部分动词后接不定式和或动名词作宾语和宾补时用法辨析

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分词、不定式作宾补用法要点

分词、不定式作宾补用法要点

★分词、不定式作宾补用法要点非谓语动词是高中阶段的重点和难点,历来为学生所困惑,所畏惧。

学生对非谓语动词的各种形式的用法不甚了解,或知道他们的用法但自己不会用,稍微变一下形式就不知所措,一头雾水。

究其原因,还是对非谓语动词的不熟悉,了解的不透,对他们的一般用法掌握的不透彻,似懂非懂。

针对这一现象,首先要让学生对几种非谓语动词的基本结构完全了如指掌,还要熟练掌握他们的各种时态语态,各种变形。

一方面要让学生懂得他们的基本用法,基本概念,另一方面要多操练,适当的一定量的练习是必不可少。

所谓孰能生巧。

一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别1.感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式,即原形动词(不带to 的不定式)、现在分词和过去分词。

现在分词表主动或正在进行,过去分词表被动或完成,动词原形表主动和完成。

如:I heard her sing an English song just now.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。

I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时,我听见她在唱英文歌。

I heard the English song sung many times.我多次听到有人唱这首英文歌。

注意:不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成和状态。

如:I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone. (状态)I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. (完成)2.leave 后接三种形式作宾补时,其中的leave 保留了原来之义“留下”,但表达的确切之义应是“使……处于某种状态)。

动词不定式、动名词用法和区别

动词不定式、动名词用法和区别

动词不定式、动名词的用法和区别动词不定式:动词不定式是由to + 动词原形构成,在句中起名词,形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。

1. 动词不定式作主语:To mast a language is not an easy thing. / To teach English is my favorite.动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面,而用it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。

It's very kind of you to have given us much help.2. 动词不定式作宾语:某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语,这些动词有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.I like to help others if I can.3. 动词不定式作宾语补语。

We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起。

/ Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。

4. 动词不定式作表语:What I should do is to finish the task soon. / The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately.5. 动词不定式作定语:There are many ways to solve the problem. / I have something important to tell you.6. 不定式作状语:We went to the hospital to see our teacher. / She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.动词不定式的否定形式:not + to + 动词原形The teacher told us not to swim in that river. 老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。

动词后接动词不定式/动名词作宾语用法小结

动词后接动词不定式/动名词作宾语用法小结

动词后接动词不定式/动名词作宾语用法小结动词是英语中最活跃的词性之一,其主要作用是在句中作谓语。

在谓语动词后接动词作宾语时,主要分为两种情况:Ⅰ动词加动词不定式能以不定式做宾语的动词很多,常见的有:want,hope,wonder,wish,agree,try,manager,offer,decide,fail,refuse,ask,pretend,intend,attempt,teach,discuss等。

例如:I have learned to drive the car.They refused to accept my suggestion.He promised to come.Ⅱ动词加动名词在enjoy, appreciate, admit, consider, mind, avoid., miss, can’t help, deny, practise, allow, finish, imagine, forbid, suggest等这些动词之后要求用动名词作宾语。

例如:Have you finished repairing your car?She suggested spending another week in the country.Do you feel like taking a walk.通常要后接动名词作宾语的动词英语中有些动词后接另一个动词作宾语时,通常要用不定式,不用动名词,这类动词主要admit(承认), advise(建议), allow(允许), appreciate(感激), avoid(避免), consider(考虑), delay(推迟), discuss(讨论), dislike(不喜欢), enjoy(喜爱), escape(逃脱), excuse(原谅), fancy(没想到), finish(完成), forbid(禁止), forgive(原谅), give up(放弃), imagine(想像), keep(保持), mention(提及), mind(介意), miss(没赶上), pardon(原谅), permit(允许), practise(练习), prevent(阻止), put off(推迟), report(报告), resist(忍住), risk(冒险), stop(停止), suggest(建议), understand(理解)等。

怎么区别动词非谓语动词的时态

怎么区别动词非谓语动词的时态

怎么区别动词非谓语动词的时态非谓语动词非谓语动词(不能作谓语用)包括不定式、分词及动名词。

动词不定式1.常用形式:一般主动式to do, 一般被动式to be done完成主动式to have done, 完成被动式to have been done进行式to be doing2.语法功能:可作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语(即除谓语之外的各种成分)。

例如:1)主语:To master a foreign language is very important.2)表语:My job is to drive them to the company every day.3)宾语:Do you want to visit the Great Wall?Can you give us some advice on what to do next?宾补:The teacher advised us to have a rest first.I didn´t notice them come in.注:see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to, 但变为被动语态以后(即不定式作主补时)要带to, (其中let sb. do sth. 变为被动式为sb. is let do sth.)help(帮助)后作宾补的动词不定式可带to,也可不带to. 即help sb.(to)do sth. 定语:不定式位于所修饰的名词,代词之后,如:Who was the first one to set to the top of the hill yesterday? /He is the man to depend on/to believe in.6)状语:in order toA.目的状语:She reads China Daily every day so as to improve her English. to注:in order to 可以位于句首或句中,so as to 不能位于句首。

