高考名词性从句精讲
2023届高考英语语法名词性从句精讲之四大从句用法大全讲义
2023年高中英语语法名词性从句精讲之:四大从句用法大全主语从句主语从句的概念:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用。
主语从句用法:1、主语从句的引导词:主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导:如:That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着,真是奇迹。
When we arrive doesn't matter. 什么时候到没有关系。
What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
2、主语从句与形式主语it:有时为了考虑句子平衡,通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句移至句末。
这分三种情况:(1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句,通常用形式主语代主语从句:如:It's a pity that he didn't come. 很遗憾他没来。
(2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从句:如:Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
(3)对关系代词型what引导的主语从句,通常不用形式主语,总是主语从句放在句首:如:What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)
名词性从句引导词的用法(3):
“whoever”-- “-----的任何人”、作主语、 “whomever”-- “-----的任何人”、作宾语、 “whatever”-- “----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、 “whichever”--- “无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、
连接代词
“whoever”-- “---的任何人”、作主语、起连接作用
(宾语从句)
“whichever”-- “--的哪些或哪个”、作主、表、宾语、
1、Whichever team win the game is possible .
(主语从句)
2、The fact is whichever teacher could help you learn English well . (表语从句) 3、You could choose whichever book you want .
certain (主语从句) .
2、The fact is that Beijing will hold 29th Olympic
Games this year. (表语从句)
3、I know that well begun is half done . (宾语从句) 4、He heard the news that Liuxiang set a new world record .(同位语从句)
“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用 “whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用
连接代词
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用 “which”---“哪----”、作定语、起连接作用 “whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用
“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用
高考重难点名词性从句精讲
词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语)
在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正 宾语) 的句型中不省略
We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导 的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略.
表语从句:在句中充当表语成分,一般放在连系动词
之后. 作用:对主语进行解释说明。
3. 表语从句:
在连系动词之后的句子叫做表语从句。
例:问题是谁能去那里。 表语 The question was who could go there. 例:那是他为什么迟到的原因。 That is why he was late. 表语
主语
例:他住在哪里我们都不知道。
Where he lives is unknown to us.
主语
例:不太清楚她为什么迟到。 Why she was late is unclear.
主语
例:这本书怎么销售取决于它的作者。
How the book will be sold depends on its writer .
{I don’t like what he does every day. {
I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. I don’t know that he is a teacher.
I don’t like his job.
2.宾语从句:(object clause) 用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。一般放在及物动词,介
名词性从句
1.主语从句
*名词性从句的特点是
高考英语语法专题精讲精练-名词性从句
语法专题二:名词性从句1. 名词性从句的基本概念:1) 主语从句:在句中充当主语;亦可用it作形式主语,主语从句置于句末。
2) 宾语从句:在句中充当及物动词或介词的宾语;亦可用it作形式宾语,宾语从句置于句末。
3) 表语从句:在句中充当系动词的表语。
4) 同位语从句:常置于fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, suggestion, possibility, belief等表示有内容的名词后,起解释、说明作用。
2. 注意:1) 名词性从句要用陈述句语序。
2) 名词性从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语时:常用what 导,亦可用which表示选择,用who/whom/whoever指人。
缺少状语:用where(表地点), when(表时间), how(表方式), why(表原因)。
