语法点梳理(虚拟语气 从句连接词)
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。
例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
英语语法 虚拟语气的知识点归纳
英语语法虚拟语气的知识点归纳一、虚拟条件句(一)含有if条件句的主从句的虚拟语气总结:1. If 条件句中谓语动词的虚拟结构是在原来陈述语气所用时态的基础上倒退一个时态(对将来虚拟的were to do/should do例外)2. 主句要借助于情态动词的过去式,后跟动词原形(现在或将来)或have done(过去);if条件句中只出现一个情态动词,即对将来虚拟的should.3.做此类题目时一定要分清是从句还是主句谓语动词的虚拟,还要把握好时态。
注意:1. 在虚拟条件从句中,动词“be”的过去时态一律用”were”,不用was。
2. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词中任何一个,可省略if,把这三个词提到主语之前, 变成:were/should/had +主语+剩余成分。
3.在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。
如我们可说Were I not to do., 而不能说Weren‘t I to do。
4.在表示与将来事实相反的条件句中,只能用should,而不能用would,could和might 等。
5.主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would,could以及might 可以用于各种人称eg :①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
在虚拟条件句中,对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:(1)条件从句表示的内容与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测,用过去时表示虚拟;(2)条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)”或“were to+动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的假设)”;(3)条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语形式时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式外,也可用直陈语气或祈使语气。
英语语法 虚拟语气的知识点归纳
英语语法虚拟语气的知识点归纳英语语法:虚拟语气的知识点归纳虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它用于表达一种假设、愿望、建议、要求或可能性较小的情况。
在本文中,将对虚拟语气的几个主要知识点进行归纳总结。
1. 条件句中的虚拟语气在条件句中,虚拟语气通常用于表示与当前事实相反的情况。
虚拟语气的形式包括"would/could/should+动词原形",以及"动词过去式+动词原形"。
例如:- If I had more time, I would travel around the world.(如果我有更多时间,我就会周游世界。
)- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。
)2. 虚拟语气用于表达愿望和建议虚拟语气还常用于表达愿望和建议,表示一种假设的情况。
常见的表达方式有:- I wish/If only + 主语 + 过去式(be动词用were):表示对现在或将来的希望或遗憾。
例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望自己更高。
)- If only she could speak fluent English.(要是她能说一口流利的英语就好了。
)- It is time + 主语 + 过去式(should + 动词原形):用于表示现在或将来应该发生的动作。
例如:- It is time we started the meeting.(是时候开始会议了。
)- It is time you should apologize to her.(你应该向她道歉了。
)3. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用在宾语从句中,若主句的动词表达了建议、命令、要求等含义时,宾语从句中的谓语动词常使用虚拟语气。
具体的用法如下:- 建议:suggest/recommend + (that) + 主语 + (should)+ 动词原形。
虚拟语气英语知识点总结
虚拟语气英语知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测或建议等。
二、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。
1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构:从句(If + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)),主句(主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形)。
- 例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。
实际上我不是你)2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构:从句(If+主语+had+过去分词),主句(主语+would/should/could/might + have+过去分词)。
- 例如:If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.(如果他听了我的建议,他就会通过考试了。
实际上他没听建议,也没通过考试)3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构:从句(If+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形),主句(主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形)。
- 例如:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就会待在家里。
明天是否下雨还不确定,但这是一种假设情况)- 或者If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.(如果他明天来,我就会告诉他这个消息)- 以及If I were to see her tomorrow, I would give her the book.(如果我明天见到她,我就会把书给她)三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。
1. wish后的宾语从句。
- 表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词用were)。
英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
虚拟语气:表示说的话不是事实,不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况,表达一种愿望、建议、假设。
