《高级英语笔译》周一班级作业(第五讲)

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《高级笔译》课程教学大纲

《高级笔译》课程教学大纲

高级笔译一、性质和目的本课程是是为英语专业高年级学生开设的一门技能类专业必修课。

主要目的和任务是向学生系统传授基本翻译理论及常用英汉翻译方法与技巧,通过对两种语言形式的转换和比较,了解其词汇、句法和修辞方面的异同,更深入地理解英语的结构和习惯表达方式,提高学生对语言的实际应用水平,通过大量的翻译实践,使学生掌握英汉翻译基础理论知识,了解翻译基本要求和规律,巩固培养英汉互译实践能力。

二、基本要求正确认识课程的性质、任务及其研究对象。

基本了解我国及西方翻译史;中国译学状况回顾与反思;翻译的几个一般性问题;了解翻译的过程并能运用翻译的基础理论,进一步熟悉英汉两种语言的对比,掌握翻译的常用方法与技巧。

能够进行英汉互译及浅显的文学原著。

要求译文忠实原著,语言通顺流畅。

三、教学内容与学时本课程总学时:32学时。

教学安排跨度为1学期,周学时2节。

选用教材:《英译汉教程》连淑能高等教育出版社,2006选用教材:《英译汉教程》连淑能高等教育出版社,2006o第一章:翻译概论综合讲述翻译的定义,翻译的标准,译者的素质要求,翻译策略以及翻译过程,让学生对翻译有初步的了解第二章:英汉语言对比本章内容是对笔译基础课程的简单概括,对英汉语言的十个不同现象进行对比研究,让学生巩固前期基础课程所学内容,为后期学习提供语言依据第三章:选词法从情感意义,语法意义,语境意义,搭配意义,文体意义、模糊意义,引申意义,对应意义,准确意义,及同词异译,异词同译等十个角度来教会学生翻译时如何确定词义并选择合适的译文第四章:转换法由于英汉两种语言存在词类使用频率不同及句法结构不同的原因,因此在翻译时应该注意词类转换,如汉语多动用词,英文多用介词和名词,因此英译汉时英语词类多转换成汉语动词;由于英语多是复杂句,汉语多是简短句,所以英译汉时会有句法结构的转换。

第五章.增补法由于英汉两种语言语义范围不同,英译汉时会根据需要在汉语中增加词语补足语义,分别从不同角度增加,如语法结构角度,语义角度,还有修辞角度增补第六章省略法省略英语特有的词汇,省略汉语多余的词汇第七章重复法语法需要重复,修辞性重叠和重复第八章倒置法根据英汉对比的结果,英汉两种语言的句式结构存在很大差异,英文句式树式结构,汉语句子流水句,而且两种语言句子的逻辑顺序也存在差异,因此翻译时,必要的句子结构调整是需要的。

高级口译笔译

高级口译笔译

笔译高级指导:英汉报刊翻译常见错误(一)Chapter 1 习语翻译中的常见错误关于英语习语的概念,《英语习语大词典》在序言中说得很清楚:英语的idiom在汉语里相应的说法是“成语”或“习语”。

成语/习语是在语义上和语法上受到限制的词组和句子,它们作为一个单位来使用。

从语义学上看,成语的意义不是其中单个词的意思的总和;从语法上看,其中的词不允许任意变换,例如,英语的It’s raining cats and dogs是“倾盆大雨”的意思,不是“下猫和狗”;不允许变换成It’s raining a cat and a dog,也不允许变换成It’s raining dogs and cats;汉语里如“七嘴八舌”表示“人多言杂”,不是“七张嘴八个舌头”,不允许说成“七舌八嘴”。

