高级英语第一册第九课翻译

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(完整word版)高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇

(完整word版)高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇

高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇第一课词汇(Vocabulary)1.Bazaar (n.) : (in Oriental countries)a market or street of shops and stalls(东方国家的)市场,2. cavern (n.) :a cave,esp.a large cave洞穴,山洞(尤指大洞穴,大山洞)3. shadowy (adj.) :dim;indistinct模糊的;朦胧的4. FONT style=”BACKGROUND-COLOR:cornflowerblue" color=white〉harmonious (adj.):having musical tones combined to give a pleasing effect;consonant(音调)和谐的,悦耳的/harmoniously adv.5。

throng (n.) :a great number of people gathered together;crowd人群;群集6。

conceivable (adj。

):that can be conceived,imagined 可想象的,想得到的7. din (n.) :a loud,continuous noise喧闹声,嘈杂声8. would—be (adj.): intended to be预期成为……的;将要成为……的9。

muted (adj。

) :(of a sound)made softer than is usual(声音)减弱的10。

vaulted ( adj.) : having the form of a vault;arched穹窿形的;拱形的11。

sepulchral(n.) : suggestive of the grave or burial;dismal;gloomy坟墓般的;阴森森的13. guild (n.):any association for mutual aid and the promotion of common interests互助会;协会14. trestle (n。

《高级英语》第一册课文7-15翻译、词汇_张汉熙

《高级英语》第一册课文7-15翻译、词汇_张汉熙

Learn General Secretary on "two to learn a" strengthening "four Consciousnesses" important speech caused a strong reaction in the country. Time, watching "red treasure", the origin of building the party back to power, how to strengthen services for the masses, improve party cohesion, fighting to become the grass-roots party members and masses hot topic. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres, the pioneer spirit. Distribution of grass-roots party organizations in all walks of people, clothing, shelter, which belongs to the nerve endings of the party organization and comments reputation has a direct perception of the masses. Strengthen the party ahead of the "pedal" spirit; strengthen the party members and cadres "success does not have to be me" and "the first to bear hardships, the last to" service spirit to set the party's positive image among the people is important. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to cleanse all people not happy not to see "stereotypes", establish the honest faithful, diligent faith for the people. No need to avoid mentioning that, some members of our party can not stand the "money," corrosion of temptation, thin, Xu Zhou, such abuse and corrupt bribery, malfeasance borers, and rats. Two, is to clean up, thin, Xu, Zhou's solution to restore the party's fresh and natural, solid and honest work style. Cleansing "take, eat, card," undesirable and behaviour, "cross, hard and cold, push" attitude. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to strengthen the sense of ordinary party members, participating in consciousness, unity consciousness. For reasons known, members of grass-roots party branches less mobile, less resources, and the construction of party organizations have some lag. Two studies, is to focus on the grass-roots party branches "loose, soft, loose" problem, advance the party members and cadres, "a gang working", "Hong Kong report." Strong cleanup actions, style and rambling, presumptuous "unqualified" party members, pays special attention to party members and cadres "joining party of thought" problem. "Party building" is obtained in the long-term development of our party's historical experience accumulated. Two is our party under the new historical conditions, strengthen the party's construction of a new "rectification movement." Grass-roots party organizations should always catch the hard work, results-oriented. Two educational outcomes are long-term oriented and become an important impetus for the work. "Two" should have three kinds of consciousness "two" study and education, basic learning lies in the doing. Only the Constitution address the series of party rules, and do solid work, be qualified party members had a solid ideological basis. Only the "learning" and "do" real unity, to form a "learn-learn-do-do" the virtuous cycle, and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education. This requires that the Organization《高级英语》第一册课文翻译及词汇章美芳第七课神奇的集成电路片时代 (1)第八课互相作用的生活 (1)第九课马克•吐温——美国的一面镜子 (6)第十课震撼世界的审判 (13)第十一课词典的用途究竟何在? (21)第十二课潜水鸟 (29)第十三课大不列颠望洋兴叹 (40)第十四课阿真舍湾 (46)第十五课海上无路标 (62)learning education, need three kinds of consciousness: one is to establish an integrated awareness. "Learning" and "do" what car isTwo-wheel, bird wings, need to go hand in hand, one end can be neglected. Communist theoretician and man. Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value. "Learning" is the Foundation, the Foundation is not strong, shaking; " "Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts. "Two" education, "" lay the basis, going to "do" the key grip, so that the "learning" and "doing" back to standard, so that the majority of party members "learn" learning theory of nutrients, in the "doing" practice party's purposes. Second, to establish a sense of depth. "Learning" and "do" not Chu drawn, entirely different, but the organic unity of the whole. "Two" learning education, we need to explore integrating "learning" in "do", exhibit "do" in "Science". To avoid the "learning" into simple room instruction, "do" into a monotone for doing. Should exploration "learn" in the has "do", "do" in the has "learn" of education and practice of carrier, makes general grass-roots members can in "learn" in the has "do" of achievements sense, in "do" in the has "learn" of get sense, real makes party of theory brain into heart, put for people service concept outside of Yu shaped. Third, to adhere to long-term the awareness. Style construction on the road forever, "two" had to catch the long-term. "Two" study and education, by no means, assault-style wind-sport, but the recurrent education within the party. In recent years, the party's mass line education practice and "three-three" special education in grass-roots borne rich fruits, vast numbers of party members and cadres withstood the baptism of the spirit. "Two" greater need to focus on longer hold long-term, to establish and perfect the effective mechanism of the education, focusing on the creation of long-term education, strive to make the vast number of party members to maintain their vanguard Color, maintain the party's advanced nature and purity. Awareness-raising, antennas and atmosphere – a discussion on how leading cadres of party members "two" current, "two" activity is in full swing up and down the country, party cadres as a "key minority" is both a barometer and impetus. The "two" meaning enough deep, is to determine the party cadres can resolve to study hard first. In the "two" in the process, some cadres of himself, standing long, high awareness, that Constitution Party rules is simple, its not worth bothering some party cadres think speak series has nothing to do with the grass-roots work, water business learning series of speeches seen as window dressing. These "lazy, casual, and decadent" ideas learning lacks motivation, a serious impediment to "two" effect. John Stuart Mill once said, only a basic element of human thought patterns change dramatically, human destiny can make great improvement. The same, only party members and第七课神奇的集成电路片时代(节选)新生的微型技术将使社会发生巨变1这是一个极小的薄片,只有大约四分之一英寸见方。

高级英语课文翻译

高级英语课文翻译

第二课马拉喀什见闻一具尸体抬过,成群的苍蝇从饭馆的餐桌上瓮嗡嗡而起追逐过去,但几分钟过后又非了回来。

一支人数不多的送葬队伍——其中老少尽皆男性,没有一个女的——沿着集贸市场,从一堆堆石榴摊子以及出租汽车和骆驼中间挤道而行,一边走着一边悲痛地重复着一支短促的哀歌。

苍蝇之所以群起追逐是因为在这个地方死人的尸首从不装进棺木,只是用一块破布裹着放在一个草草做成的木头架子上,有四个朋友抬着送葬。

朋友们到了安葬场后,便在地上挖出一个一二英尺深的长方形坑,将尸首往坑里一倒。

再扔一些像碎砖头一样的日、干土块。

不立墓碑,不留姓名,什么识别标志都没有。

坟场只不过是一片土丘林立的荒野,恰似一片已废弃不用的建筑场地。

一两个月过后,就谁也说不准自己的亲人葬于何处了。

当你穿行也这样的城镇——其居民20万中至少有2万是除开一身聊以蔽体的破衣烂衫之外完全一无所有——当你看到那些人是如何生活,又如何动辄死亡时,你永远难以相信自己是行走在人类之中。

