中英文对照供翻译参考
外文翻译中英文对照
Strengths优势All these private sector banks hold strong position on CRM part, they have professional, dedicated and well-trained employees.所以这些私人银行在客户管理部分都持支持态度，他们拥有专业的、细致的、训练有素的员工。
Private sector banks offer a wide range of banking and financial products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels such as ATMs, Internet-banking, mobile-banking, etc. 私有银行通过许多传递通道（如自动取款机、网上银行、手机银行等）提供大范围的银行和金融产品、金融服务进行合作并向客户零售。
The area could be Investment management banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management, retail loans such as home loans, personal loans, educational loans, car loans, consumer durable loans, credit cards, etc. 涉及的领域包括投资管理银行、生命和非生命保险、风险投资与资产管理、零售贷款（如家庭贷款、个人贷款、教育贷款、汽车贷款、耐用消费品贷款、信用卡等）。
Private sector banks focus on customization of products that are designed to meet the specific needs of customers. 私人银行主要致力于为一些特殊需求的客户进行设计和产品定制。
专八英译汉段落翻译_中英文对照
专八英译汉段落翻译完整版.中英文对照My First JobWhen I reached the age of twelve I left the school for ever and got my first fulltime job, as a grocer' s boy. I spent my days carrying heavy loads, but I enjoyed it. It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal, for I could never stomach speaking to my “betters” with the deference my employer thought I should assume.But the limit was reached one Tuesday 一 my half holiday. On my way home on that day I used to carry a large basket of provisions to the home of my employers sister-in-law. As her house was on my way homeI never objected to this.On this particular Tuesday, however, just as we were putting the shutters up, a load of smoked hams was delivered at the shop. "Wait a minute, “ said the boss, and he opened the load and took out a ham, whichhe started to bone and string up.I waited in growing impatience to get on my way, not for one minute but for a quite a considerable time. It was nearly half-past two when the boss finished. He then came to me with the ham, put it in the basket beside me, and instructed me to deliver it to a customer who had it on order.This meant going a long way out of my road home, so I looked up andsaid to the boss： "Do you know I finish at two on Tuesday?I have never seen a man look more astonished than he did then. u What do you mean?n he gasped. I told him I meant that I would deliver the groceries as usual, but not the ham.He looked at me as if I were some unusual kind f insect and burst into a storm of abuse. But I stood firm. He gave me up as hopeless and tried new tactics. "Go out and get another boy, “ he yelled at a shop assistant.u Are you going to deliver them or not?” the boss turned to me and asked in a threatening tone. I repeated what I had said before. "Then, out of here, “ he shouted. So I got out.This was the first time I had serious trouble with an employer.1我的第一份工作当我十二岁时我永远地离开了学校，同时得到了我的第一份全职工作，作为一个食品杂货商的见孩。
中英文文章翻译
中英文文章翻译读不单是出版业生存和发展的基础，从更深层次上来讲还是民族文明传承和文化发展的希望。
下面是店铺带来的中英文文章翻译，欢迎阅读!中英文文章翻译1报告显示纽约成为全球留学生公寓均价最贵城市New York in the US is the most expensive city for international students in terms of accommodation, while the greatest number of Chinese studying overseas come from Beijing and Shanghai, according to a report.根据一项报告显示，美国纽约是全球留学生住宿最贵的城市，而北京和上海是中国出国留学生的最大两个生源城市。
The 2016 Overseas Student Accommodation Report, released by — a global platform for students seeking accommodation overseas — found that New York, with an average weekly rent of $526, is the costliest destination for international students.由全球学生海外寻找住宿平台发布的《2016留学生住宿报告》显示，纽约周租金均价为526美元，对国际学生来说是最昂贵的目的地。
Four more US cities: San Francisco, Berkeley, La Jolla and Boston, rounded out the top five. London in the UK ranked sixth, while Sydney, Australia came in 10th.另外4个美国城市：旧金山、伯克利、拉荷亚和波士顿位居榜单前5。
中英文对照翻译文章
中英文对照翻译文章不少英文文章都是带有翻译的，为的就是方便读者在不理解文章的时候能够找到对照的意思。
下面就是店铺给大家整理的中英文对照翻译文章，希望大家喜欢。
中英文对照翻译文章篇1：A Sailor's Christmas Gift一个水手的圣诞礼物William J·Lederer威廉·J·莱德勒Last year at Christmas time my wife，three boys，and I were in France，on our way from Paristo Nice.For five wretched days ererything had gone wrong.Our hotels were“touristtraps”;our rented car broke down;we were all restless and irritable in the crowded car.OnChristmas Eve，when we checked into a dingy hotel in Nice，there was no Christmas spirit inour hearts.去年，在圣诞节期间，我和我的妻子以及我们的三个孩子，从法国踏上由巴黎到尼斯的旅途。
