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北京外国语大学2010英语翻译基础答案

北京外国语大学2010年翻译硕士（MTI笔译方向）英语翻译基础试卷（答案）I.Translate the following terms into Chinese(15points,1point each):1.UNESCO联合国教科文组织2.NASA美国宇航局3.Diet of Japan日本国会4.FDI外商直接投资TV(not中国中央电视台)闭路电视6.FBI联邦调查局7.GM crop转基因粮食8.IAEA国际原子能机构9.opportunity cost机会成本10.Keynesians凯恩斯主义者11.the Tories英国保守党（托利党）12.the State Department in Washington华盛顿国务院13.the Treasury Department of the U.S.美国财政部14.protectionism保护主义15.Balance of Payments收支平衡II.Translate the following terms into English(15points,1point each):1.中国特色的社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics2.科学发展观scientific outlook on development3.全面建设小康社会build a moderately prosperous society in all respects4.以人为本people-oriented5.宏观经济调控macroeconomic control6.自主创新能力independent innovation7.完善人民币汇率形成机制improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate8.中西医并重emphasize on the importance of both TCM and western medicine9.突发事件应急管理机制improve the mechanisms for responding to emergencies10.港人治港people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong11.构建两岸关系和平发展框架establish the framework of peaceful development across the straits12.知足常乐A contented mind is a perpetual feast13.水火无情Fire and water have no mercy14.祸从口出A ready tongue is an evil15.一蹶不振collapse after one setbackIII.Translate the following passages into Chinese1..最近，我以首席证人的身份参与了一桩谋杀案的审判，由此觉察到一个细微的法律问题，这个问题源于我们国家不断多民族化的进程。

英语MTI考研英语翻译基础中的缩略词举例

英语MTI考研英语翻译基础中的缩略词举例缩略词是英语翻译MTI翻译基础试卷里面的必考项，虽说没有理解上的难度，但这部分内容要求大家进行地毯式复习，多读多涉猎，尽量覆盖全面。

下面我们将列出一些颇具代表性的缩略词，由于公众号篇幅有限，仅供大家查缺补漏。

暑期即将来临，考研的同学们要加把劲了！缩略词AQ英文Adversity Quotient的缩写，逆境商数，指一个人处理逆境的能力。

EQ(Emotional Quotient)情商IQ(Intelligence Quotient)智商ATM英文Automatic Teller machine的缩写，即自动柜员机，又称自动取款机。

BBS英文Bulletin Board System的缩写，公告牌系统或电子公告板。

BSS英文Base Station System的缩写，即基站系统，指移动通信中的空中接口部分。

CBD英文Central Business District的缩写，又称中央商务区。

CA英文Certified Public Accountant的缩写，即注册会计师，指依法取得注册资金会计师证书并接受委托，从事审计和会计咨询、会计服务业务的执业人员。

CPI英文Consumer Price Index的缩写，即全国居民消费价格指数。

CTO英文Chief Technology Officer的缩写，即首席技术主管。

DV英文Digital Video的缩写，即数码摄像，现又多指由个人制作的数字影像作品。

EPD英文Environment People and development的缩写，意为环境人口与可持续发展教育，是联合国教科文组织的跨学科项目。

EVA英文Economic Value Added的缩写，即经济增加值，指在扣除产生利润而投资的资本的成本之后所剩下的利润。

GNP英文Gross National Product的缩写，即国民生产总值，指在一定时期内一国各部门所提供的产品和劳务的价值总和，是反映一国经济状况的综合性指标。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(汉译英)模拟试卷十

英语翻译基础（汉译英）模拟试卷十1. 中国将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，继续加强同发展中国家的团结合作，同它们一道维护发展中国家正当合理的权益。

同时，我们要进一步致力于稳定周边、巩固睦邻友好。

我们还将不断地充实与各个大国已经建立或正在建立的未来关系框架的内涵。

我们将更积极地参与国际事务和各种多边外交活动，坚决反对霸权主义、强权政治，推动在世界上建立公平合理、平等互利的国际政治、经济新秩序。

标准答案China will unswervingly observe the independent and peaceful foreign policy. It will continue to reinforce its solidarity and cooperation with the developing countries in the world and, together with them, to safeguard the just and reasonable rights of the developing countries. At the same time, we will be further committed to stabilizing our peripheral areas and to consolidating the harmonious friendship withour neighboring countries. We will also make continued efforts to enrich the implications of the framework of the future relations that have been established or that are being established with all the major countries of the world. We will take more positive steps to participate in international affairs and in various kinds of multilateral diplomatic activities. China will remain firm in its opposition to hegemonism, power politics and will endeavor to promote the establishment of a new internationalpolitical and economic order that is fair, reasonable, equal and reciprocally beneficial.2. 中国将坚定不移地综合执行和平独立的外交政策。