3) 如不缺成份:主语从句、同位语从句用that引导,不能省略;表从、单个动词宾从可省略引导词that;介词宾从、第二个宾从,引导词that一般不省略;it作形式主语或宾语时,引导实际主从或宾从,一般that不省略;当主从、宾从本身为复合句时,引导词that不省略。
如:He told us sadly that what he had done secretly was dis covered by his parents.4) 含宾从的复合句中,主句和从句的时态保持一致,但如果从句中表示是客观现象,虽然主句是过去时态,从句仍用一般现在时。
5) 主语从句做主语,谓语动词用单数;如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句,谓语动词用单数。
6) 当主句是I/We think(或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess)时,其后的宾语从句如果是否定的,常常把否定词not从从句中移到主句中。
7) 只能用whether,不能用if表示“是否”的情况如下:(1) 在表语从句和同位语从句中;(2) 在主语从句中,如果用it做形式主语,whether和if都能引导主语从句,否则,只能用whether(3) 在介词之后;(4) 后面直接跟动词不定式;(5) 与or not连用;(6) 引导让步状语从句,只能用whether。
高考英语复习 名词性从句讲解
名词性从句一、名词性从句与简单句的区别在英文中,名词或名词短语主要充当四种句子成分:主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
如果把句子当作名词来用,分别充当另一句话的主语、宾语、表语或同位语,于是便构成了四种从句:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
因为这四种从句在本质上相当于名词的作用,所以将其统称为名词性从句。
请看下表:在英语中,相当于名词作用的句子有三类,陈述句、一般疑问句以及特殊疑问句。
因此,名词从句就是用三种句子来分别充当另外一个句子的四种句子成分,者就构成了名词从句的本质特征。
但是,这三种句子不是直接放在另一个句子中作成分,而是要作各种变化调整。
接下来将具体讨论。
二、陈述句作句子成分1. 要在陈述句句首加上t hat用”that+陈述句”这一结构分别充当另一个句子的四种成分。
2.为什么要加that?对于陈述句,为什么要在其句首加that 后才能用它作成分呢?而为什么在宾语从句中that 又可以省去呢?因为在英文中,句子的核心意思主要是靠谓语部分来表达,一个句子只表达一个核心意思,也就是只能有一个谓语部分。
而添加that,相当于一个“指路牌”,能够帮助我们指明段句的方向,而不至于造成歧义。
而对于宾语从句,主句的谓语已经出现,后面所接的成分自然是谓语,所以在不会影响句子的意思下,是可以把that 省去的。
三、一般疑问句作句子成分1.用w hether 或if 引导先将疑问句的倒装语序变成陈述句语序(即主语放在谓语的前面),并在句首加上whether 或if(if 只用在宾语从句中)来引导,以保留原句的疑问意义。
即“whether+陈述句”2. if 还是 whether?1)if 一般只用于引导宾语从句,而 whether 可引导宾语从句在 内的其他名词从句。
IF he comes or not makes no difference. 成 Whether he comes or not makes no difference.2)if 不和 or not 直接连用,即一般不说 if or not, 但可以说 if...or not 。
名词性从句讲义-高三英语一轮复习
一.概念:名词性从句就相当于一个名词(因为名词可以充当主语,宾语和表语,所以名词性从句包含主语从句,宾语从句和表语从句和同位语从句)二.名词性从句主语从句That she is beautiful is a fact.主语从句系定表宾语从句We know that she is beautiful.主谓宾语从句表语从句 Our opinion is that she is beautiful.主系表语从句同位语从句The opinion that she is beautiful is a fact.主同位语从句系定表三.名词性从句的格式 1. that+陈述句=名词宾1.结构:主语 + 谓语2.语序:陈述句语序3.连接词 :①由that 引导②由if /whether 引导know if / whether Hua likes fish.③由特殊疑问词引导,表示特殊疑问意义 I want to know what time it is now.4.时态①当主句是一般现在时,从句根据情况使用任何时态。
(即:主现从不限)I don’t know (that) she is singing now.②当主句是一般过去时,从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。
He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。
③主句使用一般过去时,但从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象时、从句仍用一般现在时。
The teacher told us light travels faster than sound.一、一般结构:主语+连系动词+表语从句,二、可以接表语从句的词有:①be(being, been, am ,is, are, was, were)(be动词)② feel,look,sound, taste, smell (感官动词)③ stand, lie,remain, keep, stay(保持动词)④bee, get, grow, turn ,go ,prove(变化动词)⑤ seem, appear(表象动词)三、公式:a.由连接词that(无意义), whether(是否)引导的表语从句这时主句的主语常常是抽象名词,如problem, result, chance, suggestion, question, reason 等,表语从句对主句主语进行说明,解释等。
高中英语2024届高考名词性从句知识分类讲解(主语从句+宾语从句+表语从句+同位语从句)
高考英语名词性从句知识讲解名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子,功能相当于名词词组。
名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中,作主语的句子称为主语从句。
常见的连接词:(连接词在句中不能省略)that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。
