狭的，粗俗的life, is a masterpiece of ambiguity模棱两可in which moral choice is subjected to the hypocrisy of the Victorian age.As the headstrong Maggie Tulliver grows into womanhood, the deep love which she has for her brother Tom turns into conflict, because she cannot reconcile使协调；使和解；his bourgeois standards with her own lively intelligence.Maggie is unable to adapt to her community or break free from it, and the result, on more than one level, is tragedy.本书简介：《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》是乔治•爱略特的第二部鸿篇巨著，是艾略特自传性最强的一部小说。
讲述了弗洛斯河旁圣奥格镇上磨坊主杜利弗因欠债而发生诉讼纠纷，败诉破产后其子女汤姆和玛吉的生活发生了重大的变化。
经过几年的努力，聪明而勤奋的汤姆终于攒够了钱还清债务并买回了磨坊，但玛吉的爱情却因汤姆的反对而频遭挫折。
当两人在危难之中和解时，凶猛的洪水却最终将兄妹俩吞没，但他们深深的手足之情却不能不让人感动。
'But it's bad - it's bad,' Mr Tulliver added - 'a woman's no business wi' being so clever; it'll turn to trouble, I doubt.' Rebellious and affectionate, Maggie Tulliver is always in trouble. Recalling her own experiences as a girl, George Eliot describes Maggie's turbulent childhood with a sympathetic engagement that makes the early chapters of The Mill on the Floss among the most immediately attractive she ever wrote. As Maggie Tulliver approaches adulthood, her spirited temperament brings her into conflict with her family, her community, and her much-loved brother Tom. Still more painfully, she finds her own nature divided between the claims of moral responsibility and her passionate hunger for self-fulfillment. George Eliot's searching exploration of Maggie's complex dilemma has made this one of the most enduringly popular of her works. This edition offers the definitive Clarendon text with a new introduction that gives an account of the book's place in Eliot's life and the intellectual context of the time, as well as providing closetextual analysis.。
艾略特介绍
艾略特，G.Ail ete艾略特，G.George Eliot (1819～1880)[]英国女小说家。
原名玛丽*安*埃文斯。
1819年11月22日出生于沃里克郡奇尔弗斯科顿附近的乡村。
父亲年轻时当过木匠，后来是庄园主的代理人，政治观点保守。
艾略特于1828至1835年先后在两所女子寄宿学校就读，笃信福音教，热衷于慈善事业。
她学会法语、意大利语等多种外语，熟悉《圣经》和大量宗教、文学著作，并涉猎天文、地质、数学、昆虫等各类科学。
1836年母亲去世,她辍学为父亲管家。
1841年随父迁居考文垂,结识了自由思想家、缎带商查尔斯*布雷一家及布雷的姻亲海纳尔一家。
查尔斯*海纳尔的著作《基督教起源的调查》(1838)很快地转变了她的宗教信仰。
1842年初她宣布不再去教堂，不信上帝，但她仍深切理解、同情一切虔诚的宗教感情，这也成了她作品的基调。
1844年初开始翻译施特劳斯的《耶稣传》，于1846年匿名发表,在思想界产生很大影响,因而名噪一时。
以后又翻译了斯宾诺莎的《神学政治论文》。
1850年担任《威斯敏斯特评论》副编辑，与哲学家赫伯特*斯宾塞过从甚密，并认识了刘易斯和克罗斯。
乔治*亨利*刘易斯是著作家和评论家,对哲学心理学、生理学等都有研究，写过《歌德传》。
她和刘易斯志趣相投,后与他公开同居。
1854年7月她翻译的费尔巴哈的《基督教的本质》以真名出版。
同月，与刘易斯去德国。
她的哥哥姐姐同她断绝往来，朋友也对她疏远，她则甘愿承受她严肃抉择的后果。
她们共同生活了24年，她的稿酬一直用以帮助刘易斯扶养他在瑞士的三个儿子和他的离异的妻子。
[《亚当*比德》插图]她在德国时开始翻译斯宾诺莎的《伦理学》，回国后译完（未发表）；还为刘易斯翻译了《歌德传》中的大量引文，并为《威斯敏斯特评论》写专栏文章，所写的书评中已包含了她对现实主义小说的认识和理论。
1856年秋起，在刘易斯的鼓励下，她开始小说创作，写了3部回忆早年家乡生活的中篇小说,1858年结为一集名为《教区生活场景》出版，署名乔治*艾略特。
2024全国高考真题英语汇编：阅读理解D篇
2024全国高考真题英语汇编阅读理解D篇一、阅读理解（2024·浙江·高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.1．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test?A．Take an examination alone.B．Share their treats with others.C．Delay eating for fifteen minutes.D．Show respect for the researchers.2．According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.A．the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needsC．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit D．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains 3．What does the author suggest readers do?A．Be selective information consumers.B．Absorb new information readily.C．Use diverse information sources.D．Protect the information environment.4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．Eat Less, Read More B．The Later, the BetterC．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D．The Bitter Truth about Early Humans（2024·全国·高考真题）In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species inan area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”5．What do we know about the records of species collected now?A．They are becoming outdated.B．They are mostly in electronic form.C．They are limited in number.D．They are used for public exhibition.6．What does Daru’s study focus on?A．Threatened species.B．Physical specimens.C．Observational data.D．Mobile applications.7．What has led to the biases according to the study?A．Mistakes in data analysis.B．Poor quality of uploaded pictures.C．Improper way of sampling.D．Unreliable data collection devices.8．What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps?A．Review data from certain areas.B．Hire experts to check the records.C．Confirm the identity of the users.D．Give guidance to citizen scientists.（2024·全国·高考真题）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) thatpowers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.9．