初三中考语法专项复习—名词
中考英语考点专项复习专题一名词含解析
名词1. 名词语法的基本框架2.名词语境辨析3.名词的正确形式填空4.名词词组填空5.名词在句子中运用6.名词语篇填空1名词语法基本框架名词的数名词的所有格名词单复数的判断1.如何判定是可数名词还是不可数名词①可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如：desk,desks；②可数名词前面可以被基数词,不定冠词（a/an）,many修饰,如：three boys,an apple, many students。
2.如何判定是不可数名词①不可数名词没有复数形式,如：tea,meat；②不可数名词,若表示数量,可用量词加不可数名词,如：a piece of paper, two cups of tea。
3. 常见的名词修饰词①只修饰可数名词的修饰语few 几乎没有a few 有几个several 有几个many 很多a couple of 两个a number of 若干a great/large number of 许多②只修饰不可数名词的修饰语little很少,几乎没有a little有一点儿much很多a good/great deal of很多a bit of有一点儿a large amount of大量的③既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语some 一些a lot of 很多lots of 很多plenty of 充足的enough 足够的most 大多数的hardly any 几乎没有the rest of 剩下的名词拓展1.voice, noise, soundvoice指人的说话声或唱歌声,指人的“嗓音”;noise是“吵闹声、噪音”,指不悦耳的声音;sound指自然界中的任何声音。
2.work与jobwork是不可数名词,指需花费体力和脑力的工作;job是可数名词,多指“零工”或“短工”。
例:a part-time job一份兼职工作;out of work 失业3.family, home, housefamily强调整体,指“家、家庭”时,谓语动词用单数;强调个人,指“家庭成员”时,谓语动词用复数;不用于指住房。
语法专项整理(一)名词
语法专项整理（一）名词1、名词的种类：2、专有名词：专有名词是指某个人、某些地方、某样物品专有的名称。
专有名词第一个字母要大写，前面不加a, an, the3、单数名词：（1）一般名词，在前面加a：a book, a computer,（2）元音字母开头的名词，在前面加an：an egg, an orange（元音字母是：a, e, i, o, u）4、复数名词：规则：（1）一般情况下加s：cat s, apple s（2）以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的加es：potato es, class es, box es, watch es,（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的, 去掉y变成ies：butterfly--butterfl ies以元音字母加y结尾的, 直接加s：days, key s, boy s（4）以f, fe结尾的变成ves: leaf--lea ves, knife--kni ves不规则：（1）改变元音：foot--feet, tooth--teeth, goose--geese, man--men, woman--women, （2）词尾发生变化：child—children（3）形式不变：sheep, deer, fish, people5、不可数名词：在不可数名词前只能加some（一些）, much（许多）（1）液体：water, milk, coke, coffee, juice, tea（2）气体：air, vapour（3）不能“个别的”存在：hair, rice, beef, meat, pork, mutton语法专项整理（二）形容词1、比较级的构成：（1）一般情况下加er：long—longer, tall—taller, small—smaller,（2）汉堡单词，最后一个字母双写加er：big—big ger, fat—fat ter, thin—thin ner, （3）以y结尾的形容词，去掉y 加ier：funny—funn ier, happy—happ ier, heavy—heav ier,（4）以e结尾的形容词，直接加r：nice—nice r, wide—wide r（宽阔的）, large—large r 2、比较级的用法：A+b动词+形容词比较级+than+B A+b动词+数量+形容词比较级+than+BAmy is older than John. Amy is 4cm shorter than John.语法专项整理（三）代词1、人称代词2、物主代词3、指示代词：this, that, these, those如：This is my doll. That is Mary’s.Look at the those sheep. They are eating grass.语法专项整理（四）介词1、表示方法：by bike/ bus/ train/ plane/ taxi/ ship/ car, on foot,2、表示场所：in the park/ zoo/ farm/ school/ library/ classroom, at home,3、表示方向：in, on, under, over, behind, in front of, near4、表示时间：（1）at用在具体的时刻前：at 10:05, at noon, at night,（2）on用在具体的一天前：on Monday, on Friday morning, on June 1st, on the weekend,on New Year’s Day, on my birthday, on my holiday, （3）in用在一段时间前：in the morning, in the week, in March, in spring, in 2007,语法专项整理（五）动名词1、构成：（1）一般情况下，在动词后面加ing：walking, doing（2）当动词以e结尾时，去e加ing：dance--dancing, make—making, write--writing （3）汉堡单词，最后一个字母双写加ing：run--running, swim--swimming2、户外运动：go加动名词go hiking, go fishing, go skating, go skiing, go swimming, go shopping3、爱好：like加动名词like reading books, like riding a bike, like making kites语法专项整理（六）现在进行时1、概念：表示说话时正在进行的动作。
中考语法考试要点(名词代词冠词)
中考语法复习要点（一）名词考点1：不可数名词不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，它们不能直接和表示数字地词或不定冠词连用，也没有复数形式.如：air，time，money，paper，news，traffic，information，advice，weather，homework，work等.它们常可以借助数量词来表示一定地数量.如：a piece of news（一则新闻）、two bottles of water（两瓶水）、four pieces of advice（四条建议）、six pieces of paper（六张纸）不可数名词应注意以下几点：（1）前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数．（2）表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词”There is____bread on thetable．[C] A．a B．one C．a piece of D．many There is some_______on the plate．[B] A．apple B．fish C．milks D．deer考点2：专有名词用于表示事物、人物、地点、组织或国家等名称地词.如：China，The Great Wall，Uncle Li，Lucy考点3：可数名词单数变为复数地几条规律1．一般直接加—sgirl—girls map—maps desk—desks 2．以_s，_x，_sh，_ch结尾地单词常在词尾加—esbus—buses glass—glasses box—boxes brush—brusheswatch—watches match—matches3．以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加—es story—stories baby—babies country —countries，party—parties city—cities family — families但是以元音字母+y 结尾地名词变复数时，直接加—s变复数.如boys、monkeys、holidays等.4．以—o结尾地词变复数.①加—es，如：黑人（negro）英雄（hero）西红柿（tomato）和土豆（potato）复数加（es）Negroes and heroes like eating tomatoes and potatoes．（黑人和英雄喜欢吃西红柿和土豆.）②结尾是两个元音字母地加s，eg．zoo—zoos，radio—radios③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s，eg．piano—pianos④一些名词地缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s，eg．photo（photograph）—photos，kilo （kilogram）kilos⑤zero变复数时，既可加s，也可加es ：zeros ／zeroes5．将词尾f（e）变为ves地单词熟记口诀. 树叶（leaf）半数（half）自己（self）黄，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）上山岗，架（shelf）后窜出一只狼（wolf），好像强盗（thief）逃命（life）忙.（注意：roof地复数为roofs；scarf地复数为scarfs／scarves）6．单数名词变复数地不规则变化：child — children foot —feettooth —teethgoose — geeseman — menwoman — womenpoliceman —policemenmouse — mice7．还有一些名词地单数和复数形式相同. sheep，deer，fish8．另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数.people，police，trousers，pants，clothes，scissors等9．两个名词组成地名词词组常在最后一个名词加—s：girl students twin sisters apple trees但如果前面名词是man或woman时两个名词都变woman doctor—women doctorsman worker—men workers 10．表示民族地单复数常有下列三种变化：①单复数相同：Chinese—Chinese Japanese —Japanese②将man变为menEnglishman—Englishmen Frenchman— Frenchmen③其余在后面+sGerman—Germans American—AmericansIndian—Indians Australian—Australians Canadian—Canadians11．既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词：考点4：名词所有格：1．—’s结构：在英语中，有生命事物地名词以及表示时间、距离、国家、城市地名词，常在词尾加“'s”来表示所有关系，带这种词尾地名词形式称为该名词地所有格.如：my father'scar我父亲地汽车、students' book学生用书.名词所有格地构成规则如下：直接在词尾后加“'s”，如：the girl' s backpack，today's newspaper，Tom's bike，someone else’s book，men's room，Children's Day，W omen's Day以s结尾地名词只须加“' ”.如：the teachers' office，the students' reading-room，the workers' club，Teachers' Day③并列名词地所有格要格外小心.如：Lily and Lucy's room（两人共有一个房间）Lily's and Lucy's rooms（每人分别占有一个房间）④表示时间、距离、国家、城市地名词，加“'s”构成所有格.如：fifteen minutes'walk步行十五分钟地路程the world's population 世界人口注意：表示某人地家和店铺或教堂地名字时，名词所有格地后面经常不出现它所修饰地词.如：at Li Lei's 在李雷地家at the doctor's 在医务室2．of 结构：一些无生命地名词地所有格，可用of 短语来表达.如：the title of the text （课文地标题） the foot of the hill （山脚）3．双重所有格结构：即's 结构和of 结构相结合.如：a friend of my father's 我父亲地一个朋友a car of Mrs ．