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2004年11月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案-推荐下载

2004年11月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案-推荐下载

人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2004年11月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points)Part 1 Vocabulary Selection1. The Kyoto Protocol has been designed to ____ the global environmental problems.A. dressB. AddressC. stressD. distress2. Part of the investment is to be used to ____ that old temple to its original splendor.A. restB. RecoverC. replaceD. restore3. The list of things we need to think about which will be ______ by climate change is endless.A. affiliatedB. AffectedC. affirmedD. effected4. Now a single cell phone is able to store a large ____ of information about an individual life.A. dealB. NumberC. amountD. account5. We will not be held responsible for any damage which results ____rough handling.A. fromB. OffC. inD. to6. Our products are displayed in Stand B22, ____ you will find me during office hours.A. whenB. WhichC. thatD. where7. We cannot see any possibility of business _____ your price is on the high side of the prevailing market trend.A. whichB. SinceC. thatD. though8. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event _____ is equal to the probability that it will not occur.A. occurringB. OccurredC. occursD. occur9. “They’re the best team I’ve seen thus far,”says ____ men’s basketball coach Larry Brown.A.American’sC.the USAD.United State of America10. Many Americans do not understand why there is so much international criticism of the US policy on ____ change.A. atmosphereB. SkyC. weatherD. climate11. In order to obtain the needed information, you should write simply, clearly, and concisely ____ the reader wants to know.A. whatB. ThatC. so thatD. which12. Regarding insurance, the ____ is for 110% of the invoice value of the goods that a manufacturer wants to export.A. amountB. CoverC. InsuranceD. premium13. Since the shipment consists of seasonable goods, it is important that it is ____ as soon as possible.A. deletedB. DemandedC. deliveredD. detached14. The long service of decades of the to-be-retired with the company was ____ a present each from the President.A. confirmed byB. recorded inC. acknowledged withD. appreciated for15. Home to magnates and gangsters, refugees and artists, the city was, in its ____ a metropolis thatexhibited all the hues of the human character.A. primeB. PrimaryC. privacyD. probation16. Buildings in the southeast of the UK are going to have to be constructed ____ those in Scotland if the report findings are correct.A. asB. LikeC. likelyD. are like17. The state of Michigan now requires sports fans to make an annual ____ of $125 to $500 a seat to keep their end zone perches at Michigan Stadium.A. tributaryB. attributionC. contributionD. distribution18. The possibilities for ____ energy sources, including solar power, wind power, geothermal power, water power and even nuclear energy promise greatly to the earthlings.A. altitudeB. AlternateC. alternatingD. alternative19. Americans who consider themselves ____ in the traditional sense do not usually hesitate to heap criticism in domestic matters over what they believe is oppressive or wasteful.A. pedestrianB. penchantC. PatrioticD. patriarch20. The countries that are being blamed for the extra greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are the rich and developed countries. On a different ____, the developing countries feel they will suffer the most of it.A. nodB. NoteC. normD. notionPart 2 Vocabulary Replacement21. He remained calm in the face of the impending danger.A. terrificB. TrivialC. astonishingD. imminent22. “Holmes!” I whispered. “What on earth are you doing in this disgusting place?”A. humbleB. UnpleasantC. underprivilegedD. noisy23. The futility of the program resulted from poor planning.A. possible failure in the futureB. ineffectiveness and uselessnessC. blindness to its mistakesD. potential disaster24. Construction of the gigantic office building in this city was for years intermittentA. stopping and starting at intervalsB. something that will happen soonC. being watched with keen interestD. anything that comes and goes25. Although many modifications have been made in it, the game known in the United States as football can be traced directly to the English game of rugby.A. rulesB. ChangesC. demandsD. leagues26. Your silence implies countenancing his abject behavior; therefore please clarify your stand to him.A.supportingB.ObscuringC.concealingD.assisting27. The graduate committee must be in full accord in their approval of a dissertation.A. indecisiveB. SullenC. vocalD. unanimous28. We regret being unable to entertain your request for providing free boarding to 15 sportsmen for two weeks.A. receiveB. ComplyC. coincideD. consider29. Justices of the peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses.A. superiorityB. AuthorityC. guidanceD. consider30. One of the things we have to do to prevent a pandemic is to make sure people understand and know what they can do to minimize the commotion.A. commandB. CollusionC. turmoilD. tutelage31. One of the effective ways to lessen environmental pollution is the reservation and protection of more swamps.A. vast thick coralsB. pockets of wet landC. warm volcanoesD. millions of bees and wasps32. The word “wrath”in The Grapes of Wrath by the Nobel Prize winner John Steinbeck probably means:A. great angerB. large crowdsC. hard laborD. sudden storms33. The artist spent years on his monumental painting, which covered the whole roof of the church, the biggest in the country.A. archaicB. SentimentalC. OutstandingD. entire34. The ancient Jewish people regarded themselves as the salt of the earth, the chosen few by God to rule the world.A. outcastB. EliteC. nomadD. disciple35. Many of the electric and electronic products we purchase and consume today are what some industrial experts call “homogenous toys”.A.identicalB.HomosexualC.unrelatedD.distinguishablePart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 15 sentences in which there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36. An “epigram” is usually descried as a bright or witty thought that is tersely and ingeniously expressed.A. describedB. DiscardedC. deservedD. disconcerted37. Human beings are superior to animals that they can use language as a tool of communication.A. in thatB. in whichC. for thatD. for which38. The Xinjiang Airlines serve passengers and customers in the southeast of China only.A. servesB. to serveC. servingD. service39. The senior senator has in the past three terms both experienced the sweet taste of success and the bitterness of defeat in his legislation fights with his opponents.A. both experiencesB. experiences bothC. experience bothD. experienced both40. Our company has been made one of the largest manufacturers in the field of chemical industry.A. become, inB. made, in field ofC. became, in the fieldD. been made of, in41. Daylight saving time was instituted to increase productivityA. reorganizedB. StartedC. encouragedD. taught42. Many students agreed to come, but some students against because they said they don’t have time.A. did not because they say they did notB. were against because they say they don’tC. did not because they said they did notD. were against coming because they said they don’t43. Some of the Low-end Made-in-China mechanical-electronic products are not selling well in export market as compared with what are termed as high-end ones.A. on export marketB. in exporting marketC. in exported marketD. in the export market44. Construction is expanding all over China, no doubt many materials will be needed at a very big amount in future.A. China, no doubt many materials will be needed for a very big amountB. China, no doubt many materials will be needed in a very big amount C. China, no doubt many materials will be needed in large amounts D. China, no doubt many materials will be needed for large amounts45. The recent conference on the effective use of the seas and oceans was another attempt resolving major differences among countries with conflicting interests.A. resolveB. ResolvesC. to resolveD. being resolved46. Water makes up some 70 percentage points of the body, and drinking enough water — either tap water or expensive mineral water — will ensure that the body is properly lubricated and flushed.A. per-centB. per capitaC. percentD. percentage47. “We’re not bringing in millions of dollars,” says a director of development. “But we want to make sure the demand is there before we act to the project.”A. ofB. OffC. onD. for48. By using new foreign textbooks, we could not only learn the right expression of business ideas, but also we will know the lastest developments in the business world.A. but also will know the lastestB. but also know the lastestC. but also know the latestD. but also come to know the latest49. The affluent middle class created by the Asian boom now take up over from exports as the main engine of growth.A. take over from exportsB. take from exportsC. take exportsD. takes exports50. Japan and the newly industrialized countries are passing labor-intensive sects as garmentmaking over to less developed nations and moving into advanced technology and services.A. sects likeB. sectors likeC. sections asD. sections such asSection 2: Reading Comprehension (50 points)In this section you will find after each of the passage a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 70 minutes. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was set up in 1988 to assess information on climate change and its impact. Its Third Assessment Report predicts global temperature rises by 2100 of between 1.4℃ and 5.8℃. Although the issue of the changing climate is very complex and some changes are uncertain, temperature rises are expected to affect countriesthroughout the world and have a knock-on effect with sea-level rises. Scientists have argued about whether temperature rises are due to human activities or due to natural changes in our environment. The IPCC announced in 2001 that “most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is likely to be attributable to human activities”. This was a more forceful statement than in1996 when the Second Assessment Report stated that there was a “discernible human influence on the climate” which was the first time they had concluded such a link. Many experts believe the faster the climate changes, the greater the risk will be. Key points of the projections for climate change globally include that by the second half of the 21st century, wintertime rainfall in the northern mid to high latitudes and Antarctica will rise, that meanwhile Australia, Central America and southern Africa are likely to see decreases in autumn precipitation, that some land areas in the tropics will see more rainfall, and that there will generally be more hot days over land areas.51. IPCC probably does not ______.A. analyse climate change informationB. record weather changes on its premisesC. predict what is to happen to the earthD. collect weather date from many countries52. According to the passage, a Chinese city that recorded 45 degrees Celsius at noon on August 4,2004, will most probably witness a temperature measuring _____ at 12:00 sharp in the year of 2100.A. 46.1℃B. 1.4℃C. 5.8℃D. a number that I do not know53. According to the author, climate researchers _____.A. are quite sure about why it’s getting hotter and hotterB. declared that we humans are the cause why it’s getting hotterC. have discussed the possible cause why it’s hotterD. have claimed that changes in nature are the roots of hot days54. Based on the text, we know that temperature rises will probably _____.A. knock off sea levelsB. have a serious effect on sea-level risesC. keep the sea level risingD. keep knocking at the sea55. The IPCC announcement three years ago that “most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is” _____.A. possibly due to human activitiesB. possibly because human activitiesC. due to likely human activitiesD. human activities likely attributable56. Which statement was more forceful?A. “Global temperature will rise by 2100 between 1.4℃ and 5.8℃”.B. “Temperature rises are expected to affect countries throughout the world”.C. “Most of the warming is likely to be attributable to human activities”.D. “There was a “discernible human influence on the climate”.57. The Second Assessment Report was released ____ years ago.A. fiveB. SixC. sevenD. eight58. “Such a link” in the passage refers most probably to _____.A. IPCC and climate changesB. global temperatures and sea levelsC. natural changes and human activitiesD. human activities and temperature rises59. “The risk” mentioned in the text probably refers to _____.A. a possibility that there will be more climate changesB. a potential that sea level will possibly keep risingC. temperature rises that are expected to affect all countriesD. a prediction warning human beings not to ruin the environment60. Obviously, the word “precipitation” most probably refers to _____.A. latitudeB. RainfallC. temperatureD. projection Now which are the animals really to be pitied in captivity? First, those clever beings whose lively urge for activity can find no outlet behind the bars of the cage. This is most conspicuous, even for the uninitiated, in the case of animals which, when living in a free state, are accustomed to roaming about widely. Owing to this frustrated desire, foxes and wolves housed, in many old-fashioned zoos, in cages which are far too small, are among the most pitiable of all caged animals. Though pinioned swans generally seem happy, under proper care, by hatching and tearing their young without any trouble, at migration time things become different: they repeatedly swim to the lee side of the pond, in order to have the whole extent of its surface at their disposal, trying to take off. Again and again the grand preparations end in a pathetic flutter of their half wings; a truly sorry picture! This, however, rarely awakens the pity of the zoo visitor, least of all when such an originally highly intelligent and mentally alert animal has deteriorated, in confinement, into a crazy idiot, a very caricature of its former self. Sentimental old ladies, the fanatical sponsors of the societies for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, have no compunction in keeping a grey parrot in a relatively small cage or even chained to a perch. Together with the large corvines, the parrots are probably the only birds which suffer from that state of mind, common to prisoners, namely, boredom.61. What is an “outlet” in the context of this passage?A. An opportunity for expression.B. A place to let.C. A chance of escape into a woodD. An exit for a marketer.62. What does “the uninitiated” mean?A. People who visit animals in urban zoos.B. People who do not like animals of the wild.C. People who know little about a certain topic.D. People who do not visit zoos every year.63. According to the author in Paragraph 1, what animals suffer most in captivity?A. Climbing animals.B. Hunting animals.C. Parroting animals.D. Singing animals.64. What do you think “hatching and rearing their young” means?A. Raising families.B. Getting on well with smaller birds.C. Behaving like young birds.D. Attacking smaller birds.65. Which is the “lee side” of the pond?A. The side the wind is blowing from.B. The side which is sheltered from a storm.C. The side the wind id blowing towards.D. The side where the water is the deepest.66. According to the author, swans in captivity are ______.A. happy unless their wings have been cutB. happy most of the time, but unhappy sometimesC. unhappy most of the timeD. only happy when they are bringing up families67. What effect does confinement have on clever animals, according to the text?A. They never stop trying to escape.B. They lose all their muscles.C. They become unhygienic.D. They may go mad.68. In Paragraph 3, the expression “have no compunction about” most probably means” have no _____.A. reaction toB. understanding ofC. second thoughts aboutD. enlightenment on69. What does the author say about sentimental old ladies?A. They do not care about animals.B. They hate making animals suffer.C. They enjoy making animals suffer.D. They do not realise the consequences.70. What do you think “large corvines” probably are?A. Another kind of bird.B. Another kind of parrot.C. Another kind of swans.D. Other birds that convince us. The fact that most Americans live in urban areas does not mean that they reside in the center of large cities. In fact, more Americans live in the suburbs of large metropolitan areas than in the cities themselves. The Bureau of the Census regards any area with more than 2,500 people as an urban area, and does not consider boundaries of cities and suburbs. According to the Bureau, the political boundaries are less significant than the social and economic relationships and the transportation and communication systems that integrate a locale. The term used by the Bureau for an integrated metropolis is an MSA, which stands for Metropolitan Statistical Area. In general, an MSA is any area that contains a city and its surrounding suburbs and has a total population of 50,000 or more. At the present time, the Bureau reports more than 280 MSAs, which together account for 75 percent of the US population. In addition, the Bureau recognizes 18 megapolises, that is, continuous adjacent metropolitan areas. One of the most obvious megapolises includes a chain of hundreds of cities and suburbs across 10 states on the East Coast from Massachusetts to Virginia, including Boston, New York, and Washington, D.C. In the Eastern Corridor, as it is called, a population of 45 million inhabitants is concentrated. Another megapolis that is growing rapidly is the California coast from San Francisco through Los Angeles to San Diego.71. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Metropolitan Statistical AreasB. Types of Population CentersC. The Bureau of the CensusD. Megapolises72. According to the passage, where do most Americans live?A. In the center of cities.B. In the suburbs surrounding large cities.C. In rural areas.D. In small towns.73. The underlined word “reside” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.A. fillB. DecideC. occupyD. live74. According to the Bureau of the Census, what is an urban area?A. A chain of adjacent cities.B. An area with at least 50,000 people.C. The 18 largest cities.D. An area with 2,500 people or more.75. Which of the following are NOT considered important in defining an urban area?A. Political boundaries.B. Transportation networks.C. Social relationships.D. Economic systems.76. The underlined word “integrate” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.A. benefitB. DefineC. uniteD. restrict77. Which of the following is NOT true?A. An integrated metropolis is an MSA.B. MSA stands for MetropolitanStatistical Area.C. A metropolis includes at least a metropolitan.D. An MSA refers to city and its suburbs, with over 50,000 people.78. The underlined word “adjacent” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.A. beside each otherB. growing very fastC. the same sizeD. densely populated79. According to the passage, what is a megapolis?A. One of the 10 largest cities in the United States.B. One of the 18 largest cities in the United States.C. One of the 100 cities between Boston and Washington.D. Any number of continuous adjacent cities and suburbs.80. Why does the author mention the Eastern Corridor and the California coast in Paragraph 4?A. As examples of megapolises.B. Because 75 percent of the population lives there.C. To conclude the passage.D. The Bureau of the Census is located there. “What does the middleman do but add to the price of goods in the shops?” Such remarks are aimed at the intermediate operations between manufacturers and final customers. This practice usually attracts a lot of attention from the public and the press and the operation most talked about is what is often called wholesaling. The wholesaler buys goods in large quantities from the manufacturers and sells them in smaller parcels to retailers, and for this service his selling price to the retailer is raised several percent higher. But his job is made more difficult by retail demand not necessarily running level with manufacturers’production. Because he adjusts or regulates the flow of goods by holding stock until required, he frees the manufacturer, to some extent, from the effect on production of changing demand and having to bear the whole risk. The manufacture can then keep up a steady production flow, and the retailer has no need to hold heavy stocks, who can call on the wholesaler for supplies any time. This wholesale function is like that of a valve in a water pipe. The middleman also bears part of the risk that would otherwise fall on the manufacturer and also the retailer. The wholesaler provides a purely commercial service, for which he is too well rewarded. But the point that is missed by many people is that the wholesaler is not just someone adding to the cost of goods. It is true one could eliminate the wholesaler but one would still be left with his function: that of making sure that goods find their way to the people who want them.81. “Middleman” in the passage almost equals to all the following in meaning EXCEPT _____.A. go-betweenB. IntermediaryC. manufacturerD. wholesaler82. “This practice” in Paragraph 1 most probably refers to the fact that the middleman _____.A. increases the prices in the shopsB. buys from you and sells to meC. aims remarks at manufacturersD. interferes with end user customers83. The wholesaler obtains higher selling prices for _____.A. small parcels he sellsB. goods he buys in bulkC. the service he providesD. the information he offers84. A middleman’s work may become difficult because _____.A. manufacturers run their production on a much higher levelB. market demand may not be the same as industrial productionC. retailers are not necessary in running their retailing businessD. retailers demand lower levels than those demanded by manufacturers85. The wholesaler regulates the flow of goods by _____.A. running level with manufacturers’ productionB. holding down stock of commoditiesC. keeping stock for stronger demandD. adjusting the prices of goods in time86. The middleman relieves the producer of _____.A. fluctuating market demand and staying at riskB. the production of commodities for the retail marketC. some extent of production of changing demandD. storing goods in a warehouse until they are needed87. What function of the wholesaler is compared to a valve?A. Controlling the flow of goods.B. Pushing up demand from retailers.C. Bearing part of the risk for manufacturers.D. Selling goods to retailers.88. Which of the following statement is true?A. People cannot do without the wholesaler’s function.B. The function of the wholesaler does not add to the cost of goods.C. The wholesaler helps to reduce the price of goods in shops.D. The wholesaler is well paid for his commercial service.89. The author quite possibly believes that the function of the wholesaler is _____.A. good but too costlyB. necessary but harmfulC. removable but necessaryD. acceptable but unnecessary90. Which of the following titles is most appropriate for this passage?A. The Greedy WholesalersB. The Wholesalers in the Public EyeC. A Retail Market with WholesalersD. Can We Do without the Wholesaler? This is offered as a textbook illustration of the principle that voters are far shrewder than most politicians believe. This case study highlighting Washington’s inability to fool anyone is based on a recent survey of the attitudes of people on Medicare about their new prescription-drug benefit. Last fall, when Congress added prescription-drug coverage to Medicare, the new law was hailed as a political masterpiece. Congressional Democrats, who overwhelmingly opposed the bill, thundered that they, too, were eager to provide a drug subsidy and smaller incentives to health insurers to participate. Liberals such as Sen. Edward Kennedy were confident that the drug bill, with plenty of holes in its benefit formulas, would inevitably be expanded around the time it took effect. Not many in Congress seemed troubled that the federal budget was deep in deficit, the nation was saddled with future expenditures for the Irap war and virtually no health care expert believed that the legislation would fit into its projected $400-billion-over-10-years cost framework. The new law was a cynical bargain that had more to do with the 2004 election than a rational approach to the prescription-drug needs of the nation’s elderly. The prescription-drug legislation seems a compromise between competing ideologies inserted into a fixed congressional budget. Put another way, it was sausage-stuffing in the guise of lawmaking. And, what no one anticipated was the reaction of the elderly, a group that votes in disproportionate numbers.91. The passage you are reading is the beginning part of a report in the original. Then, what is “This”, the first word, most probably referring to?A. An offered illustration.B. Part of a textbook on politics.C. What the author is going to write.D. The principle that voters are shrewder than mostpoliticians believe.92. Also found in Paragraph 1, what does “this case study” probably refer to?A. A case study the writer is to talk about.B. Part of a textbook on politics.C. What the author is going to write.D. Washington’s inability to fool anyone.93. Based on a recent survey of the attitudes of people on Medicare is _____.A. the capital city of the United States of AmericaB. a textbook on American politicsC. what the author is going to writeD. a statement that the American government cannot fool its people94. “Congress added prescription-drug coverage to Medicare”most probably means that the Congress of the USA decided to _____. A. add prescription-drugs to the Medicare program B. allow the Medicare program to provide refunding subsidies to selected medicines to be purchased by Medicare members C. increase payment to Medicare for refunding Americans buying prescription medicines D. provide insurance to prescription drugs purchased by Medicare participants95. Below are four groups of terms that are found in the passage. Which group contains at least one term that does not refer to the same things as the other terms within the group?A. the new law, the bill, the drug bill, the prescription-drug legislation, the legislationB. prescription-drug coverage, the new law, the drug bill, the prescription-drug legislation, the legislationC.the drug bill, the bill, Medicare with prescription-drug coverage added, the prescription-drug legislation, the legislationD. the new law, the bill, the drug bill, Medicare with additions including prescription-drug coverage, the prescription-drug legislation96. Democratic Congressmen suggested that the government should _____.A. be enthusiastic in providing a drug benefit to the peopleB. oppose the new legislation with thundering protestsC. give more money, so to speak, to medicine markers and retailersD. provide financial assistance to people wanting to buy life insurance97. Paragraph 3 reflects basically the views and comments of _____.A. Congressional DemocratsB. many other Liberals in the CongressC. Sen. Edward KennedyD. the author of the passage98. According to the text, some health care experts believed that _____.A. the new law had a 10-year budget of about $400 billion but little was expected for the prescription-drug coverageB. the new law will have to wait another 10 years and cost about $400 billion before it is able to take effectC. the framework of the new legislation would be fit for a project that was to cost $400 billion over the next 10 yearsD. the projected $400-billion-over-10-years cost framework was planned to be budget for the current Iraq war99. Referring to the elderly as summarized in the passage, we can assume that they are _____.A. great in number and most will voteB. great in number but few tend to voteC. few in number and few tend to voteD. few in number but most will vote。

