翻译基础8英语长句的处理(翻译081)
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在质子和电子这两个微粒之间有一个很大的吸引力，而这 个吸引力总是存在于正负电荷之间。
还可以译成并列分句，省略英语先行词，如： Newton invented a paper lantern illuminated by a
candle which he carried with him to light his way to school on dark winter mornings. 牛顿发明了一只点蜡烛的纸灯笼，在昏暗朦胧的冬天早晨 上学时带着照路。
“We are a nation that must beg to stay alive,” said a foreign economist.
一位外国经济学家说道，“我们这个国家不讨饭就活不下 去。”
We used a plane of which almost every part carried some identification of national identity.
采用体积较小的晶体管可以使先前那种大而笨的收音机变 得又轻又小。
The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor.
整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒四射地露面了. The emphasis was helped by the speaker’s mouth,
在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。 Pollution is a pressing problem which we must deal with. 污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。 July and August are the months when the weather is
hot. 七八月是天气很热的月份。 In the room where the electronic computer is kept,
English Long Sentences 英语长句的翻译
Week 10
Teaching Outline
Student’s Presentation 公示语的翻译 Methods of Translating Long English
Sentences Attributive Clauses Homework exercises
there must be no dust at all. 在存放电子计算机的房间里，不能有一点儿灰尘。
2.Division
如果从句结构复杂，译成汉语前置定语显得太长而不符合 汉语表达习惯时，往往译成后置的并列分句。可以译成并 列分句，重复英语先行词，如：
Between these two tiny particles, the proton and the electron, there is a powerful attraction that is always present between negative and positive electric charges.
老鼠的猫。
II. Translation of Restrictive Attributive Clauses
1. Combination: 把从句译为带“的”的定语短语，放在被修 饰词前，将复合句译成汉语单句。又称“前置法”。
The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.
the students of which are trained to be engineers or scientists. 这是一所科技大学，该校学生将被培养成工程师 或科学工作者。
2.前置法：一些较短的具有描写性的从句也可译成 带“的”的前置短语，放在被修饰词前面
Transistors, which are small in size, can make previously large and bulky radios light and small.
友情提示：注意安全 请勿攀爬
Attention please: Be Aware of Security
No Climbing
Danger! No climbing!
警方提醒：贵重物品请随身携带，妥 善保管，请勿存放车内
Police Reminding: Please take your valuable with you and put them in safe keeping.
楼下有人要见你。 Fortunately, there are some chemical fuels that are clean and
smokeless. 幸好有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。 There are some metals which posses the power to conduct
2.Division
He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weight up to two pounds each.
他种出了200个大得惊人的西红柿，每个重达两磅。 A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature
Public Sign
老弱病残孕专座 Courtesy Seats 顾客止步 Employees Only 闲人免进 Staff Only 未经许可车辆不得入内 Authorized Cars Only
小草有生命，脚下请留情
1) Little grass has life, please watch your step.
every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的， 在过去，许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
3. Mixture
and produce heat. 燃料是一种物质，在适当温度下能够燃烧并放出热量。 They worked out a new method by which production has now
been rapidly increased. 他们制定出一种新方法，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。 They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of
Please take the valuable with you and put them in safe keeping.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
乾隆皇帝弘历 Hongli the Emperor of Qianlong Hongli, Emperor Qianlong 隐居撰写 wrote…in a seclude way live in seclusion and write seclude oneself from society
One time there was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective.
定语从句的翻译Attributive Clauses
I. A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Attributive...
II. Translation of Restrictive Attributive Clauses
III. Translating Non-Restrictive Attributive Clauses
我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有国籍的某些标志。 Good clocks have pendulums which are automatically
compensated for temperature changes. 好的钟摆可以自动补偿温度变化造成的误差。
III. Translating Non-Restrictive Attributive Clauses
2) Please give me a chance to grow. 3) Grass grows in silence. Please leave it
alone. Stay off the grass!
除了脚印什么都不要留下， 除了记忆什么都不要带走。
Leaving nothing but your footprint; take away nothing but your memories. Keep off the grass!
that was put in the house. * 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在房间里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake
that was put in the house that Jack built. * 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克修建的房间里的蛋糕的
electricity and the ability to be magnetized. 某些金属既能导电，又能被磁化。 There are many people who want to see the film. 许多人要看这部电影。
3. Mixture
还有一些定语从句，译成汉语时可将英语主句压缩成汉 语词组作主语，而把定语从句译成谓语，溶合成一个句子。
which was wide, thin and hard set. 讲话人那又阔又薄又紧绷绷的嘴巴，帮助他加强了语气。 But Miggle’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke
the silence. 密格尔的富有感染力的笑声打破了静默。
3. 译成独立句
溶合法是把原句中的主语和定语从句溶合在一起译成一个独立的 句子的一种翻译方法。（There be 结构句子往往这样处理）
There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month.
在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站了一个月。 There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.
IV. Attributive Clauses Functioning as Adverbials
I. A Comparative Study of English and Chinese
Attributive Structures
This is the cat. 这就是那只猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake. * 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake
1. 在译文中把原文从句后置，重复关系词所代表 的汉译，译成并列分句。
I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.
我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的兄弟. This is a college of science and technology,
花木多可爱，请您别伤害！
Kindly spare the lovely plants. Keep off the grass!
