综合学术英语教程2 答案 上海交通大学出版 蔡基刚
unit 蔡基刚 学术英语 答案
Unit 1 Choosing a TopicCritical ReadingU n d e rs ta n d in g th e te x tT A S K 1Key words Laypeople, radiation, understandingObjective To investigate lay people，knowledge o f radiation phenomena and riskMethods used Questionnaires and interviewsT A S K 21Respondents were aware o f the harmful health effects o f radiation, while they had a little understanding o f the concept o f radiation.2 There are a big proportion o f respondents who support to continue the production o f nuclearpower.3The mass media plays a very important role in the misunderstanding o f radiation.4 A school program should be designed to analyzing everyday conceptions about radiation.T A S K 3Paras.1-2e f b a Paras.3-6k h c d Para. 7b c h a Paras.8-11f a i k Paras.12-18d h g f Paras.19-20g c a b Paras.21-28i j a h c h g da b e j f i g d f e gh g c j b d e a b c ei d h e fk b c g d e fT A S K 41-5254136-1097106811-15131511141216-20201918171621-25252321242226-28272628T A S K 51The answer reveals that the respondents fa il to understand that a new nucleus w ill be produced when a radioactive atom is broken.2 According to the view o f constructivists, a person’s ideas w ill survive school education and forman important basis fo r new learning.3The solution is to consider lay ideas and combine factual knowledge w ith practical or political factors.T A S K 6D ifferent types o f radioactive elements w ill make different health effects, according to characteristics o f each type.T A S K 7It may be argued that the population should have a sufficient understanding o f radiation phenomena to secure individual safety as w ell as democratic decisions. To attain this, it is necessary fo r the communicators o f radiation inform ation to be fam iliar w ith the laypeople’s perceptions o f these phenomena. A questionnaire survey was conducted to examine non-experts’ conceptions o f radiation phenomena. The survey revealed an incomplete understanding o f concepts such as radioactive decay, h a lf-life and absorption o f radia tio n and a lack o f differentiation o f between radiation and radioactive materials. Many respondents did not distinguish between sources o f ionising radiation and other environmental hazards. Nuclear power plants and submarines were the most feared sources o f radiation. There are indications that the lay understanding o f radiation phenomena and risk is to a large extent formed by mass media and that “school knowledge” o f these phenomena is not applied in situations belonging to the “real w orld”To resolve this problem, new teaching and inform ation procedures are needed. These should take into account the learners’ perceptions and should integrate “school knowledge”w ith considerations belonging to the “real w orld”.E n h a n c in g la n g u a g e a b ilityT A S K 21betrays, conception2 renders3exem plified, perception4 prevalent, secure5 prior to6 proportion, gloomy7 alternatives8 characterized, constitutes, hazard9 From the standpoint of, ranks10 external, a prerequisiteT A S K 31include: contain, embrace, encompass, comprise, be composed of, consist of2 valid: powerful, convincing, sensible, rational, viable, credible, plausible, weighty, well-founded,cogent, well-grounded3basic: underlying, fundamental, essential, root, prime, primary4 danger:hazard, risk, threat, menace, peril, jeopardize5 describe: depict, portray, characterize, narrate, outline, represent6 different: discrepant, contrary, conflicting, contradictory, inconsistent, incompatible,incongruous, various, diverse7 cause:prompt, move, inspire, stimulate, urge, spur, motivate, induce, evoke, instigate, impel8 c la rify: account for, ju stify, explain, illum inate, clear up, rationalize, elucidate ,explicate9highlight: emphasize, stress, accent, feature, underline, spotlight, accentuate, give prominence to, attach importance to, give priority to, underscore10 factor: component, item, element, ingredient, constituent, contributorD o in g re s e a rc h p ro je c tsT A S K 11Solvent, pesticide, smoke, viral aggressions, ultrave radiation and ionizing radiation.2 Cells could identify the DNA damage, and remove the damaged part and re-synthesis to repair theDNA.3 The Stochastic effects are not systematic to each person being exposed. Their development couldnot be predicted by the scale o f individual which is opposite from the determinist effect.4 The healthy surroundings may be exposed to radiation during the treatment.5 Radiation dose should be keep as low as possible.academic WritingU n d e rs ta n d in g a re se a rch re p o rt o r re s e a rc h a rtic leT A S K 21Four. They are problem section, procedures section, result section and discussion section.2 Because it w ill contribute to the credibility o f the research.3 It can allow the reader to duplicate the experiment if there is some doubt about your findings.4 It may evaluate the research results fu lly, point out what questions remain unanswered andperhaps suggest directions for further research.5 Accuracy, clarity, and completeness.D e c id in g on a to p icT A S K 21G enetically Engineering -> The Impact o f Genetically Engineering -> The Impact o f Genetically Engineering on A gricultural Practice / Food Shortage2 Breast-feeding P ractice -> Breast-feeding Practice in Chinese B ig C ities^The Impact o fUrbanization on Breast-feeding Practice in Chinese Big Cities3 In te rn e t Technology -> The General Impact o f Internet Technology on Education ->ThePositive Impacts o f Internet Technology on Teaching M ethodologyT A S K 311) V ulnerabilities and the R isk from Global W arming2) Social Issues and Global W arming3) The Impacts o f Global W arming on Food ProductsGenetically M odified Foods and Health IssuesControversies as to Genetically M odified FoodsThe Development o f Genetically M odified Foods in ChinaThe Future o f Nuclear EnergySafety Issues about Nuclear Power PlantsWaste Management and Nuclear Power PlantsScience Fraud in the M edical FieldScience Fraud in ChinaResearch Pressure and Science FraudF o rm u la tin g re se a rch q u e stio n sT A S K 11Nuclear Waste1) W hat is nuclear waste?2) W hy is it d iffic u lt to dispose o f nuclear waste?3) W hat harm ful effects if nuclear waste is not appropriately disposed of?4) How to dispose o f nuclear waste safely and economically?2 Threats o f A rtific ia l Intelligence1) W hat are the present threats o f a rtificia l intelligence?2) W hat are the future threats?3) How can human beings control those threats?3 Global W arm ing and Its Effects1) What is Global warming?2) How does it affect agriculture?3) How does it affect our environment?4) How does it affect our health?4 Genetically M odified Foods1) What are advantages and disadvantages o f GMFs?2) Why do GMFs gain more popularity in the developing countries?3) How safe are GMFs?4) What are the effects o f GMFs on human health?T A S K 2M y topic: Science Fraud Epidemic in China1It is prevalent in universities and scientific institutes.2 There are many reports and articles discussing science fraud.3It is manageable since the study involves questionnaire and interviews.Research Questions1 What is the current situation o f science fraud in tertiary institutions?2 What are the underlying causes fo r the prevalence o f science fraud?3What measures could be taken to address the problem?W r itin g a w o rk in g title T A S K 21 Question titles are not appropriate. It is better to use “Economic Effects o f Climate Change”2 Good3 Impacts o f Global Warming on China4 Good5 Good6 Good 7Good3Literacy SkillsA v o id in g p la g ia ris m T A S K 11 Y 2 Y 3 Y 4 Y 5 Y 6 Y 7 N 8 Y 9Y10 Y T A S K 31 N ot common knowledge 2 N ot 3 N ot 4 N ot 5NotC ita tio n T A S KNumerous research studies demonstrate consistently that teaching promotes both language acquisition and academic Kasper, 1994; Krueger & Ryan, 1993; Snow & B rinton,Wesche, 1993). Students receiving linked instruction perform better in language courses than those not receiving such instruction (Kasper, 1997). They reap the benefits o f significantcontent-based second language success (Grabe & Stoller, 1997; 1997; S tryker & Leaver, 1997;gains in the second language, e.g., in the receptive skills o f listening and reading (Burger et al., 1997; Ready & Wesche, 1992) and in the productive skills o f w ritin g(Burger, 1989) and speaking (B urger &Chretien. 2001).They also achieve comparable or even better mastery o f d isciplinary content than ESL students or native English-speaking students not receiving content-based language instruction (Andrade &M akaafi, 2001; B abbitt, 2001; Kasper, 1994; W inter, 2004).The topic sentence is “content-based second language teaching promotes both language acquisition and academic success.”The w rite r uses literature evidence to support the idea in term s o f speaking, reading and w ritin g.Q u o tin gT A S K 11Author-focused version: According to Anyanwu (1983), most Nigerians believe that “urban existence is synonymous w ith extreme individual and community poverty”.Information-focused version: Influenced by western cultures，most Nigerians believe that “urbanexistence is synonymous w ith extreme individual and community poverty” (Anyanwu, 1883).2 Author-focused version: Anyanwu (1983) suggested that mothers should be educated “how to prepareand use hygienically acceptable supplementary foods”.Information-focused version: We may educate mother ““how to prepare and use hygienicallyacceptable supplementary foods” (Anyanwu, 1983).S u m m a riz in gT A S K 11 c. b. a. d2 b. a. c. d3 a. d. c. bT A S K 21Chinese big cities suffer from growing traffic problems.2 Some long and complicated sentences mean very little.3 The basic tenet o f constructivism holds that learners themselves construct knowledge, rather thanreceive it from outside.4 Some educationalists contend that deciding on a major is the most critical decision students facewhen entering college, whereas others argue that the most important thing fo r students to discover in university is their true interests, because many establish careers not related to the major they studied in college.5 The majority o f American Internet users, especially teenagers, use SNS, which has altered the paceand process o f making and maintaining friendships.6 According to Hirshi and Gottfredson, the propensity (倾向）o f someone to commit crime comesfrom his or her lack o f self-control, whereby the urge to feed desires causes one to even break the law.T A S K 31Gordon & Taylor (1989) believes that although most people feel a great deal o f anguish when faced w ith w riting tasks, this feeling can be managed by developing personal procrastination- avoidance strategy.2 Frick (1991) claims that history has demonstrated that technology affects education profoundly.Considering the definition o f technology broadly, one may say that prehistoric people usedprim itive technologies to teach skills to their young.3 Hewitt (1996) believes that acts o f academic dishonesty undermine the validity o f teaching andlearning.4 Edelso (2002) claims that legal rights and safeguards lead to investments by individuals, which hasa higher impact on raising living standards o f countries than these countries，natural resourceshave.。
最全的全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2答案
最全的全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2答案课后练习答案Unit1 Ways of LearningPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing.2. Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel.3. They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do it properly.4. Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.5. Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel.6. He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on can solve a problem effectively byoneself.7. He means that this incident pointed to important differences in educational and artistic practices between China and the USA.8. The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the need to teach the child by guiding his hand in the characteristic of a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the Western preference for leaving the child to explore and learn unaided.9. One example is of children at the age of 5 or 6 painting flowers, fish and animals skillfully and confidently; in a second example, calligraphers 9 and 10 yearsold were producing works; and in a third, young artists work on perfecting their craft for several hours a day.10. Americans think that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge, and skills can be picked up later. Chinese think that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity.11. This is mainly due to the difference in their way of thinking.12. The author makes the suggestion that we should strikea better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1) The text begins with an anecdote.2) His thoughts are mainly about different approaches to learning in China and the West.3) He winds up the text with a suggestion in the form of a question.2. Chinese1) Show a child how to do something, or tech by holding the hand2) Give greater priority to developing skills at an early age, believing that creativity can be promoted over time Americans1) Teach children that they should rely on themselves for solutions to problems2) Put more emphasis on fostering creativity in young children, thinking skills can be picked up laterLanguage Sense Enhancement(1) Summarizing(2) value originality and independence(3) contrast between(4) in terms of(5) harbor(6) fearful(7) comparable(8) promote creativity(9) emerge(10) picked up Language Focus VocabularyI1) insert2) on occasion3) investigate4) In retrospect5) initial6) phenomena7) attached8) make up for9) is awaiting10) not; in the least11) promote12) emerged1) a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south.2) is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3) as a financial center has evolved slowly.4) is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5) by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines.1) be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating2) somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to3) assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superior II1) continual2) continuous3) continual4) continuous1) principal2) principal3) principle4) principles5) principalIII1. themselves2. himself/herself3. herself/by herself/on her own4. itself5. ourselves6. yourself/by yourself/on your own Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze(1) contrast(2) exaggerating(3) priority(4) on the other hand(5) promoting(6) pick up(7) assist(8) accomplish(9) occasion(10) neglecting(11) worthwhile(12) superior0-(2) perform(3) facing(4) competent(5) equipped(6) designed(7) approach(8) rest(9) definitely(10) qualityII. translation(1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.(2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was boldenough to give a performance in front of a large audience.(3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.(4) Assuming this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy it?(5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.Unit2 ValuesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. The Salvation Army is a religious charitable organization. A Salvation Army bell ringer is a volunteer who help it collect donations.2. The boy asked him: Are you poor? He did it simply out of confusion and curiosity. Obviously he knew nothing about the Salvation Army bell ringer.3. He said, “I have more than some people, but not as much as others.” This means that he was neither poor nor rich.4. The boy’s mother scolded him because the question was social inappropriate, especially to a person who looked poor.5. Yes, economically he is poor. He lives in a small basement apartment. He doesn’t even have a color TV. He falls into the lowest income category. And so on.6. No, the writer does not feel poor. This is because he has enjoyed good health and creativity which he thinks are much more important than material goods.7. He feels out of place among people who are primarily interested in material things.8. She told him that she was interested in what’s on the inside. but after he took her to his poorly furnishedapartment, she changed her mind completely.9. It only shows that to her the most important thing was still material goods rather than what she had claimed before.10. Commercial can put people under pressure to purchase more than is really necessary.11. Because December is the time for to work for the Salvation Army as a bell ringer, which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and brings him happiness in helping others.12. The boy’s question has helped the writer realize that, despite his lack of expensive possessions, he is rich in many other ways and should be thankful for that.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1) a.√2) the essay is meant to explain something that is, the author’s view of life.3) That one can live a life full of riches without being rich financially.Part One: The writer’s encounter with a boy who raised thequestion “are you poor?”Part Two: In search of an answer the writer finds that not having expensive possessions doesn’t make him feel poor mainly because he enjoys life in many other ways.Part Three: In conclusion, the writer thinks he’s grown to understand more about himself because of the boy’s question. Language Sense Enhancement(1) attain(2) wear and tear(3) dependable(4) modest(5) primarily(6) minimal(7) exceptionally(8) illness-free(9) spirited(10) energizingLanguage FocusVocabularyI1) abrupt2) emotional3) bless4) wear and tear5) dated6) consequences7) seemingly8) in contrast to9) Curiosity10) genuine11) primarily12) sentiments1) confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first.2) vital to the existence of all forms of life.3) some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up on the subject.4) nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5) tickled him to think that she’d come to ask his advice1) a lingering; fabricating; sentiments2) fill out; every item; vital; consequences3) be denied; tangible; cherish; attainII1. It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2. She arrived early and took a front row seat.3. Don’t take me for a fool.4. It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5. My uncle will take me (along on his trip) to the Arctic this summer.6. He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7. Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8. If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it. III1. hanging2. to give3. to return4. being praised5. not having written6. to say7. to open8. being helped Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze(1) well-off/affluent(2) dated(3) falling into(4) bracket(5) deny(6) tangible(7) pursuit(8) cherishes(9) out of place(10) abrupt(11) focus(12) donations(1) consume(2) fueled(3) annual(4) plain(5) physically(6) security(7) indicates(8) equally(9) traditional(10) followsIII. Translation1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried to meet our minimal needs.With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.Unit3 The Generation GapPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. There are seven characters---Father, Mother, Heidi, Diane, Sean, Restaurant Manager, and Mrs. Higgins.2. No. Because what he does usually ends up embarrassing them.3. To buy a guitar.4. To check if Sean was going to embarrass him.5. He knew his father was going to embarrass him.6. It was unnecessary and embarrassing.7. He wanted Dan to pressure his son into asking Diane to the senior prom.8. He would speak to his son and insist that the latter give Diane a call.9. She felt humiliated.10. Because the Thompson had just moved.11. He tried to let her know how exceptionally talented a young woman Heidi was.12. Because she couldn’t bear being embarrassed by her father.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1. A fast-food restaurant2. The Thompson family dining room3. An office at a high schoolScene One: Father embarrassed Sean by talking too proudly to the restaurant manager.Scene Two: Father embarrassed Diane by persuading a colleague into pressing his son to ask her to the senior prom. Scene Three: Father embarrassed Heidi by boating to an officialat her new school about how talented she was. Language Sense Enhancement(1) once in a while(2) for(3) the problem(4) he thinks(5) humiliated(6) class president(7) have(8) Actually(9) stop to think(10) interferenceLanguage FocusVocabularyI1) typical2) dumb3) junior4) glorious5) welfare6) came over7) interference8) fading9) narrowed down10) frank11) schemes12) at any rate1) consists of five generals and four police officers.2) will be in a location overlooking the lake.3) was humiliated by her comments about my family background in front of so many people.4) have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer?5) was exhausted after the long cycle ride.1) hysterical; was handed down by; should have known better than2) twisted; over and over; talented son3) patience; not to keep him in suspense; assured; repeatedlyII. Collocation1. adequate2. anxious3. certain4. content5. crazy6. likely7. fortunate8. keenIII. Usage1. be admitted2. live3. be postponed4. buy5. be banned6. be Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze(1) typical(2) welfare(3) constant(4) frank5) talent(6) dumb(7) know better than that(8) repeatedly(9) dread(10) interference(11) bet(12) assure(1) despite(2) really(3) same(4) contact(5) admitted(6) attempt(7) not(8) tend(9) different(10) mannerII. Translation(1) Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?(2) The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.(3) Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.(4) A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.(5) Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking. Mr. Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue. As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.” In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates.Unit4 The Virtual WorldPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. She used to be a television producer, but now she is a writer.2. She writes and edits articles online, submits them via email, and communicates with colleagues via the Internet, too.3. She could stay computer-assisted at home for weeks, going out only t get mail, newspapers and groceries.4. They feel as if they had become one with the computer, and life seems to be unreal.5. That people who grew used to a virtual life would feel an aversion to outside forms of socializing.6. She gets overexcited, speaks too much, and interrupts others.7. She is bad-tempered, easily angered, and attacks everyone in sight, all because she has long become separated from others and lacks emotional face-to-face exchanges with people.8. She fights her boyfriend, misinterpreting his intentions because of the lack of emotional cues given by theirtyped dialogue.9. Because we rely on co-works for company.10. She calls people, arrangers to meet the few friends remaining in the City, gets to the gym, arranges interviews for stories, doctor’s appointments---anything to get her out of the house and connected with others.11. No, she doesn’t feel happy. She feels being face to face is intolerable.12. She makes her excuses and flees, re-enters her apartment, runs to the computer, clicks on the modem, and disappears into the virtual world again.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1. 2-32. 1,4-10,133. 114. 12The first paragraph describes the consequences of living a virtual life and the last tells of the author’s escape back into it. Together, they bring out the dilemma people at presentare in: Because of modern technology, we have a choice between a virtual life and real life, but find both unsatisfactory. Language Sense Enhancement(1) routine(2) for company(3) unemployment(4) externally(5) drug abuse(6) restore(7) fled(8) gym(9) set apart(10) appointmentsVocabularyI1) conversely2) but then3) symptom4) spitting5) abusing6) tone7) took; in8) editing9) have arranged10) in sight11) stretched12) data1) smoking cigarettes jars on me.2) find themselves getting sucked in.3) has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.4) fled their country to avoid military service/fled to other countries to avoidmilitary service.5) restore people’s confidence in it.1) the virtual; on line; via2) nightmare; routine; any appointment; arrange for3) cue; remarks; his tuneII. Collocation1. We came here all the way on foot.2. Private cars are not allowed on campus.3. They are on vacation in Florida.4. Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5. Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.6. Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.III. Usage1. hard2. difficult3. impossible4. tough5. hard6. easyComprehensive ExercisesI. cloze(1) Internet(3) virtual(4) routines(5) arrange(6) nightmare(7) annoying(8) connection(9) crawls(10) take in(11) spit(12) data(13) sucked into(14) At times(15) flee(16) on line(1) companion(2) deliver(3) access(4) enables(5) customers(6) delights(7) provides(9) remote(10) information II. Translation 1.1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A show Internet connection speed is really annoying.3) As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4) In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data froma completely different angle.5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier.I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit5 Overcoming ObstaclesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. Because the pole was set at 17 feet which was three inches higher than his personal best.2. Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with the strength ofa body builder.3. His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous stories about flying when he was growing up.4. Because he believed in hard work and sweat. His motto: If you want something, work for it!5. Michael's mother wished he could relax a bit more and be that "free dreaming" little boy. On one occasion she attempted to talk to him and his father about this, but his dad quickly interrupted, smiled and said, "You want something, work for it!"6. He began a very careful training program.7. He seemed unaware of the fact that he had just beaten his personal best by three inches. He was very calm.8. He began to feel nervous when the bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best.9. What his mother had taught him about how to deal with tension or anxiety helped him overcome his nervousness.10. The singing of some distant birds in flight made him associate his final jump with his childhood dream.11. He could imagine the smile on his mother’s face. He thought his father was probably smiling too, even laughing. However, in fact, his father hugged his wife and cried likea baby in her arms.12. Because he was blind.Text OrganizationWorking On Your OwnPart One: Michael faced the most challenging competition in his pole-vaulting career.Part Two: Michael’s childhood was marked with dreams and tough training.Part Three: Michael topped his personal best, won the championship and set a new world record.