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2004 年 11 月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2004 年 11 月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

Section 1: English-Chinese Translation （英译汉）（ 60 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build.Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean.These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems.Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor.Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term coststo the fishing industry.Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（ 30 points ）Topic 1 （选题一）Most of the world's victims of AIDS live - and, at an alarming rate, die - in Africa. The number of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS （ UNAIDS ）， the special UN agency set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa - where it was called "slim", after the appearance of victims wasting away - within a few years after its emergence was established in the eastern Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.An important part of anti- AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments, nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing （ VCT ） .In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure them.Funds for anti- AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected communities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at least halted.Topic 2 （选题二）As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is too complex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas.Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a global compact, anchored in national policies that take into account local circumstances.Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of local communities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic schooling.In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal basic education by 2006 - nine years ahead of the global target.Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC （ heavily indebted poor countries ） Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program （ PEDP ） .The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share of the national budget going to poverty reduction rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in primary schools.Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned, implemented and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation （汉译英）（ 40 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（ 20 points ）进入新世纪，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂的变化。

05年英语二级笔译真题及答案

05年英语二级笔译真题及答案

05年英语二级笔译真题及答案1. No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, but ____ it is clearthat he was a great artist.A. in the aftermathB. by the timeC. in retrospectD. in thiseventuality 2. Being both spoiled and lazy, he ____ everyone else for his lackof success. A. accused B. charged C. criticized D. blamed3. Your usual teacher has lost his voice and ____ I am taking his placetoday. A. nevertheless B. however C. moreover D. accordingly4. As always when she sang in the bathroom, she ____ the high notes in aspecial A. span out B. belted out C. spread out D. stretch out 5.The prisoner ____ that he had assaulted a policeman. A. denied B.rejected C. contradicted D. refused 6. Only hotel guests have the ____of using the private beach. A. occasion B. possibility C.privilege D. allowance 7. The jury gave a ____ of �Dnot guilty‖.A. sentenceB. judgementC. chargeD. verdict 8. Wearingseat-belts when driving is now ____ by law.A. compulsiveB. forcibleC. compulsoryD. involuntary 9.I‘ll j ust ____ an eye over these figures before you type them. A. toss B. cast C. fling D. throw10. He was facing charges on forgery in a court of law but he hired a good attorney to ____.A. get offB. get throughC. get byD. get away 11. The campers ____ their tent in a sheltered valley. A. established B.installed C. pitched D. fixed 12. A larger brain makes man ____ to animals.A. betterB. superiorC. excelledD. outstanding 13.He was always finding ____ with his daughter‘s friends. A. blame B.error C. mistake D. fault 14. It was too late to ____ of thecontract.A. back outB. back downC. back upD. back away15. She had just ____ the shell of the hard-boiled egg and was starting topeel it off. A. snapped B. cracked C. fractured D. burst16. Children who are praised for their work are always ____ on. A. encouraged B. approved C. inspired D. spurred17. It is impossible for parents to ____ their children from every danger.A. protectB. relieveC. preserveD. conserve18. Even though the main source of ____ exposure for a majority of the human population is the sun, the artificial tanning from sun beds contributes significantly to the total UV risk.A. extra violentB. extra violetC. ultravioletD.ultravirus 19. This is ____ work. It calls for a good eye and a steady hand.A. preciseB. precisionC. exactD. exactness 20. I wouldn‘t trust such a ____ person.A. deceitfulB. deceptiveC. decisiveD. deceive21. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein is famous for his intensely vigorous and exuberant style.A. extremeB. enthusiasticC. prosperousD. nervous22. On a Windows screen, there will roll down many more buttons when youhit the �DTools‖ button.A. castB. casteC. cascadeD. cataract23. In Nathaniel Hawthorne‘s The Scarlet Letter, Reverend Dimmesdale succumbed to Hester‘s charms.A. appealed toB. conversed aboutC. cared nothing forD. yielded to24. So engrossed in his efforts would Gaugin become that he barely noticed the passing of time.A. delighted inB. frustrated byC. expanded byD. involved in 25. One out of five bridges in the United States is outmoded. A. narrow B. obsolete C. illegal D. concrete26. Several theories of evolution had historically preceded that ofCharles Darwin, although he expounded upon the stages of development.A. found fault withB. explained in detailC. outlined brieflyD. offered in published form27. When Akiyama Toyohiro, Japan‘s first astronaut, completed his stintin space, he came back down to earth with more than one worry. A. spellB. slingC. stingD. stink28. Since she did not have time to read the entire play before class, sheread an outline of the plot instead.A. a synonymB. a symmetryC. a synopsisD. a symposium29. Tiny Tim, a character in A Christmas Carol, was a happy little boy inspite of the disability that caused him a weakness in one leg.A. to limpB. to fallC. restD. suffer30. When a hurricane is about to occur, the National Weather Bureau issuesa warning. A. adjacent B. gigantic C. perilous D.imminent31. Rain abates in the fall throughout most of the Appalachian Mountainregion. A. pours B. accumulates C. lessens D.evaporates 32. The thief was apprehended, but his accomplice had disappeared.A. people who saw himB. the person who helped himC. gunsand knives D. stolen goods33. Relaxation therapy teaches one not to fret over small problems. A.worry about B. get involved in C. get angry about C. look for34. Benjamin Franklin was remembered for his good judgement. A.vigilance B. guilty C. sagacity D. resolution35. Mark Anthony‘s eulogy of Caesar at his fun eral is memorably recordedin a play by Shakespeare.A. prayerB. praiseC. biographyD. denunciation36. He had studied hard, he would have been able to pass the exam. A.He had studied harder B. If only he studied more C. Had hestudied harder C. When he studied more37. It was now clear that no such weapons were manufactured and none beenfound. A. was found B. were founded C. has been found D. have been founded38. Whenever we hear of a natural disaster, we feel sympathetic to thepeople to be affected.A. to have affectedB. to have effectedC. who have been effectedD. who have been affected 39. Our programs come second to theirs.A. come second afterB. are second only toC. arefirst except for D. are first place from 40. Our holidayis doomed to failure without you.A. would doomB. would have been doomedC. hadbeen doomed D. has had to be doomed 41. I‘m ratherconcerned how he will take in his school. A. take on B. take upC. take offD. take to 42. You‘ve been so helpful! How can I make upto you? A. make it up to you B. make you up C. makeup it for you D. make up you 43. I don‘t doubt how theplan will be will received. A. that B. which C. if D. whether 44. Trial and error are the source of our knowledge. A. is B. were C. has D. have been45. Some people think more of animals than will of children. A. theyhave B. they had C. they are D. they do46. The belief is the legendary lost continent of Atlantis may someday befound. A. It is believed that B. It is believing thatC. The belief thatD. That belief is47. Because excessively hunting has depleted many wildlife species, gamepreserves are being established.A. excessive huntingB. hunting excessivelyC.The belief that D. they hunted excessively 48. Fewpleasures can equal such of a cool drink on a hot day. A. this B.all this C. that D. all that49. American Indian languages, which differ widely, tended to group manyunits of meaning into multisyllabic words.A. all tendB. and tendC. to tendD. tending50. We are not conscious of the extent of which work provides the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full andempty life. A. to which B. in which C. at which D. bywhichSection 2: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Questions 51 ― 55 are based on the following passage.Congress makes the laws in the United States. It has two parts, which are more or less equal in power. They are known as the House of Representativesand the Senate. The House of Representatives is larger than the Senate whose100 members (two from each state) serve for six years. The 435 members of the House are elected every two years, and the number from each state isdetermined by the population of the state. For example, California, which hasa large population, has 43 representatives, while the State of Nevada has only one.The House and Senate are divided into small groups which take care ofspecial matters such as education or foreign affairs. The most important workof Congress is often done in these groups, which are called subcommittees.According to the Constitution of the United States, a senator must be atleast 30 years old and he must have been a citizen of the United States fornine years at the time of his election. To be elected to the House a personmust be 25 years old and must have been a United States citizen for sevenyears. At the present time, members of Congress include businessmen, farmers, teachers, and especially lawyers. In general, senators are better known than representatives because they are fewer in number and serve for a longer time. Many American presidents served in Congress before they because president.51. In the U.S. Congress, the House of Representatives and the Senate are____. A. not equal. The House is more powerful B. almost equal in powerC. not equal. The Senate is far more powerfulD. different. The House ismore important52. The members of the Senate are elected for ____ years. A. twoB. threeC. fourD. six53. The number of the members in the House from each state ____. A. isfixed, two from each stateB. depends on how many people the state hasC. depends on the size of the stateD. depends on the location of the state54. To be elected to the Senate a person must ____. A. be at least 25 years old B. be at least 30 years oldC. have been a citizen for seven yearsD. be a lawyer55. Which of the following is true?A. A representative serves for two years.B. To become a senator is easier than to become a representative.C. A senator performs his duties for a shorter time than a representativeD. All presidents were representatives and then senators before becoming president of the United States.Questions 56 ― 60 are based on the following passage.Air France SA said Monday that its second-quarter net profit fell 35 percent to ?57 million ($57.4 million), but sales were steady and operating profit surged.Earning before interest and tax, a measure of operating income, gained 86 percent to ?141 million as fuel costs fell costs fell and cargo traffic rose.Air France has been hurt less than rivals such as British Airways PLC and Lufthansa AG by the slowdown on North Atlantic routes following the war on Iraq in 2021 because it has fewer flights in that market.Net income fell as the airline paid deferred taxes that came due. Sales rose 0.9 percent to ?3.2 billion. The carrier lost about ?80 million in revenue because of a four-day strike by pilots in September. An accord was reached tying future pay increases to inflation. The carrier said that first-half fuel costs fell 15 percent to ?680 million. Cargo traffic rose 11 percent in the second quarter, while passenger traffic rose 1.1 percent. Theairline‘s shares gained 87 cents, or 7.7 percent, to close at ?12.11.Separately, Air France and Alitalia SpA agreed to buy 2 percent stakes in each other as Europe‘s second-and sixth-largest airlines deepen their partnership.56. �D?‖in �D?57 million‖ and �D?141 million‖ probably stands for____. A. English B. the euro C. European D. European Currency Unit57. Which of the following is not a cause for Air France‘s earnings torise before interest and tax?A. The drop in fuel cost.B. The rise in cargo traffic.C. The rise inpassenger traffic. D. Its partnership with Alitalia SpA.58. Which of the following is not a trouble confronting Air France? A.Deferred taxes being due. B. The shrinking French market.C. A four-day strike by pilots in September.D. The war on Iraq.59. Wh y did Air France‘s net income fall despite rising sales? A. Becauseit had to pay deferred taxes that came due. B. Because the French market wasshrinking.C. Because of a four-day strike by pilots in September.D. Because theIraqi war had reduced Atlantic flights.60. �DThe carrier lost about ?80 million in revenue because of a four-daystrike by pilots in September‖. What does �Dthe carrier‖ refer to here?A. British Airways PLC.B. Lufthansa AG.C. Air France SA.D. Alitalia SpA.Questions 61 ― 65 are based on the following passage.A. total of 4.6 million digital televisions have been sold, and the salesof HDTV sets have quadrupled since last year. Consumers have bought HDTVsto play their DVDs and to have clearer pictures and wide screens. Only a smallpercentage of the感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

2003.12-2005.11 翻译资格考试二级笔译综合能力及实务真题详解

2003.12-2005.11 翻译资格考试二级笔译综合能力及实务真题详解

2003年12英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题Part1 Summary Writing1.Read the following English passage and then write a Chinese summary of approximately 300 words that expresses its main ideas and basic information (40 points, 50 minutes)Deceptively small in column inches, a recent New Y ork Times article holds large meaning for us in business. The item concerned one Daniel Provenzano, 38, of Upper Saddle River, N.J. Here is the relevant portion:When he owned a Fort Lee printing company called Advice Inc., Mr. Provenzano said he found out that a sales representative he employment had stolen $9,000. Mr. Provenzano said he told the man that ―if he wanted to keep his employment, I would have to break his thumb.‖ He said another Advice employee drove the sales representative to Holy Name Hospital in Teaneck, broke the thumb with a hammer outside the hospital, and then had a car service take the man home after the thumb was repaired.Mr. Provenzano explained that he ―didn‘t want to set an example‖that workers could get away with stealing. The worker eventually paid back $4,500 and kept his job, he said. I know that you‘re thinking: This is an outrage. I, too, was shocked that Provenzano was being prosecuted for his astute management. Indeed, I think his ―modest proposal‖ has a lot to teach managers as they struggle with the problems of our people-centered business environment. Problems such as ….Dealing with the bottom 10%. GE made the system famous, but plenty of companies are using it: Every year you get rid of the worst-evaluated workers. Many managers object that this practice is inhumane, but not dealing with that bottom 10% leads to big performance problems. Provenzano found a kinder, gentler answer. After all, this employee would have been fired virtually anywhere else. But at Advice Inc., he stayed on the job. And you know what? I bet he become a very, very —very —productive employee. For most managers Provenzano‘s innovative response will be a welcome new addition to their executive tool kit. And by the way, ―executive tool kit‖ is clearly more than just a metaphor at Advice Inc.Being the employer of choice. With top talent scarce everywhere, most companies now want to be their industry‘s or their community‘s most desirable. Advice Inc. understood. The employee in question wasn‘t simply disciplined in his supervisor‘s office and sent home. No, that‘s how an ordinary employer would have done it. But at Advice Inc., another employee —the HR manager, perhaps? —took time out his busy day and drove the guy right to the emergency room. And then —the detail that says it all —the company provided a car service to drive the employee home. The message to talented job candidates comes through loud and clear: Advice Inc. is a company that cares.Setting an example to others. An eternal problem for managers is how to let all employees know what happens to those who perform especially well or badly. A few companies actually post everyone‘s salary and bonus on their intranet. But pay is so one-dimensional. At Advice Inc., a problem that would hardly be mentioned at most companies —embezzlement —was undoubtedly the topic of rich discussions for weeks, at least until the employee‘s cast came off. Any employee theft probably went way, way —way —down.When the great Roberto Goizueta was CEO of Coca-Cola he used to talk about this problem of setting examples and once observed, ―Sometimes you must have an execution in the public square!‖ But of course he was speaking only figuratively. If he had just listened to his own words, Goizueta might have been an even better CEO.Differentiation. This is one of Jack Welch‘s favorite concepts —the idea that managers should treat different employees very differently based on performance. Welch liked to differentiate with salary, bonus, and stock options, but now, in what must henceforth be known as the post-Provenzano management era, we can see that GE‘s great management thinker just wasn‘t thinking big enough.This Times article is tantalizing and frustrating. In just a few sentences it opens a whole new world of management, yet much more surely remains to be told. We must all urge Provenzano to write a book explaining his complete managerial philosophy. 2.Read the following Chinese passage and then write an English summary of approximately 250 words that expresses its central ideas and main viewpoints (40 points, 50 minutes)越是对原作体会深刻，越是欣赏原文的每秒，越觉得心长力，越觉得译文远远的传达不出原作的神韵。

11月CATTI二级笔译真题

11月CATTI二级笔译真题

20XX年11月CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文(2017-11-08 20:05:12)转载▼标签：英语翻译英语学习20XX年11月CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文EC Passage 1You’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it's always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.你有过这种经历吗？手机一时放错了地方，忘了在哪，急急忙忙返回寻找；手机从不离身，总是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，时刻准备回复消息，查找内容。

一整天过去了，一旦发现手机没电，简直觉得自己也要没电了。

最新研究揭示了极端“手机依赖症”背后的心理动因：根据依恋理论，手机简直成了我们大多数人小时候恋恋不舍的泰迪熊。

CATTI 二级笔译历年真题以及答案2006至2017

CATTI 二级笔译历年真题以及答案2006至2017

CATTI二级笔译历年真题以及答案英汉翻译八大注意事项陈炳发全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语专家委员会委员有幸多次参与国家人事部组织、外文局实施并管理的全国翻译资格(水平)考试的阅卷、质检工作，我发现，一些考生翻译水平还是不错的，但对于翻译的基本常识缺乏了解，不知道如何规范地处理数字、人名、地名、机构名、缩略语以及其他问题，因而或多或少地影响了个人的成绩。

以下是我收集整理的一些考试中常见的“雷区”，可能对考生提高考试成绩有所助益。

一、数字关于数字用法的问题，国家主管部门已有具体规定，各翻译出版机构以及一些国际组织也有自己的专门规定。

有志于从事翻译职业的人应该对这些有起码的了解。

一般的规定是，对于纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值，无论原文是否使用阿拉伯数字，译文一般用阿拉伯数字。

例如：原文“654,321,000”，译文中照抄“654,321,000”即可;不能译为6亿5千4百32万1千。

原文“fifty million”，可译为“5 000万”;不能译为“五十百万”，或“50百万”。

对于万以上数字，中文一般以“万”和“亿”为单位;原文“half a billion”，可译为“5亿”。

原文“five trucks”，可译为“5辆卡车”;原文“3-4 percent”，可译为“3%-4%”;原文“five percentage points”，可译为“5个百分点”。

原文用英文数字或罗马数字表示的，除纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值的情况外，译文用汉字。

例如：原文“Chapter II”，可译为“第二章”，不能译为“第2章”;原文“Committee of Twenty-four”，可译为“二十四国委员会”，不能译为“24国委员会”;原文“Sixty-fourth Session”，可译为“第六十四届会议”，不能译为“第64届会议”。

在原文中，数字如作为词素构成固定的词、词组、惯用语、缩略语、具有修辞色彩的语句，以及邻近两个数字连用表示概数的情况，则译文中可使用汉字;整数一至十，如果不是出现在具有统计意义的一组数字中，可以用汉字，但要照顾到上下文，以便求得局部体例上的一致。