【用法】1.连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整,不缺成分,用that引导,that 不能省连接词whether,if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首,也可放句中,表“是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if they can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever,whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when,where,why,how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻,通常把形式主语it放在句首,真正的主语放在句子后面。
常见句型:(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +(a pity / a shame / a fact …)+ that ...(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +(true / clear / important …)+ that ...(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped… + that ...(4) It seems /appears / happens / turned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中,作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。
高中英语名词性从句精讲
高中英语名词性从句精讲从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句,而不能单独作一个句子。
在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:(1)从属连接:that, whether, if(不充当从句的任何成分)(2)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.(3)连接副词:when, where, how, why名词性从句知识点汇总1名词性从句的分类名词性从句,包括四种从句,即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
因为主语、宾语、表语、同位语这四种成分均可以由名词构成,所以这四种从句在主句中都充当了名词的作用,故将这四种从句统称为名词性从句。
如:1.That she will help me made us happy.(主语从句)2.I can understand what he said.(宾语从句)3.This is where I was born.(表语从句)4.The fact that a heavy earthquake happened made me crazy.(同位語从句)2名词性从句的连接词分类1.that(无含义,不充当成分)2.whether,if(有“是否”的含义,但不充当成分)3.连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever.(在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语)连接副词:when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why (在从句中做状语)4. as if,as though,because(不充当成分,在名词性从句中只引导表语从句)3连接词 that 在名词性从句中可以省略的三种情况1.it 做形式主语,that引导主语从句时It is said (that) he has been studying abroad.据说他一直在国外学习。
高考英语复习:名词性从句精讲(上课用)
注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法
1. This is where Lu Xun once lived. 固定句型: This is where…
这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方. 这就是…的地方 This is why … 2. That was how they won the match. 这就是…的原因 他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的. This is how…. 3. This is why she got up so early this morning. 这就是…的方法 这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.
高考英语复习精讲精练
名词性从句
主语从句
表语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
主语从句在句中做------ 主语 表语从句在句中做------ 表语 1. That he will come is certain.
主语从句
宾语从句在句中做------ 宾语 同位语从句在句中----- 同位语
2. I know that he will come.
that 一般不省略 2. The question is whether we can finish the experiment by Friday. 问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验. 表语从句不用 if
实际情况是他从未去过农村.
3. It looks as if it were going to rain.
2. 为什么要有名词性从句? 从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多 比较: The man looked around. 那人看了看四周. (名词作主语) That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother.
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)
whether/if he is well or not. 4. I don’t know ___________
7.The doctor can hardly answer the question
______ whether the old man will recover soon.
名词性从句引导词的用法(2):
(宾语从句)
“whichever”-- “--的哪些或哪个”、作主、表、宾语、
1、Whichever team win the game is possible .
(主语从句)
2、The fact is whichever teacher could help you learn English well . (表语从句) 3、You could choose whichever book you want .
valuable advice(表语从句) .