由于接连五天的恶劣天气，旅途上一切很不顺心。
我们下榻的旅馆尽是些敲诈勒索旅客的“陷阱”;我们租用的那辆汽车老是发生故障，在拥挤不堪的车子上大家个个显得烦躁不安。
圣诞节前夕，我们住进了尼斯的一家旅店，这家旅店又脏又暗，我们打心眼里感觉不到丝毫的节日气氛。
It was raining and cold when we went out to eat.We found a drab littlejoint shoddily decoratedfor the holiday.It smelled greasy.Only five tables in the restaurant were occupied.Therewere two German couples，two French families，and an American sailor，by himself.In thecorner a piano player listlessly played Christmas music.我们外出就餐时，天正下着小雨，天气寒冷。
MAX中英文翻译对照表
Save selected----------〈保存选择〉
XRef Objects -----------〈外部引用物体〉
XRef Scenes -----------〈外部引用场景〉
Merge --------------------〈合并〉
Torus Knot-------------------------〈环面纽结体〉
Chamfer Box----------------------〈斜切立方体〉
Chamfer Cylinder----------------〈斜切圆柱体〉
Oil Tank----------------------------〈桶状体〉
Update Background Image-----〈更新背景〉
Reset Background Transform〈重置背景变换〉
Show Transform Gizmo---------〈显示变换坐标系〉
Show Ghosting--------------------〈显示重橡〉
Save Active View/Restore Active View〈保存/还原当前视窗〉
Viewport Configuration--------------〈视窗配置〉
Grids----------------------------------〈栅格〉
Show Home Grid------------------〈显示栅格命令〉
Lights------------------------------〈灯光〉
Target Spotlight-----------------〈目标聚光灯〉
英语课文中英文对照翻译1-7
中英文对照翻译Unit 1A Y oung Boy‟s AmbitionOnce a day a cheap, gaudy packet arrived upward from St. Louis, and another downward from Keokuk. Before these events, the day was glorious with expectancy; after them, the day was a dead and empty thing. Not only the boys, but the whole village, felt this. After all these years I can picture that old time to myself now, just as it was then: the white town drowsing in the sunshine of a summer's morning; the streets empty, or prettynearly so; one or two clerks sitting in front of the Water Street stores, with their splint-bottomed chairs tilted back against the wall, chins on breasts, hats slouched over their faces, asleep - with shingle-shavings enough around to show what broke them down; a sow and a litter of pigs loafing along the sidewalk, doing a good business in watermelon rinds and seeds; two or three lonely little freight piles scattered about the "levee"; a pile of "skids" on the slope of the stone-paved wharf, and the fragrant town drunkard asleep in the shadow of them; two or three wood flats at the head of the wharf, but nobody to listen to the peaceful lapping of the wavelets against them; the great Mississippi, the majestic, the magnificent Mississippi, rolling its mile-wide tide along, shining in the sun; the dense forest away on the other side; the "point" above the town, and the "point" below, bounding theriver-glimpse and turning it into a sort of sea, and withal a very still and brilliant and lonely one. Presently a film of dark smoke appears above one of those remote "points"; instantly a negro drayman, famous for his quick eye and prodigious voice, lifts up the cry, "S-t-e-a-m-boat a-comin!" and the scene changes! The town drunkard stirs, the clerks wake up, a furious clatter of drays follows, every house and store pours out a human contribution, and all in a twinkling the dead town is alive and moving.一艘简陋而外表华丽的定班轮船从圣路易斯开上来，另一艘从奇阿库克往下游开，每天都要来到这里一次。
菜单中英文对照大全
菜单中英文对照大全随着我国加入WTO及对外交往活动的日益增多，餐饮业也面临着走向世界这个问题。
因此，我们作为餐饮业的从业人员，或多或少地懂一点有关餐饮方面的专业英语，是非常必要的。
餐饮专业英语主要包括日常会话用语、烹饪技术用语和中餐英文菜单等等，而这其中尤以中餐英文菜单用得最为普遍。
要将中餐菜单翻译成英文，就先得了解中餐菜名的构成及命名方法。
中餐菜名通常由原料名称，烹制方法、菜肴的色香味形器、菜肴的创始人或发源地等构成。
这种反映菜肴内容和特色的命名方法叫做写实性命名法，此外还有反映菜肴深刻含义的写意性命名法。
由于汉语和英语的差异很大，我们在把中餐菜名由中文译成英文的时候，应该采用写实性命名法，尽量将菜肴的原料、烹制方法、菜肴的味型等翻译出来，以便让客人一目了然。
为了让大家更好地掌握将中餐菜名译成英文的技巧，笔者特将自己在翻译中总结出来的几点“公式”(中英文对照)介绍如下，以供大家参考。