(1) It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying as high as a two-story building is a mere fantasy to anyone watching such an event.As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.(2) All of Michael’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work.Language Sense Enhancement(1) startled(2) bale of hay(3) off(4) intensity(5) shaking the tension(6) tense(7) description(8) out of nowhere(9) pictured(10) scaredVocabularyI1) startled2) mere3) motion4) sweating5) stretched out6) vain7) On the occasion8) anxiety9) emotions10) ashamed of11) In my mind’s eye12) recurring1) coincides with her husband’s.2) sends the prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3) of alternate sunshine and rain.4) have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.5) Tension came over her1) media; dedication to; grace2) his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3) emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII. CollocationMike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large parkbe built near the community.2. In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her education to acquire still another degree.3. There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4. Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.5. Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6. Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent. III. Words with Multiple Meanings1. I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4. The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6. To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the new products doesn’t work at all.7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’t know how to learn.8. The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it.Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze(1) In my mind’s eye(2) groan(3) competitor(4) intensity(5) anxiety(6) tense(7) sweat(8) tension(9) soaring(10) recurring(11) brought me back to earth(12) fantasy(13) sweat(14) congratulate(15) number(16) media(1) engineer(2) forget(3) convinced(4) how(5) build(6) accident(7) thought(8) only(9) sharp(10) touched(11) instructions(12) finallyII. Translation1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in thepast three months.3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5) I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”Unit6 Women, Half the SkyPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. They liked girly toys such as a miniature kitchen, and Barbies.2. To convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle.3. Because she didn’t know anything about cars and was afraid of being cheated by the mechanic.4. She was craving independence and wanted to live away from home for some time.5. It helped her earn six engineering credits, which of course made it easier for her to become an engineering major.6. Five years.7. In her view, if you find a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you’re not good at it. It just means you have to set your mind and work harder to get good at it.8. Because he had confidence in her abilities believing she could have done better if she had studied more.9. No, she wasn’t always confident. She had moments of panic, worried that asa woman she would be unable to understand thermodynamics.10. She considers it wrong because it is based on a faultypremise.11. It is flexible and more powerful than we imagine.12. What she means is not to accept others’ opinions blindly but to use one’s own judgment.Text OrganizationWorking On Your OwnPart One: The author describes how she stumbled into engineering.Part Two: The author writes about how she has overcome obstacles, including the bias against women, on her way to success.Part Three: The author draws the conclusion that women can do anything men can so long as they believe in their own abilities.1) she was not a tomboy.not to an engineering department.she didn’t know the first thing about engineering. because she craved independence from her parents.already earned her six credits in engineering.2) math and design.she participated in a national competition to convert an SUVnto a hybrid electric vehicle.work harder at it.that she should study more.had to work hard at courses she found difficult, which encouraged her to keep going.Language Sense Enhancement(1) limit(2) denying(3) favor(4) others(5) relevant(6) translating(7) hard and fast conclusions(8) focus(9) incredibly flexible(10) consider the possibilityVocabularyI1) cultural/culture2) indication3) miniature4) ironic5) stumbled into6) decent7) buzzing8) abnormal9) mechanical10) Shuddering11) implied12) leap1) convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office at the airport.2) didn’t know the first thing about cooking as she looked puzzled as to how to cook rice with the rice cooker.3) their faulty equipment the team had accomplished some very useful work.4) allowing me to work flexible hours as long as I work eight hours a day.5) couldn’t help thinking the book must be quitefascinating.1) will not panic/feel panic; ’ll be at a disadvantage2) hybrid; transmissions3) crave; One indication; to distinguishII. Synonyms in Context1. also2. as well/too3. too。
（超详细答案）综合学术英语教程2答案
（超详细答案）综合学术英语教程2答案综合学术英语教程2答案Un it 1 Multidiscipli nary Educati onKeys to the ExercisesApproach ing the T opic1. 1) The aim of college educati on is to produce in dividuals who are well on their way to becomeexperts in their field of in terest.2) The grow ing importa nee of produci ng professi on als who have the skills to work withpeople from a diverse set of discipli nes.3) First, through an in terdiscipli nary approach; Second, through a multidiscipli nary approach.4) College educati on should produce in dividuals who may later become expert who are interdiscipli nary problem solvers.2. 1) f 2) d 3) a 4) e 5) g 6) m 7) j 8) k 9) l 10) i 11) b 12) h 13) c4. (1) offered (2) s tresses (3) ability ⑷ differe nt (5)即 proach(6) in creas in gly (7) graduates (8) en ter (9) positi ons (10) Employme nt6. 1) Multidiscipli nary studies.2) They both believe that curre nt college educatio n should lay emphasis on multidisciplinary studies, which is a prerequisite to produc ing future expert who are in terdiscipli nary problem solvers.3) Ope n.4) Ope n.5) Ope n.Read ing about the Topic3. 1) The stude nts have brought to MIT their in dividual gifts, such as their own in tellect, en ergy,ideas, aspirati ons, dist inctive life experie nee and point of view, etc.2) They represe nt the geographic and symbolic cen ter of MIT.3) Names of in tellectual gia nts.4) Leon ardo da Vinci was a pain ter, scie ntist, engin eer, sculptor, i nven tor, city planner and architect.4. Set 1: 1) c 2) e 3) d 4) h 5) a 6) g 7) f 8) bSet 2: 1) e 2) a 3) h 4) b 5) c 6) f 7) d 8) g5. (b) Para. A (b) Para. B ⑻ Para. C (c) Para. D(f) Para. E (e) Para. F (d) Para. G (g) Para. A6. 1) Because for him, the simplicity he appreciated in n ature became his ultimate sta ndard indesig n.2) First was da Vinci ' s complete disregard for the accepted boundaries between differentf ields of knowledge. The second facet of da Vinci ' s character was his respect for andfascination with n ature. The third quality of da Vinci ' s character was an en thusiastic dema nd for han ds-on making, desig ning, practic ing and testi ng, and for solvi ng problems in the real world.3) “ There is a good chanee that you will never a gain live and work in a community with as manydifferent cultures and backgrounds as MIT. ” (Para. F)4) Because by doing so, the stude nts can en gagethemselves in new in tellectual adve nturesso as to use their time at MIT to its fullest pote ntial.5) It means that “ They took the in itiative to search for the deepest an swers, in stead ofsitt ing back and letting things happen to them. ”7. Set 1: 1) h 2) d 3) a 4) g 5) f 6) e 7) b 8) cSet 2: 1) c 2) g 3) d 4) a 5) h 6) f 7) e 8) b8. 1) She wan ted to describe for the new stude nts three of his characteristics that particularlyf itwith the value of MIT.2) Because by doing so, the stude nts can encoun ter the most stimulat ing minds and in spiring role models, experie nee a life in a com mun ity with diversif ied cultures and backgro unds and participate in various new in tellectual adve ntures, so that they can get the most out of their MIT educati on.3) The three of Da Vinci ' s characteristics will be the heritage of MIT to be inherited bythe stude nts. She hoped that the new stude nts would follow Da Vinci as well as a great many extraord inary MIT teachers as their role models to use their time to its fullest pote ntial.4) Multidiscipli nary thinking is a mode of thinking that goes bey ond discipli nary boun dariesin order to gain new ideas and fresh perspectives.9. 1) Huma n ingenuity will n ever devise any inven ti ons more beautiful, nor more simple, nor moreto the purpose tha n Nature does. (Para. A)2) For Da Vi nci, the simplicity he appreciated in Nature became his ultimate sta ndard indesig n. (Para. B)3) Be as determ ined in your curiosity as Leon ardo da Vinci —— and you will use your timeat MIT to its fullest pote ntial. (Para. F)4) MIT is a place of practical optimism and of passi on ate en gageme nt with the most important problems of the world. (Para. G)5) I had long since observed that people of accomplishme nt rarely sat back and let thingshappe n to them. (Para. H)。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程第二册全部课后练习答案
Unit1 Ways of LearningPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens andelementary schools in Nanjing.2.Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the keyinto the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel.3.They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him howto do it properly.4.Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to theirassigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.5.Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the JinlingHotel.6.He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child thaton can solve a problem effectively by oneself.7.He means that this incident pointed to important differences ineducational and artistic practices between China and the USA.8.The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the need to teach the childby guiding his hand in the characteristic of a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the Western preference for leaving the child to explore and learn unaided.9.One example is of children at the age of 5 or 6 painting flowers, fishand animals skillfully and confidently; in a second example,calligraphers 9 and 10 years old were producing works; and in a third, young artists work on perfecting their craft for several hours a day.10.Americans think that unless creativity has been acquired early, itmay never emerge, and skills can be picked up later. Chinese think that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity.11.This is mainly due to the difference in their way of thinking.12.The author makes the suggestion that we should strike a better balancebetween the poles of creativity and basic skills.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1)The text begins with an anecdote.2)His thoughts are mainly about different approaches to learningin China and the West.3)He winds up the text with a suggestion in the form of a question.2.Chinese1)Show a child how to do something, or tech by holding the hand2)Give greater priority to developing skills at an early age,believing that creativity can be promoted over time Americans1)Teach children that they should rely on themselves for solutionsto problems2)Put more emphasis on fostering creativity in young children,thinking skills can be picked up laterLanguage Sense Enhancement(1)Summarizing(2)value originalityand independence (3)contrast between (4)in terms of(5)harbor(6)fearful(7)comparable(8)promotecreativity(9)emerge(10)picked upLanguage Focus VocabularyI1.1)insert2)on occasion3)investigate4)In retrospect5)initial 6)phenomena7)attached8)make up for9)is awaiting10)not; in theleast11)promote12)emerged2.1) a striking contrast between the standards of living in the northof the country and the south.2)is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3)as a financial center has evolved slowly.4)is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5)by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found theirway into some English magazines.3.1)be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating2)somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to3)assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superiorII1.1)continual2)continuous 3)continual4)continuous2.1)principal2)principal3)principle 4)principles5)principalIII1.themselves2.himself/herself3.herself/by herself/on her own4.itself5.ourselves6.yourself/by yourself/on yourownComprehensive Exercises I.cloze1.(1)contrast(2)exaggerating(3)priority(4)on the otherhand (5)promoting(6)pick up(7)assist(8)accomplish(9)occasion(10)neglecting(11)worthwhile(12)superior2.(1)end(2)perform(3)facing(4)competent (5)equipped(6)designed(7)approach(8)rest(9)definitely(10)qualityII.translation1.(1)It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure fromthe tradition.(2)Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to givea performance in front of a large audience.(3)Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spiritin the child at an early age.(4)Assuming this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’sworthwhile to buy it(5)If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on theproblem we are investigating.2.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.Unit2 ValuesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.The Salvation Army is a religious charitable organization. ASalvation Army bell ringer is a volunteer who help it collectdonations.2.The boy asked him: Are you poor He did it simply out of confusion andcuriosity. Obviously he knew nothing about the Salvation Army bell ringer.3.He said, “I have more than some people, but not as much as others.”This means that he was neither poor nor rich.4.The boy’s mother scolded him because the question was socialinappropriate, especially to a person who looked poor.5.Yes, economically he is poor. He lives in a small basement apartment.He doesn’t even have a color TV. He falls into the lowest income category. And so on.6.No, the writer does not feel poor. This is because he has enjoyed goodhealth and creativity which he thinks are much more important than material goods.7.He feels out of place among people who are primarily interested inmaterial things.8.She told him that she was interested in what’s on the inside. butafter he took her to his poorly furnished apartment, she changed her mind completely.9.It only shows that to her the most important thing was still materialgoods rather than what she had claimed before.mercial can put people under pressure to purchase more than isreally necessary.11.Because December is the time for to work for the Salvation Army asa bell ringer, which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and bringshim happiness in helping others.12.The boy’s question has helped the writer realize that, despite hislack of expensive possessions, he is rich in many other ways and should be thankful for that.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1) a.√2)the essay is meant to explain something that is, the author’sview of life.3)That one can live a life full of riches without being richfinancially.2.Part One: The writer’s encounter with a boy who raised the question “are you poor”Part Two: In search of an answer the writer finds that not having expensive possessions doesn’t make him feel poor mainly because heenjoys life in many other ways.Part Three: In conclusion, the writer thinks he’s grown to understand more about himself because of the boy’s question. Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)attain(2)wear and tear(3)dependable(4)modest (5)primarily(6)minimal(7)exceptionally(8)illness-free(9)spirited(10)energizingLanguage Focus VocabularyI1.1)abrupt2)emotional3)bless4)wear and tear 5)dated6)consequences7)seemingly8)in contrast to9)Curiosity10)genuine11)primarily12)sentiments2.1)confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first.2)vital to the existence of all forms of life.3)some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow upon the subject.4)nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5)tickled him to think that she’d come to ask his advice3.1) a lingering; fabricating; sentiments2)fill out; every item; vital; consequences3)be denied; tangible; cherish; attainII1.It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2.She arrived early and took a front row seat.3.Don’t take me for a fool.4.It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5.My uncle will take me (along on his trip) to the Arctic this summer.6.He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7.Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8.If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it.III1.hanging2.to give3.to return4.being praised5.not having written6.to say7.to open8.being helpedComprehensive Exercises I.cloze1.(1)well-off/affluent(2)dated(3)falling into(4)bracket (5)deny(6)tangible(7)pursuit(8)cherishes(9)out of place(10)abrupt(11)focus(12)donations2.(1)consume(2)fueled(3)annual(4)plain (5)physically(6)security(7)indicates(8)equally(9)traditional(10)followIII. Translation1.1)The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2)Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3)Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’swhy my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants,but sent me to the best private school.4)Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job andthus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5)In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor,but they have always tried to meet our minimal needs.2.With more and more donations coming in, our university will be muchbetter off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.Unit3 The Generation GapPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.There are seven characters---Father, Mother, Heidi, Diane, Sean,Restaurant Manager, and Mrs. Higgins.2.No. Because what he does usually ends up embarrassing them.3.To buy a guitar.4.To check if Sean was going to embarrass him.5.He knew his father was going to embarrass him.6.It was unnecessary and embarrassing.7.He wanted Dan to pressure his son into asking Diane to the senior prom.8.He would speak to his son and insist that the latter give Diane a call.9.She felt humiliated.10.Because the Thompson had just moved.11.He tried to let her know how exceptionally talented a young woman Heidiwas.12.Because she couldn’t bear being embarrassed by her father.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1. A fast-food restaurant2.The Thompson family dining room3.An office at a high school2.Scene One: Father embarrassed Sean by talking too proudly to the restaurant manager.Scene Two: Father embarrassed Diane by persuading a colleague into pressing his son to ask her to the senior prom.Scene Three: Father embarrassed Heidi by boating to an official at her new school about how talented she was.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)once in a while(2)for(3)the problem(4)he thinks (5)humiliated(6)classpresident(7)have(8)Actually(9)stop to think(10)interferenceLanguage Focus VocabularyI1.1)typical2)dumb3)junior 4)glorious5)welfare6)came over7)interference8)fading9)narrowed down10)frank11)schemes12)at any rate 2.1)consists of five generals and four police officers.2)will be in a location overlooking the lake.3)was humiliated by her comments about my family background in frontof so many people.4)have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer5)was exhausted after the long cycle ride.3.1)hysterical; was handed down by; should have known better than2)twisted; over and over; talented son3)patience; not to keep him in suspense; assured; repeatedlyII.Collocation1.adequate2.anxious3.certain4.content5.crazy6.likely7.fortunate8.keenage1.be admitted2.live3.be postponed4.buy5.be banned6.beComprehensive Exercises I.cloze1.(1)typical(2)welfare(3)constant(4)frank(5)talent (6)dumb(7)know better than that(8)repeatedly(9)dread(10)interference(11)bet(12)assure 2.(1)despite(2)really(3)same(4)contact (5)admitted(6)attempt(7)not(8)tend(9)different(10)mannerII.Translation1.(1)Have scientists found proof of water on Mars(2)The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locationsfor the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.(3)Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he had to live onwelfare for the rest of his life.(4)A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary wasguilty.(5)Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.2.George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking. Mr. Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue. As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.”In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates.Unit4 The Virtual WorldPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.She used to be a television producer, but now she is a writer.2.She writes and edits articles online, submits them via email, andcommunicates with colleagues via the Internet, too.3.She could stay computer-assisted at home for weeks, going out onlyt get mail, newspapers and groceries.4.They feel as if they had become one with the computer, and life seemsto be unreal.5.That people who grew used to a virtual life would feel an aversionto outside forms of socializing.6.She gets overexcited, speaks too much, and interrupts others.7.She is bad-tempered, easily angered, and attacks everyone in sight,all because she has long become separated from others and lacks emotional face-to-face exchanges with people.8.She fights her boyfriend, misinterpreting his intentions because ofthe lack of emotional cues given by their typed dialogue.9.Because we rely on co-works for company.10.She calls people, arrangers to meet the few friends remaining in theCity, gets to the gym, arranges interviews for stories, doctor’s appointments---anything to get her out of the house and connected with others.11.No, she doesn’t feel happy. She feels being face to face isintolerable.12.She makes her excuses and flees, re-enters her apartment, runs to thecomputer, clicks on the modem, and disappears into the virtual world again.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1.2-32.1,4-10,133.114.122.The first paragraph describes the consequences of living a virtual life and the last tells of the author’s escape back into it. Together, they bring out the dilemma people at present are in: Because of modern technology, we have a choice between a virtual life and real life, but find both unsatisfactory.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)routine(2)for company(3)unemployment(4)externally (5)drug abuse(6)restore(7)fled(8)gym(9)set apart(10)appointmentsVocabularyI1.1)conversely2)but then3)symptom4)spitting5)abusing6)tone 7)took; in8)editing9)have arranged10)in sight11)stretched12)data2.1)smoking cigarettes jars on me.2)find themselves getting sucked in.3)has arranged for a technician from the computer store to checkand repair it.4)fled their country to avoid military service/fled to othercountries to avoid military service.5)restore people’s confidence in it.3.1)the virtual; on line; via2)nightmare; routine; any appointment; arrange for3)cue; remarks; his tuneII.Collocation1.We came here all the way on foot.2.Private cars are not allowed on campus.3.They are on vacation in Florida.4.Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5.Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.6.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.age1.hard2.difficult3.impossible4.tough5.hard6.easyComprehensive Exercises I.cloze1.(1)Internet(2)click(3)virtual(4)routines(5)arrange(6)nightmare (7)annoying(8)connection(9)crawls(10)take in(11)spit(12)data(13)suckedinto(14)At times(15)flee(16)on line2.(1)companion(2)deliver(3)access(4)enables (5)customers(6)delights(7)provides(8)small(9)remote(10)informationII.Translation1.1)Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying.3)As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completelydifferent angle.5)Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apartfrom her classmates.2.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer.I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submitand edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit5 Overcoming ObstaclesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.Because the pole was set at 17 feet which was three inches higher thanhis personal best.2.Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with thestrength of a body builder.3.His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous storiesabout flying when he was growing up.4.Because he believed in hard work and sweat. His motto: If you wantsomething, work for it!5.Michael's mother wished he could relax a bit more and be that "freedreaming" little boy. On one occasion she attempted to talk to him and his father about this, but his dad quickly interrupted, smiled and said, "You want something, work for it!"6.He began a very careful training program.7.He seemed unaware of the fact that he had just beaten his personalbest by three inches. He was very calm.8.He began to feel nervous when the bar was set at nine inches higherthan his personal best.9.What his mother had taught him about how to deal with tension oranxiety helped him overcome his nervousness.10.The singing of some distant birds in flight made him associate hisfinal jump with his childhood dream.11.He could imagine the smile on his mother’s face. He thought his fatherwas probably smiling too, even laughing. However, in fact, his father hugged his wife and cried like a baby in her arms.12.Because he was blind.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: Michael faced the most challenging competition in his pole-vaulting career.Part Two: Michael’s childhood was marked with dreams and tough training. Part Three: Michael topped his personal best, won the championship and set a new world record.2.(1)It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying ashigh as a two-story building is a mere fantasy to anyone watching such an event.As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.(2)All of Michael’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for hishard work.Language Sense Enhancement 1.(1)startled(2)bale of hay(3)off(4)intensity (5)shaking thetension(6)tense(7)description(8)out of nowhere(9)pictured(10)scaredVocabulary I1.1)startled2)mere3)motion4)sweating5)stretched out 6)vain7)On theoccasion8)anxiety9)emotions10)ashamed of11)In my mind’seye12)recurring2.1)coincides with her husband’s.2)sends the prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3)of alternate sunshine and rain.4)have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economicsat university.5)Tension came over her3.1)media; dedication to; grace2)his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3)emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII.Collocation1.Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built nearthe community.2.In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she(should) continue her education to acquire still another degree. 3.There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moralresponsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4.Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and itis unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.5.Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6.Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III.Words with Multiple Meanings1.I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2.Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3.The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4.The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-fivetons.5.It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6.To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the newproducts doesn’t work at all.7.The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’tknow how to learn.8.The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you tookit.Comprehensive ExercisesI.cloze1.(1)In my mind’s eye(2)groan(3)competitor(4)intensity(5)anxiety(6)tense(7)sweat(8)tension (9)soaring(10)recurring(11)brought me back to earth(12)fantasy(13)sweat(14)congratulate(15)number(16)media2.(1)engineer(2)forget(3)convinced(4)how(5)build (6)accident(7)thought(8)only(9)sharp(10)touched(11)instructions(12)finallyII.Translation1.1)It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executivesthat turned the company into a profitable business.2)The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past threemonths.3)We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4)His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimescoincide.5)I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospitalbed and groaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself tocry. You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”Unit6 Women, Half the SkyPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.They liked girly toys such as a miniature kitchen, and Barbies.2.To convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle.3.Because she didn’t know anything about cars and was afraid of beingcheated by the mechanic.4.She was craving independence and wanted to live away from home forsome time.5.It helped her earn six engineering credits, which of course made iteasier for her to become an engineering major.6.Five years.7.In her view, if you find a subject is difficult to learn, it does notmean you’re not good at it. It just means you have to set your mind and work harder to get good at it.8.Because he had confidence in her abilities believing she could havedone better if she had studied more.9.No, she wasn’t always confident. She had moments of panic, worriedthat as a woman she would be unable to understand thermodynamics.10.She considers it wrong because it is based on a faulty premise.11.It is flexible and more powerful than we imagine.12.What she means is not to accept other s’opinions blindly but to useone’s own judgment.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: The author describes how she stumbled into engineering.Part Two: The author writes about how she has overcome obstacles, including the bias against women, on her way to success.Part Three: The author draws the conclusion that women can do anything men can so long as they believe in their own abilities.2.1)she was not a tomboy.not to an engineering department.she didn’t know the first thing about engineering.because she craved independence from her parents.already earned her six credits in engineering.2)math and design.she participated in a national competition to convert an SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle.work harder at it.that she should study more.had to work hard at courses she found difficult, which encouraged her to keep going.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)limit(2)denying(3)favor(4)others(5)relevant(6)translating (7)hard and fast conclusions(8)focus(9)incredibly flexible(10)consider thepossibilityVocabulary I1.1)cultural/culture2)indication3)miniature4)ironic 5)stumbled into6)decent7)buzzing8)abnormal9)mechanical10)Shuddering11)implied12)leap2.1)convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office at theairport.2)didn’t know the first thing about cooking as she looked puzzledas to how to cook rice with the rice cooker.3)their faulty equipment the team had accomplished some very usefulwork.4)allowing me to work flexible hours as long as I work eight hoursa day.5)couldn’t help thinking the book must be quite fascinating. 3.1)will not panic/feel panic; ’ll be at a disadvantage2)hybrid; transmissions3)crave; One indication; to distinguishII.Synonyms in Context1.also2.as well/too3.too4.also5.as well/too6.too7.also8.Alsoage1.I’ve had enough2.When I was old enough to work and earn money3.can’t got enough sleep at night4.has so far collected enough of them5.have strong enough arms6.have just enough money to live on Comprehensive ExercisesI.cloze1.(1)stumbled into(2)not know the first thingabout(3)mechanical(4)when it comes to(5)hybrid(6)gritted her teeth (7)premise(8)at a disadvantage(9)panic(10)cultural(11)flexible(12)imply2.。
通用学术英语写作教程 蔡基刚课后题答案
通用学术英语写作教程蔡基刚课后题答案1、35．___________ good music the teacher is playing! [单选题] *A．What(正确答案)B．HowC．What aD．What the2、Mrs. Black is on her way to England. She will _______ in London on Sunday afternoon. [单选题] *A. reachB. attendC. arrive(正确答案)D. get3、Nearly two thousand years have passed _____ the Chinese first invented the compass. [单选题] *A. whenB. beforeC. since(正确答案)D. after4、——Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? ——Im afraid（）of them is possible. [单选题] *A.neither(正确答案)B. eitherC. noneD.both5、———Must I return the book you lent me to you now? ——No, you( ）. You can keep it for another few days. [单选题] *A.can’tB. shouldn'tC. mustn'tD. don, t have to(正确答案)6、Can I _______ your order now? [单选题] *A. makeB. likeC. giveD. take(正确答案)7、23．Susan doesn’t like cartoons. She would rather ______ Space War”. [单选题] *A．see (正确答案)B．seesC．seeingD．to see8、21 In a few years' time, there ________ thousands of trees on the hill. [单选题] *A．will haveB．will be(正确答案)C．are haveD．have9、--Mom, I will not eat fast food this year. Believe me.--If you make a _______, you must keep it. [单选题] *A. jokeB. noiseC. mistakeD. promise(正确答案)10、8．Turn right ________ Danba Road and walk ________ the road, then you will findMeilong Middle school. [单选题] *A．in...alongB．into...along (正确答案)C．in...onD．into...on11、--All of you have passed the test!--_______ pleasant news you have told us! [单选题] *A. HowB. How aC. What(正确答案)D. What a12、I _______ seeing you soon. [单选题] *A. look afterB. look forC. look atD. look forward to(正确答案)13、—What ______ your sister ______ this Saturday?—Something special, because it’s her birthday. （）[单选题] *A. are; going to doB. is; going to do(正确答案)C. does; doD. did do14、（）of the twins was arrested because I saw them both at a party last night. [单选题] *A. NoneB. BothC. Neither(正确答案)D. All15、These apples smell _____ and taste ______. [单选题] *A. well; wellB. good; good(正确答案)C. well; goodD. good; well16、Mrs. Green has given us some _______ on how to study English well. [单选题] *A. practiceB. newsC. messagesD. suggestions(正确答案)17、Study hard, ______ you won’t pass the exam. [单选题] *A. or(正确答案)B. andC. butD. if18、--Could you please tell me _______ to get to the nearest supermarket?--Sorry, I am a stranger here. [单选题] *A. whatB. how(正确答案)C. whenD. why19、The children were all looking forward to giving the old people a happy day. [单选题]*A. 寻找B. 期盼(正确答案)C. 看望D. 继续20、The beautiful radio _______ me 30 dollars. [单选题] *A. spentB. paidC. cost(正确答案)D. took21、6．—How can we get to the school?—________ bus. [单选题] *A．ToB．OnC．By(正确答案)D．At22、73．（）about the man wearing sunglasses during night that he was determined to follow him．[单选题] *A. So curious the detective wasB.So curious was the detective(正确答案)C.How curious was the detectiveD.How curious the detective was23、42．—________ meat do you want?—Half a kilo. [单选题] *A．How much(正确答案)B．How manyC．WhatD．Which24、Tom and Mary's house bought last year is（）Lucy, s. [单选题] *A. the three size ofB. three times the size of(正确答案)C. as three times large asD. three times as larger as25、Grandfather lives with us. We all _______ him when he gets ill. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look atC. look forD. look like26、--_______ does Ben go to school?--By bus. [单选题] *A. How(正确答案)B. WhatC. WhereD. Why27、20．Sometimes it often rains ________ in my hometown in summer. [单选题] *A．heavyB．hardlyC．heavily(正确答案)D．strongly28、--What’s the _______ like today?--Cloudy. [单选题] *A. skyB. airC. landD. weather(正确答案)29、He always did well at school _____ having to do part-time jobs every now and then. [单选题] *A despite ofB. in spite of(正确答案)C. regardless ofD in case of30、60．—Are you ready?—Yes. We can start ________ any time. [单选题] *A．at(正确答案)B．in C．to D．for。
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2最全的课后练习答案
最全的全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2 答案课后练习答案Unit1Ways of LearningPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing.2.Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of tryingto place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel.3.They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do it properly.4.Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudestoward creativity.5.Most of them displayed the sameattitude as the staff6.He emphasized that the most important thing is toteach the child that on can solve a problem effectively byoneself.7.He means that this incident pointed to importantdifferences in educational and artistic practices between China and the USA.8.The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the needto teach the child by guiding his hand in the characteristicof a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the Western preference for leaving the child to explore and learn unaided.9.One example is of children at the age of 5 or 6painting flowers, fish and animals skillfully and confidently; in a second example, calligraphers 9 and 10 years old wereproducing works;and in a third,young artists work on perfecting their craft for several hours a day.10.Americans think that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge, and skills can be pickedup later.Chinese think that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity.11.This is mainly due to the difference in their wayof thinking.12.The author makes the suggestion that we should strikea better balance between the poles of creativity and basicskills.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1)The text begins with an anecdote.2)His thoughts are mainly about differentapproaches to learning in China and the West.3)He winds up the text with a suggestion in the formof a question.2.Chinese1)Show a child how to do something, or tech by holding the hand2)Give greater priority to developing skills at anearly age, believing that creativity can be promoted over time Americans1)Teach children that they should rely onthemselves for solutions to problems2)Put more emphasis on fostering creativity in young children, thinking skills can be picked up later LanguageSense Enhancement(1)Summarizing(2)value originality and independence(3)contrast between(4)in terms of(5)harbor(6)fearful(7)comparable(8)promote creativity(9)emerge(10)picked upI1.1)insert2)on occasion3)investigate4)In retrospect5)initial6)phenomena7)attached8)make up for9)is awaiting10)not; in the least11)promote12)emerged2.1)a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south.2)is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3)as a financial center has evolved slowly.4)is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5)by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines.3.1)be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating2)somewhat; the performance; have neglected; theyapply to3)assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superiorII1.1)continual2)continuous3)continual4)continuous2.1)principal2)principal3)principle4)principles5)principalIII1.themselves2.himself/herself3.herself/by herself/on her own4.itself5.ourselves6.yourself/by yourself/on your own Comprehensive ExercisesI.cloze1.(1)contrast(2)exaggerating(3)priority(4)on the other hand(5)promoting(6)pick up(7)assist(8)accomplish(9)occasion(10)neglecting(11)worthwhile(12)superior2.0-(2)perform(3)facing(4)competent(5)equipped(6)designed(7)approach(8)rest(9)definitely(10)qualityII.translation1.(1)It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.(2)Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was boldenough to give a performance in front of a large audience.(3)Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.(4)Assuming this painting really is a masterpiece,do you think it ’s worthwhile to buy it?(5)If the data is statistically valid,it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.2.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading,writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heartas many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is alsohelpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in sodoing,we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result.As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the taskof mastering English.Unit2ValuesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. The Salvation Army is a religious charitable organization. A Salvation Army bell ringer is a volunteer who help it collect donations.2.The boy asked him: Are you poor? He did it simplyabout out of confusion and curiosity. Obviously he knew nothing the Salvation Army bell ringer.3.He said,“I have more than some people, but not asmuch as others. ” This meansthat he was neither poor nor rich. 4.The boy ’ s mother scolded him because the question was social inappropriate, especially to a person who looked poor.5.Yes, economically he is poor. He lives in a smallbasement apartment. He doesn’t even have a color TV. He falls into the lowest income category. And so on.6.No, the writer does not feel poor. This is becausehe has enjoyed good health and creativity which he thinksare much more important than material goods.7. He feels out of place amongpeople who are primarily interested in material things.8. She told him that she was interested in what the’s on inside. but after he took her to his poorly furnishedapartment, she changed her mind completely.9.It only shows that to her the most important thingwas still material goods rather than what she hadclaimed before.mercial can put people under pressure to purchasemore than is really necessary.11.Because December is the time for to work for the Salvation Army as a bell ringer,which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and brings him happiness in helping others.12.The boy’s question has helped the writer realize that, despite his lack of expensive possessions, he is rich in manyother ways and should be thankful for that.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1) a.√2)the essay is meant to explain something that is, the author ’s view of life.3)That one can live a life full of riches without being rich financially.2.Part One: The writer’s encounter with a boy who raised thequestion“are you poor?”Part Two: In search of an answer the writer finds that nothaving expensive possessions doesn’t makehim feel poor mainly because he enjoys life in many other ways.Part Three: In conclusion, the writer thinks he’s grown to understand more about himself because of the boy’s question. Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)attain(2)wear and tear(3)dependable(4)modest(5)primarily(6)minimal(7)exceptionally(8)illness-free(9)spirited(10)energizingLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1)abrupt2)emotional3)bless4)wear and tear5)dated6)consequences7)seemingly8)in contrast to9)Curiosity10)genuine11)primarily12)sentiments2.1)confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first.2)vital to the existence of all forms of life.3)some confusion among the students about what to doafter class to follow up on the subject.4)nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5)tickled him to think that she’d come to ask his advice3.1) a lingering; fabricating; sentiments2)fill out; every item; vital; consequences3)be denied; tangible; cherish; attainII1.It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2.She arrived early and took a front row seat.3.Don’t take me for a fool.4.It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such astory.5.My uncle will take me (along on his trip) tothe Arctic this summer.6.He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7. Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8.If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it.III1.hanging2.to give3.to return4.being praised5.not having written6.to say7.to open8.being helped Comprehensive ExercisesI.cloze1.(1)well-off/affluent(2)dated(3)falling into(4)bracket(5)deny(6)tangible(7)pursuit(8)cherishes(9)out of place(10)abrupt(11)focus(12)donations2.(1)consume(2)fueled(3)annual(4)plain(5)physically(6)security(7)indicates(8)equally(9)traditional(10)followsIII.Translation1.1)The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2)Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammerslightly.3)Education is the most cherished tradition in ourfamily. That ’ s why my parents never took me to dinner atexpensive restaurants, but sent meto the best private 4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery,school. he losthis job and thus had to go through another difficult phaseof his life.5)In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parentsare rather poor, but they have always tried to meet our minimal needs.2.With more and more donations coming in, our university willbe much better off financially next year. Wewill thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, musttake on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead,and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as wellas material satisfaction.Unit3The Generation GapPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.There are seven characters---Father,Mother, Heidi, Diane, Sean, Restaurant Manager, and Mrs. Higgins.2.No. Because what he does usually ends up embarrassing them.3.To buy a guitar.4.To check if Sean was going to embarrass him.5.He knew his father was going to embarrass him.6.It was unnecessary and embarrassing.7.He wanted Dan to pressure his son into askingDiane to the senior prom.8.He would speak to his son and insist that the latter give Diane a call.9.She felt humiliated.10.Because the Thompson had just moved.11.He tried to let her know how exceptionally talenteda young woman Heidi was.12.Because she couldn ’ t bear being embarrassed by her father.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1. A fast-food restaurant2.The Thompson family dining room3.An office at a high school2.Scene One: Father embarrassed Sean by talking too proudlyto the restaurant manager.Scene Two: Father embarrassed Diane by persuading a colleague into pressing his son to ask her to the senior prom.Scene Three: Father embarrassed Heidi by boating to an officialat her new school about how talented she was. Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)once in a while(2)for(3)the problem(4)he thinks(5)humiliated(6)class president(7)have(8)Actually(9)stop to think(10)interferenceLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1)typical2)dumb3)junior4)glorious5)welfare6)came over7)interference8)fading9)narrowed down10)frank11)schemes12)at any rate2.1)consists of five generals and four police officers.2)will be in a location overlooking the lake.3)was humiliated by her comments about myfamily background in front of so many people.4)have any proof that it was Henry who stolethe computer?5)was exhausted after the long cycle ride.3.1)hysterical; was handed down by; should haveknown better than2)twisted; over and over; talented son3)patience; not to keep him in suspense; assured; repeatedlyII.Collocation1.adequate2.anxious3.certain4.content5.crazy6.likely7.fortunate8.keenage1.be admitted2.live3.be postponed4.buy5.be banned6.be ComprehensiveExercises I. cloze1.(1)typical(2)welfare(3)constant(4)frank(5)talent(6)dumb(7)know better than that(8)repeatedly(9)dread(10)interference(11)bet(12)assure2.(1)despite(2)really(3)same(4)contact(5)admitted(6)attempt(7)not(8)tend(9)different(10)mannerII.Translation1.(1)Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?(2) The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.(3)Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he hadto live on welfare for the rest of his life.(4) A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison thatMary was guilty.(5)Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.2.George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residentsin the community to fall asleep.Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frankmanner what they were thinking. Mr.Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue. As soon as he put downthe phone he scolded his son,“ What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.” In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates.Unit4The Virtual WorldPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.She used to be a television producer, but nowshe is a writer.2.She writes and edits articles online, submits themvia email, and communicates with colleagues via the Internet, too.3.She could stay computer-assisted at home for weeks, going out only t get mail, newspapers and groceries.4.They feel as if they had become one with the computer, and life seems to be unreal.5.That people who grew used to a virtual lifewould feel an aversion to outside forms of socializing.6.She gets overexcited,speaks too much,and interrupts others.7.She is bad-tempered, easily angered, and attackseveryone in sight, all because she has long becomeseparated from others and lacks emotional face-to-faceexchanges with people.8.She fights her boyfriend,misinterpreting his intentions because of the lack of emotional cues given by theirtyped dialogue.9.Because we rely on co-works for company.10.She calls people, arrangers to meet the few friendsremaining in the City, gets to the gym, arranges interviewsfor stories, doctor ’ s appointments---anything to get her out of the house and connected with others.11.No, she doesn ’t feel happy. She feels being face to faceis intolerable.12. She makes her excuses and flees, re-enters her apartment, runs to the computer, clicks on the modem, and disappears into the virtual world again.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1.2-32.1,4-10,133.114.122.The first paragraph describes the consequences of living avirtual life and the last tells of the author ’s escape back into it. Together, they bring out the dilemma people at presentare in: Because of modern technology, we have a choice between a virtual life and real life, but find both unsatisfactory. Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)routine(2)for company(3)unemployment(4)externally(5)drug abuse(6)restore(7)fled(8)gym(9)set apart(10)appointmentsVocabularyI1.1)conversely2)but then3)symptom4)spitting5)abusing6)tone7)took; in8)editing9)have arranged10)in sight11)stretched12)data2.1)smoking cigarettes jars on me.2)find themselves getting sucked in.3)has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.4)fled their country to avoid military service/fledto other countries to avoid military service.5)restore people’s confidence in it.3.1)the virtual; on line; via2)nightmare; routine; any appointment; arrange for3)cue; remarks; his tuneII.Collocation1.We came here all the way on foot.2.Private cars are not allowed on campus.3.They are on vacation in Florida.4.Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5.Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.6.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.age1.hard2.difficult3.impossible4.tough5.hard6.easyComprehensive ExercisesI.cloze1.(1)Internet(2)click(3)virtual(4)routines(5)arrange(6)nightmare(7)annoying(8)connection(9)crawls(10)take in(11)spit(12)data(13)sucked into(14)At times(15)flee(16)on line2.(1)companion(2)deliver(3)access(4)enables(5)customers(6)delights(7)provides(8)small(9)remote(10)information II.Translation 1.1)Research shows that laughter can bring a lotof health benefits.2)A show Internet connection speed is really annoying.3)As the law stands, helping someone commitsuicide is a crime.4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data froma completely different angle.5)Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memorysets her apart from her classmates.2.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has mademy job a lot easier.I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with mycolleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a clickof the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with thelatest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still,without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication,the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit5 Overcoming ObstaclesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.Because the pole was set at 17 feet which wasthree inches higher than his personal best.2.Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with the strength of a body builder.3.His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous stories about flying when he was growing up.4.Because he believed in hard work and sweat. His motto: If you want something, work for it!5.Michael's mother wished he could relax a bit moreand be that "free dreaming" little boy. On one occasion sheattempted to talk to him and his father about this, but hisdad quickly interrupted, smiled and said, "You want something, work for it!"6.He began a very careful training program.7.He seemed unaware of the fact that he had just beaten his personal best by three inches. He was very calm.8.He began to feel nervous when the bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best.9.What his mother had taught him about how to deal with tension or anxiety helped him overcome his nervousness.10.The singing of some distant birds in flight madehim associate his final jump with his childhood dream.11. He could imagine the smile on his mother’s face. Hethought his father was probably smiling too, even laughing.However, in fact, his father hugged his wife and cried likea baby in her arms.12.Because he was blind.Text Organization WorkingOn Your Own1.Part One: Michael faced the most challenging competitionin his pole-vaulting career.Part Two: Michael ’s childhood was marked with dreams and tough training.Part Three: Michael topped his personal best, won thechampionship and set a new world record.2.