3、I asked him whether he could do me a favor . 4、Could you tell me the question whether English is useful for us now. (同位语从句)
(宾语从句)
(主语) (宾语) (表语)
1、English is very useful for us . 2、The subject I am interested in is English. 3、We need to master English well. 4、He want to learn the language , English . (同位语)
名词性从句引导词的用法(3):
“whoever”-- “-----的任何人”、作主语、 “whomever”-- “-----的任何人”、作宾语、 “whatever”-- “----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、 “whichever”--- “无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、
高考英语语法名词性从句高频考点精讲与精练
高考英语语法名词性从句高频考点精讲与精练考点一、名词性从句的分类与判断引导名词性从句的连接词用法区别 引导词是否担任成分 有无意义 thatwhetherwhWhat 与who 担任主语或宾语What happened/seemed/is knownWhat SB said/did/wanted/used to be/looks like考点二、名词性从句的语序在名词性从句中一律用语序The problem isA. when we will startB. when will we start考点三、主语从句主语从句: 在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句根据引导词可分为根据其在主句中担任的成分可分为X(一)主语从句的复合句主谓一致一般情况下单个的主语从句作主语,谓语动词用; 两个或以上的主语从句作主语,谓语动词用。
如:When he was born_______(be) not clear.When the person was murdered and why he was murdered_______ (be) still unknown.Who laughs last_______ (laugh) best.(二)主语从句五种句型(1) It is necessary/surprising/positive/certain/clear/obvious/evident/apparent/likely/probable/p ossible that sb do(2) It is a pity/a shame/an honour/a fact/a surprise/ a wonder/no wonder/ a coincidence/one’s responsibility/duty that sb do(3) It is said/known/believed/expected that sb do(4) It happens/comes about/occurs to sb/strikes sb/hits sb/turns out/worries sb a lot /seems/matters that sb do (It doesn't matter whether sb do)(5) What is known is that sb do考点四、宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句介词后的从句也叫宾语从句He was interested inyou told him.(一)that引导的宾语从句改错:She told me that she lived in Beijing and she was an actress .(二)用whether或if引导的宾语从句①I don’t know whether or not he will help us.②I don’t care whether you have money.③I wonder whether sb do④He asked whether sb do⑤I am not sure whether sb do(三)宾语从句中的时态呼应主句是一般现在时,从句.①I know that he (study) English every day.②I know that he (study) English last term.③I know (that) he (study) English next year.④We know that he (study) English since 1998.主句用一般过去时,从句①We believed that he (earn) enough money to build a house.②The teacher told us that he (leave) us for America.当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句③The teacher told us that the sun(rise)in the east.(四)否定转移:I/ We think (suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine) that sb not…变为I/ We don’t think that sb do sth判断改错:①We believe that he won’t win the game.判断改错:②He thinks he won’t do so.(五)it做形式宾语1、句型为"6123结构"2、like it/dislike it /hate it that sb doI’d appreciate it if sb dosee to it/rely/depend on it/take it for granted that sb dokeep it in mind that sb do (不能用it)(六)doubt后的宾语从句I doubt whether… I am not sure whether…I don’t doubt that…I am sure that…Do you doubt that… Are you sure that…例句:①We doubt he can win the game.②I don’t doubthe will win the game.(七)suggest/order宾语从句suggest that sb should do建议suggest that sb do/did/will do说明,以为着,认为①He suggested that a meeting_______ (hold) immediately.②The smile on his face suggested that he_______ (pass) the examination. insist that sb should do坚持要求insist that sb do/did/will do坚持认为①I insist that she _______ (do) her work alone②He insisted that he_______ (be) right.考点五、表语从句:表语从句:在句中作表语的句子叫表语从句。
高考英语名词性从句详解
高考名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词名词性从句引导词的分类二.主语从句What he wants to tell us is not clear.Who will win the match is still unknown.Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.注意:有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
常用句型如下:(1)It + be + 名词+ that从句(2)It + be + 形容词+ that从句(3)It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句(4)It + 不及物动词+ that 从句当堂练习:(1)It is immediately clear ____ the financial crisis will soon be over.(2)____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.(3)watch was lost is unknown.(4)he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.三、宾语从句We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.(由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)
复合句
4.Both Tom and Mike are American boys. 简单句 5.He said that he has known all before. 复合句
A
3
复合句:主句+引导词+从句
定语从句
复合句 名词性从句
状语从句
A
4
请思考 定语从句的定义:
起定语作用,用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
6. The fact is that she never knew the secret.
(从句作表语)
3. 在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面) 叫做表语从句。
A
12
注意:
The reason for his absence was that he was ill in hospital.
I think it best that you should seek for a solution to the problem.