What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A．If read by someone poorly educated.B．If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.C．If written by someone less competent.D．If translated by someone unacademic.10．What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text?A．It is packed with complex codes.B．It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.C．It provides step-by-step instructions.D．It is intended for AI professionals.11．What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development?A．Observe existing regulations on it.B．Reconsider expert opinions about it.C．Make joint efforts to keep it under control.D．Learn from prior experience to slow it down.12．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A．To recommend a book on AI.B．To give a brief account of AI history.C．To clarify the definition of AI.D．To honor an outstanding AI expert.（2024·全国·高考真题）“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosingwhat to read became easier.But writing the end — that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be — that’s up to you and the story you’re telling — but it might provide what you need to get there.13．Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie?A．To discuss a novel.B．To submit a book report.C．To argue for a writer.D．To ask for a reading list.14．What did the author realize after seeing Gracie?A．Writing is a matter of personal preferences.B．Readers are often carried away by character.C．Each type of literature has its unique end.D．A story which begins well will end well.15．What is expected of a good ending?A．It satisfies readers’ taste.B．It fits with the story development.C．It is usually positive.D．It is open for imagination.16．Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims?A．To give examples of great novelists.B．To stress the theme of this issue.C．To encourage writing for the magazine.D．To recommend their new books.（2024·北京·高考真题）Franz Boas’s description of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans. Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense.The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. These universal norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. Our social instincts (本能) include the intense desire to belong. The approval of others is rewarding, while their disapproval is strongly disliked. These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our community. More generally, social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world.The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care. Our brains use the system to acquire behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home, efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid. Good habits save time, energy and sometimes your life. Good social habits do something similar in a social context. We learn to tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is inconvenient. We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong.Social benefits are accompanied by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. Hence self-discipline is advantageous. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. These abilities are strengthened by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways.17．What can be inferred about the forming of the Inuit’s moral code?A．Living conditions were the drive.B．Unwritten rules were the target.C．Social tradition was the basis.D．Honesty was the key.18．What can we learn from this passage?A．Inconveniences are the cause of telling lies.B．Basic human needs lead to universal norms.C．Language capacity is limited by self-control.D．Written laws have great influence on virtues. 19．Which would be the best title for this passage?A．Virtues: Bridges Across Cultures B．The Values of Self-disciplineC．Brains: Walls Against Chaos D．The Roots of Morality参考答案1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。
The Mill on the Floss
Background
In The Mill on the Floss, 3 vol. (1860), she returned again to the scenes of her early life. The first half of the book, with its remarkable portrayal of childhood, is irresistibly appealing, and throughout there are scenes that reach a new level of psychological subtlety. 用现实主义的笔触讲述了一个基于自己童年生活的 悲剧故事。 She and her brother’s sibling love and the emotional crisis brought by family conflicts all can find expressions in the novel. The Mill on the Floss is definitely Eliot’s most autobiographical novel.