北京大学翻译硕士(MTI)基础科目英汉互译真题

北京大学翻译硕士（MTI）基础科目英汉互译真题1.reciprocal banquet 答谢宴会2.pop concert 流行音乐会3.black tea 红茶4.Red-hot news 最新消息5.sanitary ware 卫生洁具6.talk show 脱口秀7.Illegal assembly 非法集会8.WHO 世界卫生组织9.Business loan 商业贷款10.liberal education 人文教育11.Monetary restraint 紧缩银根12.Triple crown 三连冠13.Byzantine Empire 拜占庭帝国N （Cable News Network）美国有线电视新闻网络 speak 网络用语汉译英：1.中央情报局CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)2.餐馆勤杂工busboy3.军事法庭military tribunal4.新手green hand (red tape官僚习气；blue stocking 才女)5.核裁军nuclear disarmament6.杀人未遂Attempted Murder7.主题公园theme park8.习惯法common law; customary law9.破产申请bankruptcy petition10.经济指标economic indicator [target]11.学费减免tuition waiver12.半决赛semi-final13.百老汇大街Broadway14.病毒清除程序virus clearing procedure15.桂冠诗人Poet Laureate （结合World Laureate 世界桂冠诗人奖）凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。

武汉大学翻译硕士(MTI)基础科目英汉互译真题

武汉大学翻译硕士（MTI）基础科目英汉互译真题1.APEC 亚太经合组织2.CAT 计算机辅助翻译(Computer Aided Translation) ; （结合：CAD 计算机辅助设计）3.NATO 北大西洋公约组织（North Atlantic Treaty Organization）4.FIT 国外个人旅行（Foreign Independent Tour）5.GPS 全球定位系统（Global Position System）；6.IMF 国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)7.subtitling 字幕8.Morse code 摩尔斯电码9.Translation studies 翻译研究10.Jerusalem 耶路撒冷11.General Assembly 联合国大会12.Gallup poll盖洛普民意测验13.money order汇款单14.Think-Aloud Protocols有声思维15.translation norms翻译规范汉译英：16.双赢Win-win17.三国Three Kingdoms18.直译Literal translation19.信达雅faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance20.民族政策Ethnic policies21.科学发展观Scientific Outlook on Development；22.节约型社会conservation-oriented society23.节能减排Energy conservation and emission reduction24.次贷危机Sub-prime mortgage crisis25.服务型政府Service-oriented government26.扫黄打非Eliminate pornography and illegal publications27.灾害救助制度the natural disaster relief system28.和谐社会harmonious society29.职业翻译者professional translator30.国际关系民主化practice democracy in international relations1 ASEAN:东南亚国家联盟（东盟）（Association of Southeast Asian Nations)2 CPI:消费者物价指数（Consumer Price Index）；3 EQ:情商（Emotional Quotient）4 GMT:格林威治标准时间（Greenwich Mean Time）5 GNP：国民生产总值（gross national product）6 OPEC：石油输出国家组织（Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries）7 UNCF:联合国儿童基金会（the United Children's Fund ）8 UNESCO:联合国教科文组织（United Nations Educational，Scientific，and Cultural Organization)9 NGO:民间组织；非政府组织（Non-Governmental Organization）10 Dynamic Equivalence 动态对等11 Foreignizing Method 异化12 Intersemiotic Translation 符际翻译【扩展：翻译可从5种不同的角度来分类：从译出语和译入语的角度来分类，翻译可分为本族语译为外语、外语译为本族语；1）从涉及到的语言符号来分类，翻译分为语内翻译（intralingual translation）、语际翻译（interlingual translation）和符际翻译（intersemiotic translation）；2）从翻译的手段来分类，翻译可分为口译（oral interlingual translation）、笔译（written interlingual translation）和机器翻译（machine translation）；3）从翻译的题材来分类，翻译可分为专业文献翻译（translation of English for science and technology）、文学翻译（literary translation）和一般性翻译（practical writing translation）；4）从翻译的处理方式来分类，翻译可分为全译（full translation）、摘译（partial translation）和编译（translation plus editing）】13 Lingua Franca 通用语14 Polysystems Theory 多元系统理论15 Department of Homeland Security 国土安全局汉译英：1 即席翻译unseen translation2 稀土rare earth3 产品导向product-driven4 民族的先知prophet of a nation5 操纵汇率Exchange Rate Manipulation6 第三产业The tertiary industry7 宏观调控macro-control efforts8 虚拟经济Virtonomics9 生态补偿机制ecological compensation mechanism10 西部大开发largescale development of the western region11 抑制流动性curb liquidity12 可持续发展sustainable development13 全面战略伙伴关系the comprehensive strategic partnership14 转变政府职能The transformation of governmental functions15 国际金融新秩序a new international financial order凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。

