2019年云南昆明理工大学最优化理论与方法考研真题
昆明理工大学841材料力学2019年考研专业课真题
昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)
考试科目代码：841 考试科目名称：材料力学
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1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
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2019年云南昆明理工大学算法分析与设计考研真题
2019年云南昆明理工大学算法分析与设计考研真题一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1、二分搜索算法是利用（）实现的算法。
A、分治策略B、动态规划法C、贪心法D、回溯法2、在下列算法中有时找不到问题解的是（）。
A、蒙特卡罗算法B、拉斯维加斯算法C、舍伍德算法D、数值概率算法3、以下不可以使用分治法求解的是（）。
A棋盘覆盖问题B选择问题C归并排序D0/1背包问题4、下列算法中通常以深度优先方式系统搜索问题解的是（）。
A、备忘录法B、动态规划法C、贪心法D、回溯法5、分支限界法解最大团问题时，活结点表的组织形式是（）。
A、最小堆B、最大堆C、栈D、数组6、回溯法的效率不依赖于下列哪些因素（）。
A、满足显约束的值的个数B、计算约束函数的时间C、计算限界函数的时间D、确定解空间的时间7、（）是贪心算法与动态规划算法的共同点。
A、重叠子问题B、构造最优解C、贪心选择性质D、最优子结构性质8、分支限界法解旅行售货员问题时，活结点表的组织形式是（）。
A、最小堆B、最大堆C、栈D、数组9、下面问题（）不能使用贪心法解决。
A、单源最短路径问题B、N皇后问题C、最小生成树问题D、背包问题10、回溯法搜索状态空间树是按照（）的顺序。
A、中序遍历B、广度优先遍历C、深度优先遍历D、层次优先遍历11、下列是动态规划算法基本要素的是（）。
A、定义最优解B、构造最优解C、算出最优解D、子问题重叠性质12、合并排序算法是利用（）实现的算法。
A、分治策略B、动态规划法C、贪心法D、回溯法13、背包问题的贪心算法所需的计算时间为（）。
A、O（n2n）B、O（nlogn）C、O（2n）D、O（n）14、实现最大子段和利用的算法是（）。
A、分治策略B、动态规划法C、贪心法D、回溯法15、优先队列式分支限界法选取扩展结点的原则是（）。
A、先进先出B、后进先出C、结点的优先级D、随机16、广度优先是（）的一搜索方式。
A、分支界限法B、动态规划法C、贪心法D、回溯法17、下列哪一种算法是随机化算法（）。
昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)
昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：876考试科目名称：工程热力学
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
昆明理工大学801GIS原理及应用专业课考研真题(2019年)
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2． 评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。 3． 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。 4． 答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
一、名词解释（6×5=30 分） 1、地理信息 2、高斯克吕格投影 3、栅格结构 4、DTM
硕士研究生
入 学 考 试 试 题
（原版真题）
全国高校自命题专业课考研真题（原版试题）
昆明理工大学 2019 年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A 卷)
考试科目代码：801
考试科目名称 ：GIS 原理及应用
考生答题须知
1． 所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。 请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
以梦为马 5、元数据
6、拓扑关系 二、简答题（5×10 = 50 分） 1、高斯投影的基本条件、变形特征是什么？
不付韶华 2、空间数据处理主要包括哪些内容？
3、什么是地图投影？它与 GIS 的关系如何？ 4、阐述矢、栅数据结构的优缺点。 5、栅格数据（混合像元）的取值方法有哪些？ 三、辨析题（2×15 = 30 分） 1、信息与地理信息 2、DTM（数字地形模型）与 DEM（数字高程模型） 四、论述题（2×20 = 40 分） 1、GIS 可应用于哪些领域？论述 GlS 的应用和发展前景。 2、GIS 设计开发的主要研究内容是什么？
2019年云南昆明理工大学英语考研真题A卷
2019年云南昆明理工大学英语考研真题A卷Section I Structure and Vocabulary( 15 points )Directions: In this part, there are fifteen incomplete sentences. For each sentence four alternatives A, B, C or D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET.1.Uncertainty about the economy is ___________ as serious unemployment takes place.A.limitedB. anywhereC. decreasedD. widespread2.Despite an easy-going man in character, Professor Harris’s comments on some academic arguments can be rather _______at times.A.harshB. preciseC. pleasantD. satiate3.In reading a newspaper, the editorial page is highly recommended not only for vocabulary but also for structuring and presenting thought.A worthy ofB wordy ofC rememberedD recommenced4.Being late for an appointment is annoying.A.irrigatingB. intriguingC. irritatingD. intimidating5.The criminal was asked to aid police in their inquiry.A.interviewB. questionC. investigationD. interrogation6.Tourists are being offered an excursion to see the biggest slum in Asia and experience for themselves the ____ the lives of the rich and the poor.A.disparity ofB. difference betweenC. disparity betweenD. differenceof7.Ask anyone why there is an obesity ______ and they will tell you that it's all down to eatingtoo much and burning too few calories.A.popularityB. currencyC. presentD. epidemic8. As a result of his method for early music education, Shinichi Suzuki _________ one of the world’s great violin teachers.A. knows thatB. has been known asC. is well known ofD. has been known for9. There are now many kinds of dictionaries, such as a dictionary of synonyms and antonyms, a biographical dictionary, and