所以有人把它叫做“现成的话语”,另外还有一种说法是“惯用组合”。

从本章的例子可以看出,英文习语的翻译最常见的错误就在于望文生义。

比如score 这个词,它有“二十”的意思,以为变成复数scores of 就是“几十”,殊不知词典上的释义是“许多,大量”。

可见,望文生义想当然在英语习语翻译中是容易出错的。

还有,英文的动词短语用的很广,可对我们中国人来说很头疼,一不小心就会闹笑话。

光从字面上理解往往就会弄错。

动词短语to tell sb. Off就是个明显的例子,光从字面上看,似乎是“叫某人走开”,可一查词典根本就没有这个意思。

请大家仔细研究下面的第一个例子:例1、in to the bargain是“讨价还价”吗?Georgia was waking up to a new president Monday but in to the bargain it was also getting as its first lady a green-eyed linguist from Holland who has already managed to cast a spell over the tiny Caucasus nation.Sandra Roelofs is seen by some as the secret weapon which enabled her husband Saakashvili to win a landslide victory in a presidential election held on Sunday.She accompanied her husband on the campaign trail, impressing voters with her command of Georgian and her easy going manner, even gamely doing a turn on the electric organ on a television chat show.But the tall, svelte and photogenic woman with strawberry blonde hair is more than just the stereotypical politician’s wife, looking pretty and staying in the background. She runs an investment consultancy, speaks six languages – she is currently learning a seventh – and some believe she is the real brains behind her husband’s meteoric rise to power.原译:星期一,格鲁吉亚意识到有一位新总统,但经讨价还价又得到了来自荷兰的通晓数国语言的第一夫人,她已千方百计迷住了高加索这个小国。

高级翻译练习材料

高级翻译练习材料

《高级(汉英)翻译》练习材料(内部使用,请勿外传)练习1-新闻文本“中国公主”十强选手赛前充电瓷娃娃美肤之旅作为2013年第四届杭州德国周最大的看点“科隆狂欢节中国公主评选总决赛”已进入倒计时阶段,十强佳丽们紧锣密鼓的在做她们的参赛准备。

为了让选手们能够在台上更有魅力和信心,本次大赛的指定形象机构将邀佳丽们前往虞美人国际集团的会所,亲身体验一趟瓷娃娃美肤之旅,用于文红独创的艺术面雕为他们设计、打造属于她们每个人不同的中国公主形象。

在中国公主的十强选手中既有校园美女,也有职场白领,还有来自时尚圈、演艺圈的达人,虽然来自不同行业,但是,如何保持瓷娃娃般无瑕疵的美肌却是她们共同的难题。

温妮是一个平面模特,她说:“在工作中,总免不了要化妆、熬夜,因而各种各样的肌肤问题也常常找上门来,她很担心如果她成为中国公主,无法把自己最光鲜、亮丽的一面表现出来。

其实像温妮这样有皮肤困扰的选手特别多,针对这些皮肤困扰和疑问,虞美人不仅为选手们提供了日常护肤的建议,更是提供了最有效的实践体验。

“我和历届的中国公主交流过,分享过,想到文化使者这么重要的角色能在美丽的西子湖畔诞生,我也义不容辞的要参与到这场盛会中来。

”大赛艺术总监于文红说。

“东方人的五官没有欧洲人立体,周围都是亚洲人感觉不出,去到德国就会有明显的感觉,脸变得很平面。

”但形象打造可不是让选手去动刀整形,五官与环境只有和谐统一才能产生美感,而最重要的由内而外的让肤质有比较明显的改善。

通过瓷娃娃项目对面部的松弛、眼角纹就能得到改善,上镜后的皮肤也就更透亮了。

另外,她还建议每位选手注意台上的服装、饰品等方面的和谐的搭配,才能把自己的优点最大化的凸显出来,从而掩盖掉缺点,选手的自信也能因此加分。

9月21日下午,“科隆狂欢节中国公主总决赛”将在吴山广场举办,谁将冠冕中国公主?谁将踏上科隆狂欢节的最高舞台?让我们一起期待吧!练习2-广告文本三星——让您的睡眠健康快乐您今天睡得好吗?每天8小时,每周56小时,每月240小时,每年2920小时或者说您一生中三分之一的时间,这是我们每个人花在睡觉上的时间。