一、以主料开头的翻译方法1 介绍菜肴的主料和辅料：公式：主料(形状)+(with)辅料例：杏仁鸡丁chicken cubes with almond牛肉豆腐beef with beancurd西红柿炒蛋Scrambled egg with to tomato2 介绍菜肴的主料和味汁：公式：主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：芥末鸭掌duck webs with mustard sauce葱油鸡chicken in Scallion oil米酒鱼卷fish rolls with rice wine二、以烹制方法开头的翻译方法1 介绍菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料(形状)例：软炸里脊soft-fried pork fillet烤乳猪roast suckling pig炒鳝片Stir-fried eel slices2 介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料仔姜烧鸡条braised chicken fillet with tender ginger3 介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：红烧牛肉braised beef with brown sauce鱼香肉丝fried shredded pork with Sweet and sour sauce清炖猪蹄stewed pig hoof in clean soup三、以形状或口感开头的翻译方法1 介绍菜肴的形状(口感)和主料、辅料公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料例：芝麻酥鸡crisp chicken with sesame陈皮兔丁diced rabbit with orange peel时蔬鸡片Sliced chicken with seasonal vegetables2 介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料公式：口感+烹法+主料例：香酥排骨crisp fried spareribs水煮嫩鱼tender stewed fish香煎鸡块fragrant fried chicken3 介绍菜肴的形状(口感)、主料和味汁公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)味汁例：茄汁鱼片sliced fish with tomato sauce椒麻鸡块cutlets chicken with hot pepper黄酒脆皮虾仁crisp shrimps with rice wine sauce四、以人名或地名开头的翻译方法1 介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料公式：人名(地名)+主料例：麻婆豆腐Ma Po beancurd四川水饺Sichuan boiled dumpling2 介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、烹法和主料公式：人名(地名)+烹法+主料例：东坡煨肘DongPo stewed pork joint北京烤鸭Roast Beijing Duck在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中，可以采用多种不同的方法，而且每一道菜都可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。
经典语录英文翻译中英文对照
经典语录英文翻译中英文对照经典语录英文翻译中英文对照很多经典的语录和句子，为了方便阅读，都有中英文的对照翻译。
下面店铺给你带来的是经典语录英文翻译的内容，欢迎阅读!经典语录英文翻译(精选版)的理想，就是为了理想的生活。
The ideal of life is for ideal life.你是人生的作者，何必把剧本写的苦不堪言。
You are the author of life, why should write the script of the suffering.没有勤奋为桨的航船，既驶不进知识的港湾，也到不了成功的彼岸。
No hard to paddle boat, not sail into the knowledge of harbor, also can't get the other shore of success.因为物以类聚，你会吸引你喜欢或想要的东西。
Because the birds of a feather flock together, you will attract what you like or want.是摸不着的，但你却能感到她带来的甜蜜。
Love is imperceptible to the touch, but you can feel the sweetness of her.人生中真正的信念并不是憧憬胜利，而是相信生活。
Dreams true belief in life is not victory, but believe in life.生活不是单行线，一条路走不通，你可以转弯。
Life is not a one-way street, a road impassability, you can turn.不要满足于眼前的小成就问问自己：我这辈子就这样了吗。
Don't meet in front of small achievement ask yourself: I like this in my life?世间最容易的事是坚持，最难的事也是坚持。
商务英语口语900句中英文对照中文翻译全文翻译
商务英语口语900句中英文对照中文翻译全文翻译Unit 1希望与要求Part 11. We'd like to express our desire to establish business relationship with you on the basis of quality, mutual benefit and exchange of needed goods .我们希望在保证质量、互惠互利以及交易彼此需要的货物的基础上和你们建立业务关系。
2 .In order to extend our export business to your country we wish to enter direct business relations with you.为了扩大我们在贵国的出口业务，我们希望和你们建立直接贸易关系。
3. Our hope is to establish mutually beneficial trading relations between us .希望在我们之间能够建立互惠互利的贸易关系。
4. We looking forward to further extension of pleasant business relations.我们期待进一步保持愉快的业务关系。
5. It’s our hope to continue with considerable business dealing with you.我们的希望是和你们保持可观的生意往来。
6. We look forward to receiving your quotation very soon.我们期待尽快收到你们的报价单。
7.I hope you see from the reduction that we are really doing our utmost.我希望你能够看到我们事实上已经作出了最大程度的让价。
译文翻译大全
译文翻译大全 Translation DictionaryAAccount 账户；账号Accurate 准确的Achievement 成就；成绩Action 行动；作用Adapt 适应；改编Address 地址Advantage 优势Advertising 广告BBalance 平衡；余额Beauty 美丽；美妙Behavior 行为；举止Bold 大胆的；勇敢的Book 书籍；本子CCareful 仔细的Challenge 挑战；难题Championship 冠军赛Character 字符；角色Church 教堂DData 数据；资料Debt 债务Decision 决定；抉择Description 描述；描写 Design 设计；布置EEducation 教育Electricity 电Employment 雇佣；就业 Energy 能量；力量Engineer 工程师FFamiliar 熟悉的Fashion 时尚；潮流Finance 金融；财政Forgive 宽恕；饶恕Freedom 自由；自主GGift 礼物Goal 目标；目的Golf 高尔夫Government 政府；行政 HHabit 习惯；习性Hall 大厅；厅堂Harmful 有害的Healthy 健康的History 历史IIdentity 身份；本质 Income 收入；收益Interest 兴趣；利息 Interview 面试；会谈 Involve 包含；牵扯JJob 工作；职务Judge 审判；裁定KKitchen 厨房；厨具Knowledge 知识；学问 LLanguage 语言Liberty 自由；豁达Lifestyle 生活方式Logic 逻辑；推理MMajor 专业；主要Mark 标志；印记Material 物质；材料Mile 英里；里程NNature 自然；本质Negative 负面的；消极的 Notice 通告；注意OObject 物体；目标Opinion 意见；看法Organization 组织；机构 PPayment 付款；费用Performance 表演；表现 Pollution 污染；环境污染 Position 位置；姿势QQuantity 数量；量Question 问题；疑问RRace 种族；人种Religion 宗教；信仰Response 回应；答复Reward 奖励；报酬SService 服务；业务Skill 技能；技巧Social 社会的；社交的 Solution 解决方案；溶液 TTeacher 老师；教师Technique 技术；方法Team 团队；组织Technology 技术；科技 Thought 思想；想法UUnit 单位；部门University 大学VValuable 有价值的Victory 胜利；成功 Vision 视觉；远见WWorth 价值；可取之处 XX-ray X光YYard 码；院子Year 年；一年ZZone 区域；地带。
英汉对照全译大全