MTI样题及答案

翻译硕士考试样题及参考答案翻译硕士考试《英语翻译基础》样题I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point f or each. (30’)1. APEC2. ASEAN3. CFO4. CPI5. EMS “Express Mail Service”)，邮政特快专递服务6. FBI7. GPS8. IPO全称Initial public offerings(首次公开募股)，9. NATO10. International Monetary Fund11. most favored nations12. Intellectual Property Rights13. Certified Public Accountant注册会计师14. European Free Trade Association欧洲自由贸易联盟15. International Atomic Energy Agency 国际原子能总署16. 按揭贷款mortgage17. 保健食品health food18. 保税区bonded area19. 不正之风unhealthy tendency20. 春运Spring Festival travel21. 第三产业tertiary /service sector22. 法制国家a state with an adequate legal system23. 国际惯例international common practice24. 货到付款cash on delivery25. 亏损企业enterprises running in the red/under deficit26. 减员增效reduce staff for greater efficiency27. 联合兼并conglomeration and merger of enterprises28. 留职停薪retain the job but suspend the salary29. 特别提款权special drawing rights (SDR; SDRs) ; paper gold30. 市场准入market access, market admittanceII. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. Ifthe source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120’)Source Text 1:A physician starts playing a harsh mental tape in her head every time a new patient calls: What if I make the wrong diagnosis? I’m a terrible doctor. How did I get into medical school? An executive loses his job despite 25 productive years, he tells hims elf: I’m a loser. I can’t provide for my family, and I’ll never be able to do it again. If these real-life examples sound familiar, you may have a caustic commentary running in your head, too. Psychologists say many of their patients are plagued by a harsh Inner Critic—including some extremely successful people who think it’s the secret to their success.An Inner Critic can indeed roust you out of bed in the morning, get you on the treadmill (literally and figuratively) and spur you to finish that book or symphony or invention. But the desire to achieve can get hijacked by harsh judgment and unrelenting fear. Unrelenting self-criticism often goes hand in hand with anxiety, and it may even predict depression. Self-criticism is also a factor in eating disorders, and body disorder—that is, preoccupation with one’s perceived physical flaws.Many people’s Inner Critic makes an appearance early in life and is such a constant companion that it’s part of their personality. Psychologists say that children, particularly those with a genetic predisposition to depression, may internalize and exaggerate the expectations of parents or peers or society. One theory is that self-criticism is anger turned inward, when sufferers are filled with hostility but too afraid and insecure to let it out. Other theories hold that people who scold themselves are acting out guilt or shame or subconsciously shielding themselves against criticism from others: You can’t tell me anything I don’t already tell myself, even in harsher terms.Techniques from cognitive behavioral therapy can be helpful in changing patterns of thought that have become painful. There are many patients, such as doctors, lawyers—who believed that if they didn’t flog themselves, they wouldn’t be successful. And par t of psychologists’ work is to break through that belief by telling the patients that they usually succeed in spite of their Inner Critics, not because of them. (360 words)【Key words】depression 抑郁症cognitive behavioral therapy 认知行为疗法Source Text 2:农业是多哈谈判的核心。

北外考研英语笔译(MTI笔译)备考经验整理分享

北外考研英语笔译(MTI笔译)备考经验整理分享一、翻译基础考试结构:15个英译汉短语、15个汉译英短语、一篇英译汉、一篇汉译英时间：3小时单词是基础，用到的词汇书汇总：1.刘毅10000词2.新东方的专八词汇3.新东方的《中高级口译考试词汇必备》4.平时练习翻译中不认识的单词【另外单词是永远记不完的，但是你遇到不会的，就要立马记下了，并反复记忆，后来你会发现，再遇到翻译时，你不会的单词变的少了。

还有一点需要提醒大家的就是，一定要反复地回过头来复习你遇到的生词，有计划的复习，循环往复，这样才有效果，并且要积累一些高级词汇，不要一看到重要，就想到important,一看到好，就想到good之类的，要有高级替换词】30个短语翻译北外出题紧跟潮流热点，比如今年考的“NASA”，bitcoin就是往年考过的，“Paparazzi”也很简单，ladygaga有首歌名就是这个，ALS则是今年流行的IcebucketChallenge相关，还有十八届四中全会，如果你看了政府工作报告，一定不陌生。

当然，也有比较生僻的。

备考方法：1、中国日报英语点津上的新词新译，北外的好多题都是出自其中。

把英语点津上的词语翻译专门整理打印出来，按照计划每天复习一点。

一定要坚持每天看，并且要多看几遍，因为一遍是根本不能全部记住。

2、还有就是政府工作报告，这个推荐大家去背诵，不单单是短语，对段落翻译也很有用，比如今年的“量化宽松政策”就是出自政府工作报告，“十八届四中全会”也是。

4、卢敏出的《笔译二级三级通用的词汇》和ChinaDaily出的一本书《最新汉英特色词汇词典》（短语这部分范围广，需要每天积累，并不断复习。

忘记，再背诵，再忘记，再复习背诵，反复进行。

另外，我建议：如果你觉得自己有些短语背诵的差不多了的话，别掉以轻心，下笔写一下，或许你会发现自己记得并不是那么牢固，每个短语只有一分，大小写错误，少了S，统统都是没有分了，所以一定要记得准确，虽然是30分，但是也不要太过于担心，因为有些短语翻译在段落中也可以用的，或者在段落翻译的时候，也学习了短语翻译，这些都是相通的。

《英语翻译基础》考试大纲(357)

《英语翻译基础》考试大纲（357）
一、考查目标
《英语翻译基础》作为翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）入学考试的专业课，目的是考查考生是否具备扎实的英汉两种语言的基本功，是否具备较强的英汉/汉英转换能力。