Brown's 布朗太太地一辆车 a student of Tom's mother's Tom 地妈妈地一个学生注意：the answer to the question 问题地答案the key to the door 门地钥匙（）1．_______________mothers both work in the same hospital ．（08·广东）A ．Tim and Peter’s B ．Tim’s and Peter C ．Tim ’s and Peter’s D ．Tim andPeter （）2．—_____that new bike over there?—I think it’s_____．（09·深圳）A ．Who’s; SamB ．Who’s; Sam’sC ．Whose is; SamD ．Whose is;Sam’s （）3．—Could you take____for these_____?They are very beautiful ．（09·广东）中 考 接 链A ．any photos; tomatoesB ．some photos; tomatoesC ．some photos; tomatosD ．any photoes; tomatoes （）4．—What’s your favorite_____?（09·湖北襄樊）—Summer ．Because I can swim in the river in summer ．A ．subjectB ．seasonC ．musicD ．sport（）5．I am thirsty ．Would you bring me____________，please?（03·广东）A ．some bread B ．some water C ．some cakes D ．some eggs 写出下列名词地复数形式.1．bus ____________2． glass ________ 3．box _________ 4．watch ___________5．tomato _________6．radio _________ 7．photo ________ 8．zoo ______________9．city ____________10．factory _______ 11．country ______ 12．baby _____________13．key ___________14．boy __________ 15． l ife _________16．leaf______________17．thief __________ 18．Chinese _______19．Frenchman ____20．German ___________21．Japanese _______22．American ______ 23．sheep ________24．foot _______________25．tooth __________ 26．child__________ 27．mouse ________28．policeman__________ 29．deer __________ 30．goose __________（）1．In our school there are fifty —five___．A ．women teachersB ．woman teachersC ．women teacherD ．woman’s teacher（）2．A group of______will visit the museum tomorrow ．A ．CanadianB ．Japanese C ．AustralianD ．American （）3．—What would you like ，madam?— I’d like_______，please ．A ．two bottles of orangeB ．two bottles of orangesC ．two bottle of orangesD ．two bottle of orange（）4．—Do you know how many_____a horse has and how many_____a bee has?—Of course ．I know ．A ．teeth; footB ．tooth; footC ．foot; teethD ．teeth; feet 完 形 空 填选 择 空 填（）5．I have got___news from my friend．Do you want to know?A．a piece ofB．any C．a very good D．two pieces（）6．My friend Dave helped me a lot by giving me_____on English learning．A．advicesB．many adviceC．some adviceD．much advice（）7．I won’t go there with you，for I have a lot of____to do．A．works B．working C．job D．work（）8．He often has____for breakfast．A．two breads B．two pieces of breadsC．two pieces of breads D．two pieces of bread（）9．There are some_____in these_____．A．knifes; pencil—boxesB．knives; pencils—boxC．knives; pencil—boxes D．knives; pencils—boxs（）10．_____hate______by air．A．Greens; traveling B．The Green; travelingC．The Greens; travelD．The Greens; traveling（）11．I wonder why_____are interested in action films．A．the peopleB．people C．peoples D．the peoples（）12．________room is on the 5th floor．A．Lucy and Lily B．Lucy and Lily’sC．Lucy’s and LilyD．Lucy’s and Lily’s（）13．This is not my cap，but my_____．A．brothersB．brother’sC．brothers’D．brother（）14．About_______films were shown during the 5th Shanghai International Film Festival ．A．two hundred of B．two hundreds ofC．two hundredD．two hundreds （）15．He dropped the_____and broke it．A．cup of coffeeB．coffee’s cupC．cup of coffeeD．coffee cup（）16．It’s about________walk from my home to the park．A．two hoursB．two hour’sC．two hours’D．two of hours（）17．Will you make_________with Tom？A．friendsB．a friendC．friendD．the friend（）18．This chair is made of _______．A．woodB．woodsC．woodenD．some woods（）19．When Mr．Brown came yesterday，his family________having supper．A．wereB．is C．areD．was（）20．The foreign teacher wants to know the_________name．A．child’B．childrens’C．children’sD．childs’（二）代词考点1：首先注意人称代词、物主代词和反身代词地各种形式;⑴人称代词、物主代词、反身代词变化形式表考点2：人称代词地主格和宾格地区别;人称代词地主格通常放在动词地前面作句子地主语;人称代词地宾格通常放在动词或介词地后面作句子地宾语.I am not good at English．Can you help me? He is so kind that we all like him．考点3：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词地区别：形容词性物主代词只能作定语，修饰后面所接地名词；而名词性物主代词起着代名词地作用，后面不接名词.This is my bag，and that is yours．Their school is much bigger than ours．考点4：代词地位置：单数you，he and I复数we，you and they考点5：it地用法1．作形式主语、形式宾语（1）______is important to get on well with them．[B]A．ThatB．ItC．youD．He（2）I feel_______useful to have sports every day．[C] A．youB．thatC．itD．me2．指婴儿或不明身份、性别地人（1）Who is knocking at the door?_______．[A]A．It’s meB．It’s IC．I am D．I knock （2）Who is that man?_______must be our headmaster．[B] A．HeB．ItC．ThatD．It’s考点6：反身代词不做主语，可作宾语、表语及同位语，必须与被指代地人在人称和数上保持一致，意义为“本人”、“亲自”.如：The old woman often talks toherself．那位老太太经常自言自语.They enjoyed themselves a lot on the school trip．学校旅行时他们玩得很高兴.反身代词地必考词组1．玩地开心enjoy oneself2．随便吃help oneself to…3．自言自语say to oneself4．苏醒come to oneself5．独自地all by oneself6．将某人单独留下leave one by oneself 7．照顾自己look after oneself8．自学learn sth．by oneself/teach oneself sth．考点7：电话用语通常用this指代自己，that 指代对方：1．_______Tom，who_______? [B]A．I am，are youB．This is，is that C．I am，is thatD．This is，are you 2．Hello，_______Mr．Green? [C] A．are youB．you areC．is that考点8：代词one，it，that地用法辨析1．one指代同一类别中地另一个，用来代替可数名词单数，其复数形式为ones;eg．I d on’t like the shirt．Can you show me another one?2．it指代同一个人或物，代替单数可数名词或不可数名词;eg．—Do you like the red pen?—Yes，I like it very much．that指代同一类别中地另一个，可用来代替不可数名词，指代可数名词时其复数为those，通常用于含有比较级别地句子中. eg．The weather in Guangdong is hotter than that in Beijing．The streets in Beijing are wider than those in Guangzhou．考点9：不定代词s ome any one none many much all both eachevery other another little alittle few a few eitherneither考点10：形容词修饰以下不定代词时放在其后面，不定代词通常用作单数：somebody，someone，something，anybody，anyone，anything，nobody，everyone，nothing ，everybody，everythingWould you like something sweet?There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper．Something is wrong with my bike ．（）1．—Which would you like ，tea or coffee? （09·深圳）—Either_____OK ，but I prefer coffee_____milk ．A ．is; hasB ．are; withC ．is; withD ．are; has（）2．——We have five kinds of schoolbags ．Do you like this one?——No ．Can you show me_____?（09·广东）A ．each otherB ．the otherC ．anotherD ．others（）3．Mr ．Wang is very friendly ，and_____like him very much ．（09·北京）A ．weB ．usC ．ourD ．ours（）4．—Are the keys over there _____?—No ．Go and ask Anna ．They may belong to her ．（09·南京）A ．youB ．yourC ．yoursD ．yourself（）5．Millie gave_____a baby cat yesterday that hurt_____when it fell from the tree ．