高考阅读理解题中猜词练习
高考英语阅读理解猜词专项
Group11)They described him as a loon, or a mad man. His father is an expert in phonetics, the study of the sounds of language.2)It will be very hard but also very brittle, that is, it will break easily.3)In your spare time, you may look through any of these periodicals : Time Magazine, News Week, or The New Worker.4)Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.Group21)If you agree, draw a circle; and a cross if you dissent.2)He had been getting better, but during the night his condition deteriorated .3)In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth.4)Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the thing.Group31) It’s said that Bill Gates is the most affluent person in the world.2)That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.3) Tom can’t play tennis now because he can’t find his w hite sneakers.4) The vixen was not as fortunate as her mate, and was caught in the trap. Her red fur would bring a good price. One more skill1) Overwork may cause diseases.2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manager’s eyes.3)Don't listen to his nonsense.4)Jason is a language specialist.1.(2002年全国卷,B篇)“Organic produce is always better,”Gold said.“The food is free of pesticides(农药),and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms.And more often than not it is locally(本地)grown and seasonal,so it is more tasty.”Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend,and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.A.growing interest in organic foodB.better quality of organic foodC.rising market for organic foodD.higher prices of organic food2.(2003年全国卷,C篇)Fermat's Last Theorem(定理).First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.A.To encourage people to raise questions.B.To cause difficulty in understanding.C.To provide a person with an explanation.D.To limit people's imagination.3.(2006年福建卷,A篇) The schools are reluctant to take time off--even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off.A.kindB.unwillingC.freeD.careless4.(2005年全国卷,C篇)Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story.And even if they start again,Chen holds little hope of catching the crimin al.“We have more important things to do,”he said.A.criminalsB.pigeonsC.the stolen carsD.demands for money5.(2005年北京卷,D篇)However obvious these facts may appear at first glance,they are actully not so obvious as they seem expect when we take special pains to think about the subject.A.try very hardB.take our timeC.are very unhappyD.feel especially painful6(2000年全国卷)Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundels,or struggling with their ballalators through the scribe.These words,which I have just made up,have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can’t think of.Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to ________.A.tools used in farmingB.ideas about modern lifeC.unknown things in the futureD.hunting skills in the Stone Age7 “But,” began Kim,“I feel that since you are my superior,it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.”A.full of respectB.too confident and rudecking in experienceD.too shy and quiet8(2005年广东卷)“Unlike vitamin C,leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down.They mus t be carefully cultivated.”A.encouragedparedC.examinedD.developed9Quietly,the graying of America has made us a very different society one in which people have a quite different ideas of what kind of behavior (行为)is suitable at various ages.A.a societyB.AmericaC.a placeD.population10 2005年广东卷)The reasons for a visit to a lighthouse are not all so backward-lookingin time.It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places.But on a pleasant sunny summer day,this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience.A.far awayB.dangerousC.ancientD.secret11 the new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year.a. superviseb. reviewc. take the place ofd. start to enforce12. the football player was penalized for his rudeness and the punishment was a good lesson for him.a. calledb. praisedc. paidd. punished13. he replied quickly, but after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision.a. carefulb. hardc. goodd. quick14 those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.a. townb. capitalc. countryd. house15. he had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.a. became betterb. got worsec. stayed the samed. did not change16. the house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display.messy and untidy b. rich and expensivec. comfortable and calmingd. foreign and unusual17 everywhere we turn we find paper. without it our modern world would come to a standstill.a. in the state of not movingb. of a person standing stillc. of a person who is not movingd. standing without moving18 his anti-slavery policy had set millions of black free and his strength and wisdom had guided the nation through the war to peace and reunion.a about slaveryb for slaveryc against slaveryd supporting slavery19 what does the word “reunion”mean?a coming back againb becoming one againc meeting someone againd seeing someone again21. you can take any of the periodicals: the world of english, foreign language teaching in schools, or english learning.a. dictionariesb. story-booksc. magazinesd. newspapers22.reading at risk : a survey of literary reading in america presents a detailed review of the decline of reading’s role in the nation’s culture.reading at risk merely shows a great cultural change that most americans have already noted---our society’s turn to electronic media for entertainment and information..from oral culture to electronic media b from print culture to electronic mediac. from electronic media to oral cultured. from electronic medial to print culture23 …yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …a. a thiefb. a guide in a shopc. the owner of a shopd. a porter24 .mark twain was not the author’s real name; it was a pseudonym.a. a pen nameb. a true namec. his family name25. before long, many