在口语或非正式文体中,引导宾语从句的连词that 常可省 略。但形式宾语it后面的that 不能省略。
A
11
5. You are a student.
(名词作表语)
英语名词性从句
Noun Clause
A
1
Review: 英语句子的种类有两种,按句子的用途
可分为陈述、疑问、祈使和感叹句四种。
而按句子的结构可分三种:
主语+谓语
主语+谓语+宾语
1) 简单句
主语+系动词+表语 主语+谓语+间宾+直宾
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
2) 并列句 简单句+并列连词+简单句
高考英语名词性从句语法知识点讲解
高考英语名词性从句语法知识点讲解主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句作及物动词宾语作介词宾语that一般不省略可以省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略Whether/if(是否)放于句首时只用whether用whether/if均可,但有区别只用whether只用whether只用whether特殊疑问词注意语序要用陈述语序名词性关系从句注意语序要用陈述语序一、that 从句1、主语从句(1)that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certai n,probable,etc.)+that从句It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句(2)that可以省略,但that从句位于句首时,that不能省略。
2、宾语从句(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。
在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。
(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语,偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。
3、表语从句(that不可省略)4、同位语从句连词that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词之后,如:fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that在从句中不担当任何成分,不能省略。
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)
to for help .
(表语从句)
3、His mother asked him whom he could believe in .
(宾语从句)
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾语、起连接作用
hand .
(表语从句)
3、I want to know whose suggestion is more
practical .
(宾语从句)
名词性从句引导词的用法(3):
连接代词
“whoever”-- “-----的任何人”、作主语、 “whomever”-- “-----的任何人”、作宾语、 “whatever”-- “----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、 “whichever”--- “无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、
(表语从句)
3、Could you tell me which one is right .
(宾语从句)
“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作 用
1、Whose bag was the most beautiful is still
unknown now .
(主语从句)
2、The question is whose friends could lend me a
1、What I desire to get is a good reputation .
(主语从句)
2、What he will tell me is what I have been expecting
to know .
(表语从句)
3、They agree with what I said just now .
高考英语名词性从句详解
高考英语名词性从句详解易错点引导词what 与that 的区别;引导词whether 和if 的区别;名词性从句的语序;who / whoever,what / whatever 等的区别;where,when,why 等连接副词引导的名词性从句;“介词+ who(m)”引导的宾语从句与“介词+who(m)”引导的宾语从句的区别;名词性从句中有插入成分时;引导词that 的省略;同位语从句引导词where,when 的用法特点一、引导词what 与that 的区别引导主、宾、表语从句时,what 要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分,that 不作任何成分,而只在语法上起连接作用。
例如_________ we can’t get seems better than _________ we have.A. What;whatB. What;thatC. That;thatD. That;what解析:本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句,且两个从句都缺乏宾语,可见两个引导词都必须充当从句的宾语,所以答案为A 项。
在下面的例句中,that 不充当任何成分,只起语法连接作用(因为句子本身不缺成分):That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.二、引导词whether 和if 的区别通常,引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时,连词要用whether,而不用if ;习惯上也只能说whether or not,而不说if or not .例如:_________ the meeting will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. WheneverB. IfC. WhetherD. That解析:题中的从句位于句首,不难知道这是一个主语从句,根据句意,答案为 C 项。
但如果宾语或主语从句为否定句时,只能用that,不能用whether 引导。
高考英语名词性从句讲解
高考英语名词性从句讲解一、概念:名词性从句相当于名词词组,在复合句中起名词性作用。
分类:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的1)连接词:that, whether, if;2)关系代词:who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever;3) 关系副词:when, where, how, why.二、要点:人物主语:who, whoever what, whatever宾语:whom, whomever what, whatever名词性从句表语:whom what定语:which what whose状语when where why how whenever however wherever不做成份:that if/whether as if /as though三、基础知识学习:1主语从句: 主语从句是在复合句中代替作主语的名词, 充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1.that 引导的主语从句①句首That a round-trip to Mars would take more than a year and a half is estimated.That he misunderstood me is obvious.That引导主语从句,放句首,不做任何成分,不可省略。
②用形式主语it来引导句子A. that引导主语从句放句首时,有时会为了避免头重脚轻,保持句子平衡,常用it做形式主语,把真正的that引导的主语从句放句后。