一、条件状语从句中的用法简单记法:if were/did, would doif had done, would have doneif were to do/should do, would do举例:If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake.If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低),they wouldn’t go shopping.附注:虚拟语气,条件状从倒装状语从句中,去掉if, 提前were/ had/ should如:If I were you, I would give up.→Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have….→Had you taken the advice, you would have…If the world should come to an end,……→Should the world come to an end……另外,without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中,也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today.(popularization 普及,publicity 宣传)Without your help, I would have failed.We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat. (表示可能性小)但其实,高中英语考试也常考:错综虚拟语气条件句即:假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致,此时,主句和从句要根据各自的时间而定。
英语语法 虚拟语气知识点
虚拟语气1. 表示现在/过去/将来情况的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主要有三种结构:1)表示与现在情况相反:主句谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”,从句谓语用“动词的一般过去时”(动词be的过去式一律用were)。
If I were you, I would not accept his offer.If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you.2) 表示与过去情况相反:主句谓语用“would / co uld / might + have +过去分词”,从句谓语用过去完成时。
If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam.3) 表示与将来情况相反:主句谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”,从句谓语用“were +动词不定式”或“should +动词原形”。
If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study.If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you.2. 虚拟条件句连接词if的省略如果虚拟条件句的从句中含有were, had, should, could等词时,可以省略连接词if,但这时必须把were, had, should, could等词移到主语前面,形成倒装。
这种句型主要用于书面形式。
Were I to do the job, I would finish doing it within two weeks.Had it not been for his help, we couldn’t have arrived there on time.Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.3. wish后宾语从句中的谓语构成动词wish后的宾语从句表示未实现的或不可能实现的愿望,其宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,有以下三种构成形式。
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气
2.这类主语从句常常用于表示要求、建议、 命令、请求、提议等,其谓语形式往往为 “ ( should)+ 动 词 原 形 ” 的 形 式 。 在 美 国,常省略should,而在英国,则往往不 省略should。
比如:
--It is necessary that the machine (should) be oiled everyday. 机器必须天天上油。
1.1.1.和现在事实相反的非真实条件句
这类非真实条件句表示和现在事实相反的情况。比如: --I would/should certainly go if I had the time.
如果我有时间,我一定会去的。 --If I were your father, I would criticize you more
--I never expected that the problem should be so complicated.
我从未想到问题会如此复杂。
--They just couldn’t believe that the new stadium should be so big.
他们简直不能相信新的体育馆会如此大。
--The teacher insisted that all the students (should) be on time.
老师要求学生们准时到校。
--He suggested that the regulations (should) be revised. 他建议修改规则。
The lawyer asked that the case (should ) be postponed for one month. 律师要求案子往后推迟一个月。
完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳
完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳.虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。
虚拟条件句虚拟条件句是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设。
所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反,或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种:与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,以及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
具体情况请看下表:例句:1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now。
I would lend it to you.If I were you。
I would tell him my true feelings.If I were a boy。
I would join the army.If she had time。
she would go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had XXX your advice。
XXX't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had XXX my advice。
he would have XXX.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were Sunday tomorrow.If he were given another chance to do it again。
he could XXX.If it were to rain tomorrow。
the football match would be postponed.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟语气用法总结(完整)
虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。
(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。
(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。
(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。
(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。
I would have been able to meet her。
(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。
he would not have made such a mistake。
(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。
I would talk to him。
(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。
orders。
requests。
etc。
the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。
with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。
什么是虚拟语气的连词
什么是虚拟语气的连词?虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气,在表达一些假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或非现实情况时使用。
虚拟语气通常由一些特定的连词引导,这些连词在语法和语义上起到连接主句和从句的作用。
以下是一些常见的虚拟语气连词:1. 连词ifif 是最常用的虚拟语气连词之一,用于引导条件从句。
在虚拟语气中,条件从句的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气形式。
例如:- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。
)- If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们会呆在家里。
)需要注意的是,在虚拟语气中,第二人称和第三人称的条件从句谓语动词使用were,而不是was。
2. 连词thatthat 用于引导宾语从句或表语从句,并在虚拟语气中起到连接主句和从句的作用。
虚拟语气中,宾语从句或表语从句的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气形式。
例如:- It is important that he arrive on time.(他准时到达是很重要的。
)- I suggest that she take a break.(我建议她休息一下。
)3. 连词wish / if onlywish 和if only 用于表达对现在或过去情况的遗憾或愿望,引导的从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气形式。
例如:- I wish I could speak fluent French.(我希望我能说一口流利的法语。
)- If only I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(要是当时我学习更努力,我就能通过考试了。
)需要注意的是,虚拟语气的用法相对较复杂,具体的语法规则和用法需要根据不同的情况和句子结构来判断。
因此,在学习和使用英语的过程中,掌握虚拟语气的连词用法和相关规则是非常重要的。
高中语法虚拟语气知识点总结
高中语法虚拟语气知识点总结1. 虚拟语气的定义和用途虚拟语气是一种用于表达说话者的愿望、建议、命令、假设、可能性等虚拟情况的语法形式。
它常用于主从复合句中,并带有某些特定的动词、形容词、名词等。
虚拟语气主要有以下用途: - 表达与事实相反的假设、愿望或建议。
- 在间接引语中表示引述内容与事实不符。
- 表达可能性、猜测、推测等与现实不符的情况。
2. 虚拟语气的形式和结构虚拟语气的形式主要包括: - 虚拟语气动词:包括情态动词、动词过去式、动词的特殊形式等。
- 虚拟语气连词:包括if、though、as if、unless等。
虚拟语气在句子中的结构一般为: - 主从复合句中主句为现实情况,从句为虚拟情况。
- 从句中的动词形式常为虚拟语气动词。
- 虚拟语气连词引导虚拟语气从句。
3. 虚拟语气的常见形式和用法3.1 虚拟语气的动词形式常见的虚拟语气动词形式有: - 情态动词should、would、could、might等。
- 动词过去式:常用于wish、if only等引导的句子中。
- 动词的特殊形式:如动词不定式的完成式(to have done)、动词过去分词的完成式(having done)等。
3.2 虚拟语气的使用情况常见的虚拟语气使用情况有: - 虚拟条件句:用于表达与事实相反或不可能实现的条件情况。
常以“if”引导,主句常用情态动词表示愿望、建议、命令等。
- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。
) - 虚拟假设句:用于描述与事实相反的假设情况,常用过去式表示。
- I wish I had a car.(我希望我有辆车。
) - 虚拟推测句:用于表示对某种情况的推测、猜测,常用情态动词或动词过去式表示。
- He might be late for the meeting.(他可能会迟到会议。
)- 虚拟命令句:用于表示建议、要求或命令,常用should、would等情态动词表示。
专题08 虚拟语气-【中职专用】中职高考英语二轮复习语法复习专项突破(全国适用)
代表建议、提议、命令、要求等名词的同位语从句advice,
同位从 decision,demand,desire,idea,motion,order,
plan,proposal,request,suggestion
虚拟 (假)
VS
真实 (真)
由真变假的方式: 谓语动词的时态前移
I am a superman. I was a superman. I will be a superman.
plane.(2018年真题19)
A.caught
B.had caught
C.would catch
D.would have caught
本题考查虚拟语气。由句意“如果去机场的巴士没晚点,我们就赶上航
班了”可知本句是对过去事实的假设,主句用had done,则从句应用
would/could/should/might + have done。D项would have caught符合题
本题考查虚拟语气,故选C项。
高考真题
模拟真题
8
2023届高职高考英语必考专题总复习之虚拟语气
目录
模拟真题
( B )3.I would have told him the answer, had it been possible, but I ___ so busy then. A.had been B.was C.were D.would be 本题考查虚拟语气,故选B项。
高考真题
模拟真题
1
宾从
含义
(should) + 动词原形
现在完成时经常表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对现在有某种影响;或从过去到一直延续到
虚拟语气知识点总结
虚拟语气知识点总结
虚拟语气知识点总结
虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气的规则用法:
1主、从句都表示与过去事实相反:
从句的.谓语动词用:had + 动词过去分词;
主句的谓语动词用:情态动词 + have + 动词过去分词。
注意:能用于虚拟语气的情态动词只有四个:should, could, would, might.
使用哪一个情态动词要由句子含义决定,考试中出现最多的是could, would.