动词不定式和动名词作宾语

动词不定式和动名词作宾语

动词不定式和动名词作宾语动词不定式和动名词均可在及物动词后面作宾语,但在使用过程中应注意以下几点: 一、依照惯用法, agree, choose, decide, hope, fail, wish, refuse, expect, manage, plan, intend, pretend, promise, offer, afford, demand和arrange等及物动词后面常接动词不定式作宾语。例如:What did they decide to do? 他们决定干什么?She failed to come to school yesterday. 她昨天没来上学。I hope to be back soon. 我希望早点回家。二、依照惯用法, finish, enjoy, mind, keep, miss, avoid, consider, imagine, practise, delay, escape, excuse, allow, suggest等及物动词后面常接动名词作宾语。例如:We can finish building the bridge before the end of next month. 我们可以在下个月底之前建好这座桥。Would you mind opening the window? 请您开一下窗户,好吗?三、依照惯用法, prefer, hate, begin, start, continue, cease等及物动词后面跟动词不定式与跟动名词作宾语,意义上没有多大的差别。例如:After the teacher left the classroom, the students began to do/doing their homework. 老师离开教室后,学生们开始做作业。They continued to read/reading English. 他们继续读英语。但在下列情况下,宜用动词不定式作宾语,而不用动名词。1. like, love, prefer, hate等与would或should连用时。例如:I’d prefer to stay home to watch TV. 我宁可呆在家里看电视。2. begin, start, continue等本身用的是进行体时。例如:She was starting to do her homework. 她开始做作业。3. begin, start, cease, continue的主语是物而不是人时。例如:It began/started to rain. 天开始下雨。The ice ceased to melt(融化) in winter. 冬季冰不再融化。4. begin等及物动词后接know, understand, realize等表示心理状态的动词。例如: They began to realize the importance of learning a foreign language well. 他们开始意识到学好一门外语的重要性。四、下列动词后面既可接动词不定式作宾语,也可接动名词作宾语,但两种结构的意义有区别:1. remember, forget, regret等后接动词不定式作宾语时,说明动词不定式表示的动作发生在后, remember等动词表示的动作发生在前;这些动词后接动名词作宾语时,说明动名词表示的动作发生在前, remember等动词表示的动作发生在后。试比较:She told me to go and lock the door. She didn’t remember locking the door after supper. 她叫我去锁门,她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom. 你离开教室时,别忘记把所有的灯关掉。2. try, mean, can’t help, go on等动词后接动词不定式和动名词时,意义有明显的差别: 1) try后面的动词不定式是作目的状语, try to do sth意为“尽力做某事”; try后面的动名词是作宾语, try doing sth意为“尝试做某事”。例如:He tried not to be late for the meeting. 他争取开会不迟到。The soup is a little salty. Try adding some water to it. 汤咸了点,加点水试试看。2) mean后面的动词不定式和动名词都是作宾语。mean to do sth意为“打算(意图)做某事”; mean doing sth意为“意味着做某事”。例如:They didn’t mean to go and help you. 他们不打算去帮助你们。His words meant going to help you without delay. 他的话意味着他将毫不迟疑地前去帮助你们。3) help后面的动词不定式和动名词都是作宾语。can’t help to do sth意为“不能帮忙做某事”; can’t help doing sth意为“禁不住去做某事,情不自禁地做某事”。例如:I’m sorry I can’t help to clean the room. 对不起,我不能帮助打扫房间。They couldn’t help laughing when they heard the joke. 听到这个笑话,他们不禁大笑起来。4) go on后面的动词不定式是作目的状语。go on to do sth意为“接下去做另一件事”; go on后面的动名词是作宾语。go on doing sth意为“继续做同一件事”。例如:They went on to do some exercises after reading the text. 读完课文后,他们接着做练习。We went on doing our homework after he left. 他走后我们继续做作业。五、need, want, require等动词后面跟动名词的主动形式和跟动词不定式的被动式,都表示被动意义。试比较:Your house needs repairing/to be repaired. 你的房子需要维修。The problem requires solving/to be solved immediately. 这个问题需要立即予以解决。六、stop之后的动名词为宾语, stop之后的动词不定式为目的状语。试比较:We stopped working. 我们停止工作。We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下。When it began to rain, we stopped working to have a rest. 天开始下雨,我们停止工作,休息一下。在英语中,某些动词后面只能跟动词不定式作直接宾语。