英汉对照全译大全全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：英汉对照全译是指将英语原文逐字逐句地翻译成中文，以保留原文的语言风格和表达方式，同时也让读者更容易理解原文的含义。
英汉对照全译不仅可以帮助中文读者学习英语，还可以让熟练掌握英语的读者更加深入地理解原文的含义和细节。
下面将为大家制作一份关于【英汉对照全译大全】的文章，通过英汉对照的方式，为大家提供更多学习和阅读的机会。
1. Hello, how are you? 你好，你好吗？2. I’m fine, thank you. 我很好，谢谢你。
3. What’s your name? 你叫什么名字？4. My name is Lisa. 我的名字是丽莎。
6. I am from China. 我来自中国。
8. Yes, I like reading very much. 是的，我非常喜欢读书。
10. My favorite book is "Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen. 我最喜欢的书是简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》。
12. I am twenty years old. 我二十岁了。
13. What do you do for a living? 你是做什么工作的？14. I am a teacher. 我是一名教师。
16. I enjoy listening to music and watching movies. 我喜欢听音乐和看电影。
17. Have you ever traveled abroad? 你有没有去过国外旅行？21. Do you have any siblings? 你有兄弟姐妹吗？22. Yes, I have one brother and one sister. 是的，我有一个哥哥和一个妹妹。
23. Are you married? 你结婚了吗？26. I plan to further my education and travel around the world. 我计划继续教育并环游世界。
中英文对照翻译文章
中英文对照翻译文章1The Giving Tree奉献树Once there was a tree…and she loved a little boy. Every day the boy would come and he would gather her leaves and make them into crowns and play king of the forest.He would climb up her trunkand swing from her branches and eat apples. And they would play hide-and-go-seek. And when he was tired, he would sleep in her shade. And the boy loved the tree very much….And the tree washappy.从前有一棵树，她喜欢一个小男孩。
每天男孩都会跑到这棵树下捡落叶，做成王冠，把自已装扮成森林之王。
男孩总是爬上树干，在树枝扛荡秋千，吃树上的苹果，他们还会一起玩捉迷藏的游戏。
男孩累了，就在树荫里睡觉。
小男孩非常喜爱这棵树，大树也十分开心。
But time went by. The boy grew older, and the tree was often alone.但是时光流逝，男孩逐渐长大，大树常常形单影只。
Then one day the boy came to the tree and the tree said."Come, Boy, come and climb up my trunk and swing from my branches and eat my apples and play in my shade and be happy."有一天男孩来到大树旁，大树说:“来吧，孩子，爬到我的树干上，在树枝上荡秋千，吃几个苹果，再到阴凉里玩一会儿，你会开心的!”"I am too big to climb and play." said the boy. "1 want to buy things and have fun. I want some money. Can you give me some money?"“我已经大了，不爱爬树玩儿了，”男孩说，“我想买些东西，想找些乐子。
中英文互译文章
中英文互译文章翻译是在特定社会文化背景下的交流过程,是一种特殊创作。
不少中英文互译的文章对提高读者英语水平有一定的帮助。
下面就是店铺给大家整理的中英文互译文章，希望大家喜欢。
中英文互译文章篇1：On leadership论领导What is leadership?什么是领导?Its qualities are difficult to define. But they are not so difficult to identity.领导应具备什么样的素质，这很难精确的解说，但辨认直陈却也不难。
Leaders don’t force other people to go along with them. They bring them along. Leaders getcommitment from others by giving it themselves, by building an environment that encouragescreativity, and by operating with honesty and fairness.领导者不强制别人与自己协调一致，而是帮助他们跟上。
领导者让别人承担义务，首先自己承担义务，造成一种能鼓励创造的环境，待人诚恳，处事公正。
Leaders demand much of others, but also much of themselves. They are ambitions- not only forthemselves, but also for those who work with them. They seek to attract, retain and developother people to their full abilities.领导者对人要求很多，同时也给人很多。
他们有雄心壮志，不仅为自己，也为和他们一道工作的人。
科技类文章中英文对照范文带翻译
科技类文章中英文对照范文带翻译印度首富百亿美元建4G网免费向全国提供India's richest man is rolling out a $20 billion mobile network that could bring lightning-fast Internet to hundreds of millions of people.印度首富正斥资200亿美元建设移动网络，或可使十亿人高速连接互联网。
Indian consumers are already celebrating the arrival of Mukesh Ambani's new Reliance Jio service, seizing on the billionaire's promise to deliver rock bottom prices and download speeds thatwill enable streaming video.印度消费者已经在庆祝穆克什•安巴尼新推出的瑞来斯Jio网络服务。
这位亿万富翁承诺，该网络会以最低价格提供满足流媒体使用的下载速度。
The 4G network, which reaches more than 80% of the country, officially went live Monday with a set of generous introductory offers.这个覆盖印度超过80%地区的4G网络于周一正式开通，同时慷慨附送试用套餐。
Indians will be able to use Jio for free until the end of 2021, and pay as little as 149 rupees $2.25 a month for data after that.印度人到今年年底都可免费使用Jio网络，之后的网费也只有每月149卢比2.25美金。
翻译专业中英文对照外文翻译文献
