高考名词性从句精讲

名词性从句

一、名词性从句的引导词有：

连接词：that、if、whether

连接代词：who/ whom/whose/what/which/wh_ever

连接副词：when/where/why/how/

二、各种连接词的用法：

1.连接词that、whether、if 不在它们引导的主语从句中充当句子成分。

2. 连接代词who、whose、what、which等都在句子中担当一个句子成分。比如：主语、宾语、表语、定语等等。

3. 关系副词when、where、how、why等分别在句子中作时间状语、地点状语、方式状语等等。

➢主语从句（The Subject Clause）

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if 和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词在从句中起名词的作用，在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等；连接副词在从句中起副词的作用，作状语。例如：

1.从属连词that 引导的主语从句

That light travels in straight line is known to all. 众所周知，光是以直线传播的。

It so happens that I know the man. 碰巧我理解那个。

Is it certain that they will win 他们一定会赢吗

常以it作形式主语的句型有：

A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny,

possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如：

It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。

It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。

注：necessary, important, natural, strange后面用虚拟语气(should) do

It is natural that they should have different views.

B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, a fact, a shame, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, good news etc.)+that从句。如：

It’s a pity that you didn't attend the lecture yesterday.

It's a fact that English has been widely used in the world.

It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。

C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。如：

It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。

It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.

据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。

D. It+seems, happens等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：

It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。

It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。

It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.

E.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：

Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？

Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗？

F.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：

How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！

2.Whether引导的主语从句可置于句首，if引导的主语从句只能放句末。Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没相关系。（主语从句，不可用if代替whether）

Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.

It is doubtful whether /if the work can be completed on time.

3.Wh- 类连接词引导的主语从句

连接代词有who, whom, whose, what ,which，whoever, whomever, whichever,

whatever等; 连接副词when ,where, how, why，whenever, wherever, however 等。

What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚

It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.

英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。Whoever comes to the club is welcome. 不论谁来参加这个俱乐部都欢迎。Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的就值得做好。注：Wh- 类连接词引导的主语从句可置于句首也可置于句末，置于句末借助

形式主语it代替wh-从句

Who will be in charge of the project hasn't been decided yet.= it hasn't been decided

yet Who will be in charge of the project.

句型It doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的

主语从句。如：

It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。

It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无

区别。

➢宾语从句（The Object Clause）

名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句：动词或介词及形容词的宾语从句。

A. 作动词宾语

He told us（that）he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。

Do you know whose dictionary it is 你知道这是谁的字典？

He has informed me when they are to discuss the work plan. 他已经通知我他们将什么时候讨论工作计划

Give a reading list to whoever comes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。

注意：