（09·苏州）A ．me;itB ．myself;itselfC ．me;itselfD ．myself;it用括号中所给代词地适当形式填空：1．I bought two tickets for tomorrow ．One is for___________and the other is for my daughter ．（I ）2．The cat washes______________with its tongue ．（it ）3．Thank goodness ．Bob didn’t hurt_____________（him ）4．The two little girls are crying ，because__________can’t find ____________mother ．（they ）5．Miss Green will teach__________Chinese next term ．（we ）6．Let’s do it______________．（we ）7．I t’s an old photo of____________when I was a child ．（my ）8．Is the shirt on the bed_____________?（you ）9．The twins corrected the mistakes on the test papers________________．（them ）10．We made up__________minds to catch up with others ．（us ）11．It’s not my book ．It’s ___________．（her ） 12．“ Enjoy___________!” she said to her friends ．（you ）13．Do you know_____________names ?（they ）中 考 接 链14．Our teacher told____________an interesting story．（they）15．Your brother is too young．You can’t leave__________by___________．（he）16．To____________surprise，there is no one in the room．（she）17．They met a friend of____________in the street yesterday．（they）18．Would you like to go there with__________?（we）19．Let__________go to the movies．（we）20．_________friends are going to see_________．（He）选择方框内合适地词填空：1．____________is waiting for you in the next room．2．I have_____________interesting to tell all of you．3．Do you have_______________to say ?4．Does________________live on that island ?5．_______________is ready for your birthday．6．—Is________________here today ?—No，Helen isn’t here．7．I looked around，but saw_______________and_______________．8．I have two rulers．One is long，the_____________is short．9．This computer is too dear．Would you like to show me_______________one ? 10．There isn’t_____________tea here．What about_____________coffee ?用所给地不定代词填空：（A）few，a few，little，a little1．Hurry up ! There is____________time left．2．He is a man of___________words．That is to say he speaks very ___________．3．— Can you speak English ?—Yes，but only______________．4．Don’t worry．I have_______________cards．（B）all，both，none，neither1．The class____________went to the cinema yesterday．2．_____________of her parents are teachers．3．There are lots of tall buildings on______________sides of the street．4．All of us were invited，but ______________of us went．5．I saw____________Mr．nor Mrs．Brown at church．（C）something，anything，nothing，everything1．Lei Feng asked_______________in return when he helped others．2．—Have you____________to tell me ? —Yes，I have_______________to tell you．3．_______________begins to grow in spring．4．I was looking for________________cheaper．用方框中地词填空，完成句子：1．I have many kinds of books ．But____________of them is about the computer ．2．How_____________pictures do you have ?3．You can do____________work on the farm ．4．She is not good at Japanese ，but she can speak_____________Japanese ．5．There’s_____________time left ．We must be quick ．6．These books cost one dollar ___________．7．Students go to school_____________day except holidays ．（）1．The boys are in the classroom now ．Mr ．Smith is teaching________an English lesson ．A ．theirB ．themC ．usD ．ours（）2．________isn’t easy to learn a foreign language well ．But foreign languages are very useful ．A ．ThatB ．ItC ．WhichD ．This（）3．The skirt is _________．She made it__________．A ．her ; herselfB ．herself ; hersC ．hers ; herselfD ．herself ;her （）4．Can you do it all by__________，Jill ？A ．youB ．yourselvesC ．yourselfD ．yours（）5．Enjoy_______at the party ，Tom and Lucy ．A ．yourselfB ．himselfC ．yourselvesD ．themselves（）6．Don’t worry ．He’s much food ．You can share_______．A ．some of mineB ．some of hisC ．some of yoursD ．some of her （）7．She feels________her duty to take care of this old man ．A ．itsB ．itC ．thisD ．that（）8．Don’t tell others about it ．This is only between_________．A ．you and IB ．I and you C ．me and you D ．you and me （）9．The weather in Guangzhou is much warmer than__________in Harbin in winter ．A ．that B ．itC ．thisD ．one（）10．He is old enough to wash_______clothes by himself ．You can just wash_______．A ．his; yourB ．his; yoursC ．mine; yoursD ．your; yours（）11．If you have_______questions ，ask me for help ．A ．anyB ．someC ．noD ．a（）12．How many sheep are there on the hill?_______．A ．NobodyB ．NoneC ．No oneD ．No（）13．To understand is one thing ，but to do it well is_________．A ．another B ．the otherC ．the anotherD ．other （）14．Hurry up ．We have_______ time left ． 基 础 测 检A．a fewB．a littleC．fewD．little（）15．These shoes are too small．Do you have larger___________？A．onesB．someC．themD．those（）16．I can’t hear you ．There’s_______noise here．A．much tooB．too muchC．many tooD．too many（）17．There are_______workers in the factory．And_______them is 500．A．much; manyB．the number of;a number ofC．many; much D．a number of;the number of（）18．— Are the two answers correct?—No，_______ correct．A．no one isB．both are notC．neither isD．either is（）19．John is stronger than____________in his class．A．any boysB．any boyC．the other boyD．any other boy（）20．—Excuse me．Which is the way to the hospital，this one or that one?—______way can take you there．It’s easy to get there．A．EitherB．BothC．NeitherD．Every（）21．If you want ticket for a round—trip，sir，you’ll have to pay__________60 dollars．A．anotherB．otherC．eachD．more（）22．___________are all fifteen years old．A．I，she and you B．She，you and IC．I，you and sheD．You，she and I（）23．This question is so difficult that very___________students in our class can answer it．A．littleB．a littleC．fewD．a few（）24．Someone says “ Put on your coat” and another says “ Put your coat on”．We know__________right．A．neither isB．both ones areC．either isD．none is（）25．Mary and Tom have come back，but___________students in the class haven’t．A．the other B．othersC．anotherD．the others（）26．“ Helen，help__________to some fruit and sweets，” mother said．A．yourselfB．yourselvesC．myselfD．herself（）27．Don’t cross the road．There is___________traffic now．A．a lotB．a lot ofC．manyD．a（）28．My watch doesn’t work．There must be__________wrong with it．A．somethingB．anythingC．nothingD．everything（）29．Is there____________on the island ?A．else anyoneB．someone elseC．anyone elseD．else something（）30．