翻译专业中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)Translation EquivalenceDespite the fact that the world is becoming a global village, translation remains a major way for languages and cultures to interact and influence each other. And name translation, especially government name translation, occupies a quite significant place in international exchange.Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. While interpreting—the facilitating of oral or sign-language communication between users of different languages—antedates writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literature. There exist partial translations of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh (ca. 2000 BCE) into Southwest Asian languages of the second millennium BCE. Translators always risk inappropriate spill-over of source-language idiom and usage into the target-language translation. On the other hand, spill-overs have imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched the target languages. Indeed, translators have helped substantially to shape the languages into which they have translated. Due to the demands of business documentation consequent to the Industrial Revolution that began in the mid-18th century, some translation specialties have become formalized, with dedicated schools and professional associations. Because of the laboriousness of translation, since the 1940s engineers havesought to automate translation (machine translation) or to mechanically aid the human translator (computer-assisted translation). The rise of the Internet has fostered a world-wide market for translation services and has facilitated language localizationIt is generally accepted that translation, not as a separate entity, blooms into flower under such circumstances like culture, societal functions, politics and power relations. Nowadays, the field of translation studies is immersed with abundantly diversified translation standards, with no exception that some of them are presented by renowned figures and are rather authoritative. In the translation practice, however, how should we select the so-called translation standards to serve as our guidelines in the translation process and how should we adopt the translation standards to evaluate a translation product?In the macro - context of flourish of linguistic theories, theorists in the translation circle, keep to the golden law of the principle of equivalence. The theory of Translation Equivalence is the central issue in western translation theories. And the presentation of this theory gives great impetus to the development and improvement of translation theory. It‟s not difficult for us to discover that it is the theory of Translation Equivalence that serves as guidelines in government name translation in China. Name translation, as defined, is the replacement of the name in the source language by an equivalent name or other words in the target language. Translating Chinese government names into English, similarly, is replacing the Chinese government name with an equivalentin English.Metaphorically speaking, translation is often described as a moving trajectory going from A to B along a path or a container to carry something across from A to B. This view is commonly held by both translation practitioners and theorists in the West. In this view, they do not expect that this trajectory or something will change its identity as it moves or as it is carried. In China, to translate is also understood by many people normally as “to translate the whole text sentence by sentence and paragraph by paragraph, without any omission, addition, or other changes. In both views, the source text and the target text must be “the same”. This helps explain the etymological source for the term “translation equivalence”. It is in essence a word which describes the relationship between the ST and the TT.Equivalence means the state or fact or property of being equivalent. It is widely used in several scientific fields such as chemistry and mathematics. Therefore, it comes to have a strong scientific meaning that is rather absolute and concise. Influenced by this, translation equivalence also comes to have an absolute denotation though it was first applied in translation study as a general word. From a linguistic point of view, it can be divided into three sub-types, i.e., formal equivalence, semantic equivalence, and pragmatic equivalence. In actual translation, it frequently happens that they cannot be obtained at the same time, thus forming a kind of relative translation equivalence in terms of quality. In terms of quantity, sometimes the ST and TT