【VIP专享】2004年11月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案

【VIP专享】2004年11月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案

人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2004年11月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points)Part 1 Vocabulary Selection1. The Kyoto Protocol has been designed to ____ the global environmental problems.A. dressB. AddressC. stressD. distress2. Part of the investment is to be used to ____ that old temple to its original splendor.A. restB. RecoverC. replaceD. restore3. The list of things we need to think about which will be ______ by climate change is endless.A. affiliatedB. AffectedC. affirmedD. effected4. Now a single cell phone is able to store a large ____ of information about an individual life.A. dealB. NumberC. amountD. account5. We will not be held responsible for any damage which results ____rough handling.A. fromB. OffC. inD. to6. Our products are displayed in Stand B22, ____ you will find me during office hours.A. whenB. WhichC. thatD. where7. We cannot see any possibility of business _____ your price is on the high side of the prevailing market trend.A. whichB. SinceC. thatD. though8. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event _____ is equal to the probability that it will not occur.A. occurringB. OccurredC. occursD. occur9. “They’re the best team I’ve seen thus far,”says ____ men’s basketball coach Larry Brown.A.American’sC.the USAD.United State of America10. Many Americans do not understand why there is so much international criticism of the US policy on ____ change.A. atmosphereB. SkyC. weatherD. climate11. In order to obtain the needed information, you should write simply, clearly, and concisely ____ the reader wants to know.A. whatB. ThatC. so thatD. which12. Regarding insurance, the ____ is for 110% of the invoice value of the goods that a manufacturer wants to export.A. amountB. CoverC. InsuranceD. premium13. Since the shipment consists of seasonable goods, it is important that it is ____ as soon as possible.A. deletedB. DemandedC. deliveredD. detached14. The long service of decades of the to-be-retired with the company was ____ a present each from the President.A. confirmed byB. recorded inC. acknowledged withD. appreciated for15. Home to magnates and gangsters, refugees and artists, the city was, in its ____ a metropolis thatexhibited all the hues of the human character.A. primeB. PrimaryC. privacyD. probation16. Buildings in the southeast of the UK are going to have to be constructed ____ those in Scotland if the report findings are correct.A. asB. LikeC. likelyD. are like17. The state of Michigan now requires sports fans to make an annual ____ of $125 to $500 a seat to keep their end zone perches at Michigan Stadium.A. tributaryB. attributionC. contributionD. distribution18. The possibilities for ____ energy sources, including solar power, wind power, geothermal power, water power and even nuclear energy promise greatly to the earthlings.A. altitudeB. AlternateC. alternatingD. alternative19. Americans who consider themselves ____ in the traditional sense do not usually hesitate to heap criticism in domestic matters over what they believe is oppressive or wasteful.A. pedestrianB. penchantC. PatrioticD. patriarch20. The countries that are being blamed for the extra greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are the rich and developed countries. On a different ____, the developing countries feel they will suffer the most of it.A. nodB. NoteC. normD. notionPart 2 Vocabulary Replacement21. He remained calm in the face of the impending danger.A. terrificB. TrivialC. astonishingD. imminent22. “Holmes!” I whispered. “What on earth are you doing in this disgusting place?”A. humbleB. UnpleasantC. underprivilegedD. noisy23. The futility of the program resulted from poor planning.A. possible failure in the futureB. ineffectiveness and uselessnessC. blindness to its mistakesD. potential disaster24. Construction of the gigantic office building in this city was for years intermittentA. stopping and starting at intervalsB. something that will happen soonC. being watched with keen interestD. anything that comes and goes25. Although many modifications have been made in it, the game known in the United States as football can be traced directly to the English game of rugby.A. rulesB. ChangesC. demandsD. leagues26. Your silence implies countenancing his abject behavior; therefore please clarify your stand to him.A.supportingB.ObscuringC.concealingD.assisting27. The graduate committee must be in full accord in their approval of a dissertation.A. indecisiveB. SullenC. vocalD. unanimous28. We regret being unable to entertain your request for providing free boarding to 15 sportsmen for two weeks.A. receiveB. ComplyC. coincideD. consider29. Justices of the peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses.A. superiorityB. AuthorityC. guidanceD. consider30. One of the things we have to do to prevent a pandemic is to make sure people understand and know what they can do to minimize the commotion.A. commandB. CollusionC. turmoilD. tutelage31. One of the effective ways to lessen environmental pollution is the reservation and protection of more swamps.A. vast thick coralsB. pockets of wet landC. warm volcanoesD. millions of bees and wasps32. The word “wrath”in The Grapes of Wrath by the Nobel Prize winner John Steinbeck probably means:A. great angerB. large crowdsC. hard laborD. sudden storms33. The artist spent years on his monumental painting, which covered the whole roof of the church, the biggest in the country.A. archaicB. SentimentalC. OutstandingD. entire34. The ancient Jewish people regarded themselves as the salt of the earth, the chosen few by God to rule the world.A. outcastB. EliteC. nomadD. disciple35. Many of the electric and electronic products we purchase and consume today are what some industrial experts call “homogenous toys”.A.identicalB.HomosexualC.unrelatedD.distinguishablePart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 15 sentences in which there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36. An “epigram” is usually descried as a bright or witty thought that is tersely and ingeniously expressed.A. describedB. DiscardedC. deservedD. disconcerted37. Human beings are superior to animals that they can use language as a tool of communication.A. in thatB. in whichC. for thatD. for which38. The Xinjiang Airlines serve passengers and customers in the southeast of China only.A. servesB. to serveC. servingD. service39. The senior senator has in the past three terms both experienced the sweet taste of success and the bitterness of defeat in his legislation fights with his opponents.A. both experiencesB. experiences bothC. experience bothD. experienced both40. Our company has been made one of the largest manufacturers in the field of chemical industry.A. become, inB. made, in field ofC. became, in the fieldD. been made of, in41. Daylight saving time was instituted to increase productivityA. reorganizedB. StartedC. encouragedD. taught42. Many students agreed to come, but some students against because they said they don’t have time.A. did not because they say they did notB. were against because they say they don’tC. did not because they said they did notD. were against coming because they said they don’t43. Some of the Low-end Made-in-China mechanical-electronic products are not selling well in export market as compared with what are termed as high-end ones.A. on export marketB. in exporting marketC. in exported marketD. in the export market44. Construction is expanding all over China, no doubt many materials will be needed at a very big amount in future.A. China, no doubt many materials will be needed for a very big amountB. China, no doubt many materials will be needed in a very big amount C. China, no doubt many materials will be needed in large amounts D. China, no doubt many materials will be needed for large amounts45. The recent conference on the effective use of the seas and oceans was another attempt resolving major differences among countries with conflicting interests.A. resolveB. ResolvesC. to resolveD. being resolved46. Water makes up some 70 percentage points of the body, and drinking enough water — either tap water or expensive mineral water — will ensure that the body is properly lubricated and flushed.A. per-centB. per capitaC. percentD. percentage47. “We’re not bringing in millions of dollars,” says a director of development. “But we want to make sure the demand is there before we act to the project.”A. ofB. OffC. onD. for48. By using new foreign textbooks, we could not only learn the right expression of business ideas, but also we will know the lastest developments in the business world.A. but also will know the lastestB. but also know the lastestC. but also know the latestD. but also come to know the latest49. The affluent middle class created by the Asian boom now take up over from exports as the main engine of growth.A. take over from exportsB. take from exportsC. take exportsD. takes exports50. Japan and the newly industrialized countries are passing labor-intensive sects as garmentmaking over to less developed nations and moving into advanced technology and services.A. sects likeB. sectors likeC. sections asD. sections such asSection 2: Reading Comprehension (50 points)In this section you will find after each of the passage a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 70 minutes. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was set up in 1988 to assess information on climate change and its impact. Its Third Assessment Report predicts global temperature rises by 2100 of between 1.4℃ and 5.8℃. Although the issue of the changing climate is very complex and some changes are uncertain, temperature rises are expected to affect countriesthroughout the world and have a knock-on effect with sea-level rises. Scientists have argued about whether temperature rises are due to human activities or due to natural changes in our environment. The IPCC announced in 2001 that “most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is likely to be attributable to human activities”. This was a more forceful statement than in1996 when the Second Assessment Report stated that there was a “discernible human influence on the climate” which was the first time they had concluded such a link. Many experts believe the faster the climate changes, the greater the risk will be. Key points of the projections for climate change globally include that by the second half of the 21st century, wintertime rainfall in the northern mid to high latitudes and Antarctica will rise, that meanwhile Australia, Central America and southern Africa are likely to see decreases in autumn precipitation, that some land areas in the tropics will see more rainfall, and that there will generally be more hot days over land areas.51. IPCC probably does not ______.A. analyse climate change informationB. record weather changes on its premisesC. predict what is to happen to the earthD. collect weather date from many countries52. According to the passage, a Chinese city that recorded 45 degrees Celsius at noon on August 4,2004, will most probably witness a temperature measuring _____ at 12:00 sharp in the year of 2100.A. 46.1℃B. 1.4℃C. 5.8℃D. a number that I do not know53. According to the author, climate researchers _____.A. are quite sure about why it’s getting hotter and hotterB. declared that we humans are the cause why it’s getting hotterC. have discussed the possible cause why it’s hotterD. have claimed that changes in nature are the roots of hot days54. Based on the text, we know that temperature rises will probably _____.A. knock off sea levelsB. have a serious effect on sea-level risesC. keep the sea level risingD. keep knocking at the sea55. The IPCC announcement three years ago that “most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is” _____.A. possibly due to human activitiesB. possibly because human activitiesC. due to likely human activitiesD. human activities likely attributable56. Which statement was more forceful?A. “Global temperature will rise by 2100 between 1.4℃ and 5.8℃”.B. “Temperature rises are expected to affect countries throughout the world”.C. “Most of the warming is likely to be attributable to human activities”.D. “There was a “discernible human influence on the climate”.57. The Second Assessment Report was released ____ years ago.A. fiveB. SixC. sevenD. eight58. “Such a link” in the passage refers most probably to _____.A. IPCC and climate changesB. global temperatures and sea levelsC. natural changes and human activitiesD. human activities and temperature rises59. “The risk” mentioned in the text probably refers to _____.A. a possibility that there will be more climate changesB. a potential that sea level will possibly keep risingC. temperature rises that are expected to affect all countriesD. a prediction warning human beings not to ruin the environment60. Obviously, the word “precipitation” most probably refers to _____.A. latitudeB. RainfallC. temperatureD. projection Now which are the animals really to be pitied in captivity? First, those clever beings whose lively urge for activity can find no outlet behind the bars of the cage. This is most conspicuous, even for the uninitiated, in the case of animals which, when living in a free state, are accustomed to roaming about widely. Owing to this frustrated desire, foxes and wolves housed, in many old-fashioned zoos, in cages which are far too small, are among the most pitiable of all caged animals. Though pinioned swans generally seem happy, under proper care, by hatching and tearing their young without any trouble, at migration time things become different: they repeatedly swim to the lee side of the pond, in order to have the whole extent of its surface at their disposal, trying to take off. Again and again the grand preparations end in a pathetic flutter of their half wings; a truly sorry picture! This, however, rarely awakens the pity of the zoo visitor, least of all when such an