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(完整word版)虚拟语气用法详解(word文档良心出品)

(完整word版)虚拟语气用法详解(word文档良心出品)

虚拟语气用法详解一、条件句中的虚拟语气1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。

条件句中的2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话,他就会充分利用他的时间了。

If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话,他会通知我们一声。

(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的。

If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉。

(3)过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你了。

If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿,我就会会到了李先生。

3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题(1)当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be时,可用was 代替were。

但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were 中,只能用were。

如:Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习。

If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会。

(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结

(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结

虚拟语气用法小结一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件何.在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。

如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it。

如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。

(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。

)1。

在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。

虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:2。

错综时间条件句:有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now。

如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。

(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)3。

省略连词if (倒装)。

在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或 should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装.Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it。

Were I to meet him tomorrow (= if I were to met him tomorrow), I should ask him about it。

要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。

Had I had the money last year (= if I had had the money last year), i would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了.Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话,自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给.4。

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

虚拟语气的用法总结语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

语气的种类:(1 )陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。

如We are ready. What a fine day it is!(2 )祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。

如Ope n the door, Please.应注意以下几点:1. 主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用don ot或者don'加动词原形(或be)女口Be careful next time. Don 'smoke here.2. 有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es如You be quiet.He sta nd up.3. 祈使语气可以用do加强语气女口Do come to see this Sunday.4. 在Let's的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we ;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you女口Let' goout for a walk after supper , shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you?5. 祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。

如Think hardand you will have a good idea.(3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。

女口If I were you, I should study En glish.一. 虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。

如If it doesn S rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,它用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与过去事实相反的假设或愿望。

虚拟语气不仅存在于从句中,也可以出现在主句中。

虽然虚拟语气的用法较为多样,但是掌握其基本规则能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。

本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。

一、过去时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句当表示与现实相反的假设或条件时,使用虚拟条件句。

这种句子通常包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句,条件从句使用过去完成时,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。

例如:- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试。

)- If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.(如果我知道你要来,我就会准备晚餐。

)2. 虚拟表达愿望或建议当表达与现实相反的愿望或建议时,使用虚拟语气,即将过去时态的动词形式改为"would"加动词原形。

例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。

)- She suggested that he take a bus.(她建议他坐公交车。

)二、现在时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句与过去时的虚拟条件句类似,现在时的虚拟条件句也包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句。

条件从句使用"were to"结构或"should"加动词原形,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。

例如:- If I were to win the lottery, I would travel the world.(如果我中了彩票,我会周游世界。

(word完整版)虚拟语气表格归纳,推荐文档

(word完整版)虚拟语气表格归纳,推荐文档
例:原句:If she were younger,she,would do it.
去if:Were she younger,she,would do it.
虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中
1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑,谓语动词用过去式。
2.表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时。
在“It is (was)+名词+that…..”结构句中的虚拟语气
表示建议,命令,请求,道歉,怀疑,惊奇等。
这类名词有:advice,decision,desire,demand,idea,order,pity,proposal,recommendation,suggestion,surprise,wish,wonder等。
3.表示与将来事实相反
注意:1.在as if/as though句中,如果有可能成为事实,用陈述语气。例:He looks as if he going to be ill.
2.as though或as if引导的状语从句,从句主语和主句主语相同时,从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。
虚拟语气用在lest,for fear that,so that及in order that引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防,以免”等意思
表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气
2.也可以用陈述语气。
例:They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon..
“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句,也可以用虚拟语气
(should)+动词原型
例:1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow.

(word完整版)高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结,推荐文档

(word完整版)高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结,推荐文档

①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。

如:If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②i f省略句在条件句中可以省略if,把were, had, should提到句首,变成倒装句式。

如:If I were at school again, I would study harder. T Were I at school aga in, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力学习。

If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.T Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点,你就能赶上公共汽车。

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climb ing.T Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话,我们就不能登山去了。

③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。

如:What would you do with a million dollars ? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元,你会做什么?We couldn 't have finished the work ahead of time without your help . (=if we hadn 'tgot your help)没有你的帮助,我们不可能提前完成这项工作。

完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳

完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳

完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳.虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。

虚拟条件句虚拟条件句是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设。

所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反,或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种:与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,以及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

具体情况请看下表:例句:1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now。

I would lend it to you.If I were you。

I would tell him my true feelings.If I were a boy。

I would join the army.If she had time。

she would go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had XXX your advice。

XXX't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had XXX my advice。

he would have XXX.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were Sunday tomorrow.If he were given another chance to do it again。

he could XXX.If it were to rain tomorrow。

the football match would be postponed.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。

(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。

(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。

(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。

(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。

I would have been able to meet her。

(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。

he would not have made such a mistake。

(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。

I would talk to him。

(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。

orders。

requests。

etc。

the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。

with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。

英语虚拟语气的语法归纳(优秀4篇)

