英语简单句五种基本句型知识讲解

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He passed me the dictionary?
( IO )( DO)
He passed the dictionary to me.
此类常见动词:pass,show, give, lend, hand, offer, tell, send, bring等
She bought me a beautiful dress.
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B
6. He got angry.
S +V +P (主 + 系 + 表)
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7. He got up.
S +V (主 + 谓 )
8. You will get a surprise.
S+V+O ( 主 + 谓+ 宾 )
9. He got his shoes wet.
S+V +O +OC (主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补)
❖ 3.They work hard. S +V (主 + 谓 )
❖ 4.He gives me some seeds. S +V +In O + DO (主 + 谓 +间宾+直宾 )
❖ 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. S+V +O +OC (主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补)
宾语(即动作的承受者)成分的多样化: 名词,代词,不定式,动名词,宾从等。
如:
1. I like English very much.
(名词)
2. I saw him in the street.
(代词)
3. She likes swimming.
(动名词)
4. The girl wanted to go home . (不定式)
10. He got her a present.
S +V +In O + DO (主 + 谓 +间宾+直宾 )
Sentences 引导
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英语简单句五种基本句型:
1.主+系+表 (S+V+P ) 2.主+谓 (S+Vi) 3.主+谓+宾 (S+Vt+O ) 4.主+谓+间宾+直宾
(S+Vt+IO+DO) 5.主+谓+宾+宾补
(S+Vt +O +OC)
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1.主语+系动词+表语( S+V+P )
谓语为不及物动词
1. Time flies. 2. We eat and drink. 3. They talked for half an hour. 4. He is playing. 5. The moon will rise. 6. They have gone.
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3.主语+谓语+宾语(S+Vt+O)
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❖ 练习一:判断下列简单句是属于哪种句型。
A
❖ 1.Plants need water. S+V+O ( 主 + 谓+ 宾 )
❖ 2.The flower is so fresh. S +V +P (主 + 系 + 表)
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be
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例句:
They are good friends. over there. in the classroom.
(名词) (地点副词) (介词短语)
happy.
(形容词)
My hobby is collecting stamps. (动名词)
My job is to clean the table. (不定式)
5. They have decided where to go . (疑问式不定式)
6. I don’t know if he can come tomorrow. (宾从)
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4.主+谓+间宾(人)+直宾(物) (S+Vt+IO+DO)
如果先说直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),要借助 于介词to或for。
7. We saw him jump into the box. (动词原形)
8. I want you to tell me the truth. (动词不定式)
❖ 常用的带复合宾语的动词(使役/感官):
think, consider, feel, find, have, see, hear, notice,
( IO )( DO)
She bought a beautiful dress for me.
此类常见动词:buy, cook, get, make, sing等。
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5.主+谓+宾+宾补 (S+Vt +O+OC)
宾语与宾语补足语(复合宾语)之间有逻辑上的主
谓或主表关系。若无宾语补足语,则句意不够完整。
1. They made Tom monitor. (名词)
2. The sun keeps us warm.
(形容词)
3. He had his radio on.
(副词)
4. I found him at home.
(介词短语)
5. I heard him singing.
(现在分词)
6. You must get your hair cut. (过去分词)
表语说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份。
常见系动词如下:
1.表状态: be, seem, appear;
2.表感官 look, smell, taste, feel, sound;
3.表延续: remain, stay, keep;
4.表变化: become, get, turn, go, run, fall, grow;
简单句 含有一个主语(或并列主
Simple 语)和一个谓语(或并列
句 Sentences 谓语)的句子

包含两个或两个以上主谓
结 构 分
并列句 结构的句子且句子之间有 Compound 并列连词and/but等或用 Sentences 分号连接

包含一个主句和一个从句
复合句 或一个主句和多个从句的
Complex 句子,且从句用从属连词
The boss seems happy. (形容词) (表状态)
The cake tastes delicious. (形容词) (表感觉)
The water stays still. (形容词) (表延续)
The potatoes went bad. (形容词) (表变化)
5
2.主语+谓语 ( S + Vi. )
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