专四语法与词汇练习

专业四级考试要求我们掌握的语法内容，具体如下：1. 名词：可数及不可数名词；抽象、专有、物质名词的数；'s 属格的各种意义；某些以-s 结尾的名词的数；集体名词的数。

2. 限定词：限定词与三类名词的搭配关系；限定词与限定词的搭配关系；冠词的类指、特指和独指；冠词的习惯用法；some, any 和no 的用法。

3. 代词：不定代词one, some, anyone 及不定代词one, they, we, you, he的用法；物主代词，非人称代词的用法；反身代词及其他动词宾语的用法。

4. 动词的时和体：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成体；一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成体；将来时，过去将来时等的各种表达法和用法；情态动词的各种用法；虚拟式，被动态的用法；不定式和不定式分句，-ing 分词和–ing分句、–ed分词和–ed分句的用法。

5. 定语从句，名词性从句（包括宾语、主语、表语、同位语从句等）；状语从句（包括时间、原因、目的、结果、方式、条件、让步等状语从句）。

6. 直接引语，间接引语，并列结构，从属结构（包括独立结构，无动词分句，非限定分句和限定分句的转换）；形容词和副词的比较级、最高级；介词与介词词组；附加疑问句；存在句；主谓一致；后置、前置与倒装；省略。

从2005年开始，语法与词汇部分恢复为30道试题，题目中约50%为词汇、词组和短语用法题，其余为语法结构题。

从近13年的真题来看，我们不难发现英语专业四级的语法与词汇考题主要是围绕11项语法要点：从属分句、非限定动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、限定词、句子成分、倒装、动词时态、附加成分和强调句型。

而考试的重点和难点则集中在考核考生对从属分句、非限定性动词、虚拟语气、情态动词和动词时态等语法的应用上。

专四语法与词汇Exercises:1 It is said that John will go to an appointment tomorrow. If he were to come tomorrow, I ______ ask him to go to your place.[A] will [B] would [C] shall [D] might2 In the past men generally preferred that their wives ______ in the home.[A] worked [B] would work[C] work [D]were working3 Give me your telephone number ______ I need your help.[A] whether [B] unless[C] so that [D] in case4 Jack is very exhausted, he should stop ______ and go out for a rest.[A] to study [B] studying[C] of studying [D] to have studied5 How many of us ______, say, a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be interested in the discussion?[A] attended [B] attending[C] to attend [D]have attended6 Ford tried dividing the labor, each worker ______ a separate task.[A] assigning [B] to assign[C] assigned [D] h as assigned7 One should never lose one's heart when ______ with temporary difficulties.[A] to confront [B] confronted [C] confronting [D] confront8 ______ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.[A] What [B] That[C] It [D] As9 Water enters into a great variety of chemical reactions, ______ have been mentioned in previous pages.[A] a few of it [B] a few of that[C] a few of them [D] a few of which10 The science of horticulture______ the primary concerns are maximum yield and superior quality, utilizes information derived from other sciences.[A] in that [B] in which[C] which is [D] which11 ______ the Atlantic Ocean crosses the equator, the trade winds cause a flow of water to the west.[A] Where [B] And[C] That [D] At12 Dress warmly, ______ you'll catch colD.[A]on thecontrary[B] or else[C] or rather [D] in no way13 ______ these questions may sound academic, answers to them could have profound economic and political significance.[A] Since [B] Although[C] Unless [D] Lest14 Prof. Lee's book will show you ______ can be used in other contexts.[A] that you have observed [B] that how youhaveobserved [C] how that you have observed [D] how whatyou haveobserved15 So little ______ aboutmathematics that the lecture was completely beyond me.[A] I know [B] I knew[C] do I know [D] did I know16 So little ______ aboutmathematics that the lecture was completely beyond me.[A] I know [B] I knew[C] do I know [D] did I know17 The dictator relied on abuse of his opponents ______ on sound reasoning.[A] more than [B] rather than[C] other than [D] better than18 The survey found that Hungary ______ as the most environment-conscious country of East Europe.[A] broke out [B] held out [C] ran out [D] stood out 19He underwent four ______ operations in two weeks.[A] excessive [B] extensive [C] intensive [D] successive 20During the ______ farmers took all the troubles to irrigate their crops.[A] draught [B] naught [C] fraught [D] drought21Their confidence in him was greatly ______ by his prolonged hesitation before taking any action.[A] appreciated [B] confirmed [C] weakened [D] cherished 22According to the weather forecast, which is usually ______, it will snow this afternoon.[A] accurate [B] precise[C] exact [D] perfect23Because he was ______ of the new limit, he was stopped and warned for speeding.[A] ignorant [B] accustomed [C] reluctant [D] pathetic24From here, we can see the bridge ______ construction. [A] below [B] by [C] in [D] under25The current general slackness of the market has prevented us from ______ new orders with you.[A] placing [B] putting [C] arranging [D] providing 26They overcame all thedifficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, ______ is something we had not expected.[A] which [B] it[C] that [D] what27He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man______ he was twenty years ago.[A] which [B] that[C] who [D] whom28 She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ______ ?[A] hadn't she [B] hasn't she [C] wouldn't she [D] didn't she 29At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and thereis never a moment when some distant mountain is not ______. [A] on view [B] at a glance [C] on the scene [D] in sight30The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the ______.[A] latter [B] latest [C] later [D] lastKeys专四语法与词汇1 It is said that John will go to an appointment tomorrow. If he were to come tomorrow, I ______ ask him to go to your place.[A] will [B] would[C] shall [D] might1虚拟语气用在条件句中表示将来可能性很小的假设，从句使用“should(could，might)+动词原形”或者"were to do"，主句使用“should(could,would)+动词原形”，如：If they should talk over the problem again，they would get the right solution．如果他们再把这个问题讨论一次，他们就可能得到正确的解决问题的方法。