小升初语法知识点总结(二)
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比较级
注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。
如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My c omputer is nicer than Nancy’s. My brother is stronger than me.
rain与snow的用法
(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词
如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。
(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:
动词原形rain, snow;
第三人称单数rains ,snows;
现在分词raining; snowing
过去式rained; snowed;
如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。
②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。
③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。
④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。
(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的
如:It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。
If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。
形容词副词比较级的构成
规则的:
(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er
如;small—smaller;low—lower;
(2)以e结尾的加r
如:late—larer;
(3)双写词尾加er
如:big—bigger;thin—thinner;fat—fatter;
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er
如:heavy—heavier;early—earlier;
不规则的有:
good,well—better(最高级为best);many,much---more(最高级为most);
far---farther;
规则动词过去式的构成
(1)直接在动词后加ed
如:clean—cleaned;milk—milked;play—played;
(2)以e结尾的直接加d
如:dance—danced;taste—tasted;
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed
如:study—studied;carry—carried;
(4)双写词尾加ed
如:stop—stopped;jog—jogged;
不规则的有:am,is—was;are—were;do,does—did;have,has—had;go—went;meet—met;sit—sat;see—saw;get—got;tell—told;run—ran;come—came;stea l—stole;read—read;
现在分词的构成
(1)直接在动词后加ing
如:sing—singing;ski—skiing;
(2)双写词尾加ing
如:swim—swimming;jog—jogging;run—running;
(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing
如:ride—riding;dance—dancing;make—making;
动词第三人称单数的构成
(1)直接在动词后加s
如:run—runs;dance—dances
(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es
如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es
如:study—studies;carry—carries;
名词复数构成的方法
有规则的有:
(1)直接在名词后加s
如orange—oranges;photo—photos;
(2)以x,s,sh,ch结尾的加es
如:box—boxes;glass—glasses;waitress—waitresses;watch—watches;peach --peaches
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es
如:study—studies;library—libraries;hobby—hobbies;family—families;
(4)以f,fe结尾的改f,fe为v+es如:knife—knives;thief—thieves(注:以o 结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es,mango—mangoes其余加s,)
不规则的有:
man—men;woman—women;people—people;child—children
时间介词
季节前,月份前用介词in
如:in summer;in March
具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on
如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning
在几点钟前用介词at
如: at a quarter to four;
只在上下午晚上用in
如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;
但在夜间用at night。