英语词汇汇总1 vocabulary

Word-formation
psychologist metroplitian psycho-therapy poli: city metro-= matr(i)-/mater: mother matron/maternal patr(i)=patro-=pater patriot/paternal
dodge v. escape or avoid • vt. & vi.闪躲 He dodged cleverly when she threw her shoe at him. • vt. 回避 回避问题 dodge the issue • n. 闪躲, 躲避 • A dodge behind a tree kept her from being run over.
v. 1. credit sb/sth with sth；credit sth to sb: believe that sb/sth has sth; attribute sth to sb/sth e.g. The relics are credited with miraculous powers. 人们认为这些遗物有神奇的力量。 2. believe: e.g. I can barely credit what she said. 我简直不能相信她的话。
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2. weaken gradually or insidiously Self-confidence was undermined by repeated failures.
misfortune: n. mis-: (with v and n) bad; wrong; not misconduct/ misbehave/ miscount/ 1. bad luck不幸,厄运 companions in misfortune 难友 2. unfortunate condition, accident or event 灾难,灾祸 • She bore her misfortunes bravely. 她勇敢的承受着苦难。
credit: n. & v. • n. 1. No credit is given at this shop.
本店概不赊帐。 （赊购）
• 2. I can’t take any credit, the others did all the work. 我不能接受任何荣誉，所有的工作都是别人做的。 (称赞，表扬) • 3. gain credits in Math and English. 取得数学课和英语课的学分。 （学分）
immune: adj. 1. that cannot be harmed by a disease or illness, either because of inoculation or natural resistance 有免疫力 • I am immune to smallpox as a result of vaccination. 我种过牛痘了，所以对天花有免疫力。 2. immune (to sth) not affected by sth: be immune to criticism, abuse, opposition, etc 不为批评，谩骂，反 对等动摇 3. immune (from sth) protected or exempt from sth 免除，豁免 • be immune from additional taxes 免纳附加税
他似乎不受批评的影响。
He seems to be immune to criticism.
他闪身躲过了滚落的岩石。
He dodged the falling rock.
prophecy
pro-:before
progress, project, prologue, prospect
• hypertension • hyper-: (prefix, excessive, above, over) hypercritical, hyperactive, hypersensitive, hypergamy • hypo-: (prefix, under, beneath) hypodermic, hypothesis, hypocritical, hypocrisy, hypogamy
Mnemonics
loophole loop munch
flounder
Review
to donate 1. If you _______ something _______ a charity or other organization, you give it to them credit 2. If you are allowed _______, you are allowed to pay for goods or services several weeks or months after you have received them. depresses 3. If someone or something __________ you, they make you feel sad and disppointed.
recur:
1. happen again: • The symptoms tend to recur. 这种症状有可能 复发。 2. recur to sb/sth: come back into the mind (fml) • Our first meeting often recurs to me/my mind. review, recall, recharge, Word-formation refresh, refine re-: again(前缀)
4. How much do I have to my credit? 5. Is this item a debit or a credit? 6. The rumour is gaining credit.
存款数额付方，贷方来自相信credit card 信用卡/ credit squeeze 信 用紧缩/ Credit Union 信用合作社
她向树后一闪, 才没被车从身上辗过。
逃税
tax dodge
junk [dʒʌŋk] n. 废旧物品, 破烂物 • I bought this old table in a junk shop. 我在旧货店里买了这张旧桌子。 vt. 丢弃, 废弃 • We're going to junk these computers, they are obsolete. 我们准备换掉这些计算机, 因为 都过时了。 • junk food / store / market
undermine under-: (prefix) 1. below: undergrowth/undergraduate 2. not enough: underdeveloped 1. weaken at the base •The cliffs are undermined by the sea. 峭壁的基部被海水毁坏了。
depression: Word-formation: de- + press+ -ion de- 方向 down, away 强度 complete
de- + n./ a. = 减弱，降低
decode / deface / decry
de- + v. = 往下，加强
depress: 1. to press something down, esp a part of a machine • Depress the clutch (离合器) fully. 2. to make someone feel very unhappy • Wet weather always depresses me. 我在阴天总是心灰意冷。
optimism/pessimism:
e.g. He was still full of optimism for the future despite his many problems. 他尽管有许多问题，但对未来仍十分乐观。 association n. optimist pessimist adj. optimistic pessimistic
3. make (esp. trade) less active 不景气，萧条 • Several factors combined to depress the American economy. depression: 1.being depressed, low spirits He committed suicide after a fit of depression. 他一时想不开，自杀了。 2. period when there is little economic activity, and usually poverty and unemployment.经济 萧条期 the Great Depression
scrutinize: make a detailed inspection e.g.
1. Scrutinize all the documents relating to the trial. 仔细审查所有与审判有关的资料。 2. The jeweler scrutinized the diamond for flaws. 宝石商人仔细察看钻石有无瑕庇 Word-formation: dramatize / –ize/ise(动词后缀)with n and adj minimize / forming v criticize
donate: ~ sth. (to sb./sth.) give, esp to a charity; contribute sth. e.g. • donate blood to a blood bank向血库献血 • donate 1, 000 dollars to a school 给一所 学校捐赠1, 000美元