综合英语5高级英语1部分课文翻译

综合英语5高级英语1部分课文翻译

Unit 1 The Fourth of July1)我第一次去华盛顿是在那年刚入夏,这个夏天也是我从此告别孩提时代的开始。

至少,这是他们在我们八年级毕业时对大家这么说的。

我的姐姐菲利丝同时从高中毕业。

我不清楚她应该告别什么阶段。

不过,作为给我们俩毕业的礼物,全家人于七月四日赴华盛顿旅游,2)那是我第一次大白天乘火车。

小时候,我们常去康涅狄格海边,我们总是晚上搭乘运送牛奶的火车,因为车票更便宜。

3)早在放假前,家里就洋溢着准备出发的气氛。

我们打包就花了一个星期。

有两个很大的箱子,是爸爸拿的,还有一个装满食品的盒子。

事实上,我的那第一次前往华盛顿的旅途是个流动的宴席;舒舒服服地在座位上刚坐下来,我就开吃了,一直吃到火车抵达费城附近的地方。

我记得那是费城4)我妈妈烤了两只鸡,还将它们很漂亮地切成一口一块那么大小。

她带了黑面包片、黄油、青椒和胡萝卜条;还有那边上点缀着叫做“万寿菊”的有点儿黄黄的冰镇蛋糕,是从库什曼面包,每一只都分开来包,以免碰伤。

此外,为了整洁,还有一沓沓的餐巾,一块放在小铁盒子里浸泡着玫瑰水和甘油的小毛巾,擦黏糊糊的嘴巴用的。

5)我想要到餐车去吃饭,因为我阅读过这方面的内容。

但是,妈妈已经无数次地提醒过我,在餐车里吃饭要花很多钱,而且还不知道那些吃的东西出自于什么人的手,也不知道那双手刚碰过,但是那几个嬷嬷悄悄地把她交的预付款退还给她,对她解释说,除了她,我们自己去,”爸爸信誓旦旦,“而且远不止住在便宜肮脏的旅馆里待一个晚上。

”6)在华盛顿,我们有一间大房间,两张双人床,外加一张给我的儿童床。

那是一家位于后街的旅馆,店主是爸爸的朋友,此人从事房地产业。

第二天做完弥撒之后,我便一整天眯起眼睛抬头仰望林肯纪念堂。

在这里玛丽安·安德森放声高歌,之前美国革命女儿会因为她是黑人拒绝她在他们的礼堂歌唱。

或许就因为她是“有色的”,就像爸爸给我们讲这个故事的时候那么说的。

要么他很可能说的是“黑人(Negro)”,因为在当时我父亲是相当进步的。

汉英高级笔译参考题副本

汉英高级笔译参考题副本

汉英高级笔译参考题随机抽取:第I题4分×5(小题);第II题10分×3(小题);第III题25分×2小题,合计100分将以下各句译成英语/汉语(每题4分)浪漫一身(时装广告。

注意―身‖、―声‖发音相似)光彩人生,源于光源!(荧光棒广告)小商品,大感受。

(家具配件广告。

要求前者处理为形容词加名词,后者为形容词加介词加名词)放飞梦想, 实现自我!(出国留学服务机构广告。

要求前者译成动宾结构,后者译成动词加副词)人人为我,我为人人!(某著名企业的财富观)人曾是佛,人不能成佛。

女卑为奴,女又可称奴。

(就中文而言,是个拆字游戏。

要求译文反复使用首韵法)7.日本,当以何为本?印度,难求大国之度(文章标题,含文字游戏)8.金日在手中,万事好成功!(口服液广告。

要求译文押韵)9.今天购买,就在今天享用!(商家促销口号。

要求译文押尾韵)10. 它工作,你(指家庭主妇)休息。

(洗衣机广告。

要求用chores和credit;注意动宾搭配)11. 先点击,后点钱!(IT产品,含文字游戏)12. 你不理财,财不理你。

(某财金杂志广告,其中―理‖字含双关)13. 我们实行三包:包修、包退、包换!(商家对顾客的承诺。

要求三个关键短语都以R开头)14. ―美的‖家电:美的(故意用错别字)全面,美的彻底。

(家用电器广告。

要求―全面‖、―彻底‖都译成相当于汉语―从……到……‖的格式)15. ―三优‖牌家具:优越的质量、优惠的价格、优质的(售后)服务(要求三个关键短语都以U开头)16. 茅台一开,满室生香。

17. 衣食住行,有龙则灵。

(建设银行―龙卡‖广告)18. 非常可乐,非常选择。

(饮料广告。

要求译文重复两遍字母F和C)19. 皮张之厚无以复加,利润之薄无以复减。

(皮件制品广告。

必须用thick和thin;允许词形有变通)20. 要想皮肤好,早晚用大宝。

(护肤霜广告)21.正如广大群众所批评的那样,我们现在是―卫星上天,厕所漏水‖。

2021年英语高级翻译资格考试笔译精选试题

2021年英语高级翻译资格考试笔译精选试题

2021年英语高级翻译资格考试笔译精选试题(1) 1. But the men, who have usually used their family’s life savings to get here, are mostly left alone但警察对大多数通常倾其家庭的生活积蓄来这里闯荡的男人们一般不予以干涉。

点评:该句的前面是这样的一个句子:Occasionally, the police bring bulldozers to tear down the shelters. 有时候,警察开来推土机拆除避难所。

