中考语法：定语从句的用法归纳 (2)

中考语法：定语从句的用法归纳

定语从句

Attributive Clause

I本章要点

看一看这些名言警句中所运用的定语从句

➢He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.

从不犯错误的人一事无成。

➢He is the best general who makes the fewest mistakes. ─Hamilton.

最厉害的将军错误犯得最少。

➢He that travels far knows much.

II定语从句语法点分述

一、基本要素

1.概念：如果由一个句子来充当一个词的定语，那么这个句子就被叫做定语从句

2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词

3.关系词（关系代词或者副词）：引导定语从句

➢He is the best general who makes the fewest mistakes.

1.定语从句：_____________________________________

2.先行词：_____________________________________

3.关系词：_____________________________________

♥Attention♥

如何选择关系代词？关系代词的作用是什么？

二、关系代词

1.定语从句关系代词：

★小试身手★

1)This is the man who helped me yesterday.

⇨who在定语从句中作_________

2)The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is coming.

⇨who在定语从句中作_________

3)I met a boy whose father was an astronaut.

⇨whose在定语从句中作_________

4)Here is the coat which/that will be made for you.

⇨which在定语从句中作_________

5)This is the factory (which/that) we visited last year.

⇨which在定语从句中作_________

6)He has a book whose cover (=the cover of which) is very beautiful.

⇨whose在定语从句中作_________

2.关系代词的作用

1)________________________________________

2)________________________________________

3)________________________________________

★小试身手★

(1)用关系代词who,whom,that或whose填空。

1)The man__________you met just now is my old friend.

2)The man __________ is walking on the playground is my old friend.

3)She brought with her three friends, none of __________ I had ever met before.

4)That's the new machine __________parts are too small to be seen.

(2)用who/whom/which/that将下列句子两句并一句。

1)The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.

2)The woman is here now. You were talking about her.

(3)用whose 将下列句子两句并一句。

1)The man gave me a reward. I found and returned his wallet.

2)Parents are usually very proud. Their children graduate from college.

3)The teacher went to Japan to teach English. I took his class last semester.

♥Attention♥

whose 后面一定要加一个名词, 然后这个部分共同做主语或宾语。

3.只能使用 that 作关系代词的情况：

a.先行词为 all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little等不定代词时。

➢There is nothing that can stop him from doing it.

b.先行词前有last, next, only, very及序数词、最高级等修饰时。

➢This is the most interesting film (that) was shown last week.

➢This is the second computer (that) my father has just bought.

c.当先行词既有人，又有物时。

➢They talked of things and people that thet remembered.

d.当主语是 who 的疑问句:

➢W ho is the boy that is playing computer games?

♥Attention♥

以下情况时，who不与that通用。

a)先行词为one(s)/anyone/those时,用who。

b)当先行词有较长定语时用who。

➢I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could ask me questions in Chinese.