二、基本内容
本考试为测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。

考试的范围包括MTI考生入学应具备的英语词汇量、语法知识以及英汉两种语言转换的基本技能。

三、主要参考教材
《高级英语写作教程》，马红军、毛卓亮，中国对外翻译出版社，2003年。

《英汉翻译教程》，张培基，上海外语教育出版社，2009年。

《英语笔译实务》(三级)最新修订版，张春柏，外文出版社，2009年。

四、题型
本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方法。

考试包括词语翻译和英汉互译共两个部分，总分为150分。

1、词语翻译
要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/英术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。

汉/英文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。

2、英汉互译
要求考生较为准确地翻译出所给的文章，英译汉为350-450个单词，汉译英为250-350个汉字，各占60分，总分120分。

《英语翻译基础》考试内容一览表
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2019年北京外国语学院MTI翻译基础真题

北京外国语大学2019年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业：英语口译、英语笔译科目名称：英语翻译基础(考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）I.Translate the following terms into Chinese.(15points,1point each)1.EQ2.adversity quotient3.CIO4.CBD5.OTC6.UPU7.induction cooker8.pentathlon9.certificate of origin10.pathogen11.interim provisions12.No loitering.13.dopamine14.national treatment15.pyramind schemeII．Translate the following terms into English.(15points,1point each)1.报复性关税2.水陆两栖飞机3.科技创业板4.吃瓜群众5.上海自由贸易试验区6.网络空间7.剁手党8.司法行政机关9.自拍10.文化事业单位11.健身教练12.政府采购13.暂行规定14.大道至简15.疏导公众情绪III．Translate the following passage into Chinese.(60points)Major global trends such as population growth,urbanization,uneven economic growth,increasing inequality,sudden or protracted political transitions and climate change suggest that humanitarian caseloads will continue to increase.Already,the consequences of disasters for national and regional development,as well as economic growth,have led many Governments to bolster national capacities for disaster management.People affected by emergencies also increasingly use technology to articulate their needs,to seek resources from their own communities,neighbors and Governments.Humanitarian actors can leverage technology to distribute assistance more quickly and cost-efficiently and to map hazards for better coordination and planning.It will be essential to support innovation in the sector and for humanitarian organizations to harness the opportunities technology can provide.Member States and humanitarian actors are still better at responding to crises than at preventing or preparing for them.Recognizing this,the United Nations brought resilience to the forefront of the humanitarian agenda in2012through closercollaboration between humanitarian and development agencies to manage risks and address the underlying vulnerabilities.Increased synergies between disaster risk reduction,including preparedness,and climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts will be needed.Given the changing humanitarian landscape,we must continue to adapt and update the international humanitarian system,making it more inclusive and interoperable, connecting and convening all actors who want to contribute to different aspects of preparedness,response,resilience and recovery.We must put a greater premium on evidence,innovation and partnerships,as well as on enhanced capacity,especially at the local level.More must be done to engage affected countries.Preparations are under way for a World Humanitarian Summit in2016to take stock of the changing environment,agree on how to adapt and make humanitarian action fir for future challenges.IV.Translate the following passage into English(60points)越来越多的有识之士认为，人类文明正处于深刻转型之中，正走向一个新时代。

MTI英语翻译基础考试样题

英语翻译基础考试样题I. Directions:Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30’)1.BRICS2.FTA3.ISO4.ITU5.NASA6.OTC7.OAPEC8.UNCTAD9.cloud computing10.Financial Stability Board11.Kyoto Protocol12.Grand Slam13.World Intellectual Property Organization14.EU Aviation Carbon Tax15.Mergers and Acquisitions16.“十二五”规划17.特别行政区18.次级抵押贷款19.核安全峰会20.经济结构调整21.主权债务危机22.退税23.混合式动力汽车24.强制拆迁25.学历造假26.工业明胶27.吃劳保28.贫富悬殊29.示范项目30.信用评级机构II. Directions:Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. (120’)Source Text 1:Your presence here on earth today is largely thanks to the ability of yourancestors to stay alive, at least until they were old enough to mate and breed. To do that would have required enough confidence to either hunt or negotiate for food and sex, but not so much confidence that they took daft risks, meaning that a degree of timidity, fear, anxiety and awareness of danger is very likely to be part of our DNA.So if you’re looking for universal confidence, i.e. a feeling of confidence that is with you at all times, or the kind of confidence that enables you to tackle tasks and situations that you have neither the skills nor the experience to deal with, you are going against your survival instincts. It’s right to feel fear under the right circumstances.As a child you were born in a state of spontaneity and relative fearlessness, but your survival depended on your ability to learn from both experience and your parents that there are many things that can harm or kill you. This makes sense, because the animal that is alert to danger usually lives longer than the animal that is oblivious to threat, brave beyond its abilities and takes risks without calculating that odds first. The animal that lives to fight another day is usually the one that avoids or runs from attack rather than the one that meets it square-on, constantly trying to punch above its weight by taking on enemies and situations that it has neither the muscle, skills nor experience to deal with.Unfortunately parents can allow their role as protector to usurp their role in teaching you how to be self-sufficient as soon as possible. When this happens they’ll often plant extra worries and cautions in your mind that can make you fearful as an adult. They just hope cowardice will keep you out of danger. (316 words)Source Text 2:自1976年联合国开始统计年轻人失业率以来，今年全世界15岁至24岁年龄段的失业人数创下新高。