2 主、从句都表示与现在事实相反:
从句的谓语动词用:动词过去式(如果是be则只能用were)
主句的谓语动词用:情态动词 + 动词原形。
3 主、从句都表示与将来事实相反:
从句的谓语动词用:were to + 动词原形(重点)、should + 动词原形、动词过去式;
主句的谓语动词用:情态动词 + 动词原形。
二、虚拟语气的特殊应用:
1 would rather + 句子,这时句子谓语动词用一般过去时来体现虚拟语气。
2 if only 如果,要是...就好了,if only + 句子,这时句子一定要用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气口诀与总结
虚拟语气总结1一种定语从句:It’s time that+did2两种目的状语从句:so that/in order that+ can/may/could/might +doin case\lest\for fear以防that+should do3三种随时变化句:①wish 现在→did/wereif only +过去→had doneas if/though 将来→could/would do②would rather+现在/将来→did/were过去→had done③现在:if+did/were, would+ do过去:if+had done, would+ have done将来:didif+ were to do, would+ doshould do注意:除了由if引导的虚拟条件句外,还有倒装条件句,即把were、had或should提前;混合时间句,虚实错综句,以及含蓄条件句,即由or, otherwise, with, without, but for来引导的;4四种名词性从句:①当表语是important, natural, necessary, possible, strange, arranged, decided, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, surprising, a pity, no woder时,主语从句要用虚拟语气;例:It’s important that we should help each other.②动词一坚持insist,两命令command, order,三建议advise, propose, suggest,四要求ask, demand, request, require后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气;例:He insisted that he should be sent to the West.注:insist坚持说, suggest暗示,表明时,从句应用陈述语气;如:Her pale face suggested that she was ill.1. Mother insisted that John should go to bed before 9 o’olock.对比:He insisted that I had taken away his dictionary.不是建议、要求、命令或主张2. His suggestion that Tony should be invited to the party was refused.同位语从句对比:His words suggested that he was very angry with me.不是建议、要求、命令③idea, plan以及表示“坚持,命令,建议,要求”等动词的同源名词作主语时,表语从句用虚拟语气;例:My suggestion is that we should hold a class meeting.④idea, plan以及表示“坚持,命令,建议,要求”等动词的同源名词后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气;例:The office gave an order that his soldiers fight back bravely.If +were/ did 动词过去式,主语+情态动词would, could, might, should+do用来表示对现在情况的假设1. I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to contract others.If +had done 过去完成式,主语+情态动词would, could, might, should+havedone用来表示对过去情况的假设1. If I had gone to the concert, I would have seen the famous singer.If +were/ did 动词过去式, 主语+情态动词would, could, might, should+ dowere to doshould do 用来表示对将来情况的假设1. If I were not to take/ should take/ took the exam tomorrow, I would go shopping with you.虚拟语气条件句的倒装:在虚拟语气条件句中,如果出现助动词were, should, had,可省略if, 把这些词提到主语前面,变成倒装句;1. Should he act like that again, he would be fined. If he should act like that again, he would be fined;Were he to act like that again, he would be fined. If he were to act like that again, he would be fined.If he acted like that again, he would be fined.不可以倒装2. Had the doctor come in time last night, the boy would have been saved.If the doctor had come in time last night, the boy would have been saved.3. If I had time now, I would go to the film with you. 不可以倒装,因为句中的had不是助动词But for….--> If it were not for…../ If it hadn’t been for1. But for the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved.If it hadn’t been for the determined captain, all the passengers on board……2. But for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.If it were not for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.。
英语虚拟语气知识点总结
英语虚拟语气知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念:虚拟语气,是指表示说话者所说的情况并非现实或已经发生,或在说话时还不确定是否实现的一种语态。
其特点是句子中的动词形式属于虚拟语气。
二、虚拟语气的表达:1. 条件虚拟语气:表示与现在或未来事实相反的虚拟情况。