a geographical dictionary _____.A. with pronunciations givenB. that has pronunciations givenC. that have pronunciations givenD. that do have pronunciations given10. Each night when______ , my parents lit the fire in the bedroom.A. the temperature fellB. that the temperature did fallC. the temperature fell downD. because the temperature fell11. With ______spring, plants in the wildness grew greener.A the advent ofB arriving atC is arrived inD advention of12. __________the importance of taking notes in class in the first year of college.A. Little did he realizeB. A little he realizedC.He realized a littleD. He did realize little13. Each occupation has its own jargon ; bankers, lawyers and computer professionals, for example, all use among themselves language which outsiders _________.A.have difficulty to followB. have difficult followingC. have difficulty followingD. have difficulty of following14.Many people at that time believed that spices _______ food; however, Hall found that many marketed spices were teeming with bacteria, moulds and yeasts.A.helped preserveB. help preserveC. helps preserveD. help to preserve15.General Patton outwitted his enemy in that he trained his soldiers into an army always ready to fight anytime and anywhere. Here “outwitted” could be replaced with ____.A.was as smart asB. was so wise thatC. was cleverer thanD. was never so cunning asSection II. Reading Comprehension ( 40 points )Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked with A, B, C and D. You should decide on the BEST choices and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneI recently revisited the city which I was born in, which is a place well known for a castle built on a rock overlooking the surrounding plains, and even better known for a legendary figure who robbed the rich to give to the poor. As I toured the castle and its museum, visited the town center, and roamed around old haunts, I reflected on how the buildings that people of different eras build reflect their central preoccupations.The castle was originally built in the eleventh century, and remained important for several centuries. Throughout the medieval period castles and fortified houses were built. The powerful landowners surveyed and dominated the surrounding lands, the source of their wealth and prestige.Once the industrial era began, castles were sidelined. The merchants and factory owners built town halls, churches, factories and imposing office buildings. The town center reflects this era. An imposing town hall, complete with massive pillars and monumental lions, overlooks the town square. The square is surrounded by equally massive blocks of shops, banks and offices, built to reflect the power of trade in the heyday of the British Empire.Most people, who enter the city today never visit the castle or the old market square, head for the two shopping malls situated at either end of the city center. Here the visitor can shop to their hearts content in an environment of glass and polished chrome. Modern man is no longer a warrior defending his land, or a builder of churches, or a governor of people: he is primarily a consumer. The buildings our generation leaves to posterity will reflect our predominant interest--- shopping.16.The author's approach to the topic can best be described asA.How people change their mind when paying a visitB.Tourists today are less historical-mindedC.A comparative look between the old and the modernD.Shopping is more significant than castle visits17.According to the author, the central preoccupation of different eras could be reflected through _____.A.their landsB. their interestsC. the plains that could be overlookedD. the way they make their buildings18.Castles prove to be useful, in this passage, _____.A.before the industrial revolutionB. when tourists want to shop in themC. as merchants and governors like them