实际上,这是所有的殖民帝国赖以建立的基础。

这里的人都有一张褐色的脸,而且,人数书如此之多!他们真的和你意义同属人类吗?难道他们也会有名有姓吗?也许他们只是像彼此之间难以区分的蜜蜂或珊瑚虫一样的东西。

他们从泥土里长出来,受哭受累,忍饥挨饿过上几年,然后有被埋在那一个个无名的小坟丘里。

谁也不会注意到他们的离去。

就是那些小坟丘本身也过不了很久便会变成平地。

有时当你外出散步,穿过仙人掌丛时,你会感觉到地上有些绊脚的东西,只是在经过多次以后,摸清了其一般规律时,你才会知道你脚下踩的是死人的骷髅。

我正在公园里给一只瞪羚喂食。

动物中也恐怕只有瞪羚还活着时就让人觉得是美味佳肴。

事实上,人们只要看到它们那两条后腿就会联想到薄荷酱。

我现在喂着的这只瞪羚好象已经看透了我的心思。

它虽然叼走了拿在手上的一块面包,但显然不喜欢我这个人。

它一面啃食着面包,一面头一低向我顶过来,再啃一下面包又顶过来一次。

它大概还因为把我赶开之后那块面包仍会悬在空中。

高级英语第一册第九课翻译与练习答案

高级英语第一册第九课翻译与练习答案

第九课马克•吐温——美国的一面镜子(节选)诺埃尔•格罗夫在大多数美国人的心目中,马克•吐温是位伟大作家,他描写了哈克•费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆•索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。

的确,这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。

但我发现还有另一个不同的马克•吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克•吐温,一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。

印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家:马克•吐温原名塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯,他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地,体验着美国的新生活,尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。

他的笔名取自他在蒸汽船上做工时听到的报告水深为两口寻(12英尺)——意即可以通航的信号语。

他的作品中有二十几部至今仍在印行,其外文译本仍在世界各地拥有读者,由此可见他的享誉程度。

在马克•吐温青年时代,美国的地理中心是密西西比河流域,而密西西比河是这个年轻国家中部的交通大动脉。

龙骨船、平底船和大木筏载运着最重要的商品。

木材、玉米、烟草、小麦和皮货通过这些运载工具顺流而下,运送到河口三角洲地区,而砂糖、糖浆、棉花和威士忌酒等货物则被运送到北方。

在19世纪50年代,西部领土开发高潮到来之前,辽阔的密西西比河流域占美国已开发领土的四分之三。

1857年,少年马克•吐温作为蒸汽船上的一名小领航员踏人了这片天地。

在这个新的工作岗位上,他接触到的是各式各样的人物,看到的是一个多姿多彩的大干世界。

他完全地投身到这种生活之中,经常在操舵室里听着人们谈论民间争斗、海盗抢劫、私刑案件、游医卖药以及河边的一些化外民居的故事。

所有这一切,连同他那像留声机般准确可靠的记忆所吸收的丰富多彩的语言,后来都有机会在他的作品中得以再现。

蒸汽船的甲板上不仅挤满了富有开拓精神的人们,而且也载着一些娼妓、赌棍和歹徒等社会渣滓。

高级英语(第三版)第一册第九课 A More Perfect Union(Part I)[精]

高级英语(第三版)第一册第九课 A More Perfect Union(Part I)[精]
• “这对我来说不是个容易做出的决定,坦率地说这令我有些伤心,” 奥巴马在南达科他表示。“三一教会是我找到耶稣的地方,是我们结 婚的地方,是我们孩子受洗的地方。”
• 这位伊利诺伊州参议员上月切断了与该教会前牧师赖特的联系,後者 因反美和带有种族色彩的布道激怒了许多人。
• “很清楚我现在是总统候选人,每当某些事据说与三一教会(包括牧 师)有关时,这些言论将会归咎于我,即使它们与我长期持有的观点、 声明和原则相冲突,”奥巴马说道。
To be clear, usability testing is, at its core, a means to evaluate, not to create.
请记住,可用性测试的核心是评估,并非创造。
Para. 8. my own story…in no other country on Earth is my story even possible
Civil War and the enactment (制定法规) of Constitutional amendments 14
(1868) and 15 (1870).
Para. 4….was already embedded within our Constitution
• Embed: fix or set securely or deeply; etc. 嵌入, 根植于 • A love of colour is embedded in all of his paintings.
Obama vs. Pastor Wright
• 路透南达科他阿伯丁5月31日电(记者Deborah Charles)---民主党总统候 选人奥巴马周六表示,他将退出芝加哥三一联合基督教会,避免因该 教会引发的争议困扰11月的总统大选。

2021年《高级英语》课文逐句翻译(9)

2021年《高级英语》课文逐句翻译(9)

2021年《高级英语》课文逐句翻译(9)Lesson Nine The Trouble with Television 电视的弊端The Trouble with Television要摆脱电视的影响是困难的。

It is difficult to escape the influence of television.假如统计的平均数字适用于你的话,那么你到20岁的时候就至少看过2万个小时的电视了,从那以后每生活10年就会增加1万小时。

If you fit the statistical averages,by the age of 20 you will have been exposed to at least 20,000 hours of television. You can add 10,000 hours for each decade you have lived after the age of 20.笔起看电视,美国人只有在工作和睡眠上花时间更多。

The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep.稍微计算一下,使用这些时间的一部分能够做些什么。

Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours.听说一个大学生仅用5000小时就可以获得学士学位。

Five thousand hours,I am told,are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor’s degree.在1万个小时内你能学成一个天文学家或工程师,流利掌握几门外语。

In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently.如果你感兴趣的话,你可能读希腊原文的荷马史诗或俄文版的陀思妥耶夫斯基的作品;如果对此不感兴趣,那你可以徒步周游世界,撰写一本游记。