(1)主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。
If I had known the truth, I would not have believed him.(如果我知道了真相,我就不会相信他了。
)(2)主句用过去式,从句用“had+过去分词”。
If he had worked harder, he would have passed the exam.(如果他更加努力学习的话,他就能够通过这个考试。
)2. 虚拟假设语气:表示想像中与现在或将来相反的事情。
(1)主句用过去时,从句用过去式。
If I knew his address, I would go there and see him now.(如果我知道他的地址的话,我现在就会去找他了。
)(2)主句用were,表示与过去的虚拟情况相反。
If I were you, I would study hard.(如果我是你的话,我会好好学习。
)3. 祝愿虚拟语气:表示转化为现实的愿望。
(1)主句用过去式,从句用过去完成式。
I wish I had known him earlier.(我希望我更早认识他。
)(2)主句用过去式,从句用would / could +动词原形。
I wish he could help me with my English.(我希望他能够帮助我学习英语。
)4. 建议虚拟语气:表示对假设的结果的建议。
If I were you, I would work harder.(如果我是你的话,我会更加努力工作。
)5. 明确表示否定的虚拟语气:If they didn’t arrive on time, they would miss the plane.(如果他们没按时到达,他们将会错过飞机。
虚拟语气语法总结
虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要且较复杂的部分,它用于表达假设、愿望、非真实的情况或与事实相反的情况。
理解和掌握虚拟语气对于准确、地道地使用英语至关重要。
一、虚拟语气在条件句中的应用1、与现在事实相反条件从句:If +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语+ would/could/might +动词原形例如:If I were you, I would go to the party(如果我是你,我会去参加聚会。
)2、与过去事实相反条件从句:If +主语+ had +过去分词主句:主语+ would/could/might + have +过去分词例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam(如果我学习更努力,我就会通过考试了。
)3、与将来事实相反条件从句:① If +主语+动词过去式② If +主语+ were to +动词原形③ If +主语+ should +动词原形主句:主语+ would/could/might +动词原形例如:If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home (如果明天下雨,我就待在家里。
)二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1、 wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反:从句用一般过去时例如:I wish I were as tall as you (我希望我和你一样高。
)与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时例如:I wish I had met you before (我希望我以前见过你。
)与将来事实相反:从句用 would/could +动词原形例如:I wish you would come tomorrow (我希望你明天能来。
)2、 would rather 后的宾语从句与现在或将来事实相反:从句用一般过去时例如:I would rather you came tomorrow (我宁愿你明天来。
英语虚拟语气语法总结
英语虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用来表达非真实情况、假设情况、愿望、建议等。
虚拟语气需要根据上下文来区分,采用特定的动词形式。
以下是对英语虚拟语气的语法总结:一、假设与虚拟条件:1. 表示假设情况时,使用"if"引导从句,主句使用虚拟语气。
- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。
)- If you had told me earlier, I could have helped you.(如果你早告诉我,我本可以帮你。
)2. 当表示与现实相反的情况时,主句使用过去时的虚拟语气,从句使用过去完成时的虚拟语气。
- He wishes he were taller.(他希望自己长得更高。
)- I wish I hadn't eaten so much.(我希望我没吃那么多。
)3. 在嵌入式虚拟语气中,主句使用过去时的虚拟语气,从句使用过去完成时的虚拟语气。
- She suggested that he have a rest.(她建议他休息一下。
)- It is important that he be on time.(他准时到达很重要。
)二、愿望与建议:1. 表示愿望时,使用"would like"或"hope",后接宾语从句。
- I would like you to come to my party.(我希望你来参加我的派对。
)- She hopes that the weather will be good tomorrow.(她希望明天天气会好。
)2. 表示建议时,使用"should"或"would rather"等,后接宾语从句。
- I suggest that you see a doctor.(我建议你去看医生。
虚拟语气的用法归纳 具体如何运用
虚拟语气的用法归纳具体如何运用虚拟语气的用法主要有主语从句里的虚拟语气,表语从句里的虚拟语气,宾语从句中的虚拟语气,其中还包括混合虚拟语气,含蓄虚拟语气等。
虚拟语气的用法一、表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/could/might+do二、表示与过去事实相反的情况:从句:If 主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have done三、表示对将来情况的主观推测:主句:主语+should+do从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/were四、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。
这种条件句叫错综条件句。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。
②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
五、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were,should,had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。
