小升初语法知识点总结(二)

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比较级

注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。

如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My c omputer is nicer than Nancy’s. My brother is stronger than me.

rain与snow的用法

(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词

如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。

(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:

动词原形rain, snow;

第三人称单数rains ,snows;

现在分词raining; snowing

过去式rained; snowed;

如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。

②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。

③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。

④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。

(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的

如:It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。

If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。

形容词副词比较级的构成

规则的:

(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er

如;small—smaller;low—lower;

(2)以e结尾的加r

如:late—larer;

(3)双写词尾加er

如:big—bigger;thin—thinner;fat—fatter;

(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er

如:heavy—heavier;early—earlier;

不规则的有:

good,well—better(最高级为best);many,much---more(最高级为most);

far---farther;

规则动词过去式的构成

(1)直接在动词后加ed

如:clean—cleaned;milk—milked;play—played;

(2)以e结尾的直接加d

如:dance—danced;taste—tasted;

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed

如:study—studied;carry—carried;

(4)双写词尾加ed

如:stop—stopped;jog—jogged;

不规则的有:am,is—was;are—were;do,does—did;have,has—had;go—went;meet—met;sit—sat;see—saw;get—got;tell—told;run—ran;come—came;stea l—stole;read—read;

现在分词的构成

(1)直接在动词后加ing

如:sing—singing;ski—skiing;

(2)双写词尾加ing

如:swim—swimming;jog—jogging;run—running;

(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing

如:ride—riding;dance—dancing;make—making;

动词第三人称单数的构成

(1)直接在动词后加s

如:run—runs;dance—dances

(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es

如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es

如:study—studies;carry—carries;

名词复数构成的方法

有规则的有:

(1)直接在名词后加s

如orange—oranges;photo—photos;

(2)以x,s,sh,ch结尾的加es

如:box—boxes;glass—glasses;waitress—waitresses;watch—watches;peach --peaches

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es

如:study—studies;library—libraries;hobby—hobbies;family—families;

(4)以f,fe结尾的改f,fe为v+es如:knife—knives;thief—thieves(注:以o 结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es,mango—mangoes其余加s,)

不规则的有:

man—men;woman—women;people—people;child—children

时间介词

季节前,月份前用介词in

如:in summer;in March

具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on

如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning

在几点钟前用介词at

如: at a quarter to four;

只在上下午晚上用in

如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;

但在夜间用at night。

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