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较————————————————————————————————作者: ————————————————————————————————日期:动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较一,作主语⒈不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式置于句首.如:To get there by bike will take us half anhour.(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中.如:①It+be+名词+todoIt's ourduty totake goodcare of the old.②It takes sb+sometime+to doHowlong did ittakeyouto finish thework③It+be+形容词+forsb +to doIt isdifficultfor ustofinishwritingthecomposition inaquarter ofan hour.④It+be+形容词+of sb+to doIt isstupid of you to write down everythingthe teacher says.⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+todoIt seemed impossible to save money.在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult,easy, hard,important, impossible, necessary等;在句型④中,常用careless,clever,good,foolish, honest,kind, lazy,nice, right, silly,stupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词.在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语.这一句式有时相当于Sbis+形容词+to do句式,如:It'skind ofyou tohelpmewith myEnglish.=You arekind to help me with my English.⒉动名词作主语Learningwithout practiceisno good.动名词作主语时,也常用It句式.如:①It's +nogood(no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of time)+doing…It's nogood reading in dimlight.It's nouse sitting here waiting.②It's+形容词+doingIt's dangerous swimminginthe sea inwindydays.这样用的形容词有expensive, nice,tiring等,但important, necessary则不适用于这种结构,应用不定式代替,如:It's important for you to keep fit.③There isno+ doingThere isnosayingwhat willhappen next.在这一结构中,动名词后常带宾语,相当于"It'simpossibleto…"结构.⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作,常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作,经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起.如:It's nogoodeating too muchfat.It's no good for youto eat so muchfat.②动名词结构作主语,可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语.如:It's no use your pretendingthat you didn't know the rules.二,作宾语⒈不定式作宾语①以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语.如:agree, ask,aim,arrange, choose, decide,demand,expect,fail , help,hope,lean,long, manage, offer, pla n, prepare,pretend, promise, refuse, wish等,这些词大部分可接that引导的从句.如:I decidedto ask formy money back.I decided that I wouldaskformy money back.When our visitto the farm was over, weexpectedto start back onfoot.When ourvisit tothe farm was over, we expectedthatwe would startbackon foot.②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式.如:We think itquite important forus tolearn a foreign language well.Hefeels it his duty tohelp the poor.③介词but, except,besides+todo(do)在这种句型中,如介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则接to不定式,即带do不带to,带to不带do.如:The enemysoldiers had no choicebut to givein.On Sunday afternoon I hadnothing to dobutwatchTV.⒉动名词作宾语①以下动词后,只能接动名词作宾语,如:admit,appreciate, consider,delay,enjoy,finish, keep, imagine,mind, miss, practise, resist,risk,save, su ggest, don't mind, give up,insist,on, put off等.如:Isuggestspending our summer vacation in a seaside town.You must giveup smoking,forit does too muchharm to your health.②动名词作介词的宾语Ishould go toattend thebirthday celebration insteadof stayingat home.What aboutinvitingLiJun to make aspeech动名词前的介词有时可以省略,如:have difficulty(in)doing, have no trouble(in)doing,lose no ti me(in)doing,prevent/stop…(from)doing, there is no use(in)doing等.⒊部分动词后面,既可接动词不定式,也可接动名词作宾语,意义不变.如:begin, continue, s tart,hat e, like,love, need, require, want等.在need,require,want后接-ing形式,表示被动意义,也可接不定式,但要用被动形式,如:Your handwriting needsimproving (tobe improved). hate, love,like接不定式表示特定的未来事件,接动名词表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为.在下列情况下,一般要用不定式:①hate,like, love前有would(should)时,如:I'd like to havea cupof c offee.②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时,如:The students are sta rtingto work on the difficult mathsproblem.③begin,continue,start与know, understand等状态动词连用时,如:I soon began to understand whatwashappening.⒋advise, allow, encourage, forbid, permit等动词后接动名词作宾语,或带不定式作宾语补足语.如:Our teachers don't permitour swimming in thelake.Ourteachers don'tpermitusto swiminthelake.⒌部分动词后接不定式或动名词时,意义差别较大,应根据句子语境选择使用.①forget, remember,regret后接不定式,表示现在或未来的动作,接动名词表示动作已经发生.如:Don'tforget fo post the letter forme.Have youforgotten meeting herin BeijingAirportRemembertoclose thewindows before you leave.Iremember writing him a letter a year ago.Weregret to tell youthat all of you are not invited toattendthemee ting.They regretted ordering these books from abroad.②mean to do 打算做某事doing 意味着……Imeant to catchup with the early bus.This meanswastinga lotofmoney.③try to do 设法尽力做某事doing 试着做某事You should tryto overcome your shortcomings.Tryworking outthephysics problem in anotherway.④stopto do停下一件事去做另一件事(不定式作目的状语)doing 停止做某事On the way to the airport,I stopped tobuy apaper.You'd betterstoparguing and do as you are told.⑤can'thelp doing 禁不住……to do不能帮助干……They couldn't helpjumping up at the news.Sorry Ihave lots of work todo. So I can't help tomake upthe room for you.⑥go on to do 做不同的事或不同内容的事doing 继续不停地做某事,指同一动作的继续He wenton to talkabout worldsituation.他接着又谈了世界形势.We'll goonfighting so long as there is oppressionin the world.⑦leave off to do 离开某地去干什么(目的状语)doing停下某事It's timeto leave off talkingand tostartacting.They leftoff to go fishing.三,做表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为.①To bekind to the enemy is to be cruel to thepeople.②My chief purpose is to point out thedifficulties of the matter.③What I wouldsuggest istoput offthe meeting.当主语和表语都是不定式时,其含义一是条件,一是结果(例①).当主语是aim, duty, hope,idea, mistake,plan, purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组(例②)时,或以what引导的名词性分句(例③),不定式说明主语的内容.④Our workisserving the people.⑤What he likesis taking a walk after supper.⑥Thestorytold by Mr. Wangis interesting.④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Servingthe people is outwork, 而⑥句中是现在分词作表语,说明主语的性质,状态,现在分词具有形容词的各种特征,另外,动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开来.四,作定语⒈不定式作定语不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后.如:①Thenext trainto arrive isfrom Washington.②Haveyouanythingtobe taken to your sister③Doyou have anythingto say on the question④Wouldyou please give me somepapertowrite on⑤My wishtovisitFrancehascometrueat last.不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系:(1)表示将来的动作(例①).(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词(例④).(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍用主动语态(例③);如只有动宾关系,而无逻辑上的主谓关系,则需用被动语态(例②).(4)不定式作定语时,一般可转换为定语从句,例①to arrive=thatwillarrive.⒉动名词作定语①Thispassage canbe used as listening materials.②The reading room ofour schoollibrary canhold800people.③Allmoving bodies have energy.①②句动名词作定语说明一种性能,即:用来……的;第③句为现在分词作定语,单个分词作定语常置于被修饰词之前,与被修饰词之间,可构成逻辑上的主谓关系,分词短语作定语常置于被修饰词之后.如:The man standing at the schoolgate is Professor Hua. 五,不定式作补足语⒈作宾语补足语一些及物动词除要求按宾语外,有时还需要有宾语补足语,说明宾语的行为,状态,特征,这时意思才相对完整.(1)常要求不定式作宾补的动词有:allow,ask, advise, beg, cause,drive(强迫),encourage, expect,forbid, force,get,wouldlike(love, hate), orde r,permit, persuade, teach, tell, want,warn, wish等.