dinners stayed open around the clock. in other words, people were able to eat in a dinner at any time.a. the meals that people have everydayb. the food that people eat in their mealsc. the places where people can have dinner/eatd. the people who serve in a restaurant26 . he is a resolute man. once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.a. strangeb. firmc. kindd. clever27. when a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.a. a kind of booksb. a piece of advicec. a kind of medicined. a kind of animals29 . when some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colors turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective.a. attracted the customers stronglyb. had weak effect on the customersc. tricked the customers into shoppingd. caused the customers to lose interest30 first of all the ingredients such as flour, sugar, fat and water, are put into a mixing machine. the mixture comes out of the mixing machine in the form of dough (面团)。
高三阅读理解专题(猜词)
阅读理解专题二——猜词根据上下文推断生词的词义。
一般在该词出现的上和下句子中找答案。
1.常见的词义猜测题型:T he underlined word “ … ” refers to (means) .Which of the following words can take the place of the word “ … ”?What is the meaning of “ … ” as the words are used in the text?Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”?2.解题方法:(1)利用定义线索特征:常有be, be called, mean, refer to, be defined as等词语来提示。
例1[,ænθrə’pɔlədʒi]Anthropology is the scientific study of man. Anthropology means _______例2Desert can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation to support human life. Desert refers to______.(2)利用解释说明线索特征:常有that is(to say), in other words, namely,or 等词语来提示或者利用同位语或定语从句。
例1In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields.To irrigate means______.注:or=mean 表示一词语对另一词语的解释关系或为其同义词语例2His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. Zoologist refers to ________.例3 [si’mæntiks]Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently. Semantics means_______.例4The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. Herdsman refers to ________.(3)利用举例线索特征:常有for example, for instance, such as, like等词语来提示。
阅读理解—猜词题
猜词练习(一)1.Fox was a university student in British Columbia when he became sick with bone cancer. Doctors had to amputate most of his right leg.Which of the following is closest in meaning to “ amputate”?A. cure ofB. cut offC. take awayD. leave2. People already use more than half of the world’s renewable fresh water.The word “ renewable” refers to the water that _______.A. is fresh and newB. can be made new againC. can be made clean and used againD. can always be replaced with new water.3. Hundreds of years ago, much of the Holland was below sea level and was often flooded by the North Sea. This made the land swampy.What does the word “ swampy” mean?A. Dry and hardB. DesertedC. Soft and wetD. Rich4. The children who have recently experienced a family breakup have a more difficult time with their study than children from normal consummate families.What does the word “consummate” mean?A. largeB. wealthyC. completeD. poor5.He met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgway’s School of Adventure, where he learned about Ridgway’s cold water exploits. Greatly interested, Saunders read all he couldabout North Pole explorers and adventuresThe word “ exploits” is closest in meaning to __.A. journeysB. researchesC. adventuresD. operations6. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat(费马)in the seventeenth century, the theorem(定理) had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist …Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “baffle” in the text?A. To encourage people to raise questions.B. To cause difficulty in understanding.C. To provide a person with an explanation.D. To limit people’s imagination7.Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work.By describing lions as “ opportunists”, the author means to say that lions _______A. are cruel animalsB. are clever animalsC. like to take advantage of other animalsD. like to take every chance to eat.8. The school are reluctant to take time off—even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentinagame had trouble getting the day off.The underlined word “reluctant” in the passage may probably mean___________.A. kindB. unwillingC. freeD. careless9.Early human beings used very fragile houses , and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofsfrom houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable.The underlined word “vulnerable” in the passage means___________.A. impossible to make sure ofB. likely to be protectedC. easy to damageD. difficult to find10.Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can’t be swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.The word “ cultivated” roughly mean s______A. encouragedB. comparedC. examinedD. developed11. The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “exotic”?A. Messy and untidyB. Rich and expensive.C. Comfortable and calmingD. Foreign and unusual12. Fast food and fried food sell the best among students, which has led to a rise in obesity among children. What does the word “ obesity” mean?A. ViolenceB. SadnessC. OverweightD. Weakness13. As night fell on America on September the 11th, 2001, we felt grief and great sorrow.What does the word “ grief ” mean?A. DeterminationB. DisappointmentC. SadnessD. Despair猜词练习(二)1. Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.The underlined word gulf most probably means _________.A. interestB. distanceC. differenceD. separation2. The next day my dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years, I’m at last seeing another side of my father. And in so doing, I’m delighted with my new friend. My dad, in his new home in Arizona, is back to me from where he was.The underlined words “my new friend” refer to ______.A. the author’s sonB. the author’s father B. the friend of the author’s father D. the café owner3. T ime is something from which we can’t escape. Even if we ignore it, it’s still going by, ticking away, second by second, minute by minute, hour by hour. So the main issue in using your time well is, “Who’s in charge?” We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally.The underlined word “ally” most likely means somebody or something that is _________.A. your slave and serves youB. your supporter and helps youC. under your control and obeys youD. under your influence and follows you4. Some politicians often use this trick. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents(对手) says, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true. However, and honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.” What do the underlined words “net gain” mean?A. final increaseB. big advantageC. large shareD. total saving5. When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, He was in despair(失望)and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things.We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other “Wegave London to each other” probably means ______.A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of usB. we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from LondonC. our unpleasant feelings about London disappearedD. we parted with each other in London6. What we often see nowadays is that young people juggle an ever larger number of electronic devices (电子产品) as they study. While working, they also surf on the Internet, send out emails, answer the telephone and listen to music on their iPods. In a sense, they are spending a significant amount of time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.What does the underlined word “juggle” most probably mean?A. want to buyB. take the place ofC. use at the same timeD. seek for information from7. Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.What does “glycol-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” mea n?A. sugarB. iceC. bloodD. moleculeBorn in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.The words “hooked on teaching” probably mean ________.A. attracted to teachingB. tired of teachingC. satisfied with teachingD. unhappy about teaching9. For cultural exposure, I involved her in our American Indian tradition. We attended and danced at Indian powwows. I signed her up for summer basketball camps and attended the awards ceremony at the end. I tried to be involved by balancing work and family. I passed up a job at a local university because of the position’s frequent out-of-state travel.The underlined phrase passed up means__________A. gave upB. took upC. looked forD. applied for10. “But, “ said Tim, “ I feel that since you are my superior, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.”“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do. I employed you to make suggestions because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to me.”The underlined word “presumptuous” is closest in meaning to _________.A. full of respectB. too shy and quietC. lacking in experienceD. too confident and rude11. The young programmer is at home with hardware as well, thanks partly to a highly developed sense of touch. Mitzi Nowakowski, an office manager at InteliData, remembers how he easily disconnected and reconnected their computer systems during a move last year. “ Through feel, Suleiman can find the position of connectors, pins and wires much faster than most other people with sight.” He says.The underlined part “is at home with hardware” means__________.A. is fond of computer hardwareB. works with computer hardware at homeC. feels comfortable when working with computer hardware.D. is good at dealing with computer hardware12. Climbing attracts people because it’s good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger.The word “workout” most probably means _________.A. settlementB. exerciseC. excitementD. tiredness13. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet. This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights.According to the text, what has “taken the world by storm”?A. Intellectual property rights.B. The Internet.C. Free downloading.D. The large number of songs, films and books.14. As the sun rose higher, Arizona’s famous heat seemed to roast(烘烤) us. There was no shade and our legs were aching. We decided to go back, with the girl on my back and the boys far behind. By the time we finally got back, our legs were like jelly.The und erlined expression “Our legs were like jelly” probably means .A. we were weakB. we were unhappyC. we were dissatisfiedD. we were disappointed掌握猜词技巧提升阅读能力Skill 1 1无法通过的2全球化 3 受虐待的 4 单枪匹马 5 倒空;掏空 6 挤过Skill 2 1 剽窃 2 哑剧3语义学 4 期刊;杂志Skill 3 1 健谈的 2 肥胖的3有害的;不利的 4 模仿 5 C1 傲慢的;目空一切的2 复杂的3 不同意;不赞同1 独断专行的2 浑浊的Skills 4. ABC Skill5: 1. 洞穴2. 蜿蜒爬行的;滑行的 3. 凋谢猜词练习(一)1 B 2 C 3 C 4 C 5 C 6 B 7 C 8 B 9 C 10 D 11 D 12 C 13 C猜词练习(二)1 B 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 A 6 C 7 A 8 A9 A 10 D 11 D 12 B 13 C 14 A猜词练习(三)1-9 D B C C D ;A A D B推断单词的语境意义AC A B A; B C A A D; D推断短语或句子的意思D B A D D ;D D B D C ; D C A。
高考阅读理解——猜词题
生词 旧词新意 短语新意 句子引申义
方法(一)——看后面
代入语境翻译(2014全国大纲卷) 文中出现同义词或者反义词提示 破折号后出现解释
文中出现同义词或者反义词提示
Q: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “illiterate” A. repeat B. reiterated C. uneducated D. sick Most women in Ghana —— the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved.
试译(二)
1.His father has died. 2.His father has passed away. 3.His old man has kicked the bucket. 4.His beloved father has joined the heavenly choir.
猜词(一)
Nitrogen(氮)and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi(真 菌)networks,making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy.This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons(神经元)in our brains,and when one tree is destroyed,it affects all. Simard talks about “mother trees”,usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend.She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation,transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow.When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies”or the networks on which they feed,we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.