(1)It also has the element of flying, and the thought offlying as high as a two-story building is a mere fantasyto anyone watching such an event.As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed offlying.(2) All of Michael ’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)startled(2)bale of hay(3)off(4)intensity(5)shaking the tension(6)tense(7)description(8)out of nowhere(9)pictured(10)scaredI1.1)startled2)mere3)motion4)sweating5)stretched out6)vain7)On the occasion8)anxiety9)emotions10)ashamed of11) In my mind’ s eye12)recurring2.1)coincides with her husband’ s.2)sends the prices soaring/results in the soaring ofprices.3)of alternate sunshine and rain.4)have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.5)Tension came over her3.1)media; dedication to; gracehug him;2)his competitors;in excitement; congratulate him on3)emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII.Collocation1.Mike, a Green, madethe suggestion that a large parkbe built near the community.2.In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her education to acquire still another degree.3.There is no reason to hold the belief that humanshave no direct moral responsibility to safeguard the welfareof animals.4.Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everythingthey come into contact with might be a threat.5.Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6.Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III.Words with Multiple Meanings1.I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3.The wounded man worked his way across the field onhis hands and knees.4.The safe load for a truck of this type works outat about twenty-five tons.5.It is difficult to understand how humanminds work.6.To my disappointment,the manager’ s plan of promoting the new products doesn’t work at all.7.The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’t know how to learn.8. The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it.Comprehensive ExercisesI.cloze1.(1) In my mind’s eye(2)groan(3)competitor(4)intensity(5)anxiety(6)tense(7)sweat(8)tension(9)soaring(10)recurring(11)brought me back to earth(12)fantasy(13)sweat(14)congratulate(15)number(16)media2.(1)engineer(2)forget(3)convinced(4)how(5)build(6)accident(7)thought(8)only(9)sharp(10)touched(11)instructions(12)finallyII.Translation1.1)It is the creativity and dedication of the workersand executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2)The prices of food and medicine have soared in thepast three months.3)We plan to repaint the upper floors of the officebuilding.4)His success shows that popularity and artisticmerit sometimes coincide.5)I don ’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that inorder to recover speedily from negative emotion, you shouldallow yourself to cry. You needn ’t/don ’t have to be ashamedof crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the bodyalong with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately diedin a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unableto cry. She said,“It was not until two weeks later that Ibegan to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back toearth and helped me survive the crisis.”Unit6Women, Half the SkyPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.They liked girly toys such as a miniature kitchen,and Barbies.2.To convert a gas-guzzling SUVinto a hybrid electric vehicle.3.Because she didn ’t know anything about cars and was afraid of being cheated by the mechanic.4.She was craving independence and wanted to live away from home for some time.5.It helped her earn six engineering credits, whichof course madeit easier for her to becomean engineering major.6.Five years.7.In her view, if you find a subject is difficult tolearn, it does not mean you ’re not good at it. It just means youhave to set your mind and work harder to get good at it.8. Because he had confidence in her abilities believing she could have done better if she had studied more.9.No, she wasn’t always confident. She had momentsof panic, worried that as a woman she would be unable to understand thermodynamics.10.She considers it wrong because it is based on a faultypremise.11.It is flexible and more powerful than we imagine.12. What she means is not to accept others’opinions blindly but to use one’ s own judgment.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.she stumbled into Part One: The author describes howengineering.Part Two: The author writes about how she has overcome obstacles, including the bias against women, on her way tosuccess.Part Three: The author draws the conclusion that women can do anything mencan so long as they believe in their own abilities. 2.1)she was not a tomboy.not to an engineering department.she didn ’t know the first thing about engineering.because she craved independence from her parents.already earned her six credits in engineering.2)math and design.she participated in a national competition to convert an SUVinto a hybrid electric vehicle.work harder at it.that she should study more.had to work hard at courses she found difficult,which encouraged her to keep going.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)limit(2)denying(3)favor(4)others(5)relevant(6)translating(7)hard and fast conclusions(8)focus(9)incredibly flexible(10)consider the possibilityI1.1)cultural/culture2)indication3)miniature4)ironic5)stumbled into6)decent7)buzzing8)abnormal9)mechanical10)Shuddering11)implied12)leap2.1)convert RMBinto US dollars in the foreign exchange office at the airport.2)didn ’ t know the first thing about cooking as shelooked puzzled as to how to cook rice with the rice cooker.3)their faulty equipment the team had accomplishedsome very useful work.4)allowing me to work flexible hours as long as I work eight hours a day.5)couldn’ t help thinking the book must be quitefascinating.3.1)will not panic/feel panic;’ll be at a disadvantage2)hybrid; transmissions3)crave; One indication; to distinguishII.Synonyms in Context1.also2.as well/too3.too4.also5.as well/too6.too7.also8.Alsoage1.I’ve had enough2.When I was old enough to work and earn money3.can’t got enough sleep at night4.has so far collected enough of them5.have strong enough arms6.have just enough money to live onComprehensive Exercises。
(超详细答案)综合学术英语教程2答案
综合学术英语教程2答案Un it 1 Multidiscipli nary Educati onKeys to the ExercisesApproach ing the Topic1. 1) The aim of college educati on is to produce in dividuals who are well on their way to becomeexperts in their field of in terest.2) The grow ing importa nee of produci ng professi on als who have the skills to work withpeople from a diverse set of discipli nes.3) First, through an in terdiscipli nary approach; Second, through a multidiscipli nary approach.4) College educati on should produce in dividuals who may later become expert who are interdiscipli nary problem solvers.2. 1) f 2) d 3) a 4) e 5) g 6) m 7) j 8) k 9) l 10) i 11) b 12) h 13) c4. (1) offered (2) stresses (3) ability ⑷ differe nt (5)即 proach(6) in creas in gly (7) graduates (8) en ter (9) positi ons (10) Employme nt6. 1) Multidiscipli nary studies.2) They both believe that curre nt college educatio n should lay emphasis on multidisciplinary studies, which is a prerequisite to produc ing future expert who are in terdiscipli nary problem solvers.3) Ope n.4) Ope n.5) Ope n.Read ing about the Topic3. 1) The stude nts have brought to MIT their in dividual gifts, such as their own in tellect, en ergy,ideas, aspirati ons, dist inctive life experie nee and point of view, etc.2) They represe nt the geographic and symbolic cen ter of MIT.3) Names of in tellectual gia nts.4) Leon ardo da Vinci was a pain ter, scie ntist, engin eer, sculptor, i nven tor, city planner and architect.4. Set 1: 1) c 2) e 3) d 4) h 5) a 6) g 7) f 8) bSet 2: 1) e 2) a 3) h 4) b 5) c 6) f 7) d 8) g5. (b) Para. A (b) Para. B ⑻ Para. C (c) Para. D(f) Para. E (e) Para. F (d) Para. G (g) Para. A6. 1) Because for him, the simplicity he appreciated in n ature became his ultimate sta ndard indesig n.2) First was da Vinci ' s complete disregard for the accepted boundaries between differentf ields of knowledge. The second facet of da Vinci ' s character was his respect for andfascination with n ature. The third quality of da Vinci ' s character was an en thusiastic dema nd for han ds-on making, desig ning, practic ing and testi ng, and for solvi ng problems in the real world.3) “ There is a good chanee that you will never again live and work in a community with as manydifferent cultures and backgrounds as MIT. ” (Para. F)4) Because by doing so, the stude nts can en gage themselves in new in tellectual adve nturesso as to use their time at MIT to its fullest pote ntial.5) It means that “ They took the in itiative to search for the deepest an swers, in stead ofsitt ing back and letting things happen to them. ”7. Set 1: 1) h 2) d 3) a 4) g 5) f 6) e 7) b 8) cSet 2: 1) c 2) g 3) d 4) a 5) h 6) f 7) e 8) b8. 1) She wan ted to describe for the new stude nts three of his characteristics that particularlyf itwith the value of MIT.2) Because by doing so, the stude nts can encoun ter the most stimulat ing minds and in spiring role models, experie nee a life in a com mun ity with diversif ied cultures and backgro unds and participate in various new in tellectual adve ntures, so that they can get the most out of their MIT educati on.3) The three of Da Vinci ' s characteristics will be the heritage of MIT to be inherited bythe stude nts. She hoped that the new stude nts would follow Da Vinci as well as a great many extraord inary MIT teachers as their role models to use their time to its fullest pote ntial.4) Multidiscipli nary thinking is a mode of thinking that goes bey ond discipli nary boun dariesin order to gain new ideas and fresh perspectives.9. 1) Huma n ingenuity will n ever devise any inven ti ons more beautiful, nor more simple, nor moreto the purpose tha n Nature does. (Para. A)2) For Da Vi nci, the simplicity he appreciated in Nature became his ultimate sta ndard indesig n. (Para. B)3) Be as determ ined in your curiosity as Leon ardo da Vinci —— and you will use your timeat MIT to its fullest pote ntial. (Para. F)4) MIT is a place of practical optimism and of passi on ate en gageme nt with the most important problems of the world. (Para. G)5) I had long since observed that people of accomplishme nt rarely sat back and let thingshappe n to them. (Para. H)10. Many scie ntists and engin eers at MIT pursue simplicity in their desig n and developme ntof tech no logies.Explori ng the Topic4. 1) It is believed that a multidiscipli nary approach to scie ntific educati on is of vital importa nee.2) Second, a multidiscipli nary emphasis is believed to be a prerequisite to training in dividuals.3) It cannot be denied that these f irms are participati ng in tur ning out the future thin kers.4) How about exam ining our problems about scie nee and tech no logy from a liberal artsperspective.5) Surpris in gly, however, our uni versities and colleges fail to switch from the conven tional divisio ns and departme ntal secti ons to daily extracurricular multidiscipli nary work.5. Reading 1 begins with a contrast —“ College education has always had the responsibilityto ... However, ... we also see the growing importanee of producing ... ”. The introduction of Reading 2 is in formative as well as in terest ing, which arouses the readers ' in terest to go on read ing.Integrated Exercises2. (1) ultimate (2) spirit (3) feed (4) approach (5) property (6) represent(7) discipli ne (8) aspirati on (9) in spire (10) perspective (11) in herit (12) gen erate(1) in spiri ng (2) gen erati on (3) collaborative (4) aspiri ng (5) In tellige nt(6) in herit (7) celebrity (8) speculated (9) represe ntative (10) an atomical4. (1) D (2) A (3) C (4) B (5) D (6) A (7) B (8) C (9) A (10) C5. (1) Many celebrated researchers around the world are collaborat ing to develop a new vacc ine.(2) The scie ntists ' experime nt gen erated an un expected outcome.(3) If the systems are restructured, their effective ness will be ultimately in tegrated intothe global economy.(4) The doctors speculate that he died of a stroke caused by a blow on the head.(5) The murder trial attracted con siderable public atte nti on.(6) The aspirati on for college educati on in spires people in remote areas to work hard.(7) He inherited his parents ' fortune after their death.(8) He disregarded his father' s advice and left college.(9) In this address, he asked the youn gsters, who embody the spirits of the n ati on, to jointhe campaig n.(10) The special diet in corporates many differe nt fruits and vegetables.7. (1) Whoever run the red light shows a complete disregard for public safety.(2) Success, as he expla in ed, was nothing more tha n a con siste nt pursuit of art and good luck.(3) The new product has benef ited from research work at the crossroads betwee n biologicaland medical studies.(4) It was amazing that his idea echoed well the great philosopher ' s belief, which he claimednot to have heard about before.(5) The on e-m onth intense trai ning program prepared the team members well for possible emergencies.(6) The audie nee was deeply impressed with the vigor and power of the speech delivered by theenvironmen talist.(7) This traveli ng experie nee will provide you with a rare opport unity to sample a different way of life.(8) Using the limited time to its fullest pote ntial is one of the must-have/required skillsin adapt ing to the fast-paced moder n life.(9) More and more coun tries are bringing robots to bear on their various problems.(10) These stude nts are en couraged from a very early age to follow their own boun dless interests well bey ond the boun daries of conven ti onal belief in obedie nt lear ning.8.A. (1) B (2) C (3) B (4) B (5) DB. As multidiscipli nary desig n has become a trend in the in dustry, there is a n eed for moreemphasis on multidiscipli nary perspectives. Educati onal in stitutio ns should take their role in trai ning in dividuals who can function in a collaborative en vir onment and be prepared to face multifaceted projects that they may not have bee n exposed to. However, our uni versities and colleges fail to shift from traditi onal divisi ons and departme ntal secti ons to multidiscipli nary work being practiced on a daily basis outside the classroom. C. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) TD. (1) what lear ning is about (2) be inq uisitive (3) lear n a new subject(4) an alyze a new problem (5) teacher-taught (6) master- in spired(7) self-lear ner (8) the trap of dogma (9) no si ngle simple an swer(10) black and white (11) critical thinking (12) tolera nt and supportive(13) a new thesis topic (14) flexibility (15) style of leadershipUnit 2 The Scie ntific MethodKeys to the ExercisesApproach ing the Topic1. 1) The Scien tific Method is a body of tech niq ues for in vestigat ing phe nomena and acquiring kno wledge, as well as correct in g/i ntegrati ng previous kno wledge. It in volves gatheri ng observable, empirical and measurable evide nee, the collectio n of data through observati on and experime ntati on, and the formulati on and testi ng of hypotheses.2) Scien tists put forward hypotheses to expla in what is observed. They the n con duct experiments to test these hypotheses. The steps take n in the experime nt must be capable of replicati on and the results emerge as the same. What is discovered may lead to a new hypothesis.3) Scien tists are huma n and can be uninten tio nally biased; total objectivity is impossible.4) Scien tists are huma n and can be uninten tio nally biased. Science uses our sen ses and oursen ses can be mistake n. We can n ever un dersta nd someth ing as it really is because our very prese neeaffects what is being studied.5) ① Science is both a body of knowledge and a process.②Science is exciting.③Science is useful.④Science is ongoing.⑤Science is reliable.⑥Science is a community endeavor.2. 1) c 2) g 3) e 4) f 5) a 6) d 7) h 8) k 9) b 10) i 11) j4. (1) aspects (2) process (3) satisfy (4) tech no logies (5) puzzle(6) collect ion (7) evide nee (8) en sure (9) diversity (10) professi onal6. 1) Scie nee.2) It brings to mind many differe nt pictures: white lab coats and microscopes, a scie ntistpeeri ng through a telescope, the launch of the space shuttle, and so on.3) Scie nee can discover the laws to un dersta nd the order of n ature.4) Because it relies on a systems of checks and bala nces, which helps en sure that scie neemoves towards greater accuracy and un dersta nding, and this system is facilitated by diversity within the scie ntific com mun ity, which offers a range of perspectives on scie ntific ideas.5) Ope n.Read ing about the Topic3. 1) The moder n scie ntific method is characterized by con firmati ons and observati ons which“ verified ” the theories in question, but some genuinely testable theories, when found to be false, are still upheld by their admirers, which rescues the theory from refutati on on ly at the price of destro ying, or at least loweri ng, its scie ntific status.2) A theory which is not refutable by any con ceivable event is non-scie ntific.3) Their theories were con sta ntly verified by their cli nical observati ons. They always fittedand were always con firmed.4) Light must be attracted by heavy bodies (such as the sun).5) There is the risk in volved in a predict ion: the theory is in compatible with certa in possibleresults of observati on — in fact with results which everybody before Ein stein would have expected.4. Set 1: 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b 5) f 6) e 7) h 8) gSet 2: 1) b 2) e 3) a 4) f 5) d 6) c 7) h 8) g5. Para. A (b) Para. B (c) Para. C (e)Para. D (e) Para. E ⑻ Para. F (d)6. 1) Observati ons, hypotheses, and deducti ons, the n con clusi ons.2) You will n eed to research everythi ng that you can f ind about the problem.3) You should n ' t cha nge the hypothesis. In stead, try to expla in what might have bee nwrong with your orig inal hypothesis.4) An importa nt thing to remember duri ng this stage of the scie ntific method is that onceyou develop a hypothesis and a predict ion, you should n ' t cha nge it, even if the results of your experime nt show that you were wrong.5) Because there isa cha nee that you made a miscue somewherealong the way.7. Set 1: 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b 5) f 6) e 7) h 8) gSet 2: 1) e 2) g 3) a 4) f 5) c 6) b 7) d 8) h8. 1) Observati on, as the f irst stage of the scie n tific method, is a way of collect ing in formati onfrom any possible sources, which can serve as a foun datio n in verify ing a theory .In this process, one should expect an eve nt which could refute the theory. Only through being refuted by new observatio ns which are in compatible with the theory could it be falsified, which ref lects its truescie ntific virtue.2) A hypothesis is a possible soluti on to a problem, based on kno wledge and research, whilea theory is a hypothesis con firmed by the research findin gs. Every theory cannot be appliedto every situati on; otherwise, it is not a good theory.3) It is always possible to verify n early every theory, but that would rescue the theory fromrefutation at the price of destroying, or at least lowering its scientific status.4) To falsify a theory is more valuable, because a theory which is not refutable by any conceivable eve nt is non-scie ntific.9. 1) Because of this personal experience and an interest in the problem, you decide to learn moreabout what makes pla nts grow. (Para. B)2) The experime nt that you will desig n is done to test the hypothesis. (Para. D)3) Through in formal, exploratory observati ons of pla nts in a garde n, those with more sunlight appear to grow bigger. (Para. H)4) The judges at your science fair will not take points off simply because your results don' t match up with your hypothesis. (Para. K)5) You cannot prove the hypothesis with a sin gle experime nt, because there is a cha ncethat you made a miscue somewhere along the way. (Para. Q)10. Observatio n, the in itial stage of the research, requires a thorough un dersta nding ofa research project you have chose n by collect ing adequate in formati on from various sources,and is followed by the next stage known as hypothesis, an un complicated stateme nt that defi nes what you think the outcome of your experime nt will be.Explori ng the Topic4. 1) Science does not in clude expla nati ons based on no empirical evide nce.2) The huma n n ature of scie nce, however, ren ders it un likely to be free of pers onalprejudices, misapprehe nsions, and bias.3) The scope of scie nce en compasses the whole uni verse and n atural world.4) Scie nce is a process of decidi ng whether the acquired evide nce may prove what is mostlikely to be correct curre ntly.5) It is not possible to prove a hypothesis with a single experiment, as chances are thata mistake was made somewhere in the process.In tegrated Exercises2. (1) additio nal (2) illustrate ⑶ in terpret (4) con duct (5) previous ⑹ in volve(7) design (8) verify (9) reflect (10) collect (11) research (12) support(1) methodical (2) commitme nt (3) achievable (4) assume (5) illogical(6) exposure (7) constitutive (8) emphatic (9) confirmation (10) identity4. (1) A (2) B (3) A (4) D (5) A (6) B (7) C (8) A (9) D (10) B5. (1) This observati on motivated Newt on to develop a theory of gravity.(2) Other scholars attempt to approach the subject from an econo mical perspective.(3) Participating in the activity will provide one with an initial taste of the objectivesof sociology.(4) Scien tists in sisted there was a rati onal expla nati on for the stra nge phe nomenon.(5) To most young people, higher educati on is nothing but a process of acquiri ng kno wledge.(6) The study dem on strates the n ecessity of tak ing a much broader view in the matter.(7) The new car' s desig n successfully in tegrates art and tech no logy.(8) China actually encoun tered the ide ntical stages of its developme nt in the early 1990sto the West.(9) The virus can spread to a docume nt or applicati on betwee n computers and ren der thecomputer useless.(10) If the susta in able developme nt of small econo mies is facilitated, their effectiveness will be ultimately in tegrated into the global economy.7. 1) We could not atte nd a conference without heari ng some talks about cha nge and challe nge.2) Things seem highly optimistic in the light of numerous reports, especially from countrydistricts.3) I am in favor of the argume nt that urba ni zatio n should be con trolled properly.4) Someth ing slowly bega n to daw n on me — I still loved what I did.5) My computer does not work because it was ren dered paralyzed by some viruses.6) Experts are working on the plan in question. And they ' ll come to an answer.7) A n ati onal curriculum framework is logically in compatible with pupil-ce ntered learning.8) For many women success is often achieved at the price of their married life.9) Many attempts had bee n made before I successfully en tered a key uni versity.10) There is a good chance that it will turn fine tomorrow.8. A.⑴ B (2) A (3) C (4) A (5) BB. Un dersta nding scie ntific method is critical to your scie ntific en deavor. The scientific method is a series of steps that serve as guideli nes for scie ntific efforts, and a tool that helps scie ntists solve problems and determ ine an swers to questi ons in a logical format. There are two forms of scie ntific method: the experime ntal method and the descriptive method. The former employs nu merical data and graphs, used in physical scie nces, while the latter gathers In formatio n through visual observati on and in terviewi ng, employed in zoology and an thropology. The scie ntific method in volves five steps, n amely, ide ntify ing a problem, research ing the problem, formulat ing a hypothesis, con duct ing an experime nt and reach ing a con clusi on.C. (1) The process of scie nee, in con trast to the lin ear steps of the simplified scie ntific method,is iterative.(2) Scie nee circles back on itself so that useful ideas are built upon and used to learn even more about the n atural world.(3) Gregor Men del showed that i nherita nee is particulate that in formati on is passedalong in discrete packets that cannot be diluted.(4) Any point in the process leads to many possible n ext steps, and where that next stepleads could be a surprise.(5) Scie nee may in volve many differe nt people en gaged in all sorts of differe ntactivities in differe nt orders and at differe nt points in time.D. (1) n atural world (2) in vestigati ons (3) basic questi on(4) in formatio n (5) Experime nts (6) detailed un dersta nding(7) built upon (8) deepe n and exte nd (9) in the process(10) test ing (11) observati on (12) new direct ion(13) in differe nt orders (14) represe nt (15) less importa ntUnit 3 Ancient China ' s Contribution to ScieneeKeys to the ExercisesApproach ing the Topic1. 1) Needham is the world 'famous Sinologist and author of Science and Civilization inChi na.2) The Europea n people just take these inven ti ons for gra nted. All origi nated in Chinabut have long since bee n adopted by the West.3) They helped to in spire the Europea n agricultural and in dustrial revoluti ons.4) It has won five literary awards in America and bee n tran slated into 43 Ian guages.5) His book, The Spirit of Chin ese Inven ti on, was approved by the Chin ese Mini stryof Educati on for use in conn ecti on with the n ati onal sec on dary curriculum in China.2. 1) f 2) k 3) c 4) a 5) o 6) n 7) g 8) e9) d 10) m 11) i 12) h 13) j 14) l 15) b4. (1) credit (2) con siderable ⑶ befrie nded (4) breakthroughs ⑸ thoroughly(6) flow n (7) academic (8) embark (9) suggested (10) staff6. 1) The overlooked great breakthroughs in an cie nt China.2) Dr. Needham argued that a proper book on the history of Chin ese scie nee and tech no logywould have a wide beari ng on the gen eral history of thought and ideas.3) He helped to bring due credit to China ' s overlooked contribution to scientific innovation.4) Yes, he does. Because he believed that a proper popular book would have a wide beari ngon the gen eral history of thoughts and ideas, which could not be possible if the book was too academic.Readi ng about the Topic3. 1) Both Westerners and Chin ese people are ignorant of the fact that the West importeda lot ofinven ti ons from ancient China.2) Because more tha n half of the basic inven ti ons and discoveries upon which the “ modern world ” rests come from China.3) Because they take many great achieveme nts for gran ted, and eve n the Chin ese themselveslost sight of the truth, so their wester n in heritors would n ' t trouble themselves to know the truth.4) Because it is always more satisfy ing to the ego to thi nk that they have reached theirprese nt positi on alone and un aided, and that they are the proud masters of all abilities and all crafts.4. Set 1: 1) d 2) e 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) g 7) f 8) hSet 2: 1) d 2) g 3) e 4) h 5) b 6) a 7) c 8) f5. Para. A (e) Para.B (b) Para. C (f) Para. D (a)Para. E (a)Para. F (a) Para. G (c) Para. H (g) Para. I (h) Para. J (d)6. 