该句讲述了那些到欧洲去的移民在西班牙南部省份的安达卢西亚的树林里过着颠沛流离的生活。

他们自己用废弃的东西临时搭建的破屋经常被警察们拆除。

这句中的被动语态“left alone”要给予正确理解,从这句话中还可以侧面了解西班牙的警察们对穷人的一点同情心。

2. Some drift into town to socialize and buy supplies, if they have money.一些人溜达到城里去参加社交活动,如果有钱的话,去购买些生活日用品。

点评:该句中“drift into”原意为“漂流”的意思,但在此句中则表现出那些移民在晚间百无聊赖,无所事事地在大街上闲逛的特点。

该句注重词义的恰当选择。

3. But when he arrived there, his uncle’s phone rang and rang.但当他来到这里,他叔叔的电话就打不通了。

点评:“rang and rang”是英语中表示电话铃的象声词。

在这句中通过该词的重复使用表现出“无人接听”的含义。

我们在授课中曾讲到英语的象声词:onomatopoeia,并例举了很多类似的词,如:give me a ring, give me a tinkle都表示给某人打电话,再如,a hot pan sizzles滚烫的油锅发出4. But I told him he was nothing to me.但我告诉他,他对我也没有什么帮助。

笔译Unit5

笔译Unit5

• Finally, after many years of starting the day this way, I have figured out that I am doing it not to obsess about death but to find out about life, real life. Obituaries capture the benchmarks of life span without passing judgment or making order out of the events.
• Given the tidbit of time at my disposal, I developed the habit of skimming the paper, which quickly came down to a surreptitious and almost superstitious ritual checking out obituaries.
• II. Text analysis • III. Translation skill----Omission
• Amplification 1. Resorting to arms is not the best solution to a quarrel between two countries. 2. He manifested a strong dislike for his father’s business. 3. The chairman summed up the work of the subcommittee composed of the representatives of the United States, Russia, China, Great Britain, and France. 4. They say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are. 5. He was a middle aged man, wearing spectacles. His clothes were worn and darned in places, and winkled and baggy in others. 6. He intends to drop names.

《英汉汉英笔译2》教学大纲

《英汉汉英笔译2》教学大纲

《英汉/汉英笔译2》教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程类别专业课程课程性质理论课程属性必修课程名称英汉/汉英笔译2课程英文名称E-C/C-E Translation 2课程编码F11ZB15C适用专业英语考核方式考试先修课程英汉/汉英翻译1总学时32学分2理论学时16实验学时/实训学时/ 实践学时/上机学时实践学时:16开课单位外国语学院二、课程简介《英汉/汉英笔译2》是本科高等学校英语专业一门重要的专业必修课程,是后续毕业论文写作,以及进一步提高英语综合运用能力的重要基础。

《英汉/汉英笔译2》是笔译课程的汉译英部分,介绍汉英翻译的基本理论与方法,培养和提高学生汉英转换能力和技巧,包括词、句、篇章层面的汉英转换。

该课程是笔译的高级阶段,是对学生汉语原文理解及其英语再现能力的全面训练和提升,课程教学关注汉英语言对比,强调汉英翻译是意义表达方式的改变,而非字面形式和意义的简单替换的翻译理念,并引导学生关注文化、语境、以及修辞因素对翻译过程的影响,从而形成关于对语言交际和翻译本质的更为全面的认识,提高基于汉英语言对比分析能力的汉译英能力。

三、课程教学目标知识目标目标1:学生对翻译的本质有全面、深刻的认识,即,翻译是源语意义在目标语中的再表达,是不同语言间的意义表达方式的转换,而非字面意义和结构的简单替换,不仅是语言意义的再表达,更是文化和意识形态意义的再表达。

以汉英两种语言的词汇、语法知识为基础,掌握汉英两种语言在词和句层面的语言对比的知识;基于语言对比的知识,充分认知英语词类及其语法功能,以句子为基本的翻译单位,掌握词和句子汉译英的基本方法和技巧;以词、句的汉英比较和翻译为基础,了解汉英篇章的主要形式差异,掌握汉英篇章的翻译的基本理论和方法。

以语料的掌握、翻译操作、语感、以及语言的敏感性为基础,充分了解语境、文化、文体修辞因素对汉英翻译的影响,汉英语言的知识与汉英翻译知识互为支撑和拓展。

能力目标目标2:掌握10000-12000个英文单词,涉及日常生活、政治、经济、中国国情等方面,以及这些单词组成的常用搭配;正确、熟练使用其中5000-6000个单词及其最常用的搭配,并能运用到汉英翻译中;以扎实的汉英语言、文化知识为基础,熟练掌握词、句层面的汉英翻译方法和技巧,英语译文语言规范,表达准确、达意;以词、句汉译英能力为基础,能借助词典等工具,将中文报刊的一般性描写、论说、应用文译成英语,能较好地运用英语衔接和连贯手段,译文忠实原意,语言通顺,语意连贯,每小时写译250到300单词。