高中英语:阅读微技能专练--猜词(二)答案版
阅读微技能专练——词义猜测(二)【passage 1-2014全国卷I】【答案】【小题2】B【解析】规律方法1:如何解决猜测词义题?此类题目有的可利用构词法来解答,首先要弄明白构词法的三种形式:派生法、转化法和合成法,高考阅读理解题中的猜测词义题主要集中表现为派生和合成两种形式。
有的题需要利用上下文的已知部分进行推理;有的还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义;还有的可以根据定义、解释和举例猜测词义。
【passage 2-2017全国卷I】【名师点睛】近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查,因此,掌握一定的猜词技巧,对突破高考阅读理解、提高同学们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
这类试题包括对生词生义的推测、熟词生义的推测、以及对it/they/them等代词的确指对象的判断等。
做这种类型的题,要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。
因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生,考生要特别注意熟词生义,切不可脱离语境想当然。
猜测词义时,要掌握以下六种解题技巧:技巧1 定义法:一般通过定义/定语从句/词组或同位语从句来确定词义。
技巧2 对比法:利用文中的反义词、表对比关系的词猜测词义。
技巧3 因果法:从原因推测结果,从结果推测原因。
技巧4 例举法:利用文中的举例猜测词义。
技巧5 构词法:在猜测词义过程中,我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识,从生词本身猜测词义。
技巧6 根据文段中出现的同义、近义或反义词的意思进行判断。
技巧7 根据句子结构进行判断。
技巧8 根据文章的背景进行判断。
技巧9 上下文:利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。
本篇阅读中的第33小题就属于词义猜测题。
考生可以根据技巧9 上下文:利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义来选择正确答案。
划线短语the water catcher很简单,考生一看就知道是“获得水的物品”的意思,在蒸馏器整个装置中,接水的东西就是杯子,这根据常识也知道的,因此很容易错选为D选项。
高考英语阅读理解题型指导之猜词题
中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有: 中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有:
super- (超) mini- (极小的 微小的 极小的, 超 极小的 微小的) micro-(极微小的) re- (再,反复) 反复) (极微小的) mis-(误,恶) im-(不) ( ( un-(不,非) in-(不,非) ( ( non-(不,非) -able(能…的 ) ( ( 的 -less(不,无) -wards (向) ( 向 inner- (内部的,里面的) 内部的,里面的)
混乱
天生的
◎In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil turmoil.
◎Some human actions are learned, but innate. quite a few other actionntext clues
猜测词意
构词法 Word formation
Word Formation 构词法:
英语单词大多是由词根,词头(前缀) 英语单词大多是由词根,词头(前缀) 和词尾(后缀)所组成. 和词尾(后缀)所组成.词根是单词最基本 的部分,表达单词的基本含义. 的部分,表达单词的基本含义.在词根前或 后加上前缀或后缀, 后加上前缀或后缀,可以用来引申或转变原 词的意义.只要我们掌握了各种词根, 词的意义.只要我们掌握了各种词根,词头 和词尾的基本含义, 和词尾的基本含义,那么就可以很容易猜测 出由其构成的新词的含义了. 出由其构成的新词的含义了.
(词性变化) 词性变化)
语 境 法 Logical relations 猜 测 词 义
高三英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题方法总结单选题30题
高三英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题方法总结单选题30题1.The word "procrastinate" in the sentence "He is always procrastinating his work." can be guessed from the context. The possible meaning is _____.A.finish quicklyB.start earlyC.put offD.do carefully答案:C。
本题通过上下文逻辑关系来猜测词义。
句子“He is always procrastinating his work.”表示“他总是拖延工作”,选项A“finish quickly(快速完成)”、选项B“start early(早早开始)”、选项D“do carefully 认真做)”都不符合语境,只有选项C“put off 推迟)”符合“拖延工作”的意思。
解题技巧为通过上下文逻辑关系猜测词义。
2.The new word "biodegradable" can be understood by analyzing its parts. The meaning is related to being able to _____.st foreverB.be broken down by living thingsC.be very expensiveD.be made quickly答案:B。
本题利用构词法来猜测词义。
“bio-”表示“生命、生物”,“degradable”表示“可降解的”,所以“biodegradable”的意思是“可被生物降解的”。
选项A“last forever( 永远持续)”、选项C“be very expensive非常昂贵)”、选项D“be made quickly(快速制成)”都与构词法分析出的意思不符,只有选项B“be broken down by living things 被生物分解)”符合。
高考阅读理解之词义猜测题库
猜测词义技巧之-----通过上下文进行猜测( 学案)班级__________ 姓名_______________ Step Ⅰ、Lead in(2011·湖南卷C篇)…The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists. …67. The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4 means “______”.A. evolutionB. exhibitionC. separationD. examinationStep Ⅱ、Presentation●词义猜测题常见的考查形式:1) The phrase “…” in the sentence could be replaced by _________.2) The world “…” in the paragraph refers to ______.3) What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph? / What does theunderlined word mean?4) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase”…”?5) The world “…” most nearly means ______ .6) What do you think the expression “…” stand for?…●考点诠释猜词是英语阅读的重要技巧,也是高考中常考的题型,在数量上通常至少有道题。
高考英语关于阅读理解中的猜词悟义题
专题复习:关于阅读理解中的猜词悟义题近几年的高考阅读理解题越来越重视对考生猜词悟义能力的考查,猜测词悟义的能力,即掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法,对排除阅读中生词的干扰、降低生词率、提高阅读速度和理解能力是必不可少的,这是考生英语阅读理解能力的一个重要组成部分。