My brother is taller than ___________．A．myB．mineC．meD．his（）31．The workers were all tired，but__________of them stopped to have a rest．A．noneB．someC．anyD．neither（）32．Tom，___________hands are so dirty．Go to wash them quickly．A．either of yourB．all youC．both of yourD．each your（）33．Jack and John are from England．__________of them are my classmates．A．AllB．BothC．EachD．Either（）34．Do you know___________handwriting is better，Lucy’s or Lily’s ?A．whoB．whatC．whoseD．which（）35．Jim speaks English better than___________else in his class．A．no oneB．anotherC．anyoneD．the one（）36．The mooncakes from Guangdong are better than__________from Beijing．A．thatB．theseC．thoseD．this（）37．—Can you come on Monday or Friday ?—Sorry，_________is possible．A．eitherB．bothC．eachD．neither（）38．There are more students in our class than in__________．A．theirB．theirsC．themD．they（）39．Canada is larger than___________country in Asia．A．anyB．any otherC．other D．another（）40．Please pass the book from one____________．A．for anotherB．for otherC．to anotherD．to other（）41．—Dear me ! What a wonderful computer !—My grandpa bought it for my sister and me．It’s__________．A．mineB．hersC．theirsD．ours（）42．—How often are the Olympic Games held?—___________four years．A．EveryB．EachC．InD．For（）43．If you want to keep fit，you’d better eat more vegetables and___________meat．A．fewB．littleC．lessD．more（）44．The film is boring．I think__________people like it．A．a fewB．fewC．manyD．some（）45．Do you often talk to___________like this ?A．anotherB．otherC．othersD．the others（三）冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a，an）和定冠词（the）一、不定冠词地用法（1）用与可数名词地单数形式前，指人或事物地某一种类：例如：She is a girl．Pass me an apple，please．（2）指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物.例如：A boy is waiting for you.We work six days a week．（3）表示"一"这个数量，但数地概念没有one强烈．例如：We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow．I have a mouth，a nose，two eyes and two ears．（4）a few，a little，a lot of（5）不定冠词a/an地区别不定冠词a（an）是“一个”地意思.a用在以辅音音素开头地单数可数名词或字母之前，an用在以元音音素开头地单数可数名词或字母之前.经常在考题中出现地有：a treean old man/ an ideaa useful book an apple / an orange / an egga university an umbrella /ugly man/ an unclea wordan hour a European countryan honest boya one-eyed wolfan eight-year-old boy(a “b，c，g，．．．．”an “a，e，f，h，i，l，m，n，o，r，s，x．．．．．．”) （6）a用于序数词之前，表示“又一”.He failed twice，but he still wanted to try a third time．二、定冠词地用法（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物.例如：the photo of the boy（2）指双方都知道地人或物.例如：—Where are the new books，Jim?— They are on the small table．（3）指上文提过地人或物.例如：Today he is making a machine．He wants to ride the machine like a bike and fly it like a plane．（4）用在世界上独一无二地事物前.例如：The sun is bigger than the moon．（5）用在序数词或形容词最高级前.例如：The first truck is carrying a few baskets．The third one is carrying the fewest of all．（6）用在由普通名词构成地专有名词前.例如：the Great Wall, the NorthStreetHospital （7）用在一些习惯用语中.例如：in the morning （afternoon，evening），on the left （right）at the end of三、不用冠词地情况（1）在专有名词前和不可数名词前.例如：China，Grade Two，Bill Smith，milk （2）名词前已有作定语用地this，that，my，your，some，any等代词.例如：The letter is in her pocket．I think the shop is closed at this time of day．（3）复数名词表示一类人或事物时.例如：My father and mother are teachers．I like cakes．（4）在星期、月份、季节、节日前.例如：It is Sunday （Monday，Tuesday，etc．）It is cold in winter．（5）在称呼语或表示头衔地名词前.例如：Uncle Wang likes making things．What colour are Mrs Green's shoes?（6）He went to school after breakfast ． Can you play basketball?注：在某些固定词组中，如：at home ，by bus ，go to school 等地名词前不用冠词.注：HuangpuRiver; the ChangjiangRiver;（）1．—How do you go to_____work?（09·深圳）—I usually take_____bus ．A ．the; aB ．/;aC ．a;aD ．the;a（）2．I really like_____book you lent me yesterday ．（09·河北）A ．aB ．anC ．theD ．/（）3．Let’s go to_____cinema ．That will take your mind off the problem for_____while ．（09·海南）A ．the;theB ．the;aC ．a;theD ．a;a（）4．Sandy often takes her dog for_____walk around after supper ．（09·南京）A ．aB ．anC ．theD ．/ （）5．—How about____charity show ?—I should say it was_____success ．（09·苏州）A ．the;aB ．the;/C ．a;aD ．a;/在需要地地方填上适当地冠词.1．____useful book2．_____Beijing3．_____Class 12 Grade 34．have____lunch5．have____big lunch6．in____morning7．on____cold morning8．______Mr Li9．_____university10．______umbrella11．_____hour 12．_____engineer 13．____forth street 14．_____day before yesterday15．play _____chess 16．play _____golf17．_____few 18．_____little 19．by_____time20．go to______cinema21．at____breakfast 22．at______home中 考 接 链在需要地地方填上适当地冠词.【A】Harris lives in 1 small town．He works in 2 zoo and loves 3 animals very much．He has 4 dog．When he’s free，he always plays with 5 lovely dog．He often saves 6 money to buy 7 nice food for it and he only eats some bread．One day 8 friend of his asked him to 9 dinner．He went there with 10dog．When they were eating，he threw some meat，fish，chicken and cakes to it．His friend was strange and asked，“You love 11 dog very much，don’t you?”“Yes，” Harris said proudly．“You don’t know how clever it is!”“What can it do?” asked his friend．“It can buy some newspapers for you if you give it some money．”Of course his friend didn’t believe it．He gave 12 dog some money and it went out at 13 once．Nearly14 hour passed，15dog didn’t come back．Harris looked worried and asked，“How much did you give 16Bh94A。
初中英语语法名词-初三中考复习均可用附练习及详细讲解
1.名词（n.）：名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：boy 男孩，morning 早晨，duty 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。
例如：The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。
（作主语）He is a doctor. 他是个医生。
（作表语）We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。
（作宾语补足语）英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式，但有时两种形式是相同的。
可数名词单数形式可以与不定冠词连用，例如：a book（一本书）；an apple （一个苹果）。
可数名词复数形式可以与few，a few，many，several等连用，例如：a few girls。
不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词，不能用不定冠词a（an）或数词one修饰，并且不分单复数，物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的，例如：milk （牛奶）；education（教育）。
2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则：（1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。
例如：book －books pen －pens eraser －erasers（2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。
例如：bus －buses box －boxes watch －watches（3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。