现代大学英语精读1 UNIT9 After Twenty Years 课文翻译

现代大学英语精读1 UNIT9 After Twenty Years  课文翻译

2014101018第九单元Translation of Text A二十年后1正在巡逻的警察精神抖擞的沿着大街走着。

他这样引人注目并不奇怪,并不是为了招摇,因为此时大街上根本没有什么观众。

时间还不到晚上十点钟,但夹带着雨意的冷风几乎清空了整个街道。

2警察边走边检查门是否关好了,他十分灵巧的不停转动着警棍,眼光还不时头像平静的街道,他那魁梧的身材,配上卓越不凡的气势,就是一副治安维持者的形象。

那个地区的人晚上休息的很早。

你偶尔还能看到一家雪茄店或是昼夜营业的饭店还在亮着灯,但是觉得大多数的店铺都已经关门了。

3在一个街区的半路上,警察忽然放慢了脚步。

在一家已经关门的五金店的门廊里,一个男子倚在那里,嘴里叼着一只未点燃的雪茄。

当警察朝他走去时,男人赶忙毫不犹豫的说。

4“没事的,长官。

”他坦然的说。

“我只是在等一个朋友,这是二十年前就定好的约会,听起来有点荒唐。

是吧?哦,如果你想弄明白事情的真相,我就说个你听。

大约二十年前,在这家五金商店说在的位置曾经是一家餐馆——“大乔”布雷迪餐馆。

”5“那家餐馆五年前还在,”警察说道,“后来就被拆除了。

”6门廊里的人划着火柴,点着了烟。

火光映出了一张苍白的,方正下巴的脸,一双尖锐的眼睛,右边眉毛附近还有一道泛白的疤痕。

他的领带夹上镶着一颗大钻石,镶的十分奇怪。

7“二十年前的这个晚上,”男子说,“我和吉米-威尔斯在大乔布雷迪餐馆共进晚餐,他是我最好的朋友,也是世界上最好的人。

我和他一起在纽约长大,亲如手足。

当年,我18岁,吉米20岁。

第二天早晨,我就要动身去西部赚钱去了。

吉米是无论如何也不会离开纽约的,他认为这是世界上最好的地方。

那天晚上我们定好,就在20年后的同一天,同一时间,我们都要在这里碰面,不管我们的情况如何,也不管我们相隔多远。

我们觉得不管怎么样,20年后的我们命运也应该有一个好结果了,该发财的也已经发财了。

8“挺起来有点意思,”警察说道。

“尽管在我看来,你们俩见面的时间间隔长了点,自从你离开后,你和你的朋友还有联系吗?”9“哦,有的,有一段时间我们相互通信。

高级英语第一册课文翻译_张汉熙版

高级英语第一册课文翻译_张汉熙版

高级英语第一册课文翻译第一课中东的集市中东的集市仿佛把你带回到了几百年、甚至几千年前的时代。

此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市,其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。

你首先要穿过一个赤日耀眼、灼热逼人的大型露天广场,然后走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。

这市场一直向前延伸,一眼望不到尽头,消失在远处的阴影里。

赶集的人们络绎不绝地进出市场,一些挂着铃铛的小毛驴穿行于这熙熙攘攘的人群中,边走边发出和谐悦耳的叮当叮当的响声。

市场的路面约有十二英尺宽,但每隔几码远就会因为设在路边的小货摊的挤占而变窄;那儿出售的货物各种各样,应有尽有。

你一走进市场,就可以听到摊贩们的叫卖声,赶毛驴的小伙计和脚夫们大着嗓门叫人让道的吆喝声,还有那些想买东西的人们与摊主讨价还价的争吵声。

各种各样的噪声此伏彼起,不绝于耳,简直叫人头晕。

随后,当往市场深处走去时,人口处的喧闹声渐渐消失,眼前便是清静的布市了。

这里的泥土地面,被无数双脚板踩踏得硬邦邦的,人走在上面几乎听不到脚步声了,而拱形的泥砖屋顶和墙壁也难得产生什么回音效果。

布店的店主们一个个都是轻声轻气、慢条斯理的样子;买布的顾客们在这种沉闷压抑的气氛感染下,自然而然地也学着店主们的榜样,变得低声细语起来。

中东集市的特点之一是经销同类商品的店家,为避免相互间的竞争,不是分散在集市各处,而是都集中在一块儿,这样既便于让买主知道上哪儿找他们,同时他们自己也可以紧密地联合起来,结成同盟,以便保护自己不受欺侮和刁难。

例如,在布市上,所有那 1些卖衣料、窗帘布、椅套布等的商贩都把货摊一个接一个地排设在马路两边,每一个店铺门面前都摆有一张陈列商品的搁板桌和一些存放货物的货架。

讨价还价是人们习以为常的事。

头戴面纱的妇女们迈着悠闲的步子从一个店铺逛到另一个店铺,一边挑选一边问价;在她们缩小选择范围并开始正儿八经杀价之前,往往总要先同店主谈论几句,探探价底。

对于顾客来说,至关重要的一点是,不到最后一刻是不能让店主猜到她心里究竟中意哪样东西、想买哪样东西的。

高级英语(1)第三版Lesson9AMorePerfectUnion翻译答案

高级英语(1)第三版Lesson9AMorePerfectUnion翻译答案

高级英语(1)第三版Lesson9AMorePerfectUnion翻译答案Lesson 9 “A More Perfect Union” (Part I)Translation1.他把网上的流传当成一个笑话,不予理睬。

2.马克?吐温的《竞选州长》是一片著名的短篇故事。

3.对于遭受灾难的人们,我们应该毫无保留地帮助他们。

4.考虑到他们没有经验,他们的工作成绩还是相当不错的。

5.她是在华裔人占主导地位的社区里长大的。

6.心情不好不能成为你对同事粗暴的理由。

7.警方把这件事视作“误解”而草草了事。

参考译文1.He dismissed the story circulating on the Internet as a joke.2.Mark Twain’s “Running for Governor” is a famous short story.3.We should reach out without reservation to those who suffer from disasters.4.Given their lack of experience, their work should be considered as above average.5.She grew up in a community where the inhabitants were predominantly of Chinese origin.6.Being in a bad mod cannot justify your rude behavoir toward your colleagues.7.The police dismissed the incident as a case of misunderstanding.。

高级英语第一册Lesson 9

高级英语第一册Lesson 9

Lesson NineMark Twain-Mirror of AmericaDetailed Study of the T ext1. Mirror of America: Mirror here means a person who gives a true representation or description of the country. All literary giants in human history are also great historians, thinkers, and philosophers in a sense. Their works often reveal more truth than many political essays put together, and their names usually live in people’s memory long after the names of all the kings and queens that ruled the country are forgotten. Mark Twain was one of these giants, and his life and works are a mirror of the America of his time.2.Huck Finn’s idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood: Huck Finn’s simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal.3.every bit: altogether; entirelyTheir design is every bit as good as ours.他们的设计方案同我们的相比毫不逊色。

新概念英语第一册课文翻译「Lesson9」

新概念英语第一册课文翻译「Lesson9」

新概念英语第一册课文翻译「Lesson9」新概念英语第一册课文翻译「Lesson9」下面这篇课文是关于见面打招呼的对话,后面附有课文翻译、知识点讲解和生词。

希望能帮到大家!【课文】STEVEN: Hello, Helen.HELEN: Hi, Steven.STEVEN: How are you today?HELEN: I'm very well, thank you.And you?STEVEN: I'm fine, thanks.STEVEN: How is Tony?HELEN: He's fine, thanks.How's Emma?STEVEN: She's very well, too, Helen.STEVEN: Goodbye, Helen.Nice to see you.HELEN: Nice to see you, too, Steven.Goodbye.【课文翻译】史蒂文:你好,海伦。

海伦:你好,史蒂文。

史蒂文:你今天好吗?海伦:很好,谢谢你。

你好吗?史蒂文:很好,谢谢。

史蒂文:托尼好吗?海伦:他很好,谢谢。

埃玛好吗?史蒂文:她也很好,海伦。

史蒂文:再见,海伦。

见到你真高兴。

海伦:我见到你也很高兴,史蒂文。

再见。

see v. 见【知识点讲解】1. 本课讲到了问候和回答的方式。

一般的问候客套话我们在第五课里给大家讲过,包括“早晨好、中午好、你好吗?”等等,本课的课文中也讲到了"How are you? I'm fine, thanks."(你好吗?我很好,谢谢。