翻译硕士笔译技巧：翻译层次-段落与篇章

翻译硕士笔译技巧：翻译层次－段落与篇章一、段落(paragraph) 段落是小于语篇的语义单位，是一个在概念上比句子更大的翻译分析单位。

它可能是几个句群，也可能是一个句群，还可能只是一个句子，甚至是一个词。

以段落为单位对原语进行分析，较之以句子为单位的分析更有利于译者对原文作者意向及原文逻辑关联的把握。

从翻译实践出发，这里所讲的是至少有一个句群组成的段落。

先谈英汉对比，后说英语语段的译法。

1)英汉段落比较段落是具有明确的始末标记的、语义相对完整、交际功能相对独立的语篇单位。

英语段落的构成大致可分两类：一类是典型的"主题句——阐述句——总结句"结构，另一类则有点象汉语的以某一中心思想统领的形散神聚结构，但注重形合的英语常常使用许多衔接和连贯手段，以便从形式上显现各种组合关系。

前一类结构的主题句标明段落的主题思想，接下来的句子必须在语义上与这一主题关联，在逻辑上演绎严谨。

这一特征在英语的论说文中表现得尤为突出。

而汉语段落通常都围绕一个较为含蓄的中心思想，其表述方式多为迂回式和流散式的，句际之间的意义关联可以是隐约的、似断非断的。

当然，也有不少十分注重逻辑推演的段落，句际之间环环相扣，但有相当数量的汉语段落都是形分意合的，没有英语中常见的那些连接词。

这种现象的背后当然是中英思维方式上的某些差异。

另外，段落构成在不同体裁的文章中也有明显差异。

比较一下英汉语段落构成情况，我们只能说它们是同中有异、异中有同，异略大于同。

例如： Gold，a precious metal，is prized for two important characteristics. First of all，gold has a lustrous beauty that is resistant to corrosion. Therefore， it is suitable for jewelry， coins and ornamental purposes. Gold never needs to be polished and will remain beautiful forever. For example， a Macedonian coin remains as untarnished today as the day it was minted twenty-three centuries ago. Another important characteristic of gold is its usefulness to industry and science.For many years，it has been used in hundreds of industrial applications. The most recent use of gold is in astronaut's suits. Astronauts wear gold-plated heat shields for protection outside the spaceship. In conclusion， gold is treasured not only for its beauty， but also for its utility. 这一例是典型的"主题句——阐述句——总结句"结构。

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷7(题后含答案及解析)

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷7(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．For it is not the large house that live in the memory of the visitor. He goes through them as a matter of duty, and forgets about them as a matter of course. The pictures that linger in his mind, called up in a moment by such sensations as the smell of roses or of new-mown hay, are of a simpler nature. A little cottage nestling amidst the wayside trees, the blue smoke curling up against the green, and a power of roses round the door; or perhaps a village street of which the name has been long forgotten, with its rambling old inn, and, a little distance away, the hoary, grey church-tower in its township of tombstones—these are the pictures of old England that are carried away to other climes. And it is the cottage, more homely than the inn, more sacred than the church, that we remember best. Such places have no history at all, their life has not been set in the public eye, and they have always been so wrapped up in their own affairs, that they have never noticed how time is passing, and so they have brought down into the life of today the traditions of two or three hundred years ago. But though they do not pose, those quiet places, yet it is through them that the deep, main current of English life has flowed. For it is a shallow theory that views history as the annals of a court, or the record of the lives of a few famous men. Doubtless such have their significance, but it is easy to overrate their importance, and they afford but little clue to the life of the people, which is the real history of the country. And until recent days, it was not through the cities that this main stream flowed, but through innumerable little country towns and villages. Washington Irving grasped this fact nearly a hundred years ago when he wrote: The stranger who would form a correct opinion of English character must go forth into the country. He must sojourn in villages and hamlets; he must visit castles, villas, farmhouses, cottages; he must wander through parks and gardens, along hedges and green lanes; he must loiter about country churches, attend wakes and fairs and other rural festivals, and cope with the people in all their conditions and all their habits and humors. And these little villages and hamlets are planted all over England, sometimes close together, sometimes more widely spread, but seldom more than a mile or two apart. Written history may have nothing to say regarding them, but they have helped to make history. They have gathered few legends beyond those which time has written on the walls in weather stains and grey lichen, but the men who were born in those humble cottages have wrought in other lands legends that live today. Their cosy homes were bit newly built when the desperate tides of the civil war surged round them. Half a century later they formed part of the army which “swore terribly in Flanders,” and in fifty years more they were laying the foundations our great Indian empire. Then the arid fields of Spain saw them as they followed the Iron Dukethrough the dogged years of the Peninsular War, and they took part in his crowning triumph at Waterloo. Later still, India knew them once more, and the snowy trenches of the Crimea, and but yesterday Afghanistan, Egypt, and South Africa called them forth again. And all the while that those truant birds upheld the name of England abroad, leaving their bones in many lands, their brothers and sisters carried forward the old traditions at home, living their busy, unobtrusive, useful lives, and lying down to rest at last in the old familiar churchyard. And after all, this last is the real life of England, for the sake of which those wars were waged and bloody battles fought. It is the productive life which brings wealth and prosperity and happiness to a nation, and lays the foundation of all that is its honor and its pride. There is nothing obtrusive about the old cottages. They do not dominate the landscape, but are content to be part of it, and to pass unnoticed unless one looks specially for their homely beauties. The modern house, on the other hand, makes a bid for your notice. It is built on high ground, commands a wide range of country, and is seen from far and wide. But the old cottage prefers to nestle snugly in shady valleys. The trees grow closely about it in an intimate, familiar way, and at a little distance only the wreath of curling smoke tells of its presence. Indeed the old cottage has always been something so very close and so familiar to us, that its charms have been almost entirely overlooked, and it is only of recent years, when fast falling into decay, that it has formed a theme for pen and pencil. Truth to tell, of late years a change has come over England. The life that the old cottage typifies is now a thing of the past, and is daily fading more and more into the distance. Twentieth-century England, the England of the railway, the telegraph, and the motorcar, is not the England of these old cottages. Our point of view has changed. We no longer see the old homely life from within, but from the outside. But the commonplace of yesterday becomes the poetry of today, such glamour does the magician. Time cast over things, and the life becomes ever more and more attractive as it slips away from us, and we watch it disappear with regretful and kindly eyes.正确答案：古老的农舍丝毫不引人注目，它们并不独占风光，能点缀周围的风景也十分满足；人们只有欣赏质朴无华的美时才会注意到它们，对此，它们也无怨言。