The Characters
The Mill on the Floss
The
Author
弗洛斯河上的磨坊 The Mill on the Floss
George
Eliot (1819-1880) is the pseudonym of Mary Ann Evan (or spelt as Marian Evans). English Victorian novelist who developed the method of psychological analysis characteristic of modern fiction. 乔治〃艾略特（1819—1880），原名玛 丽〃安〃埃文斯，乔治〃艾略特是其笔名，英国 维多利亚时期杰出的女作家，与狄更斯和萨克雷 齐名。她的小说以深奥的哲学思想、对伦理道德、 宗教、政治的热切关注、对人物心理的细腻描写 而著称。开创了现代小说通常采用的心理分析创 作方式。
The Mill on the Floss节选
The Mill on the Floss节选
王立群;李春
【期刊名称】《新高考（高二语文、数学、英语）》
【年(卷),期】2009(000)012
【摘要】作品导读《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》是英国女作家爱略特（George Eliot）的第二部长篇巨作。
故事发生在十九世纪的英国农村，弗洛斯河岸边。
塔立弗经营着祖传的磨坊，一家过着小康的生活。
塔立弗（Tutliver）生性好强，对当地的律师韦克姆成见很深。
【总页数】4页(P58-61)
【作者】王立群;李春
【作者单位】无
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G633.41
【相关文献】
1.On Maggie＇s Feminist Thoughts in The Mill on the Floss [J], LIU Xi;MA Wen-ying;;;
2.A Feministic Duality Insight into the The Mill on the Floss [J], 马培培;李潇洒
3.The Mill on the Floss节选 [J], 王立群;李春;
4.A Feministic Duality Insight into the The Mill on the Floss [J], 马培培;李潇洒;
5.Reflections of Gender Morality on the Character Maggie in The Mill on the Floss [J], 张娜
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
弗洛斯河上的磨坊论文
The Mill on the FlossThe Mill on the Floss is the Victorian writer George Eliot’s autobiographical novel. It is her third major work of fiction and her second novel published in 1860. Before this novel, Eliot had published a book of short stories, such as Scenes From a Clerical Life and the novel Adam Bede. The Mill on the Floss was very successful and helped George Eliot achieve even greater fame.While George Eliot wasn’t actually the one achieving all this success and fame, since George Eliot didn’t ac tually exist. George Eliot is the pen-name of Mary Anne Evans. By the time The Mill on the Floss was published, George Eliot’s real identity was quickly becoming known. Success tends to cancel out anonymity after all. At last, Mary Anne Evans had to come forward and claim authorship of Adam Bede. So, Mary Anne Evans, who used a pen-name to preserve some privacy, ended up with a spotlight on her after all. The Mill on the Floss is definitely Eliot’s most autobiographical novel, something that helps to set it apart from her other works. In fact, The Mill on the Floss is often compared to Charles Dickens’s autobiographical David Copperfield.But, while The Mill on the Floss is highly autobiographical, it isn’t just a reflection of Eliot’s life. Maggie, after al l, never runs off with the man she loves. In a lot of ways, Maggie is the version of Eliot that didn’t break off with her family and strike out on her own. So The Mill on the Floss doesn’t directly reflect Eliot’s actual life.The novel spans a period of 10 to 15 years, from Tom’s and Maggie’s childhood up until their deaths in a flood on the floss. Maggie is the central character of the book. The story begins when she is 9 years old. Her relationship with her older brother Tom, her romantic relationship with Philip Wakem, a hunchbacked, sensitive and intellectual friend and the relationship with Stephen Guest, a handsome young socialite who is the fiancé of Maggie’s cousin Lucy. All this relationships constitute the most significant narrative threads. Tom and Maggie have a close yet complex bond, which continues throughout the novel. Their relationship is colored byMaggie’s desire to recapture the unconditional love her father provides before his death. Tom’s pragmatic and reserved nature clashes with Mag gie’s idealism and fervor for intellectual gains and experience. The friendship between Maggie and Philip is tested by the two families. Maggie often meets Philip secretly and they walk through the woods. The relationship they forge is founded partially in Maggie’s pity for broken and neglected human beings but it also serves as an outlet for her intellectual romantic desires. Philip’s and Maggie’s attraction is in any case inconsequential because of the family antipathy. When Tom discovers the relationship between the two he forces his sister to renounce Philip. Several more years pass, during which Mr. Tulliver dies, Lucy invites Maggie to come and stay with her and experience the life of cultures leisure that she enjoys. That includes long hours with Lucy’s suitor, Stephen Guest. Stephen and Maggie against their rational judgments become attracted to each other. Tom renounces Maggie and roughly drives her away. Eventually, the brother and sister reconcile with each other in the river flood and they are drowned together in the floss.Like other novels by George Eliot, The Mill on the Floss articulates the tension between circumstances and the energies of individual characters struggling against those circumstances. A certain determinism is throughout the novel from Mr Tulliver's inability to keep himself from "going to law" and thereby losing his floss and bankrupting his family, to the series of events which sets Maggie and Stephen down the river and past the point of no return. People such as Mr Tulliver are presented as unable to determine their own course rationally. On the other hand, Maggie's ultimate choice not to marry Stephen and to suffer both the privation of his love and the ignominy of their elopement demonstrates a final triumph of free will. Critics assert that Maggie's need for love and acceptance is her underlying motivation throughout The Mill on the Floss and the conflicts that arise in the novel often stem from her frustrated attempts at gaining this acceptance.In addition, at the Victorian era the status of woman is low. The life of them is generally centered on family and the only role of them is to get married, have children,please their husbands and look after the homely chores. The young women were mainly educated in accomplishments like drawing, painting, singing and dancing, everything which helped them to get a perfect suitor. But the men had the opportunity to study subjects of an extended, classical nature. Women were rarely given the opportunity to attend university.As a woman of exceptional intelligence and life experience, George Eliot shows a particular concern for the destiny of women, especially those with great intelligence, potential and social aspirations. In her mind, the pathetic tragedy of women lies in their birth. Their inferior education and limited social life determine that they must depend on men for sustenance and realization of their goals and they have only to fulfill the domestic duties. So she hopes that the woman can have the equal status as the man have. Thus she uses her pen to gain more rights for the woman.。
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Classical sentences
As conceited man is like the cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
一位自高自大的人，就像是一只公鸡，它以为太 阳上升，是为了聆听它的啼声。
I like not only to be loved, but to be told I am loved. The realm of silence is large enough beyond the grave.