)的句式。

那么如果你其实感觉不好,又要怎么回答呢?How are you today, Emma?你今天好嘛艾玛?I don't feel very well./ Not bad./I'm having a headache.我感觉不太舒服。

自考高级英语上册课文翻译

自考高级英语上册课文翻译

课文翻译(Translation of the text)第一课超级摇滚巨星——关于我们自己和我们的社会,他们告诉我们些什么?摇滚乐是青少年反叛的音乐。

一—摇滚乐评论家约翰·罗克韦尔由其崇拜的人即可知其人。

——小说家罗伯特·佩恩·沃伦1972年6月中旬的一天,芝加哥圆形露天剧场里观众如潮,群情激昂,狂摇猛摆。

台上,滚石乐队的米克·贾格尔正在演唱“午夜漫步人”。

演唱结束时评论家唐·赫克曼在现场。

他说:“贾格尔抓起一个装有半加伦水的罐子沿着舞台前沿跑动,把里面的水往前几排狂热的听众身上洒。

他们蜂拥地跟随他,热切地希望能淋上几滴这洗礼的圣水。

”1973年12月下旬的一天,大约一万四千名尖声叫喊的歌迷在华盛顿市外的首都中心剧场嘈杂地涌向台前。

美国的恐怖歌星艾利斯·库珀正要结束自己表演。

他借助断头台假装结束自己生命来结束表演。

他的“头”落人一个草篮中。

“啊!”一个穿黑衣服的女孩惊呼道,“啊,太了不起了!”十四岁的迈克·玻利也在场,但他的父母并不在。

“他们觉得他令人恶心,”迈克说,“他们对我说,‘你怎么能忍受那种东西?’”1974年1月下旬的一天,在纽约州尤宁代尔的拿骚体育馆里,鲍勃·狄伦和乐队正在为音乐会上用的乐器调音。

场外瓢泼大雨中,摇滚乐迷克利斯·辛格正等着入场。

“这是朝圣,”克利斯说,“我应该跪着爬进去。

”你是如何看待所有这些溢美之词与英雄崇拜?当米克·贾格尔迷们把他视为至高的神父或神明时,你是赞成他们还是反对他们?你和克利斯·辛格一样对鲍勃·狄伦怀有几乎是宗教般的崇敬吗?你认为他或狄伦步入歧途了吗?你是否嫌艾利斯·库珀表演恶心而不接受他?还是你莫名其妙地被这个怪异的小丑吸引,因为他表现了你最疯狂的幻想?这并非是些随便问问的问题。

有些社会学家认为,你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想些什么,社会在想些什么。

现代大学英语精读1UNIT9AfterTwentyYears课文翻译

现代大学英语精读1UNIT9AfterTwentyYears课文翻译

第九单元二十年后正在巡逻地警察精神抖擞地沿着大街走着.他这样引人注目并不奇怪,并不是为了招摇,因为此时大街上根本没有什么观众.时间还不到晚上十点钟,但夹带着雨意地冷风几乎清空了整个街道.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习警察边走边检查门是否关好了,他十分灵巧地不停转动着警棍,眼光还不时头像平静地街道,他那魁梧地身材,配上卓越不凡地气势,就是一副治安维持者地形象.那个地区地人晚上休息地很早.你偶尔还能看到一家雪茄店或是昼夜营业地饭店还在亮着灯,但是觉得大多数地店铺都已经关门了.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习在一个街区地半路上,警察忽然放慢了脚步.在一家已经关门地五金店地门廊里,一个男子倚在那里,嘴里叼着一只未点燃地雪茄.当警察朝他走去时,男人赶忙毫不犹豫地说.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习“没事地,长官.”他坦然地说.“我只是在等一个朋友,这是二十年前就定好地约会,听起来有点荒唐.是吧?哦,如果你想弄明白事情地真相,我就说个你听.大约二十年前,在这家五金商店说在地位置曾经是一家餐馆——“大乔”布雷迪餐馆.”文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习“那家餐馆五年前还在,”警察说道,“后来就被拆除了.”门廊里地人划着火柴,点着了烟.火光映出了一张苍白地,方正下巴地脸,一双尖锐地眼睛,右边眉毛附近还有一道泛白地疤痕.他地领带夹上镶着一颗大钻石,镶地十分奇怪.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习“二十年前地这个晚上,”男子说,“我和吉米威尔斯在大乔布雷迪餐馆共进晚餐,他是我最好地朋友,也是世界上最好地人.我和他一起在纽约长大,亲如手足.当年,我岁,吉米岁.第二天早晨,我就要动身去西部赚钱去了.吉米是无论如何也不会离开纽约地,他认为这是世界上最好地地方.那天晚上我们定好,就在年后地同一天,同一时间,我们都要在这里碰面,不管我们地情况如何,也不管我们相隔多远.我们觉得不管怎么样,年后地我们命运也应该有一个好结果了,该发财地也已经发财了.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习“挺起来有点意思,”警察说道.“尽管在我看来,你们俩见面地时间间隔长了点,自从你离开后,你和你地朋友还有联系吗?”文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习“哦,有地,有一段时间我们相互通信.”那男子说.“可是一两年后我们就失去了联系,你知道,西部是个大地方,而我又忙着东奔西跑.不过我知道,如果吉米还活着,他就会来这儿和我见面地.因为他一直是世界上最忠诚、最好地老朋友.他绝不会忘记地,今晚我千里迢迢来到这个门前等他,只要我地老伙计露面,一切都是值得地.”文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习这个男子掏出一块漂亮地怀表,标盖上镶嵌着许多小钻石.“差分钟十点,”他说,“我们当时在餐馆地门口分开时正好是十点钟.”“在西部游荡地不错,是吧?”警察问道.“那是当然了!我希望吉米地情况能赶上我地一半就好了.虽然他是个好人,但他是个迟钝地人,为了赚钱,我不得不和那些头脑机灵地人较量.在纽约,人不免墨守成规.但在西部,确实会让人变得机灵.”文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习警察转了转警棍,走了一两步.“我要接着巡逻了,希望你地朋友如约而至.你要马上走吗?”“不会地!”那个男子说.“我至少会再等他半个小时.如果吉米还活在世上,到那时他一定回来地.再见,长官.”文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习“晚安,先生,”警察说道,沿着他要巡逻地街道走去.此时天上下起了冰冷地细雨,刮着阵阵寒风.街道上寥寥无几地行人竖起高高地领子,双手插进衣袋,阴沉着脸默默赶路.从千里之外赶来与年轻时地朋友见面地那个男子仍然站在五金商店门廊里,抽着雪茄等候着.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习他大约等了分钟,这时一个身着长大衣,衣领竖到耳朵地高大男人,匆匆地从街道对面走来,他径直朝那个等候地男子走去.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习“是你吗?鲍勃?”他迟疑地问道.“是你吗,吉米威尔斯?”门廊里地人叫道.“我地天啊!”来地人惊叫着,抓住了对方地收.“没错,你是鲍勃.我就知道如果你还活着,我就会在这里见到你.哎呀,年可不短,这个老餐馆已经没了,鲍勃.真希望他还在,那么我们就又可以在这里吃晚餐了,老朋友,你在西部过地怎么样?”文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习“他给了我想要地一切,你变了很多啊,吉米.我没想到你长这么高了.”“哦,岁后我长高了一点.”“在纽约过地还不错吧,吉米?”“马马虎虎,我在市政部门谋了个职位.来吧,鲍勃,我知道个地方,我们可以去那叙叙旧.”两个人手挽手朝街上走去.西部来地那个男子充满了成功地骄傲,开始描述自己地创业史.另一个人锁在大衣里,饶有兴趣地听着.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习街角处有家药店,灯火通明.当他们来到亮出时,两个人不约而同地盯着对方地脸.西部来地男子突然停下脚步,抽出自己地手臂.“你不是吉米威尔斯,”他;厉声说道.“年时间不短,但也不足改变一个人地鼻子地大小.”“但有时他却能把一个好人变成一个坏人.”高个子男子说.“你十分钟前已经被捕了,‘滑头’鲍勃.芝加哥警方已经察觉到你可能到我们这里了,发电报告诉我们说想和你谈谈.乖乖和我走吧,这才是明智地.现在,在我们去警察局之前,有人让我给你捎张纸条.可以站在窗边看.这是威尔斯警官写给你地.“文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习西部来地男子打开了交给他地那张字条.当他读时,他地手微微颤抖,纸条内容很短.鲍勃,我准时到了约定地地点.当你划着火柴点着雪茄地时候,我看到那正是芝加哥警方通缉地那张脸.不管怎么样,我自己下不了手,所以我找了个便衣来完成这个任务.文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习。

