同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试模拟试题

Paper One 试卷一(90 minutes)Part I: Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirection:In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. A: What do you plan to do for the next weekend? So far I have no plans at all.B: __________A. Sorry, It is not my business.B. So I do.C. I have nothing to say.D. You could go swimming.2. A: You are a college student. Tell me what you would like to do?B: __________A. I like to take a taxi.B. I don’t know, but I like to develop computer software.C. I will go and have fun with my classmates.D. I don’t know, but I like to have a choice.3. A: Let me introduce myself. I am Henry.B: __________Henry. I am Peter Brow. Call me Peter or .A. How do you do?B. It’s nice.C. It’s very kink of you.D. How is it?4. A: Where is Mike this morning? Have you seen him?B: No. I think he’s got a cold. Yesterday, he was not feeling well.A: __________A. Just tell him to take it easy.B. He is absent.C. What’s the matter with him?D. What? Where is he?5. A: I’m so glad that you’ve come to our wedding.B: Congratulations, and __________A. all my good wishes!B. all wishes!C. happy forever!D. all my best wishes!Section BDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.6. W: Did you have much trouble with the exam?M: Not really.Q: How was the man doing with the exam?A. He didn’t have much trouble.B. He is sure that he did perfectly in the exam.C. He did very badly in the exam.D. He didn’t take the exam.7. W: Where are these tablets located?M: You need a prescription for those. If you have one, I can get it for you right a way.Q: What does the man do?A. He is a librarian.B. He is a pharmacist.C. He is a salesman.D. He is a doctor.8. M: Can’t we slow down? Don’t you feel tired?W: slow down? Don’t you realize that it is already half past eight?Q: What does the woman’s response mean?A. She doesn’t like walking with the man.B. She doesn’t feel tired.C. She is going very fast.D. She is anxious about not going to be on time.9. W: Hello, how can I help you?M: I’d like to book table for six for today’s lunch.Q: What is probably the woman?A. A nurse.B. A librarian.C. An operator in a restaurant.D. A lawyer.10. W: Don’t you know Jim works as a dish washer at a restaurant around the corner?M: It isn’t a bad job to start with. I wouldn’t mind that job for the summer if no othersare available.Q: What does the man mean?A. He likes the job of a dish washer because it pays well.B. He thinks it’s important to have a good job form the beginning.C. He hates to be a dish washer because it’s boring.D. He would work as dish washer in summer if he has to.Part II: Vocabulary(10 minutes, 10 points, for each)Section ADirections:In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11. If observations confirmed the scientists’ predictions, the theory is supported.A. finishedB. adjustedC. investigatedD. upheld12. In the nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of hest was rudimentary.A. growingB. undevelopedC. necessaryD. uninteresting13. One award subsidizes a promising American writer’s visit to Rome.A. assuresB. financesC. schedulesD. publishes14. Even scratches found on fossil human teeth offer clues .A. solutionsB. detailsC. damageD. information15. The newspaper had a remarkable influence in rural areas, especially in Western Communities.A. significantB. discussibleC. remoteD. uneven16. It’s a sheer waste of time to argue with such a fool.A. a completeB. a onlyC. a surelyD. absolutely17. To shatter a mirror accidentally is considered bad luck.A. dropB. coverC. smashD. knock18. Dr. Bamard felt that his efforts were not in vain even when his first attempts at transplanting human hearts failed.A. substantiatedB. frustratedC. fruitlessD. variable19. The story of Santa Claus is a myth cherished by ChildrenA. excuseB. legendC. rallyD. beard20. The weather has completely wrecked our plans.A. changedB. postponedC. spoiledD. revisedSection BDirections: In this section there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. The student couldn’t _________ what the teacher was trying to explainA. makeB. figureC. graspD. gainlorry driver was badly ________ when his lorry crashed into a wall.A. hitB. damagedC. painedD. hurt23. I shouldn’t imagine there is _______ in earth who can answer that questionA. no oneB. somebodyC. some personD. anyone24. ________ ten minutes of the start of the game two players had been sent off.A. BeforeB. InsideC. AroundD. Within25. It is great _______ that the exhibition was cancelled at the last minute after all your work.A. pityB. sorrowC. complainD. sadness26. I think he is ______ his time looking for a job there; they are not talking any staff on at presentA. wastingB. losingC. spendingD. missing27. History was his ________ in the college. He teaches history now.A. mayorB. minorC. minerD. major28. Children under the age of 16 are not _______ to enter for the competition.A. compulsoryB. capableC. compatibleD. eligible29. The discovery of oil in the 1980s has _______ that nation.A. enhancedB. enlargedC. enrichedD. elevated30. The car burst into ________ but the driver managed to escapeA. fireB. burningC. heartD. flamesPart III: Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points, 1 for each)Directions:There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneAutomation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the Second Industrial Revolution.Labor’s concern over automation arises form uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labor has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase to in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest oflabor lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.To protect the interests of their members of in