如:①Wouldyou like metogive yourregards to Mary②Iwant you to understandthe whole passage clearly.(2)部分动词后常接to be+形容词,名词短语等形式,有时to be可省略,如:believe, consider, discover, find(=consider), feel(=think), imagine, judge,know, prove, think, suppose,see(=understand), understand等.①We all believe John(to be)honest.②I consider him(to be)oneof the bestbiology teachersof No. 1 Middle School.但当不定式是完成式时,to不能省略,如:Weconsider him to have beenfoolish.(3)感觉动词和使役动词后用作宾补的不定式须省略to.①I didn't hear anyone say anything about it.②They makethe students do too much homework every day.这种句式在变为被动语态时,to不能省略,如第②句:The students are madeto do toomuch homework every day.(4)help,know后面的"to"可有可无.如:Would you pleasehelpme(to) fillin the taxformI'venever known her(to)belate before.但:He was knownto have beentoFrance before.(5)部分短语动词后,常接不定式作宾补,如:Youmay depend on them to be there early.The Party callsonus to increaseproduction andpractise economy.常这样用的短语动词有:ask for,carefor,call on, count on,dependon, waitfor, long for(渴望),prepare for, wish for等.⒉作主语补足语不定式作主语补足语,和主语构成一种逻辑上的主谓关系.如:①He was notallowedto enterthe classroomfor beinglate.②The younguniversity student is considered tohave greatpromis e.六,不定式作状语⒈作目的状语(1)①I stayed there to see what wouldhappen.②Henryhas decidedtogo to the hospitaltobe examinedby the doctor.(2)有时为了强调,不定式前可加in order或so as.如:Bobtookdown my telephone number soas(in order)not to forget it. 有时为强调目的状语可把inorder to或不定式置于句首,但so as to不能这样用.在这种句式中不定式部分可转换为so that, in order that,成为目的状语从句,如:I stayedthere sothat(in orderthat)I could see what would ha ppen.(3)在部分表示感情色彩的形容词,过去分词或动词之后可接不定式,如:astonished, glad,happy, laugh,pleased, sad,smile,sorry, surprised等.①Weare glad to hearthe news.②I was surprised to seethat athree-year-oldbabycould writeso well.在部分形容词后接不定式,用主动形式表示被动意义,这种句型中的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语.如:The question raised bythestudent isdifficult to answer.The room is really comfortable to live in.常这样用的形容词有:comfortable,easy, dangerous, difficult,expensive, fit, impossible等.⒉作结果状语We came home afterour holidayto find our garden neat and tidy.不定式作结果状语还常用在下列句式中.如:①so…asto; such…as toI'm notso stupid(afool)as to put it in writing.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来. I'm not suchastupidfool as to put it in writing.②enough…toThespeed ishigh enough for us tocatchup with the firstliner.③only toJanehurriedback only tofind her mother dying in the hospital.④too…toI'mtoo tired to stay up longer.但在下列结构中,too…to并非是"太……而不能……"之意.如:①I'm onlytoogladtohave passed the exam.考试及格我太高兴了.(too 修饰glad to have…,相当于very)②Wehave toomuchtolearn.我们要学的太多了(不定式作定语).⒊不定式短语还可作独立成分,用于句首,句中或句末.如:Totell the truth,the play wasa great disappointment tome.常见的短语有tobe exact(确切地说),to begin with(首先),to do him justice(说句对他公道的话),tobe sure(真的)等等.七,动词不定式,动名词的其它用法⒈疑问词+不定式结构疑问词who, what, which, when, where, whether, how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语,宾语,表语等.如:①When to leave for Londonhas notbeen decidedyet.②Mr. Smithdidn't know whether toleaveor stay there.③I askedProfessorXu how to learnEnglishwell.④Thequestionwas wheretoget the medicineneeded.以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式.如:①When we shall leave…③…how Icould learn…经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:consider,decide,discover,explain, fi nd out,forget,hear, know,learn, observe, understand,wonder 等.⒉动词不定式的时态,语态(1)时态①一般式:动词不定式一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后,有时表示同时发生.如:I hope tobecome a university student thisyear.(to become发生在hope 之后)We often hearDickplaythe pianoin the next room.(play和hear同时发生)②完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前.如:I'm sorry to have keptyou waiting.We aretooyoung to have seentheold society.③进行式:表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生.如:The teacher happened to be correcting our paperswhen I came in.Theyseemed tobe discussingsomething important.(2)语态如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式.如:It's a great honourtobe invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语)It was impossible for lost time tobe madeup.(不定式作主语)Iwishto besent towork inthecountry.(不定式作宾语)Can youtellme which is thecar to berepaired (不定式作定语)Hewenttothe hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动.如:There are still many things totakecare of(tobe taken careof).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:These is nothing todo now.( We have nothing to do now.)There isnothing to be donenow.(We cando nothing now.)⒊动名词的时态,语态(1)时态①一般式:动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以是泛指,也可与谓语动词同时发生,或发生在谓语动作之前,之后.如:Weare interested in collecting stamps.I shall neverforget seeing theGreat Wall forthe firsttime.We are notafraid of dying.②完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前.如:Imaginehavingtravelled on themoon.Wewerepraised for having finishedthework ahead of time.(2)被动语态①如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示的动作的承受者,动名词要用被动语态,动名词的被动语态有一般式与完成式之分.如:Theyoung man came in without beingnoticed.Heprided himself on having neverbeen beatenin class.②有些动词后的动名词用主动形式,但表示被动意义.如:The bike needs repairing.If a thing is worth doing, itisworthdoingwell.⒋在口语中,为避免重复,常用"to"代替不定式结构,有时甚至可以把to省略.如:①-Did you go to visit the Great Wall-No,I wanted to, buttherewasn't enoughtime.②-Wouldyoulike tocome to a party-I'd loveto.③-Don't make any mistakes in your homework, will you-I'll try not to.④-Try to bebackby12, won't you-OK,I'll try.另外,be goingto, ought to,usedto等也常用于这一结构中.⒌在why引起的问句中,省略"to".如:Why spend such alot of moneyWhy not waitfora coupleof days⒍当两个或更多作用相同的不定式并列使用时,只在第一个不定式前加"to".如:It'squite necessaryfor usto read more andhave more practice.⒎"to"在下列短语中是"介词",后接动名词或名词形式.如:devote…to, face up to(勇敢地面对),lookforward to(盼望),object to(反对),take to(养成习惯,对……感兴趣;开始从事某种活动),be used to(习惯于)等. 含有:不定式:liketo do sth 喜欢做某事(有时)want to do sth想要做某事wantsbtodosth 想要某人做某事turn tosb for help求助于某人(这算不定式?)helpsb (to)dosth帮助某人做某事It is dangerous to do sth 做……是危险的wantto be希望从事什么职业stop to dosth 停下来去做某事remember to do sth记得去做某事forget to do sth 忘记去做某事love to do sth 喜爱做某事would liketo do sth 想要做某事wouldlike sb to do sth 想要某人做某事(I would=I'd)practice doing sth 练习做某事spend(time/money)in doingsth花时间或钱做某事spend补充spend...onsth在某物上花多少钱go todosth去做某事watch sbdo sth (省略to)看见某人做某事(全过程)It's time todosth做……事的时间到了(=It's time for sth)decide todosth 决定做某事agree to dosth 同意做某事have to dosth 不得不做某事动名词like doing sth喜欢做某事(经常)enjoydoingsth 喜欢做某事be busydoingsth忙于做某事(=bebusydoingsth)be doing sth (现在进行时)thank sb for doing sth 谢某人做了某事(=thank sbforsth)remember doing sth记得做过某事forget doing sth 忘记去做某事stop doing sth停止做某事huanfun doing sth做某事有乐趣do some +V.ing做某事What about doing sth 做某事怎么样?(=How about doingsth)watchsb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事find sb/sthdoing sth 发现某人/物在做某事(这个有点疑问,参考书上说强调结果,一般不用进行时态?)discussdoing sth 讨论做某事godoing去做某事What do you think of doing sth你认为做某事怎么样?原形letsbdo sth让某人做某事make sb dosth让某人做某事help sb (to)dosth 帮助某人做某事1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为,不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。