are not equivalent too. Absolutetranslation equivalence both in quality and quantity, even though obtainable, is limited to a few cases.The following is a brief discussion of translation equivalence study conducted by three influential western scholars, Eugene Nida, Andrew Chesterman and Peter Newmark. It‟s expected that their studies can instruct GNT study in China and provide translators with insightful methods.Nida‟s definition of translation is: “Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.” It is a replacement of textual material in one language〔SL〕by equivalent textual material in another language（TL）. The translator must strive for equivalence rather than identity. In a sense, this is just another way of emphasizing the reproducing of the message rather than the conservation of the form of the utterance. The message in the receptor language should match as closely as possible the different elements in the source language to reproduce as literally and meaningfully as possible the form and content of the original. Translation equivalence is an empirical phenomenon discovered by comparing SL and TL texts and it‟s a useful operational concept like the term “unit of translation”.Nida argues that there are two different types of equivalence, namely formal equivalence and dynamic equivalence. Formal correspondence focuses attention on the message itself, in both form and content, whereas dynamic equivalence is based upon “the principle of equivalent effect”.Formal correspondence consists of a TL item which represents the closest equivalent of a ST word or phrase. Nida and Taber make it clear that there are not always formal equivalents between language pairs. Therefore, formal equivalents should be used wherever possible if the translation aims at achieving formal rather than dynamic equivalence. The use of formal equivalents might at times have serious implications in the TT since the translation will not be easily understood by the target readership. According to Nida and Taber, formal correspondence distorts the grammatical and stylistic patterns of the receptor language, and hence distorts the message, so as to cause the receptor to misunderstand or to labor unduly hard.Dynamic equivalence is based on what Nida calls “the principle of equivalent effect” where the relat ionship between receptor and message should be substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and the message. The message has to be modified to the receptor‟s linguistic needs and cultural expectation and aims at complete naturalness of expression. Naturalness is a key requirement for Nida. He defines the goal of dynamic equivalence as seeking the closest natural equivalent to the SL message. This receptor-oriented approach considers adaptations of grammar, of lexicon and of cultural references to be essential in order to achieve naturalness; the TL should not show interference from the SL, and the …foreignness …of the ST setting is minimized.Nida is in favor of the application of dynamic equivalence, as a moreeffective translation procedure. Thus, the product of the translation process, that is the text in the TL, must have the same impact on the different readers it was addressing. Only in Nida and Taber's edition is it clearly stated that dynamic equivalence in translation is far more than mere correct communication of information.As Andrew Chesterman points out in his recent book Memes of Translation, equivalence is one of the five element of translation theory, standing shoulder to shoulder with source-target, untranslatability, free-vs-literal, All-writing-is-translating in importance. Pragmatically speaking, observed Chesterman, “the only true examples of equivalence (i.e., absolute equivalence) are those in which an ST item X is invariably translated into a given TL as Y, and vice versa. Typical examples would be words denoting numbers (with the exception of contexts in which they have culture-bound connotations, such as “magic” or “unlucky”), certain technical terms (oxygen, molecule) and the like. From this point of view, the only true test of equivalence would be invariable back-translation. This, of