我不但喜欢被人爱，还喜欢有人告诉爱上了我； 沉默的领域，大得足以超出了坟墓。
The golden moments in the stream of life rush past us, and we see nothing but sand; the angels come to visit us, and we only know them when they're gone.
The Mill on the Floss
——George Eliห้องสมุดไป่ตู้t
Mary Ann Evans
Born: 22 November 1819 Died: 22 December 1880 (aged 61) Pen name: George Eliot Occupation: Novelist Period: Victorian Works: Adam Bede 《亚当· 比德》 The Mill on the Floss 《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》 Silas Marne 《织工马南传》 Daniel Deronda 《丹尼尔· 德龙达》 Romola 《罗慕拉》 The Lifted Veil 《撩起的面纱》
生命长河中的黄金时刻转瞬即逝，我们除了沙子 什么也没有看到。天使们曾来看望我们，而他们 离去之后我们才知晓。
What greater thing is there for two human souls than to feel that they are joined for life--to strengthen each other in all labor, to rest on each other in all sorrow, to minister to each other in all pain, to be one with each other in silent, unspeakable memories.
Maggie Philip Tom
Brief introduction
Maggie is the central character of the book. The story begins when she is 9 years old. Her relationship with her older brother Tom, and her romantic relationships with Philip, a hunchbacked, sensitive, and intellectual friend, and with Stephen, fiancéof Maggie's cousin Lucy. As Maggie approaches adulthood, her spirited temperament brings her into conflict with her family, her community, and her much-loved brother Tom. Still more painfully, she finds her own nature divided between the claims of moral responsibility and her passionate hunger for self-fulfillment. Maggie and Tom all drowned in the Floss.
The Mill on the Floss
Major characters Maggie Tulliver- young female protagonist Tom Tulliver- Maggie’s brother Mrs Bessy Tulliver- Maggie and Tom’ mother Mr Tulliver- Maggie and Tom’s father, owner of the Mill Philip Waken- hunchbacked classmate of Tom, and friend/suitor to Maggie Stephen Guest- suitor to Maggie
乔治·艾略特乔治·艾略特原名玛丽·安·伊万斯，出生在华威郡一个中产 阶级商人家庭（父亲曾是木匠，后暴发成为房地产商人）。三十几岁时，她因 翻译工作而开始文学生涯，她认识了一生的挚爱路易士，路易士已有妻室，但 艾略特依旧不顾外在压力，与其同居；两人随后迁居德国；回国后，虽不见容 于当时社会，但两人仍恩爱幸福，在工作与生活中，相互扶持。 由于曾在两所宗教气息浓厚的学校就读，艾略特受宗教影响颇深；平日最喜 研究语言，拉丁文、法文、德文、意大利文、希伯来文、希腊文皆能通晓。她 一生笃信宗教，却依然极富怀疑精神，1841年，随父迁居考文垂，结识自由思 想家查尔斯·布雷，受其著作影响，艾略特遂放弃基督教，强烈质疑宗教。因 之，在其著作中，偶见其对宗教的理性批判。因为爱人路易士的鼓励，艾略特 年近四十岁才开始写作，发表文章于杂志上；1859年，才真正发表她的第一部 长篇小说《亚当·比德》，这部小说一年内再版了八次，广受欢迎；1859年后 发表《织工马南传》与《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，奠定了在英国文坛的地位。 艾略特虽相貌平凡，但情感路上却仍有深刻真挚之真情相伴。爱人路易士对 其影响甚钜，二人挚爱弥坚，1878年，路易士去世，艾略特痛不欲生，但仍发 奋完成爱人之遗作；两年后，艾略特更下嫁小她二十岁的约翰·克劳斯（John Cross），二人情深意浓，但艾略特却在同年十二月便病故了，结束了她平凡却 又丰富的一生。
还有什么比两个灵魂相依相偎更伟大？他们在辛劳 中彼此鼓舞，在悲伤中互相依靠，在痛苦中相互搀 扶，在沉默不语、无可言表的记忆中融为一体。
Thank you!