英语中有些动词后面跟动词时

英语中有些动词后面跟动词时

一、动名词1. 英语中有些动词后面跟动词时,只能跟动名词而不能接不定式,这些动词有:admit,acknowledge 承认appreciate 感激,赞赏; consider,考虑avoid 避免complete 完成consider 认为delay 耽误deny 否认detest 讨厌endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱prevent阻止fancy 想象finish 完成imagine 想象mind 介意 miss(错过) miss 想念postpone 推迟practise 训练recall 回忆resent 讨厌resist 抵抗resume 继续risk 冒险suggest 建议face 面对include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解forgive 宽恕keep 继续例如:Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.Have you considered going abroad for your education?They don’t want to risk losing their lives.一些动词词组后也只能接动名词:feel like,admit to,prefer…to,be(get) used to, be accustomed to,lead to,devote oneself to,object to,stick to,contribute to, pay attention to,look forward to(to为介词) It's worth…,as well as, be busy, can't help, It's no use /good,be tired of, be fond of, be capable of,be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about,hold off, put off, keep on,insist on, count on / upon, set about, be successful in, succeed in,be good at, take up,give up, burst out, prevent … from…,He is used to living in the countryside.It’s no use talking too much.The joke is so funny that I can’t help laughing.I am tired of working here.2. worth的用法worth,worthy,worth-while 都为形容词。

动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语的区别-推荐下载

动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语的区别-推荐下载
doing 例如: His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon. She doesn't feel like eating anything,being ill for a few days. 三、有些动词后面既可接不定式,又可接动名词,其意义基本相同,区别不大。如;
You had better take a hat with you.你最好带上一顶帽子。 4、 why…/why not…句型中 not 后 to 省略。
例: why not come to my home for a dinner tonight? 今晚何不来我家吃顿饭。
5、 help 后可带 to,也可不带 to, helput 前是实义动词 do 时,后面出现的不定式不带 to。
maths problems. G.动词 advise,allow,permit,forbid 后面接单宾语时用动名词,接复合宾语时
用动词不定式。例如:Doctors advise giving up smoking to benefit one's health. The doctor advised him to give up smoking so as to improve his health. She doesn't allow (permit) smoking in her room.=She doesn't allow (permit)anyone to smoke in her

不定式与动名词的区别

不定式与动名词的区别

不定式与动名词的区别不定式和动名词是英语语法中常用的两种名词形式,它们在使用和功能上有一些区别。

本文将详细介绍不定式和动名词的区别。

一、定义不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由“to + 原型动词”构成,可以用作名词、形容词或副词。