例如：baby －babies country－countries city －cities注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。
例如：boy －boys toy－toys（4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。
英语人教版九年级全册中考专项复习
年中考英语专习专题一Grammar Revision 名词(Nouns)考点解读：中考对于名词的考查主要侧重以下几点：1．可数名词的复数。
2. 不可数名词的量。
3．名词所有格的用法。
4. 名词的句法作用。
5．词义辨析。
6. 名词与主谓一致。
考查形式主要有：完形填空、完成句子、短文填空等题型。
复习目标:1、知道名词的分类2、掌握可数名词的复数（规则变化和不规则变化）3、掌握不可数名词数量的表达法4、了解名词所有格的用法（双重所有格和名词复数所有格）5、注意名词作主语和定语的用法教学过程：一、名词的分类名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词专有名词：表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名称的词。
第一个字母一般要大写。
如：Lucy 、Beijing、China、the Great Wall、等。
普通名词：表示一类人或事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。
如：book 、tree 等。
普通名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 可数名词⎩⎨⎧ 个体名词：chair ，book 集体名词：people ，family 不可数名词⎩⎨⎧ 物质名词：rain ，ice ，sunshine 抽象名词：love ，knowledge二、可数名词的复数形式可数名词有单数、复数两种形式。
名词复数构成形式分规则变化和不规则变化：1.名词复数的规则变化(1)一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/map-maps book-books2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags car-cars（2）以s, x,sh, ch 等结尾的词加 -es 读 /iz/bus-buses watch-watches但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 –s 。
stomach — stomachs 读 /s/（3）以辅音字母+y 结尾的词变y 为i 再加es. ies 读 /iz/party-parties baby---babies以元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s 变复数：读 /z/monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays(4)以f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时,去f 、 fe 加-ves 读 /vz/leaf---leaves wolf---wolveslife---lives thief---thieves但也有例外，如 roof---roofs chief---chiefs以o 结尾的名词，多数加 s 读 /z/。
中考英语语法讲解(1)——名词
初中中考英语语法专题讲解名词要点归纳1．名词——表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。
2．名词的分类：专有名词：表示的是某一特定的人、事物、地方、团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专有的名称。
例：China, Chinese, Sunday, May, Smith, Christmas, Shanghai等。
专有名词书写时首字母一定要大写。
普通名词：表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。
如：teacher, blackboard, shipschool, family, meat, water, duty, work等。
可数名词：表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，有单数与复数两种形式。
例如：glass, man, bird,desk, book等。
不可数名词：所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法有数目计量，都称为不可数名词。
一般只用单数形式，不能在前面加a或an来表示数量。
例如：paper, rice, water, milk, tea等。
3.名词的数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
单数表示一个人或事物，复数表示一个以上的人或事物。
名词单数变复数的形式有规则变化与不规则变化之区别。
4.有关名词数的几个注意事项1.以s sh ch x 结尾的词，加es 如：buses dishes watches boxes2.元音字母o结尾的词，特别是常用词，有生命+es, 无生命+s. 如:Heroes, potatoes, omatoes, hippoes,Photos, videos, radios, pianos以oo结尾的不管有无生命都加s 如zoos.3.以f,fe结尾的词1) 通常变f 为v，再加-es。
如：half—halves, leaf—leaves, wife—wiveslife—lives等2）下列词只加s如: roofs，chiefs3) 有些词加s或es均可.如: scarf, handkerchief等4. 不规则复数形式1）改变元音字母。
中考英语语法专题之名词(含练习及答案)
教学课题名词知识目标:理解掌握名词的概念、基本用法。
目标能力目标:理解和灵活使用名词，根据句子需要使用正确的名词形式。
重点:名词的灵活使用；可数名词单复数变形；名词所有格。
重点难点难点:理解英语里的单复数概念。
过程1.导入2.名词的概要3.课堂同步练习与讲评4.小结---名词的用法5.拓展练习与讲评专有名词名词名词意义:表示人、事物或抽象概念的词。
如:Shanghai,Lilei,desk普通名词国名地名人名可数名词不可数名词团体机构名称首字母大写个体名词表单个的人或者事物集体名词表一群人或一些事物的总称抽象名词表无法分为个体的物质物质名词表抽象概念的词如:Jim,June,China,Harbin.teacher,apple…family,police…water,money…health,friendship…1.可数名词(个体名词和集体名词):有单复数之分A.不规则变化常见的有:单复数同型:man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice... Chinese Japanese people sheep deer fish(中日友好永不变)a Chinese---two Chinese;a Japanese--- four Japanese(英法联盟a变e)an English--- eight Englishmen;an Frenchman---nine Frenchmen (其他后面加s)a German---five GermansB.规则变化情况一般的词以s,sh,ch,x结尾以0结尾以辅音＋y结尾以f/fe结尾构成＋s＋es有生命，+es；无生命，+s改y为i＋es改f为v＋es例词day-days desk-desksmatch-matches boss-bossestomatoes,potatoes,heroesbaby-babies fly-flieswife-wives leaf-leavesphotos,kilos, 1. Some ____ and ____ will come to visit our school next month.A. Germans; EnglishmansB. Germen; EnglishmenC. Germans; EnglishmenD. German; Englishman2.Look! There are three ______ and two ______ at the school gate. Let ’s show them around our school.A. Frenchman; GermanB. Frenchmen; GermanC. Frenchmen; GermansD. Frenchmans; Germans写出下列名词的复数形式1piece shoe orange lake23456789busbodyboylifezootomatomanGerman foxcitykeyleafpianoherowomanChinese glassenemyholidayyourselfradiotoothfishermanchild wishbabywaywolfphotofootapplesheepC.复合名词的复数变化规则: man 和 woman 都要变 girl 和 boy 却不变1 men doctors boy students 1. They are________.2women drivers girl football playersA.man doctorB.men doctorsC.men doctorD.man doctorsD.常考可数名词knifesecond chance size decisionvoicestomachacheminute mistake shape invitationtastetoothachequarter question invention concertsmellcoldhour problem discovery playexpressionfeverweek idea message ticketintroductioncoughyear suggestion difference sightcelebration1.If you work harder, you'll have another_________ to play the violin at a concert.A. sleepB. chanceC. mistakeD. problem2.-Lily, could you please pass me the_________? I want to cut the apple.-Sure, here you are. A. pen B. pencilC. bookD. knifeE.常见复数标志all/both基数词two...many/someseveral几个a few/fewotherthese/thosedifferentare/were在一般现在时的条件下,遇到复数名词,或代词,动词用原形:we all come from China.1.Those white socks____small.A.areB.isC.amD.do2.How many_____do they have?A.pictureB.picturesC.a picture3.We are_____,but they are________.A.Germans;JapaneseB.Germen;JapaneseC.Germans;JapanesesD.Germen;Japanese4.__________turn green in spring.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.Leafs5.Look!The kites in the sky are in different_____.Some are big and some are small.A.sizeB.sizesC.colorD.colors6.I can see some________on the hill.A.sheeps and deersB.sheep and deerC.sheeps and deerD.sheep and deers2.不可数名词(1)不可数名词没有复数形式,不能与a/an或具体数字连用,但特指某物时可以与定冠词the连用。
初中专项训练中考英语语法复习-名词考点
中考英语语法复习—名词名词部分的考查重点为：1、名词的可数与不可数性。
2、名词单复数在特定情况下的使用。
3、名词的普通格与所有格作定语的选用。
4、物质名词、抽象名词具体化。
名词词义的区别与固定搭配。
【考点诠释】一、名词的各种分类。
单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式，包括可数名词的复数的变化规则，少数不规则名词的复数形式及部分单复、数同形的名词。