《高级英语(第一册)》课后翻译习题及答案

《高级英语(第一册)》课后翻译习题及答案

《高级英语(第一册)》课后翻译习题及答案Lesson 1 the Middle Eastern Bazaar1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people.little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3) they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price downthey drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4) he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargainingHe will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your earAs you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strikeyour ear.X.1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.2)集市上有许多小摊子,出售的货物应有尽有At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.3) 我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。

高英一册第九课词语解释

高英一册第九课词语解释

Unit NineMark Twain---Mirror of AmericaHis houseMark Twain’s Original House in Hartford, ConnecticutKeelboatPlatboatGold Rush:1830s-1860s3. every bit: from the beginning to the end, completely 从头至尾的,完全的The ending is every bit as good as the beginning.He wanted to be elected every bit as much as his brother.He has eaten every bit of his dinner.4. cynical: a. believing that people are motivated in all their actions only by selfishness, without any sincerity.Sarcastic, sneering 愤世嫉俗的,玩世不恭的,Eg. A sarcastic remarkCynicism 玩世不恭,犬儒主义; cynicallyn. Cynic5. deal: I vt. giveDeal sb. a blowHe dealt the boy a blow on the ear.II. n. 买卖,交易 Eg. a business deal6.Obsess: vi. haunt; preoccupied with a single emotion or topic1) 被...困饶Eg. He was obsessed with/by fear of future./Fear of future obsessed him.2) be obsessed with: 对…着迷He is obsessed with money.He was obsessed with a wish for power.n. obsession, a, obsessive cf. obese 肥胖的7. frailty: weakness, being frail 脆弱性,弱点Frail: a. physically weakAfter the illness, the boy turned to be frail.Her frail hands can’t hold the cupPa.28. tramp: n. a journey on foot, hike ; a wanderer步行, 徒步旅行; 徒步旅行者; 流浪者10. Confederate: n. a member of the ConfederacyDuring the American Civil War, it referred to the 11 states in the South: The Confederate States of America南部邦联 Confederate Army vs. Union Army11. guerrilla: 游击队员,cf. gorilla:大猩猩guerrilla war游击战12. prospector: n. a person who prospects勘探者,淘金者Prospect: vi.勘13. starry-eyed: with sparkling eyes, idealistic 过于理想的14. acid-tongued: sarcastic in tone 尖酸的,尖刻的Cf. sweet tongued15. range : vt. wander or travel across the countryHe ranged the whole world in search of excitements.走遍山中漫游: The children ranged the hills.2) 排列 to range chairsRange:II. n.a range of buildings, 一排a range of tools / mountain range(一系列) 山脉the range of vision 目视范围one’s range of responsibility 职责范围come into range 进入射程16. the new American experience:He lived in the stirring years: the American-Mexican War, the Civil War, the Gold Rush, the westward expansion and the American Spanish War.17. attest: (fml) v. prove to be trueEg. They tried to attest the truth of the statement.Eg to attest a signature,His success attested his industry.I can attest to the truth of his words.The child’s good health attests his mother’s care.n. attestation; attestorPa.319. artery: n. the main road or channel动脉,主干线22. commerce: commoditiesabstract for the concrete23. lumber: n. processed wood, beams, planks, boards, of convenient sizeCf. timber: unprocessed wood24. delta: n. mouth of a river 三角洲25. The climax of westward expansion:In the 19th. C. America expanded its territory. In this westward expansion, there happened the massacre of Indians, the Louisiana Purchase (1803), etc.In 1848, gold was found in Calif. The news spread far and wide. People rushed there to seek their fortune. That was ―Gold Rush.‖ It reached its climax in the 1860s.26. basin: 流域The Amazon basinThe Yellow River basindrain: v. 排水,Drain the water from the pool.A swamp was drained to grow vegetables.n. 排水沟Eg The drains are blocked up.drainage area流域面积,drainage system排水系统Here: to flow throughPa.427. cub:n. an inexperienced awkward ill-mannered youth 幼兽,年轻人,新手eg cub pilot 见习领航员28. cast: n. 演员表a cast of: a set of, a series of30. feud: a bitter and continued quarrel between families 世仇, 夙怨31. piracy: n. robbery of ships at the sea, the act of piratepirateEg a pirated book, pirated discs, pirate label 非法录制的唱片,磁带等32. lynch:I.n. II. V. to kill a person without lawful trial私刑处死33. medicine shows: shows given by fake doctors or Indians who travel from town to town to sell their medicine游医卖药e.g. snake bite medicine35. soak: vt. To immerse in liquid 浸泡Eg Your coat is soaking in the sink.她把脏衣服泡在水里。

高级英语第一册Unit9 Mark Twain--Mirror of America

高级英语第一册Unit9 Mark Twain--Mirror of America

P1. A short summary of his life; An overall estimation
on the one hand, adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous, optimistic. on the other, grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies, obsessed with the frailties of the human race, pessimistic.

frailty: a fault, especially weakness of
resolution, arising from the imperfections of human nature. One of his frailties is laziness. Faith in the mouse as model for human frailties is extraordinarily strong among scientists. The more people see them the more they see the human frailties.
flirt (with)



Try to attract the person of the opposite sex; show affection for amusement without serious intentions; pretend to be interested in; think about but not seriously; She flirts with every handsome man she meets. He flirted with the idea of going to Europe, though he couldn’t afford it. 他以去欧洲的遐想自娱,虽然他没有这笔钱。

高级英语1第三版课文翻译及单词

高级英语1第三版课文翻译及单词

高级英语(第三版)第一册课文译文和词汇张汉熙版Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille迎战卡米尔号飓风约瑟夫.布兰克小约翰。

柯夏克已料到,卡米尔号飓风来势定然凶猛。

就在去年8月17日那个星期天,当卡米尔号飓风越过墨西哥湾向西北进袭之时,收音机和电视里整天不断地播放着飓风警报。

柯夏克一家居住的地方一-密西西比州的高尔夫港--肯定会遭到这场飓风的猛烈袭击。

路易斯安那、密西西比和亚拉巴马三州沿海一带的居民已有将近15万人逃往内陆安全地带。

但约翰就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样,不愿舍弃家园,要他下决心弃家外逃,除非等到他的一家人一-妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄从三岁到十一岁的孩子一一眼看着就要灾祸临头。

