定语从句的基本用法(课堂PPT)
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“that”不能用于非限定性定语从句
先行词 “the reason” 表示原因，用关系副词why. 该句中可省略先行词，或省略关系副词。
关系代词： 1.先行词是人 —— 2.先行词是物 ——
关系副词： 1.先行词是时间 —— 2.先行词是地点 ———— 3.先行词是原因 ————————
7
（四）限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定 语从句；非限定性定语从句常用逗号与主句隔 开；关系词的用法基本相同。
2. The woman (whom/that) you saw in my room is my mother. The woman is my mother. You saw the woman in my room.3
3. The letter is from my family.
I received the letter yesterday. The letter (which/that）I received yesterday is from my family.
1. 先行词 — town （即从句 修饰的名词）；
2. 关系副词 — where （修饰 地点，从句中状语）。 2
（二）由关系代词引导的定语从句
引导词：who whom whose that which 1.The boy who /that is standing
over there is my brother. The boy is my brother. The boy is standing over there.
2. This is the place _____ we worked last year.
先行词 “the place”在从句中做状语，表示地点：
We worked in the place last year. ( 所以用关系 副词where。)
比较：This is the place (_________) we visited
8
（五）使用关系词应注意的问题
下列情况必须用“that” ,不能用“which”:
1. 先行词是all, little, few。
➢ Is this all that is left? (就剩下这一个了吗？)
2. 先行词anything, everything, nothing 。
➢ Have you got anything that belongs to me?
先行词 “the day” 在从句中做状语, 表示时间: I first came to Beijing on the day. (所以用关 系副词when。)
比较：I still remember the day ( _________ ) we spend together.
先行词 “ the day” 在从句中做spend宾语： We spend the day together. （所以在该句中 用关系代词which/that，并且可省略。） 5
(你那有我什么东西吗？)
3. 先行词由none, much, only 修饰。
➢ The only thing that is important is to find our way home.
(唯一重要的事是要找到回家的路。)
9
4. 先行词由序数词或最高级修饰。 ➢This is the best film (that) I’ve ever seen. (这是我看过的最好的电影。) 5. “time”做先行词表示“……次”。 ➢This is the first time that I have been to Beijing. (这是我第一次去北京。)
例句1：
The man who/that was here yesterday is a middle school teacher.
1. 先行词 — man（即从句修 饰的名词或代词）;
2. 关系代词 — who /that （修饰人）。
例Biblioteka Baidu2：
This is the town where I was born.
1
（一）定语从句的基本用法
在复合句中，修饰名词或 代词的从句叫做定语从句
被修饰的词叫先行词； 定语从句由关系代词或关
系副词引导。
关系代词： 1.先行词是人 — who, whom,
whose, that. 2.先行词是物 — which,
whose, that.
关系副词（从句中做状语）： 1.先行词是时间 — when. 2.先行词是地点 — where. 3.先行词是原因 — why.
last year.
先行词 “the place”在从句中做visited的宾语：
We visited the place last year.( 所以用关系代词 which/that,并且可省略。)
先行词在从句中做状语，用关系副词；
先行词在从句中做宾语或主语，用关系代词。 6
3. That is the reason (____) he dislikes me. That is (the reason) why he dislikes me.
限定性定语从句与先行词关系密切，对它有限 制作用，如果去掉，句意表达不清；
非限定性定语从句只对主句起补充或说明的作 用；从句部分去掉后，句意完整，表达清楚。
1. He is my brother, who is a doctor. 我有一个兄弟，他是医生。（只有一个兄弟）
2. He is my brother who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的兄弟。（至少有两个以上）
4.This is Tom.
Tom’s mother is our English teacher.
This is Tom whose mother is our
English teacher.
4
（三）由关系副词引导的定语从句 引导词 : when where why
1. I still remember the day ____ I first came to Beijing.
先行词 “the reason” 表示原因，用关系副词why. 该句中可省略先行词，或省略关系副词。
关系代词： 1.先行词是人 —— 2.先行词是物 ——
关系副词： 1.先行词是时间 —— 2.先行词是地点 ———— 3.先行词是原因 ————————
7
（四）限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定 语从句；非限定性定语从句常用逗号与主句隔 开；关系词的用法基本相同。
2. The woman (whom/that) you saw in my room is my mother. The woman is my mother. You saw the woman in my room.3
3. The letter is from my family.
I received the letter yesterday. The letter (which/that）I received yesterday is from my family.
1. 先行词 — town （即从句 修饰的名词）；
2. 关系副词 — where （修饰 地点，从句中状语）。 2
（二）由关系代词引导的定语从句
引导词：who whom whose that which 1.The boy who /that is standing
over there is my brother. The boy is my brother. The boy is standing over there.
2. This is the place _____ we worked last year.
先行词 “the place”在从句中做状语，表示地点：
We worked in the place last year. ( 所以用关系 副词where。)
比较：This is the place (_________) we visited
8
（五）使用关系词应注意的问题
下列情况必须用“that” ,不能用“which”:
1. 先行词是all, little, few。
➢ Is this all that is left? (就剩下这一个了吗？)
2. 先行词anything, everything, nothing 。
➢ Have you got anything that belongs to me?
先行词 “the day” 在从句中做状语, 表示时间: I first came to Beijing on the day. (所以用关 系副词when。)
比较：I still remember the day ( _________ ) we spend together.
先行词 “ the day” 在从句中做spend宾语： We spend the day together. （所以在该句中 用关系代词which/that，并且可省略。） 5
(你那有我什么东西吗？)
3. 先行词由none, much, only 修饰。
➢ The only thing that is important is to find our way home.
(唯一重要的事是要找到回家的路。)
9
4. 先行词由序数词或最高级修饰。 ➢This is the best film (that) I’ve ever seen. (这是我看过的最好的电影。) 5. “time”做先行词表示“……次”。 ➢This is the first time that I have been to Beijing. (这是我第一次去北京。)
例句1：
The man who/that was here yesterday is a middle school teacher.
1. 先行词 — man（即从句修 饰的名词或代词）;
2. 关系代词 — who /that （修饰人）。
例Biblioteka Baidu2：
This is the town where I was born.
1
（一）定语从句的基本用法
在复合句中，修饰名词或 代词的从句叫做定语从句
被修饰的词叫先行词； 定语从句由关系代词或关
系副词引导。
关系代词： 1.先行词是人 — who, whom,
whose, that. 2.先行词是物 — which,
whose, that.
关系副词（从句中做状语）： 1.先行词是时间 — when. 2.先行词是地点 — where. 3.先行词是原因 — why.
last year.
先行词 “the place”在从句中做visited的宾语：
We visited the place last year.( 所以用关系代词 which/that,并且可省略。)
先行词在从句中做状语，用关系副词；
先行词在从句中做宾语或主语，用关系代词。 6
3. That is the reason (____) he dislikes me. That is (the reason) why he dislikes me.
限定性定语从句与先行词关系密切，对它有限 制作用，如果去掉，句意表达不清；
非限定性定语从句只对主句起补充或说明的作 用；从句部分去掉后，句意完整，表达清楚。
1. He is my brother, who is a doctor. 我有一个兄弟，他是医生。（只有一个兄弟）
2. He is my brother who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的兄弟。（至少有两个以上）
4.This is Tom.
Tom’s mother is our English teacher.
This is Tom whose mother is our
English teacher.
4
（三）由关系副词引导的定语从句 引导词 : when where why
1. I still remember the day ____ I first came to Beijing.