It is strange that he made no answer.It is known to all that the earth is round.B. 用it做形式主语的主语从句结构注意:i. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
高考英语名词性从句专题(精辟)
名词性从句名词性从句的考查要点:(1) What ,that 引导名词性从句的区别;(2) Whether ,if 引导名词性从句的区别;(3) 同位语从句和定语从句的区别;一、 名词性从句概述在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses )。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、和同位语,因此根据它在句中充当不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词性从句比较请注意1、名词性从句中的that 省略情况:动词后的宾语从句和表语从句中的that 可以省略。
2、No matter +wh-开头的词如no matter what 等只能连接让步状语从句。
而wh-开头的词+ever 如whatever 等既能连接让步状语从句,也能连接名词性从句。
解题步骤和原则:分析复合句结构,找出从句,确定名词性从句中的哪一类。
分析从句,结合上表中各个连接词的特点,缺什么补什么。
主语从句应注意的问题主语从句中It 作形式主语常用句型:1. It + be +形容词(obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, probable, certain,wonderful, good, etc.) + that 从句2. It + be +名词词组(no wonder ,a pity ,an honor, a good thing, no surprise , etc.) +that 从句3. It + be + 过去分词(said, thought, reported, expected, announced, decided , etc.)+ that 从句4. It +不及物动词(seem, happen, etc.) + that 从句5. It doesn’t matter(make no different, etc.) + 连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句Eg: It is certain that she will do well in her exam.Eg形式主语主语从句1.(2012课标·全国I) It is by no means clear__________ the president can do to end the strike.A.howB. whichC. thatD. what2.(2012天津,7) It doesn’t matter _______you turn right or left at the crossing — both roadslead to the park.A. whetherB. howC. ifD. when3.(2012江西,25) It suddenly occurred to him_________ he had left his keys in the office.A. whetherB. whereC. whichD. that宾语从句应注意的问题1. if /whether表示“是否” 可以互换,但以下情况只能用whether,不用if. (1)在介词后面Eg:Everything depends on whether we have enough time.(2)与or not连用Eg:I don’t know whether he will come or not.(3)宾语从句提前时Eg:whether they can come here on time, we don’t know.(4)后面跟不定式Eg:I really don’t know whether to accept or refuse.2. 宾语从句的时态(一般来说,主从句时态要统一。
高考英语语法一轮复习——名词性从句精讲及练习(附答案)
名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一.主语从句主语从句是在主句中作主语的句子,它由连接词引导,通常位于谓语动词之前。
1. 连词:在从句中不充当任何成分,常用见的引导主语从句的连词有三个,即that, whether和if.That he got the first prize excited him much. 他获得一等奖一事使他非常兴奋。
Whether you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it. 你能否功取决于你努力的程度。
注意:whether引导的主语从句常用置于句首,表示“是否”之意;if引导主语从句时不置于句首。
2. 连接代词:在从句中起名词或代词的作用,常作从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语,有具体意义且不能省略。
常见的连接代词有who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever.What we should do with the problem is undecided. 我们如何处理这上问题还未作出决定。
3. 连接副词:在从句中起副的作用,常作从句的状语,表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。
常见的连接副词有when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。
How they will solve the serious problem has not been decided. 他们将如何解决这个严重的问题还没有决定。
Why he did that wasn’t quite clear. 他为什么做那件事还不十分清楚。
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句讲解
适用文档名词性从句解说在复合句中起名作用的从句叫做名性从句。
它包含主从句、从句、表从句和同位从句。
名性从句是中学段的一个重要法目,在年的高考取几乎都波及到,而且每年的命各有化。
解析届高考名性从句考的焦点主要有以下六个方面1.考名性从句的序2.考引 that与 what 的区3.考 it 在名性从句中作形式主或形式的用法4.考 whether 与 if 的区5.考名性从句中的疑+ever 引的名性从句与no matter+ 疑引的状从句的区6.考名性从句的虚气法重点解析一、名性从句主从句、表从句、从句、同位从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名。
所以,四种从句通称名性从句。
引名性从句的接可分三:接: that, whether, if(不充任从句的任何成分)接代: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.接副: when, where, how, why1.主从句作句子主的从句叫主从句。
主从句往常由附属that ,whether ,if和接代what ,who,which ,whatever , whoever 以及接副 how, when, where, why 等引。
that 在句中无,只起接作用;接代和接副在句中既保存自己的疑含、又起接作用,在从句中充任从句的成分。
比如:What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我什么,不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer.我都知道他是如何成一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英晚会将在哪里行,没有宣告。
有防止句子重脚,常用形式主it取代主从句作形式主放于句首,而把主从句置于句末。
主从句后的一般用数形式。
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名词性从句一、名词性从句的引导词有:连接词:that、if、whether连接代词:who/ whom/whose/what/which/wh_ever连接副词:when/where/why/how/二、各种连接词的用法:1.连接词that、whether、if 不在它们引导的主语从句中充当句子成分。