例如:“to eat”、“to sleep”。

动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,以-ing 结尾,可以用作名词。

例如:“eating”、“running”。

二、用途1. 不定式的用途(1)作主语:To travel broadens the mind.(旅行可以开拓眼界。

)(2)作宾语:She likes to swim.(她喜欢游泳。

)(3)作宾补:He wants to be a doctor.(他想成为医生。

)(4)作定语:This is a place to relax.(这是个休闲的地方。

)(5)作状语:He came here to talk with you.(他来这里和你谈话。

)2. 动名词的用途(1)作主语:Studying English is important.(学习英语很重要。

)(2)作宾语:I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢读书。

)(3)作宾补:I consider it worth trying.(我认为值得一试。

)(4)作定语:She's afraid of flying.(她害怕坐飞机。

)(5)作状语:He made money by selling paintings.(他靠卖画赚钱。

)三、区别与辨析1. 动作性与名词性不定式具有动词的动作性质,可以表示动作的进行或完成;动名词则具有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。

比较:(1)I want to go to the park.(不定式作宾语,表示目的)(2)Going to the park is my favorite activity.(动名词作主语,表示活动本身)2. 是否能够接宾语不定式可以接宾语,通常在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中用于表示一个完整的动作;动名词不能直接接宾语,需要借助介词来连接。

【中考英语 易错题】易错点07 非谓语动词(解析版)

【中考英语 易错题】易错点07 非谓语动词(解析版)

易错点07 非谓语动词易错考点【01】后加动词不定式与动名词的固定用法辨析及其否定结构好多学生因为对一些固定用法掌握不牢,而用错动名词或不定式。

中考常考后接动词不定式的常考词有:begin,choose,continue,decide,expect,fail,forget,hate,help,hope,learn,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,try,afford,agree,start,like等。

后加动名词的可以借助口诀来帮助记忆:完成练习值得忙(finish,practice,be worth,be busy)继续习惯别放弃(keep on,be used to,give up)考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, can't help, feel like);喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)动词不定式的否定结构:not to do sth.动名词的否定结构:not doing sth.易错考点【02】动词不定式和动名词的作主语用法辨析动名词主语多表习惯或一般,Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.不定式作主语时,一是表目的,二是多用it 做形式主语。

It’s adj to do sth.To get there faster, you can take the taxi.易错考点【03】现在分词与过去分词的辨析1.语态区分:现分表主动或正在进行,如a moving film, developing countries过分表被动或已完成,如the moved people, the risen sun2.作宾补:宾补现分作宾补,主动关系,I heard him singing in the classroom.过分作补,被动关系。

非谓语动词中ING分词及不定式用法的区别

非谓语动词中ING分词及不定式用法的区别

非谓语动词中ING分词与不定式用法的区别非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。

为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。

1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。

Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。

(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。

(具体)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。

不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。

Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。

(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。

(经验)(3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。

It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither.-次做两件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。

2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。

To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。

3)如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。

部分动词后接不定式和或动名词作宾语和宾补时用法辨析

部分动词后接不定式和或动名词作宾语和宾补时用法辨析

部分动词后接不定式和/或动名词作宾语和宾补时用法辨析只能接不定式作宾语的动词三个希望两答应: hope,wish,want,agree,promise两个要求莫拒绝: demand,ask,refuse设法学会做决定: manage,learn,decide不要假装在选择: pretend,choose只能接动名词作宾语的动词/短语考虑建议盼原谅: consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon 承认推迟没得想: admit, delay/put off, fancy避免错过继续练: avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice否认完成就欣赏: deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate禁止想象才冒险: forbid, imagine, risk不禁介意准逃亡: can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape难以忍受始反对:can't stand难以忍受),set about开始,着手),object to 想要成功坚持忙: feel like, succeed in, stick to, insist on, be busy (in) 习惯放弃有困难:be used to, give up, have difficulty/trouble (in) 导致专心防道歉:lead to, devote to, prevent …from …,apologize for以下动词/短语接不定式和动名词含义不同:四、不定式在以下动词后作宾语补足语时需要要和省略to一感:feel二听:hear, listen to三让:make, let, have四看:see, notice, watch, observe以下动词/短语接不定式和动名词含义不同:半帮助:help (可省可不省)。

动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语的区别

动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语的区别

英语教材里后接动名词和不定式作宾语的动词一、有些动词只能接不定式做宾语。

例如:help,hope,ask,refuse,decide,promise,wish,pretend,expect,learn,plan,manage,agree,fail,offer,happen,seem等等。

例如:He refused to speak on the radio.二、有些动词或短语只接动名词做宾语:mind,finish,enjoy,suggest,consider,miss,keep(on),avoid避开,躲开,stand(忍受),allow ,practicegive up,put off,look forward to期待,期望,feel like想要做某事,prevent…from,阻止can't help禁不住,不由自主迫不及待,be/get used to ,be worth doing,be busy doing例如:His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking.I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.She doesn't feel like eating anything,being ill for a few days.三、有些动词后面既可接不定式,又可接动名词,其意义基本相同,区别不大。

如;like,love,hate,prefer.begin,start.注意:begin和start本身为进行时,或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时,须接不定式。

例如:When we came in, they were beginning to have supper.After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong.四、有些词后面既可以接不定式.亦可接动名词,但其意义有很大区别,须特别注意:A.remember,forget,接动名词,表示完成意义(=having done),接不定式,表示将来意义:例如:Please remember to bring me the book I want next time. I remember seeing her(=having seen her) somewhere before.B.mean:mean to do=want to do打算,想要……;mean doing:意味着,就是例如:I am sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your feelings,Learning a foreign languagedoesn't mean just working in class.C.stop:stop to do停下来,要干另一件事,不定式作目的状语;stop doing停止干……,动名词作宾语。