翻译硕士笔译都在学什么

翻译硕士笔译都在学什么翻译硕士(MTI)是我国专业硕士的一种，一般学制为2年。

很多同学想要报考MTI，但不知道所谓的翻译专业硕士到底在学什么。

其实每个开办MTI的学校在2年的学期内开设的课程都会稍有不同，但大体上还是在规定的范围内的。

今天笔者就结合大部分学校的情况，总结了笔译方向的学习内容，以供参考。

翻译硕士(笔译)一般高校开设课程(包含实践)为五个部分：一是专业必修课(通常为5门)。

常见的开设的课程有文献查找与论文写作、英汉文本编译、近代翻译史与翻译理论、宏观经济学概论、语言服务项目管理。

二是限制性选修课(常见8门选择4门)。

常见的开设课程有译本比较与正误、翻译实践I：英汉笔译、翻译实践II：汉英笔译、企业社会责任及伦理管理、人力资源管理、人力资源管理、古汉语阅读、英语口译基础等。

三是非限制性选修课(任选其中7门)。

常见的开设课程有本地化与国际化工程、西方文化入门(英语口语)、应用语言学、英语语言史、研究生第二外语、文化心理学、联合国与国际组织、语言与文化、国际贸易、国际法基础。

四是翻译实践IV(课程外英译汉翻译实践作业)。

五是综合实践(专业实习)。

综合实践一般要求选择撰写“项目研究报告”的研究生，要完成不少于20周的专业实习任务。

选择撰写“翻译研究报告”的研究生，要完成不少于12周的专业实习任务。

研究生通常经自己联系或中心安排，于第二学年到一家管理规范的大中型语言服务企业或本中心的语言服务机构，参加一项有一定规模的翻译项目的管理及部分翻译工作，并在完成实习任务后向中心提交一份2,000字左右的实习报告，对实习内容及工作量做出具体描述，并对实习收获做出简单的总结。

实习报告后面须附上实习单位指导教师对实习报告的真实性及研究生实习表现的评语。

目前来看，由于项目研究报告要求太高，通常要满足三个主要条件：1、语言服务企业的运营与管理经验;2、独立或同企业项目经理共同完成20-30万字(以汉字计)的翻译项目;3、在全国范围内，或某一特定区域、领域内，通过互联网或实地作业等等)多数学校对此不做硬性要求，多数同学选择完成“翻译研究报告”(一般要求万字以上，并要求翻译别人未曾翻译过的文章，以汉字书写)。

翻译硕士(MTI)考研必备之翻译基础短语解释

翻译硕士（MTI）考研必备之翻译基础短语解释海底电缆submarine cable海关完税价值customs value海量存储mass memory海上救助船salvage ship海市蜃楼,镜花水月,无稽之谈 a mare’s nest海外汇款overseas remittance (Despite the global economic crisis, the amount of overseasremittance to Vietnam in 2008 is estimated to go up by $1.3b to $8b, Vietnamese officials said Tuesday. 越南官员6日说，虽然正值全球经济危机，但是粗略估计，2008年越南的侨汇收入仍然增长了13亿美元，达到80亿美元。

)海湾战争综合症Gulf War Syndrome; Gulf War Illnesses海峡两岸交流基金会(海基会)Strait Exchange Foundation of (Taiwan, China)(SEF)海峡两岸关系协会(海协会)the Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS) 海选auditions (Auditions start later this month, with the show set to go on air in late August. 海选将于本月晚些时候启动，比赛将于8月底正式播出。