to beD. because they are imposing19.Which of the following is the symbol of the British Empire, according to the passage?A.The castles and fortified houses.B. Massive blocks of shops, banks and offices.C. Building with glass and polished chrome.D. Town halls, churches, factories and imposing office buildingsPassage TwoThe study of ecology has taught us that diversity is important to stabilityin the natural world. Modern agricultural practices and other human interventionsin the environment reduces the number of interacting species making the ecosystem vulnerable and unstable.Similarly, human society in its progress toward the cliched global village is liable to make the world less stable not more stable. We are eliminating languages, traditional diets, and eroding cultural practices at an alarming rate. The whole world wants to speak the same language, eat the same food and wear the same clothes. But will this homogeneity be good for the human species? Biologists would tend to say no.Certainly a world where we can all understand each other and share common interests is appealing on one level. But how infinitely poorer we will all be if we travel 5000 miles from home only to find no new people, no new places, no new ways of living, just a copy of what you experience back home.20.According to the author, to speak the same language, eat the same food and wear the same clothes are _____.A.the wishes of people around the worldB.study of biology is of primary importantC.of more demerits than meritsD. keeping the world stable21. The author implies that ______.A.human intervention into the natural environment may reduce the number of speciesB.human intervention into the natural environment may cause the invulnerabilityof ecosystemC. agricultural practices influence interaction between speciesD. agricultural practice is one of the causes for the stability of ecosystem.22. It is true, according to the passage, that ____.A.if we travel 5,000 miles, we will become poorerB.traveling to new places and meeting new people will make us poorer than everC.if we cannot see the differences when traveling afar, what’s the use of traveling?D. if we cannot see the differences when traveling afar, we can infinitely eat the same food and wear the same clothes23. The word “homogeneity” may probably mean______.A.homo sapiensB. homosexualityC. samenessD. homelinessPassage ThreeSmith’s 1776 work, "An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations," also shortened as "The Wealth of Nations," appeared at the dawn of industrial development in Europe. While critics note that Smith didn't invent many of the ideas that he wrote about, he was the first person to compile and publish them in a format designed to explain them to the average reader of the day. As a result, he is responsible for popularizing many of the ideas that underpin the school of thought that became known as classical economics.Other economists built on Smith's work to solidify classical economic theory,which would become the dominant school of economic thought through the Great Depression. In this book, Smith discussed the stages of evolution of society, from a hunter stage without property rights or fixed residences to nomadic agriculture with shifting residences. A feudal society is the next stage. In this stage, laws, and property rights are established to protect privileged classes. Laissez-faire （自由放任）or free markets characterize modern society in which new institutions are established to conduct market transactions.Laissez-faire philosophies, such as minimizing the role of government intervention and taxation in the free markets, and the idea that an "invisible hand" guides supply and demand are among the key ideas Smith's writing is responsible for promoting. These ideas reflect the concept that each person, by looking out for him or herself, inadvertently helps to