为了找出应付这场风灾的最佳对策,他与父母商量过。

两位老人是早在一个月前就从加利福尼亚迁到这里来,住进柯夏克一家所住的那幢十个房间的屋子里。

他还就此征求过从拉斯韦加斯开车来访的老朋友查理?希尔的意见。

约翰的全部产业就在自己家里(他开办的玛格纳制造公司是设计、研制各种教育玩具和教育用品的。

公司的一切往来函件、设计图纸和工艺模具全都放在一楼)。

37岁的他对飓风的威力是深有体会的。

四年前,他原先拥有的位于高尔夫港以西几英里外的那个家就曾毁于贝翠号飓风(那场风灾前夕柯夏克已将全家搬到一家汽车旅馆过夜)。

不过,当时那幢房子所处的地势偏低,高出海平面仅几英尺。

"我们现在住的这幢房子高了23英尺,,'他对父亲说,"而且距离海边足有250码远。

这幢房子是1915年建造的。

至今还从未受到过飓风的袭击。

我们呆在这儿恐怕是再安全不过了。

"老柯夏克67岁.是个语粗心慈的熟练机械师。

他对儿子的意见表示赞同。

"我们是可以严加防卫。

度过难关的,"他说?"一但发现危险信号,我们还可以赶在天黑之前撤出去。

" 为了对付这场飓风,几个男子汉有条不紊地做起准备工作来。

高级英语第一册第九课马克吐温(AdvancedEnglish,Volume1,lessonni..

高级英语第一册第九课马克吐温(AdvancedEnglish,Volume1,lessonni..

高级英语第一册第九课马克吐温(Advanced English, Volume 1,lesson ninth, Mark, Twain)Ninth lessonsMark, Twain -- a mirror of the United States(excerpt)Noel grove?Mark most Americans think that? Twain is a great writer, he describes Huck? Finn eternal childhood is full of a quality suggestive of poetry or painting journey and Tom Sawyer? Freedom and adventure in the long summer days. Indeed, the most popular writer of the spirit of exploration, patriotic, romantic temperament and humorous style to reach the peak of perfection degree. But I found that there is a different Mark? Twain Mark: a life tragedy by blow and become, sarcastic ridicule Twain, detest the world and its ways? A human quality of weakness and care-laden, clearly see the future is a dark man.The printing industry, the navigator, Confederate guerrillas, gold prospector starry eyed optimist, acid tongued: Mark? Twain Samuel? Clemence, Lang Hearn? He lives with more than 1/3 of the time traveled across the United States, to experience a new life in the United States, and then as writer and lecturer he felt that all this to the world. His pen name was a report he heard when he was working on a steamship. The water was two (12 feet) wide - meaning navigable. His works are more than 20 isstill in print, and translations are still have readers around the world, but his reputation degree.In Mark, Twain's youth, the geographic center of the United States was the Mississippi River, the great artery of communication in the middle of the young country. The keel, the gondola, and the raft carry the most important goods. Wood, corn, tobacco, wheat and furs through these vehicles transported to the downstream river delta, and sugar, syrup, cotton and whiskey goods were transported to the north. Prior to the climax of Western territorial development in 1850s, the vast Mississippi River Basin accounted for 3/4 of the United States' already developed territories.In 1857, young Mark Twain stepped into the world as a small pilot on a steamboat. In this new job, he came into contact with all kinds of people, and he saw a colorful world. He is completely devoted to the life, often in the steering room listening to people talk about civil strife, piracy, lynching cases, Youyi sell drugs as well as riverside houses some outsider story. All this, and the rich and colorful language absorbed by his memory, as accurate as a phonograph, had the chance to be reproduced in his work.The steamboat deck is not only full of pioneering spirit of the rich people, but also carrying some prostitutes, gamblers and gangsters scum. From all these different kinds of people, Mark Twain acutely knows human beings and knows the difference between people's words and actions. His four and a half years on the steamboat was the beginning of his real education and the most profound education. Late in life, Mark? Twain alsoacknowledged that the river made him understand a variety of human nature. This experience of life contributed to all his creations, but the most successful ones he described were the men on the Mississippi river.With the development of railway transportation, the demand for steamboat pilots in society is decreasing day by day, and the outbreak of civil war hinders the development of commercial trade. At this point, Mark Twain left the Mississippi River basin. He was a ragtag team of Confederate guerrillas for two weeks of soldiers. The team tried every means to avoid fighting the enemy. After convinced that "I am more proficient in retreating than the people who invented the retreat", Mark Twain left the team.He went west by stagecoach, by the gold rush was popular at that time in the state of Nevada area HuaSu temptation. After the great wealth that only lucky and the persistent would have hit eight months of two minds work, he failed.After bankruptcy and discouragement, he accepted a job as a reporter for the territorial development newspaper in Virginia, a move that will be forever appreciated by the literary community.Ever since he was disheartened by the failure of the gold rush, Mark Twain began to strive for regional prestige as a newspaper reporter and humorist. Journalistic work certainly cannot make him like gold winners like become wealthy, but in the money his pen is better than his pickax much more effective. In the spring of 1864, less than two years before he joined the territorydevelopment newspaper, he traveled to San Francisco in the stagecoach, a cradle of promising young writers both then and now.Mark? Twain honed and experimented with his new pen, but because he wrote some sharp commentary and forced to leave the city. His sharp criticism around the mistreatment of Chinese issues presented to the municipal government angered officials angry, because he had to flee to the valley of Sacramento gold district temporarily revive. His description of the pioneers there made the west coast region more innovative and modern. "People here are really amazing, because those clumsy-handed, lazy in the doldrums, idiotic stay at home...... It is those people as California won such a reputation: when they set out on a magnificent career, they will at any cost or risk in a heroic spirit and dash forward, in the end of one thousand. Californians still keep this reputation, therefore, when they launch a new shaking heaven and earth feats, those who will be wiser as usual, smiled and said: "well, this is the California style."."In the winter of 1864 and 1865, Mark Twain was spent in the Ann Giles mining area. On this dreary day, he took a note. In the out of order about the weather condition and boring about the entries in the food area with a day to hear a story narrative record, this record determines the direction of his career: "Coleman with his jumping frog - and bet $50 -- no stranger stranger jumping frog, Coleman to give him a stranger to use this time to bring a leap frog belly with lead bullets, so, don't jump to leapfrog, jumping frog strangers can win."After Mark Twain's beautiful style of writing? Rewrite this story appeared in newspapers across the United States, "he became known to every family famous jumping frog". At this point, Mark? Twain as the "Pacific coast Wild Humorist" reputation in the country has been firmly established.Two years later, he had an opportunity to observe the old continent of Europe with an American eye. In the city of New York, the steamer "Philadelphia" is ready for a sightseeing cruise to Europe and the Holy land. This is the first time Americans have organized larger groups of sightseeing tours - and they can also be seen as milestones in the history of a nation's development. Mark Twain, a journalist in a California newspaper, was appointed to interview with the tour group. If readers expect to read about the travels of the description in high spirit, that they are going to feel surprise.For example, for the Turkey monarchs he had given him what good impression Sultan is reported, "people can choose a place to set a trap, quasi overnight can capture a dozen more capable people." He boasted of some disdained revered artists and art treasures, even dare to profane words to insult to the religious holy land. After returning home, more and more newspapers began to publish his articles, and all the United States laughed with him. He returned to the United States, his travel notes "Innocents Abroad travel" immediately became a bestseller.At the age of thirty-six, Mark Twain began living in Connecticut, Hartford,All his best work came out at that time.As early as 1870, Mark Twain attempted to write a story about a boy's childhood adventure, which he called Billy Rodgers. Two years later, he changed the hero's name to Tom and proceeded to adapt the story into a play. It was not until 1874 that he began to expand the story seriously. Published in 1876, Tom Sawyer soon became a classic of American children's stories. The film about Tom's mischievous daring ingenuity and he told Betsy? Thatcher innocence of the feelings of the story almost like the "Declaration of independence" as in American schools today reading books.Mark, Twain's own declaration of independence, was expressed by another character. In the sixth chapter of "Tom Sawyer", he introduces the village vagrant, the son of the town drunkard, Huckleberry, Finn". Huck et al in the Puritan widow Douglas to live a decent life, to his friend Tom escaped from there? Yafa cable complaint said: "I tried, or not; not ah, Tom. That's not my day...... The widow's house listens to the bells, sleeps to the bells, the bells to the bells, and everything to be fixed."Nine years after Tom Sawyer swept the United States, Huck was given an independent life and became the hero of a book that many people believe is the most successful description of the American people. He with a runaway slave on a raft along the Mississippi River floating range show a picture to reveal the vivid picture of American social life picture. The Mississippi River, especially for Huck? The character of Finn's description, Mark Twain? You want to get out from the bound himself and often make their own distress the pace of life, from life and all the sacred rules of the religious order for the cause of the successof the hard struggle of the liberation of desire expression was most incisive.Mark Twain argues that there is a missing ingredient in American ideals. He said: "we just have to lie down occasionally and take a good rest, and keep the corner of the frontier, and we'll be able to be a vibrant nation, what an intellectual nation!"!"Mark? Twain's life is shrouded in the shadow of tragedy, their loved ones one by one: his father died when he was twelve years old died of pneumonia, his brother Henry in a steamboat explosion killed; his son Langdon is nineteen months away from the world. His eldest daughter, Susie, died of spinal meningitis; Mrs. Clemence died of heart disease in Florence; and his little daughter drowned in an upstairs bath due to an epileptic seizure.This had made the world laugh himself is all the bitterness of human life. In his early writings the moral sermon was wrapped in a humorous coat, and now humor is a hot satire. For the United States Army massacred six hundred Philippines Moro behavior in a volcano, he did not directly attack, but pretended to sing the praises of. In the mysterious stranger, he pointed out that human beings should abandon religious fantasies and rely on themselves rather than God to create a better world.His own last fantasy, then, seemed to be dashed. In his old age, when he was dictating his autobiography, he spoke with extreme despair about the ultimate liberation of man from earthly suffering:"...... They vanished from the world; they were insignificant and accomplished in the world; and even theirexistence was a mistake, a failure, a folly. Nothing in the world has left a trace of their existence. The world has given them only one day's sorrow and everlasting forgetfulness."。

