高考英语语法非谓语动词教学案

语法复习专题非谓语动词

概念：在句中不充当谓语角色的动词形式，它的划分有两种标准（一）：不定式；分词（过去

分词与现在分词）；动名词（二）：不定式；v-ing.形式；过去分词.

一、考点聚焦

1、非谓语动词的句法功能

2、动词不定式复习中应注意的几个问题

（1）不定式作表语与“be + to do sth.”的异同。不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质。

His job is to guard.(说明内容)

The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,＿＿＿＿＿it more difficult.

A. not make

B. not to make

C. not making

D. do not make

Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. seen

be + to do sth.(表示按计划要做的事，或必将发生的，或表示命令等口吻)

翻译: 这项计划得提前三天完成.

（2）带不定式作宾语的词语，构成v.+ to do 形式。

下列词语常不定式作宾语：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire 等。

We agreed here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.

A. having met

B. meeting

C. to meet D .to have met

I don’t know whether you happen , but I’m going to study in the this September . (2004高考辽宁卷)

A．to be heard B．to be hearing C．to hear D．to have heard

下列动词后可接疑问词+不定式，构成decide what to do ..,wonder how to deal with sth.等形式：teach、decide、wonder、show、learn、forget、ask、find、out、advise、discuss等。

示例:

1). I've worked with children before , so I know what ________in my new job.

A．expect ed B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects

2). It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows________.

A. it what to do with

B. what to do it with

C. what to do with it

D. to do what with it

3). The mother didn' t know ___to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.

A. who

B. when

C. how

D. what

（3）如何理解和使用不定式作宾补。

①动词see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel、taste、smell、make、let、

have等的宾补用动词原形，变被动时要加to,此时的不定式就是主语补足语。

Paul doesn't have to be made.He always works hard.

A. learn

B. to learn

C. learned

D. learning

②常用带to不定式作宾补的情况：

主语+ ask / require / tell / order / force / get / want / like/advise/allow/cause/consider/ encourage/forbid/force/intend/order/permit/persuade/remind/request/require/urge/warn/ask/wish+sb. to do. sth.

The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him.

A. not to

B. not to do

C. not do it

D. do not to

The patient was warned oily food after the operation.

A. to eat not

B. eating not

C. not to eat

D. not eating

My advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills.

A. for me taking

B. me taking

C. for me to take

D. me to take

③主语+ think / judge / suppose / believe / consider /imagine/consider + sb. + to be/to be doing/ to have done

注意：不定式的一般式、进行式以及完成式做宾语补足语的区别，同时要注意不定式被动语态的使用。

Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the first computer.

A. to have invented

B. inventing

C. to invent

D. having invented

Robert is said ________abroad. but I don't know what country he studied in.

A. to have studied

B. to study C．to be studying D．to have been studying

④主语+ call on / upon / depend on / wait for / ask for + sb.+ to do sth.

（4）不定式作定语的特殊用法。

①下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance、wish、right、courage、need、promise、time、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等。

I have ______________________(一个出国留学的机会)。

He is _________________(第一个上学的)and __________________(最后一个离校的)

②不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。

There is no one to look after her.

③不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。