create the best outcome for all. "It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we can expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest," Smith wrote.24.In the 1st paragraph, the author says that ____.A.ideas in “the Wealth of Nations”had never been known to ordinary readers before Smith proposed themB.it was not until the publication of Smith’s book did some of the ideas become popularC.these ideas had long been known to people in Europe but Smith framed them into his writingD.Smith didn’t invent any of these ideas that he wrote about,but he was the first to know about them.25.In the 2nd paragraph, Smith divided stages of social evolution into _____.A.three stages, i.e., hunter stage, stage of nomadic agriculture and stage of feudal society and each is distinguished with property rightB.two stages, i.e., stage of hunter and nomadic agriculture, and stage of feudal society and each is distinguished with fixed residenceC.four stages, i.e., hunter stage, stage of nomadic agriculture, stage of feudalsociety and stage of privileged classes, each distinguished with shifting residence D. three stages, i.e., hunter stage, stage of nomadic agriculture and stage of feudal society, each distinguished with fixed residence, shifting residence and property right26. Which of the following is not the key idea of Adam Smith?A.There is an invisible hand guiding supply and demand in the free market.ernment should give the least intervention into the market.C.Each person should work inadvertently on their own.D.A baker’s interest may bring us the meal that we expect.27.“Invisible hand” in this context refers to _____.A.demand and supply in a free market could be regulated on its ownernment’s role could be self-reduced through minimizationC.benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker cannot be seenD.ideas proposed by Smith are invisible but have to be written and publishedPassage FourArtificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction. Particular applications of AI include expert systems, speech recognition and machine vision.AI can be categorized as either weak or strong. Weak AI, also known as narrow AI, is an AI system that is designed and trained for a particular task. Virtual personal assistants, such as Apple's Siri, are a form of weak AI. Strong AI, also known as artificial general intelligence, is an AI system with generalized human cognitive abilities. When presented with an unfamiliar task, a strong AI system is able to find a solution without human intervention.Because hardware, software and staffing costs for AI can be expensive, many vendors are including AI components in their standard offerings, as well as access to Artificial Intelligence as a Service (AIaaS) platforms. AI as a Service allows individuals and companies to experiment with AI for various business purposes and sample multiple platforms before making a commitment. Popular AI cloud offerings include Amazon AI services, IBM Watson Assistant, Microsoft Cognitive Services and Google AI services.Some industry experts believe that the term artificial intelligence is too closely linked to popular culture, causing the general public to have unrealistic fears about artificial intelligence and improbable expectations about how it will change the workplace and life in general. Researchers and marketers hope the label augmented intelligence, which has a more neutral connotation, will help people understand that AI will simply improve products and services, not replace the humans that use them.28.The machine that owns the processes to ______could be called AI.A.learn, correct itself and recognize speechB. to see, learn by itself and recognizeC. to correct itself and learn by itself and judge on its ownD. to recognize human speech, play the role of expert and hear what human says29. The main difference between strong and weak AI is