era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest I preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on service. Another approach is the idea of the “improvement factor”, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possibly, however, that labor will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to get the full benefits of automation.31. In order to get the full benefits of automation, labor will depend mostly on______.A. additional payment to the permanently dismissed workers.B. the increase of wages in proportion to the increase ion productivityC. shorter working hours and more leisure timeD. strong drive for planning new installations32. Which of the following is N OT the characteristic of the “Second Industrial Revolution”?A. The automatic operation of productive machinery.B. A decrease in the necessity for human effort in production.C. The manufacturing of large amount of goods.D. A reduction in leisure time33. Why is labor concerned over automation?A. Because the workers are afraid that they are not skilled in operating the machine.B. Because the workers are afraid that they are not qualified for the jobC. Because the workers are afraid that they may lose their jobsD. Because the workers are afraid that they will be paid less34. Labor’s attitude toward automation is that ______.A. workers have to accept it since technological change cannot be stoppedB. it should be welcomed since it will bring about a fall in costC. all efforts must be made to prevent automationD. its main interest lies in increasing its wages35. Which of the following will probably NOT be a long run result of automation?A. Industrial expansionB. An increase in employmentC. An increase in unemploymentD. Displacement of labor from one industry to another.Passage TwoBotany, the study of plants occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest of insights. It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but form what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognize literally hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them, botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge” at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from directcontact with plant, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grow. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season the first great step in anew association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a littlehere and a little there from many varieties that grew wild-and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.36. What does the first paragraph say about early humans?A. They did not enjoy the study of botany.B. They probably had extensive knowledge of plants.C. They kept detailed records of all the plants they knew.D. They had long established botany as a special branch of knowledge.37. What does the comment “This is logical” in the first paragraph mean?A. Plants provide food for all living things.B. Plants are most important to the welfare of people.C. It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants.D. It is hard for us to determine the extent of ancestor’s knowledge of plants38. According to the passage, why has general knowledge of botany begun to fade.A. Because people no longer value plants as a useful resource.B. Because direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased.C. Because botany is not recognized as a special branch of science.D. Because research is unable to keep up with the increasing number of plants.39. Why does the author mention “a rose, an apple, or an orchid ”in the second paragraph?A. To illustrate the diversity of botanical life.B. To make the passage more vivid and poetic.C. To cite examples of plants that are attractive.D. To give botanical examples that most people can recognize.40. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?A. The changing diets of early humans.B. The development of a system of names for plants.C. The invention of agricultural implements and machinery.D. The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted.Passage ThreeWind-generated power offers many advantages for an energy-hungry society becoming increasingly aware of the negative environmental effect of conventional electricity-generating systems. In contrast to coal or oil-fired power station in which the majority of California’s electricity is produced, wind-powered stations have a minimal effect on the environment. They produce neither carbon dioxide missions which add to the Greenhouse Effect nor do they contribute to the phenomenon of acid rain which kills the lakes and forests where it falls. Unlike nuclear plants, wind stations cannot become another Chernobyl.Wind power, like solar, hydro-electric and tidal power, is infinitely renewable, non-polluting source of energy and is becoming increasingly important in satisfying the state’s energy needs. However, if there is no wind, there will be no power. Even when the wind stations are sited on the windiest hills there is no guarantee that the wind will blow 24 hours a day.Until ways can be found to store generated power that can be used when the winds die down, wind power will remain a supplementary source of the state’s energy. Present wind towers still require a minimum wind speed of around 25 kilometers per hour to generate commercially usable electricity mean that wind power is not economically competitive with conventional fossil or nuclear stations.Environmentalists are also concerned about the visual effect wind stations have on the landscape. In order to generate commercially usable quantities of electricity it is necessary to install a large number of wind towers. In the Los Remos scheme there are 150 steel wind towers, each around 30meters high, covering a total area of 80 