动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别

动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别

动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别英语中有的及物动词只能跟动名词作宾语;有的及物动词只能跟动词不定式作宾语;但也有及物动词的宾语既是动名词又是动词不定式。

区别在于:一、在want,decide,promise,refuse,agree,wish,hope,expect等及物动词后面的宾语只能是动词不定式,不是动名词。

如:1.I want to have a talk with her.我想跟她谈谈。

2.Our teacher decided to stay with us.老师决定留下来与我们在一起。

3.My English teacher promised to lend some books to me.我的英语老师答应借给我一些书。

4.My mother refused to go there with us.我妈妈拒绝和我们一起去那里。

二、在一些动词后要求只跟动名词作宾语:1、在finish,enjoy,mind,suggest,practise,admit承认advise建议allow允许appreciate 感激,avoid避免,consider考虑,delay推迟,deny 否认,discuss 讨论,dislike 不喜欢,enjoy 喜爱,escape 逃脱,excuse 原谅,fancy 设想,finish 完成,forbid 禁止,forgive 原谅,give up 放弃,imagine 想像,keep 保持,mention 提及,mind 介意 miss 没赶上,pardon 原谅,permit 允许,practise练习,prevent 阻止,put off 推迟,report 报告,risk 冒险,stop 停止,suggest 建议,understand 理解。

1.I advise waiting a few more days. 我建议再等几天。

2.I admit breaking the window. 我承认窗子是我打破的。

初中英语动词不定式和动名词做宾语用法总结

初中英语动词不定式和动名词做宾语用法总结

初中英语动词不定式和动名词做宾语用法总结-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1动词不定式和动名词做宾语用法总结一、下列动词后跟 to do 作宾语补足语advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 get sb to do sth 使某人做某事allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事ask sb to do sth 请求某人做某事 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 intend sb to do sth 打算要某人做某事prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事 teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事mean sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 expect sb to do sth 期待某人做某事order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事use sth to do sth 使用某事做某事 forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 help sb(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 beg sb to do sth 乞求某人做某事 cause sb to do sth 引起/导致某人做某事persuade sb to do sth 劝说某人做某事 trouble sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事hate sb to do sth 讨厌某人做某事 drive sb to do sth 驱使某人做某事二、下列动词后跟 to do 做宾语help to do sth 帮助做某事 hope to do sth 希望做某事ask to do sth 要求做某事 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事decide to do sth 决定做某事 promise to do sth 承诺做某事wish to do sth 希望做某事 pretend to do sth 假装做某事expect to do sth 期待做某事 arrange to do sth 安排做某事learn to do sth 学习做某事 plan to do sth 计划/打算做某事demand to do sth 命令做某事 dare to do sth 胆敢做某事manege to do sth 设法完成某事 agree to do sth 同意做某事prepare to do sth 准备做某事 fail to do sth 未能做成某事determine to do sth 下定决心做某事 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事choose to do sth 选择做某事 desire to do sth 愿望做某事elect to do sth 选举做某事 would like to do sth 想要做某事afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事beg to do sth 乞求做某事 fear to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 make an effort to do sth 尽力做某事be supposed to do sth 应该做某事 = be expected to do sth 被期待做某事make an effort to do sth 尽力做某事 like/love to do sth 喜欢做某事be ready to do sth 准备做某事;愿意做某事be sure to do sth 确保做某事 be willing to do sth 愿意做某事start/begin to do sth 开始做某事 can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事happen to do sth 碰巧做某事三、下列动词或动词短语后跟doing做宾语四、下列动词后跟doing和to do 意思不同1.Remember to do sth 记得去做某事Remember doing sth 记得做过某事2.Forget to do sth 忘记去做某事Forget doing sth 忘记做过某事3.Regret to do sth 很遗憾要做某事(对现在要做的事)Regret doing sth 后悔做了某事(事情已发生)4.Stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事Stop doing sth 停止做某事5.Mean to do sth 打算,想要做某事Mean doing sth 意思是,意味着6.Try to do sth 设法做某事,尽力做某事Try doing sth 尝试做某事7.Go on to do sth 接着做不同的事与continue 的用法相同 Go on doing sth 接着做同一件事8.Can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事Can’t help to do sth 不能帮助做某事。

分词、不定式作宾补用法要点

分词、不定式作宾补用法要点

分词、不定式作宾补用法要点★分词、不定式作宾补用法要点非谓语动词是高中阶段的重点和难点,历来为学生所困惑,所畏惧。

学生对非谓语动词的各种形式的用法不甚了解,或知道他们的用法但自己不会用,稍微变一下形式就不知所措,一头雾水。

究其原因,还是对非谓语动词的不熟悉,了解的不透,对他们的一般用法掌握的不透彻,似懂非懂。

针对这一现象,首先要让学生对几种非谓语动词的基本结构完全了如指掌,还要熟练掌握他们的各种时态语态,各种变形。

一方面要让学生懂得他们的基本用法,基本概念,另一方面要多操练,适当的一定量的练习是必不可少。

所谓孰能生巧。

一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别1.感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式,即原形动词(不带to 的不定式)、现在分词和过去分词。

现在分词表主动或正在进行,过去分词表被动或完成,动词原形表主动和完成。

如:I heard her sing an English song just now.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。