that_____.A. strong AI is based on more general cognitive ability than a weak oneB. a weak AI can fulfill a particular mission more efficiently than a strong oneC. given an unfamiliar task, a weak AI would recognize it immediatelyD. could be found in Apple’s Siri, Google, Amazon and IBM, etc.30. Access to Artificial Intelligence as a Service platforms is allowed because_____.A. experiment with AI for various business purposes could be very expensiveB. sampling multiple platforms before making a commitment is importantC. cost to AI as a service is so high that no individual or company could afford itD. costs to make AI is so high that no individual or company could afford it31. The main human concern over AI in this passage mainly refers to ______.A. whether AI will help them with difficult jobsB. that AI will finally take their placeC. whether AI will use themD. if AI will improve products and servicesPassage FiveScientific investigation is a studious research or inquiry; especially examination or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws. While the techniques that scientists use to conduct research may differ across disciplines, like mathematics, physics, biology, chemistry, literature, history, philosophy, or any other scientific field, the underlying principles and objectives are similar. The scientific method, for instance, is defined in The Oxford English Dictionary as “a method or procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypothesis.”The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind. It is simply the mode at which all phenomena are reasoned about, rendered precise and exact. There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person, as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graduated weights. It is not that the action of scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but the beam of one is set on a indefinitely finer axis than the other, and of course turns by the addition of a much smaller weight.32.Methods of scientific investigation, regardless of natural science and social science or humanities studies, are____.A.different in essenceB. of great difference in scaleC. similar in phenomenaD. basically similar33. According to the passage, the difference between a chemist and a butcher weighing something is that ____.A. the former operates more mentally than the latterB. the former does it more indefinitelyC. the latter does it with less principle than the formerD. the latter balances less than the former34. Which of the following may serve as the best topic for this passage?A. Scientific researches and experimentation.B. What is meant by method of scientific investigation?C. How to demonstrate a hypothesis?D. Differences of scientific investigation across disciplines.35. Which of the following is true, according to the passage?A. The Oxford English Dictionary does not mentioned social science when giving definition of scientific method.B. The scale used by a baker is not the same as that of a scientist.C.The Oxford English Dictionary’s definition of scientific method includes systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, but not modification of hypothesis.D. The method of scientific investigation is nothing of the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind.Section III Translation (25 points)Part One English-Chinese Translation (15 points)Directions: Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET.36.In science, validity is the extent to which a concept, conclusion, or measurement is well founded and corresponds accurately to the real world. It has also been defined as an overall assessment of the degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretation of the scores entailed by proposed uses of the instrument. To phrase it simply, validity refers to the degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretations of measures. These definitions prompt questions about the “real” meaning and interpretation of scores collected with health measurement instruments. The word “valid” is derived from the Latin “validus,” meaning strong. In that sense, the validity of a measurement instrument is the degree to which it measures what it claims to measure.Part Two Chinese - English Translation (10 points)Directions: Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into English. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET.37.用另一种语言工作可能会又尴尬又有挑战性，但是它也会有非常多的积极面。