originally highly intelligent and mentally alert animal has deteriorated, in confinement, into a crazy idiot, a very caricature of its former self. Sentimental old ladies, the fanatical sponsors of the societies for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, have no compunction in keeping a grey parrot in a relatively small cage or even chained to a perch. Together with the large corvines, the parrots are probably the only birds which suffer from that state of mind, common to prisoners, namely, boredom.61. What is an “outlet” in the context of this passage?A. An opportunity for expression.B. A place to let.C. A chance of escape into a woodD. An exit for a marketer.62. What does “the uninitiated” mean?A. People who visit animals in urban zoos.B. People who do not like animals of the wild.C. People who know little about a certain topic.D. People who do not visit zoos every year.63. According to the author in Paragraph 1, what animals suffer most in captivity?A. Climbing animals.B. Hunting animals.C. Parroting animals.D. Singing animals.64. What do you think “hatching and rearing their young” means?A. Raising families.B. Getting on well with smaller birds.C. Behaving like young birds.D. Attacking smaller birds.65. Which is the “lee side” of the pond?A. The side the wind is blowing from.B. The side which is sheltered from a storm.C. The side the wind id blowing towards.D. The side where the water is the deepest.66. According to the author, swans in captivity are ______.A. happy unless their wings have been cutB. happy most of the time, but unhappy sometimesC. unhappy most of the timeD. only happy when they are bringing up families67. What effect does confinement have on clever animals, according to the text?A. They never stop trying to escape.B. They lose all their muscles.C. They become unhygienic.D. They may go mad.68. In Paragraph 3, the expression “have no compunction about” most probably means” have no _____.A. reaction toB. understanding ofC. second thoughts aboutD. enlightenment on69. What does the author say about sentimental old ladies?A. They do not care about animals.B. They hate making animals suffer.C. They enjoy making animals suffer.D. They do not realise the consequences.70. What do you think “large corvines” probably are?A. Another kind of bird.B. Another kind of parrot.C. Another kind of swans.D. Other birds that convince us. The fact that most Americans live in urban areas does not mean that they reside in the center of large cities. In fact, more Americans live in the suburbs of large metropolitan areas than in the cities themselves. The Bureau of the Census regards any area with more than 2,500 people as an urban area, and does not consider boundaries of cities and suburbs. According to the Bureau, the political boundaries are less significant than the social and economic relationships and the transportation and communication systems that integrate a locale. The term used by the Bureau for an integrated metropolis is an MSA, which stands for Metropolitan Statistical Area. In general, an MSA is any area that contains a city and its surrounding suburbs and has a total population of 50,000 or more. At the present time, the Bureau reports more than 280 MSAs, which together account for 75 percent of the US population. In addition, the Bureau recognizes 18 megapolises, that is, continuous adjacent metropolitan areas. One of the most obvious megapolises includes a chain of hundreds of cities and suburbs across 10 states on the East Coast from Massachusetts to Virginia, including Boston, New York, and Washington, D.C. In the Eastern Corridor, as it is called, a population of 45 million inhabitants is concentrated. Another megapolis that is growing rapidly is the California coast from San Francisco through Los Angeles to San Diego.71. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Metropolitan Statistical AreasB. Types of Population CentersC. The Bureau of the CensusD. Megapolises72. According to the passage, where do most Americans live?A. In the center of cities.B. In the suburbs surrounding large cities.C. In rural areas.D. In small towns.73. The underlined word “reside” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.A. fillB. DecideC. occupyD. live74. According to the Bureau of the Census, what is an urban area?A. A chain of adjacent cities.B. An area with at least 50,000 people.C. The 18 largest cities.D. An area with 2,500 people or more.75. Which of the following are NOT considered important in defining an urban area?A. Political boundaries.B. Transportation networks.C. Social relationships.D. Economic systems.76. The underlined word “integrate” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.A. benefitB. DefineC. uniteD. restrict77. Which of the following is NOT true?A. An integrated metropolis is an MSA.B. MSA stands for MetropolitanStatistical Area.C. A metropolis includes at least a metropolitan.D. An MSA refers to city and its suburbs, with over 50,000 people.78. The underlined word “adjacent” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.A. beside each otherB. growing very fastC. the same sizeD. densely populated79. According to the passage, what is a megapolis?A. One of the 10 largest cities in the United States.B. One of the 18 largest cities in the United States.C. One of the 100 cities between Boston and Washington.D. Any number of continuous adjacent cities and suburbs.80. Why does the author mention the Eastern Corridor and the California coast in Paragraph 4?A. As examples of megapolises.B. Because 75 percent of the population lives there.C. To conclude the passage.D. The Bureau of the Census is located there. “What does the middleman do but add to the price of goods in the shops?” Such remarks are aimed at the intermediate operations between manufacturers and final customers. This practice usually attracts a lot of attention from the public and the press and the operation most talked about is what is often called wholesaling. The wholesaler buys goods in large quantities from the manufacturers and sells them in smaller parcels to retailers, and for this service his selling price to the retailer is raised several percent higher. But his job is made more difficult by retail demand not necessarily running level with manufacturers’production. Because he adjusts or regulates the flow of goods by holding stock until required, he frees the manufacturer, to some extent, from the effect on production of changing demand and having to bear the whole risk. The manufacture can then keep up a steady production flow, and the retailer has no need to hold heavy stocks, who can call on the wholesaler for supplies any time. This wholesale function is like that of a valve in a water pipe. The middleman also bears part of the risk that would otherwise fall on the manufacturer and also the retailer. The wholesaler provides a purely commercial service, for which he is too well rewarded. But the point that is missed by many people is that the wholesaler is not just someone adding to the cost of goods. It is true one could eliminate the wholesaler but one would still be left with his function: that of making sure that goods find their way to the people who want them.81. “Middleman” in the passage almost equals to all the following in meaning EXCEPT _____.A. go-betweenB. IntermediaryC. manufacturerD. wholesaler82. “This practice” in Paragraph 1 most probably refers to the fact that the middleman _____.A. increases the prices in the shopsB. buys from you and sells to meC. aims remarks at manufacturersD. interferes with end user customers83. The wholesaler obtains higher selling prices for _____.A. small parcels he sellsB. goods he buys in bulkC. the service he providesD. the information he offers84. A middleman’s work may become difficult because _____.A. manufacturers run their production on a much higher levelB. market demand may not be the same as industrial productionC. retailers are not necessary in running their retailing businessD. retailers demand lower levels than those demanded by manufacturers85. The wholesaler regulates the flow of goods by _____.A. running level with manufacturers’ productionB. holding down stock of commoditiesC. keeping stock for stronger demandD. adjusting the prices of goods in time86. The middleman relieves the producer of _____.A. fluctuating market demand and staying at riskB. the production of commodities for the retail marketC. some extent of production of changing demandD. storing goods in a warehouse until they are needed87. What function of the wholesaler is compared to a valve?A. Controlling the flow of goods.B. Pushing up demand from retailers.C. Bearing part of the risk for manufacturers.D. Selling goods to retailers.88. Which of the following statement is true?A. People cannot do without the wholesaler’s function.B. The function of the wholesaler does not add to the cost of goods.C. The wholesaler helps to reduce the price of goods in shops.D. The wholesaler is well paid for his commercial service.89. The author quite possibly believes that the function of the wholesaler is _____.A. good but too costlyB. necessary but harmfulC. removable but necessaryD. acceptable but unnecessary90. Which of the following titles is most appropriate for this passage?A. The Greedy WholesalersB. The Wholesalers in the Public EyeC. A Retail Market with WholesalersD. Can We Do without the Wholesaler? This is offered as a textbook illustration of the principle that voters are far shrewder than most politicians believe. This case study highlighting Washington’s inability to fool anyone is based on a recent survey of the attitudes of people on Medicare about their new prescription-drug benefit. Last fall, when Congress added prescription-drug coverage to Medicare, the new law was hailed as a political masterpiece. Congressional Democrats, who overwhelmingly opposed the bill, thundered that they, too, were eager to provide a drug subsidy and smaller incentives to health insurers to participate. Liberals such as Sen. Edward Kennedy were confident that the drug bill, with plenty of holes in its benefit formulas, would inevitably be expanded around the time it took effect. Not many in Congress seemed troubled that the federal budget was deep in deficit, the nation was saddled with future expenditures for the Irap war and virtually no health care expert believed that the legislation would fit into its projected $400-billion-over-10-years cost framework. The new law was a cynical bargain that had more to do with the 2004 election than a rational approach to the prescription-drug needs of the nation’s elderly. The prescription-drug legislation seems a compromise between competing ideologies inserted into a fixed congressional budget. Put another way, it was sausage-stuffing in the guise of lawmaking. And, what no one anticipated was the reaction of the elderly, a group that votes in disproportionate numbers.91. The passage you are reading is the beginning part of a report in the original. Then, what is “This”, the first word, most probably referring to?A. An offered illustration.B. Part of a textbook on politics.C. What the author is going to write.D. The principle that voters are shrewder than mostpoliticians believe.92. Also found in Paragraph 1, what does “this case study” probably refer to?A. A case study the writer is to talk about.B. Part of a textbook on politics.C. What the author is going to write.D. Washington’s inability to fool anyone.93. Based on a recent survey of the attitudes of people on Medicare is _____.A. the capital city of the United States of AmericaB. a textbook on American politicsC. what the author is going to writeD. a statement that the American government cannot fool its people94. “Congress added prescription-drug coverage to Medicare”most probably means that the Congress of the USA decided to _____. A. add prescription-drugs to the Medicare program B. allow the Medicare program to provide refunding subsidies to selected medicines to be purchased by Medicare members C. increase payment to Medicare for refunding Americans buying prescription medicines D. provide insurance to prescription drugs purchased by Medicare participants95. Below are four groups of terms that are found in the passage. Which group contains at least one term that does not refer to the same things as the other terms within the group?A. the new law, the bill, the drug bill, the prescription-drug legislation, the legislationB. prescription-drug coverage, the new law, the drug bill, the prescription-drug legislation, the legislationC.the drug bill, the bill, Medicare with prescription-drug coverage added, the prescription-drug legislation, the legislationD. the new law, the bill, the drug bill, Medicare with additions including prescription-drug coverage, the prescription-drug legislation96. Democratic Congressmen suggested that the government should _____.A. be enthusiastic in providing a drug benefit to the peopleB. oppose the new legislation with thundering protestsC. give more money, so to speak, to medicine markers and retailersD. provide financial assistance to people wanting to buy life insurance97. Paragraph 3 reflects basically the views and comments of _____.A. Congressional DemocratsB. many other Liberals in the CongressC. Sen. Edward KennedyD. the author of the passage98. According to the text, some health care experts believed that _____.A. the new law had a 10-year budget of about $400 billion but little was expected for the prescription-drug coverageB. the new law will have to wait another 10 years and cost about $400 billion before it is able to take effectC. the framework of the new legislation would be fit for a project that was to cost $400 billion over the next 10 yearsD. the projected $400-billion-over-10-years cost framework was planned to be budget for the current Iraq war99. Referring to the elderly as summarized in the passage, we can assume that they are _____.A. great in number and most will voteB. great in number but few tend to voteC. few in number and few tend to voteD. few in number but most will vote。