【考例】There is good_________ for you. I've found your lost watch.A. newsB. ideasC. messagesD. thoughtsMy uncle will come to my house for dinner．I want to buy some ___to make a vegetable salad for him．A．meat B．tomatoes C．apple juice The teacher said we needed to choose three for the school concert.A. farmersB. doctorsC. driversD. singersAt night the koala bear gets up and eats___________．A．1eaf B．1eaves C．leafsThe PLA man saved three ____lives in the accident．A．children’s B．children C．child D．childs' Come on，children．Help yourselves to some_________ if you like．A．fish and chicken B．fishes and chicken C．fish and chickens D．fishes and chickensAll the ____teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday．A．man B．men C．womanD．women二、不可数名词数量的表达法。
中考英语专项复习-名词所有格(答案)
中考英语专项复习-名词所有格（含答案）一、单选题1.— Whose bike is that?— I think it's.A.Mingming'sB.MingmingsC.MingmingD.Mingmings’2.This is father, Mr. Miller.A.Tim and JimB.Tim's and JimC.Tim and Jim'sD.Tim's and Jim3.This is ________ room. It's very bright.A.Tom's and Tim'sB.Tom's and TimC.Tom and Tim'sD.Tom and Tim4.Welcome to _____________ home.A.Lisa's and SallyB.Lisa's and Sally'sC.Lisa and Sally's5.— How far is your home from school? — It's about ten ______ walk.A.minutesB.minutes'C.minute'sD.minute6.That tennis ball is one of ___________.A.Jane fathersB.Jane's fathers’C.Jane father'sD.Jane's father's7.Can you imagine（想象）what our life will be like in _________ time？A.30 year'sB.30-years'C.30-yearsD.30 years'8.—How far is it from your home to school?─It's fifteen ______ walk.A.minuteB.minute'sC.minutesD.minutes’9.Will you take part in the _______ long jump tomorrow afternoon?A.girlB.girl'sC.girls’D.girls10.—Put it down, Jim. You mustn't take _______ things without other's allowance(允许).—Sorry, I won't do that again.A.else anyone'sB.someone else'sC.anyone else's11.—Whose cars are they?—They are our _____cars.A.parent'sB.parentsC.parents'D.parents's12.September tenth is in China.A.Teachers' DayB.Teacher's DayC.Teacher's Day13.Can you imagine what life will be like in ________ time?A.50 years'B.50 year'sC.50-years'D.50-years14.—________ fathers didn't come to the meeting. Why?—Because they have gone to Beijing.A.Jeff's and Amy'sB.Jeff and AmyC.Jeff's and AmyD.Jeff and Amy's15.This is _____room. It's very bright.A.Tom's and Tim'sB.Tom's and TimC.Tom and Tim'sD.Tom and Tim16.Which is the ________ biggest city?A.IndianB.IndiansC.Indian'sD.Indians'17._____ mothers can't go to the parents' meeting because they are too busy.A.Jack's and PaulB.Jack and PaulC.Jack and Paul'sD.Jack's and Paul's18.We will have a _________ holiday after the exam．A.two monthB.two months'C.two-month．D.two-months19.Mr. Brown is _____ father.A.Lucy and LilyB.Lucy's and Lily'sC.Lucy and Lily's20.—Is the room only for Amy?—No, it's _________.A.Amy's and her sister'sB.Amy's and her sisterC.Amy and her sisterD.Amy and her sister's21.The girl is Mr Green's ____ daughter.A.friendB.Friend'sC.a friend22.Teenagers should have at least ________ sleep in the evening.A.eight hour'sB.eight hours'C.eight hour'sD.eight hours'23.—What's your __________ jobs?—They are doctors.A.parent'sB.parents’C.parentsD.parents's24.—Whose hot dog is this, Hobo?—It's.A.herB.Eddies'C.Eddie's25.In the dark, he hurried to put on _________ coat.A.else someone'sB.someone's elseC.someone else'sD.someone else26.She is ill. She wants to ask for_____.A.two week leaveB.two weeks leaveC.two week's leaveD.two weeks' leave27.This is my room and that is my room．A.parentsB.parent'C.parents'D.parents's28.I was very scared when I found that the brake didn't work on my way ______ the park.A.on; intoB.to; forC.on; onD.on; to29.mothers can't go to the parents' meeting because they are too busy.A.Jack's and PaulB.Jack's and Paul'sC.jack and Paul's30.The train station is about ______ bike ride from the post office.A.twenty minutesB.twenty minute'sC.twenty-minutesD.twenty-minute31.Please come to the ________ Sports Center.A.StudentsB.Students’C.Students's32.— When is ____________?— It's on September 10th.A.Teachers' DayB.Teacher's DayC.Teachers's Day33.I feel a bit tired for I saw a two film last night.A.hourB.hoursC.hour'sD.hours'34.________mothers can't go to the meeting, because they have gone to New York on business.A.Alice and Lily'sB.Alice's and Lily'sC.Alice's and Lily35.The children got to the Forest Park after ____ ride.A.an hour'sB.an hours'C.a hour'sD.one hours'36.— How far is your home from school?— It's about two walk.A.hoursB.hours'C.hour's37.We visited some of the _______ scenic spots.A.citysB.city'sC.cityD.citys'38.—Is this your bedroom, Bill? —No, it isn't. It's_________A.Mike's and Frank'sB.Frank's and MikeC.Mike's and FrankD.Frank and Mike's二、语法填空39.________ (teacher) Day is on September 10th.40.Thanks for all the________(member) hard work! More and more people have learned how to keep kids from danger now.41.Mr. Li gave us 10 ________ (minute) time to finish the hard maths problem.42.It is ________ (my teacher) sweater.43.I think that copying ________（other）homework is wrong.答案一、单选题1.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意是：—那是谁的自行车？—我想是明明的。
01语法专项——名词
初三英语语法专项（1）语法专项一——名词现在开始我们进入语法专项复习。
首先要复习的是名词。
注意：1．专用名词前一般不加定冠词，并要大写单词的首字母。
如：Japanese, January, Africa等。
2．由普通名词构成的专用名词，其前一般要加定冠词the（表节日的词除外），并大写其中实词的首字母。
如：the Great Wall, the Communist Party of China等。
二、名词复数的的构成规则及读音man→men, woman→women, child→children, foot→feet,tooth→teeth, policeman→policemen, Frenchman→Frenchmen（三）某国人变复数。
1．中国人a Chinese→Chinese（复数）日本人a Japanese→Japanese（复数）2．英语国an Englishman→Englishmen法国人 a Frenchman→Frenchmen3．美国人an American→Americans阿拉伯人an Arab→Arabs埃及人an Egyptian→Egyptians德国人a German→Germans澳大利亚人an Australian→Australians（四）单、复数相同的名词。
Chinese→Chinese, Japanese→Japanese, fish→fish, deer→deer, sheep→sheep其中fish指鱼类时，其复数是fishes。
（五）复合名词的复数形式。
1．复数通常体现在里面的主体词上。
passer-by→passers-by（过路人）sister-in-law→sisters-in-law（嫂子）runner-up→runners-up（亚军）looker-on→lookers-on（旁观者）2．无主体名词，复数体现在最后一个词上。
go-between→go-betweens（媒人）3．第一个名词是man和woman时，两个组成部分都有复数。
中考英语语法专题复习：名词(共19张PPT)
15 —Who did you spend last weekend with? —________. A. Palmer’s B. The Palmers’ C. The Palmers D. The Palmer’s
中考英语语法： 名词备考知识点
考点分析
1、名词辨析：
名词辨析的考查角度以语境类辨析和近义词 辨析为主,少量涉及词性辨析、常识辨析及固 定搭配。
2、名词单复数：
名词单复数考查数量较少,包括规则变形和不 规则变形两种。
3、名词所有格：
名词所有格考查数量较少,包括两者共有的所 有格,时间名词所有格,数量词所有格的用法。
C. A large number of D. Quite a few
7. –– Let’s try operating the machine right now.