身在绿海中，防火记心中！
While living in the trees, remembering Preventing fire! No fire!/ No burning!
还可以译成并列分句，省略英语先行词，如： Newton invented a paper lantern illuminated by a
candle which he carried with him to light his way to school on dark winter mornings. 牛顿发明了一只点蜡烛的纸灯笼，在昏暗朦胧的冬天早晨 上学时带着照路。
“We are a nation that must beg to stay alive,” said a foreign economist.
一位外国经济学家说道，“我们这个国家不讨饭就活不下 去。”
We used a plane of which almost every part carried some identification of national identity.
采用体积较小的晶体管可以使先前那种大而笨的收音机变 得又轻又小。
The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor.
整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒四射地露面了. The emphasis was helped by the speaker’s mouth,
在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。 Pollution is a pressing problem which we must deal with. 污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。 July and August are the months when the weather is
hot. 七八月是天气很热的月份。 In the room where the electronic computer is kept,
English Long Sentences 英语长句的翻译
Week 10
Teaching Outline
Student’s Presentation 公示语的翻译 Methods of Translating Long English
Sentences Attributive Clauses Homework exercises
there must be no dust at all. 在存放电子计算机的房间里，不能有一点儿灰尘。
2.Division
如果从句结构复杂，译成汉语前置定语显得太长而不符合 汉语表达习惯时，往往译成后置的并列分句。可以译成并 列分句，重复英语先行词，如：
Between these two tiny particles, the proton and the electron, there is a powerful attraction that is always present between negative and positive electric charges.
老鼠的猫。
II. Translation of Restrictive Attributive Clauses
1. Combination: 把从句译为带“的”的定语短语，放在被修 饰词前，将复合句译成汉语单句。又称“前置法”。
The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.
the students of which are trained to be engineers or scientists. 这是一所科技大学，该校学生将被培养成工程师 或科学工作者。
2.前置法：一些较短的具有描写性的从句也可译成 带“的”的前置短语，放在被修饰词前面
Transistors, which are small in size, can make previously large and bulky radios light and small.
友情提示：注意安全 请勿攀爬
Attention please: Be Aware of Security
No Climbing
Danger! No climbing!
警方提醒：贵重物品请随身携带，妥 善保管，请勿存放车内
Police Reminding: Please take your valuable with you and put them in safe keeping.
楼下有人要见你。 Fortunately, there are some chemical fuels that are clean and
smokeless. 幸好有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。 There are some metals which posses the power to conduct
2.Division
He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weight up to two pounds each.
他种出了200个大得惊人的西红柿，每个重达两磅。 A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature
Public Sign
老弱病残孕专座 Courtesy Seats 顾客止步 Employees Only 闲人免进 Staff Only 未经许可车辆不得入内 Authorized Cars Only
小草有生命，脚下请留情
1) Little grass has life, please watch your step.
every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的， 在过去，许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
3. Mixture
and produce heat. 燃料是一种物质，在适当温度下能够燃烧并放出热量。 They worked out a new method by which production has now
been rapidly increased. 他们制定出一种新方法，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。 They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of
Please take the valuable with you and put them in safe keeping.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
乾隆皇帝弘历 Hongli the Emperor of Qianlong Hongli, Emperor Qianlong 隐居撰写 wrote…in a seclude way live in seclusion and write seclude oneself from society
One time there was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective.
定语从句的翻译Attributive Clauses
I. A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Attributive...
II. Translation of Restrictive Attributive Clauses
III. Translating Non-Restrictive Attributive Clauses
我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有国籍的某些标志。 Good clocks have pendulums which are automatically
compensated for temperature changes. 好的钟摆可以自动补偿温度变化造成的误差。
III. Translating Non-Restrictive Attributive Clauses
2) Please give me a chance to grow. 3) Grass grows in silence. Please leave it
alone. Stay off the grass!
除了脚印什么都不要留下， 除了记忆什么都不要带走。
Leaving nothing but your footprint; take away nothing but your memories. Keep off the grass!
that was put in the house. * 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在房间里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake
that was put in the house that Jack built. * 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克修建的房间里的蛋糕的
electricity and the ability to be magnetized. 某些金属既能导电，又能被磁化。 There are many people who want to see the film. 许多人要看这部电影。
3. Mixture
还有一些定语从句，译成汉语时可将英语主句压缩成汉 语词组作主语，而把定语从句译成谓语，溶合成一个句子。
which was wide, thin and hard set. 讲话人那又阔又薄又紧绷绷的嘴巴，帮助他加强了语气。 But Miggle’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke
the silence. 密格尔的富有感染力的笑声打破了静默。
3. 译成独立句
溶合法是把原句中的主语和定语从句溶合在一起译成一个独立的 句子的一种翻译方法。（There be 结构句子往往这样处理）
There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month.
在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站了一个月。 There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.
IV. Attributive Clauses Functioning as Adverbials
I. A Comparative Study of English and Chinese
Attributive Structures
This is the cat. 这就是那只猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake. * 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake
1. 在译文中把原文从句后置，重复关系词所代表 的汉译，译成并列分句。
I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.
我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的兄弟. This is a college of science and technology,
花木多可爱，请您别伤害！
Kindly spare the lovely plants. Keep off the grass!
身在绿海中，防火记心中！
While living in the trees, remembering Preventing fire! No fire!/ No burning!