2019年云南昆明理工大学计算机学科基础综合考研真题A卷
2019年云南昆明理工大学计算机学科基础综合考研真题A卷数据结构部分：一、选择题：（40分，每题2分）1.已知10个数据元素（54，28，16，34，73，62，95，60，26，43），按照依次插入结点的方法生成一棵二叉排序树后，则查找值为62的结点所需比较的次数是[ ]。
A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 52.在一棵完全二叉树中，若编号为 j 的结点有右孩子，则该结点的编号为[ ] 。
A. 2*j-1B. 2*jC. 2*j+1D. j/23.在线性表的存储结构中，[ ]查找（按关键字查找）、插入、删除速度慢，但顺序存取和随机存取第i个元素速度快；[ ]查找和存取速度快，但插入、删除速度慢；[ ]查找、插入和删除速度快，但不能进行顺序存取；[ ]插入、删除和顺序存取速度快；但查找速度慢。
A. 顺序有序表,散列表，顺序表，链接表B. 顺序有序表，链接表，散列表，顺序表C. 顺序表，顺序有序表，散列表，链接表D. 顺序表，顺序有序表，链接表，散列表4.由分别带权为9，2，5，7的四个叶结点构造一棵哈夫曼树，则该树的带权路径长度是[ ]。
A. 23B.37C. 44D. 465.如果已知一个栈的入栈序列是：1，2，3，．．．，n，其出栈序列是：p1，p2，p3，．．．，pn，若p1=n，则pi为 [ ]A．i B．n+i C．n-i D．n-i+16.已知8个数据元素（34，76，45，18，26，54，92，65），按照依次插入结点的方法生成一棵二叉排序树，则最后两层上的结点总数是[ ]。
A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 47.对线性表进行二分查找时，要求线性表必须是[ ]。
A.以顺序方式存储B.以链接方式存储C.以顺序方式存储，且数据元素有序D.以链接方式存储，且数据元素有序8.一个中缀算术表达式a+（b-x）*y，则对应的后缀算术表达式为[ ]。
A. a b x y - * +;B. a b x - + y *;C. a b x - y * +;D. a b x y * - +;9.已知一个有序表为（12，18，24，35，47，50，62，83，90，115，134），当二分查找值为90的元素时，[ ]次比较后查找成功；当二分查找值为47的元素时，[ ] 次比较后查找成功。
2019年昆明理工大学管理学考研真题
昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：837 考试科目名称：管理学
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题。
2019年昆明理工大学高等数学考研真题
昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：842 考试科目名称：高等数学
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
2019年昆明理工大学马克思主义基本原理概论考研真题
昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)
考试科目代码：867 考试科目名称：马克思主义基本原理概论
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
第 1 页共1 页。
2019年云南昆明理工大学普通化学考研真题A卷
2019年云南昆明理工大学普通化学考研真题A 卷一、名词解释（45分，每小题5分）1、相2、状态函数3、反应热4、自发反应5、活化能6、物质的量浓度7、氧化还原反应8、元素周期律9、同分异构体二、填空题（30分，每空2分）1、对于反应：N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) == 2NH 3(g) △r H m Ө(298.15K) = — 92.2 kJ .mol -1 若升高温度(例如升高100K),则下列各项将如何变化(填写:不变,基本不变,增大或减小。
)△r H m Ө ，△r S m Ө ，△r G m Ө ， K Ө 。
2、用铂作阳极，铜作阴极电解CuSO 4溶液时，则阳极反应为 ，阴极反应为__________________________。
3、某放热反应的∑vB(g) > 0，则升高温度( p 不变)时，化学平衡的移动方向为 ；在增大压力( T 不变)时平衡移动方向 。
4、判断过程：C 6H 6(l) = C 6H 6(g) 的焓变∆H_______， 熵变∆S_______；(填>0、<0或=0)。
5、熵是体系 的量度，熵的单位是 。
6、酸碱质子理论认为： 是酸， 是碱，H 2S 是酸，其共轭碱是 。
三、计算题（75分）1、试计算石灰石(CaCO 3)热分解反应的△θH (298.15K)和△θS (298.15K) ，并初步分析该反应的自发性。
已知△f θH (CaCO 3，298.15K)＝-1206.92kJ ·mol -1，△f θH (CaO ，298.15K)＝-635.09kJ ·mol -1，△f θH (CO 2，298.15K)＝-393.509kJ ·mol -1，△f θS (CaCO 3，298.15K)＝92.9J ·mol -1·K -1，△f θS (CaO ，298.15K)＝39.75 J ·mol -1·K -1，△f θS (CO 2，298.15K)＝213.74 J ·mol -1·K -1。
2019年昆明理工大学分析化学考研真题
考试科目代码：620 考试科目名称：分析化学
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
考试科目代码：620 考试科目名称：分析化学
考生答题须知
5．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
6．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
7．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
8．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
2019昆明理工大学849有机化学试题A卷考研真题硕士研究生专业课考试试题
OH
OMe
OMe
OH
A、
B、
C、
D、
HO
OH
OH
OH
OMe
3、下列构象最稳定的是（ ）
H OH A、
CH3 H
OH
CH3
H
B、
H
H
HH
H
H CH3 C、
H H
H
HH
CH3 OH
D、
OH HH
4、下列碳正离子稳定性大小次序排列正确的是（ ）
+
A、
B、
+ C、
+
+
CH2 D、
A、A＞B＞C＞D B、A＞C＞D＞B C、C＞A＞D＞B D、B＞C＞D＞A
NH2
A、a＞b＞c＞d B、b＞c＞d＞a C、d＞c＞b＞a D、c＞b＞a＞d
第 2 页 共 4页
昆明理工大学 2019 年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
7、下列各组卤烃发生 SN1 反应速度由大到小的顺序是（ ） a) CH3CH=CHCH2Cl; b) CH3CHClCH3; c) CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl; d) CH3CH2CH=CHCl A、a＞ b＞c＞d B、a＞b＞d＞c C、c＞d＞a＞b D、d＞a＞b＞c