)寒带frigid zone旱地滑雪场mock skiing park寒食节Cold Food Festival函授大学correspondence university汉语文化圈Chinese-speaking community汉字处理软件Chinese character processing software航空港air harbor航空旅行意外险air-travel accident insurance航空母舰aircraft carrier航母aircraft carrier航天服space suit航天器spacecraft航向错误,奉行错误方向on the wrong tack行业协调和自律trade co-ordination and self-discipline行业信息发布制度information release system for industries行业杂志trade journal (I work as an assistant editor for a trade journal in the food industry, where my tasks include a great deal of interviewing and personal contact with industry insiders. 我曾在某行业杂志担任食品方面的助理编辑，主要工作包括对食品界人士进行采访以及与他们进行私人接触。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(汉译英)模拟试卷三

英语翻译基础（汉译英）模拟试卷三1.中国将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，继续加强同发展中国家的团结合作，同它们一道维护发展中国家正当合理的权益。

同时，我们要进一步致力于稳定周边、巩固睦邻友好。

我们还将不断地充实与各个大国已经建立或正在建立的未来关系框架的内涵。

我们将更积极地参与国际事务和各种多边外交活动，坚决反对霸权主义、强权政治，推动在世界上建立公平合理、平等互利的国际政治、经济新秩序。

标准答案China will unswervingly observe the independent and peaceful foreign policy. It will continue to reinforce its solidarity and cooperation with the developing countries in the world and, together with them, to safeguard the just and reasonable rights of the developing countries. At the same time, we will be further committed to stabilizing our peripheral areas and to consolidating the harmonious friendship with our neighboring countries. We will also make continued efforts to enrich the implications of the framework of the future relations that have been established or that are being established with all the major countries of the world. We will take more positive steps to participate in international affairs and in various kinds of multilateral diplomatic activities. China will remain firm in its opposition to hegemonism, power politics and will endeavor to promote the establishment of a new international political and economic order that is fair, reasonable, equal and reciprocally beneficial.2.当今世界正处在历史性大变动之中。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础真题

But the rejected lover or mate cannot afford to believe thathis beloved has freely turned away from him--- and so he ascribes sinister ormagical properties to the interloper. He calls him a hypnotist or a thief or ahome-breaker. In the vast majority of cases, however, when a home is broken,the breaking has begun long before any“third party”has appeared on the scene.
关于凯程：
凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直致力于高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
But love is not a commodity; the real thing cannot be bought,sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, achange in the climate of the personality.
This is a prevalent misconception in many people'sminds---that love, like merchandise, can be“stolen”。Numerous states, in fact,have enacted laws allowing damages for“alienation of affections”。

MTI翻译硕士复试翻译理论汇总

一、翻译定义1.张培基——翻译是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。

3.刘宓庆——翻译的实质是语际的意义转换。

4.王克非——翻译是将一种语言文字所蕴含的意思用另一种语言文字表达出来的文化活动。

5.泰特勒——好的翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言，以使译入语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受，如同使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。

6.费道罗夫——翻译就是用一种语言把另一种语言在内容与形式不可分割的统一中所业已表达出来的东西准确而完全地表达出来。

7.卡特福德——翻译的定义也可以这样说：把一种语言（Source Language）中的篇章材料用另一种语言（Target Language）中的篇章材料来加以代替。

8.奈达——翻译就是在译入语中再现与原语信息最切近的自然对等物，首先就意义而言，其次就是文体而言。

9.巴尔胡达罗夫——翻译是把一种语言的语言产物在保持内容方面（也就是意义）不变的情况下改变为另一种语言的语言产物的过程。

纽马克——通常（虽然不能说总是如此），翻译就是把一个文本的意义按作者所想的方式移译入另一种文字（语言）。

10.Translation is the expression in one language(ortarget language译入语)of whathas been expressed in anotherlanguage(source language原语),preserving semantic and stylisticequivalences.---Dubois11.Translating consists in reproducing in thereceptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source languagemessage,first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.---EugeneNida12.Translation is a craft consisting in the attemptto replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the samemessage and/or statement in another language.---Peter Newmark13.Translation or translating is a communicativeactivity or dynamic process in which the translator makes great effort tothoroughly comprehend a written message or text in the source language andworks very hard to achieve an adequate or an almost identical reproduction inthe target language version of the written source language message or text.二、翻译标准1.翻译的标准概括为言简意赅的四个字：忠实（faithfulness）、通顺（smoothness）。