这种不用词典而通过上下文来认识生词的能力是每一个考生所必须具备的能力。
这类题主要考查考生对文中的重点词句的理解,要求考生对文章中的个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或推测其义。
常用的问题形式:1. He underlined word(phrase)in the passage means ________________.2. The word "it(them)"in the first paragraph refers to _____________.3. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _____________.4. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph?5. What does(do)the underlined word(words)refer to?6. According to the passage, “…” probably means ______________.7. The author uses the word “…” to mean __________.8. The underlined word/phrase/team “…”means ______________.9. The word “…” in paragraph …refers to __________.10. What does “…” in the second paragraph stands for?11. The sentence “…” means _______________.例如:Apple trees may grow as tall as 12 metres and they grow best in areas that have cold winters. Although no fruit is yielded during the winter, this cold period is good for the tree.The underlined word “ yielded” most probably means__________.A. soldB. boughtC. improvedD. producedAnother source of knowledge is the vast store of traditional practices handed down form father to son, or mother to daughter, of old country customs, of folklore. All this is very difficult for a college student to examine, for much knowledge and personal experience is needed here to separate good plants form wild grass. The college student should learn to realize and remember how much of real value science has found in this wide, confused wilderness and how often scientific discoveries of what had existed in this area long ago.In this paragraph the phrase “this wide, confused wilderness”refers to _________.A. personal experienceB. wild weeds among good plantsC. the information from the parentsD. the vast store of traditional practices猜词悟义方法:一、针对性解释针对性解释是作者为了更好地表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题40题
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题40题1. In the passage, the word "magnificent" is closest in meaning to:A. beautifulB. bigC. wonderfulD. old答案:C。
解析:“magnificent”意为“壮丽的;宏伟的;极好的”,选项A“beautiful”侧重于外表美丽,不如“wonderful”能全面表达“极好的”意思;选项B“big”指尺寸大,与“magnificent”含义不同;选项D“old”意思是旧的,与“magnificent”毫无关联。
“wonderful”意思是极好的,与“magnificent”在意思上最为接近。
2. The word "delicate" in the text can be replaced by:A. strongB. weakC. gentleD. hard答案:C。
解析:“delicate”有“精致的;脆弱的;柔和的”等意思,选项A“strong”表示强壮的,与“delicate”相反;选项B“weak”侧重于虚弱,不如“gentle”能准确体现“delicate”柔和的意思;选项D“hard”意思是硬的,与“delicate”差异较大。
“gentle”有温柔、柔和之意,与“delicate”较为接近。
3. In the following, which word is similar to "furious"?A. angryB. happyC. calmD. sad答案:A。
解析:“furious”意为“狂怒的;暴怒的”,选项B“happy”表示高兴的,与“furious”相反;选项C“calm”意思是平静的,与“furious”完全不同;选项D“sad”是悲伤的,与“furious”的愤怒含义不同。
“angry”意思是生气的、愤怒的,与“furious”意思相近。
高考英语阅读理解猜词训练
有时标点符号中的破折号“——”也可引出起解释 说明作用的同位语或具有同义的短语或从句。 ⑤Down from the sky came a dark funnel-like( 漏 斗状的 ) cloud. This dark cloud reached the ground all of a sudden. This terrible tornado—a wind which went round and round as fast as 500 miles an hour and picked up everything in its path, such as large trees, cars and even houses. 只要读懂以上五句话,猜出 carpenter 的词义是 “ 木 匠 ” , mosquito 的 词 义 是 “ 蚊 子 ” , stethoscope 的词义是“听诊器”, kinesics 的词义 是“人体运动学”,而 tornado 的词义是“龙卷风 ”应是完全可能的。
【模拟试题】 利用上述三种猜词技巧猜出下列练习中划线生词的词义 1. 根据定义或解释说明猜出下列各句中划线的生词词义 1)Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and weapons. 2)A magnet is a piece of iron or steel which can pull other pieces of iron to itself, and a magnet is sometimes used by some people to find their lost bits of iron from the places where it’s difficult for them to find them without a magnet. 3)Travellers in deserts or thick forests always bring with them compasses, a kind of very helpful instruments that help them to know the directions and which always consist of a freely-moving MAGNETIC needle that always moves to point to the north.