1) The three inven tio ns tran sform-ed completely the moder n world and mark-ed it off fromthe ancient and the Middle Ages.2) The Europea n agricultural revoluti on, which laid the basis for the In dustrial Revolution, came about only because of the importati on of Chin ese ideas and inven ti ons.3) The truth that half of the basic inven ti ons and discoveries orig in ated from Chinan eeds to be imparted to schoolchildre n. The purpose is to let them know the truth and the n to bridge the chasm betwee n the East and the West.4) The bureaucratic orga ni zati on of Chi na in its earlier stages stron gly helped scienee to grow; only in its later ones did it in hibit further growth, and in particular preve nted a breakthrough which has occurred in Europe.5) The author points out the reas ons why China was developed in the past but backward atprese nt and why the West was un derdeveloped in the past but adva need at prese nt.7. Set 1: 1) c2) g 3) h 4) b 5) f 6) d 7) a 8) eSet 2: 1) c 2) d 3) g 4) e 5) a 6) b 7) f 8) h8. 1) The tworeadi ngs bothlist a seriesof great inven tio ns and discoveries that origi nated inancient China.Readi ng 1 tends tobe factual, while Readi ng 2 is morecritical of the factthat the Chin ese are ignorant of their ancient achieveme nts and the Westerners simply take them for gra nted.2) The argume nt in Read ing 2 is more reas on able and acceptable si nee the author usesa lot of examples and exam ines the questi on from both the Chin ese and Westernperspectives to illustrate his point.3) Readi ng 2 holds more obvious n egative attitudes towards Wester ners.4) It would be better if the n ati ons and the peoples of the world had a clearer un derstanding of each other, allow ing the men tal gap betwee n East and West to be bridged.(Readi ng 2) The discoveries and inven ti ons made in Europe in the seve ntee nth cen tury and thereafter depe nded so much in so many cases on cen turies of previous Chin ese progress in scie nee, tech no logy and medici ne. (Readi ng 3)9. 1) He regarded the origins of these inventions as “ obscure” and he died without everknowing that all of them were Chin ese. (Para. B)2) Chauvi ni stic Wester ners, of course, always try to mi ni mize the in debted ness ofEurope to China in the ancient and the Middle Ages, but ofte n the circumsta ntial evide nee is compelli ng. (Para. C)3) In many cases we simply cannot ide ntify the cha nn els through which kno wledge wascon veyed from East to West. (Para. C)4) Moder n scie nee which developed in the seve ntee nth cen tury was a mathematizati onof hypotheses about n ature, comb ined with experime ntati on. (Para. D)5) One factor which must have great releva nee here is the circumsta nee that the feudalismof Europe and Ch ina were fun dame ntally differe nt. (Para. E)10. The feudalism of China differed greatly from that of Europe in that its bureaucraticorga ni zati on promoted the growth of scie nee in ancient China but i nhibited its further developme nt later on.Explori ng the Topic4. 1) In creas in gly being bewitched by the adva need Europea n tech no logy, the Chin esehaveforgotte n their own achieveme nts.2) A book like that would be absolutely non-academic; it would n evertheless have afar-reachi ng in flue nee on the gen eral history of thought and ideas.3) The less on to be draw n from the history of agriculture can best illustrate the ignoranceof the egoistic wester ners.4) The Chin ese and Westerners are equally surprised whe n they realize that moder nagriculture, moder n shipp ing and even the esse ntial desig n of the steam engine all origi nated from Chi na.5) A clear un dersta nding among the n ati ons and the peoples of the world would be welcomedto bridge the gap betwee n East and West.5. 2) The deafe ning no ise, and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on n erves.Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do great injury to delicate lun gs. The sudde n plunging of a train into the dark ness of a tunn el, and the equally sudde n rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to the eyesight.3) What was it that en abled them to become great or successful? Were they born with something special? Or did their great ness have more to do with tim ing, devoti on and, perhaps, an un compromis ing pers on ality? The an swer is a n ever surre nder attitude. If great achievers share anythin g, it is an un rele nti ng drive to succeed. There is a tendency to think that they are en dowed with someth ing super- no rmal.In tegrated Exercises2. (1) in sight (2) expertise (3) obscure (4) backward(5) un dertake (6) ignoran t (7) ack no wledge (8) esse ntial(9) min imize (10) shatter (11) fadi ng (12) illustration3.(1) in sightful (2) tran sformati on (3) respectively (4) dazzli ng (5) resurge nt (6) indebted ⑺ backwards (8) irrelevant (9) unparalleled (10) illusionary4. (1) C (2) D (3) A (4) B (5) A (6) A (7) C (8) D (9) B (10) D5. (1) Examples will be draw n from literature and popular media to illustrate the range ofleadership and non-leadership behaviors and compete ncies.(2) You 'l never be able to eliminate interruptions altogether but you can do a lot tominimize them.(3) There is evide nee that the movie rein forces n egative stereotypes about wome n.(4) The violence to property will do nothing to facilitate that investigation.(5) Determ in ati on and effort en able-d the young man to acquire success.(6) The project was held back by budget restra in ts.(7) We will continue to press gover nments in the regi on to un dertake political reforms.(8) This level of econo mic growth is un precede nted and uniq ue.(9) This policy could isolate the country from the other perma nent members of the Un itedNati ons Security Coun cil.(10) The profo und econo mic effect would accumulate day by day, and much of it might bereversible.7. (1) It must be realized that China experie need a great tran sformati on in the last cen tury.(2) However, it is rather questi on able whether the majority of America ns know the truthabout China and Chin ese people.(3) All of the in formati on can be con veyed by simple graphs.(4) It is esse ntial that our childre n absorb this less on into their outlook on the world.(5) It is a less on that all of us should take to heart.(6) We must n ever lose sight of the fact that many inven tio ns origi nated in China.(7) Many of us take it for gran ted that tech no logy is the top priority in econo micdevelopme nt.(8) How was it that you had the right i nformati on at the right place and at the right time?(9) I can think of no better illustrati on of the importa nee of higher educati on tha nthe fact that many uni versity graduates have become the leaders in various f ields.(10) The dema nd for a raise ref lects as much a desire for the recog niti on of their successas for more mon ey.8. A. (1) C (2) B (3) D (4) D (5) CB. China ' s ancient great inventions and discoveries, as the forerunners of some of themoder n tech no logies, both enhance the quality of huma n life and cha nge Chin ese history of scie nee. The most sig nif ica nt ones are papermak ing, gun powder, compass and prin ti ng. Paper, one of the most widely used and in dispe nsable materials, led to subseque nt inno vati ons like paper curre ncy, woodblock printing and ceramic movable type printing. The most importa nt inven ti on of gun powder triggered a series of related discoveries like fireworks, la nd min e-s , n aval min e-s, explodi ng cannon balls, multistage rocket-s, etc. The compass, orig in ally in a crude form, was followed bya magn etic device and a magn etic n eedle for n avigati on in waters.C. (1) He accide ntally stumbled upon f ireworks by mixing 3 rout ine kitche n in gredie nts ——saltpeter, sulfur and charcoal and ign ited them.(2) The fireworks came to be used for auspicious occasi ons like weddi ng-s, religiousceremonies and to celebrate victories and achieveme nts, and even as rocket fuel.(3) He was called the foun der of f ire crackers.(4) The gun powder tubes were found to be strong eno ugh to launch arrows and this is howthe rocket was con ceptualized and used aga inst the Mon golia ns in a Kai keng battle.(5) He wan ted to see how these rockets could be used for tran sportati on.。
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程2课后练习答案
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程2课后练习答案Key to Exercises of College English Book 2Unit 1★Text AVocabularyI.insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect5) initial 6) phenomena7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not…in the least 11) promote 12) emerged2. 1) There is a striking contrast between the standards of livingin the north of the country and the south.2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.（3) The c ity’s importance as a financial center has evolvedslowly.4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a goodlawyer.5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poethave found their way into some English magazines.3. 1) be picked up, can’t accomplish, am exaggerating2) somewhat, performance, have neglected, they apply to3) assist, On the other hand, are valid, a superiorII.1. 1) continual 2) continuous 3) continual 4) continuous2. 1) principal 2) principal 3) principle 4) principles 5) principalIII.1. themselves2. himself/herself3. herself/by herself/on her own4. itself5. ourselves6. yourself/ by yourself/on your own Comprehensive ExerciseI. Cloze1. 1) contrast 2) exaggerating 3) priority 4) on the other hand5) promoting6) pick up 7) assist 8) accomplish 9) on occasion 10) neglecting11) worthwhile 12) superior2. 1) end 2) perform 3) facing 4) competent 5) equipped6) designed 7) approach 8) rest 9) definitely 10) qualityII. Translation1.）It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a 2.1)departure from the tradition.2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enoughto give a performance in front of a large audience.3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creativespirit in the child at an early age.4) Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, doyou think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on theproblem we are investigating.2. To improve our English, it is critical to do morereading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing inyour head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.★Text BComprehension check: c c d a c bLanguage Practice1.g h e c f a b d2.(adopt 2) account 3) from your point of view 4) 3.1)ended up 5) furthermore 6) fund 7) annual 8) keeping track of 9) pace 10) intends11) perspective 12) deviseUnit 2★Text AVocabularyI. 1. 1) abrupt 2) emotional 3) bless 4) wear and tear 5) dated6）consequences 7）seemingly 8) in contrast to 9) Curiosity 10) genuine 11) primarily 12) sentiments 2. 1) When you are confronted with more than one problem,try to solve the easiest one first.2) Water is vital to the existence of all forms of life.《3) There is still some confusion among the students aboutwhat to do after class to follow up on the subject.4) As a person of simple living habits, he needs nothingmore than a job and an apartment to be happy.5) It tickled him to think that she’d come to as his advice. 3.1) a lingering, fabricating, sentiments2) fill out, every item, vital, consequences3) be denied, tangible, cherish, attainII.1.It’s a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2.She arrived early and took a front row seat.3.Don’t take me for a fool.4.-5.It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.6.My uncle will take me (along on his trip) to the Arctic thissummer.7.He took the dinner plate I passed to him.8.Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.9.If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it.III.1.hanging2. to give3. to return4. being praised5.not having written6. to say7. to open8. being helped Comprehensive ExerciseI.·1. 1) well-off/affluent 2) dated 3) falling into 4)bracket 5) deny6) tangible 7) pursuit 8) cherishes 9) out of place 10) abrupt11) focus 12) donations2. 1) consume 2) fueled 3) annual 4) plain 5) physically 6) security7) indicates 8) equally 9) traditional 10) follows II. Translation1.1) The company denied that its donations had a commercialpurpose.2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammerslightly.3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family.That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost hisjob and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.:5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents arerather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.2. With more and more donations coming in, ouruniversity will be much better off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.★Text BComprehension Check: b b d c d dLanguage Practice1.f c g e b a h d2.1) stunned 2) hold (fast) to 3) folks 4) generosity 5) discount 6) liable7) ranks 8) on the run 9) make up 10) blends in11) by all accounts 12) comes into contact withUnit 3[★Text AVocabularyI.1．1) typical 2)dumb 3) junior 4) glorious 5) welfare6)came over 7) interference 8)fading 9) narroweddown 10) frank 11)schemes 12) at any rate2. 1) The Security council consists of five generals and four police officers.2) The new hotel will be in a location overlooking the lake.3) I was humiliated by her comments about my family background in front of so many people.4) Do you have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer5) the boy was exhausted after the long cycle ride.3. 1) hysterical; was handed down; should have known better than$2) twisted, over and over, talented son3) patience, not to keep him in suspense, assured, repeatedlyII.1.adequate2. anxious3. certain4. content5. crazy6. likely7. fortunate8. keenIII.1.be admitted2. live3. be postponed4. buy5. be banned6. beComprehensive ExerciseI. 1. 1) typical 2) welfare 3) constant 4) frank 5)talent 6) dumb7) know better than that 8) repeatedly 9) dread 10)interference 11) bet 12) assure2. 1) despite 2) really 3) same 4) contact5) admitted 6) attempt~7) not 8) tend 9) different 10) manner II. Translation1. 1) Have scientists found proof of water on Mars2) The planning committee has narrowed down the possiblelocations for the nuclear power plant to two coastaltowns.3) Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.4) A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.5) Sean felt humiliated ti hear his talent being questioned. 2.George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in afrank manner what they were thinking. Mr. Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue. As soon as he put down the phone h e scolded his son, “What has come over you You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.” In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates.★Text BComprehension Check: b a b c d a%Language Practice1. d e f g a b h c2. 1) and he like 2) popularity 3) had been kept in the dark4) define 5) was aware of 6)relate 7) were up to 8)trend 9)opportunity 10)mobile 11)comments 12) interviewedUnit 4★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) conversely 2). but then 3) symptom 4) spitting 5) abusing 6) tone$7) took…in 8) editing 9) have arranged 10) in sight 11) stretched 12) data2. 1) The sight of teenagers smoking cigarettes jars on me.2) A lot of American teenagers don’t like street gangs, butthey find themselves getting sucked in.3) Jeffrey’s computer crashed again this morning. Themanager has arranged for a technician from thecomputer store to check and repair it.4) During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fledtheir country to avoid military service/fled to othercountries to avoid military service.5) The new government is planning an anti-corruptioncampaign so as to restore people’s confidence in it.3. 1) the virtual, on line, via 2) nightmare, routine, any appointment, arrange for3) cue, remarks, his tuneII. 1. We came here all the way on foot.2. Private cars are not allowed on campus.|3. They are on vocation in Florida.4. Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5. Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.6. Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.III. 1. hard 2. difficult 3. impossible 4. tough 5. hard 6. easy Comprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) internet 2) click 3) virtual 4) routines 5) arrange6) nightmare 7) annoying 8) connection 9) crawls 10)take in 11) spit 12) data 13) sucked into 14) At times15) flee 16) on line2. 1) companion 2) deliver 3) access 4) enables 5)customers 6) delights 7) provides 8) small 9) remote10) informationII. Translation/1. 1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A slow Internet connecting speed is really annoying.3) As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4) In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.2. Perhaps you envy me for being able to work fromhome on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write，submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times.The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.★Text BComprehension Check: c a a b d cLanguage Practice1．d e a c b f g h《2．1) vehicle 2) hooked on 3)intense 4)worldwide5)overnight 6)slipped7) on the whole 8) called forth 9) outwards10)Needless to say 11) to my knowledge 12) On top ofthatUnit 5★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) startled 2) mere 3) motion 4) sweating 5)stretched 6) vain 7) On one occasion8) anxiety 9) emotions 10) ashamed 11) In my mind’seye 12) recurring2. 1) Mrs. White’s birthday coincides with her husband’s.，2) They make big profits on the stuff they sell by creating anartificial shortage, which send s the prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3) It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain.4) Politics and philosophy have been his lifelong passions,although he studied economics at university.5) Tension came over her, as she waited for her first TV interview.3. 1) media, dedication to, grace 2) his competitors, in excitement, hug him, congratulate him on3) emotions, numerous, intensity, passion forII.1.Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be builtnear the community.2.In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish thatshe (should) continue her education to acquire still another degree.3.There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have nodirect moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4."5.Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in,and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.6.Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated usfairly.7.Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III.1.I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2.Florence has worked as cleaner at the factory for five years.3.The wounded man worked his way across the field on hishands and knees.4.The safe load for a truck of this type works out at abouttwenty-five tons.5.It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6.To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting thenew products doesn’t work at all.7.\8.The teacher has a lot of experience of working with childrenwho don’t know how to learn.9.The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly afteryou took it.Comprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) In my mind’s eye 2) groan 3) competitor 4)intensity 5) anxiety 6) tense7) sweat 8) tension 9) soaring 10) recurring11) brought me back to earth12) fantasy 13) sweat 14) congratulate 15)numerous 16) media2. 1) engineer 2) forget 3) convinced 4) how 5) build 6) accident7) thought 8)only 9) sharp 10) touched 11) instructions 12) finallyII. Translation;1. 1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers andexecutives that turned the company into a profitablebusiness.2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the pastthree months.3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of he office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5) I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2. Numerous facts bear out theargument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry.You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna, Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from myshoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”★Text BComprehension Check: b c b b c aLanguage Practice1."e d c b hf g2. a3.1) aid 2) inclined 3) in good health 4) shortcomings5) penetrated6) dismiss 7)has suffered from 8)progressive 9)optimistic10)to a degree 11)hold on to 12)installUnit 6★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) culture/cultural 2) indication 3) miniature 4) ironic 5) stumbled into 6) decent7) buzzing 8) abnormal 9) mechanical 10) Shuddering 11) implied 12) leap&2. 1) You can convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office a the airport.2) I figured she didn’t know the first thing about cooking asshe looked puzzled as to how to cook rice with the rice cooker.3) The manager glowed with pleasure upon hearing that inspite of their faulty equipment the team had accomplishedsome very useful work.4) I’m grateful to my company for allowing me to workflexible hours as long as I work eight hours a day.5) On seeing the comments made in the margins by previousreaders, Tom couldn’t help thinking the book must be quite fascinating.3. 1) will not panic/feel panic, ’ll be at a disadvantage 2) hybrid, transmission3) crave, One indication, to distinguishII. 1. also 2. as well/too 3. too 4. also 5. as well/too 6. too 7. also 8. AlsoIII. 1. I’ve had enough 2. When I was old enough to work and earn money3. can’t get enough sleep at night4. has so far collected enough of them*5. have strong enough arms6. have just enough money to live onComprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) stumbled into 2) not know the first thing about 3) mechanical 4) when it comes to5) hybrid 6) gritted her teeth 7) premise 8) at a disadvantage 9) panic 10) cultural。
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2最全的课后练习答案
最全的全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2答案课后练习答案Unit1 Ways of LearningPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing.?2. Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel.3. They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do it properly.4. Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.5. Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel.6. He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on can solve a problem effectively by oneself.7. He means that this incident pointed to importantdifferences in educational and artistic practices between China and the USA.8. The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the need to teach the child by guiding his hand in the characteristic of a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the Western preference for leaving the child to explore and learn unaided.9. One example is of children at the age of 5 or 6 painting flowers, fish and animals skillfully and confidently; in a second example, calligraphers 9 and 10 years old were producing works; and in a third, young artists work on perfecting their craft for several hours a day.;10. Americans think that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge, and skills can be picked up later. Chinese think that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity.11. This is mainly due to the difference in their way of thinking.12. The author makes the suggestion that we should strike a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1) The text begins with an anecdote.2) His thoughts are mainly about different approaches tolearning in China and the West.%3) He winds up the text with a suggestion in the form of a question.2. Chinese1) Show a child how to do something, or tech by holding the hand2) Give greater priority to developing skills at an early age, believing that creativity can be promoted over timeAmericans1) Teach children that they should rely on themselves for solutions to problems2) Put more emphasis on fostering creativity in young children, thinking skills can be picked up laterLanguage Sense Enhancement$(1) Summarizing(2) value originality and independence(3) contrast between(4) in terms of(5) harbor(6) fearful(7) comparable(8) promote creativity《(9) emerge(10) picked upLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1) insert2) on occasion《3) investigate4) In retrospect5) initial6) phenomena7) attached8) make up for9) is awaiting10) not; in the least>11) promote12) emerged2.1) a striking contrast between the standards of living in thenorth of the country and the south.2) is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3) as a financial center has evolved slowly.4) is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5) by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines.[3.1) be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating2) somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to3) assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superiorII1.1) continual2) continuous~3) continual4) continuous2.1) principal2) principal3) principle4) principles5) principal@III1. themselves2. himself/herself3. herself/by herself/on her own4. itself5. ourselves6. yourself/by yourself/on your own Comprehensive Exercises~I. cloze1.(1) contrast(2) exaggerating(3) priority(4) on the other hand(5) promoting(6) pick up~(7) assist(8) accomplish(9) occasion(10) neglecting(11) worthwhile(12) superior2.0-`(2) perform(3) facing(4) competent(5) equipped(6) designed(7) approach(8) rest(9) definitely…(10) qualityII. translation1.(1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.(2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.(3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.(4) Assuming this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy it(5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.~2.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.Unit2 ValuesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. The Salvation Army is a religious charitable organization. A Salvation Army bell ringer is a volunteer who help it collect donations. ）2. The boy asked him: Are you poor He did it simply out of confusion and curiosity. Obviously he knew nothing about the Salvation Army bell ringer.3. He said, “I have more than some people, but not as much as others.”This means that he was neither poor nor rich.4. The boy’s mother scolded him because the question was social inappropriate, especially to a person who looked poor.5. Yes, economically he is poor. He lives in a small basement apartment. He doesn’t even have a color TV. He falls into the lowest income category. And so on.6. No, the writer does not feel poor. This is because he has enjoyed good health and creativity which he thinks are much more important than material goods.7. He feels out of place among people who are primarily interested in material things.8. She told him that she was interested in what’s on the inside. but after he took her to his poorly furnished apartment, she changed her mind completely.9. It only shows that to her the most important thing was still material goods rather than what she had claimed before.(10. Commercial can put people under pressure to purchase more than is really necessary.11. Because December is the time for to work for the Salvation Army as a bell ringer, which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and brings him happiness in helping others.12. The boy’s question has helped the writer realize that, despite his lack of expensive possessions, he is rich in many other ways and should be thankful for that.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1) a.√2) the essay is meant to explain something that is, the author’s view of life.！3) That one can live a life full of riches without being rich financially.2.Part One: The writer’s encounter with a boy who raised the question “are you poor”Part Two: In search of an answer the writer finds that not having expensive possessions doesn’t make him feel poor mainly because he enjoys life in many other ways.Part Three: In conclusion, the writer thinks he’s grown to understand more about himself because of the boy’s question.Language Sense Enhancement 1.(1) attain）(2) wear and tear(3) dependable(4) modest(5) primarily(6) minimal(7) exceptionally(8) illness-free(9) spirited—(10) energizingLanguage Focus VocabularyI1.1) abrupt2) emotional3) bless`4) wear and tear5) dated6) consequences7) seemingly8) in contrast to9) Curiosity10) genuine11) primarily~12) sentiments2.1) confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first.2) vital to the existence of all forms of life.3) some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up on the subject.4) nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5) tickled him to think that she’d come to ask his advice 3.）1) a lingering; fabricating; sentiments2) fill out; every item; vital; consequences3) be denied; tangible; cherish; attainII1. It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2. She arrived early and took a front row seat.3. Don’t take me for a fool.4. It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.[5. My uncle will take me (along on his trip) to the Arctic this summer.6. He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7. Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8. If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it.III1. hanging2. to give·3. to return4. being praised5. not having written6. to say7. to open8. being helpedComprehensive ExercisesI. cloze》1.(1) well-off/affluent(2) dated(3) falling into(4) bracket(5) deny(6) tangible(7) pursuit…(8) cherishes(9) out of place(10) abrupt(11) focus(12) donations2.(1) consume(2) fueled:(3) annual(4) plain(5) physically(6) security(7) indicates(8) equally(9) traditional(10) follows{III. Translation1.1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried to meet our minimal needs.2.$With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the lifeahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.Unit3 The Generation GapPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. There are seven characters---Father, Mother, Heidi, Diane, Sean, Restaurant Manager, and Mrs. Higgins.2. No. Because what he does usually ends up embarrassing them.|3. To buy a guitar.4. To check if Sean was going to embarrass him.5. He knew his father was going to embarrass him.6. It was unnecessary and embarrassing.7. He wanted Dan to pressure his son into asking Diane to the senior prom.8. He would speak to his son and insist that the latter give Diane a call.9. She felt humiliated.10. Because the Thompson had just moved.。