I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时,我听见她在唱英文歌。

I heard the English song sung many times.我多次听到有人唱这首英文歌。

注意:不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成和状态。

如:I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone. (状态)I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. (完成)2.leave 后接三种形式作宾补时,其中的leave 保留了原来之义“留下”,但表达的确切之义应是“使……处于某种状态)。

英语的主谓宾定状补详解

英语的主谓宾定状补详解

英语的主谓宾定状补详解句子成分1、主语主语是谓语陈述的对象,指明说的是 "什么人"或"什么事物"。

例如:⑴ 中国人民志气高。

⑵ 提高整个中华民族的科学文化水平是亿万人民群众的切身事业。

2、谓语谓语是陈述主语、说明主语的。

说明主语"是什么"或"怎么样"。

例如:⑴ 满天乌云顿时消散了。

⑵ 树叶黄了。

⑶ 小王今年十六岁。

⑷ 鲁迅是中国现代文学的奠基人。

⑸ 明天星期日。

⑹ 什么书他都看。

3、宾语宾语在动语后面,表示动作、行为涉及的人或事物,回答"谁"或"什么"一类问题。

例如:⑴ 什么叫信息?⑵ 门口围关一群看热闹的。

⑶ 马克思认为知识是进行斗争和为无产阶级解放事业服务的手段。

4、定语定语是名语前面的连带成分,用来修饰、名词表示人或事物性质、状态、数量、所属等。

例如:⑴那(沉甸甸)的稻谷,象一垄垄(全黄)的珍珠。

⑵(三杯)美洒敬亲人。

⑶雪野中有(血红)的宝珠山茶,(白中隐青)的(单瓣)梅花。

⑷(中国)的历史有(自己)的特点。

5、状语状语是动语或形容词前面的连带成分,用来修饰、限制动词或形容词,表示动作的状态、方式、时间、处所或程度等6.补语对主语的形态、程度等补充说明的,如他跳的高里面的高就是补语。

二、介词是指放在某范围、方位了之前的虚词,副词一般修饰动词评论(0)60其他回答(3)蓝志快出书吧 6级 2009-11-22英语中句子成分有主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补助语、主语补足语表语、定语和状语。

主语表示句子所说的是“谁”或“什么事物”,由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。

Two students meet for the first time at the beginning of term. 两个学生在学期开始时初次见面。

谓语说明主语“做什么”,“是什么”或者“怎么样”。

Mr Zhu is showing the students of Class 4 the chemistry lab. 朱先生正带领4班学生参观化学实验室。

动词不定式、动名词用法及介词的用法

动词不定式、动名词用法及介词的用法

动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解一、作主语⒈不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式置于句首。

如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。

如:①It+be+名词+to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb+some time+to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It+be+形容词+for sb+to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour.④It+be+形容词+of sb+to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to doIt seemed impossible to save money.在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。

在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语。

这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式,如:It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.⒉动名词作主语Learning without practice is no good.动名词作主语时,也常用It句式。

动词后接动词不定式/动名词作宾语用法小结

动词后接动词不定式/动名词作宾语用法小结

动词后接动词不定式/动名词作宾语用法小结动词是英语中最活跃的词性之一,其主要作用是在句中作谓语。

在谓语动词后接动词作宾语时,主要分为两种情况:Ⅰ动词加动词不定式能以不定式做宾语的动词很多,常见的有:want,hope,wonder,wish,agree,try,manager,offer,decide,fail,refuse,ask,pretend,intend,attempt,teach,discuss等。

例如:I have learned to drive the car.They refused to accept my suggestion.He promised to come.Ⅱ动词加动名词在enjoy, appreciate, admit, consider, mind, avoid., miss, can’t help, deny, practise, allow, finish, imagine, forbid, suggest等这些动词之后要求用动名词作宾语。

例如:Have you finished repairing your car?She suggested spending another week in the country.Do you feel like taking a walk.通常要后接动名词作宾语的动词英语中有些动词后接另一个动词作宾语时,通常要用不定式,不用动名词,这类动词主要admit(承认), advise(建议), allow(允许), appreciate(感激), avoid(避免), consider(考虑), delay(推迟), discuss(讨论), dislike(不喜欢), enjoy(喜爱), escape(逃脱), excuse(原谅), fancy(没想到), finish(完成), forbid(禁止), forgive(原谅), give up(放弃), imagine(想像), keep(保持), mention(提及), mind(介意), miss(没赶上), pardon(原谅), permit(允许), practise(练习), prevent(阻止), put off(推迟), report(报告), resist(忍住), risk(冒险), stop(停止), suggest(建议), understand(理解)等。

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部分动词后接不定式和/或动名词作宾语和宾补时用法辨析
只能接不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应: hope,wish,want,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝: demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定: manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择: pretend,choose
只能接动名词作宾语的动词/短语
考虑建议盼原谅: consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon 承认推迟没得想: admit, delay/put off, fancy
避免错过继续练: avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice
否认完成就欣赏: deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate
禁止想象才冒险: forbid, imagine, risk
不禁介意准逃亡: can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape
难以忍受始反对:can't stand难以忍受),set about开始,着手),object to 想要成功坚持忙: feel like, succeed in, stick to, insist on, be busy (in) 习惯放弃有困难:be used to, give up, have difficulty/trouble (in) 导致专心防道歉:lead to, devote to, prevent …from …,apologize for
以下动词/短语接不定式和动名词含义不同:
四、不定式在以下动词后作宾语补足语时需要要和省略to
一感:feel
二听:hear, listen to
三让:make, let, have
四看:see, notice, watch, observe
以下动词/短语接不定式和动名词含义不同:半帮助:help (可省可不省)。

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