超实用备战高考英语考试易错题——阅读理解:词义猜测题(4大陷阱) (解析版)
易错点16 阅读理解词义猜测题目录01 易错陷阱(3大陷阱)02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】句意猜测易混易错点03 易错题通关养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
易错陷阱1:词义/词组指代易混易错点。
【分析】这类题错误主要因为基础词汇量积累和词根词缀积累不足,根据构词法猜词是阅读理解必不可少的能力。
平时应当大量积累单词,同时利用前后的同位关系或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。
易错陷阱2:代词指代猜测易混易错点。
【分析】阅读材料中的每个词与它前面的词语或句子甚至段落都有着密切的关联。
有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远,应当对前面提到的内容进行总结,认真查找,才能得出代词所指代的事。
易错陷阱3:句意猜测易混易错点。
【分析】此类题型应当定位画线句子,充分利用语法和逻辑关系分析原句。
同时分析理解画线句前后的语境,合理归纳总结找出与原句意思相同的选项并代入画线处验证。
切不可因为句中出现熟词,而脱离语境,望文生义。
【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【例1】(湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三阶段试题)She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. This detailed mathematical model of the shape of the Earth was a building block for what would become the GPS orbit.What does the underlined phrase “a building block” in paragraph 5 mean?A.A basic part.B.A detailed map.C.A building material.D.A major obstacle.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题60题(答案解析)
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题60题(答案解析)1.The new technology is so advanced that it seems almost magical. The word "advanced" in this context probably means____.A.simpleplexC.developedD.old答案:C。
解析:在这个语境中,后面提到“似乎几乎是神奇的”,说明这项新技术很先进。
选项A“simple”简单的;选项B“complex”复杂的;选项C“developed”发达的、先进的;选项D“old”旧的、老的。
根据上下文可推断出“advanced”意思是先进的、发达的,即选项C。
猜词技巧:根据后文的描述来推断词义。
2.In the article, it is mentioned that the scientist is working on a revolutionary device. The word "revolutionary" here most likely means____.A.ordinaryB.old-fashionedC.groundbreakingD.small答案:C。
解析:文中提到科学家在研究一个设备,“revolutionary”修饰这个设备,通常表示具有革命性的。
选项A“ordinary”普通的;选项B“old-fashioned”过时的;选项C“groundbreaking”开创性的、革命性的;选项D“small”小的。
根据上下文可推断出“revolutionary”意思是开创性的、革命性的,即选项C。
猜词技巧:根据修饰的对象和通常的表达习惯来推断词义。
3.The new software has a lot of features that make it stand out from others. The word "features" in this sentence probably means____.A.problemsB.advantagesC.characteristicsD.errors答案:C。
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及解析。
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及解析在阅读理解中,词义猜测题是考察学生对词汇的理解和推断能力的重要题型之一。
这类题目要求学生通过上下文的线索来猜测生词或难词的意思。
本篇文章将为大家提供一些词义猜测题的练习题及解析,帮助大家提高阅读理解能力和词汇运用能力。
练习题1:The teacher's explanation was so abstruse that most students couldn't understand it.根据上下文线索,我们可以推测abstruse的意思是:A. 简单的B. 复杂的C. 有趣的D. 无聊的解析:根据句子的描述,学生们无法理解老师的解释,因此我们可以推测abstruse的意思是“复杂的”(B)。
练习题2:The music performance was so captivating that the audience was entranced.根据上下文线索,我们可以推测captivating的意思是:A. 乏味的B. 平淡的C. 吸引人的D. 无趣的解析:根据句子描述,音乐表演非常吸引人,观众也被它迷住了,因此我们可以推测captivating的意思是“吸引人的”(C)。
练习题3:The hikers were thrilled when they reached the summit of the mountain.根据上下文线索,我们可以推测thrilled的意思是:A. 害怕的B. 高兴的C. 受惊吓的D. 失望的解析:根据句子描述,当登上山顶时,徒步旅行者们感到非常兴奋,因此我们可以推测thrilled的意思是“高兴的”(B)。
练习题4:The new employee's lackadaisical attitude towards work made his colleagues unhappy.根据上下文线索,我们可以推测lackadaisical的意思是:A. 积极的B. 懒散的C. 无聊的D. 关心的解析:根据句子描述,新员工对工作的态度懒散,使得他的同事们不开心,因此我们可以推测lackadaisical的意思是“懒散的”(B)。
(完整)高考英语阅读猜词
高考英语阅读猜词高考阅读理解训练之猜测语义Test 1 There is no cure for Alzheimer’s. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms(症状). (NMET2004湖北卷B篇) 61. What is ARICEPT? A、A medicine to cure Alzheimer’s. B、A medicine to delay signs of aging. C、A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s.D、A medicine to cure brain damage.Test 2 Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar and reindeer with surprising sauces. (2004福建卷E篇) (1)According to the passage, The Pines is a ______. A. place in which you can see many mobile homes B. mountain where you can get a good view of the valley C. town which happens to be near the Banff National Park D. restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food 二.利用例证猜测语义某些阅读文章为了证实或说明某一观点,常会举一些例子,而且时时会用一些标志性语言或标点符号来引出,如:括号、破折号、冒号等或诸如for example, for instance, such as, and so on, just as, like, similarity 等连接词或词组。
高考阅读猜词题
.高考阅读猜词题1."I didn't hear them call my name," explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens (AT) as she talked about that exciting moment on national television when she won the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004. "Are you ready?" is what she heard. Then she said, "I shook my head no, and then they said ‗yes‘ and it was announced again."It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan, Louisiana----she was still on cloud nine."I was so shocked! I never believed that it could actually really happen." Present in the audience (观众)that day were: her mother and father, older brother, her friends, and her dance teacher.56.What do the words ―on cloud nine‖ in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. frightenedB. troubledC. very happyD. very angry2.One evening in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path .That‘s when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.Ceely‘s near miss made the news because she blamed it on he GPS (导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. ―I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train,‖ she told the BBC.42.The phrase ―near miss‖ (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by______.A. close hitB. heavy lossC. narrow escapeD. big mistake3.Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain. Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice. To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.57.The underlined word ―it‖ in the second paragraph refers to ―________‖.A. alcoholB. absorptionC. bloodD. process4.The problem is twofold(双重的). First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hole in mind and have a meaningful relationship with. That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain. Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest (投入)in then. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what‘s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into ―someone I once knew‖.73. The underlined word ―engagement‖ in the second p aragraph probably means ―____‖.A. appointmentB. connectionC. interviewD. agreement5.The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity(一致)can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energyAnd passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.Ultimately, as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.49.The underlined words ―shared a word‖ in Paragraph 5 probably meanA. exchanged ideas with each otherB. discussed the meaning of a wordC. gamed life experienceD. used the same language6.The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream. Ford said: "I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modem engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one."65. ―That sale‖ in Paragraph 4 refers to.A. the selling of Ford cars at reduced pricesB. the sale of Model T to the mass of peopleC. the selling of a car to a Detroit doctorD. the sales target for the Ford Company7.The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States. It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population. and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home. According to the Coalition‘s studies, of over two hundred million people living in th Uñited States, up to three million are home!ess—and the number is still growing since the late 1970s, fast rising house prices, large cuts in government supported housing programs, and economic recession have made it impossible for many Americans to meet housing costs. Sadly, this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to leave their homes and or unable to find new affordable67. The word ―address‖ in the first line probably means .A. talk aboutB. deal withC. fight forD. write to8. He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart, mother said it was caused by the torpedoes .he said it was because of t he cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.Ten years later I read Night of the U-boat and was able to complete the story.63. The underlined word ―it‖ in paragraph 6 refers to the father‘s _____ .A. weak heartB. taking a shore jobC. failure to returnD. injury caused by a torpedo9. A recent study of ancient and modern elephant has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的)species The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard University when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences(序列)from two fossils(化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.67. The underlined word ―divergence‖in Paragraph 4 means ―___________.‖A. evolutionB. exhibitionC. separationD. examination10.―Mum, what does it mean when someone tells you that they have a skeleton (骨骼) in the closet (衣橱)?‖Jessica asked. ―A skeleton in the closet?‖ her mother paused thoughtfully, Well, it‘s something that you would rather not have anyone else know about. For example, if in the past, someone in Dad‘s family had been arrested for stealing a horse, it would be ‗a skelet on in his family‘s closet‘. He really wouldn‘t want any neighbor to know about it.‖―Why pick on my family?‖ Jessica‘s father said with anger. ―Your family history isn‘t so good, you know. Wasn‘t you great – great grandfather a prisoner who was transported to Australia for his crimes?‖ ―Yes, but people these days say that you are not a real Australian unless your ancestors arrived as prisoners.‖ ―Gosh, sorry I asked. I think I understand now,‖ Jessica cut in before things grew worse.After dinner, the house was very quiet. Jessica‘s parents were still quite angry with each other. Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her husband, who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read. When she finished, she gathered the freshly pressed clothes in her arms and walked to Jessica‘s closet. Just as she opened the door and reached in to hang a skirt, a bony arm stuck out from the dark depths and a bundle of white bones fell to the floor. Jessica‘smother sank into a faint (晕倒), waking only when Jessica put a cold, wet cloth on her forehead. She looked up to see the worried faces of her husband and daughter.―What happened? Where am I?‖ she asked. ―You just destroyed the school‘s skeleton, Mum,‖ explained Jessica. ―I brought it home to help me with my health project. I meant to tell you, but it seemed that as soon as I mentioned skeletons and closets, it caused a problem between you and Dad.‖ Jessica looked in amazement as her parents began to laugh madly. ―They‘re both crazy,‖ she thought.56.According to Jessica‘s mother, ―a skeleton in the closet‖ means .A.a family honor B.a family secret C.a family story D. a family treasure11.The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850 –1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed "the Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his later building plan of towns.Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.67.The underlined phrase "drawing on "in Paragraph 1 probably means______.A.making use of B.making comments onC.giving an explanation of D.giving a description of12. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的)resources to be found.Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later.Resources may be more than physical possessions.Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration.The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives.We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems.Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品)of technological developments in the space industry!73.The underlined word "spin-offs" in Paragraph 4 probably refers to______.A.survival chances B.potential resourcesC.unexpected benefits D.physical possessions。
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文联系题40题
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文联系题40题1. In the passage, the word "dazzle" probably means _.A. amazeB. blindC. shineD. decorate答案:A。
本题考查根据上下文猜测词义。
文中提到这个词所在的情境是让人感到惊叹,A 选项“使惊奇”符合文意;B 选项“使失明”与文意不符;C 选项“发光”也不太恰当;D 选项“装饰”与语境无关。
2. The word "hazard" in the text can be best replaced by _.A. dangerB. chanceC. difficultyD. opportunity答案:A。
文中描述的情况表明这个词与危险相关,A 选项“危险”正确;B 选项“机会”不合适;C 选项“困难”不太准确;D 选项“机会”也不符合。
3. What does the word "embarrass" mean in the following sentence? He felt very embarrassed when he made a mistake in front of so many people.A. 使高兴B. 使尴尬C. 使困惑D. 使生气答案:B。
从句子中他在很多人面前犯错会感到的情绪可知是尴尬,B 选项正确;A 选项“使高兴”错误;C 选项“使困惑”不对;D 选项“使生气”也不符合。
4. In the context, the word "procrastinate" means _.A. hurryB. delayC. prepareD. finish答案:B。
根据文中描述的行为可知是拖延的意思,B 选项“延迟”正确;A 选项“赶快”相反;C 选项“准备”无关;D 选项“完成”也不符合。
高考英语阅读猜词解题技巧训练
The underlined words “a treat” here means ____. A. an action movie
B. something pleasant to enjoy
C. a rest 2021/11/14
D. something nice to eat 17
Ex. 3
◎He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.
The word “audience” in the paragraph means
____.
A.students
B. people who watch a play
C. people who act on the stage
D. people who listen to something
2021/11/14
74. “He was just Joe Everybody.” ( in the
last paragraph) means _____.
A. Dave was famous
B. Dave was ordinary
C. Dave was showy
D. Dave 2021/11/14 was shy
1) Definition and explanation 利用定义和 解释猜测词义;
Eg. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้t up halfway.
The underlined word means____. A.strong B. firm C. kind D. clever
高考英语阅读理解猜词训练共35页文档
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高考英语阅读理解猜词训练
46、法律有权打破平静。——马·格林 47、在一千磅法律里,没有一盎司仁 爱。— —英国
48、法律一多,公正就少。——托·富 勒 49、犯罪总是以惩罚相补偿;只有处 罚才能 使犯罪 得到偿 还。— —达雷 尔
50、弱者比强者更能得到法律的保护 。—— 侈 。——CocoCha nel 62、少而好学,如日出之阳;壮而好学 ,如日 中之光 ;志而 好学, 如炳烛 之光。 ——刘 向 63、三军可夺帅也,匹夫不可夺志也。 ——孔 丘 64、人生就是学校。在那里,与其说好 的教师 是幸福 ,不如 说好的 教师是 不幸。 ——海 贝尔 65、接受挑战,就可以享受胜利的喜悦 。——杰纳勒 尔·乔治·S·巴顿
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In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting (融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent,” he said.73. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to ____________.A. freezing pointsB. burning pointsC. melting pointsD. boiling points(广东B) We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that ten-dollar grand prize, each and every one of us. I'm going to spend mine on candies, one hopeful would announce, while another practiced looking serious, wise and rich.47. 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