hectares. They are silent and safe but ugly, making the beautiful Los Remos Range begin to look like Manhattan in miniature.Harnessing the wind does offer a clean, renewable source of energy , but until technology increases the efficiency and reliability of the system it will not be able to replace conventional fossil fuel or nuclear powered stations.41. it seems that the chief advantage of wind powered stations lies in______.A. its non-polluting effectsB. its availability at any timeC. its satisfaction of the state’s energy needsD. its beautification effects42. Wind-powered stations would not be a solution to the state’s energy needs if_____ __.A. they were not built on the windiest hills.B. ways to store the generated power were not foundC. they were used only for commercial purposesD. ways were not found to increase the wind speedchief concern of the environmentalists about the wind powered stations is that_______A. They are affecting the natural sceneries badlyB. there is often no wind enough to drive themC. they are not economically competitive with traditional stationsD. they are not commercially renewable44. According to the passage, which of the following can be harnessed in conventional fossil stations?A. Uranium.B. WaterfallC. TideD. Petroleum45. What is the author’s attitude towards wind-powered station?A. Objective.B. NegativeC. IndifferentD. Subjective.Passage FourThe food irradiation process is a simple one. The new U.S. plant, Vindicator of Florida Incorporated in Mulberry, Fla., uses a material called cobalt 60 to irradiate food. Cobalt 60 is radioactive isotope (form) of the metallic element cobalt. Cobalt 60 , which gives off radiation in the form of gamma rays, is also used for radiation therapy for canner patients and for sterilizing hospital equipment. The radioactive isotope is created by bombarding cobalt with subatomic particles in a nuclear reactor. However ,irradiation plants do not themselves contain nuclear reactors.In the irradiation plant , food is exposed to thin rods of cobalt 60. the rods give off gamma rays , which disrupt chemical processes in contaminating organisms. The disruption breaks down the cell walls of organisms or destroys their genetic material. The dose , set by the . Food and Drug Administration(FDA), is enough to kill organisms on food ,but not enough to produce significant changes in the food itself.Although irradiation slightly decreases the nutritive value of foods, the loss is less than that produced by some other methods of food preservation. Canning, for example, results in a much greater loss of nutrients.Those who object to irradiation say that the process may create substances not foundin nonirradiated food. Since the 1960’s researchers have studied irradiated food at microscopic levels to try to find such substances, called unique radiolytic products. After reviewing these studies, the FDA determined that compounds formed during irradiation are similar to substance found in nonirradiated foods and are not dangerous to consume.Destruction of microorganisms that cause illness is an important goal of irradiation. About 250 million cases of food poisoning or 1 per person—occur every year in the U.S., according to FDA estimates. Food poisoning can cause vomiting, diarrhea, fever, headache—and, occasionally, death.Because of the apparent safety of food irradiation, and the problems presented by contaminated food, scientific groups—including the American Medical Association, the World Health Organization, and the United Nations food and Agriculture Association—have voiced nearly universal support for the process. Worldwide ,38 nations have approved irradiation for 355 products.Like microwave ovens, food irradiation has aroused apprehension and misunderstanding. Yet it has been scrutinized more thoroughly than other methods of food treatment that we have come to regard as safe, and it appears to be a method whose time has come.46. Cobalt 60, besides irradiating food, is also employed to______.A. detect metallic flawsB. run a nuclear reactorC. cure cancer patientsD. strengthen concrete walls47. Gamma rays used to irradiate food _______.A. are generally not strong enough to destroy contaminating organismsB. do not bring about significant changes in the food itselfC. may destroy some of the nutrients in the foodD. should be submitted to FDA foe approval48. Irradiated food____A. certainly loses its nutritive valueB. maintains its nutritive value no different from the nonirradiatedC. keeps its nutritive value better than canned foodD. is recommended as the best of all preserved foods49. With case of food poisoning increasing,______A. food irradiation should be carried out with careB. it is more urgent to irradiate foodsC. medical researches into treatment of the diseased should be strengthenedD. Americans are beginning to accept food irradiation50. the passage may be taken from ______A. a news reportB. a textbook of food processingC. a book of popular scienceD. a manual of food irradiationPassage FiveAn Asian engineer is assigned to a U.S. laboratory and almost suffers a nervous breakdown.A U.S. executive tells his staff he’s going to treat them fairly—and creates dissension.A Japanese manager is promoted by his British president, but within six months asks for a transfer. Each of these real-life cases involved people who were regarded as superior employees, but were ill-equipped to cope with the complexities and dangers of intercultural management.“Multinational companies have studies everything else, now they’re finally looking at culture”, says Clifford Clark, founder and president of the California-based IPI International Inc, one of a small but growing number of consulting firms that specialize in teaching business people from differing cultures how to communicate and work with each other.