––Wait. Better read the _____first.
A. instructions B. explanations
有一些事不规则变化,需改变单数名词中的元音 字母如：man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth
还有单复数形式相同的情况，读音不变,如： fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer ChineseChinese Japanese-Japanese
2.近义词辨析
对近义名词有考查,如message口 信,information信息。
message为可数名词,指口信,常用词组： leave或take a message; information指消息、 信息、资料。
常见近义词组(学生可以根据以下词条进行归 纳记忆)。 1. advice与suggestion 2. problem与question 3. house, home, family与room 4. idea, thought与opinion 5. job与work 6. voice, noise与sound 7. message, news与information
初三英语语法词性详解-名词
表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格 后 面的名词
例句
Linda’s desk the boys’ friends the children’s Day Lucy and Lily’s mother
There is a woman teacher. There are three women teachers.
Exercises:
1.把下面名词变为复数:
City
brush
Leaf
potato
Tomato bread
Broccoli milk
beef
2. 翻译下面的词组:
1.两杯咖啡
two cups of coffee
2.四快面包
four pieces of bread
3. 七袋大米
seven bags of rice
不可数名词计量的表达:
①个数单位词：piece （张、片、块、条）,②容器单位词：bottle（瓶）,bag（包）,box（盒、箱）,
③类别单位词：kind( 种、类)
④度量衡单位词：kilo(千克、公斤)
不可数名词
记住: roof – roofs , chef – chefs , chief - chiefs
抽 象 名 词 （如：news, love, peace）
专有名词
（如：Tom、China、 the United States)
可数名词的单复数
情况(规则变化)
一般情况 以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾 以辅音字母+y 结尾
以元音字母加y结尾 以辅音字母+o结尾 以元音字母+o结尾 以f 或fe结尾的
中考英语语法专题复习名词与代词讲义
名词1、 名词的分类专有名词单数名词表泛指，在前面加a /an.可数名词：有单数和复数之分普通名词 复数形式通常加 -s/-es 不可数名词：没有复数形式 物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词 用some/any/a little/a lot of 修饰2) 不规则变化①有些名词以-s结尾，但表达单数意义。
科学名词：physics, mathematics/maths 游戏名称：bowls专有名词：the United States, Niagara Falls 其他名词：news, falls②名词做定语，不用复数形式.e.g. a shoe shop, an apple tree*例外：man, woman作定语时，如果后面的名词是复数，则man, woman也要变。
e.g. a woman teacher → three women teachersa man doctor → many men doctors③people, police做“人们”讲时，看作复数，不能在后面加”-s”，谓语动词用复数形式。
family, class是集体名词，既指单数，又指复数，谓语动词可用单数亦可用复数，具体根据语境而定。
④其前不用冠词a/an或数词，但可用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some,—Look at the clouds, so beautiful!—Wow, so many different _______, horses, sheep, flowers…A. sizesB. shapesC. colorsD. stylesThere are some _______ in Dayton Art Museum. For example, n o food or drink is allowed inside.A. jobsB. recordsC. rul esD. paintings—Yesterday, my father bought me a new mobile phones as a pr esent, but I don’t know how to use it.—Why not read the _______ first before using it?A. expressionsB. applicationsC. adve rtisementsD. instructionsThese _________ have saved many children’s lives.A. woman doctorsB. women doctorC. women doctorsD. woman doctor---What would you like to drink, _______or orange? ---Orange, please.A. hamburgerB. chipC. tea3、不可数名词的数1) 可以修饰不可数名词的词或短语：a lot of , lots of, some, a little, little2) 数词+ 量词 + of + 不可数名词e.g. a glass of water → two glasses of watera cup of tea → three cups of tea3) 常用的不可数名词food, meat, fish, chicken, pork, beef, mutton, orange, milk, tea, coke, water, rice, bread, homework, news, paper, ice, rain, snow, wind, cloud, air, weather, maths, Chinese, English, music, information, fun, work 等.4) 有些不可数名词以复数形式出现时，意思有变化.5) 有些名词，既可以作可数名词，又能做不可数名词，但含义不同Exercises:—Mum, I’ve heard that we can’t eat ____ those days. Is it true?—Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.A. chickenB. chickensC. a chickenD. the chickenThe students of Grade 7 visited Mike’s farm and saw many ___ there.A. birdB. duckC. sheepD. rabbitI’m so hungry. Please give me ___ to eat.A. three breadB. three pieces of breadC. three pieces ofbreads D. three piece of breadI want a sweet milk. Put some ______ in my cup, please.A. iceB. soupC. saltD. sugar—What a good ______ you’ve given me! Thanks a lot.—My pleasure.A. informationB. newsC. suggestion D. advice4、名词的所有格分类构成方法例子表示有生命的名词所有格在单数后面加-’s The teacher’s officeLily’s photo 以加-s的复数名词后加“’”The teachers’ officeBoys’ games 不以-s 结尾的复数名词后加“-’s”The children’s palace.用and 连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有时，在后一个词尾加-’s；如果不是，则需要分别加在两个名词后面。
中考英语总复习第3篇语法知识专题第1节名词名词所有格
第九页，共二十二页。
9
5．表时间、金钱、距离的名词(míng cí)作主语时，视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Ten years is (be) a very long time.
6．常考的不可数名词
room＝space 空间；空地 There is no room to put the desk here. news，information，advice，weather，music，pollution, population... 7．exercise 作不可数名词，意为“锻炼”。作可数名词意为“练习；操”。 We should take more exercise.It’s good for our health.
物质 名词
抽象名 词
食物 饮料 自然物质 情感 概念 学科，语言
bread，meat，rice，cheese，fish，beef water，tea，coffee，wine，milk，cola wood，sand，soil，air friendship，peace，joy，love news，population maths，physics，geography，English
problem.( )
B
A. style
B． diet
C． smell
6 ． (2016· 中 考 改 编 )The Chinese saying “A tree can’t make a forest” tells us
that________ is very important in a football match.( C)
12
第十二页，共二十二页。
考点一 名词的分类
1．(2016·中考(zhōnɡ kǎo)改编)The students didn't find much________about the topic on that
初中英语2024届中考语法复习(名词+代词)
中考英语语法复习一、名词【中考考点】1.正确识别可数名词和不可数名词。
2.掌握可数名词复数的构成。
3.掌握名词所有格和名词作定语的用法。
（一）不可数名词1.概述不可数名词:不能直接用数字计数的词。
分为物质名词(表示构成世上万物的物质或材料的名称的词，如water，wood，milk等)抽象名词(表示性质、行为、状态、情感等抽象概念名称的词，如fun，happiness，health等)。
必须要记住的不可数名词:液体类water, milk,juice, orange, coffee, tea, coke,ink,rain, wine食物类meat,fish,chicken, beef,pork,mutton,rice, salt,sugar, porridge, bread语言类Chinese,Japanese, English,French,German,Russian材料类metal, paper,glass,grass, bamboo,cotton, silk,wool, wood, hair, plastic其他类snow,ice,wind,sunshine,news,music,weather,money, knowledge, homework, housework,teamwork, help, information, rubbish (waste), light,medicine2.不可数名词的量化表达(1)借助some,much,little,a little, a lotof，lots of，plenty of等来表示。
如:muchwater, some orange juice, a little milk(2)借助容器来表示。
如:一杯a cup of tea十袋米 ten bags of rice(3)借助计量单位来表示。
如:一张纸a piece of paper-片面包 a slice of bread3.既可数又不可数的名词有些名词既能用作可数名词，又能用作不可数名词，但意义不同。
中考英语语法考点总复习--名词
and healthy.