2. 连接代词who、whose、what、which等都在句子中担当一个句子成分。
比如:主语、宾语、表语、定语等等。
3. 关系副词when、where、how、why等分别在句子中作时间状语、地点状语、方式状语等等。
➢主语从句(The Subject Clause)作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if 和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词在从句中起名词的作用,在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语等;连接副词在从句中起副词的作用,作状语。
例如:1.从属连词that 引导的主语从句That light travels in straight line is known to all. 众所周知,光是以直线传播的。
It so happens that I know the man. 碰巧我理解那个。
Is it certain that they will win 他们一定会赢吗常以it作形式主语的句型有:A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny,possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。
如:It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
注:necessary, important, natural, strange后面用虚拟语气(should) doIt is natural that they should have different views.B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, a fact, a shame, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, good news etc.)+that从句。
如:It’s a pity that you didn't attend the lecture yesterday.It's a fact that English has been widely used in the world.It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。
如:It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D. It+seems, happens等不及物动词及短语+that从句。
如:It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。
It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.E.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。
如:Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗?Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗?F.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。
如:How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪!2.Whether引导的主语从句可置于句首,if引导的主语从句只能放句末。
Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没相关系。
(主语从句,不可用if代替whether)Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.It is doubtful whether /if the work can be completed on time.3.Wh- 类连接词引导的主语从句连接代词有who, whom, whose, what ,which,whoever, whomever, whichever,whatever等; 连接副词when ,where, how, why,whenever, wherever, however 等。
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
Whoever comes to the club is welcome. 不论谁来参加这个俱乐部都欢迎。
Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的就值得做好。
注:Wh- 类连接词引导的主语从句可置于句首也可置于句末,置于句末借助形式主语it代替wh-从句Who will be in charge of the project hasn't been decided yet.= it hasn't been decidedyet Who will be in charge of the project.句型It doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。
如:It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
➢宾语从句(The Object Clause)名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句:动词或介词及形容词的宾语从句。
A. 作动词宾语He told us(that)he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。
Do you know whose dictionary it is 你知道这是谁的字典?He has informed me when they are to discuss the work plan. 他已经通知我他们将什么时候讨论工作计划Give a reading list to whoever comes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。
注意:doubt(怀疑)的肯定句接if/ whether引导的宾语从句,但否定句和疑问句接that引导的宾语从句。
I doubt whether if he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。
I do not doubt that he can recite the poem. 我相信他能把这首诗背下来。
Do you doubt that he will win 你不相信会获胜吗B.作介词的宾语He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
They were praised or criticizd according to how they had done their work. 他们受表扬还是受批评是根据他们工作好坏而定。
He goes to the library every day except when it is raining. 除了天下雨外,他每天都去图书馆。
注意:that引导的宾语从句只用在少数介词后,如:except, in, but等。
此时,that 不能省略。
I know little about him except that he lives downstais. 我对他知之甚少,只知道他住在楼下。
He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading. 他和他的同学们不同的地方在于他把业余时间用在阅读上。
C. 作形容词的宾语I am not sure what I ought to do. 我不能确定我该做什么。
I'm afraid (that) you don't understand what I said. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I'm suprised (that) I didn't see all that before. 我好奇怪,我以前没见过那一切。