《高级英语笔译》第三讲作业

《高级英语笔译》第三讲作业
9. Society then had not lost its exclusiveness nor its brilliance.
6、The pictures give a visual representation of the situation.
7、Robots have found application for the exploration of the outer space.
8、Internally the earth consists of two parts, a core and a mantle.
1、They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable.
课后作业
请翻译下列句子,指出使用了何种词类转换或增词减词方法(请 在使用了以上翻译方法的词语下方划线),如:
• The basilica is a conglomeration of contrary styles and periods. • 这座王宫把不同时期的不同(建筑风格)(融为一体)。 • (名转动,增词)
2、This watch never varies more than a second in a monthe frequent complaint of one generation
about the one immediately following it is inevitable.

课文翻译高级英语5

课文翻译高级英语5

Unit6 Where Is the News Leading Us?不久前我应邀参加了一次有关美国报业的作用的公众研讨会。

还有另外两个嘉宾也出席了。

一位是知名的电视节目主持人,另一位是美国一家主要报纸的编辑,他是一位彻头彻尾的新闻工作者---- 在据实报道的方式上坚忍不拔、积极进取且见识过人。

据我所知本次研讨旨在审查传媒的义务,并提出实现那些义务的最佳途径。

在公开讨论时,观众席中的一位男士向两位嘉宾提问,“为什么报纸和电视新闻节目都充斥灾难?为什么新闻界的男男女女对悲剧、暴力、和失败是如此关注?”主持人和编辑作出了回答,好像是自己应该为坏消息的存在而受到谴责一样。

他们说,新闻工作者只负责报道新闻,而不负责制造或修改新闻。

我不认为这两位新闻工作者回答了这个问题。

提出这个问题的先生并没有因为世上的歪曲报道而谴责他们。

他只是想知道为什么报道得最多的是歪曲的事件。

新闻媒体的运作理念似乎是凡是新闻皆坏事。

为什么呢?是不是着重报道负面新闻是一种传统——是新闻工作者所习以为常的对日常事件作出的反应方式?在此或许分析一下我们如何定义“新闻”一词会有所帮助,因为这是问题的起因。

新闻应该是报道过去十二小时,最迟二十四小时内所发生的事情。

然而,突发事件往往具有爆炸性的:一名狙击手枪杀了几名行人,一名恐怖分子劫持了飞机上250名人质,欧佩克石油组织宣布原油价格上涨25%,英国货币又贬值10%,一辆载有放射性废料的卡车与一架水泥搅拌车相撞。

然而,一味聚焦这些报道,则是失真的画面。

人类文明成果远远多于灾难总和。

每种文明中最重要的成分就是进步。

但进步不会立即发生,也没有爆发性。

一般来说,它是一点一滴逐步发展的,在某个特定时刻是微不足察的。

但是所有微小的进步都参与了历史性的巨变的实现,使社会更加美好。

就是这类活生生的历史,绝大多数的新闻媒体没有予以充分的反映,结果导致我们对社会的正面发展了解不足,对灾难却知之甚多,这又使人产生失败和绝望的情绪,而这些情绪易于阻碍社会进步。

2020年英语高级翻译资格考试笔译试题及答案

2020年英语高级翻译资格考试笔译试题及答案

2020年英语高级翻译资格考试笔译试题及答案The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of laborand capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure,and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure’s major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP.A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulativeeffect of this injection through spending and re-spending. In the optimum case the initial expansion of income flow couldbe great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original "deficit spending" or the "tax cut", so thatdeficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped. In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budget-balancing butspending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment. Spending increases productivity. Thisproductivity resulting from federal spending has overwhelmed the older economic myths of the balanced budget where government is conceived of as just another business firm.参考译文:政府支出对于整个经济的影响作用,受到以下两个因素的制约。

高级笔译 练习一及答案

高级笔译 练习一及答案

I. 英汉句子翻译1) A huge new business requires deep pockets, patience and a raison d’être. 开创一番新事业需要雄厚的资金与无比的耐心,还要清楚此事业值得开创的理由。

2) Failure to greet a person you recognize or to answer a greeting to you is unkindness to the other person, and very bad manners. 不与别人打招呼或是不回应别人的问候,是对别人的不尊重,也是失礼的。