“Never show the shoe to an Arab ,never arrive on time for a party in Brazil, and in Japan, don’t think, ‘yes’, means ‘yes’,” advise . consultants Lennie Copland and Lewis Brown Griggs, who have produced a series of films and book to help managers improve their international business skills. But simply learning the social “dos” and “ts” is not the answer ,according to the new culture specialists. The penalties for ignoring different thinking patterns, they point out ,can be disastrous.For example, the American manager who promised to be fair thought he was telling his Japanese staff that their hard work would be rewarded, but when some workers received higher salary increase than others, there were complaints. “You told us you’d better fair, and you lied to us, “accused one salesman. “It look me a year and a half”, sighed the American, “to realise that ‘fair’, to my staff, meant being treated equally.”The Asian engineer who suffered in America was the victim of another mistaken expectation. “He was accustomed to the warm group environment so typical in Japan,”said his U.S. manager. “But in our company, we’re all expected to be self-starters, who thrive on working alone. For him ,it was emotional starvation. He’s made the adjustment now, but he’d be humiliated if I told you his name, that’s another cultural difference.”The Japanese manager who failed to respond to his promotion couldn’t bring himself to use the more direct language needed to communicate with his London-based superiors. “I used to think all this talk about cultural communication was a lot of baloney,”says Eugene J. Flath, president of Intel Japan Ltd., a subsidiary of the American semiconductor maker. “Now, I can see it’s a real problem, miscommunication has slowed our ability to coordinate action with our home office.”That’s why Intel, with the help of consultant Clarke, began an intercultural training program this spring which Flath expects will dramatically reduce decision-making time now lost in making sure the Americans and the Japanese understand each other.51. the best title for the passage would be _________A. Building Bridges over the Cultural Rivers training for BusinessmenC. Learning Different Thinking PatternsD. Communication Problems and Complaints52. Why did the Japanese staff complain to the American manager?A. The American manager had lied to them .B. The salary increases were insufficient.C. Most staff had not received salary increases.D. There was a misunderstanding of the word “fair”.53. The cultural communication problems are becoming especially urgent for_____.A. American managersB. multinational companiesC. Japanese employeesD. consulting firmsmultinational training program is mostly concerned with the relation between Americans and ____.A. JapaneseB. ArabsC. BraziliznsD. Oriental55. Why did the promoted Japanese manager ask for a transfer?A. He was not competent foe the higher position.B. He was not accustomed to working by himself.C. He could not make the adjustment to his new job.D. He lacked adequate communication with his superiors.Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)Directions:In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the 56 half of the 19th century; most of them were charitable. Both in Europe and in the ., the day nursery movement received great 57 during the First World War, when shortage of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented(前所未有) numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established 58 in munitions(军火) plants, under direct government sponsorship. Although the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose 59 , this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, 60 , federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control over the day nurseries, chiefly by 61 them and by. The 62 of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were 63 called up on to replace men in the factories. On this 64 the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 65 $ 6,000,000 in July ,1942,for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities 66 this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared for in daycare centers receiving Federal 67 . Soon afterward, the Federal government 68 cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later 69 them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 70 at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.56. A. latter B. late C. other D. first57. A. impetus B. input C. imitation D. initiative58. A. hardly B. entirely C. only D. even59. A. unanimously B. sharply C. predominantly D. militantly60. A. therefore B. consequently C. however D. moreover61. A. formulating B. labeling C. patenting D. licensing62. A. outset B. outbreak C. breakthrough D. breakdown63. A. again B. thus C. repeatedly D. yet64. A. circumstance B. occasion C. case D. situation65. A. regulating B. summoning C. allocating D. transferring66. A. expanded B. facilitated C. supplemented D. compensated67. A. pensions B. subsidies C. revenues D. budgets68. A. prevalently B. furiously C. statistically D. drastically69. A. abolished B. diminished C. jeopardized D. precluded70. A. nurseries B. homes C. jobs D. childrenPart V Error Detection (5 minutes, 5 points, for each)Directions: In this part, there are 10 sentences. Each sentence has four underlined words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.71. Because of severe snow and the road blocks, the air force dropped food the and medical suppliesA B CClose the city.D72. The explanation that our instructor gave us was different than the one yours gave us.A B C D73. Their silly, joyful conversation on a child level was meant to create tension and heighten Nancy’s fears。