A. habit
B. success
C. pity
6.At the foot of the hill, you can hear nothing but the _A___ of the
running water.
A. sound
B. voice
C. noise
7. She found a good __B____ after graduating from college.
other was for my mother.
A. watch
B. watches
C. watchs
16. —Can you peel some __C____ for me?
—Of course.
A. potato B. potatos
C. potatoes
17.—How many __B____ are there in the basket? —About ten.
C. rules
4. I'm a little hungry now. I only drank some _B_____ before I came
to school.
A. bread
B. milk
C. meat
5. Walking in the afternoon is a good __A____. It can make us strong
pen-----pens
bus-----buses dish------dishes match------matches 3)以o结尾的多数加-s, 初中阶段只有三个单词加-es .一般是有生命的(动植物)
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初三英语专题（一）名词一、名词的分类：可数Bird, city(个体名词)；family,class(集体名词)不可数New York, China(专有名词)；water, light(物质名词)；music,work (抽象名词) 二、可数名词的单复数：情况构成例词规则变化一般情况-s fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananass,x,sh,ch结尾-es boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes辅音字母加y 去y,加-iesbaby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries, story-stories以o结尾一般情况-s zoo-zoos photo-photos特殊情况-esNegroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes, mango(口诀：英雄和黑人喜欢吃西红柿、土豆和芒果) 以f或fe结尾去f/fe加-veswife-wives, knife-knives, wolf-wolves, thief-thieves, shelf-shelves,self-selves, life-lives, half-halves, leaf-leaves,(口诀：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。
)直接加-sgulf，roof，chief，serf, belief, proof, handkerchief(口诀：海湾边，屋顶上, 首领农奴两相望,谁说他们没有信仰,证据就在手帕上)不规则变化单复数形式一致1、单复数相同：fish, sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese2、只有复数：people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks3、集体名词是单数也是复数：police警察（局）/警察, class班/同学,family家/家庭成员口诀记忆法：中日同形用不变，英法同盟变a为e，其他一律加s。
变内部元音字母foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese man-men woman-women mouse-mice 加-en/-ren child-children ox-oxen合成的复数1、一般只加主要名词，多为后一个单词。
如：action movie/action movies, pen pal/pen pals；2、如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。
如：man doctor/men doctors, woman teacher/women teachers注意：1、物质名词往往是不可数名词，但有些也可作可数名词，此时意义有所不同。
如：room（空间）——a room（房间）paper（纸）——a paper（论文，试卷）fish（鱼）——fishes（鱼的种类）work (工作) ——a work（著作，工事）chicken（鸡肉）——a chicken（小鸡）orange（橘汁）——oranges（橙子）2、不可数名词的数量表达：不可数名词虽然本身不可数，但可借助单位量词来表示一定的数量。
如：a glass of water一杯水a cup of tea 一杯茶a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水a bowl of rice 一碗饭a piece of news 一则新闻a pair of glasses 一副眼镜3、有些名词虽以-s结尾，但它们不是复数。
如physics, maths, politics, news4、数词+名词+形容词构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式。
如：a five-year-old girl一个五岁的女孩a six-foot-deep hole一个六英尺深的洞a two-metre-long ruler一把两米长的尺子a ten-story-high building一幢十层高的楼房5、分辨可数名词和不可数名词的分辨。
名词单数变复数规则【速记口诀】单数变复数，规则要记住；一般加s，特殊有几处；/ t∫/、/ ∫/、/s/结尾，es不离后；末尾字母o，大多加s；两人有两菜，es不离口；词尾f、fe，s前有v和e；没有规则词，必须单独记。
【妙语诠释】①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/ t∫/、/ ∫/、/s/发音结尾（也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾），则一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了“两人”（negro，hero）“两菜”（tomato，potato）加es外，其余一般加s；③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆。
例如：child-children，mouse-mice，deer-deer, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, ox-oxen, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth。
三、名词所有格：名词+’s (有生命的名词) 单数名词+’s the boy’s mother/Children’s Day 复数名词（-s或-es结尾）+“’”the two boys’ mother不规则复数名词+’s the children’s mother几个人共有时在最后一个人名后+’s Alice and Mary’s room各自所有在各名字后+’s Alice’s and Mary’s rooms名词+ of +名词(无生命或有生命)a picture of Li Ping the door of the bedroom the roof of the house(1)’s所有格常表示有生命的东西，但也可表示时间、距离、自然现象、国家或城市类实体、工作群体等无生命的名词。
如：a month’s time一个月的时间a mile’s distance一英里的距离the moon’s rays月光the city’s parks城市的公园the ship’s crew船上的工作人员(2) ’s所有格后的名词如指商店、住宅等地点时，该名词通常省略。
如：my aunt’s我阿姨家, the doctor’s诊所(3)“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格，此结构也可由of + 名词性物主代词构成。
如：a friend of my father’s我父亲的一位朋友friend of mine我的一位朋友注意：He is a friend of your father’s.他是你父亲的一个朋友。
（强调父亲的朋友不止一个）He is a friend of your father.他是你父亲的朋友。
（强调他对你父亲的友好）(1)表示类别。
如：Children’s book儿童读物teachers’ college师范学院(2)表示主谓关系，表示动作的执行者。
如：his mother’s request他母亲的要求the help of the worker工人们的帮助(3)表示动宾关系，表示动作的承受者。
如：the family’s support养家糊口the use of computer’s电脑的用途名词所有格用法【速记口诀】名词所有格，表物是“谁的”；若为生命词，加“’s”即可行，词尾有s，仅把逗号择；并列名词后，各自和共有，前者分别加，后者最后加；若为无生命词，of所有格，前后须倒置，此是硬规则。
【妙语诠释】①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“’”；②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加“’s”；③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格，这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同，A of B要翻译为B的A。
四、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：(1)主谓的单复数一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.The water in the glass is very cold.(2)集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.(3)Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。
There is a sheep in the yard.There are some sheep in the yard.(4)maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting.(5)glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。
如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(6)a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。
如：A lot of students are playing baseball now.A lot of time was wasted on that work.(7)and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数。
但是两个名词若构成一个整体概念（即后一个名词前五冠词或其他限定词时）或主语具双重身份时,谓语则用单数。
如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.Fish and chips is very famous food.(8) there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定，即“邻近原则”如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.(9)用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。
如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(10)主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。