11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案第一部分英译汉必译题This week and next, governments, international agencies and nongovernmental organizations are gathering in Mexico City at the World Water Forum to discuss the legacy of global Mulhollandism in water - and to chart a new course.They could hardly have chosen a better location. Water is being pumped out of the aquifer on which Mexico City stands at twice the rate of replenishment. The result: the city is subsiding at the rate of about half a meter every decade. You can see the consequences in the cracked cathedrals, the tilting Palace of Arts and the broken water and sewerage pipes.Every region of the world has its own variant of the water crisis story. The mining of groundwaters for irrigation has lowered the water table in parts of India and Pakistan by 30 meters in the past three decades. As water goes down, the cost of pumping goes up, undermining the livelihoods of poor farmers.What is driving the global water crisis? Physical availability is part of the problem. Unlike oil or coal, water is an infinitely renewable resource, but it is available in a finite quantity. With water use increasing at twice the rate of population growth, the amount available per person is shrinking - especially in some of the poorest countries.Challenging as physical scarcity may be in some countries, the real problems in water go deeper. The 20th-century model for water management was based on a simple idea: that water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited, dammed or diverted without reference to scarcity or sustainability.Across the world, water-based ecological systems - rivers, lakes and watersheds - have been taken beyond the frontiers of ecological sustainability by policy makers who have turned a blind eye to the consequences of over- exploitation.We need a new model of water management for the 21st century. What does that mean? For starters, we have to stop using water like there"s no tomorrow - and that means using it more efficiently at levels that do not destroy our environment. The buzz- phrase at the Mexico Water forum is "integrated water resource management." What it means is that governments need to manage the private demand of different users and manage this precious resource in the public interest.参照译文：本周，世界水论坛在墨西哥城开幕，论坛将一直持续到下周。

2005年11月2级笔译考试真题及答案

2005年11月2级笔译考试真题及答案

人事部二级笔译（CATTI）2005.11实务真题及答案【英译汉必译题】Hans Christian Andersen was Denmark's most famous native son. Yet even after his fairy tales won him fame and fortune, he feared he would be forgotten. He need not have worried. This weekend, Denmark began eight months of celebrations to coincide with the bicentenary of his birth, and Denmark is eager that the world take note as it sets out to define the pigeon-holed writer in its own way.The festivities began in Copenhagen on Saturday, Andersen's actual birthday, with a lively show of music, dance, lights and comedy inspired by his fairy tales before a crowd of 40,000 people -- including Queen Margrethe II and her family -- at the Parken National Stadium. The opening, called Once Upon a Time, will be followed by a slew of concerts, musicals, ballets, exhibitions, parades and education programs costing over US$40 million.So more than in recent memory, Danes -- and, they hope, foreigners -- will be reliving the humor, pain and lessons to be found in evergreen stories like The Little Mermaid, The Emperor's New Clothes, The Ugly Duckling, The Little Match-Seller, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, The Shadow, The Princess and the Pea and others of Andersen's 150 or so fairy tales.]In organizing this extravaganza, of course, Denmark is also celebrating itself. After all, Andersen is still this country's most famous native son. Trumpeting his name and achievements not only draws attention to Denmark's contribution to world culture, but could also woo more foreign tourists to visit his birthplace in the town of Odense and to be photographed beside the famous bronze statue of the Little Mermaid in Copenhagen's harbor.And Denmark has even more in mind. Local guardians of the Andersen legacy evidently feel his stories have lost ground in recent years to the likes of J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings and J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter. Andersen's fairy tales may remain central to the Danish identity, serving as homespun guides to the vagaries of human behavior, but what about the rest of the world?"What we really need is a rebirth of Andersen," noted Lars Seeberg, secretary general of the Hans Christian Andersen 2005 Foundation. "Two centuries after his birth, he still fails to be universally acknowledged as the world-class author he no doubt was.【参考译文】安徒生或许是土生土长的丹麦人中最出名的一位了。

11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题(1)

11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题(1)

11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题(1)2010年11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题(1)第一篇Offshore supply vessels resembling large, floating flat-backed trucks fill Victoria Dock, unable to find charters in a sign of the downturn in Britain’s oil industry.With UK North Sea oil and gas production 44 percent below its peak, self-styled oil capital of Europe Aberdeen fears the slowdown is not simply cyclical.The oil industry that at one stage sparked talk of Scotland as “the Kuwait of the West” has already outlived most predi ctions.Tourism, life sciences, and the export of oil services around the world are among Aberdeen’s targeted substitutes for North sea oil and gas -- but for many the biggest prize would be to use its offshore oil expertise to build a renewable energy industry as big as oil.The city aims to use its experience to become a leader in offshore wind, tidal power and carbon dioxide capture and storage.Alex Salmond, head of the devolved Scottish government, told a conference in Aberdeen last month the market for wind power could be worth 130 billion pounds, while Scotland could be the “Saudi Arabia of tidal power.”“We’re seeing the emergence of an offshore energy market that is comparable in scale to the market we’ve seen in offshore oil and gas in the last 40 years,” he said.Another area of focus, tourism, has previously been hindered by the presence of oil. Eager to put Aberdeen on the international tourist map, local business has strongly backed a plan by U.S. real estate tycoon Donald Trump for a luxury housing and golf project 12 km (8 miles) north of the city, even though it means building on a naturereserve.The city also hopes to reorientate its vibrant oil services industry toward emerging offshore oil centers such as Brazil. “J ust because the production in the North Sea starts to decline doesn’t mean that Aberdeen as a global center also declines,” said Robert Collier, Chamber of Commerce Chief Executive. “That expertise can still stay here and be exported around the world.”。

人事部二级笔译真题

人事部二级笔译真题

人事部二级笔译2009年5月真题（实务）E-C TranslationCompulsory Translation There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.Such is the volatility of today‟s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,” the poorest of the the “bottom billion,” the poorest of the w orld‟s poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spend two -thirds of their income on food. In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that‟s all Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that‟s all they can afford. they can afford.Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women‟s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.Elsewhere, I saw yet another women‟s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production Elsewhere, I saw yet another women‟s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, , with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.Topic 1For a decade, metallurgists studying the hulk of the Titanic have argued that the storied ocean liner went down quickly after hitting an iceberg because the ship's builder used substandard rivets that popped their heads and let tons of icy seawater rush in. More than 1,500 people died.Now a team of scientists has moved into deeper waters, uncovering evidence in the builder ‟s own archives of a deadly mix of great ambition and use of low-quality iron that doomed the ship, which sank 96 years ago Tuesday.The scientists found that the ship's builder, Harland and Wolff, in Belfast, struggled for years to obtain adequate supplies of rivets and riveters to build the world's three biggest ships at once: the Titanic and two sisters, Olympic and Britannic.Each required three million rivets, and shortages peaked during Titanic ‟s construction."The board was in crisis mode," said Jennifer Hooper McCarty, a member of the team that studied the company the company‟‟s archive and other evidence. "It was constant stress. Every meeting it was, …There There‟‟s problems with the rivets, and we need to hire more people problems with the rivets, and we need to hire more people‟‟." The team collected other clues from 48 Titanic rivets, using modern tests, computer simulations, comparisons to century-old metals and careful documentation of what engineers and shipbuildersof the era considered state of the art. The scientists say the troubles began when the colossal plans forced Harland and Wolff to reach beyond its usual suppliers of rivet iron and include smaller forges, as disclosed in company and British government papers. Small forges tended to have less skill and experience.Adding to the threat, the company, in buying iron for Titanic ‟s rivets, ordered No. 3 bar, known as "best," not No. 4, known as "best-best," the scientists found. They also discovered that shipbuilders of the day typically used No. 4 iron for anchors, chains and rivets.So the liner, whose name was meant to be synonymous with opulence, in at least one instance relied on cheap materials.The scientists argue that better rivets would have probably kept the Titanic afloat long enough for rescuers to have arrived before the icy plunge, saving hundreds of lives.C-E Translation Compulsory Translation“中国制造”模式遭遇发展瓶颈，这种模式必须要改进和提高。

