美国对外贸易定义(中英文)

FOREIGN TRADE DEFINITIONS

美国对外贸易定义(1941年修订本)

《美国对外贸易定义》是由美国几个商业团体制定的。它最早于1919年在纽约制定，原称为《美国出口报价及其缩写条例》，后来于1941年在美国第27届全国对外贸易会议上对该条例作了修订，命名为《1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本》。

《美国对外贸易定义》中所解释的贸易术语共有六种，分别为：

1．Ex(Point of Origin，产地交货)；

2．FOB(Free on Board，在运输工具上交货)；

3．FAS(Free Along Side，在运输工具旁边交货)；

4．C＆F(Cost and Freight，成本加运费)；

5. CIF(Cost，Insurance and Freight，成本加保险费、运费)；

6．Ex Dock(Named Port of Importation，目的港码头交货)。

然而，由于国际商会制定的《国际贸易术语解释通则》在国际上的影响越来越大，绝大多数国际贸易从业人员都接受了《通则》的解释，美国制定《定义》的团体已同意不再继续使用该项定义。

The following definitions of the National Foreign Trade Council, Inc., are reproduced for information purposes only. They are NOT to be construed as part of the National Oilseed Processors Association trading rules. They are reprinted through the courtesy of National Foreign Trade Council, Inc., the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, and the National Council of American Importers, Inc.

Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941, Adopted July 30, 1941, by a Joint Committee representing the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the National Council of American Importers, Inc., and the National Foreign Trade Council, Inc.

（颁布日期：1941年7月30日实施日期:1941年7月30日时效性:有效)

FOREWORD序言

Since the issuance of American Foreign Trade Definitions in 1919. many changes in practice have occurred. The 1919 Definitions did much to clarify and simplify foreign trade practice, and received wide recognition and use by buyers and sellers throughout the world. At the Twenty-Seventh National Foreign Trade Convention, 1940, further revision and clarification of these Definitions was urged as necessary to assist the foreign trader in the handling of his transactions.

一九一九年《美国对外贸易定义》的出版曾在澄清与简化对外贸易实务方面起过不少作用，并得到世界各国买卖双方的广泛承认和使用。但自该定义出版以后，贸易习惯已有很多变化，因而在一九四○年举行的第二十七届全国对外贸易会议上强烈要求对它作进一步的修订与澄清，认为这对帮助对外贸易商处理业务是必要的。

The following Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions—1941 are recommended for general use by both exporters and importers. These revised definitions have no status at law unless there is specific legislation providing for them, or unless they are confirmed by court decisions. Hence, it is suggested that sellers and buyers agree to their acceptance as part of the contract of sale. These revised definitions will then become legally binding upon all parties.

兹推荐《美国对外贸易定义一九四一年修正本》供进口和出口商人共同使用。此项修正本并无法律效力，除非有专门的立法规定或为法院判决所认可。因此，为使其对各有关当事人产生法律上的约束力，建议买方与卖方接受此定义作为买卖合同的一个组成部分。

In view of changes in practice and procedure since 1919, certain new responsibilities for sellers and buyers are included in these revised definitions. Also, in many instances, the old responsibilities are more clearly defined than in the 1919 Definitions, and the changes should be beneficial both to sellers and buyers. Widespread acceptance will lead to a greater standardization of foreign trade procedure, and to the avoidance of much misunderstanding

鉴于一九一九年以来贸易习惯和手续的演变，这次修正的定义中包括了卖方和买方的一些新的责任，并且在许多方面，对原有责任的解释也比一九一九年定义的解释清楚一些，这些修改对卖方和买方都是有益的。广泛接受这次修订的定义，将导致对外贸易手续的标准化，并避免许多误解。

Adoption by exporters and importers of these revised terms will impress on all parties concerned their respective responsibilities and rights.

卖方和买方采用此修正的定义，将使各有关当事人对其责任和权利更加明确。

General Notes of Caution注意要点

1. As foreign trade definitions have been issued by organizations in various parts of the world, and as the courts of countries have interpreted these definitions in different ways, it is important that sellers and buyers agree that their contracts are subject to the Revised American Foreign Definitions—1941 and that the various points listed are accepted by both parties.

由于世界各地有很多机构都分别提出了对外贸易定义，而很多国家的法院对这些定义各有不同的解释，所以由卖方和买方一致同意他们所订的合同以《美国对外贸易定义一九四一年修正本》为准，并接受《定义》所列各点，这是很有必要的。

2. In addition to the foreign trade terms listed herein, there are terms that are at times used, such asFree Harbor, C.I.F.&C. (Cost, Insurance, Freight, and Commission), C.I.F.C.&I. (Cost, Insurance, Freight, Commission, and Interest), C.I.F. Landed (Cost, Insurance, Freight, Landed), and others. None of these should be used unless there has first been a definite understanding as to the exact meaning thereof. It is unwise toattempt to interpret other terms in the light of the terms given herein. Hence, whenever possible, one of the terms defined herein should be used. 除下列对外贸易的术语外，还有一些有时使用的术语，如港口交货（Free Harbor），成本加保险费、运费、佣金（C.I.F.&C.），成本加保险费、运费、利息（C.I.F.C.&I.），成本加保险费、运费、佣金、利息（C.I.F.C.&I.），成本加保险费、运费并卸到岸上（C.I.F. Landed），以及其他。除非事先已经准确地理解它们的确切含义，这些术语都不宜使用。想借用本《定义》所列术语的解释去阐述其他术语是不明智的，因此，只要有可能，就应援用已经在这里下了定义的术语。

3. It is unwise to use abbreviations in quotations or in contracts which might be subject to misunderstanding.

在报价或合同中，使用容易被误解的缩写是不明智的。