通用学术英语综合教程课后答案蔡基刚复旦大学
通用学术英语综合教程课后答案蔡基刚复旦大学1、—_____ will the bus arrive? —In four minutes. [单选题] *A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon(正确答案)D. How far2、89．The blackboard is ________ the classroom. [单选题] *A．nextB．betweenC．in front ofD．in the front of(正确答案)3、In the closet（）a pair of trousers his parents bought for his birthday. [单选题] *A. lyingB. lies(正确答案)c. lieD. is lain4、He didn't allow _____ in his room. Actually he didn't allow his family _____ at all. [单选题] *A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; to smoke(正确答案)C. to smoke; smokingD. smoking; smoking5、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *A. in a momentB. after a momentC. at the moment(正确答案)D. at any moment6、We are living in an age（）many things are done by computer. [单选题] *A. thatB. whichC. whyD. when(正确答案)7、The little girl held _____ in her hand. [单选题] *A. five breadsB. five piece of breadsC. five piece of breadD. five pieces of bread(正确答案)8、We are very hungry now. Can you _______ us something to eat? [单选题] *A. carryB. takeC. borrowD. bring(正确答案)9、John Smith is _______ of the three young men. [单选题] *A. strongB. strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest(正确答案)10、—Could you take out the rubbish, Jim?—______. I have too much homework to do. You can ask Sally to do it. （）[单选题] *A. Sorry, I can’t(正确答案)B. No problemC. I disagreeD. No, thanks11、12．Who will ________ the Palace Museum after Shan Jixiang retires? [单选题] *A．in chargeB．in charge ofC．be in charge of (正确答案)D．be in the charge of12、This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. [单选题] *A. howB. whichC. that(正确答案)D. what13、______ visitors came to take photos of Hongyandong during the holiday. [单选题] *A. ThousandB. Thousand ofC. ThousandsD. Thousands of(正确答案)14、This year our school is _____ than it was last year. [单选题] *A. much more beautiful(正确答案)B. much beautifulC. the most beautifulD. beautiful15、____ father is a worker. [单选题] *A.Mike's and Mary'sB. Mike and Mary's(正确答案)C. Mike's and MaryD. Mike and Marys'16、Ships can carry more goods than _____ means of transport. [单选题] *A. the otherB. anotherC. any other(正确答案)D. any17、44．—Hi, Lucy. You ________ very beautiful in the new dress today.—Thank you very much. [单选题] *A．look(正确答案)B．watchC．look atD．see18、Tom is very _______. He never cleans his room. [单选题] *A. lazy(正确答案)B. activeC. shyD. healthy19、_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. [单选题]*A. TravelB. Traveling(正确答案)C. Having traveledD. Traveled20、While my mother _______ the supper, my father came back. [单选题] *A. cooksB. is cookingC. was cooking(正确答案)D. has cooked21、—Can you play tennis? —______, but I’m good at football.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I can(正确答案)B. Yes, I doC. No, I can’tD. No, I don’t22、9．—Will there be more cars in the future?—________. [单选题] *A．See youB．Well, I'm not sure(正确答案)C．You're welcomeD．Thank you23、Jack can speak Japanese, and his brother can _______ speak Japanese. [单选题] *A. tooB. also(正确答案)C. eitherD. as well24、( ) ____ eye exercises ___ good __ your eyes. [单选题] *A. Doing, is, for(正确答案)B. Doing, are, forC. Do, is, forD. Do, are, at25、Tony wants _______ a job as a language teacher in China. [单选题] *A. findB. findingC. to find(正确答案)D. to be found26、The yellow bag _______ me. [单选题] *A. belong toB. belongs to(正确答案)C. belongD. belongs27、—Excuse me, how long does it ______ to walk to the library? —About 15 minutes, I’m afraid.（）[单选题] *A. take(正确答案)B. spendC. costD. pay28、13．________ it rains heavily outside, Lily wants to meet her children at once. [单选题]* A．IfB．Although (正确答案)C．WhenD．Because.29、We had a(an)_____with him about this problem last night. [单选题] *A.explanationB.impressionC.exhibitionD.discussion(正确答案)30、—These shoes look cool. ______ are they?—They are on sale, only $（）[单选题] *A. How much(正确答案)B. How longC. How manyD. How soon。
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2最全的课后练习答案
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2最全的课后练习答案最全的全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2答案课后练习答案Unit1 Ways of LearningPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing.2. Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel.3. They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do it properly.4. Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.5. Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel.6. He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on can solve a problem effectively byoneself.7. He means that this incident pointed to important differences in educational and artistic practices between China and the USA.8. The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the need to teach the child by guiding his hand in the characteristic of a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the Western preference for leaving the child to explore and learn unaided.9. One example is of children at the age of 5 or 6 painting flowers, fish and animals skillfully and confidently; in a second example, calligraphers 9 and 10 years old were producing works; and in a third, young artists work on perfecting their craft for several hours a day.10. Americans think that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge, and skills can be picked up later. Chinese think that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity.11. This is mainly due to the difference in their way of thinking.12. The author makes the suggestion that we shouldstrike a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1) The text begins with an anecdote.2) His thoughts are mainly about different approaches to learning in China and the West.3) He winds up the text with a suggestion in the form of a question.2. Chinese1) Show a child how to do something, or tech by holding the hand2) Give greater priority to developing skills at an early age, believing that creativity can be promoted over timeAmericans1) Teach children that they should rely on themselves for solutions to problems2) Put more emphasis on fostering creativity in young children, thinking skills can be picked up later Language Sense Enhancement(2) value originality and independence(3) contrast between(4) in terms of(5) harbor(6) fearful(7) comparable(8) promote creativity(9) emerge(10) picked upLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1) insert2) on occasion3) investigate4) In retrospect5) initial6) phenomena7) attached8) make up for10) not; in the least11) promote12) emerged2.1) a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south.2) is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3) as a financial center has evolved slowly.4) is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5) by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines.3.1) be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating2) somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to3) assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superiorII1.1) continual2) continuous3) continual2.1) principal2) principal3) principle4) principles5) principalIII1. themselves2. himself/herself3. herself/by herself/on her own4. itself5. ourselves6. yourself/by yourself/on your own Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1) contrast(2) exaggerating(3) priority(4) on the other hand(5) promoting(6) pick up(7) assist(8) accomplish(9) occasion(10) neglecting(11) worthwhile(12) superior2.0-(2) perform(3) facing(4) competent(5) equipped(6) designed(7) approach(8) rest(9) definitely(10) qualityII. translation1.(1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.(2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.(3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.(4) Assuming this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy it?(5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.2.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.Unit2 ValuesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. The Salvation Army is a religious charitable organization. A Salvation Army bell ringer is a volunteer who help it collect donations.2. The boy asked him: Are you poor? He did it simply out of confusion and curiosity. Obviously he knew nothing about the Salvation Army bell ringer.3. He said, “I have more than some people, but not as much as others.”This means that he was neither poor nor rich.4. The boy’s mother scolded him because the question was social inappropriate, especially to a person who looked poor.5. Yes, economically he is poor. He lives in a small basement apartment. He doesn’t even have a color TV. He falls into the lowest income category. And so on.6. No, the writer does not feel poor. This is because he has enjoyed good health and creativity which he thinks are much more important than material goods.7. He feels out of place among people who are primarily interested in material things.8. She told him that she was interested in what’s on the inside. but after he took her to his poorly furnished apartment, she changed her mind completely.9. It only shows that to her the most important thing was still material goods rather than what she had claimed before.10. Commercial can put people under pressure to purchase more than is really necessary.11. Because December is the time for to work for the Salvation Army as a bell ringer, which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and brings him happiness in helping others.12. The boy’s question has helped the writer realize that, despite his lack of expensive possessions, he is rich in many other ways and should be thankful for that.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1) a.√2) the essay is meant to explain something that is, the author’s view of life.3) That one can live a life full of riches withoutbeing rich financially.2.Part One: The writer’s encounter with a boy who raised the question “are you poor?”Part Two: In search of an answer the writer finds that not having expensive possessions doesn’t make him feel poor mainly because he enjoys life in many other ways.Part Three: In conclusion, the writer thinks he’s grown to understand more about himself because of the boy’s question.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) attain(2) wear and tear(3) dependable(4) modest(5) primarily(6) minimal(7) exceptionally(8) illness-free(9) spirited(10) energizingLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1) abrupt2) emotional3) bless4) wear and tear5) dated6) consequences7) seemingly8) in contrast to9) Curiosity10) genuine11) primarily12) sentiments2.1) confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first.2) vital to the existence of all forms of life.3) some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up on the subject.4) nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5) tickled him to think that she’d come to ask his advice3.1) a lingering; fabricating; sentiments2) fill out; every item; vital; consequences3) be denied; tangible; cherish; attainII1. It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2. She arrived early and took a front row seat.3. Don’t take me for a fool.4. It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5. My uncle will take me (along on his trip) to the Arctic this summer.6. He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7. Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8. If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it. III1. hanging2. to give3. to return4. being praised5. not having written6. to say7. to open8. being helped Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1) well-off/affluent(2) dated(3) falling into(4) bracket(5) deny(6) tangible(7) pursuit(8) cherishes(9) out of place(10) abrupt(11) focus(12) donations2.(1) consume(2) fueled(3) annual(4) plain(5) physically(6) security(7) indicates(8) equally(9) traditional(10) followsIII. Translation1.1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried to meet our minimal needs.2.With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.Unit3 The Generation GapPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. There are seven characters---Father, Mother, Heidi, Diane, Sean, Restaurant Manager, and Mrs. Higgins.2. No. Because what he does usually ends up embarrassing them.3. To buy a guitar.4. To check if Sean was going to embarrass him.5. He knew his father was going to embarrass him.6. It was unnecessary and embarrassing.7. He wanted Dan to pressure his son into asking Diane to the senior prom.8. He would speak to his son and insist that the latter give Diane a call.9. She felt humiliated.10. Because the Thompson had just moved.11. He tried to let her know how exceptionally talenteda young woman Heidi was.12. Because she couldn’t bear being embarrassed by her father.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1. A fast-food restaurant2. The Thompson family dining room3. An office at a high school2.Scene One: Father embarrassed Sean by talking too proudly to the restaurant manager.Scene Two: Father embarrassed Diane by persuading a colleague into pressing his son to ask her to the senior prom.Scene Three: Father embarrassed Heidi by boating to an official at her new school about how talented she was. Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) once in a while(2) for(3) the problem(4) he thinks(5) humiliated(6) class president(7) have(8) Actually(9) stop to think(10) interferenceLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1) typical2) dumb3) junior4) glorious5) welfare6) came over7) interference8) fading9) narrowed down10) frank11) schemes12) at any rate2.1) consists of five generals and four police officers.2) will be in a location overlooking the lake.3) was humiliated by her comments about my family background in front of so many people.4) have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer?5) was exhausted after the long cycle ride.3.1) hysterical; was handed down by; should have known better than2) twisted; over and over; talented son3) patience; not to keep him in suspense; assured; repeatedlyII. Collocation1. adequate2. anxious3. certain4. content5. crazy6. likely7. fortunate8. keenIII. Usage1. be admitted2. live3. be postponed4. buy5. be banned6. beComprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1) typical(2) welfare(3) constant(4) frank(5) talent(6) dumb(7) know better than that(8) repeatedly(9) dread(10) interference(11) bet(12) assure2.(1) despite(2) really(3) same(4) contact(5) admitted(6) attempt(7) not(8) tend(9) different(10) mannerII. Translation1.(1) Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?(2) The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.(3) Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.(4) A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.(5) Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.2.George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in afrank manner what they were thinking. Mr. Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue. As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.”In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates.Unit4 The Virtual WorldPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. She used to be a television producer, but now she is a writer.2. She writes and edits articles online, submits them via email, and communicates with colleagues via the Internet, too.3. She could stay computer-assisted at home for weeks, going out only t get mail, newspapers and groceries.4. They feel as if they had become one with the computer, and life seems to be unreal.5. That people who grew used to a virtual life would feel an aversion to outside forms of socializing.6. She gets overexcited, speaks too much, and interrupts others.7. She is bad-tempered, easily angered, and attacks everyone in sight, all because she has long become separated from others and lacks emotional face-to-face exchanges with people.8. She fights her boyfriend, misinterpreting his intentions because of the lack of emotional cues given by their typed dialogue.9. Because we rely on co-works for company.10. She calls people, arrangers to meet the few friends remaining in the City, gets to the gym, arranges interviews for stories, doctor’s appointments---anything to get her out of the house and connected with others.11. No, she doesn’t feel happy. She feels being face to face is intolerable.12. She makes her excuses and flees, re-enters her apartment, runs to the computer, clicks on the modem, and disappears into the virtual world again.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1. 2-32. 1,4-10,133. 114. 122.The first paragraph describes the consequences of living a virtual life and the last tells of the author’s escape back into it. Together, they bring out the dilemma people at present are in: Because of modern technology, we have a choice between a virtual life and real life, but find both unsatisfactory.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) routine(2) for company(3) unemployment(4) externally(5) drug abuse(6) restore(7) fled(8) gym(9) set apart(10) appointmentsVocabularyI1.1) conversely2) but then3) symptom4) spitting5) abusing6) tone7) took; in8) editing9) have arranged10) in sight11) stretched12) data2.1) smoking cigarettes jars on me.2) find themselves getting sucked in.3) has arranged for a technician from the computerstore to check and repair it.4) fled their country to avoid military service/fled to other countries to avoid military service.5) restore people’s confidence in it.3.1) the virtual; on line; via2) nightmare; routine; any appointment; arrange for3) cue; remarks; his tuneII. Collocation1. We came here all the way on foot.2. Private cars are not allowed on campus.3. They are on vacation in Florida.4. Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5. Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.6. Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.III. Usage1. hard2. difficult3. impossible4. tough5. hard6. easy Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1) Internet(2) click(3) virtual(4) routines(5) arrange(6) nightmare(7) annoying(8) connection(9) crawls(10) take in(11) spit(12) data(13) sucked into(14) At times(15) flee(16) on line2.(1) companion(2) deliver(3) access(4) enables(5) customers(6) delights(7) provides(8) small(9) remote(10) informationII. Translation1.1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A show Internet connection speed is really annoying.3) As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4) In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.2.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit5 Overcoming ObstaclesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. Because the pole was set at 17 feet which was three inches higher than his personal best.2. Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with the strength of a body builder.3. His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous stories about flying when he was growingup.4. Because he believed in hard work and sweat. His motto: If you want something, work for it!5. Michael's mother wished he could relax a bit more and be that "free dreaming" little boy. On one occasion she attempted to talk to him and his father about this, but his dad quickly interrupted, smiled and said, "You want something, work for it!"6. He began a very careful training program.7. He seemed unaware of the fact that he had just beaten his personal best by three inches. He was very calm.8. He began to feel nervous when the bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best.9. What his mother had taught him about how to deal with tension or anxiety helped him overcome his nervousness.10. The singing of some distant birds in flight made him associate his final jump with his childhood dream.11. He could imagine the smile on his mother’s face. He thought his father was probably smiling too, even laughing. However, in fact, his father hugged his wife and cried like a baby in her arms.12. Because he was blind.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: Michael faced the most challenging competition in his pole-vaulting career.Part Two: Michael’s childhood was marked with dreams and tough training.Part Three: Michael topped his personal best, won the championship and set a new world record.2.(1) It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying as high as a two-story building is a mere fantasy to anyone watching such an event.As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.(2) All of Michael’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) startled(2) bale of hay(3) off(4) intensity(5) shaking the tension(6) tense(7) description(8) out of nowhere(9) pictured(10) scaredVocabularyI1.1) startled2) mere3) motion4) sweating5) stretched out6) vain7) On the occasion8) anxiety9) emotions10) ashamed of11) In my mind’s eye12) recurring2.1) coincides with her husband’s.2) sends the prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3) of alternate sunshine and rain.4) have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.5) Tension came over her3.1) media; dedication to; grace2) his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3) emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII. Collocation1. Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community.2. In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her education to acquire still another degree.3. There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safeguard thewelfare of animals.4. Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.5. Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6. Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent. III. Words with Multiple Meanings1. I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4. The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6. To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the new products doesn’t work at all.7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’t know how to learn.8. The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it.Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1) In my mind’s eye(2) groan(3) competitor(4) intensity(5) anxiety(6) tense(7) sweat(8) tension(9) soaring(10) recurring(11) brought me back to earth(12) fantasy(13) sweat(14) congratulate(15) number(16) media2.(1) engineer(2) forget(3) convinced(4) how(5) build(6) accident(7) thought(8) only(9) sharp(10) touched(11) instructions(12) finallyII. Translation1.1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artisticmerit sometimes coincide.5) I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”Unit6 Women, Half the SkyPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1. They liked girly toys such as a miniature kitchen, and Barbies.2. To convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle.3. Because she didn’t know anything about cars and was afraid of being cheated by the mechanic.4. She was craving independence and wanted to live away from home for some time.5. It helped her earn six engineering credits, which of course made it easier for her to become an engineering major.6. Five years.7. In her view, if you find a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you’re not good at it. It just means you have to set your mind and work harder to get good at it.8. Because he had confidence in her abilities believing she could have done better if she had studied more.9. No, she wasn’t always confident. She had moments of panic, worried that as a woman she would be unable to understand thermodynamics.10. She considers it wrong because it is based on a faulty premise.11. It is flexible and more powerful than we imagine.12. What she means is not to accept others’opinions blindly but to use one’s own judgment.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: The author describes how she stumbled into engineering.Part Two: The author writes about how she has overcome obstacles, including the bias against women, on her way to success.Part Three: The author draws the conclusion that women can do anything men can so long as they believe in their own abilities.2.1) she was not a tomboy.not to an engineering department.she didn’t know the first thing about engineering. because she craved independence from her parents. already earned her six credits in engineering.2) math and design.she participated in a national competition to convert anSUV into a hybrid electric vehicle.work harder at it.that she should study more.had to work hard at courses she found difficult, which encouraged her to keep going.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) limit(2) denying(3) favor(4) others(5) relevant(6) translating(7) hard and fast conclusions(8) focus(9) incredibly flexible(10) consider the possibilityVocabularyI1.1) cultural/culture2) indication3) miniature4) ironic5) stumbled into6) decent7) buzzing8) abnormal9) mechanical10) Shuddering11) implied12) leap2.1) convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office at the airport.2) didn’t know the first thing about cooking as she looked puzzled as to how to cook rice with the rice cooker.3) their faulty equipment the team had accomplished some very useful work.4) allowing me to work flexible hours as long as I work eight hours a day.5) couldn’t help thinking the book must be quite。
