英语翻译 增译法

翻译技巧之：增译法（amplification）

英译汉的增译

增加主语，主句，名词，动词，表时态的词，语气助词，形容词，副词，量词等

What about calling him right away?

马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？（增译主语和谓语）

If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations.

要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！（增译主句）

Indeed, the reverse is true

实际情况恰好相反。（增译名词）

增加动词

根据语法上的需要，可以在名词前后增加动词，使句子意义明确，符合汉语习惯。

Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man.

读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确。

After the football match, he still has an important meeting.

在观看足球比赛之后，他有一个重要会议去参加。

He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.

他没有致闭幕词就宣布结束会议。

英语中多用名词介词，在转换成符合汉语习惯的动词时，往往需要加词。

They had been through it all at his side --- the bruising battles, the humiliations of the defeat…. Through empty mid-1960s ---- until at last, in 1968, they were able to savor the sweet taste of triumph.

他们始终站在他的一边，经历过残酷的厮杀，忍受过辛酸的失败，熬过了一事无成的六十年代中期，好不容易挨到一九六八年，他们才尝到了胜利的甜头。

增加表示时态的词

I had never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was.

以往我从未想过，当我发觉人们认为我是无足轻重时，我会感到高兴。但这次情况确是如此。

The high-altitude plane was and still a remarkable bird.

该高空飞机过去是，现在仍然是一种了不起的飞机。

The old man said, “ they say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.”

老人说，“听人说，从前他爸爸是个打鱼的。他过去也许和我们现在一样穷。”

增加语气助词

Don’t take it seriously. I’m just having a j oke with you.

不要认真嘛！我不过是开开玩笑罢了。

As for me, I didn’t agree from the very beginning.

我呢，从一开始就不赞成。

Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.

他们的主人，又是割呀，倒呀，服务呀，切面包呀，谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙个不停。

增加量词

A bike 一辆自行车 a typewriter 一架打字机

A mouth 一张嘴 a full moon 一轮满月

A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea.

一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。

Into the dim clouds was swimming a crescent moon.

一钩新月渐渐隐没在淡淡的云彩里去了。

Once, they had a quarrel.

有一次，他们争吵了一番。

He gave her a sly look.

他狡猾地看了她一眼。

二意义上的需要

被增加的范畴名词大多表示思想、品质等抽象概念。

1.增加形容词、副词

O, Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and misery, what sight is this!

啊，汤姆•康地，坐在破烂、肮脏和苦难中，现在这番景象却是多么地煊赫呀！

“Army will make a man of him”, said his father.

他的父亲说：“军队会把他造就成为一个堂堂的男子汉。”

The crowd melted away.人群渐渐散开了。

She lingered long over his letter.她反反复复地回味着他的来信。

They were, in fact, very fine ladies; not deficient in good-humor when they were pleased, nor in the power of being agreeable when they chose it; but proud and conceited.

事实上，她们都是非常好的小姐；她们并不是不会谈笑风生，问题是要碰到她们高兴的时候；她们也不是不会待人和颜悦色，问题在于她们是否乐意这样做；可惜的是，她们一味骄傲自