英语语调用法讲解学习

英语语调用法

英语语调用法歌诀

竹板一打声声高，我给大家唱语调。

英语语调并不难，请把规则记心间。

高就高，低就低，抑扬顿挫要牢记。

升调降调莫乱用，表达不同的意义。

陈述感叹祈使句，句末降调来达意。

特殊问句也一样，句末语调向下降。

一般问句要记清，句末语调往上升。

选择问句前后分，句末降调or前升。

反意问句要分清，升调降调有两种：

若表疑问用升调，加强语气降调用。

以上属于一般情（况），特殊情况看语境。

降调往往表示"完成"、"确定"等意思，升调往往表示"未完成"、"疑惑"等意思。课中讲升调时举的两例都是一般问句。这里我们学习许编《英语》一册第13课第96页的"一般问句"及其语调部分。要结合实例不断训练，掌握一般问句及其回答的语调讲的四大特点。第二点讲的"动词 to be, to have或助动词to do通常都重读"，初学者可这样。但如今人们讲话时往往不重读了。第四点

要补充的是如后跟副词not时就不重读， not重读。如与not紧缩在一起时就重读，如：isn't , don't等。

"特殊问句语调"(P.110) 在语音上：1)两类疑问词，无论疑问副词还是疑问代词，都有语句重音；疑问词又处句首，都是句子的第一个重音，声调最高，由此递降。2)不同于一般问句，一切特殊问句的句尾语调都为降调。

学生要好好朗读所举的例句，并做相应的回答，熟悉和逐步掌握特殊问句在语音上的特点。

祈使句在语音上，一般读降调。有时为了缓和强硬的语气，表示不强迫，也可用升调。注意小品词please在句中的前后位置及是否有语句重音。

英语的语调总的特点是，全句的调子一般都是由高逐渐降低，语调主要表现在句末，升调和降调通常分别用“↗”和“↘”来表示。

（1）升调

升调常用来表示不肯定，语意未完，或表示礼貌，常有含蓄、委婉、安慰、虚心征求意见等意味。升调的用法可归纳为以下五种情况：

①一般疑问句通常用升调。

Is he `making a ↗kite?

Are they `cleaning the ↗classroom?

Was the `traffic `very ↗busy?.

Does your `uncle `like `making `things, ↗too?

Did he `go `there `alone `last ↗night?

Must we `wash our `clothes ↗now?

Has your `father` finished the `work ↗yet?

②数数、列举事物或列举一连串的动作时，除最后那个并列成分用降调外，前面所有的并列成分都要用升调。

`Let’s `count our `new ↘books. ↗One, ↗two, ↗three, ↗four, ↘five. `Oh, we have ↘five new books.

We’d `li ke a `bottle of ↗coke, `two `bottles of `apple ↗juice, a ↗hamburger and `two ↗cakes.

`John `likes ↗running, ↗swimming and ↘skating, but he `doesn’t like playing ↗football, ↗basketball or ↘volleyball.

He `got ↗up, `got ↗dressed, `brushed his ↗teeth, `washed his ↗face, `had his ↗breakfast, and `then `quickly `went to ↘school.

The `old `man `came ↗in, `asked for a `cup of ↗tea and `sat `down at a ↘table.

③选择疑问句的语调分为两个部分，or前的部分用升调，or后的部分用降调，记成“前升后降”。

Is her `answer ↗right or ↘wrong?

Were they in the `high ↗jump or the `long ↘jump?

Would you `like a `cup of ↗tea or a `glass of ↘milk?

Do you `go to `school ↗late or ↘early?

`Which `colour do you `like `better, `light ↗blue or `dark ↘blue?

`Which do you pre`fer, `going to the ↗cinema or `going ↘swimming?

④反意疑问句的语调也得分两种情况：若说话者对所陈述的内容没有把握，想询问对方这一廉洁是否正确，则陈述句部分用降调，简略问句用升调；若说话者对所陈述的内容已经很有把握，只是想要对方同意自己的观点，或是想从对方那里得到证实，则前后两部分都用降调。

--Your `uncle is ↘tall, ↗isn’t he? --↘No, he’s very ↘short.

You `like ↘apples, ↗don’t you?

He `went to `London with his ↘family, ↗didn’t he?

-- You `won’t `go `there to↘morrow, ↗will you? -- ↘Yes, I ↘will.

-- His `sister has `never been to ↘Beijing, ↗has she? -- No, she↘hasn’t.

-- It’s a ↘fine day, ↘isn’t it? -- `Yes, it ↘is.

It’s `quite a `nice ↘picture, ↘isn’t it?

You were `born in `19`89. So you are ↘fifteen, ↘aren’t you?

⑤含状语从句的复合句的语调也要分两种情况：若主句在前，从句在后，主句结束时意思已比较完整，则通常用降调，整个句子读完时也应该用降调；但是，若从句在前，主句在后，则常常是“前升后降”。

I was `drawing a ↘picture when my `mother `came ↘back.

`When she `got to the ↗station, the `train had `already ↘left.

（2）降调

在英语句子中，降调的使用比升调更为广泛，它表示肯定、决断、坚决或终结，但有时含有生硬、不容质疑的意味。降调的用法可归纳为以下七种：

①陈述句用降调：

`Lucy is `cleaning her ↘bedroom.

`Li `Lei `doesn’t have a ↘watch.

I `like ↘swimming.

I’ve been to `Bei`jing `only ↘once.

②特殊疑问句也用降调：

`Whose is `this ↘coat?

`What `happened to her ↘car?

`Which `shirt do you ↘like?

`Where does your `English `teacher ↘come from?

`When is `Teachers’ ↘Day?

`Why `didn’t `Jim `come to `school ↘yesterday?

`How `long have you been at `this ↘school?