spendtakecostpay的用法区别.doc
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
spend, take, cost, pay 这四个单词都有“花费”的意思，但用法各不相同。我们可以将其异同从以下四个方面进行分析。
◇其一：主语。
其中主语为“人”的是spend 和pay；主语为“物”的是take 和cost。其中，take 的主语常常是it。
◇其二：内容。
花“时间”的是spend 和take；花“钱”的是spend, cost 和pay。
◇其三：搭配。
spend 后面的介词是on，若跟动词则用(in) doing ，前面的in 常常省略，可忽略不计。
take 后面的动词形式为to do；
cost 后面跟双宾语，或直接跟钱的数目；
pay 后面常跟介词for。pay for 可分开用也可连用，其意思不一样，参见表二。
◇其四：过去式。
四个动词过去式都不规则，具体变化形式参见表一。
特别要提醒的是cost 过去式不变，在句型转换时须注意时态。
另外，cost 可作为名词使用，表示“费用”。pay 作为名词表示“工‘资”。
The cost (of the trip) is about ￥50 per person. (8A P54)
表一：
⋯⋯
动词S pend Take Cost Pay
主语人it / 事情物人
花/值钱/时间时间钱
过去式Spent Took Cost Paid
表二：
Verbs
Sentence patterns
Chinese meaning
spend
sb.+spend+ some time/money+(in) doing sth
某人花了⋯⋯时间/钱做某事
sb. +spend +some time / money + on sth
某人在⋯⋯上面花了⋯⋯时间/钱
take
it/ sth + takes + sb. +some time+ to do sth.
某人做某事花了⋯⋯时间
it/ sth + takes +some time+ to do sth.
做某事花了⋯⋯时间
cost
sth. + cost + sb. + money
某物花了某人⋯⋯钱
sth. + cost + money
某物值⋯⋯钱
pay
sb .+ pay +money + for sth.
某人花了⋯⋯钱买某物
sb. + pay for sth.
某人为⋯⋯付钱/赔钱
sb. +pay sb.(+money)/sb. +pay money to sb.
某人付（⋯⋯）钱给某人
相关例句：
1. I spend about two hours a day doing my homework. (7A P24)
2. Each student can spend ￥10。（7A P31 ）
3. How much do the cards cost? (7A P76)
4. You pay a little money and they are yours. (7B P25)
5. It takes about twenty minutes to get to the nearest town. (7B P40)
6. We spent three hours walking around the museum. (7B P67)
7. This is great because it takes less time than taking the bus. (8A
P24)
8. I spend a lot of time practicing. (8A P24)
9. Sandy spent less money on CDs than Simon. (8A P30)
10. British students spend less time doing their homework than Chinese
students. (8A P32)
11. The trip from Kitty ’s school to the World Park took about two hours by coach. (8A P40)
12. It takes more than an hour. (8A P44)
13. Who’s going to pay for the drinks?
练习：
1）单项选择：
( ) 1. ----How do you come to school?
----By bike. Taking a bus may _____ much money. And walking ______ too
much time.
A. take; pays
B. cost; takes
C. pay; costs
D. pay; takes
( ) 2. She usually ________ much time shopping in the supermarkets.
A spends
B costs
C takes
D pays
( ) 3. American students spend ________ time _________ homework than
Chinese students.
A. fewer, doing
B. less, to do
C. less, doing
D. least, doing