200605-201005-CATTI二级笔译实务真题及答案(打印版)

200605-201005-CATTI二级笔译实务真题及答案(打印版)

2010年5月CATTI二级笔译综合能力测试完型填空原文以及答案When We Talk About Privacy——by Ruth Suli UrmanWhen we talk about privacy issues with teenagers, what are we really talking about? Most importantly, trust. It's only natural for adolescents growing into their teen years, to want some privacy, some alone time, where they can think about who they are becoming, who they want to be and perhaps, just to relax and be out of earshot of the rest of the world. Teens, like adults, work hard too. And when we consider how much socializing they are forced to do, when they attend school all day, sometimes they just want to come home, go into their room, close the door and just listen to the music of their choice. As adults, it helps to remember not to take these things personally.We also need to remember that teenagers can experience "bad" days, too. In giving them the space to be irritable or sad, without demanding that they put on a cheerful face and façade - as we certainly can't expect anything from them that we don't expect from ourselves! - we are honoring their feelings, as we honor our own feelings.Keeping journals, having private conversations with their friends on the phone, and wanting some alone time is a teen's way of becoming who they are. They are slipping into their bodies, their minds, and their distinct individualities. It helps to remember what it was like to be a teen: the writing we may not have wanted to show our parents, the conversations with friends about "crushes," the times that we wanted to listen to The Beatles when our parents only wanted to hear classical music.It is helpful to think about how we want to be treated, as an adult. Remember: respect is earned, not taken for granted. In order to expect our teenagers to be respectful of us, we must be their teachers and their guides, so that they can mirror our behavior. They will give us back what we are giving them, even without consciously thinking about it. What happens if they "hole" themselves up and we never see their lovely faces? As a beginning, in balancing their alone time, we can reach out and make the time to gather the family together, such as meal times, to create communication. This way our children don't end up living their lives behind closed bedroom doors (where we miss out on their childhood years).Coming together as a family is important, too. There is an immense feeling of satisfaction knowing that we are not strangers to our children, and they are not strangers to us. If there is any concern about what they are doing when you are not with them, find a good time and place where they are comfortable (and you are feeling relaxed about talking) and tell them about your concerns. Life is a series of balances, and in the instance of privacy, we can balance that too. Let them know in a loving way how much you care and perhaps share one of your own teenage stories.In teaching them to balance their privacy needs, there is nothing wrong with asking them questions about where they are going, and expecting them to honor our house rules about curfew, etc. We are still the parents and if we decide we need more information about their friends, by all means, take notes on where they are headed off to, or better yet, offer to be a part of their lives, as much as they are willing to let you in: personally meet their friends' parents; become active in their school. It's a great way to find out about their friendships-which are invaluable to teens, and to foster a close relationship with our teenagers - especially if we come from a place of love and caring and not from a sense of snooping or spying.实务英译汉－必译题In the European Union, carrots must be firm but not woody, cucumbers must not be too curved and celery has to be free of any type of cavity. This was the law, one that banned overly curved, extra-knobbly or oddly shaped produce from supermarket shelves.But in a victory for opponents of European regulation, 100 pages of legislation determining the size, shape and texture of fruit and vegetables have been torn up. On Wednesday, EU officials agreed to axe rules laying down standards for 26 products, from peas to plums.In doing so, the authorities hope they have killed off regulations routinely used by critics - most notably in the British media - to ridicule the meddling tendencies of the EU.After years of news stories about the permitted angle or curvature of fruit and vegetables, the decision Wednesday also coincided with the rising price of commodities. With the cost of the weekly supermarket visit on the rise, it has become increasingly hard to defend the act of throwing away food just because it looks strange.Beginning in July next year, when the changes go into force, standards on the 26 products will disappear altogether. Shoppers will the be able to chose their produce whatever its appearance.Under a compromise reached with national governments, many of which opposed the changes, standards will remain for 10 types of fruit and vegetables, including apples, citrus fruit, peaches, pears, strawberries and tomatoes.But those in this category that do not meet European norms will still be allowed onto the market, providing they are marked as being substandard or intended for cooking or processing."This marks a new dawn for the curvy cucumber and the knobbly carrot," said Mariann Fischer Boel, European commissioner for agriculture, who argued that regulations were better left to market operators."In these days of high food prices and general economic difficulties," Fischer Boel added, "consumers should be able to choose from the widest range of products possible. It makes no sense to throw perfectly good products away, just because they are the 'wrong' shape."That sentiment was not shared by 16 of the EU's 27 nations - including Greece, France, the Czech Republic, Spain, Italy and Poland - which tried to block the changes at a meeting of the Agricultural Management Committee.Several worried that the abolition of standards would lead to the creation of national ones, said one official speaking on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the discussions.Copa-Cogeca, which represents European agricultural trade unions and cooperatives, also criticized the changes. "We fear that the absence of EU standards will lead member states to establish national standards and that private standards will proliferate," said its secretary general, Pekka Pesonen.But the decision to scale back on standards will be welcomed by euro-skeptics who have long pilloried the EU executive's interest in intrusive regulation.One such controversy revolved around the correct degree of bend in bananas - a type of fruit not covered by the Wednesday ruling.In fact, there is no practical regulation on the issue. Commission Regulation (EC) 2257/94 says that bananas must be "free from malformation or abnormal curvature," though Class 1 bananas can have "slight defects of shape" and Class 2 bananas can have full "defects of shape."By contrast, the curvature of cucumbers has been a preoccupation of European officials. Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1677/88 states that Class I and "Extra class" cucumbers are allowed a bend of 10 millimeters per 10 centimeters of length. Class II cucumbers can bend twice as much.It also says cucumbers must be fresh in appearance, firm, clean and practically free of any visible foreign matter or pests, free of bitter taste and of any foreign smell.Such restrictions will disappear next year, and about 100 pages of rules and regulations will go as well, a move welcomed by Neil Parish, chairman of the European Parliament's agriculture committee. "Food is food, no matter what it looks like," Parish said. "To stop stores selling perfectly decent food during a food crisis is morally unjustifiable. Credit should be given to the EU agriculture commissioner for pushing through these proposals. Consumers care about the taste and quality of food, not how it looks."参考译文In the European Union, carrots must be firm but not woody, cucumbers must not be too curved and celery has to be free of any type of cavity. This was the law, one that banned overly curved, extra-knobbly or oddly shaped produce from supermarket shelves.在欧盟，市场出售的胡萝卜必须脆而不糠，黄瓜也不能太弯，芹菜一点空心都不能有。

2015年11月-2006年5月CATTI二笔真题(汉译英部分)

2015年11月-2006年5月CATTI二笔真题(汉译英部分)