英语虚拟语气的语法归纳(优秀4篇)

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虚拟语气用法归纳完整版

虚拟语气用法归纳完整版

虚拟语气用法归纳英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。

不同的语气用动词的不同形式(有的还借助句法形式)来表示。

一、虚拟条件句条件句有两类:一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语用陈述语气。

If you don 'work hard, you will fail.If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在,则为虚拟语气虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表:1•与现在事实相反的虚拟What would you do if you won the lottery?If I were you, I would seize the cha nee to go abroad.If I had a lot of money no w, I would travel around the world.2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟If you had bee n here yesterday, you would have see n her.If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟If it were to rain/should rai n/rai ned tomorrow, our pla n would be put off.If we were to pic nic, we would not be able to help.二、错综、混合虚拟语气通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。

混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。

(完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

(完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood)用法归纳第一部分:语气的定义和种类1、语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类⑴陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

如:①There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。

②Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗?③How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊!⑵祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。

如:①Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。

②Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。

⑶虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如:①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

③May you succeed! 祝您成功!第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。

如:⑴Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗?⑵It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。

二、表祝愿。

1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。

如:⑴May good luck be yours! 祝你好运!⑵May you be happy! 祝你快乐!⑶May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就!⑷May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

完整word版,情态动词和虚拟语气用法简表及总结,推荐文档

完整word版,情态动词和虚拟语气用法简表及总结,推荐文档

补充:1.根据情态动词表推测的确信程度大小可作如下排序:must>will>would>ought to>should>can>could>may>might2.shall的用法:(1)shall用于一、三人称疑问句中,表示征求对方的同意或向对方请示。

(2)shall用于二、三人称的陈述句中,表示说话人的允诺、保证、命令、威胁、警告、决心或者法律规章上的指示和规定等。

eg: ①Shall I open the window?②You shall get a new bike you want very much if you get the first prize in the coming exam.注:shall,will表示命令时的区别。

⑴shall指法律、规章、制度上的“必须”。

常用于正式文件中。

⑵will指责任、义务上的“必须”。

常用于日常交际中。

eg:①Each competitor shall wear a number.②No one will leave the examination room before ten o'clock.3.should的用法:⑴表意外,指说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外或惊异,意为“竟然,竟会”。

⑵表推测,指确定的或可能有的未来或希望,意为“应该”。

⑶表可能,常用在if条件句中,强调某事的可能性,意为“要是,万一”。

eg:①I am surprised that you should speak like that.②They should be ready by 12:00.③If he should come,please let me know.4.would与used to的区别(1)二者都可表示过去重复的习惯动作。

(2)表示过去的状态,只能用used to,不能用would.(3)used to强调过去与现在的对比,而would只表示过去习惯的动作,常与often、every day等状语连用。

(完整word版)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解(word文档良心出品)

(完整word版)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解(word文档良心出品)

高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气1. 语气的定义和种类(1)语气的定义语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

(2)语气的种类A. 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a fine day today!B. 祈使语气表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。

Be careful.Don’t forget to clo se the window.Open the door, please.C. 虚拟语气表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

2. 虚拟语气一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类:条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。

真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。

如:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨,我就去野餐。

Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里,油就浮起来。

虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。

条件从句主句与现在事实相违背过去式(动词是be用were)should / would/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相违背had + 过去分词should / would/could/might + have +过去分词与未来事实相违背1) should + 动词原形2) were + 动词不定式3) 过去式(动词是Be也可以用were)should / would/could/might + 动词原形1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should (would, might,could)+动词原形。

虚拟语气用法总结(超好_原创)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好_原创)

虚拟语气概念:谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图,这种形式称为语气。

语气分三种:1.陈述语气:用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法,有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。

He is late for class. What fun!He is not interested in classical music.2.祈使语气:用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等(动词常用原形)Don’t be late!3.虚拟语气:表示说话人所说的不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

一、虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中虚拟条件从句(If) 主句与现在事实相反的假设主语+did/were 主语+should / would/could / might + do与过去事实相反的假设主语+ had done 主语+ should / would/ could / might +have done与将来事实相反的假设主语+1.did主语+should / would/could / might + do2.should do3.were to do1.如果我是你,我会接受他的建议。

If I were you, I would accept his advice.2.如果明天下雨,我会待在家里。

If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.3.如果你以前好好学习,你会通过考试的。

If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.A.drove; didn’t getB.drove; wouldn’t getC.were driving; wouldn’t gethad driven; wouldn’t have got________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.A.Were ShouldC.WouldD. Will注意:1.错综时间虚拟语气当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

虚拟语气的用法总结语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

语气的种类:(1)陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。

如We are ready. What a fine day it is!(2)祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。

如Open the door, Please.应注意以下几点:1.主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形(或be)如Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here.2.有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如Yoube quiet. He stand up.3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如Do come to see this Sunday.4.在Let’s 的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you 如Let’sgo out for a walk after supper,shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you?5.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。