(完整word版)全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2课后练习答案
（完整word版）全新版⼤学英语（第⼤版）综合教程2课后练习答案Key t o Exercises o f C ollege English B ook 2Unit 1★Text AVocabularyI.1.1) insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not…in the least 11) promote 12) emerged2. 1) There is a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and thesouth.2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3) The city’s importance as a financial center has evolved slowly.4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into someEnglish magazines.3. 1) be picked up, can’t accomplish, am exaggerating2) somewhat, performance, have neglected, they apply to3) assist, O n t he other h and, a re v alid, a s uperiorII.1. 1) continual 2) continuous 3) continual 4) continuous2. 1) principal 2) principal 3) principle 4) principles 5) principalIII.1. themselves2. himself/herself3. herself/by herself/on her own4. itself5. ourselves6. yourself/ by yourself/on your ownComprehensive ExerciseI. Cloze1. 1) contrast 2) exaggerating 3) priority 4) on the other hand 5) promoting 6) pick up 7) assist 8) accomplish 9) on occasion 10) neglecting 11) worthwhile 12) superior2. 1) end 2) perform 3) facing 4) competent 5) equipped6) designed 7) approach 8) rest 9) definitely 10) qualityII. Translation1.1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.2) Tom u sed to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front o fa large audience.3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.4) Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile tobuy/purchase it?5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.2. To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking.Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important.Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.★Text BComprehension check: c c d a c bLanguage Practice1.g h e c f a b d2.1) adopt 2) account 3) from your point of view 4) ended up 5) furthermore 6) fund7) annual 8) keeping track of 9) pace 10) intends11) perspective 12) deviseUnit 2★Text AVocabularyI. 1. 1) abrupt 2) emotional 3) bless 4) wear and tear 5) dated 6）consequences 7）seemingly 8) in contrast to 9) Curiosity 10) genuine11) primarily 12) sentiments2. 1) W hen you a re c onfronted with m ore t han o ne p roblem, t ry t o s olve t he e asiestone first.2) Water is vital to the existence of all forms of life.3) There is still some confusion among the students about what to do after classto follow up on the subject.4) As a person of s imple living habits, h e needs nothing more than a job and anapartment to be happy.5) It tickled him to think that she’d come to as his advice.3. 1) a lingering, fabricating, s entiments2) fill out, every item, vital, consequences3) be denied, tangible, cherish, attainII.1.It’s a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2.She arrived early and took a front row seat.3. Don’t take me for a f ool.4. It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5. My u ncle w ill t ake m e (along on h is t rip) t o t he Arctic t his s ummer.6.He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7.Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8.If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it.III.1. hanging2. to give3. to return4. being praised5. not having written6. to say7. to open8. being helpedComprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) well-off/affluent 2) dated 3) falling into 4) bracket 5) deny6) tangible 7) pursuit 8) cherishes 9) out of place 10) abrupt11) focus 12) donations2. 1) consume 2) fueled 3) annual 4) plain 5) physically 6) security7) indicates 8) equally 9) traditional 10) followsII. Translation1.1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.2. With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better offfinancially next y ear. W e w ill thus b e a ble t o focus o n t he most i mportant t ask that w e, e ducators, m ust t ake on: t o e ncourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.★Text BComprehension Check: b b d c d dLanguage Practice1. f c g e b a h d2.1) stunned 2) hold (fast) to 3) folks 4) generosity 5) discount 6) liable7) ranks 8) on the run 9) make up 10) blends in 11) by all accounts 12)comes into contact withUnit 3★Text AVocabularyI.1．1) typical 2)dumb 3) junior 4) glorious 5) welfare 6)came over 7) interference8) f ading 9) narrowed down 10) frank 11)schemes 12) at any rate2. 1) The Security council consists of five generals and four police officers.2) The new hotel will be in a location overlooking the lake.3) I was humiliated by her comments about my family background in front of so many people.4) Do you have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer?5) the boy was exhausted after the long cycle ride.3. 1) hysterical; was handed down; should have known better than2) twisted, over and over, talented son3) patience, not to keep him in suspense, assured, repeatedlyII.1. adequate2. anxious3. certain4. content5. crazy6. likely7. fortunate8. keen III.1. be admitted2. live3. be postponed4. buy5. be banned6. be Comprehensive ExerciseI. 1. 1) typical 2) welfare 3) constant 4) frank 5) talent 6) dumb7) know better than that 8) repeatedly 9) dread 10) interference 11) bet 12) assure2. 1) despite 2) really 3) same 4) contact 5) admitted 6) attempt7) not 8) tend 9) different 10) mannerII. Translation1. 1) Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?2) The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear powerplant to two coastal towns.3) Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.4) A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.5) Sean felt humiliated ti hear his talent being questioned.2. George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings,which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr.Johnson to tell him in a frank manner w hat t hey were thinking. M r. Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue. As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.”In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates.★Text BComprehension Check: b a b c d aLanguage Practice1. d e f g a b h c2. 1) and he like 2) popularity 3) had been kept in the dark 4) define 5) was aware of6)relate 7) were up to 8) trend 9)opportunity 10)mobile 11)comments12) interviewedUnit 4★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) conversely 2). but then 3) symptom 4) spitting 5) abusing 6) tone7) took…in8) editing 9) have arranged 10) in sight 11) stretched 12) data 2. 1) The sight of teenagers smoking cigarettes jars on me.2) A lot of American teenagers don’t like street gangs, but they find themselves gettingsucked in.3) Jeffrey’s computer crashed again this morning. The manager has arranged for atechnician from the computer store to check and repair it.4) During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fled their country to avoid militaryservice/fled to other countries to avoid military service.5) The new government is planning an anti-corruption campaign so as to restore people’sconfidence in it.3. 1) the virtual, on line, via 2) nightmare, routine, any appointment, arrange for3) cue, remarks, his tuneII. 1. We came here all the way on foot.2. Private cars are not allowed on campus.3. They are on vocation in Florida.4. Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5. Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.6. Industrial demand on fuel is on the r ise.III. 1. hard 2. difficult 3. impossible 4. tough 5. hard 6. easyComprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) internet 2) click 3) virtual 4) routines 5) arrange 6) nightmare 7) annoying 8)connection 9) crawls 10) take in 11) spit 12) data 13) sucked into 14) At times 15) flee 16) on line2. 1) companion 2) deliver 3) access 4) enables 5) customers 6) delights 7) provides 8)small 9) remote 10) informationII. Translation1. 1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A slow Internet connecting speed is really annoying.3) As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4) In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.2. Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that theInternet has made my job a lot easier. I can write，submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.★Text BComprehension Check: c a a b d cLanguage Practice1．d e a c b f g h2.1) vehicle 2) hooked on 3)intense 4)worldwide 5)overnight 6)slipped7) on the whole 8) called forth 9) outwards 10)Needless to say 11) to myknowledge 12) On top of t hatUnit 5★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) startled 2) mere 3) motion 4) sweating 5) stretched 6) vain 7) On one occasion 8) anxiety 9) emotions 10) ashamed 11) In my mind’s eye 12)recurring2. 1) Mrs. White’s birthday coincides with her husband’s.2) They make big profits on the stuff they sell by creating an artificial shortage, which send sthe prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3) It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain.4) Politics and philosophy have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics atuniversity.5) Tension came over her, as she waited for her first TV interview.3. 1) media, dedication to, grace 2) his competitors, in excitement, hug him, congratulate him on 3) emotions, numerous, intensity, passion forII.1.Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community.2.In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue hereducation to acquire still another degree.3. There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility tosafeguard the welfare of animals.4. Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them theidea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.5. Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6.Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III.1.I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2. Florence has worked as cleaner at the factory for five years.3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4.The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6. To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the new products doesn’t work at all.7.The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’t know how to learn.8.The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it.Comprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) In my mind’s eye 2) groan 3) competitor 4) intensity 5) anxiety 6) tense7) sweat 8) tension 9) soaring 10) recurring 11) brought me back to earth12) fantasy 13) sweat 14) congratulate 15) numerous 16) media2. 1) engineer 2) forget 3) convinced 4) how 5) build 6) accident7) thought 8)only 9) sharp 10) touched 11) instructions 12) finallyII. Translation1. 1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the companyinto a profitable business.2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of he office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5) I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2. Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedilyfrom negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider t he case of/Take Donna, H er s on unfortunately died in a car a ccident. T he intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”★Text BComprehension Check: b c b b c aLanguage Practice1. a e d c b h f g2.1) aid 2) inclined 3) in good health 4) shortcomings 5) penetrated6) dismiss 7)has suffered from 8)progressive 9)optimistic 10)to a degree 11)hold on to12)installUnit 6★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) culture/cultural 2) indication 3) miniature 4) ironic 5) stumbled into 6) decent7) buzzing 8) abnormal 9) mechanical 10) Shuddering 11) implied 12) leap2. 1) You can convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office a the airport.2) I f igured s he d idn’t k now the f irst t hing a bout c ooking a s she l ooked p uzzled a s t o h ow tocook rice with the rice cooker.3) The manager glowed with pleasure upon hearing that in spite of their faulty equipment theteam had accomplished some very useful work.4) I’m g rateful t o m y c ompany f or a llowing m e t o w ork f lexible h ours a s l ong a s I w ork e ighthours a day.5) On seeing the comments made in the margins by previous readers, Tom couldn’t helpthinking the book must be quite fascinating.3. 1) will not panic/feel panic, ’ll be at a disadvantage 2) hybrid, transmission3) crave, One indication, to distinguishII. 1. also 2. as well/too 3. too 4. also 5. as well/too 6. too 7. also 8. AlsoIII. 1. I’ve had enough 2. When I was old enough to work and earn money3. can’t get enough sleep at night4. has so far collected enough of them5. have strong enough arms6. have j ust e nough m oney t o l ive onComprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) stumbled into 2) not know the first thing about 3) mechanical 4) when it comes to5) hybrid 6) gritted her teeth 7) premise 8) at a disadvantage 9) panic 10) cultural 11) flexible 12) imply2. 1) chair 2) force 3) secrets 4) painstaking 5) recognized 6) steered 7) essentially 8) observation 9) women 10) tutor 11) inspired 12) unlessII. Translation1. 1) He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing a computer games, he is far tooclever for his classmates.2) Children who don’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and startplaying with them.3) There is no way to obtain a loan, so to buy the new equipment, I will just have to grit myteeth and sell my hybrid car.4) The h unter w ould not h ave fired the s hots i f h e hadn’t s een a h erd o f e lephants c omingtowards his campsite.5) I f ind it i ronic that T om has a selective memory --- he does not s eem t o remember p ainfulexperiences in the past, particularly those of his own doing.2. Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT. She craves knowledge and works hard.However, as a scientist, she could not help noticing all kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus. Men and women professors did the same work, but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective. It was ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institutions of higher education. When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight. So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President. The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equality advocate.★Text BComprehension Check: b a d b d c aLanguage Practice1. b d a e g c f h2.1) crisis 2) weighed down 3) supportive 4) takes all the credit 5) pleaded6) in control of 7) party 8) expense 9) lives for 10) semester11) at every opportunity 12) stirUnit 7★Text AVocabularyI.1. 1) S trictly s peaking 2) d rifted 3) r esembles 4) i nvaded 5) i s c onquered 6) f ascinating 7) s nack 8) p ut…into practice 9) source 10) climate 11) surrendered 12) were aroused2. 1) an absolute necessity rather than a luxury 2) is a valuable addition to the football team.3) will get out of control, if the firemen do not arrive within ten minutes.4) alternative but to g via Vancouver to get to Seattle5) declared a ll b eef i mports w ill b e banned f or t he next s ix months as a n e mergency m easure t ostop the spread of mad c ow disease.3. 1) systematic, have invented, to a very real extent, mysteries2) to establish, to be modifies/ modifying 3) tolerance towards, strike out, enrichII. 1. a) wish b) wish c) want d) want/wish 2. a) skin b) hide/skin c) hide d) skin3. a) raise/rear b) raise c) rear/raise d) raise4. a) royal b) kingly/royal c) sovereignd) royal/kinglyIII. 1. Indeed 2. though 3. Frankly 4. Moreover 5. To my knowledge6. however7. nevertheless8. Yet9. instead 10) in other words Comprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) fascinating 2) tolerance 3) invented 4) addition 5) ban 6) corrupt7) out of control 8) influenced 9) elite 10)came up with 11) establishing12) Massive 13）sources 14）enrich2. 1) early 2) similar 3) source 4) observation 5) examine6) features 7) declared 8) stronger 9) accident 10) sprungII. Translation1. 1) Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect.2) On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown.3) He paused for effect, then said:“We can reach/enter these markets through new channels.”4) The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents.5) We have no way to protect our personal liberties until we have established a sovereignstate,/We can’t protect our personal liberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereign state.2. Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to manypeople，linguists believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source: the Indo-European parent language. English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who invaded England in the fifth century. They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English. In over fifteen centuries of its development, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing. As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language : American English. Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.★Text BComprehension Check: c c c d b dLanguage Practice1. g e d c b h f a2. 1) give way to 2) predict 3) substantial 4) integrate 5) in transition 6) aspect7) to name a few 8) authority 9) dominate 10) had contributed to 11) unique12) rid yourself ofUnit 8VocabularyI. 1) barking 2) evil 3) brooding, hatched 4) migrant 5) tragedies 6) counterpart7) are complaining/complain 8) grim 9) flocks, fed on 10) vegetation11) patches 12) Scores of2. 1) was lined with people who came to welcome the distinguished foreign guests2) the boss silenced all lively conversation in the office3) wearing a pair of sun glasses, the famous movie star passed the crowded unnoticed.4) looked deserted 5) were stricken by i t3. 1) patches, came into full bloom, were puzzled, mysterious2) throbbed with, sickened, migrant, a chorus 3) had crept into. Flickered, the starkII. 1. age-old, air force, daughter-in-law, first-rate, greenhouse, half brother, ice-cream, lifelike, light year, salesperson, self- centered, threefold, overuse, stone-still, worldwide2.1) poverty-stricken people 2) heart-breaking news 3) newly-built 4) well-fed kids5) successful spacewalk 6) peace-loving 7) need-based scholarships 8) color-blindpeopleIII. 1. lying 2. laid 3. lay 4. lain 5. lie 6. lay 7. lie 8. lay 9. lay 10. lies Comprehensive ExerciseI.1. 1) spell 2) stricken 3) misfortunes 4) surroundings 5) blossom/bloom 6) migrant7)deserted 8) silence 9) sickened 10) hatch 11) puzzled 12) in harmony with2. 1) rate 2) publication 3) dangerous 4) banned 5) export6) profit 7) accept 8)comprehend 9) boundaries 10) ultimatelyII. Translation1.1) This is a prosperous town, but there is still poverty in the midst of wealth and abundance.2) The Brown family was stricken with one misfortune after another, but their children nevercomplained.3) The m useum i s d esigned i n such a w ay that i t s tands i n p erfect h armony w ith i tssurroundings.4) It was a miracle that these flowers did not wither at all in the blazing sun.5) Flocks of sheep feed on the patches of vegetation that rise above the winter snow.2. This village was once famous for its beautiful natural surroundings. All the year round,the trees were green and the flowers in bloom. Clear streams flowed out of the hills through a checkerboard of rice fields. Birds sang all day, and deer came and went in a leisurely manner.However, w ith the coming of D DT and other pesticides, a n evil spell seemed to have settled over the village. M isfortunes came one after another. Chicken died suddenly, cattle and sheep were stricken by mysterious maladies, and farmers complained about a sickening feeling that puzzled the village doctor. The village square, once throbbing with life, was now deserted.★Text BComprehension Check: b d a b b cLanguage Practice1. c d g a h b e f2.1) adapt 2) injured 3) immune 4) hostile 5) gives out 6) slight 7) take up8) significance 9) for the most part 10) deliberate 11)span 12) get caught up in。
大学英语写作教程答案大学英语写作教程蔡基刚
大学英语写作教程答案大学英语写作教程蔡基刚蔡基刚这个人，它有编写过一本书籍是专门针对我们大学生的英语写作的，我们来了解了解。
下面是WTT给大家整理的蔡基刚大学英语写作教程，供大家参阅!蔡基刚大学英语写作教程介绍《大学英语写作教程》除了介绍英语写作基本理论和各种文体作文的写法外，另外还有三章介绍命题写作、图表写作和信函写作。
分析了大学英语四、六级考试作文、硕士研究生入学考试作文、托福考试作文、爱普考试作文和雅思考试作文等的命题题型、特点以及应试技巧。
并且考虑到学生在学习和工作中的需要，还介绍了常用的英语书信写法。
《大学英语写作教程》共18章，可供一个学期36课时使用。
一般按章的顺序实施教学。
但也可以根据需要进行选择。
尤其是第5章“词的变化”，第10章“句型变化”和第15章“修饰运用”，可先可后。
各章中对“语言”部分的讲授更是可以结合讲评学生习作，穿插进行。
蔡基刚大学英语写作教程简介《大学英语写作教程》除了用三章篇幅真心诚意让讨论词和句子的使用和表达外，在每章后还另辟了一个“语言”板块，用经比较英语言不同的表达特点并讨论学会地道的英语表达。
蔡基刚大学英语写作教程目录第1章段落的构筑1.写作分析：Our Changing Lifestyle: Trends and Fads1.1 段落的组成1.2 主题句2.语言：动态动词的使用3.练习第2章段落的发展1.写作分析：Daydream a Little1.1 统一性1.2 连贯性1.3 发展性2.语言：形合和意合3.练习第3章开头和结尾1.写作分析：Turning Failure into Success1.1 引言部分1.2 结尾部分2.语言:抽象名词表达3.练习第4章篇章的连贯1.写作分析：Nerds and Geeks 1.1 首尾句呼应1.2 中心思想串联1.3 主题句的关联1.4 过渡段的使用2.语言：抽象化表达3.练习第5章词汇的变化1.写作分析：How to Bee Gifted?1.1 同义词1.2 近义词1.3 派生词1.4 上下义词1.5 具体与笼统关系1.6 同义结构2.练习第6章正文的发展1.写作分析：The Fifth Freedom 1.1 一致性1.2 层次性1.3 发展性2.语言：非人称表达3.练习第7章叙述性作文1.写作分析：The Present1.1 主题1.2 视角1.3 背景1.4 顺序1.5 情节1.6 伏笔1.7 象征2.语言：词的效果3.练习第8章原因性作文1.写作分析：Why They Excel?1.1 原因性结构1.2 分析性结构1.3 综合性结构2.语言：副词、形容词的运用3.练习第9章比较性作文1.写作分析：Methods of Education：East and West1.1 两种基本方法1.2 两种基本结构2.语言：减少动词使用3.练习第10章句型变化1.写作分析：Winstorn Churchill-His Other Life1.1 句子开头变化1.2 句子结构变化1.3 句子长短变化2.练习第11章评论性作文1.写作分析：College Lectures：Is Anybody Listening?1.1 反对写法1.2 赞成写法1.3 平衡写法1.4 给编辑写信2.语言：多种表达法3.练习第12章辩驳性作文1.写作分析：Ditch the Calculator2.语言：树型结构3.练习第13章方法介绍性作文1.写作分析：Plain Talk about Handl ing Stress 1.1 引言部分：重要性1.2 正文部分：操作步骤2.语言：表达顺序3.练习第14章信函作文1.写作分析：An Exchange of Letters1.1 公务信函1.2 求职信1.3 简历1.4 询问信1.5 备忘录2.语言：语体意义3.练习第15章修辞运用1.写作分析：What Makes a Leader?1.1 比喻1.2 叠言1.3 平行句1.4 设问句2.语言：文化内涵第16章命题作文1.写作分析：Essay Questjon1.1 四、六级考试作文1.2 硕士研究生入学考试作文1.3 托福考试作文1.4 爱普考试作文1.5 雅思考试作文1.6 评分标准1.7 应试技巧2.语言：主题主语3.练习第17章图表作文1.写作分析：Population Growth and WildIife 1.1 图表1.2 图画2.语言：词语搭配3.练习第18章学术写作1.写作分析：Physical Effects of Ma州uana Use 1.1 论文1.2 摘要3.练习参考文献看过蔡基刚大学英语写作教程的人还看了：1.大学英语写作教程怎么考试2.大学英语基础写作教程3.大学英语写作课怎么上4.大学英语记叙文的写作5.大学英语写作方法。
上海交通大学英语综合教程2blanks filling答案
上海交通大学英语综合教程2blanks filling答案1、He kept walking up and down, which was a sure（）that he was very worried. [单选题] *A. sign(正确答案)B. characterC. natureD. end2、I _______ no idea of where the zoo is. [单选题] *A. thinkB. getC. have(正确答案)D. take3、6．Hi, boys and girls. How are you ________ your posters for the coming English Festival at school? [单选题] *A．getting onB．getting offC．getting with (正确答案)D．getting4、I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don't have enough money to buy _____. [单选题] *A. it(正确答案)B. oneC. thisD. that5、--Jimmy, you are supposed to?_______ your toys now.--Yes, mom. [单选题] *A. put upB. put onC. put away(正确答案)D. put down6、He is a student of _______. [单选题] *A. Class SecondB. the Class TwoC. Class Two(正确答案)D. Second Two7、75．Why not________ for a walk? [单选题] *A．go out(正确答案)B．to go outC．going outD．goes out8、I hope to see you again _______. [单选题] *A. long long agoB. long beforeC. before long(正确答案)D. long9、During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat _______ as a traditional Chinese food. [单选题] *A. pizzaB. dumplings(正确答案)C. hamburgersD. noodles10、If you pass your exams, we’ll have a party to celebrate. [单选题] *A. 宣布B. 发表C. 解放D. 庆祝(正确答案)11、The rain is very heavy _______ we have to stay at home. [单选题] *A. butB. becauseC. so(正确答案)D. and12、I will _______ from Hunan University next year. [单选题] *A. learnB. studyC. graduate(正确答案)D. come13、—_____ are the Olympic Games held? —Every four years [单选题] *A. How longB. How often(正确答案)C. How soonD. How far14、( ) .Would you please ______me the gifts from your friends? [单选题] *A.to showB. showingC. show(正确答案)D. shown15、You needn’t _______ me. I’m old enough to take care of myself. [单选题] *A. worry about(正确答案)B. write downC. put awayD. wake up16、40．—________ apples do we need to make fruit salad?—Let me think…We need three apples. [单选题] *A．How longB．How oftenC．How muchD．How many(正确答案)17、--What are the young people doing there？--They are discussing how to _______?the pollution in the river. [单选题] *A. come up withB. talk withC. deal with(正确答案)D. get on with18、The hall in our school is _____ to hold 500 people. [单选题] *A. big enough(正确答案)B. enough bigC. very smallD. very big19、The market economy is quickly changing people’s idea on_____is accepted. [单选题] *A.what(正确答案)B.whichC.howD.that20、( ) No matter _____ hard it may be, I will carry it out. [单选题] *A whatB whateverC how(正确答案)D however21、I don’t think he will take the case seriously,_____? [单选题] *A.don’t IB.won’t heC.does heD.will he(正确答案)22、The carbon we produce when we breathe is much less than（）produced by a car. [单选题] *A. oneB. itC. that(正确答案)D. those23、It’s raining outside. Take an _______ with you. [单选题] *A. cashB. life ringC. cameraD. umbrella(正确答案)24、He was very excited to read the news _____ Mo Yan had won the Nobel Prize for literature [单选题] *A. whichB. whatC. howD. that(正确答案)25、One effective（）of learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context. [单选题] *A. approach(正确答案)B. wayC. mannerD. road26、I didn't hear _____ because there was too much noise where I was sitting. [单选题] *A. what did he sayB. what he had said(正确答案)C. what he was sayingD. what to say27、A survey of the opinions of students（）that they admit several hours of sitting in front of the computer harmful to health. [单选题] *A. show；areB. shows ；is(正确答案)C.show；isD.shows ；are28、77．–Hey! Any idea about learning abroad? --You （)google the College Board to learn the names of college you ____ be interested in [单选题] *A. may;needB. can; might (正确答案)C. will; shouldD. shall; must29、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.（）[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her30、Her （）for writing was that she wished women to get the right to higher education. [单选题] *A. motivation(正确答案)B. motivateC. effectD. concentration。