高英第九课

高英第九课

高英第九课Lesson 9Para.1-5A single knoll rises out of the plain.(para.1.1)一座孤零零的小山拔地而起…In summer the prairie is an anvil?s edge.(para.1.4)(1)Anvil?s edge anvil铁砧and anvil?s edge is hot, tough, hard. Here anvil is used metaphorically.(2)In summer the earth of the prairie is extremely hot and hard.The grass turns brittle and brown…(para.1.5)1) Brittle and brown: alliteration2) 草变得又脆又黄At a distance in July or August the steamming foliage seems almost to writhe in fire(para.1.):从远处望去,七八月里的树叶热的冒烟,犹如在火中挣扎Popping up like corn to sting the flesh... (para.1): simile像玉米花爆裂时一样突然弹起,刺得人皮肤痛All things in the plain are isolate; there is no confusion of objects in the eye, but one hill or one man.(para.1)草原上的一切都是疏离开来的,所见之物不会混杂在一起让人看不清楚。

要么只是一树、一人。

To look upon that landscape in the early morning, with the sun at your back-is to lose the sense of proportion (para.1)清晨,太阳在你背后冉冉升起,此时观看这片大地,你会失去正常的比例感According to their origin myth, they entered the world through a hollow log(para.4). 有关他们起源的神话告诉我们,他们是通过一根空心圆木来到了这个世上。

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第九课
马克吐温——美国的一面镜子
(节选)
诺埃尔格罗夫
在大多数美国人的心目中,马克吐温是位伟大作家,他描写了哈克费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。

的确,这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。

但我发现还有另一个不同的马克吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克吐温,一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。

印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家:马克吐温原名塞缪尔朗赫恩克莱门斯,他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地,体验着美国的新生活,尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。