3) Military strategy may bear some similarity to the chessboard but it is dangerous to carry the analogy too far. 打仗的策略同下棋可能有某些相似之处,但是如果把这两者的类比过分夸大,则是危险的。

4) Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 清洁运动并未使公共厕所的卫生状况有任何改观。

5) Other parts of the country were blessed with timely rains, too. 国内其他的地方也下了及时雨。

6) Not getting that job was actually a blessing in disguise, because I have got a much better one. 没有得到那份工作其实是塞翁失马,因为现在我已得到一个好得多的工作。

7) A Fortune 100 company with global presence and impact, Motorola had sales of US $42.8 billion in 2006. 摩托罗拉是世界财富百强企业之一,拥有全球性的业务和影响力,2006年的销售额为428亿美元。

英语高级笔译

英语高级笔译

《英语高级笔译》Part One Translation Theory (10 points)Directions: Write a short paper on the main differences between English and Chinese.(Please expound in English with no less than 100 words. You may give examples in your writing.)Part Two Translation Skills (60 points)Section One (20 points)Directions: Translate the following sentence groups by using the skills you have learnt.1.Scientist at the laboratory, on examining the clothing, found tiny shreds of a certain unusual metalwhich then had only one use. It was used in the manufacture of jet-engine rotors. That put the police in mind of one particular man. He worked as rotor grinder in a factor y near the woman’s home.译文:_____________________________________________________________________________2.They tell us, Sir, that we are weak; unable to cope with so formidable an adversary. But when shall webe stronger? Will it be the next week, or the next year? Will it be when we are totally disarmed, and when a British guard shall be stationed in every house? Shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction? Shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance by lying supinely on our backs and hugging the delusive phantom of hope, until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot? Sir, we are not weak if we make a proper use of those means which the God of nature hath placed in our power.译文:_____________________________________________________________________________3.Panic attack victims show the following symptoms: they often become easily frightened or feel uneasyin situations where people normally would not be afraid; they suffer shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness; experience chest pains, a quick heartbeat, tingling in the hands; a choking feeling, faintness, sudden fits of trembling, a feeling that persons and things around them are not real; and most of all, a fear of dying or going crazy.译文:_____________________________________________________________________________4.有些老年人因怕死而惶惶不安。

《高级商务笔译》课后练习参考译文

《高级商务笔译》课后练习参考译文

商务笔译课后练习参考译文第1 章提升翻译能力的对策IV.句子翻译1.在21 世纪,商业环境极具竞争性,不断改进已经不再是一种选择,而是一种必要。

任何规模的机构都可以带来变化的一个领域就是人力资源的利用。

人是公司最大的财富。

2.改变过时的结构、打破陈旧的观念有利于企业吸引、激励、留任那些有远见、技能和决心去与时俱进的员工。

3.外部激励(如巨额奖金)可能会适得其反,因为这种奖金会滋生个人贪欲而非企业道德,助长竞争而非协同工作。

相比之下,内部激励则更持久,能引导员工去关注工作而非报酬。

4.领导艺术的精髓就是促使下属不断尽力而为,帮助他们最大限度地发掘潜力,激励他们为共同利益而努力。

5.如果领导者对机构内各级人员的工作、能力、希望与要求都给予尊重,他也会得到别人的尊重。

6.帮助员工学习新技能、在机构内部轮换岗位都可以作为内部激励的方式,也可以留住那些本想去别处寻找新挑战的员工。

7.亚伯拉罕•马斯洛提出的人类动机理论已广为人知。

在这一理论中,马斯洛将人类的需要分为五个按固定顺序逐级而上的层次。

人们只有在基础需求得到充分满足之后,才会努力满足更高的需求。

著名的马斯洛需求层次理论由以下五个方面构成:(1)生理需求,(2)安全需求,(3)爱与隶属需求,(4)尊严需求,(5)自我实现需求。

8.现代生活的负担加上工作的高要求会导致人们情绪失衡,即通称的压力。

但并非所有的压力都有害无益。

活着就意味着应对实现追求的压力和迎接挑战的兴奋。

其实,已有证据表明人需要适量的刺激,而单调乏味的工作和超负荷工作会带来同样的问题。

我们通常所说的压力指的是过大的压力。

9.出色的管理在于最大程度地提升绩效以实现特定的机构目标。

虽然许多管理者都非常明确他们的目标,也了解员工的不足之处,然而当涉及到如何改善员工行为以取得预期绩效这类问题时,这些管理者却往往手足无措。

10.从根本上讲, 工作满意感是一种源于对自己工作体验评价的积极情感。

如果人们对工作的期望无法实现,就会对工作产生不满。

《高级英汉翻译》课程终结考试试卷(样题及答案和评分标准)