course, is unlikely to occur except in the case of a small set of lexical items, or perhaps simple isolated syntactic structure”.Peter Newmark. Departing from Nida‟s rece ptor-oriented line, Newmark argues that the success of equivalent effect is “illusory “and that the conflict of loyalties and the gap between emphasis on source and target language will always remain as the overriding problem in translation theory and practice. He suggests narrowing the gap by replacing the old terms with those of semanticand communicative translation. The former attempts to render, as closely as the semantic and syntactic structures of the second language allow, the exact contextual meani ng of the original, while the latter “attempts to produce on its readers an effect as close as possible to that obtained on the readers of the original.” Newmark‟s description of communicative translation resembles Nida‟s dynamic equivalence in the effect it is trying to create on the TT reader, while semantic translation has similarities to Nida‟s formal equivalence.Meanwhile, Newmark points out that only by combining both semantic and communicative translation can we achieve the goal of keeping the …spirit‟ of the original. Semantic translation requires the translator retain the aesthetic value of the original, trying his best to keep the linguistic feature and characteristic style of the author. According to semantic translation, the translator should always retain the semantic and syntactic structures of the original. Deletion and abridgement lead to distortion of the author‟s intention and his writing style.翻译对等尽管全世界正在渐渐成为一个地球村，但翻译仍然是语言和和文化之间的交流互动和相互影响的主要方式之一。
中英文文章对比翻译
中英文文章对比翻译社会生活的信息化和经济的全球化，使英语的重要性日益突出。
英语作为最主要的信息载体之一，已成为人类生活各个领域中使用最广泛的语言。
下面是店铺带来的中英文文章对比翻译，欢迎阅读!中英文文章对比翻译1中国竞争最惨烈的工作岗位空姐!In recent years, air hostessing has come to be seen as one of the most competitive jobs in China. It has extremely strict requirements, and approximately 50 people apply for each available position.近年来，空姐已被视为中国最具竞争力的工作之一。
该职业要求极其严格，每个职位大约有50人共同竞争。
In addition to fulfilling a height requirement, flight attendant candidates must also pass a physical examination encompassing internal, ophthalmological and otorhinolaryngological health. Artistic performance is another selection standard for flight attendants.除了身高要求，空姐候选人还必须通过包括内科、眼科以及耳鼻喉科在内的各项体检。
同时，文艺表演也是选拔空姐的另一项标准。
China's past developing economy contributed to the popularity of the occupation. Because airplanes used to be seen not merely a mode of transportation, but also as a symbol of high social status, it used to be a true honor to work on an airplane.中国经济的腾飞使得空姐一职越来越受欢迎。
段落翻译 中英文对照
1. The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Duanwu Festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by eating Tzung Tzu and racing dragon boats.The most important activities of this festival are the dragon boat races. Competing teams drive their colorful dragon boats forward to the rhythm（节奏,韵律） of beating drums. These exciting races were inspired by the villager's attempts to rescue Chu Yuan from the Mi Lo River. This tradition has remained unbroken for centuries.A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat festival is tzung tzu. This tasty dish consists of rice dumplings with meat, peanut, egg yolk（蛋黄）, or other fillings wrapped in bamboo leaves. The tradition of tzung tzu is meant to remind us of the village fishermen scattering rice across the water of the Mi Low River in order to appease the river dragons so that they would not devour Chu Yuan.一，端午节龙舟节也叫做端午节，它位于每年农历的五月初五，经过几千年的时间，划龙舟和吃粽子已经成为这个节日的标志。
公共场所通用标识中英文双语翻译对照表(仅供参考)