8、下列各化合物最易溶于浓硫酸的是（ ）
A、
B、
C、
D、
9、下列化合物与 AgNO3 的醇溶液反应速度快慢顺序为（ ）
a)
Cl b)
I c)
Br d)
Br
A、b＞d＞a＞c B、b＞d＞c＞a C、c＞a＞b＞d
D、a＞d＞b＞c
10、下列化合物与金属钠反应的活性顺序为（ ）
2019昆明理工大学843高等代数研究生入学考试试题A卷考研真题硕士研究生专业课考试试题
第 1 页 共 2 页昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A 卷)考试科目代码：843考试科目名称 ：高等代数考生答题须知 1． 所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2． 评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3． 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4． 答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
一、填空题（每小题3分，共30分）1. 当= 时，与有公共根。
2. 设是阶方阵，且，则 。
3. 已知向量组线性无关， 则线性 。
4. 已知方阵满足，则 。
5. 当满足 时，二次型是负定的。
6. 已知数域上线性空间中线性无关的元素组为，现令，则子空间的维数是 ，它的一组基为 。
7. 已知阶方阵的特征值为，则矩阵的特征值为 ，行列式 。
8. 已知矩阵与矩阵相似，则 ， 。
9. 设矩阵，则满足 时，矩阵为度量矩阵。
λ2()f x x x λ=+2()4g x x x λ=++A n ||2A =1*14A A -⎛⎫+-= ⎪⎝⎭123,,ααα11232233123,,23βαααβααβααα=-+=+=-+A 3245A A A E O --+=1(2)A E --=k 2221231231213(,,)2(1)22f x x x x x k x kx x x x =--+---P V 1234,,,αααα112223334441,,,βααβααβααβαα=+=+=+=+112233441234{|,,,}W k k k k k k k k P ββββ=+++∈3A 1,1,2-322B A A =-||B =20022311A x -⎛⎫ ⎪= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭10002000B y -⎛⎫ ⎪= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭x =y =1210204t A t ⎛⎫ ⎪= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭t A。
昆明理工大学管理学2007--2019年考研真题
昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：837 考试科目名称：管理学
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
第 1 页共25 页。
昆明理工大学356城市规划基础2019年考研专业课真题试卷
昆明理工大学2019年考研专业课初试真题昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)
考试科目代码：356 考试科目名称：城市规划基础
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
一．名词解释（30分，共5题，每题6分）
1. 控制性详细规划
2. 城市职能
3. 闾里
4. 增长极理论
5. 历史地段
二．简答（60分，共5题，每题12分）
1. 简要阐述“三区三线”的主要内容及其对于城市空间规划的作用和意义。
2. 简要阐述欧洲中世纪中晚期“自治城市”的主要特征。
3. 简述城乡规划与土地利用总体规划的关系。
4. 简要阐述村庄规划的主要内容。
5. 请简述城市设计的含义、作用及与城市规划的关系。
三．论述（60分，共3题，每题20分）
1.请手绘《周礼·考工记》周王城模式图及维特鲁威理想城模式图，并以此论述我国传统城
市规划思想与西方理想城城市规划思想的异同。
2．请举例论述大学城对于城市发展的积极作用及其现存问题。
3、城市规划的影响要素有哪些？以你熟悉的城市为例，分别阐述其作用和分析方法。
精都考研（）——全国100000考研学子的选择
第 1 页共 1 页。
昆明理工大学843高等代数2019年考研专业课真题试卷
第 1 页 共 2 页昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A 卷)考试科目代码：843 考试科目名称 ：高等代数考生答题须知1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
一、填空题（每小题3分，共30分）1. 当= 时，与有公共根。
λ2()f x x x λ=+2()4g x x x λ=++2. 设是阶方阵，且，则 。
A n ||2A =1*14A A -⎛⎫+-= ⎪⎝⎭3. 已知向量组线性无关，则123,,ααα线性 。
11232233123,,23βαααβααβααα=-+=+=-+4. 已知方阵满足，则 。
A 3245A A A E O --+=1(2)A E --=5. 当满足 时，二次型k 是负定的。
2221231231213(,,)2(1)22f x x x x x k x kx x x x =--+---6. 已知数域上线性空间中线性无关的元素组为，现令P V 1234,,,αααα，112223334441,,,βααβααβααβαα=+=+=+=+则子空间的维数是 ，它的一组基112233441234{|,,,}W k k k k k k k k P ββββ=+++∈为 。
7. 已知阶方阵的特征值为，则矩阵的特征值为 ，行3A 1,1,2-322B A A =-列式 。
||B =8. 已知矩阵与矩阵相似，则 ，20022311A x -⎛⎫ ⎪= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭10002000B y -⎛⎫ ⎪= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭x =y =。
9. 设矩阵，则满足 时，矩阵为度量矩阵。
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2019年云南昆明理工大学最优化理论与方法考研真题
请从以下7题中任选5题作答。
多做不加分，按回答的前5题计分。
1、（20分）有一艘货轮的货运舱分前、中、后三个舱位，它们的容积与最大允许载货量如表1所示。
现有三种货物待运，已经有关数据如表2所示。
表1
表2
又为了航海安全，前、中、后舱实际载重量大体保持各舱最大允许载重量的比例关系。
具体要求：前、后舱分别与中舱之间载重量比例的偏差不超过15%，前、后舱之间不超过10%。
问该货轮应该载A,B,C各多少件运费收入才最大？试建立这个问题的线性规划模型，不求解。
2、（20分）某厂生产甲、乙、丙三种产品，分别经过A、B、C三种设备加工。
已知生产单位各种产品所需的设备台时、设备的现有加工能力及每件产品的预期利润见表3。
表3
1）求获得利润最大的产品的生产计划；
2）产品甲的利润在多大范围内变化时，原最优计划保持不变；
3）设备C的能力如果为160+m，确定保持最优基不变的m的取值范围；
4）如有一种新产品丁，加工一件需设备A、B、C台时各为2、3、7h，预期每件产品利润为8元，是否值得安排生产？
3、（20分）请论述线性规划原问题和对偶问题的关联性，解释影子价格的经济含义及其与市场价格的关系。
4、（20分）已知某运输问题的产销平衡表、单位运价表及给出的一个最优调运方案分别见表4、表5所示，试确定表5中k的取值范围。
表4
表5
5、（20分）已知有6个村子，相互间道路的距离如图1所示。
拟合建一所小学，已知A处有小学生60人，B处有50人，C处有50人，D处30人，E处70人，F处40人。
问小学应该建在哪一个村子，使学生上学最方便（走的总路程最短）。
图1
6、（20分）用动态规划方法求解下面问题：
22
1233
123max 224240,1,2,3
i z x x x x x x x x i =++-++≤⎧⎨
≥=⎩
7、（20分）智能算法大都会采用最优化的相关理论，除了运筹学中的算法（线性规划、非线性规划、运输问题等的求解算法），列举你知道的其他智能算法？试着分析一种智能算法的求解思路（包括优化目标、算法思想、过程），并与运筹学中某种算法进行比较，说明各自的优缺点。