《高级英汉翻译》课程终结考试试卷(样题及答案和评分标准)

Get ready for the final exams of English/ChineseTranslation (1&2)Part I E-C Translation Test1. Composition of the Test Papers & useful skills in coping with the tests“高级英汉翻译”课程●评价目标:重点测试学生英汉笔译的技巧,包括增译法、减译法、词类转移法、词序调整法、分译法、重译法、正说反译,反说正译法和习语翻译等。

同时也考查相关的翻译理论知识、英语理解和汉语表达能力。

●命题原则:根据教材所涵盖的文章主题、体裁、翻译技巧以及与教材难度相当的书面语言材料命题。

英译汉的课外材料必须是从英语原著上选来的未经简化的文字。

涉及教材内容不少于50%。

●试题结构:“高级英汉翻译”课程终结考试试卷(样题)课程编号:ENBAE3 1001______ 学籍号:________________ 学习中心:________________ 姓名:________________Information for the Examinees:This examination consists of FOUR sections. They are:Section I: Understanding of Theories (10 points, 15 minutes)Section II: Phrase Translation (25 points, 20 minutes)Section III: Sentence Translation (30 points, 25 minutes)Section IV: Passage Translation (35 points, 60 minutes)The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed forcompleting this examination is 2 hours (120 minutes)YOU MUST WRITE ALL YOUR ANSWERS ON THE ANSWER SHEET. Section I Understanding of Theories[10 points]Questions 1-10. (10 points)The following statements are about some translation theories you are familiar with. Decide whether these statements are true or false by writing T for "true" and F for "false" on your Answer Sheet.______1. Since Chinese and English belong to two different language families, one has to make some adjustments in lexicon and sentence structure to make the translated version smooth and natural.______2. Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style.______3. Every language adopts the same system of classifying its experience.______4. It widely agreed that there are three stages in the procedure of translation: analysis, transfer, and restructuring.______5. A word may have several meanings, but its linguistic context will help to point out the exact meaning of that word.______6. Semotactic marking, one aspect of linguistic context, refers to the situation when the meaning of a word in a sentence is specified by the grammatical construction of that sentence.______7. In translating from English to Chinese, one must repeat key words including nouns, verbs, and pronouns.______8. In the process of transfer, the conceptual content of the message has the highest priority. Therefore, there is no need to keep the original form of the source-language text.______9. The situational factors relate to the occasion and circumstances of the speech event and to the relationships between speakers.______10. Nida believes that in testing the translation, one must focus attention not upon the extent of verbal correspondence but upon the amount of dynamic equivalence.Section II Phrase Translation[25 points]Part 1. Questions 11-20. (10 points)Choose a better version of Chinese translation for each of the following phrases. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.11. the journey across AfricaA. 遍及非洲的旅行B. 穿越非洲的旅行12. be behind scheduleA. 落后于计划B. 在计划后面13. play the fluteA. 玩笛子B. 吹笛子14. black teaA. 红茶B. 黑茶15. like a cat on hot bricksA. 烫砖上的猫B. 热锅上的蚂蚁16. a concept inconceivable beforeA. 一个以前无法想象的概念B. 一个概念,在以前无法想象17. Dutch treatA. 打平伙B. 荷兰式的招待18. political campaignA. 政治运动B. 竞选活动19. mountain lionA. 山狮B. 美洲豹20. an instrument designed to extend the range of people's sensesA. 一个用来拓展人们感觉范围的工具B. 一个工具,用来拓展人们的感觉范围Part 2. Questions 21-30. (15 points)Translate the following phrases and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.21. a hard question ____________________22. hard water ____________________23. the last ten-day period of a month ____________________24. a good Christian ____________________25. a well-managed company ____________________26. particles moving around their atomic nucleus ____________________27. generations of painstaking observation ____________________28. an unlikely coalition of university professors ____________________29. a computer genius ____________________30. as much with courtesy as with force ____________________Section III Sentence Translation [30 points]Questions 31-40: Translate the following sentences using the translation skills and techniques you have learned from this course. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.31. Nobody could count on his restraint or rationality.____________________________________________________________32. Modern skyscrapers began to appear in the city, taking away much of its ancient charm and mystery, which was considered as a great pity by many people.____________________________________________________________33. The news had already spread along the streets and lanes.____________________________________________________________34. The examination left no doubt that the victim had not died of a heart attack but had been killed.____________________________________________________________35. There was no use arguing. The die was cast.____________________________________________________________36. Twentieth century history shows the impressive adaptive capacity of international relations based on multinational principles and norms.____________________________________________________________37. We are very grateful to you for your effort to come all the way from China to present his document to us.____________________________________________________________38. The problem of refugees should be dealt with in an integrated manner.____________________________________________________________39. It is exciting to visit your great country.____________________________________________________________40. No one was more willing to do a favor for friend or neighbour than he.____________________________________________________________Section IV Passage Translation[35 points]Part 1. Question 41. (15 points)The following passage is about problems with Darwinian Theory. Please translate it into Chinese on your Answer Sheet. You may refer to the new words and expressions provided in the box below.If Darwinian Theory works so well, why challenge it? There are several reasons to do so. Although Darwinian Theory explains many of the facts of evolution better than any other theory, it does not necessarily explain the whole process. Also, some of the results of evolution do not match what Darwinian Theory would predict.For example, if evolution leads to a perfect adaptation through natural selection acting on random hereditary changes, the process ought to slow down as it gets closer to the optimum for each species because fewer favorable changes can be made. Indeed, someorganisms-cockroaches and sponges, for example, are so well adapted that they have changed very little in many millions of years.Their evolutionary rate does seem to have slowed down. We should also see decrease in the number of species as they compete with one another and unsuccessful species are eliminated. But we see no such slowing down, and the number of species appears to be at least as great now as in the geologic past and perhaps even greater.Part 2. Question 42. (20 points)The following passage is an excerpt from a book talking about the special joys of slow reading. Please translate it into Chinese on your Answer Sheet.I discovered the worth of super-slow reading years ago. Previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decided, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar. I had started with the practical object of making my book last. But by the end of the second week I began to realize how much I was getting fromsuper-slow-reading itself. Sometimes just a particular phrase caught my attention, sometimes a sentence. I would read it slowly, analyze it, read it again-perhaps changing down into an even lower gear-and then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on. I was like a pianist studying a piece of music, phrase by phrase, rehearsing it, trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer was trying to convey.参考答案与评分标准(样题)Section I Understanding of Theories[10 points] Questions 1-10. (10 points, 1 point each)1.T2.T3. F4.T5.T6. F7. F8. F9.T 10.T Section II Phrase Translation[25 points] Part 1. Questions 11-20. (10 points, 1 point each)11. B 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B16. A 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. APart 2. Questions 21-30. (15 points, 1.5 points each.)Marking guide:评分标准(共15分,每个1.5分):1.译文应准确、完整。