他的笔名取自他在蒸汽船上做工时听到的报告水深为两口寻(12英尺)——意即可以通航的信号语。

他的作品中有二十几部至今仍在印行,其外文译本仍在世界各地拥有读者,由此可见他的享誉程度。

在马克吐温青年时代,美国的地理中心是密西西比河流域,而密西西比河是这个年轻国家中部的交通大动脉。

龙骨船、平底船和大木筏载运着最重要的商品。

木材、玉米、烟草、小麦和皮货通过这些运载工具顺流而下,运送到河口三角洲地区,而砂糖、糖浆、棉花和威士忌酒等货物则被运送到北方。

在19世纪50年代,西部领土开发高潮到来之前,辽阔的密西西比河流域占美国已开发领土的四分之三。

1857年,少年马克吐温作为蒸汽船上的一名小领航员踏人了这片天地。

在这个新的工作岗位上,他接触到的是各式各样的人物,看到的是一个多姿多彩的大干世界。

他完全地投身到这种生活之中,经常在操舵室里听着人们谈论民间争斗、海盗抢劫、私刑案件、游医卖药以及河边的一些化外民居的故事。

所有这一切,连同他那像留声机般准确可靠的记忆所吸收的丰富多彩的语言,后来都有机会在他的作品中得以再现。

蒸汽船的甲板上不仅挤满了富有开拓精神的人们,而且也载着一些娼妓、赌棍和歹徒等社会渣滓。

从所有这些形形色色的人身上,马克吐温敏锐地认识了人类,认识了人们的言与行之间的差距。

他在蒸汽船上工作的四年半时间是他真正接受教育的开端,而且也是最具有深远意义的教育。

到了晚年,马克吐温还声言是密西西比河使他了解了各种各样的人的本性。

这种生活体验对他的全部创作都起了促进作用,然而他描写得最为成功的还
是那些密西西比河上的人物。

随着铁路运输的发展,社会上对汽船领航员的需求日渐减少,而内战的爆发又阻碍了商业贸易的发展。

这时,马克吐温便离开了密西西比河流域。

他在南方邦联游击队的一支杂牌队伍里当了两个星期的兵。

那支队伍想方设法避免与敌军交战。

在确信“我比发明撤退的人更精通撤退”之后,马克吐温离开了那支队伍。

他乘驿站马车来到西部,在内华达州的华苏地区受到当时正流行的淘金热的诱惑。

同那只有既幸运而又锲而不舍的追求者才能取得的巨大财富三心二意地打了八个月交道之后,他遭到了失败。

在破产和灰心之余,他接受了为弗吉尼亚市《领土开发报》当记者的工作,这一行动将获得文学界永久的感激。

自从他因淘金失败而感到心灰意冷之后,马克吐温便开始努力博取作为一名报社记者和幽默作家的地区性声望。

从事新闻报道工作当然不能使他像淘金成功者一样立成巨富,但在挣钱
方面他的笔杆却比他的锄镐要有效得多。

1864年春季,在他加盟《领土开发报》还不足两年之时,他又乘驿站马车前往旧金山,那儿在当时和现在都是有前途的年轻作家成长的摇篮。

马克吐温磨炼并试验了他的新笔力,但他却因写了一些尖锐的评论文章而被迫暂时离开这座城市。

他围绕着虐待华人等一类问题对市政府提出的尖锐批评惹得一些官员大为恼火,因之他只好逃到萨克拉门托山谷的金矿区暂避风头。

他对那儿的拓荒者们的描写使西海岸地区富有创新精神的现代人倍感亲切。

“这儿的人们真是了不起——因为那些笨手笨脚、无精打彩、呆头呆脑的懒汉都呆在家里……正是那些人们为加利福尼亚赢得了这样的声誉:当他们着手进行一项宏伟的事业时,他们会不计代价或风险而以一种豪迈的气概和闯劲勇往直前,一千到底。

加利福尼亚人至今仍保持着这样的声誉,因而,每当他们发起一项新的惊天动地的壮举时,那些素来稳重的人便会像往常一样微笑着说:‘看吧,这完全是加利福尼亚的风格’。


1864年与1865年之交的那个冬天,马克吐温是在安吉尔斯矿区度过的。

在这段沉闷的日子里,他记了一本笔记。

在杂乱无章的有关天气情况和乏味无趣的有关矿区饭食情况的记录条目中夹着一条叙述当天听到的一则故事的记录——这条记录决定了他一生事业的发展方向:“科尔曼用他的跳蛙——与陌生人赌50美元——陌生人没有跳蛙,科尔曼去给他弄来一只——陌生人利用这段时间将科的跳蛙肚子塞满铅弹,这样,科的跳蛙跳不起来,陌生人的跳蛙便得以获胜。


经过马克吐温的生花
妙笔改写之后,这个故事登在美国各地的报纸上,成了家喻户晓的“卡拉韦拉斯县有名的跳蛙”。

至此,马克吐温作为“太平洋海岸狂放的幽默大师”的声望已在全国范围内牢固地确立起来了。

两年之后,他得到了一个以美国人特有的眼光去观察欧洲旧大陆的机会。

在纽约市,“费城号”蒸汽船准备进行一次到欧洲和圣地的观光航行。

这是美国人第一次组织较大规模的团体观光旅行——也可以看作是一个国家发展史上的某种里程碑。

马克吐温作为加利福尼亚一家报纸的记者被委派随同观光团采访。

如果读者们期望能读到有关这次旅行见闻的神采飞扬的描写的话,那他们是要倍感意外的。

举例来说,他对于那没有给他留下什么好印象的土耳其君主苏丹是这样报道的,“人们可以任意选择一个地方设一个陷阱,一夜之间准可捕捉到十几个更有能耐的人。

”他信口开河地对一些受人景仰的艺术家和艺术珍品加以鄙薄,甚至对宗教圣地也敢于以亵渎性的言辞加以侮蔑。

回国以后,越来越多的报纸开始刊登他的文章,整个美国都同他一齐欢笑。

他一回到美国,他的旅行杂记《傻子出国旅行记》立即成为畅销书。

三十六岁时,马克吐温开始定居于康涅狄格州哈特福德镇,他的最优秀的作品全是在那段时间里问世的。

早在1870年,马克吐温就试着写了一篇关于一个他名之为比利罗杰斯的男孩子的童年历险故事。

两年后,他又将主人公的名字改为汤姆,并着手将故事改编成剧本。

直到1874年他才开始认真地扩展故事情节。

《汤姆索亚》于1876年出版后,很快成为美国儿童故事的经典之作。

这部描写汤姆的顽皮、勇敢、机智以及他对贝琪莎切尔的天真纯洁的感情的故事几乎像《独立宣言》一样成了今天美国学校里的必读书本。

马克吐温本人的独立宣言却是由另一个人物表达出来的。

在《汤姆索亚》第六章里,他引出了“村里的流浪少年,镇上酒鬼的儿子哈克贝利费恩”。

哈克不愿在清教徒道格拉斯寡妇家过上等人的体面生活,从那里逃出来后对他的朋友汤姆索亚发牢骚说:“我试过了,还是不行;不行啊,汤姆。

那不是我过的日子……那寡妇家吃饭要听钟声,睡觉要听钟声,起床也要听钟声,什么事情都得规规矩矩,简直叫人受不了。


《汤姆索亚》风靡美国九年之后,哈克被赋予独立的生命,成为一本被许多人认为是最成功的描写美国人的作品的书中的主人公。

他同一个逃跑出来的奴隶一起乘坐木筏沿着密西西比
河顺流而下的漂流航程展现了一幅幅揭示美国社会生活全貌的生动画面。

通过对密西西比
河,尤其是对哈克费恩这一人物的描写,马克吐温将自己想从那束缚着自己并常常令自己苦恼的生活步调中摆脱出来,从生活中的各种清规戒律以及为了事业成功而进行的艰苦挣扎中解放出来的愿望表达得淋漓尽致。

马克吐温认为,美国人的理想中缺少了一种成分。

他说:“我们只消偶尔地躺下来好好放松休息一下,保持锋棱利角,我们将有可能成为一个多么朝气蓬勃的民族,一个多么富有思想的民族啊!”
马克吐温的一生都笼罩在悲剧的阴影之中,自己的亲人一个接一个地去世:他的父亲在他十二岁那年死于肺炎,他的兄弟亨利在一次汽船爆炸事故中遇难;他的儿子朗顿才满十九个月即离开人世。

他的大女儿苏茜死于脊膜炎;克莱门斯夫人在佛罗伦萨死于心脏病;而他的小女儿也因癫痫病的发作淹死在楼上的浴盆里。

这位曾令全世界欢笑的人自己却饱尝了人世的辛酸。

他早期作品中的道德说教厚厚地包着一层幽默的外衣,现在幽默换成了辛辣的讽刺。

对于美国军队在一个火山口上屠杀六百名菲律宾摩洛人的行为,他没有直接进行抨击,而是假装为之高唱赞歌。

在《神秘的陌生人》中,他指出人类应该抛弃宗教幻想,依靠自己而不是上帝的力量去创造一个更加美好的世界。

他自己的最后一个幻想到后来似乎也破灭了。

在晚年口述自传的时候,他以极端绝望的心情谈到人从尘世的苦难中的最终解脱:“……他们从世界上消失了,在这个世界上他们无足轻重,无所成就;甚至他们的存在本身就是个错误,是个失败,是种愚蠢。

这个世界上也没有留下丝毫能表明他们存在过的痕迹。

这个世界赠给他们的只是一日的哀伤和永久的遗忘。

”(摘自《国家地理》,1975年9月)。

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