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综合学术英语教程2 答案Unit 1 Multidisciplinary EducationKeys to the ExercisesApproaching the Topic1. 1) The aim of college education is to produce individuals who are well on their way to becomeexperts in their field of interest.2) The growing importance of producing professionals who have the skills to work with peoplefrom a diverse set of disciplines.3) First, through an interdisciplinary approach; Second, through a multidisciplinary approach.4) College education should produce individuals who may later become expert who areinterdisciplinary problem solvers.2. 1) f 2) d 3) a 4) e 5) g 6) m 7) j 8) k 9) l 10) i 11) b 12) h 13) c4. (1) offered (2) stresses (3) ability (4) different (5) approach(6) increasingly (7) graduates (8) enter (9) positions (10) Employment6. 1) Multidisciplinary studies.2) They both believe that current college education should lay emphasis on multidisciplinarystudies, which is a prerequisite to producing future expert who are interdisciplinary problem solvers.3) Open.4) Open.5) Open.Reading about the Topic3. 1) The students have brought to MIT their individual gifts, such as their own intellect, energy,ideas, aspirations, distinctive life experience and point of view, etc.2) They represent the geographic and symbolic center of MIT.3) Names of intellectual giants.4) Leonardo da Vinci was a painter, scientist, engineer, sculptor, inventor, city planner andarchitect.4. Set 1: 1) c 2) e 3) d 4) h 5) a 6) g 7) f 8) bSet 2: 1) e 2) a 3) h 4) b 5) c 6) f 7) d 8) g5. (b) Para. A (b) Para. B (a) Para. C (c) Para. D(f) Para. E (e) Para. F (d) Para. G (g) Para. A6. 1) Because for him, the simplicity he appreciated in nature became his ultimate standard indesign.2) First was da Vinci’s complete disregard for the accepted boundaries between different f ieldsof knowledge. The second facet of da Vinci’s character was his respect for and fascination with nature. The third quality of da Vinci’s character was an enthusiastic demand forhands-on making, designing, practicing and testing, and for solving problems in the real world.3)“There is a good chance that you will never again live and work in a community with as manydifferent cultures and backgrounds as MIT.”(Para. F)4) Because by doing so, the students can engage themselves in new intellectual adventures so as to use their time at MIT to its fullest potential.5) It means that “They took the initiative to search for the deepest answers, instead of sitting backand letting things happen to them.”7. Set 1: 1) h 2) d 3) a 4) g 5) f 6) e 7) b 8) cSet 2: 1) c 2) g 3) d 4) a 5) h 6) f 7) e 8) b8. 1) She wanted to describe for the new students three of his characteristics that particularly f itwith the value of MIT.2) Because by doing so, the students can encounter the most stimulating minds and inspiringrole models, experience a life in a community with diversif ied cultures and backgrounds and participate in various new intellectual adventures, so that they can get the most out of their MIT education.3) The three of Da Vinci’s characteristics will be the heritage of MIT to be inherited by thestudents. She hoped that the new students would follow Da Vinci as well as a great many extraordinary MIT teachers as their role models to use their time to its fullest potential.4) Multidisciplinary thinking is a mode of thinking that goes beyond disciplinary boundaries inorder to gain new ideas and fresh perspectives.9. 1) Human ingenuity will never devise any inventions more beautiful, nor more simple, nor moreto the purpose than Nature does. (Para. A)2) For Da Vinci, the simplicity he appreciated in Nature became his ultimate standard in design.(Para. B)3) Be as determined in your curiosity as Leonardo da Vinci — and you will use your time atMIT to its fullest potential. (Para. F)4) MIT is a place of practical optimism and of passionate engagement with the most importantproblems of the world. (Para. G)5) I had long since observed that people of accomplishment rarely sat back and let thingshappen to them. (Para. H)10. Many scientists and engineers at MIT pursue simplicity in their design and development oftechnologies.Exploring the Topic4. 1) It is believed that a multidisciplinary approach to scientific education is of vital importance.2) Second, a multidisciplinary emphasis is believed to be a prerequisite to training individuals.3) It cannot be denied that these f irms are participating in turning out the future thinkers.4) How about examining our problems about science and technology from a liberal artsperspective.5) Surprisingly, however, our universities and colleges fail to switch from the conventionaldivisions and departmental sections to daily extracurricular multidisciplinary work.5. Reading 1 begins with a contrast —“College education has always had the responsibility to ...(5) The one-month intense training program prepared the team members well for possibleemergencies.(6) The audience was deeply impressed with the vigor and power of the speech delivered by the environmentalist.(7) This traveling experience will provide you with a rare opportunity to sample a different way oflife.(8) Using the limited time to its fullest potential is one of the must-have/required skills in adaptingto the fast-paced modern life.(9) More and more countries are bringing robots to bear on their various problems.(10) These students are encouraged from a very early age to follow their own boundless interestswell beyond the boundaries of conventional belief in obedient learning.8.A. (1) B (2) C (3) B (4) B (5) DB. As multidisciplinary design has become a trend in the industry, there is a need for more emphasis on multidisciplinary perspectives. Educational institutions should take their role in training individuals who can function in a collaborative environment and be prepared to face multifaceted projects that they may not have been exposed to. However, our universities and colleges fail to shift from traditional divisions and departmental sections to multidisciplinary work being practiced on a daily basis outside the classroom.C. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) TD. (1) what learning is about (2) be inquisitive (3) learn a new subject(4) analyze a new problem (5) teacher-taught (6) master-inspired(7) self-learner (8) the trap of dogma (9) no single simple answer(10) black and white (11) critical thinking (12) tolerant and supportive(13) a new thesis topic (14) flexibility (15) style of leadershipUnit 2 The Scientific MethodKeys to the ExercisesApproaching the Topic1. 1) The Scientific Method is a body of techniques for investigating phenomena and acquiring knowledge, as well as correcting/integrating previous knowledge. It involves gathering observable, empirical and measurable evidence, the collection of data through observation and experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses.2) Scientists put forward hypotheses to explain what is observed. They then conduct experiments to test these hypotheses. The steps taken in the experiment must be capable of replication and the results emerge as the same. What is discovered may lead to a new hypothesis.3) Scientists are human and can be unintentionally biased; total objectivity is impossible.4) Scientists are human and can be unintentionally biased. Science uses our senses and our senses can be mistaken. We can never understand something as it really is because our very presence affects what is being studied.5) ①Science is both a body of knowledge and a process.②Science is exciting.③Science is useful.④Science is ongoing.⑤Science is reliable.⑥Science is a community endeavor.2. 1) c 2) g 3) e 4) f 5) a 6) d 7) h 8) k 9) b 10) i 11) j4. (1) aspects (2) process (3) satisfy (4) technologies (5) puzzle(6) collection (7) evidence (8) ensure (9) diversity (10) professional6. 1) Science.2) It brings to mind many different pictures: white lab coats and microscopes, a scientist peeringthrough a telescope, the launch of the space shuttle, and so on.3) Science can discover the laws to understand the order of nature.4) Because it relies on a systems of checks and balances, which helps ensure that science movestowards greater accuracy and understanding, and this system is facilitated by diversity within the scientific community, which offers a range of perspectives on scientific ideas.5) Open.Reading about the Topic3. 1) The modern scientific method is characterized by confirmations and observations which “verified”the theories in question, but some genuinely testable theories, when found to be false, are still upheld by their admirers, which rescues the theory from refutation only at the price of destroying, or at least lowering, its scientific status.2) A theory which is not refutable by any conceivable event is non-scientific.3) Their theories were constantly verified by their clinical observations. They always fitted and were always confirmed.4) Light must be attracted by heavy bodies (such as the sun).5) There is the risk involved in a prediction: the theory is incompatible with certain possible results of observation — in fact with results which everybody before Einstein would have expected.4. Set 1: 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b 5) f 6) e 7) h 8) gSet 2: 1) b 2) e 3) a 4) f 5) d 6) c 7) h 8) g5. Para. A (b) Para. B (c) Para. C (e)Para. D (e) Para. E (a) Para. F (d)6. 1) Observations, hypotheses, and deductions, then conclusions.2) You will need to research everything that you can f ind about the problem.3) You shouldn’t change the hypothesis. Instead, try to explain what might have been wrongwith your original hypothesis.4) An important thing to remember during this stage of the scientific method is that once you develop a hypothesis and a prediction, you shouldn’t change it, even if the results of your experiment show that you were wrong.5) Because there is a chance that you made a miscue somewhere along the way.7. Set 1: 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b 5) f 6) e 7) h 8) gSet 2: 1) e 2) g 3) a 4) f 5) c 6) b 7) d 8) h8. 1) Observation, as the f irst stage of the scientific method, is a way of collecting information8) For many women success is often achieved at the price of their married life.9) Many attempts had been made before I successfully entered a key university.10) There is a good chance that it will turn fine tomorrow.8. A. (1) B (2) A (3) C (4) A (5) BB. Understanding scientific method is critical to your scientific endeavor. The scientificmethod is a series of steps that serve as guidelines for scientific efforts, and a tool thathelps scientists solve problems and determine answers to questions in a logical format.There are two forms of scientific method: the experimental method and the descriptivemethod. The former employs numerical data and graphs, used in physical sciences, while the latter gathers Information through visual observation and interviewing, employed inzoology and anthropology. The scientific method involves five steps, namely, identifying a problem, researching the problem, formulating a hypothesis, conducting an experiment and reaching a conclusion.C. (1) The process of science, in contrast to the linear steps of the simplified scientific method,is iterative.(2) Science circles back on itself so that useful ideas are built upon and used to learn evenmore about the natural world.(3) Gregor Mendel showed that inheritance is particulate that information is passed along indiscrete packets that cannot be diluted.(4) Any point in the process leads to many possible next steps, and where that next stepleads could be a surprise.(5) Science may involve many different people engaged in all sorts of different activities indifferent orders and at different points in time.D. (1) natural world (2) investigations (3) basic question(4) information (5) Experiments (6) detailed understanding(7) built upon (8) deepen and extend (9) in the process(10) testing (11) observation (12) new direction(13) in different orders (14) represent (15) less importantUnit 3 Ancient China’s Contribution to ScienceKeys to the ExercisesApproaching the Topic1. 1) Needham is the world’s famous Sinologist and author of Science and Civilization inChina.2) The European people just take these inventions for granted. All originated in China buthave long since been adopted by the West.3) They helped to inspire the European agricultural and industrial revolutions.4) It has won five literary awards in America and been translated into 43 languages.5) His book, The Spirit of Chinese Invention, was approved by the Chinese Ministry ofEducation for use in connection with the national secondary curriculum in China.2. 1) f 2) k 3) c 4) a 5) o 6) n 7) g 8) e9) d 10) m 11) i 12) h 13) j 14) l 15) b4. (1) credit (2) considerable (3) befriended (4) breakthroughs (5) thoroughly(6) flown (7) academic (8) embark (9) suggested (10) staff6. 1) The overlooked great breakthroughs in ancient China.2) Dr. Needham argued that a proper book on the history of Chinese science and technologywould have a wide bearing on the general history of thought and ideas.3) He helped to bring due credit to China’s overlooked contribution to scientific innovation.4) Yes, he does. Because he believed that a proper popular book would have a wide bearing on the general history of thoughts and ideas, which could not be possible if the book was too academic.Reading about the Topic3. 1) Both Westerners and Chinese people are ignorant of the fact that the West imported a lot ofinventions from ancient China.2) Because more than half of the basic inventions and discoveries upon which the“modernworld”rests come from China.3) Because they take many great achievements for granted, and even the Chinese themselveslost sight of the truth, so their western inheritors wouldn’t trouble themselves to know the truth.4) Because it is always more satisfying to the ego to think that they have reached theirpresent position alone and unaided, and that they are the proud masters of all abilities and all crafts.4. Set 1: 1) d 2) e 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) g 7) f 8) hSet 2: 1) d 2) g 3) e 4) h 5) b 6) a 7) c 8) f5. Para. A (e) Para. B (b) Para. C (f) Para. D (a) Para. E (a)Para. F (a) Para. G (c) Para. H (g) Para. I (h) Para. J (d)6. 1) The three inventions transform-ed completely the modern world and mark-ed it off fromthe ancient and the Middle Ages.2) The European agricultural revolution, which laid the basis for the Industrial Revolution,came about only because of the importation of Chinese ideas and inventions.3) The truth that half of the basic inventions and discoveries originated from China needs tobe imparted to schoolchildren. The purpose is to let them know the truth and then tobridge the chasm between the East and the West.4) The bureaucratic organization of China in its earlier stages strongly helped science togrow; only in its later ones did it inhibit further growth, and in particular prevented abreakthrough which has occurred in Europe.5) The author points out the reasons why China was developed in the past but backward atpresent and why the West was underdeveloped in the past but advanced at present.7. Set 1: 1) c 2) g 3) h 4) b 5) f 6) d 7) a 8) eSet 2: 1) c 2) d 3) g 4) e 5) a 6) b 7) f 8) h8. 1) The two readings both list a series of great inventions and discoveries that originated inancient China. Reading 1 tends to be factual, while Reading 2 is more critical of the factthat the Chinese are ignorant of their ancient achievements and the Westerners simply take them for granted.2) The argument in Reading 2 is more reasonable and acceptable since the author uses a lot ofexamples and examines the question from both the Chinese and Western perspectives to illustrate his point.3) Reading 2 holds more obvious negative attitudes towards Westerners.4) It would be better if the nations and the peoples of the world had a clearer understandingof each other, allowing the mental gap between East and West to be bridged. (Reading 2) The discoveries and inventions made in Europe in the seventeenth century and thereafter depended so much in so many cases on centuries of previous Chinese progress in science, technology and medicine. (Reading 3)9. 1) He regarded the origins of these inventions as “obscure”and he died without everknowing that all of them were Chinese. (Para. B)2) Chauvinistic Westerners, of course, always try to minimize the indebtedness of Europe toChina in the ancient and the Middle Ages, but often the circumstantial evidence iscompelling. (Para. C)3) In many cases we simply cannot identify the channels through which knowledge wasconveyed from East to West. (Para. C)4) Modern science which developed in the seventeenth century was a mathematization ofhypotheses about nature, combined with experimentation. (Para. D)5) One factor which must have great relevance here is the circumstance that the feudalism ofEurope and China were fundamentally different. (Para. E)10. The feudalism of China differed greatly from that of Europe in that its bureaucraticorganization promoted the growth of science in ancient China but inhibited its further development later on.Exploring the Topic4. 1) Increasingly being bewitched by the advanced European technology, the Chinese haveforgotten their own achievements.2) A book like that would be absolutely non-academic; it would nevertheless have afar-reaching influence on the general history of thought and ideas.3) The lesson to be drawn from the history of agriculture can best illustrate the ignorance ofthe egoistic westerners.4) The Chinese and Westerners are equally surprised when they realize that modernagriculture, modern shipping and even the essential design of the steam engine alloriginated from China.5) A clear understanding among the nations and the peoples of the world would be welcomedto bridge the gap between East and West.5. 2) The deafening noise, and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on nerves.Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do great injury to delicatelungs. The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to the eyesight.3) What was it that enabled them to become great or successful? Were they born withsomething special? Or did their greatness have more to do with timing, devotion and,them.(3) There is evidence that the movie reinforces negative stereotypes about women.(4) The violence to property will do nothing to facilitate that investigation.(5) Determination and effort enable-d the young man to acquire success.(6) The project was held back by budget restraints.(7) We will continue to press governments in the region to undertake political reforms.(8) This level of economic growth is unprecedented and unique.(9) This policy could isolate the country from the other permanent members of the UnitedNations Security Council.(10) The profound economic effect would accumulate day by day, and much of it might bereversible.7. (1) It must be realized that China experienced a great transformation in the last century. (2) However, it is rather questionable whether the majority of Americans know the truthabout China and Chinese people.(3) All of the information can be conveyed by simple graphs.(4) It is essential that our children absorb this lesson into their outlook on the world.(5) It is a lesson that all of us should take to heart.(6) We must never lose sight of the fact that many inventions originated in China.(7) Many of us take it for granted that technology is the top priority in economicdevelopment.(8) How was it that you had the right information at the right place and at the right time?(9) I can think of no better illustration of the importance of higher education than the fact thatmany university graduates have become the leaders in various f ields.(10) The demand for a raise ref lects as much a desire for the recognition of their success asfor more money.8. A. (1) C (2) B (3) D (4) D (5) CB. China’s ancient great inventions and discoveries, as the forerunners of some of themodern technologies, both enhance the quality of human life and change Chinese history of science. The most signif icant ones are papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing.Paper, one of the most widely used and indispensable materials, led to subsequentinnovations like paper currency, woodblock printing and ceramic movable type printing.The most important invention of gunpowder triggered a series of related discoveries like fireworks, land mine-s，naval mine-s, exploding cannonballs, multistage rocket-s, etc. The compass, originally in a crude form, was followed by a magnetic device and a magnetic needle for navigation in waters.C. (1) He accidentally stumbled upon f ireworks by mixing 3 routine kitchen ingredients —saltpeter, sulfur and charcoal and ignited them.(2) The fireworks came to be used for auspicious occasions like wedding-s, religiousceremonies and to celebrate victories and achievements, and even as rocket fuel.(3) He was called the founder of f ire crackers.(4) The gun powder tubes were found to be strong enough to launch arrows and this is howthe rocket was conceptualized and used against the Mongolians in a Kai keng battle.(5) He wanted to see how these rockets could be used for transportation.D. (1) stumbling upon (2) sulfur (3) ignited (4) explosion (5) warding off(6) auspicious (7) fuel (8) version (9) ghost (10) haunt (11) shooed off (12) crackers (13) rocket fuel (14) attached (15) deliberatelyUnit 4 Responsibility of ScientistsKeys to the ExercisesApproaching the Topic1. 1) Hans Bethe was a distinguished scientist with remarkable contributions to several areas ofphysics during his academic career, and also a Nobel Prize winner. As an exemplary scientist,Bethe was marked by his warmth, generosity, tenacity, and modest habits.2) His major contributions include his 1939 research into how the sun generates its energy byConverting hydrogen to helium using carbon as a nuclear catalyst and his central role in the “Manhattan Project”.3) He used Los Alamos as a platform to address scientists there directly as well as scientistsaround the world through the press.4) Because he realized that it was time to rightly disarm and dismantle nuclear weapons.5) Like chemical and biological weapons, nuclear weapons have the potential for massdestruction, thus posing a great threat to humanity.2. 1) b 2) k 3) c 4) e 5) m 6) j 7) a 8) f 9) d 10) i 11) h 12) g 13) l4. (1) experimental (2) potential (3) identified (4) disappeared (5) zero(6) Achieving (7) possession (8) safeguard (9) abandon (10) look6. 1) Disarmament of nuclear weapons.2) They think nuclear weapons could have the potential for mass destruction, thus posing agreat threat to humanity.3) Open.4) Open.5) Open.Reading about the Topic3. 1) Einstein’s penetrating intellect gave rise to the birth of nuclear weapons. However, later inhis life, Einstein realized the potential harm of the invention and made serious efforts to deter the spread of nuclear weapons.2) The major risk of nuclear energy is its potential for massive destruction that could bring anend to the human species.3) Einstein never worked on the Manhattan Project to make the atomic bomb, and was deeplydisturbed and saddened when the bombs were used on Japan.4) There is no solution to the problem of atomic bombs except international control of atomicenergy and, ultimately, the elimination of war.5) The strong message he sent to humanity: “The splitting of the atom has changed everythingexcept our modes of thinking, and thus we drift toward unprecedented catastrophe.”Itindicates his cautious and objective attitude towards nuclear weapons.4. Set 1: 1) d 2) h 3) c 4) a 5) f 6) g 7) b 8) eSet 2: 1) b 2) e 3) a 4) h 5) g 6) c 7) d 8) f5. Para. A (f) Para. B (e) Para. C (b) Para. D (d)Para. E (a) Para. F (a) Para. G (c)6. 1) Yes, there is. A good scientist is not necessarily successful, and vice versa.2) Fritz Haber’s case implies that it is possible for a successful scientist to do ethically badthings.3) The role of the scientist can be defined by taking into account utilitarianism, obligation andvirtue theory.4) The authors believe that the Manhattan Project is a typical example of the obligation ofscientists made necessary only under extraordinary circumstances like a war.5) Because either term has no meaning in that particular theory. Every approach brings out adifferent aspect of “goodness”or“success”, but also leads to specific problems.7. Set 1: 1) b 2) h 3) f 4) e 5) g 6) a 7) d 8) cSet 2: 1) d 2) c 3) h 4) g 5) e 6) a 7) b 8) f8. 1) The authors of both articles both regard humanity as a crucial criterion in judging whether ascientist is successful.2) The author of Reading 2 definitely would consider Einstein epitomized the qualities of asuccessful scientist according to utilitarianism, obligation and virtue theory.3) Utilitarianism, obligation and humanity.4) Yes. Einstein would be regarded as a good and successful scientist. In terms of utilitarianism,his penetrating intellect changed our view of the world. In terms of obligation, he felt it was his duty to inform President Franklin Roosevelt of the potential danger that the Germanswould develop an atomic weapon to defeat the Allied powers. In terms of virtue, he never stopped fighting for the disarmament of weapons of mass destruction, urging scientists to act for the good of humanity.9. 1) The German chemist Fritz Haber developed a method for synthesizing ammonia, therebymaking it possible to produce fertilizers cheaply and in large quantities. (Para. E)2) Stubbornly, Haber rejected his wife’s every suggestion. (Para. G)3) Sometimes ends do justify the means for successful science. (Para. I)4) In the same way that the ancient Greeks made a list of the “cardinal”virtues and rankedtypes of character, it should be possible to do the same for specific scientific virtues. (Para. J)5) The physicist Paul Dirac was a famously anti-social person who would sometimes not speaka word during dinner parties. (Para. K)10. The example of the German chemist Fritz Haber illustrates that a successful scientist will dothings both beneficial and detrimental to human beings.Exploring the Topic4. 1) Other nuclear states unanimously support the statement “Post-Cold War environmentrequires nuclear deterrence”.2) It is groundless to argue that a world without nuclear weapons would be a world full ofdangers.3) International control of atomic energy is the only way to solve the problem.4) The theoretical breakthrough on the power of mass converted to energy originated from hisknowledge of the relationship between mass and energy.5) Therefore, a utilitarian perspective may allow us to see a successful scientist involved in bothgood and bad deeds.6. To start with, success is bad when it is achieved at the cost of the total quality of anexperience... What is worse, success that comes too easily is harmful... Worse still, certain kinds of success can be destructive...。