2015年11月-2006年5月CATTI二笔真题（汉译英部分）目录2015年11月 (3)Passage 1 (3)Passage 2 (3)2015年5月 (4)Passage 1 (4)Passage 2 (5)2014年11月 (6)Passage 1 (6)Passage 2 (7)2014年5月 (8)Passage 1 (8)Passage 2 (9)2013年11月 (10)Passage 1 (10)Passage 2 (10)2013年5月 (11)Passage 1 (11)Passage 2 (12)2012年11月 (13)Part A必译题 (13)Part B 选译题 (14)【试题一】 (14)2012年5月 (14)Passage 1 (14)Passage 2 (15)2011年11月 (16)Passage 1 (16)Passage 2 (17)2011年5月 (17)Part A必译题 (18)Part B选译题 (18)【试题二】 (18)2010年11月 (19)Passage 1 (19)Passage 2 (20)2010年5月 (20)Passage 1 (20)Passage 2 (22)2009年11月 (23)Part A必译题 (23)Part B选译题 (23)【试题一】 (23)2009年5月 (25)Part A必译题 (25)Part B选译题 (25)【试题一】 (25)2008年11月 (26)2008年5月 (27)Part A必译题 (27)Part B选译题 (28)【试题一】 (28)2007年11月 (28)Part A必译题 (28)Part B选译题 (29)【试题二】 (29)2007年5月 (30)Part A必译题 (30)Part B选译题 (31)【试题一】 (31)2006年11月 (32)Part A 必译题 (32)Part B 选译题 (32)【试题一】 (32)【试题二】 (33)2006年5月 (34)Part A 必译题 (34)Part B 选译题 (35)【试题一】 (35)【试题二】 (36)2015年11月Passage 1Apple may well be the only technical company on the planet that would dare compare itself to Picasso.In a class at the company's internal university, the instructor likened the 11 lithographs that make up Picasso's The Dull to the way Apple builds its smartphones and other devices. The idea is that Apple designers strive for simplicity just as Picasso eliminated details to create a great work of art.Steven P. Jobs established the Apple University as a way to inculcate employees into Apple's business culture and educate them about its history, particularly as the company grew and the technical business changed. Courses are not required, only recommended, but getting new employees to enroll is rarely a problem.Randy Nelson, who came from the animation studio Pixar, co-founded by Mr. Jobs, is one of the teachers of "Communicating at Apple." This course, open to various levels of employees, focuses on clear communication, not just for making products intuitive, but also for sharing ideas with peers and marketing products.In a version of the class taught last year, Mr. Nelson showed a slide of The Bull, a series of 11 lithographs of a bull that Picasso created over about a month, starting in late 1945. In the early stages, the bull has a snout, shoulder shanks and hooves, but over the iterations, those details vanish. The last image is a curvy stick figure that is still unmistakably a bull."You go through more iterations until you can simply deliver your message in a very concise way, and that is true to the Apple brand and everything we do," recalled one person who took the course.In "What Makes Apple, Apple," another course that Mr. Nelson occasionally teaches, he showed a slide of the remote control for the Google TV, said an employee who took the class last year. The remote control has 78 buttons. Then, the employee said, Mr. Nelson displayed a photo of the Apple TV remote control, a thin piece of metal with just three buttons.How did Apple's designers decide on three buttons? They started out with an idea. Mr. Nelson explained, and debated until they had just what was needed — a button to play and pause a video, a button to select something to watch, and another to go to the main menu.The Google TV remote control serves as a counterexample. It had so many buttons, Mr. Nelson said, because the individual engineers and designers who worked on the project all got what they wanted.Passage 2Equipped with the camera extender known as a selfie stick, occasionally referred to as "the wand of narcissism," tourists can now reach for flattering selfies wherever they go.Art museums have watched this development nervously, fearing damage to their collections or to visitors, as users swing their slicks with abandon. Now they are taking action. One by one, museums across the United States have been imposing bans on using selfie sticks for photographs inside galleries (adding them to existing rules on umbrellas, backpacks and tripods), yet another example of how controlling crowding has become part of the museum mission.The Mirshhom Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington prohibited the sticks this month, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston plans to impose a ban. In New York, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which has been studying the matter for some time, has just decided that it will forbid selfie slicks, too. New signs will be posted soon."from now on ,you will be asked quietly to put it away," said Sree Sreenivasan, the chief digital officer at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. "It's one thing to take a picture at arm's length, but when it is three times arm's length, you are invading someone else's personal space."The personal space of other visitors is just one problem. The artwork is another. "We do not want to have to put all the art under glass," said Deborah Ziska, the chief of public information at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, which has been quietly enforcing a ban on selfie sticks, but is in the process of adding it formally to its printed guidelines for visitors.Last but not least is the threat to the camera operator, intent on capturing the perfect shot and oblivious to the surroundings. "If people are not paying attention in the Temple of Dendur, they can end up in the water with the crocodile sculpture," Mr. Sreenivasan said. "We have so many balconies you could fall from, and stairs you can trip on."At the Metropolitan Museum of Art on Thursday, Jasmine Adaos, a selfie-stick user from Chile, expressed dismay. "It's just another product," she said. "When you have a regular camera, it's the s ame thing. I don't see the problem if you‘re careful.‖ But Hai Lin student from Shandong, China, conceded that the museum might have a point. "You can hit people when they're passing by," she said.2015年5月Passage 1（关于毛利人的介绍，原文选自：/maori.html）Early Maori adapted the tropically based east Polynesian culture in line with the challenges associated with a larger and more diverse environment, eventually developing their own distinctive culture. The British and Irish immigrants brought aspects of their own culture to New Zealand and also influenced Maori culture. More recently American, Australian, Asian and other European cultures have exerted influence on New Zealand.New Zealand music has been influenced by blues, jazz, country, rock and roll and hip hop, with many ofthese genres given a unique New Zealand interpretation. Maori developed traditional chants and songs from their ancient South-East Asian origins, and after centuries of isolation created a unique "monotonous" and "doleful" sound.The number of New Zealand films significantly increased during the 1970s. In 1978 the New Zealand Film Commission started assisting local film-makers and many films attained a world audience, some receiving international acknowledgement.New Zealand television primarily broadcasts American and British programming, along with a large number of Australian and local shows. The country's diverse scenery and compact size, plus government incentives, have encouraged some producers to film big budget movies in New Zealand.The Ministry for Culture and Heritage is government‘s leading adviser on cultural matters. The Ministry funds, monitors and supports a range of cultural agencies and delivers a range of high-quality cultural products and services.The Ministry provides advice to government on where to focus its interventions in the cultural sector. It seeks to ensure that V ote funding is invested as effectively and efficiently as possible, and that government priorities are met.The Ministry has a strong track record of delivering high-quality publications, managing significant heritage and commemorations, and acting as guardian of New Zealand‘s culture. The Ministry‘s work prioritizes cultural outcomes and also supports educational, economic and social outcomes, linking with the work of a range of other government agencies.Passage 2Awakening the ‗Dutch Gene‘ of Water SurvivalBy CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZEJUNE 29, 2014Along a rugged, wide North Sea beach here on a recent day, children formed teams of eight to 10, taking their places beside mounds of sand carefully cordoned by candy-cane striped tape. They had one hour for their sand castle competition. Some built fishlike structures, complete with scales. Others spent their time on elaborate ditch and dike labyrinths. Each castle was adorned on top with a white flag.Then they watched the sea invade and devour their work, seeing whose castle could withstand the tide longest. The last standing flag won.Theirs was no ordinary day at the beach, but a newly minted, state-sanctioned competition for schoolchildren to raise awareness of the dangers of rising sea levels in a country of precarious geography that has provided lessons for the world about water management, but that fears that its next generation will grow complacent.Fifty-five percent of the Netherlands is either below sea level or heavily flood-prone. Yet thanks to its renowned expertise and large water management budget (about 1.25 percent of gross domestic product), the Netherlands has averted catastrophe since a flooding disaster in 1953.Experts here say that they now worry that the famed Dutch water management system actually works too well and that citizens will begin to take for granted the nation‘s success in staying dry. As global climatechange threatens to raise sea levels by as much as four feet by the end of the century, the authorities here are working to make real to children the forecasts that may seem far-off, but that will shape their lives in adulthood and old age.―Everything works so smoothly that people don‘t realize anymore that they are taking a risk in developing urban areas in low-lying areas,‖ said Hafkenscheid, the lead organizer of the competition and a water expert with the Foreign Ministry.Before the competition, the children, ages 6 to 11, were coached by experts in dike building and water management. V olunteers stood by, many of them freshly graduated civil engineers, giving last-minute advice on how best to battle the rising water.A recently released report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development on water management in the Netherlands pointed to an ―awareness gap‖ among Dutch citizens.2014年11月Passage 1WA TERLOO，Belgium —The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military history. But weaving a path through the preparations is proving almost as tricky as making one’s way across the battlefield was back then，when the Duke of Wellington，as commander of an international alliance of forces，crushed Napoleon.A rambling though dilapidated farmstead called Hougoumont，which was crucial to the battle’s outcome，is being painstakingly restored as an educational center. Nearby，an underground visitor center is under construction，and roads and monuments throughout the rolling farmland where once the sides fought are being refurbished. More than 6，000 military buffs are expected to re-enact individual skirmishes.While the battle ended two centuries ago，however，hard feelings have endured. Memories are long here，and not everyone here shares Britain’s enthusiasm for celebrating Napoleon’s defeat.Every year，in districts of Wallonia，the French-speaking part of Belgium，there are fetes to honor Napoleon，according to Count Georges Jacobs de Hagen，a prominent Belgian industrialist and chairman of a committee responsible for restoring Hougoumont. ‚Napoleon，for these people，was very popular，‛Mr. Jacobs，73，said over coffee. ‚That is why，still today，there are some enemies of the project.‛Belgium，of course，did not exist in 1815. Its Dutch-speaking regions were part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands，while the French-speaking portion had been incorporated into the French Empire. Among French speakers，Mr. Jacobs said，Napoleon had a ‚huge influence —the administration，the Code Napoléon，‛or reform of the legal system. While Dutch-speaking Belgians fought under Wellington，French speakers fought with Napoleon.That distaste on the part of modern-day French speakers crystallized in resistance to a British proposal that，as part of the restoration of Hougoumont，a memorial be raised to the British soldiers who died defending its narrow North Gate at a critical moment on June 18，1815，when Wellington carried the day.‚Every discussion in the committee was filled with high sensitivity，‛Mr. Jacobs recalled. ‚I said，‘This is a condition for the help of the British，’so the North Gate won the battle，and we got the monument.‛If Belgium was reluctant to get involved，France was at first totally uninterested. ‚They told us，‘We don’t want to take part in this British triumphalism，’‛said Countess Nathalie du Parc Locmaria，a writer and publicist who is president of a committee representing four townships that own the land where the battle raged.Passage 2Bayer cares about the bees.Or at least that’s what they tell you at the company’s Bee Care Center on its sprawling campus here between Düsseldorf and Cologne. Outside the cozy two-story building that houses the center is a whimsical yellow sculpture of a bee. Inside，the same image is fashioned into paper clips，or printed on napkins and mugs.‚Bayer is strictly committed to bee health，‛said Gillian Mansfield，an official specializing in strategic messaging at the company’s Bayer CropScience division. She was sitting at the center’s semicircular coffee bar，which has a formidable espresso maker and，if you ask，homegrown Bayer honey. On the surrounding walls，bee fun facts are written in English，like ‚A bee can fly at roughly 16 miles an hour‛or，it takes ‚nectar from some two million flowers in order to produce a pound of honey.‛Next year，Bayer will open another Bee Care Center in Raleigh，N.C.，and has not ruled out more in other parts of the world.There is，of course， a slight caveat to all this buzzy good will.Bayer is one of the major producers of a type of pesticide that the European Union has linked to the large-scale die-offs of honey bee populations in North America and Western Europe. They are known as neonicotinoids，a relatively new nicotine-derived class of pesticide. The pesticide wasbanned this year for use on many flowering crops in Europe that attract honey bees.Bayer and two competitors，Syngenta and BASF，have disagreed vociferously with the ban，and are fighting in the European courts to overturn it.Hans Muilerman， a chemicals expert at Pesticide Action Network Europe，an environmental group，accused Bayer of doing ‚almost anything that helps their products remaining on the market. Massive lobbying，hiring P.R. firms to frame and spin，inviting commissioners to show their plants and their sustainability.‛‚Since they learned people care about bees，they are happy to start the type of actions you mention，‘bee care centers’and such，‛he said.There is a bad guy lurking at the Bee Care Center — a killer of bees，if you will. It’s just not a pesticide.Bayer’s culprit in the mysterious mass deaths of bees can be found around the corner from the coffee bar. Looming next to another sculpture of a bee is a sculpture of a parasite known as a varroa mite，which resembles a gargantuan cooked crab with spiky hair.The varroa，sometimes called the vampire mite，appears to be chasing the bee next to it，whichalready has a smaller mite stuck to it. And in case the message was not clear，images of the mites，which are actually quite small，flash on a screen at the center.While others point at pesticides，Bayer has funded research that blames mites for the bee die-off. And the center combines resources from two of the company’s divisions，Bayer CropScience and Bayer Animal Health，to further study the mite menace.‚The varroa is the biggest threat we have‛said Manuel Tritschler，28，a third-generation beekeeper who works for Bayer. ‚It’s very easy see to them，the mites，on the bees，‛he said，holding a test tube with dead mites suspended in liquid. ‚They suck the bee blood，from the adults and from the larvae，and in this way they transport a lot of different pathogens，virus，bacteria，fungus to the bees，‛he said.Conveniently，Bayer markets products to kill the mites too —one is called CheckMite —and Mr. Tritschler’s work at the center included helping design a ‚gate‛to affix to hives that coats bees with such chemical compounds.There is no disputing that varroa mites are a problem，but Mr. Muilerman said they could not be seen as the only threat.The varroa mite ‚cannot explain the massive die-off on its own，‛he said. ‚We think the bee die-off is a result of exposure to multiple stressors.‛2014年5月[翻译考试] 2014年5月份CATTI二级笔译考试，英译汉的两个语篇均来自《纽约时报》：第一篇是关于乔布斯夫人的介绍，第二篇是关于人文学科衰落的报道。

catti二级笔译综合能力试题精选及答案解析

catti二级笔译综合能力试题精选及答案解析

catti二级笔译综合能力试题精选及答案解析一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题1小题．每题1.0分，共1.0分。

In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ________ to the body.A the stress it is greaterB greater is the stressC greater stress isD the greater the stress【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定用法。

the+比较级，the+比较级。

二、Vocabulary Replacement（本大题11小题．每题1.0分，共11.0分。

This part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. You are to select the ONE choice that can replace the underlined word without causing any grammatical error or changing the principal meaning of the sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题The thief was apprehended, but his accomplice had disappeared.A people who saw himB the person who helped himC guns and knivesD stolen goods模考吧网提供最优质的模拟试题，最全的历年真题，最精准的预测押题！【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】名词辨析。

CATTI笔译综合能力二级翻译真题2006-2012

CATTI笔译综合能力二级翻译真题2006-2012

2006年5月【英译汉必译题】For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends 600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."【参考译文】尽管去年发生了许多自然灾害和人为的灾害，但是旅游者比以往更加坚决地出门旅行。

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（60 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here."With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this," Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen's cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. "That is a fortune for people like us," he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a "mother boat" equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river's main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants' less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations."The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account," said the president of the local fishermen's union. "They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing."Part B Optional Translations (二选一题) （30 points）Topic 1 (选题一)Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basic theory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade-free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions-improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called "comparative advantage".Here's a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it's more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lower wage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power."Free trade is not always a win-win situation," Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.Topic 2 （选题二）Uganda's eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren's smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened where none existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority if schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 private universities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health isanother, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plants include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda's high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government's newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the "restoration of security" at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation（汉译英）（40 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（20 points）矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

2005年11月翻译资格英语高级口译实务真题及答案

2005年11月翻译资格英语高级口译实务真题及答案

2005年11月翻译资格英语高级口译实务真题及答案试卷一Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret in into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… you may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:Holiday resorts usually attract tourists because of their sunny beaches, snow-covered ski slopes, or championship golf courses. At the ski resorts, it is often an atmosphere of informality around a roaring fire after the day’s skiing is finished. At a more cosmopolitan resort like a Miami Beach, it may be nightclubs and stage shows. Many of the resorts give instruction in scuba diving combined with visits to underwater scenes.A cruise ship, such as the well-know Titanic, is a floating hotel where passengers canvisit a number of well-chosen international ports and meanwhile enjoy a party atmosphere throughout the voyage. Games, dancing, costume parties, and whatever other activities are devised within a rather limited space. Big-name entertainers are often hired for the entire trip. Most cruise ships employ social director whose job includes involving all of the passengers in the activities that are offered.（参考答案）度假胜地因其阳光充足的海滩、白雪覆盖的滑雪坡地以及一流的高尔夫球场而吸引着游客。