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澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响shake off the impact of the financial crisis帮助人才脱颖而出help excellent talents find way to distinction备件spare parts部长级会议ministerial meeting采取积极财政政策proactive fiscal policy出口创汇型/外向型产业export-oriented industry垂直兼并vertical merger倒爷profiteer抵免offset东盟自由贸易区AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area东南亚国家联盟ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations对外项目承包foreign project contracting反倾销措施anti-dumping meas ures against ……防伪标志anti-fake label放松银根ease monetary policy非配额产品quota-free products非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment风险基金venture capital风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk岗位培训on-the-job training港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises工程项目engineering project工业增加值industrial added value公正合理equitable and rational固定资产投资investment in the fixed assets广开就业门路increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment规模经济scale economy/ economies of scale国合企业（即国有合作社）state-owned cooperatives国际清算international settlement国际收支平衡balance of international payments/ balance of payment国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of payment国家补贴public subsidies国家鼓励项目projects listed as encouraged by the state国家科技创新体系State Scientific and Technological Innovation System国家现汇结存state foreign exchange reserves合理引导消费guide rational consumption横向兼并horizontal merger坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan货币市场money market机构臃肿overstaffing in (government) organizations机构重叠organizational overlapping技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development季节性调价seasonal price adjustments既成事实established/accomplished facts减免债务reduce and cancel debts建材building materials进口环节税import linkage tax经常项目current account经常性的财政收入regular revenues竟价投标competitive bidding就业前培训pre-job training控股公司holding company垃圾融资junk financing劳动密集性企业labor-intensive enterprises劳务合作labor service cooperation累计实现顺差143.4美元accumulatively realizing trade surplus利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery流动人口floating population龙头产品lagship product乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises慢性萧条chronic depression农业技术合作ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation盘活存量资产revitalize stock assets配件accessories皮包公司flying-by-night company; bogus company平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development瓶颈制约“bottleneck” restrictions企业的自我约束机制self-regulating mechanism of enterprises企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses企业所得税corporate income tax千年问题、千年虫millennium bug抢得先机take the preemptive opportunities清理、修订screen and modify求同存异overcome differences and seek common ground商住和公益设施建设commercial, residential and public utility construction申报制度reporting system; income declaration system实行股份制enforce stockholding system实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to, treat foreign investors as quals to the Chinese counterparts市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA Administrative Aspects of Market Access适销对路的产品readily marketable products双重轨制two-tier system / double-track system水利water conservation所有制形式forms of ownership贪图安逸crave comfort and pleasure通货紧缩deflation通货膨胀inflation同步增长increase in the same pace外援方式modality of foreign aid无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator无纸交易paperless transaction现代企业制度modern corporate system消费膨胀inflated consumption协议投标negotiated bidding信息化informationize形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场establish an unified, open market with orderly competition 亚欧会议ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting亚太法定计量论坛APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum亚太工商咨询理事会ABAC：APEC Business Advisory Council亚太计量程序APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program亚太经合组织部长级会议AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting亚太经合组织经济领导人会议AELM：APEC Economic Leaders Meeting亚太经济合作组织APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation亚太能源研究中心APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center亚太商业论坛ABF：APEC Business Forum亚太商业网络APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network亚太实验室认可合作APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation亚太通讯与数据系统ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System亚太信息基础设施APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises亚洲开发银行ADB: Asian Development Bank以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis营业税turnover tax在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership债转股debt-to-equity swap中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan中介服务组织intermediary service organization注入新的生机与活力bring new vigor and vitality into转化经营机制change the method of operation资本项目capital account自1999年1月1日起实行come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999自由浮动汇率free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate自驻经营,自负盈亏responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses走上良性发展的轨道going on the track of sound progressshipping service company 船务公司generic products非商标(非专利)产品prudent monetary policy稳健的货币政策deficit spending超前消费run on banks(到银行)挤兑domestic support to agriculture 对农业的国内支持special bonds特种债券economy of abundance 富裕经济Animal-based protein动物源性蛋白dual purpose exports军民两用品出口dual-use goods and technology 军民两用产品和技术NAFTA North American Free Trade Area北美自由贸易区global quota全球配额grandfather clause祖父条款Animal-derived food动物源食品EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)部门提前自愿自由化TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)贸易和投资自由化和便利化常见缩略：C&F(cost & freight)成本加运费价T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇D/P(document against payment)付款交单D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打PKG(package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等WT(weight)重量G.W.(gross weight)毛重N.W.(net weight)净重(customs declaration)报关单EA(each)每个，各W (with)具有w/o(without)没有FAC(facsimile)传真IMP(import)进口EXP（export）出口MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度M 或MED (medium)中等，中级的M/V（merchant vessel）商船S.S(steamship)船运MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨DOC (document)文件、单据INT（international）国际的P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表INV (invoice)发票PCT (percent)百分比REF （reference）参考、查价EMS （express mail special）特快传递STL.(style)式样、款式、类型T或LTX或TX(telex)电传RMB（renminbi）人民币S/M （shipping marks）装船标记PR或PRC(price) 价格PUR (purchase)购买、购货S/C（sales contract）销售确认书L/C （letter of credit）信用证B/L （bill of lading）提单FOB （free on board）离岸价CIF （cost, insurance & freight）成本、保险加运费价GMO (genetically modified organism)转基因组织CAGA (compound annual growth average)年复合增长率在近日开幕的全国政协会议上，政协委员纷纷建言献策，反腐倡廉、医疗改革、食品药品安全、收入分配、就业问题、环境保护、住房问题、教育公平、社会保险、司法公正等问题成为关注的焦点。