高级翻译资格考试笔译模拟真题及答案

高级翻译资格考试笔译模拟真题及答案

高级翻译资格考试笔译模拟真题及答案第一题:1. And everywhere in his neighborhood in Serekunda, Gambia’s largest city, there was talk of easy money to be made in Europe.然而,在冈比亚最大的城市塞莱昆达他所居住的地方,人们到处都在谈论着“欧洲赚钱容易”这个话题。

点评:该句的重点在于词性的转换译法:关键词---talk如果将该词译成汉语的名词,一是听起来很蹩脚,不符合汉英行文的习惯,二是不符合英译汉技法的要求。

这一点在我们讲授英译汉部分时曾经重点谈到一个例句:The woman’s extramarital affairs with her boss soon became talk of the town.这个女人与其老板的关系很快传遍全城。

或,大街小巷都在谈论着这个女人与其老板的风流韵事。

2. Most of them have stories that echo Mr. Jallow’s.他们中的大多数都有着与杰罗先生相似的经历。

点评:该句中定语从句的动词“echo”是关键词。

原意为“回声”“回响”,但在本句中要在上下文的语义基础上引申为“与。

相似”的含义。

我们在授课过程中曾讲过,英语国家的写作思路是:首尾呼应法,即:The first paragraph echoes the last paragraph.3. “There is everything in there,” said Diego Ca?amero, the leader of the farm workers’ union in Anda lusia, which tries to advocate for the men.“那里要什么有什么,”安达卢西亚农场工人工会的领袖迭戈·卡纳梅洛说,该组织努力在为这些人争取生活的权利,点评:该句中的“advocate”原意为“拥护”“倡议”,但在此句中应该根据前文正确理解为“为。

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