最新初三中考英语词语辨析专项

最新初三中考英语词语辨析专项

一、学习目标

掌握常见动词的词义辨析

二、知识讲解

第一组词语辨析：come, be here

?[误] He has come here for three hours.

?[正] He came here three hours ago.

?[正] He has been here for three hours.

与此同类的还有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away等.

如何把短暂动词变成持续的状态呢？

第二组词语辨析：spend, cost, take

(1)spend的主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型：

（sb）spend some money/some time on sth.

（sb）spend some money/some time (in) doing sth.

例句：

1. I spent fifty yuan on the coat.

= I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。

2. He spent three days on the work.

= He spent three days (in) doing the work. 他干这项工作用了3天。

或物。

(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”

往往用于以下句型：

It takes/took sb.some time to do sth＝sth.takes/took sb.some time.

例句：

It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses.

The work will take me two days.

（3）cost的主语必须是某物。

往往用于以下句型：sth.cost (sb.) some money。

20.

例句：The dictionary cost me ￡

（4）pay的主语必须是某人。

往往用于以下句型：sb. pay some money for sth.

例句：I paid 200 yuan for that pair of shoes.

小测试：请用spend, take, pay, cost进行填空练习。

1. How much does the ticket _____ from Shanghai to Beijing?

2. It will _____ us several years to learn a foreign language well.

3. How much money did you _______ on the dictionary？

4. I _____ 15 yuan for this new book last year.

第三组词语辨析：join, join in, take part in

（1）take part in 意为“参加，参与（某事物或某活动，如：movement, revolution, meeting, conference, conversation, war等）”。

例句：

1. Switzerland didn't take part in this war.

瑞士没有参加这次战争。

2. How many countries will take part in the World Cup?

有多少个国家要参加世界杯？

（2）Join意为“参加（某组织），加入（某处任职），参加到某个人群中去，从而