课件;高中英语 过去分词的用法

III. Past participle used as the Object
Complement (宾语补足语)
1. 表“希望，要求”的动词： want, wish, expect, wish, like, order + (to be) done 表示“希望/要求某人或某事被…”
e.g. I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday. Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned.
=The book, which was written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.
注：The problem （discussed yesterday） has something to do with daily life. （表示完成）
The problem （being discussed now） has nothing to do with daily life. （表示正在进行）
II. Past participles used as predictive（表语）
1. 过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态， 其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
过去分词：主语的感受，“感到…”，有被动意思。
e.g. They feel disappointed at the election.
常见的这类此有： interesting — interested encouraging — encouraged delighting—delighted disappointing—disappointed pleasing—pleased puzzling—puzzled satisfying—satisfied surprising—surprised worrying--worried
1.位置: 单个分词位于名词前，短语则在名词后, 被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑 主语。
The stolen car was found by the police last week.
The speaker answered all the questions raised by the audience.
现在分词: 表示动作是主动的和正在进行 过去分词: 表示动作是被动的和完成
一般式
现在分词 形式
doing
过去分词 形式
done
完成式 having done having been done
分词在句中可以作表语、定语、宾语补足 语和状语。
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I. Past participle used as attributes （定语）
I saw her coming into the classroom.
I saw her taken out of the classroom.
3. 使役动词: make, get, have, keep ,leave, etc.
e.g. We must get the table cloth washed. = We must ask somebody to wash the table cloth.
Have you heard a pop song sung in Japanese?
过去分词, 不定式, 现在分词作宾补的 区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系， 但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系， 不带to的不定式强调动作发生的全过程， 现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在 进行。
I saw her come into the classroom.
2.作用---相当于一个定语从句 （1）Is there anything planned for tonight ？
=Is there anything that has been planned for tonight? （2）The book, written in1957, tells the struggle of the miners.
(If I am) given more time, I’ll catch up with you.
e.g. 3. Born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.
He had his watch repaired.
4.在“with / without＋宾语＋宾补(过去分 词)”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动 宾关系。
e.g. Do you know the man with his hair tied back?
IV. Past participle used as the Adverbial(状语) 过去分词作状语相当于状语从句。
2. 表“感觉， 心理状态”的动词： see, hear, find, feel, think, watch, notice + object(宾语) + p.p.
e.g. We saw the thief caught by the police.
People found the water polluted.
e.g. 1. Asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry. 过去分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句
(When he was) asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry.
e.g. 2. Given more time, I’ll catch up with you. 过去分词作条件状语相当于条件状语从句
The window is broken. The inner gate was locked. She was greatly excited.
2. 与现在分词作表语的区别。 现在分词：主语的特征或性质，“令人…”，有主动意 思。
e.g. How disappointing the election is!