六、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句,在多数情况下,条件会暗含在短语中,如without…,but for…等。
七、有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句可以省略其中的一个,来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
虚拟语气的应用条件在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。
即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法,愿望,假想,猜测,怀疑或建议,而不是根据客观实际,就用虚拟语气。
主要是英语语法的一种表达。
英语虚拟语气及倒装精简总结
虚拟语气英语中的各种语气:1、陈述语气:I like apples 我喜欢苹果。
I don't like apples2、疑问语气:What's your name?Do you like apples?3、祈使语气:Open the door4、虚拟语气:If I were you, I would forgive her如果我是你,我将会原谅她。
1、与现在的事实相反:从句用过去式,主句用would/could/might/should/+V原形例如;If I had time, the classroom would be cleaner.如果我有时间,教室将会更加干净。
2、与过去的事实相反:主句用would/could/should/might/+ have done , 从句过去完成时。
例如;If I had finished my homework, I would have passed that test.如果当时我完成了我的作业,我就能够通过我的考试了。
3、与将来的事实相反:主句用:should/could/would/might/+V原形,从句用should do (可能性最大),过去式(可能性一般)were to do (可能性最小)If it should snow tomorrow,I would make a snowman 如果明天下雪,明天我将堆个雪人If it snowed tomorrow,I would make a snowman 如果明天下雪,明天我将堆个雪人If it were to snow tomorrow ,I would make a snowman 如果明天下雪,我将对个雪人虚拟语气的倒装形式If I had worked hard, I would have finished it 如果当时我努力工作,我就已经完成它了。
Had I worked hard, I would have finished itIf it should snow tomorrow, I would make a snowmanShould it snow tomorrow, I would make a snowmanIf it were to snow tomorrow, I would make a snowmanWere it to snow tomorrow ,I would make a snowman虚拟语气在各类从句中的用法1、I lifted the chair so that I could be seen 我举起椅子就是为了能被看见(状语从句)状语从句中常见连接词:as if 好像,as though 好像,in order that 为了,for fear that 生怕,In case 万一。
语法点梳理(虚拟语气 从句连接词)
不缺成分
that, whether(… or not) , if
注:先行词在定语从句中做宾语可以省略
句首和介词后之用whether不用if
虚拟语气
虚拟条件句
主句
与现在事实相反
If+主语+did\were
主语+should\would\could\might +do
与过去事实相反
If+主语+had done
主语+should\would\could\might
+have +done
与将来事实相反
1.If+主语+did
2.If+主语+were to do
地点状语从句
where, wherever
原因状语从句
because, as, since, now( that), for, seeing( that), considering( that), in that, because of, thanks to, due to, owing to
目的状语从句
定语从句、名词性从句连接词
从句缺少成分定ຫໍສະໝຸດ 从句名词性从句主语\表语
that (人、物), who, which, what
who(人),which(物), what
宾语
that, whom, which, what
whom(人), which, what
定语
whose
whose(人/物)
状语
when, where, why, how
if, unless(=if …not), so\as long as, in case, on condition that, suppose\supposing, provided that
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as, as if, as though
让步状语从句
although\though, even though\even if, whether …or…
3.If+主语+should do
主语+should\would\could\might
+do
状语从句连接词
时间状语从句
when, while, as, before, after, till\until, since, as soon as, immediately\instantly, the moment\minute\instant, not …until\till
定语从句、名词性从句连接词
从句缺少成分
定语从句
名词性从句
主语\表语
that (人、物), who, which, what
who(人),which(物), what
宾语
that, whom, which, what
whom(人), which, what
定语
whose
whose(人/物)
状语
when, where, why, how
so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest, for fear that\in case\lest
结果状语从句
so that, so…that…, such…that…, too…to…, enough to…, so… as to…
条件状语从句
虚拟语气
虚拟条件句
主句
与现在事实相反
If+主语+did\were
主语+should\would\could\might +do
与过去事实相反
If+主语+had done
主语+should\would\could\might
+have +done
与将来事实相反
1.If+主语+did
2.If+主语+were to do
when, where, why, how
不缺成分
that, whether(… or not) , if
注:先行词在定语从句中做宾语可以省略
句首和介词后之用whether不用if
地点状语从句
where, wherever
原因状语从句
because, as, since, now( that), for, seeing( that), considering( that), in that, because of, thanks to, due to, owing to
目的状语从句