第一部分序号中文名称英文名称1 当心触电Danger!High Voltage2 当心碰撞Beware of Collisions3 当心台阶Mind the Step/Watch Your Ste4 小心玻璃Caution Glass5 小心滑倒/小心地滑Caution Slippery /Caution Wet Floor6 小心碰头Mind Your Head/Watch Your Head7 注意安全CAUTION /Caution8 注意防火Fire Hazard Area9 非公莫入Staff Only10 禁止鸣笛No Horn11 勿扔垃圾/请勿乱扔废弃物No Littering12 禁止停车No Parking13 禁止停留No Stopping14 禁止吸烟No Smoking15 拉PULL/Pull16 推PUSH/Push17 入口ENTRANCE/ Entrance18 出口/安全出口/安全通道EXIT/Exit19 紧急出口Emergency Exit20 紧急救护电话(120) First Aid Call 12021 紧急疏散地Evacuation Site22 请勿跨越No Crossing23 请勿拍照No Photography24 请勿摄影No Filming / No Video25 请勿使用闪光灯No Flash Photography26 火警电话119 Fire Call 119/Fire Alarm 11927 投诉电话Complaints Hotline28 危难时请速报110 Emergency Call 11029 危险，请勿靠近Danger Keep Away30 请绕行Detour31 请勿打电话No Phone Calls32 请勿带宠物入内No Pets Allowed33 请勿抚摸/请勿触摸Don't Touch34 请勿践踏草坪Please Keep Off the Grass34 请勿坐卧停留No Loitering35 请爱护公共财产Please Protect Public Property36 请爱护公共设施Please Protect Public Facilities37 请节约用水Please Save Water /Dont Waste Water38 请您保管好自己的物品Take Care of Your Belongings39 请按顺序排队Please Line Up40 安全疏散指示图/紧急疏散指示图Evacuation Chart41 保持安静/请勿大声喧哗Quiet Please42 残疾人专用Disabled Only43 留言栏Complaints Suggestions44 伸手出水Automatic Tap45 随手关门Keep Door Closed/Please close the door behind you.46 禁止入内/严禁入内No Entry/No Admittance47 闲人免进/请勿入内Staff Only /No Admittance48 谢绝参观/游客止步No Admittance49 正在维修Repairs in Progress50 有电危险Danger Electric Shock Risk51 请勿随地吐痰No Spitting52 严禁携带易燃易爆等危险品Dangerous Articles Prohibited53 暂停服务/临时关闭Temporarily Closed54 老年人、残疾人、军人优先Priority for Seniors and Disabled55 请在此等候Please Wait Here56 消防通道，请勿占用Fire Engine Access. Dont Block第二部分序号中文名称英文名称1 停车场Parking2 医务室Clinic3 厕所Toilet4 男厕所Gents/Men5 女厕所Ladies/Women6 女更衣室Womens Dressing Room7 男更衣室Mens Dressing Room8 步行梯/楼梯Stairs9 自动扶梯Escalator10 电梯Elevator/Lift11 问询处/咨询(台) Information12 前台/服务台/接待Reception13 消防栓Fire Hydrant14 派出所Police Station15 急救中心First Aid Center16 公用电话Telephone17 磁卡电话Magnetic Card Phone18 餐厅Restaurant19 员工通道Staff Only20 疏散通道Escape Route21 消防通道Fire Engine Access22 废物箱/垃圾箱Trash/Litter23 紧急呼救设施/紧急报警器Emergency Alarm24 自行车停放处Bicycle Parking25 出租车Taxi26 残疾人设施For Disabled27 火情警报设施Fire Alarm28 紧急呼救电话Emergency Phone29 失物招领Lost Found30 收银台/收款台/结帐Cashier31 商店Shop32 食品部Food Shop33 酒吧Bar/Pub34 快餐厅Snack Bar/Fast Food35 西餐厅Western Restaurant36 中餐厅Chinese Restaurant37 咖啡馆/咖啡厅Café38 一/二/三/四/五层(楼) F1/F2/F3/F4/F539 地下一层/二层/三层B1/B2/B340 灭火器Fire Extinguisher41 饮水处Drinking Water42 自动取款机ATM43 吸烟室Smoking Room44 吸烟区Smoking Area45 报刊亭Kiosk46 消防应急面罩Fire Mask47 配电柜Power Distribution Cabinet48 配电箱Power Distribution Box49 衣帽寄存Cloakroom50 行李寄存Left Luggage/Luggage Deposit。
经典的中英文对照
一些有意思的句子的中英文对照Good for you!Let's celebrate!祝贺你，让我们庆祝一下吧！You're the best thing that's ever happened to me.遇见你是我人生中最美的邂逅。
Work does much more for us than just giving us a living;工作所给予我们的岂止是混口饭吃；it gives us our life and the reason for living.它赋予我们生命以及活下去的理由。
Increasing numbers of them were not willing to settle for the traditional role of a wife越来越多的女性不再满足于做一个贤妻良母-- at least as it exists in its current form. They preferred to keep their jobs and stay single.——至少目前存在这种情况。
她们希望能继续工作，不着急结婚。
Failure does not imply you have wasted time and life，失败并不意味着你浪费了时间和生命，It shows you have reasons to start again.而是表明你有理由重新开始。
The greatest lesson of life is that you are responsible for your life.人生最重要的训诫是你要为你的人生负责。
I don't need a man to feed me, but I still need a man to love me and that I could love.我不需要一个男人养我，但我仍要一个男人爱我，而我也爱他。
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封面：
中华人民共和国People’s Republic of China
结婚证Marriage Marriage Certificate
P1：
中华人民共和国民政部（印章）Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People’s Republic of China (Special Seal for Marriage Certificate Administration)
中华人民共和国民政部监制
Supervised by Ministry of Civil Affairs of PRC
结婚申请，符合《中华人民共和国婚姻法》规定，予以登记。
发给此证。
Marriage application comply with Marriage Law of the P.R.C., in confirmation of marriage registration the marriage certificate was distributed.
登记机关（stamp）XX民政厅婚姻登记专用章
Registration authority (seal) The special seal of XXX Civil Affairs Department of the marriage registration.
婚姻登记员XXX
The marriage registrar XXX
P2
持证人Holder
登记日期Registration Date
结婚证字号Marriage Certificate No.
备注
姓名Fullname 性别Gender
国籍Nationality出生日期Date of Birth
身份证件号ID Number
姓名Fullname 性别Gender
国籍Nationality出生日期Date of Birth
身份证件号ID Number
P3
婚姻法规定，要求结婚的男女双方必须亲自到婚姻登记机关进行结婚登记。
符合本规定的，予以登记，发给结婚证。
取得结婚证，即确立夫妻关系。
According the Marriage Law both man and women have to come personally to the marriage registration office to register their marriage. In accordance with this Law
registration is completed and the certificate is issued. Marriage certificate obtain designates the establishment of the relationship between husband and wife.。