2003-2005翻译资格考试二级笔译实务真题及答案详解

2003-2005翻译资格考试二级笔译实务真题及答案详解

2003年12月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Section 1: English – Chinese Translation (英译汉)This section consists of two parts, Part A —“Compulsory Translation” and Part B —“Choice of Two Translations”consisting of two sections “Topic I”and “Topic 2”. For the passage in Part A and your choice of passage in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into Chinese. Above your translation of Part A, write “Compulsory Translation” and above your translation from Part B, write “Topic I” or “Topic 2” (60 points, 100 minutes)Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题) （30 points）Nowhere to GoFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj” (who didn‟t want to reveal his real name). He‟s an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime,” says Nagaraj.This is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulation, Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They must either return to India, or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allow them to transfer their visa to the new company. And the law doesn‟t allow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy. “How am I going to survive without any job and without any income?”Nagaraj wonders.Until recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the solution to the region‟s shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers from other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 worker held such visas — but with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. That‟s causing mass consternation in U.S. immigrant communities. The INS considers a worker “out of status”when he loses a job, which technically means that he must pack up and go home. But because of the scope of this year‟s layoffs, the U.S. government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They are in limbo. It is the greatest form of torture,” says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network.The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of H-1B visas. Now, with technology firms retrenching, demand for such workers is slowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H-1B workers. The INS reported last month that only 16,000 new H-1B workers came to the United States in February — down from 32,000 in February of last year.Last month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H-1B holders “not to panic,” and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workers before they had to leave the United States. INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will come this month. “We areaware of the cutbacks,” she says. “We‟re trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law.”Part B Choice of Two Translations (二选一题) （30 points）Topic 1 (选题一)What Is the Force of Gravity?If you throw a ball up, it will come down again. What makes it come down? The ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earth exerts a force of attraction on all objects. Objects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further away. This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth‟s surface is called the weight of the object.All the heavenly bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects. The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earth‟s surface. In fact, the moon‟s gravitational force is only one-sixth that of the Earth. This means that an object weighing 120 kilograms on Earth will only weigh 20 kilograms on the moon. Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth.The Earth‟s gravitational force or pull keeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space. To get out into space and travel to the moon or other planets we have to overcome the Earth‟s gravitational pull.Entry into SpaceHow can we overcome the Earth‟s gravitational pull? Scientists have been working on this for a long time. It is only recently that they have been able to build machines powerful enough to get out of the Earth‟s gravitational pull. Such machines are called space rockets. Their great speed and power help them to escape from the Earth‟s gravitational pull and go into space.RocketsThe powerful space rocket works along the same lines as a simple firework rocket. The firework rocket has a cylindrical body and a conical head. The body is packed with gunpowder which is the fuel. It is a mixture of chemicals that will burn rapidly to form hot gases.At the base or foot of the rocket there is an opening or nozzle. A fuse hangs out like a tail from the nozzle. A long stick attached along the body serves to direct the rocket before the fuse is lighted.When the gunpowder burns, hot gases rush out of the nozzle. The hot gases continue to rush out as long as the gunpowder burns. When these gases shoot downwards through the nozzle the rocket is pushed upwards. This is called jet propulsion. The simple experiment, shown in the picture, will help you to understand jet propulsion.Topic 2 （选题二）Basketball DiplomacyCHINA”S TALLEST SOLDIER never really expected to live the American Dream. But Wang Zhizhi, a 7-foot-1 basketball star from the People‟s Liberation Army, is making history as the first Chinese player in the NBA. In his first three weeks in America the 23-year-old rookie has already cashed his first big NBA check, preside over “Wang Zhizhi Day” in San Francisco and become immortalized on his very own trading cards. He‟s even played in five games with his new team, the Dallas Mavericks, scoring 24 points in just 38 minutes. Now the affable Lieutenant Wang is joining the Mavericks on their ride into the NBA playoffs — and he is intent on enjoying every minute. One recent evening Wang slipped into the hot tub behind the house of Mavericks assistant coach Donn Nelson. He leaned back, stretched out and pointedat a plane moving across the star-filled sky. In broken English, he started singing his favorite tune: “I believe I can fly. I believe I can touch the sky.”Back in China, the nation‟s other basketball phenom, Yao Ming , can only dream of taking flight. Yao thought he was going to be the first Chinese player in the NBA. The 7-foot-5 Shanghai sensation is more highly touted than Wang: the 20-year-old could be the No.1 overall pick in the June NBA draft. But as the May 13 deadline to enter the draft draws near, Yao is still waiting for a horde of business people and apparatchiks to decide his fate. Last week, as Wang scored 13 points in the Dallas season finale, Yao was wading through a stream of bicycles on a dusty Beijing street.Yao and Wang are more than just freaks of nature in basketball shorts. The twin towers are national treasures, symbols of China‟s growing stature in the world. They‟re also emblematic of the NBA‟s outsize dreams for conquering China. The NBA, struggling at home, sees salvation in the land of 1.3 billion potential hoop fans. China, determined to win the 2008 Olympics and join the World Trade Organization, is eager to make its mark on the world — on its own terms. The two-year struggle to get these young players into the NBA has been a cultural collision — this one far removed from U.S.-China bickering over spy planes and trade liberalization. If it works out, it could be — in basketball parlance — the ultimate give-and-go. “This is just like Ping-Pong diplomacy,” says Xia Song, a sport-marketing executive who represents Wang. “Only with a much bigger ball.”Two years ago it looked more like a ball and chain. Wang‟s Army bosses were miffed when the Mavericks had the nerve to draft their star back in 1999. Nelson remembers flying to Beijing with the then owner Ross Perot Jr. — son of the eccentric billionaire — to hammer out a deal with the stone-faced communists of the PLA. “You could hear them thinking: …What is this NBA team doing, trying to lay claim to our property?‟” Nelson recalls. “We tried to explain that this was an honor for Wang and for China.”There was no deal. Wang grew despondent and lost his edge on court.This year Yao became the anointed one. He eclipsed Wang in scoring and rebounding, and even stole away his coveted MVP award in the Chinese Basketball Association league. It looked as if his Shanghai team — a dynamic semicapitalist club in China‟s most open city — would get its star to the NBA first.Then came the March madness. Wang broke out of his slump to lead the Army team to its sixth consecutive CBA title — scoring 40 in the final game. A day later the PLA scored some points of its own by announcing that Wang was free to go West. What inspired the change of heart? No doubt the Mavericks worked to build trust with Chinese officials (even inviting national- team coach Wang Fei to spend the 1999-2000 season in Dallas). There was also the small matter of Chinese pride. The national team stumbled to a 10th-place finish at the 2000 Olympics, after placing eighth in 1996. Even the most intransigent cadre could see that the team would improve only if it sent its stars overseas to learn from the world‟s best players.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation （汉译英）This section consists of two parts, Part A —“Compulsory Translation” and Part B —“Choice of Two Translations”consisting of two sections “Topic 1”and “Topic 2”. For the passage in Part A and your choice of passage in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write “Compulsory Translation” and above your translation from Part B, write “Topic 1” or “Topic 2” (40 points, 80 minutes)Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）（20 points）中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。

11月CATTI二级笔译考试真题回忆(网友版)

11月CATTI二级笔译考试真题回忆(网友版)

11月CATTI二级笔译考试真题回忆（网友版）二级笔译：《二级笔译实务》1. 英译汉第一篇：节选自The New York Times，原文标题为：Paris Employs a Few Black Sheep to Tend, and Eat, a City FieldThe archivists requested a donkey, but what they got from the mayor’s office were four wary black sheep, which, as of Wednesday morning, were chewing away at a lumpy field of grass beside the municipal archives building as the City of Paris’s newest, shaggiest lawn mowers. Mayor Bertrand Delano has made the environment a priority since his election in 2001, with popular bike- and car-sharing programs, an expanded network of designated lanes for bicycles and buses, and an enormous project to pedestrianize the banks along much of the Seine.The sheep, which are to mow (and, not inconsequentially, fertilize) an airy half-acre patch in the 19th District intended in the same spirit. City Hall refers to the project as “eco-grazing,” and it notes that the four ewes will prevent the use of noisy, gas-guzzling mowers and cut down on the use of herbicides.Paris has plans for a slightly larger eco-grazing project not far from the archives building, assuming all goes well; similar projects have been under way in smaller towns in the region in recent years.The sheep, from a rare, diminutive Breton breed called Ouessant, stand just about two feet high. Chosen for their hardiness, city officials said, they will pasture here until October inside a three-foot-high, yellow electrified fence.“This is really not a one-shot deal,” insisted René Dutrey, the adjunc t mayor for the environment and sustainable development. Mr. Dutrey, a fast-talking man inorange-striped Adidas Samba sneakers, noted that the sheep had cost the city a total of just about $335, though no further economic projections have been drawn up for the time being.A metal fence surrounds the grounds of the archives, and a security guard stands watch at the gate, so there is little risk that local predators — large, unleashed dogs, for instance — will be able to reach the ewes.Curious humans, however, are encouraged to visit the sheep, and perhaps the archives, too. The eco-grazing project began as an initiative to attract the public to the archives, and informational panels have been put in place to explain what, exactly, the sheep are doing here.But the archivists have had to be trained to care for the animals. In the unlikely event that a ewe should flip onto her back, Ms. Masson said, someone must rush to put her back on her feet.2. 英译汉第二篇：同样节选自The New York Times，原文标题为：N. Joseph Woodland, Inventor of the Bar Code, Dies at 91Norman Joseph Woodland was born in Atlantic City on Sept. 6, 1921. As a Boy Scout he learned Morse code, the spark that would ignite his invention.After spending World War II on the Manhattan Project , Mr. Woodland resumed his studies at the Drexel Institute of Technology in Philadelphia (it is now Drexel University), earning a bachelor’s degree in 1947.As an undergraduate, Mr. Woodland perfected a system for delivering elevator music efficiently. He planned to pursue the project commercially, but his father, who had come of age in “Boardwalk Empire”-era Atlantic City, forbade it: elevator music, he said, was controlled by the mob, and no son of his was going to come withinspitting distance.The younger Mr. Woodland returned to Drexel for a master’s degree. In 1948, a local supermarket executive visited the campus, where he implored a dean to develop an efficient means of encoding product data. The dean demurred, but Mr. Silver, a fellow graduate student who overheard their conversation, was intrigued. He conscripted Mr. Woodland.An early idea of theirs, which involved printing product information in fluorescent ink and reading it with ultraviolet light, proved unworkable.But Mr. Woodland, convinced that a solution was close at hand, quit graduate school to devote himself to the problem. He holed up at his grandparents’home in Miami Beach, where he spent the winter of 1948-49 in a chair in the sand, thinking.To represent information visually, he realized, he would need a code. The only code he knew was the one he had learned in the Boy Scouts.What would happen, Mr. Woodland wondered one day, if Morse code, with its elegant simplicity and limitless combinatorial potential, were adapted graphically? He began trailing his fingers idly through the sand.“What I’m going to tell you sounds like a fairy tale,” Mr. Woodland told Smithson ian magazine in 1999. “I poked my four fingers into the sand and for whatever reason — I didn’t know — I pulled my hand toward me and drew four lines. Now I have four lines, and they could be wide lines and narrow lines instead of dots and dashes.’”Today, bar codes appears on the surface of almost every product of contemporary life. All because a bright young man, his mind ablaze with dots and dashes, one day raked his fingers through the sand.3. 汉译英第一篇：中国式过马路4. 汉译英第二篇：中国经济现状（工业、商业、金融、法制管理）。

[英语考试]年11月英语二级笔译实务考试试题

[英语考试]年11月英语二级笔译实务考试试题

[英语考试]年11月英语二级笔译实务考试试题第一篇：题目：保护环境，从每个人做起保护环境是当今世界面临的重要任务，而每个人都应该为此贡献自己的一份力量。

环境问题涉及到我们的健康、社会经济和生态系统的可持续发展。

保护环境应当成为我们每个人的责任。

首先，我们应该加强对环境保护的意识。

只有当我们意识到环境污染对我们自身和后代的生活造成的巨大威胁时，我们才能真正行动起来。

每个人都应该了解到，环境问题不仅存在于遥远的地方，也常常发生在我们的身边。

例如，空气污染、水污染和土地退化等问题都严重影响着我们的健康和生活质量。

只有提高环境意识，我们才能积极参与环保活动，并以身作则，为他人树立榜样。

其次，我们应该改变生活方式，减少对环境的负面影响。

我们可以从自身小事做起，比如节约用水、减少废物和垃圾的产生，使用可再生能源等。

在购物时，我们应该选择那些环保产品，减少塑料袋的使用。

同时，我们也可以鼓励家人、朋友和同事加入环保行动，共同努力保护环境。

此外，政府和企业也应发挥重要作用，制定和实施环保政策和措施。

政府应该加强监管，加大对环境犯罪的打击力度，提高环境污染的罚款额度，加强环境教育，推动可持续发展。

企业应该积极履行社会责任，改善生产方式，采用环保的技术和工艺，减少污染物的排放。

总之，保护环境是我们每个人共同的责任。

只有每个人都积极参与，才能真正实现环境的可持续发展。

保护环境是为了我们自己、为了下一代，也为了我们共同的家园地球。

第二篇：题目：培养健康的生活习惯健康是人生最宝贵的财富，而培养健康的生活习惯是实现健康的关键。

健康的生活习惯包括健康饮食、适量运动、良好的睡眠、保持心理健康等方面。

只有养成这些良好的生活习惯，我们才能更好地享受生活。

首先，饮食健康是保持健康的重要一环。

我们应该尽量避免食用高糖、高盐和高脂肪的食物，多食用新鲜蔬菜水果、全谷类食物和低脂肪的食物。

合理均衡的饮食有助于提供身体所需的营养，并维持体内器官的正常功能。

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英译汉部分The Gap Between Rich and Poor Widened in U.S. CapitalWashington D.C. ranks first among the 40 cities with the widest gap between the poor and the rich, according to a recent report released by the D.C. Fiscal Policy Institute on July 22nd. The top 20 percent of households in D.C. have an average yearly income of $186,830, 31 times that of the bottom 20 percent, which earns only $6,126 per year. The income gap is also big in Atlanta and Miami, but the difference is not as pronounced.The report also indicates that the widening gap occurred mainly during the 1990s. Over the last decade, the average income of the top 20 percent of households has grown 36 percent, while the average income of the bottom 20 percent has only risen 3 percent."I believe the concentration of the middle- to high-income families in the D.C. area will continue, therefore, the income gap between rich and poor will be hard to bridge," David Garrison told the Washington Observer. Garrison is a senior researcher with the Brookings Institution, specializing in the study of the social and economic policies in the greater Washington D.C. area.The report attributed the persistent income gap in Washington to the area's special job opportunities, which attract high-income household s. Especially since the federal government is based in Washington D.C., Government agencies and other government related businesses such as lobbying firms and government contractors constantly offer high-paying jobs, which contribute to the trend of increasing high-income households in the D.C. area. For example, a single young professional working in a law firm in D.C. can earn as much as $100,000 in his or her first year out of law school."In addition, high-quality housing available in Washington D.C. is one of the main reasons why high-income families choose to live here, while middle and low-income families, if they can afford it, choose to move out of Washington D.C.to the Virginia and Maryland suburbs so that their kids can go to better schools," stated Garrison."As rich families continue to move into D.C. and middle and low-income families are moving out, the poorest families are left with nowhere to move, or cannot afford to move. This creates the situation we face now: a huge income gap between the rich and poor."The Washington D.C. area to which Garrison refers is the District of Columbia city itself, not including the greater Washington metro area. "The greater Washington metro area has a large population of about 5 million, but thelow-income households are often concentrated in D.C. proper," Garrison explained.Tony Blalock, the spokesperson for Mayor Anthony Williams, said resignedly, "No matter what we seem to do to bring investment into the District, a certain population is not able to access the unique employment opportunities there. The gap between the rich and poor is the product of complex forces, and won't be fixed overnight."Garrison believes that the D.C. government should attract high-income families. By doing so, the District's tax base can grow, which in turn can help improve D.C.'s infrastructure. "But in the meantime, the District government should also take into consideration the rights of the poor, set up good schools for them, and provide sound social welfare. All these measures can alleviate the dire situation caused by income disparity. "Garrison, however, is not optimistic about the possibility of closing the gap between the rich and poor. He is particularly doubtful that current economic progress will be able to help out the poor. "Bush's tax-cut plan did bring about this wave of economic recovery, and the working professionals and rich did benefit from it. It is unfair to say that the p lan did not help the poor at all… it just didn't benefit them as much as it did the rich, " Garrison said. "The working classin America, those who do the simplest work, get paid the least, and dutifully pay their taxes, has not benefited from Bush's tax-cut plan much."Garrison concludes, "A lot of cities in America did not enjoy the positive impact of the economic recovery. Washington D.C., on the other hand, has always been sheltered by the federal government. The wide gap between rich and poor in the District, therefore, deserves more in-depth study and exploration."英译汉参考答案美国首都贫富不均情况加重美国首都独立研究机构华盛顿特区财政政策研究院（DC Fiscal Policy Institute）于7月22日公布的一份其最新的研究报告显示，华盛顿特区的贫富差距居全美40个大都会区之冠，20%最富有的家庭其年收入高达$186,830美元，是20%最贫穷家庭年收入（仅$6,126美元）的31倍。

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