如Think hardand you will have a good idea.(3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。

如If I were you, I should study English.一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。

如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

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虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句,表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气,愿望以及建议,命令,要求等等的情感,往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。

虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后,有可能出现的情况。

虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块,第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。

这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面:基本用法,各自为政,以及含蓄之美。

下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法:通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。

混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。

如何“各自为政”呢?这就像是数学里的排列组合,一边有三种情况,交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。

不管怎样,我们要遵循一个原则,就是“各自为政”。

例如,从句是对过去情况的假设,而主句则是对现在情况的假设,那我们在使用时,从句就用过去完成式,而主句要用would/could do的形式。

当然,也不是所有的AB配就是合理的,有时候在具体语境下,会出现矛盾的情况,这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设,选择合适的形式。

一般而言,主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。

因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。

因此在此类的完成句子练习中,我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设)4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对将来的假设)6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. (从句是对现在的假设,主句是对将来的假设)9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)10. If I were your mother, I would let you go out this weekend. (从句是对现在的假设,主句是对将来的假设)虚拟语气在if引导的条件状语从句中,特别注意虚拟语气与倒装的结合,前提是省略if,这种情况多见于过去和将来的假设,具体表现是将if省略,把had, were, should之类词语提前构成倒装。

例如:Were I you, I would go.Should it happen, what should you do?Had he recognised me, he would have come over.虚拟语气中的“含蓄之美”指的是含蓄虚拟语气。

因为有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现,而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在,常用的词语有without, but for, otherwise, or等等,此时我们可以从意思上推断出虚拟语气的时间(考试时多数情况是对过去的假设)。

But for your encouragement, I would not have been admitted to this university. (过去)Without water, all lives would die. (现在)He felt too tired yesterday, or he would have attended my party. (过去)I was having a meeting, otherwise I would have come to see you off. (过去)虚拟语气的第二模块就是含有should +V的用法,这一部分主要是有关建议和命令的相关从句,包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句以及以之相关的形式主语宾语之类的从句。

这一部分的词主要有常见的动词有advise, suggest, insist, order, require, recommend, command以及相关名词等等。

记忆口诀:一个坚持(insist),两个命令(order, command),三个建议(suggest, advise, recommend),四个要求(ask, require, demand, request)。

1. 宾语从句的虚拟语气He insisted that the meeting be put off.The general ordered (that) all the soldiers (should ) leave.He gives orders that the soldiers (should) leave.2. 表语从句的虚拟语气My suggestion is that we (should) stay here for a rest.3. 同位语从句的虚拟语气There is no suggestion that she (should) resign.4. 主语从句的虚拟语气主要体现在It做形式主语的三种情况:It’s +p.p +that ;It’s + adj. +that;It’s + n. +that常用的动词recommand, demand, desire, order, request, require, suggest,command常用的形容词important, necessary, right, advisable, natural, strange, surprising, regretful,urgent, vital, insistent, essential常用的名词duty, pity, no surpise, no wonder, shame, regret其实这些词在句子中其实也有建议命令类似的的意思It’s important that you should take the medicine.It’s a pity that you should refuse the invitation.It’s essential that we should learn some knowledge about fist aid.It’s demanded that all the students should go to the playground.It was suggested that he should join the club activities.5. It为形式宾语的情况实际上是上面形式主语的一种变形,是以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句,it后面的宾语补足语多为形容词或名词,常见词就是上面形式主语后面的那些词。

I consider it vital that he (should) think deeply before acting.We think it necessary that the meeting (should) be put off.6. 某些词语如suggest, insist 等有双重含义,所以在使用的时候要注意什么时候用虚拟语气,什么时候不用虚拟语气。

Her smile suggested that she was in favor of the plan.We insisted that what the boy did was wrong.虚拟语气的第三大模块指的是虚拟语气在特殊句式中的运用。

句这些句式使用的虚拟语气与上面的虚拟语气会有所不同,主要有两种情况:I. would rather, It’s time…, for fear that…would rather在使用时要注意它的不同用法。

因为本身would rather可以直接接动词原形,构成would rather do sth. (than do sth.else); 或者would do sth. rather than do sth.else.而虚拟语气的would rather 是这样使用的would rather sb. did(对现在或将来的假设)/ had done(对过去的假设)I would rather he didn’t go now.They would rather they hadn’t attended the party.It’s (about) (high) time (that)…从句中常用过去式(有时也用should do), 含建议的意思。

汉语的意思为“是该做…的时候了”,也等于It’s time for sb. to do sth.It’s high time (that) we went home.It’s high time that we (should) go home.It’s high time for us to go home.for fear that 后面可以接虚拟语气should do,也可以接其他语气,但依然会有一个情态动词。

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